{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/zk55d8qf58/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Effel, Nathan"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2006-10-09 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Effel, Nathan (Interviewee)","Weinroth, Michael (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eNathan Effel was interviewed by Michael Weinroth in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 9, 2006\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eNathan begins the interview talking about his childhood and growing up on the south side of Atlanta. He describes his life in Atlanta as active and having a lot of Jewish friends in the neighborhood. He talks about playing basketball and baseball in the street and setting up a boxing ring in the back yard. He talks about having a team of Jewish boys and playing other leagues. He reflects on selling Liberty magazines in front of Piedmont Hospital. \u003cbr\u003eNathan talks about the railroad accident that killed his father when he was 11 years old and reflects on his bar mitzvah and how difficult that was. He talks about his mother as a strong woman, who raised the family on her own. He talks about his mother not remarrying. He talks about school, his illness as a child, and joining the choir at Ahavath Achim synagogue.  \u003cbr\u003eNathan talks about buying a grill and beer and wine store in a black neighborhood in southwest Atlanta. He talks about the clientele and having a good relationship with his customers and learning from each other. He recalls having no difficulty during the civil rights era of 1950s and 1960s.  \u003cbr\u003eNathan talks about meeting Adele Finkelstein and their introduction by two family members. He talks about their short courtship of three months. He talks about their first date and taking her to his brother’s nightclub. He reflects on the importance of marrying a Jewish girl. He talks about opening their first store in 1957 in Decatur Square. Nathan talks about moving to Baxley, Georgia, to work at Adele’s family business, Finkelstein’s Department Store. He talks about raising their two children in Baxley and reflects on the importance that they have a Jewish education. He talks about traveling 45 miles to Waycross from Baxley so that the children could attend Hebrew school. He reflects on the outstanding moments in his life and his childhood friendships.  \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)","\u003cp\u003eNathan Effel was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, to Edward and Sarah Zerman Effel. He grew up in Atlanta. His mother and father were both from Russia. He had a brother and three sisters.  Nathan’s father owned an iron scrap metal business in Atlanta. Nathan was 11 years old when his father was killed in a railroad accident. He and his siblings were raised by his mother. The family attended Shearith Israel, where Nathan was bar mitzvahed. Nathan sang in the choir at Ahavath Achim. Nathan attended James L. Key grammar school and Boys’ High School.  \u003cbr\u003eNathan owned Nate’s Cut Rate Grill, a grill and beer and wine store in southwest Atlanta. Nathan married Adele Finkelstein in 1956 after a short courtship. Together, they owned Adele’s Style Shop in Decatur, Georgia. Within a few years, he and Adele moved to Baxley, Georgia, to work in her family’s business, Finkelstein’s Department Store.  \u003cbr\u003eAdele and Nathan raised their two children in Baxley, Felicia and Eddie Effel. They attended a synagogue in Waycross, Georgia, where the children received a Jewish education. Nathan and Adele retired from Finkelstein’s Department Store and moved to Atlanta, where their children live.   \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29314"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eNathan Effel was interviewed by Michael Weinroth in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 9, 2006\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNathan begins the interview talking about his childhood and growing up on the south side of Atlanta. He describes his life in Atlanta as active and having a lot of Jewish friends in the neighborhood. He talks about playing basketball and baseball in the street and setting up a boxing ring in the back yard. He talks about having a team of Jewish boys and playing other leagues. He reflects on selling Liberty magazines in front of Piedmont Hospital.\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eNathan talks about the railroad accident that killed his father when he was 11 years old and reflects on his bar mitzvah and how difficult that was. He talks about his mother as a strong woman, who raised the family on her own. He talks about his mother not remarrying. He talks about school, his illness as a child, and joining the choir at Ahavath Achim synagogue. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eNathan talks about buying a grill and beer and wine store in a black neighborhood in southwest Atlanta. He talks about the clientele and having a good relationship with his customers and learning from each other. He recalls having no difficulty during the civil rights era of 1950s and 1960s. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eNathan talks about meeting Adele Finkelstein and their introduction by two family members. He talks about their short courtship of three months. He talks about their first date and taking her to his brother\u0026rsquo;s nightclub. He reflects on the importance of marrying a Jewish girl. He talks about opening their first store in 1957 in Decatur Square. Nathan talks about moving to Baxley, Georgia, to work at Adele\u0026rsquo;s family business, Finkelstein\u0026rsquo;s Department Store. He talks about raising their two children in Baxley and reflects on the importance that they have a Jewish education. He talks about traveling 45 miles to Waycross from Baxley so that the children could attend Hebrew school. He reflects on the outstanding moments in his life and his childhood friendships. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNathan Effel was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, to Edward and Sarah Zerman Effel. He grew up in Atlanta. His mother and father were both from Russia. He had a brother and three sisters. \u0026nbsp;Nathan\u0026rsquo;s father owned an iron scrap metal business in Atlanta. Nathan was 11 years old when his father was killed in a railroad accident. He and his siblings were raised by his mother. The family attended Shearith Israel, where Nathan was bar mitzvahed. Nathan sang in the choir at Ahavath Achim. Nathan attended James L. Key grammar school and Boys\u0026rsquo; High School. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eNathan owned Nate\u0026rsquo;s Cut Rate Grill, a grill and beer and wine store in southwest Atlanta. Nathan married Adele Finkelstein in 1956 after a short courtship. Together, they owned Adele\u0026rsquo;s Style Shop in Decatur, Georgia. Within a few years, he and Adele moved to Baxley, Georgia, to work in her family\u0026rsquo;s business, Finkelstein\u0026rsquo;s Department Store. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eAdele and Nathan raised their two children in Baxley, Felicia and Eddie Effel. They attended a synagogue in Waycross, Georgia, where the children received a Jewish education. Nathan and Adele retired from Finkelstein\u0026rsquo;s Department Store and moved to Atlanta, where their children live. \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/260/637/small/1737911479_Effel_Nathan.m4v_1737911486.jpg?1737911487","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 1737911479_Effel_Nathan.m4v"]},"duration":2681.913,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/260/637/small/1737911479_Effel_Nathan.m4v_1737911486.jpg?1737911487","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/260/637/original/1737911479_Effel_Nathan.m4v?1737911484","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2681.913,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Effel, Nathan [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm interviewing Nathan Effel, and it's a pleasure to have you here this morning, Nathan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=0.0,5.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Pleasure to be here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=5.0,6.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's just start with something very general, tell me a little bit about your own background, where you are from, when you were born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=6.0,16.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and grew up in Atlanta. My childhood was good up until the time my father passed away. I played basketball, I played baseball. We even had a team; the Jewish boys got a team together, and we played other leagues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=16.0,54.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Had a lot of Jewish friends. And we played in the street, football. We played in the fields, football and baseball. As a child, I sold Liberty magazines. I had a -- one summer a friend of mine was going on vacation, and he didn’t want to lose the route. So he asked me if I would handle it for him. They dropped off all the magazines to me at my house, I'd go in front of the Piedmont Hospital -- that was the old Piedmont Hospital. I stand in front in the afternoon selling my magazines, and every day I sold out. Every time I was there, I sold out my magazines. There was always an older gentleman that would come in last and whatever magazines were left he would buy all of them. So one day when this happened, a lady came after him and he was walking away. I said, “Excuse me, who is that gentleman?” She says, “Why do you ask?” I said, “Well, you know, he always buys all my magazines that are left when he comes through.” So he's a doctor and he put them in his office for people to read it, his patients. I would always run home after I sold out and tell my mother how proud I was, you know, that I sold out. The boy that came back from vacation decided he didn't want the route, so I kept and I sold Liberty magazines for quite a few years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=54.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So you were an entrepreneur of selling magazines?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=161.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I did that and when I had the grocery store, a Jewish family had grocery stores, and they put out circulars. They would hire a few kids and we would put them out on the porches and in the yard. And I think they paid you maybe a penny per paper. And I did that for a couple of years, off and on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=164.0,190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me your parents’ names.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=190.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e My father's name was Edward Effel. My mother's name was Sarah Zora Naaman [Sherman Effel] was her middle name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=192.0,201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Zora Naaman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=201.0,203.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Her father was a rabbi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=203.0,205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=205.0,206.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e And she married my daddy, of course so her name was Effel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=206.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e When did they come to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=210.0,217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e As long as I can possibly remember, we were always in Atlanta. They both came from Europe, from Russia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=217.0,225.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of business was your father in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=225.0,231.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e He was in junk business, scrap iron. He had a big Ten, ten truck. He had 4 or 5 men at work for them, for him. They’d leave in the morning and go out in the country and they go to a lot of the farms. They would break up the farm implements, load them up on the truck. They would get automobiles that were there, and they would take the carburetors, fuel pumps, anything that could be rebuilt and made over. Then they would come back. If they came back in time, they would dump everything at the plant, J.T. Knight \u0026 Son -- that's the people he worked with and for. If he didn't make it back in time, then he would park in the backyard. We had a real high fence about 12ft high, and he had a black German police dog that he kept pinned up. We could never go in the yard when that dog was out unless my father was there. Because anybody could get over that fence, if you didn't have the dog then they would steal from the truck. So he taught me how to take the carburetors, fuel pumps, different things and wash them in gasoline, clean them up. And then we had a high basement where we lived. And on the weekend the backyard mechanics would come in and purchase some of the products.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=231.0,321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right. Where did they live, you said on…?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=321.0,326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e We lived on Georgia Avenue, south Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=326.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Is that near the stadium, the stadium today?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=331.0,332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Where the stadium is today was Capitol Avenue. My brother-in-law had a grocery store there, and the stadium took all that area. I guess it included some of Georgia Avenue, but that came much later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=332.0,350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e How long was your father in the scrap metal business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=350.0,354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Until he got killed, that was 1940.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=354.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e How did that happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=358.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e The truck stalled on the railroad crossing in Hapeville, and four men on the truck, plus my father. There was no whistle, the train was speeding, and [there] was no whistle blowing, and it hit the truck. And the newspaper said that some of those big motors that they had gotten out, some of the big equipment, was a hundred yards down the road, on the railroad tracks. We got a phone call, and I had an older brother, and he and my mother went to the hospital, but my father was already passed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=359.0,404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember what year that was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=404.0,405.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e 1940, I was 11 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=405.0,409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did your mother try to continue that business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=409.0,414.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e No, there was no way to. And my brother was too young, she wanted him to stay in school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=414.0,419.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=419.0,420.62162"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e So they wanted to sue the railroad, but we had no witnesses. He said the truck could have gotten out of the way or they could have gotten off the truck. After about two years, 2 to 3 years, a Black man that my father had, I guess, befriended… My father was very good hearted. He gave his help to anybody that needed medicine for their children or money for groceries. I don't know how, a lot of times he probably didn't have it, but he took them and said, charge it to him. But no beer and no whiskey and no wine, medicine and groceries. About two years after the accident, this Black man called my brother. My brother was ten years older than myself. He said that he witnessed the accident. So my brother asked him, “Why did you wait so long?” He said, “Well, your father did so many good things for me, but I was a little afraid. Back in those days, the Blacks had to be pretty careful, too, because some of the white people didn't appreciate the Blacks having jobs. And that's how my father worked, he had one white boy and the rest of the foremen were Black. So he told my brother that he was willing to go to court and let everybody know that he witnessed that accident. The train did not blow a whistle, and the truck was stalled and the train had plenty of time to stop, but it just kept going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=420.62162,524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did anything ever come of that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=524.0,528.99"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e We got a suit against them and my mother got money. How much, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=528.99,529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=529.0,531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e But we did have enough that we lived, we had food. We lived like poor people because it was poor times, but my mother never gave up. She was a strong woman, and she kept us all together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=531.0,545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it was very, I guess, brave of this man to speak up after that, even though he had waited.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=545.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Very, very, very nice. Otherwise, we would have had nothing out of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=551.0,555.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Wow. Did your mother ever remarry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=555.0,558.99"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e No. She had, there was a good friend of my mother and father’s. He and his wife, he had a dairy. And he offered my father, he said, “Ed you’re gone,” -- my father's name was Edward Effel, he called him Ed he said, “You know, you’re on the road all the time,” He said, “I have got a dairy 18 miles from where you live, I need somebody to run it.” He said, “I want you to take the job, give up the scrap iron business, and you can come back and forth if you want to or you can stay there. I've got a little cottage that you can live in.” [My father] says, “No, this is my life and this is what I want to do.” That went on until he got killed. Several years after that, Mr. Reuben was the man's name that had the dairy, he called my mother and he wanted to come visit. Well, my mother was from the old school, and she was true to her husband, of course. And she says, let me call you back. She called my oldest sister and said, “Mr. Rubin called, he wants to come over and visit me. She said, “Why don't I make a cake and some coffee and you and your husband come and sit with us, and then I'll tell Mr. Rubin to come. So that's what they did. But he came one time and he came another time for dinner. But then that was the end of it. Okay. She was not interested in getting married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=558.99,654.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember some of the other Jewish families that your parents were friendly with at the time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=654.0,659.99"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, there was a Mr. Bernstein [Borschstein], they called him Shorty. He was real short, and he had a truck, a big truck like my daddy. He must have been less than five feet tall, and he drove that truck. He had the pedals built up real high and he went out on the road, too. He had always come by the house. My father used to make homebrew, it was like a beer. He would put it on the back porch and Mr. Birschstein loved to take a drink. So in the evening when he got home from the route, he’d come in with all the grease on him. My daddy said, “Go home and clean up and then come back!” He said, “I want a bottle of the homebrew.” So my father and him went on to the back porch and I guess they both had a bottle of home brew. He left and came back later, he always came to the house to eat with us. He and my daddy would always argue about different things about the scrap iron business, but they were good friends and close friends. And he was never married and I never met any of his other family. He passed away before my father did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=659.99,730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember any other friends of your families that lived in their community?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=730.0,743.22222"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eADELE EFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e …the husband is 90 something years old, your mother’s good friend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=743.22222,754.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e My memory is...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=754.0,755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eADELE EFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Played golf everyday, her husband [unintelligible], their son was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=755.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Fogel? Well, they were much younger. Their mother and father are Kaufmann’s. They were very good friends. He was a tailor, and she stayed home and cooked. In fact, my mother used to take us to the dentist. We would walk past their house and she would always be sitting on the porch. They were friends so she said, “Sarah,” my mother’s name was Sarah, she says “Come in, I’ve got something.” She always baked, baked delicious cakes and pastry. She'd make us sit down and have a piece of cake or whatever we wanted, a glass of milk. My sister, myself, and my younger sister. And then we'd go to the dentist and come back. The dentist was at the Alliance, The Jewish Alliance, there was no charge. Back then there was not much money and this was before the accident. And my dad was working and did good while he was working, but still, it was very limited. But we never went hungry and we always had food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=760.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember when you were growing up, Nathan, that there were new people arriving in Atlanta at that time, new Jewish families coming in? Do you remember any of that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=829.0,845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e You know, when I was 11 years old, I got sick. My father got killed before then and I had trouble with my stomach. I went to every doctor in Atlanta, but they never found out what was wrong. In fact, even to this day, I still have trouble, all these years. [Whether] it was nerves or what, nobody would ever say it. I was really a homebody for quite a few years because I really couldn't get out. I had to stay in the house because of my stomach.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=845.0,883.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you have brothers or sisters?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=883.0,885.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I had a brother and three sisters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=885.0,889.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And three sisters?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=889.0,890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=890.0,891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Were you the baby?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=891.0,893.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a sister, one sister is two years younger than myself lives in Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=893.0,896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=896.0,897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e And then the others were the older.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=897.0,898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Well your mom had to be, kept very busy with all those children and being by herself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=898.0,905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e She kept us all straight, as well as being busy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=905.0,909.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did you go to school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=909.0,914.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e First school was James Earl Key, which was off of Georgia Avenue, that was a grammar school. Then I went to junior high school… After a while, we moved to the north side, so then I went to junior high school, and I met the Halperns, he was a good friend of mine, Alvin Halpern. He lives here in Atlanta now. And Marion Gelman and a lot of other Jewish boys. So I made friends with a lot of the kids. I went to that school. But then before I went off to college -- I mean, went off to high school -- that stomach was still messing up. I started at Boys High School and I went just less than two weeks, but I couldn't stay in class. My stomach was upset, and I went to doctor after doctor but nobody ever found anything. So, I really missed out on my education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=914.0,984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e All right. All right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=984.0,985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I went to the School of Hard Knocks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=985.0,991.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And a graduate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=991.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e And a graduate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=992.0,995.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you have non-Jewish friends growing up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=995.0,999.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, I had a lot of non-Jewish friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=999.0,1001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And how was your interaction with them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1001.0,1003.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e We had a boxing ring in the backyard, we put up ropes and some of the black guys that lived there came in. We would pair up and two would get in the ring and box it out. Everybody had a good time, nobody got mad and nobody said anything about a Jew, about a Black.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1003.0,1025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e You don't remember any insults?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1025.0,1027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Not at that time. But when I started go to junior high school, I had some kids around the neighborhood that I used to fight with, that always have something to say so we would get into it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1027.0,1042.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e But this was not fight like sport fight. This was like scrappy…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1042.0,1046.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, scrapping. Never any weapons or anything. You know, you had a few fights, and I guess you made it up afterward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1046.0,1055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did your family belong to a particular synagogue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1055.0,1062.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Shearith Israel, that's where I was bar mitzvahed. That was -- my father passed when I was 11, and I had my bar mitzvah at 13.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1062.0,1074.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, that must have been difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1074.0,1076.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e It was rough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1076.0,1078.14286"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. As you got older, how would you describe your life in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1078.14286,1086.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I was pretty active. I liked the girls, of course. My brother opened a nightclub. And my mother's brother, I called him, he had five liquor stores, and I was looking to go to work. He says, “Nathan, there's a good friend of mine that has a grill and sort of beer and wine and food. It’s in a black neighborhood, an all black, southwest Atlanta.” He said -- he got bad off, sick so his wife was running the place by herself from 7:00, 8:00 in the morning to 12:00 at night in an all black neighborhood, and he said he was a little afraid for her to be there. He's got the place for sale. I said, “Well, how can I talk to him?” He said, well, you can't talk to him, he's in the hospital. He said, “I've got all the numbers.” So, I talk with my uncle and I said, “How much does he want for the place?” He said, “$1,500.” I said, “I don't have that money; let me think about it.” So I went home and talked to my mother. Now a few years after my father got killed, when this Black man came and told them, they did sue the railroad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1086.0,1164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1164.0,1165.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e But I didn't know how much he got or how much he had. And I didn't want to try and get money from her because I feel like she needed it herself. So I put on my best shirt and tie and went to the First National Bank, and I was 21 years old. I told her, I want to talk to the loan officer. They said, “Well, can I help you?” I said, “Are you the loan officer?” She said, “No, I'm not.” I said, “Well, I want to speak to the loan officer, I want to see about making a loan.” So they brought me in there and we sat down and talked, must have talked for two hours. He said, “Nathan, I believe you will pay this loan back. But it's your age and as young as you are.” He says, “If there’s anything I've learned in the loan business that you're not a good risk.” I said, “You know, I used to buy my own clothes, I’d save up from throwing out sales papers and different things. I’d go to Rich’s, and I put stuff on layaway. In fact, I didn't know one thing about layaway, but this old lady used to help me. So when I pick out clothes, I’d say “How much is it?” and I had few dollars. She said, “Well, son, that's not enough to pay for the clothes.” I said, “Well, heck, what can I do? This is what I like.” She said, “Why don't you put them on layaway?” I said, “Oh, what is that?” She said, “You can take 1 or 2 items with you that you pay for and the others you can come back and make payments on it”, which every week I would do that. Then when I got it paid up, I’d take my clothes. So that's what I did. So I went to the bank and like I said, I was going to talk to the man. He said, “I believe you’ll pay this this note.” I said, “I will pay it if I have to change jobs and get an extra job.” He loaned me the money. I bought the business and I stayed in there for almost ten years. In the meantime, about the 7th or 8th year I met Adele. Her aunt called, her aunt and my aunt were good… Was it your step grandmother? And my aunt were good friends. And so my aunt called me and said, I've got a nice Jewish girl I want you to meet. Well, the way I was, I wouldn't date many Jewish girls because I closed the place at 12:00 at night and we had to clean up afterwards because you serve food and you had to keep your Grade A, in order to keep your license. But I got Dutch with her, after about the second phone call from my aunt and we made time for a date. Meantime, my uncle is sitting there bored at work, he had been working for [unintelligible] my uncle and liquor store. So I hired him and he worked for me for a couple of years. \r \r :","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1165.0,1335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e I wanted to find out what was the name of that business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1335.0,1339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Nate’s Cutrate Grill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1339.0,1340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Nate’s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1340.0,1341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e N-A-T-E-‘-S 80 past years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1341.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And where was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1343.0,1344.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Ashby and Simpson street, a Black neighborhood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1344.0,1347.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right near the Atlanta University campus, not too far from.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1347.0,1351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e The high school with, the kids from the campus used to come down wanting me to sell them beer. I said, “Are you 21?” “Yes, sir.” I said, “Well, let me see something!” Every day a different one would come. But I never sold them any because they couldn't show me any ID, so in order to keep my license, I didn't want to take a chance. But we would serve food, pig ear sandwiches and fish... We had a lot of Black customers, hogs, chitlins -- that's hog guts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1351.0,1387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1387.0,1389.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I’ll give you a little incident. This fella lived around the corner, came in to help cook and I had a Black lady that cooked. I had only black help because my customers were all black. About a mile down the road from me was a black hotel, and during the day, some of the ladies of the hotel would come in and eat and have a beer. So... There was something I want to bring out, I got off track…\r \r WEINROTH","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1389.0,1423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e About the ladies from the hotel coming over?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1423.0,1426.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e They’d come and have beer and eat. You know what I mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1426.0,1436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e It's around that time that you started dating your wife.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1436.0,1439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Right. I had the help, so I was able to get off, you know, without closing the place up. So I went to pick her up, and, I was about ten minutes early.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1439.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1454.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e It was ten minutes early. She said it's not 8:00 yet, you’re a little early. So I started to leave, but I went out and got in the car and I waited till 8:00 and then I went back, knocked on the door, and she came out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1456.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e She was pretty precise about things, was she giving you a hard time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1470.0,1475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Not really. But I felt like I was always early when I had an appointment. I was always early, to this day, I'm same way. If I come to school, I'm always early.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1475.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So you have this business Nate’s Grill, and you make good on your loan I'm sure with the bank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1487.0,1495.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Paid the loan off, and...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1495.0,1497.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you do in that business? Pretty well?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1497.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, I did good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1499.0,1501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Good. So you had a loyal clientele of people that came to the grill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1501.0,1505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e It was only beer and wine place there, a liquor store up the street. In fact in later years, after we -- I guess we'd already gotten married when your daddy wanted to open the liquor store. I think we was already married. Yeah. My father-in-law wanted to get out of the country. My father-in-law wanted to get out of the country. So he said. Nathan, “won't you look around? I'll put the money out and we'll get a liquor store. Then you can maybe sell your place or whatever, you won't have to work day and night.” Adele’s cousin is still here in Atlanta, a lawyer. So I got in touch with Philip and we talked, he said, I'll check the location for you and find out about it. He talked to the lady that owned the land, it was a black lady. And she was positive at first, the day they were going to look to see about everything closed out, and the realtor that was working for the lady said that she decided not to have a liquor store too close to the church. Legally, we were far enough away from the church, but she felt like it was too close, so that fell through. So I kept the beer place until Adele’s father opened up a store in Decatur, Georgia. [He] sent merchandise from Baxley, men’s goods, ladies wear, and when I leave my store, like, say, 4:00 in the afternoon when my help came in, I ran out to Decatur, Georgia and Adele was running the store there and I would stay there and sell and work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1505.0,1604.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So you started working in her dad's store?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1604.0,1607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, just in the afternoons. But I stayed at my place most of the time, and Adele ran the clothing store. But we were so close to Atlanta that we could not afford to give the credit, like Rich’s and Davidson’s and all the big stores. So our business was not that big and really wasn't worth staying open.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1607.0,1631.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the name of that business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1631.0,1634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e That was Adele’s Style Shop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1634.0,1639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And that was right on the square in Decatur?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1639.0,1641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1641.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Wow. You've mentioned several times about your close association with Black neighbors, and with customers, and people you worked with, or who worked for you when you had Nate’s Grill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1642.0,1664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1664.0,1665.37143"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e When the civil rights struggle began in the 50s and 60s, how did that affect that relationship that you had had over all those years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1665.37143,1676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e My business couldn't have been better. I treated everybody that walked in that business just like I would like to be treated myself. I had some who worked at the post office, had big jobs, someone worked at a Jewish, one of the clubs, Progressive Club. In fact, one morning he was sitting in there reading the paper. So I went over and took my beer. It was a Jewish paper. I said, “What are you doing?” He says, “I’m reading the paper.” He said, “You want to read it?” I said, “I can't read a Jewish paper.” He said, “I'm not Jewish, but I can read it.” And I said, “well, you're smarter than I am.” He sat there and he read that paper to me. No, he wasn't Yiddish, he was at the club, you know, working all those years and learned. He probably worked there since he was a kid, and he was a grown man now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1676.0,1729.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it like a Southern Israelite or one of the early.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1729.0,1732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it was just a Jewish paper. I don't know what the name of the paper was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1732.0,1735.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e But it was in English? It was not in Hebrew or…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1735.0,1738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e It was in Hebrew. He was reading the Hebrew -- he was reading the Hebrew! That's why he asked me if I could read it. I couldn’t read it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1738.0,1744.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e He just expected that you could?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1744.0,1746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e He just figured I could do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1746.0,1748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So you learned a lot from your customers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1748.0,1750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yeah. Listen, you learn from people. You learn the good and the bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1750.0,1755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So was there any incident that happened during that time of the civil rights era, and particularly in the 50s and 60s, that was negative or?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1755.0,1765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Not a single nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1765.0,1767.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e No?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1767.0,1768.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Only trouble I had when I got a little bit too much to drink, and I refused to sell [to] them. Then they want to catch a fit. Yes, I have trouble like that. But I had nothing to do with the civil rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1768.0,1779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1779.0,1780.05882"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I never had a minute's trouble as far as getting along with the Blacks. I treated them like equal, and they treated me like a king.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1780.05882,1791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e That's great. Let me see. What would you say are some of the fondest memories that you have of growing up on the south side of Atlanta and your association with friends and school? Do you have any really outstanding moments that particularly made you feel good?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1791.0,1815.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I guess the dealings. Like I said, the Halperns, the Cohens, we always play football out in the middle of the street. We went around together. They went to camp every summer, so for 2 or 3 months I was kind of lacking because I couldn't afford to go to camp. So I just, I guess, messed around. But they were all great friends. One incident happened; three of them were getting ready to go to college. So they decided to drive over to University of Georgia to take a look at the school. It was a Gerald Fishman, Arnold Whiteman, Alvin Cohen, the three of them. They had an accident and all three of them got killed. That was the hardest thing – other than my father getting killed – that I went through at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1815.0,1871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And these were buddies?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1871.0,1873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e They were close friends. We played football together, played baseball together, we went together. And all three of them got killed. They were a little bit older than I was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1873.0,1882.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So you had a number of Jewish families in your neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1882.0,1886.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1886.0,1887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1887.0,1888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e In fact, next door to me on Hunter Street, where I was born, we found out later years a rabbi that came from Valdosta to Waycross to teach Hebrew. She approached me one day and says, Nathan, you were born two doors down the street from me on Hunter Street. The rabbi’s wife.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1888.0,1911.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Wow. So they remembered you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1911.0,1913.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, she did. She wasn't married at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1913.0,1917.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, you mentioned Hunter. Was that M.L.K. [Jr. Drive]? Was that Hunter Street? What was Hunter? I want to say that…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1917.0,1928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e You know the two shuls were on Washington Street. Hunter Street was… Like I said, I was born and raised there, but I never did go back to that area because it was a small area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1928.0,1948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time, everything was really on the southside of Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1948.0,1951.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Exactly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1951.0,1956.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e When I was 13, before my bar mitzvah, I was singing in the choir at AA. The Hebrew school that was in south Atlanta disbanded. So we moved to the north side, and I went to Hebrew school there. The Hebrew school was AA. At first they didn't want to let me come in, because you have to pay to belong. My mother went and talked with them and said he has to [learn] Hebrew. There's no other place to go, and we just moved in this area. They okayed it. So I led the whole Hebrew school in reading Hebrew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1956.0,2004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Wow, so you were a good student?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2004.0,2005.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I was a good student. I was good until my stomach started. Yeah. They moved from the little house, and they built a big building on 10th Street. I went over there to start the next season. I hear a lot of singing going on, so I asked the rabbi that was waiting on me. I said, ‘Where's the singing coming from?’ He said, ‘That’s the shul choir. Do you want to go back and listen to them?’ I said, ‘Yeah, I'd like to’ He said, ‘Well, open the door really easy and sit down. Don't say anything because the cantor will get on you.’ It was Cantor Schwartzman. Rabbi Schwartz was the one I was talking to. He said, ‘Now they know I'm a man – my name is Schwartz. They didn't know he was a man and named him Schwartzman, M-A-N’ I just said thank you. Not that I cared about that, but that was his words. When I walked in, he pointed to the back and said to go and sit down. When they got through, [Schwartzman] said, Can I help you? I said, Yeah, I'd like to see about singing in the choir. He said, Can you sing? I think I can. So he ran me up and down the scale. He asked if I could read Hebrew, I said yeah. So he gave me something and he sang it first, and then I sang behind him. He said ‘You’re hired’ I didn't know they paid you!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2005.0,2096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Wow!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2096.0,2097.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I went to – we lived on the northside and we had to go to the south side for the practice at the shul. A lot of the time, when it was light [out], I would walk all the way across town, and other nights my mother would give me a nickel and I'd use a streetcar. It was like, between a trolley and a streetcar, and I would ride over there. They had several men in the choir. Mr. Siegel had a meat packing company, so at night, he would bring me back home. And on slickers, you know, it was like 2:00 in the morning. After we got through, he said, ‘let's go to Thompsons,’ that was a place downtown where they had coffee, cake, and ice cream whatever you wanted. Except at that time I didn't drink coffee, so I’d order something and he would order something. I would always try to have a few dollars in my pocket, I would offer to pay. He says, ‘Put your money up, I’ll always pay for it.’ and took me to my front door. I sang for quite a few years until my stomach started, and then I had to stop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2097.0,2168.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Now y'all belong to Shearith Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2168.0,2170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, that's what I'm a part of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2170.0,2172.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e But you sang for the choir at AA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2172.0,2174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. In fact, a cantor from Shearith Israel after my bar mitzvah approached me and said, “Wouldn't you like to sing in our choir?” I said well, I sing in AA’s choir. And he said, how are you singing in AA’s choir and you belong to [Shearith Israel]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2174.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2190.0,2191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I said, I told him the story about we lived over there and we didn't have a Hebrew school. So I got involved there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2191.0,2200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay. You mentioned your business and I guess your business, Nate’s Grill, were you involved with that for a good long time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2200.0,2211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e About almost ten years, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2211.0,2213.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you have any customers that just really stood out? People that just made an impression?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2213.0,2219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I had some bad ones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2219.0,2221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Some bad ones?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2221.0,2222.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I mean, one was a gentleman who worked at a post office. He used to always come in and talk. He got married, he told me about his wedding. During the day it wasn't real busy, you know, because I had a helper in the kitchen. They would take care of sandwiches and I would ring them up. But he must talk for an hour, an hour and a half. It was very interesting, so I'm listening…  All the guys came in on Friday evening cash checks. One lady came in, one of the wives came and said, Nate, we have no food in the house, I have three children. She said, I hate to bother you and you’re so nice to everybody. I said, What do you need? Groceries? She said, I need some money to buy some groceries. I said, Your husband cashes his check here, it was a pretty good sized check. She says, Yeah, but by the time he gets home, it's all gone. I said This Friday, when he comes in, I will take half his check and keep it for you. So I gave her money to go buy groceries. Her husband came in Friday, cashed his check. I kept almost half of it. He said, Mr. Nate, I believe you made a mistake. I said, What kind of mistake? I don't make mistakes. He said, You didn't give me enough money for my check. So I took it out. And I said, Well, there's so and so and and I gave you so much, and I got some in my pocket. He said, You going to charge me 20 something dollars to cash my check? I said, this is going to your wife and children so they can buy groceries next week. He says, thank you very much. \r \r WEINROTH","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2222.0,2321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So he didn't get angry with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2321.0,2322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e He didn't get angry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2322.0,2323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, he must have respected you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2323.0,2324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I was always. I treat them just like equals. Yeah, I feel that way and I treat them that way. I never had any time, except one guy was a drunk, and I just couldn't get rid of him and I had to put him out. But other than that, I never had a minute's trouble with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2324.0,2342.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Great. And you sort of touched on how you met Adele. It was a blind date, y’all were fixed up by two family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2342.0,2352.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Two family members.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2352.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And did you like Adele from the get go?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2353.0,2359.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess I did, because it was the next night I was at her house… Her memory is not as good as mine. But we kept steady company after that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2359.0,2373.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And you had a real short courtship, actually. Right? How long did y’all date before you got married or engaged?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2373.0,2382.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e We met in March, and we got married in June, wasn’t it? It was about 3 or 4 months before we got married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2382.0,2390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eADELE EFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e No, we met in December, then that date in March.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2390.0,2393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e March, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2393.0,2395.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So that was pretty quick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2395.0,2396.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, it was quick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2396.0,2396.57143"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, she must have liked you, too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2396.57143,2398.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I think she did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2398.0,2399.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so too.  You said you dated around before you met Adele, was it important that you would marry a Jewish girl?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2399.0,2412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e It was. Because my mother’s three brothers married non-Jewish girls, and the children were not Jewish. None of the children were Jewish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2412.0,2424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you had sort of made up your mind that when you got married, it would be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2424.0,2428.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. That was a blessed phone call. Yeah, very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2428.0,2436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember what you did on your first date or where you went on your first date?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2436.0,2439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e We went everywhere. I took her to every nightclub, ain’t that the first night? I spent every dime I had. No, not really. We went to…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2439.0,2451.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e You sort of knew the city, though?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2451.0,2452.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I knew the city. My brother had a nightclub, he and a partner, they had a couple of nightclubs. We went to their club, and…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2452.0,2462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember any of these clubs that your uncle had or?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2462.0,2466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, my brother and his Casa Rio club was one of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2466.0,2470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Casa Rio? Were these well-known places or “hot” spots?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2470.0,2474.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time? One of them was on Highland Avenue and Ponce de Leon in one of the hotels. Yeah, that was a smaller one. Then they had one further out because they had trouble with a liquor license. At 2:00 you had to stop serving in-town. When they moved further out, they stayed open all night, until 4:00 or 5:00 in the morning. In fact, I'd go out there a lot of nights before I got married, I would go out there when I closed my place up. I would change clothes, they had exotic dancers come in every week. So I’d sit there and the chef would make me a nice steak and all the trimmings, and I'd have a mixed drink. I never was much of a drinker, and I still [am not.] I'd have a few sips and I'd eat, then the exotic dancer would perform. And, it was enjoyable. I'd get home 2:00 or 3:00 in the morning, had my place opened up by about 630. When I got married, I weighed, like, 127 pounds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2474.0,2542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e You were running all the time!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2542.0,2543.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I was working hard, all day I was there. The boy that I hired to work – one guy came in one day and says, Nate, I'd like to work for you. I said, Well, I've got all the help I can use. He says well, I know you pay good. I said, How do you know? He said, Well, that boy who works for you is out gambling every night after he closes the place up. So once I got married, you know, I would leave sometime at 4:30 when he came on and I wouldn't come back, except on the weekends. I was like, I don't pay him that good. So what I started doing, and not letting him know, I'd go back and I'd stay until closing time and I'd check the register. Every time I would check the register, it would be over, $40 or $50. That's not a lot of money now, but it was a lot of money then. So I let him go. And after that I think it wasn’t too much longer with it. I got a buyer for the place and sold it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2543.0,2599.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e It sounds like because of your family circumstances, you had to grow up pretty fast.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2599.0,2604.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I think I did, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2604.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you ensure that your children, your own children, once you became a parent, would grow up Jewish and get a Jewish education?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2607.0,2618.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, between the two of us, we never did do anything that was not.. Well, I won't say it was not Jewish, but we took them to Waycross, Georgia, 45 miles away for [unintelligible] and we took them there for Hebrew lessons. We went to Vidalia on Sunday morning for Sunday school. I guess we did everything we were supposed to do for them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2618.0,2647.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e So that became a priority in their lives?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2647.0,2649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Definitely. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2649.0,2650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e That's great. Is there anything else you want to share with us before we conclude?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2650.0,2656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I guess the loss of our son was one of the hardest things that ever happened. He was in college, he got killed. Yeah. He was 19.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2656.0,2668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, we thank you very, very much. My pleasure. Much of your early history with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2668.0,2673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEFFEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it's my pleasure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2673.0,2674.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/transcript/76818/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eWEINROTH:\u003c/strong\u003e And I know other people will enjoy listening to this as well. Thank you so much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2674.0,2681.913"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["EFFEL, NATHAN [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLiberty was an American weekly general-interest magazine, originally priced at five cents and subtitled, “A Weekly for Everybody.” It was launched in 1924 and ceased production in 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=54.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Atlanta Hospital was founded in 1906 as the Piedmont Sanitarium. Today (2021) it is a 643-bed, non-profit hospital located on Peachtree Road in Buckhead.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=54.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJ.T. Knight \u0026amp; Son Inc was a long-distance scrap iron and metal trucking company that was established in Columbus, Georgia, in 1900. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=231.0,321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1915, philanthropist Morris Hirsch established the Morris Hirsch Clinic to provide outpatient medical services to those unable to afford care. A dental program was added to the clinic in 1929. In 1956, the dental clinic moved to Pryor Street and was renamed the \u003cstrong\u003eBen Massell Dental Clinic\u003c/strong\u003e. The brothers Irving and Marvin Goldstein, both dentists, supported a volunteer dental force that served 6,000 patients each year. The Ben Massell Dental Clinic is still in existence today, and is located on 14th Street in Midtown Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=760.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA)\u003c/strong\u003e operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=760.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe James L. Key Elementary school was named for the late mayor in 1963. Key was a lawyer who served a total of four terms as Mayor of Atlanta and passed in 1939. The school was located at the intersections of Memorial Drive and Stovall Street, and was closed in the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=914.0,984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMidtown High School, formerly Henry W. Grady High School, is a public high school located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It began as Boys High School and was one of the first two high schools established by Atlanta Public Schools in 1872. In 1947, the school was named after Henry W. Grady, a famous journalist and orator in the Reconstruction Era, but controversially, a white supremacist. In December 2020, the school's name was changed to Midtown High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=914.0,984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Congregation Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002. As of 2022, the current Senior Rabbi of the congregation is Ari Kaiman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1062.0,1074.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: \u003cem\u003eb’nai mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on \u003cem\u003etefillin\u003c/em\u003e, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e by being called up to the reading of the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1062.0,1074.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded as the Atlanta National Bank on September 14, 1865, and later renamed to First National Bank of Atlanta, this institution was the oldest national bank in Atlanta. On December 12, 1986, Wachovia purchased First Atlanta and made Wachovia one of the few companies with dual headquarters: one in Winston-Salem, NC, and one in Atlanta, GA. The Wachovia company was acquired by Wells Fargo and Company in 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1165.0,1335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e[1] Rich's was a department store retail chain, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, which operated in the southern U.S. from 1867 until March 6, 2005 when the nameplate was eliminated and replaced by Macy's. It was founded by Hungarian Jewish immigrant Morris Rich (born Mauritius Reich) in Atlanta in 1867 as \"M. Rich \u0026amp; Co. Dry Goods\" Many of the former Rich's stores today form the core of Macy's Central, an Atlanta-based division of Macy's, Inc., which formerly operated as Federated Department Stores, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1165.0,1335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdele’s Style Shop was opened by Adele Finkelstein Effel in January 1957. It was a department store specializing in women’s clothing on the Decatur Square.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1634.0,1639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDecatur Square is a historic area in downtown Decatur, a small suburb in close proximity to downtown Atlanta. It is centered around the old DeKalb County courthouse. The 15-block walkable district includes unique retailers and local and national restaurants.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1639.0,1641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eAmerican Civil Rights Movement\u003c/strong\u003e encompasses social movements in the United States whose goal was to end racial segregation and discrimination against Black Americans and enforce constitutional voting rights to them. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1665.37143,1676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century. Although the terms “Yiddish” and “Yid” are sometimes used to refer to Jews, Yiddish is a reference to a person's language and not necessarily their ethnicity, religion, or culture.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1676.0,1729.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Progressive Club\u003c/strong\u003e was a Jewish social organization in Atlanta, Georgia. It was established in 1913 by Russian Jews who felt unwelcome at the Standard Club, where German Jews were predominant. At first the club was located in a rented house until a new club was built on Pryor Street including a swimming pool and a gym. In 1940 the club opened a larger facility at 1050 Techwood Drive in Midtown with three swimming pools, tennis, and softball. In 1976 the club moved north to 1160 Moore’s Mill Road near Interstate 75. The property was eventually sold to the YMCA as the club faced financial challenges. The Carl E. Sanders Family YMCA at Buckhead, which stands on the former site of the Progressive Club, opened in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1676.0,1729.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Southern Israelite\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e, now the \u003cem\u003eAtlanta Jewish Times\u003c/em\u003e, is a newspaper with the mission to create a sense of community throughout the geographically dispersed Jewish people of greater Atlanta through the timely dissemination of local and national news; support of local synagogue, nonprofit, and cultural endeavors and events; thought-provoking dialogue and debate on current issues and Jewish ideas; and the strengthening of the bonds and understanding of Jewish culture, tradition, and family\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1729.0,1732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCOHEN v. WHITEMAN was a civil case pursued by the mother of Alvin Cohen, Mrs. Anne Cohen, who sued Frank Whiteman, father of Arnold Whiteman, driver the night of the fatal accident that took the lives of both sons as well as another minor, Gerald Fishman. The suit was for damages for the death of plaintiff's son in a collision between an automobile owned by Whiteman and in the possession of his minor son, Arnold Whiteman, and a truck of the transfer company. The plaintiff alleged that her son, Alvin Cohen, was riding as an invited guest of Arnold Whiteman in the automobile owned by his father and kept and maintained by the father as a family purpose car; that another person, Gerald Fishman, was also riding in the automobile; that the driver of the said car was guilty of gross negligence in driving at a speed in excess of 70 miles per hour and in colliding with the truck of the transfer company.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1815.0,1871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1976, Hunter Street would be renamed Martin Luther King Jr. Drive to honor the Civil Rights activist. The street ran directly through the area where Dr. King lived and learned, being home to landmarks where he ate, learned, prayed and planned his movements including Pascal’s restaurant, West Hunter Street Baptist Church and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1888.0,1911.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1956.0,2004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school can be either the Jewish equivalent of Sunday school (an educational regimen separate from secular education, focusing on topics of Jewish history and learning the Hebrew language), or a primary, secondary, or college level educational institution where some or all of the classes are taught in Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=1956.0,2004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637/annotation_set/1880/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePonce de Leon Avenue, often simply called “Ponce,” provides a link between Atlanta, Decatur, Clarkston, and Stone Mountain, Georgia.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/140979/file/260637#t=2474.0,2542.0"}]}]}]}