{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/z02z31qd5p/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Eplan, Leon (1993 and 1994)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1993-11-20 (captured)","1993-12-11 (captured)","1994-01-30 (captured)","1994-01-31 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Eplan, Leon (Interviewee)","Kremer, Ray Ann (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther \u0026amp; Herbert Taylor Jewish Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eLeon Eplan was interviewed by Ray Ann Kremer on November 20, 1993, December 11, 1993, January 30, 1994, and January 31, 1994, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eLeon Samuel Eplan was born on November 28, 1928, in Jacksonville, Florida, to Samuel and Bess Abelson Eplan. He had one older sister, Carolyn Eplan Goldsmith, who was born on July 10, 1924. Leon grew up in the Midtown section of Atlanta and graduated from Boys’ High School. As a youth, Leon was a member of a Jewish Boy Scout Troop. He participated in the AZA, (Aleph Zadik Aleph) youth organization, where he was elected to regional and national positions.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHis grandfather, Leon Eplan, immigrated from Odessa, Russia with his wife, Rosa, and eldest of their eleven children. The Eplan family were members of the Ahavath Achim congregation. Leon’s grandfather was a founding member of the synagogue. His grandfather was also a founding member of the Jewish Progressive Club. His grandparents helped establish the Jewish Educational Alliance. His father, Samuel, was a respect attorney, active in the Atlanta Jewish community and wider Atlanta community. His mother, Bess, worked as a legal secretary for Samuel.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter high school, Leon attended and graduated from Emory University. Leon earned master’s degrees in city planning from the University of North Carolina and in sociology from the University of Tennessee. After serving in the military, he attended the London School of Economics to begin work on his Ph.D., but he did not complete the degree. He taught in England and Scotland for a period and then traveled around Europe and Israel before returning to the United States. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon began his career working at an Atlanta city planning firm and later took a position in New York at a city planning consulting firm. He returned to Atlanta in 1961, where he became president of a city planning consulting firm, engaged in urban renewal work and clearance throughout the southeast. His career continued in Atlanta, holding positions with the city of Atlanta, leading the city planning program at Georgia Tech, and working as a private consultant. He later held the role of commissioner of planning and development for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.  \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon married Madalyne Buchman Eplan in 1959. Madalyne was a kindergarten teacher most of her career and taught in New Jersey and later in Atlanta. They had three children, Elise, Jana, and Harlan and six grandchildren. Madalyne died on January 25, 2021, after a 16-year battle with Alzheimer’s. Leon died three months later on April 21, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eLeon begins the interview by sharing his family history including his paternal grandfather and grandmother. He discusses his grandfather, Leon Eplan activities in Atlanta’s Jewish community and the pawn shop business he operated with his sons. He talks about his mother’s family and her growing up in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He recounts his father, Samuel, starting the Don’t Worry Club for Young Boys and his activities with the group. He mentions how his parents possibly met through the Don’t Worry Club. He shares more about his mother’s family and his Abelson uncles. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe details his father’s life growing up including attending the Leo Frank trial and spending time at the Jewish Education Alliance. He discusses the Jewish fraternities and the groups that Conservation and Reform Jewish youth had. Leon shares about some of the tensions between the Conservative and Reforms Jews in Atlanta during the early 1900’s. He discusses some of the other things his father did in his youth. He talks about the various high schools in Atlanta when he was growing up. He mentions his father’s service in World War I and attending Emory Law School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon recalls some of the changes he has seen in the city from when he grew up and some of the antisemitism he experienced. He discusses what factors have made the Atlanta Jewish community different from other cities and the ongoing challenges they face. He shares his father’s involvement with non-Jewish and Jewish organizations in Atlanta. He also reflects on his father involved himself with Conservative, Reform and Sephardic Jews. Leon recalls his father’s Zionist activities and visiting Israel with his second wife.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe discusses his father remarrying after his mother’s death from Alzheimer’s. Leon recounts how his mother worked as his father’s legal secretary. He details more aspects of his father’s legal career and working with the black community. He recalls spending time with his father when he was a child. He reflects on the end of Progressive Club and his family celebrating Jewish holidays.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon discusses his early memories of Atlanta, where they lived, and the other Jewish people in his neighborhood. He talks about the freedom he and his friends had as kids and exploring Piedmont Park and the neighborhoods. He recalls some of the Jewish businesses he remembered as a kid. He reflects on the black community and Jewish communities interaction when he was growing up. He remembers Stella Armstrong, who worked for his family when he was growing up. He recalls some of the Jewish kids he grew up with and his memories of them. Leon shares about his bar mitzvah happening the day before the bombing of Pearl Harbor. He talks about Ahavath Achim building an education building on the north side of town and attending Hebrew school there.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon shares his memories of being active in the Boy Scouts for many years. He talks about why he joined AZA and the different chapters the group had. He mentions Young Judea, which was a youth Zionist group that his sister was involved with. He details his history with AZA activities and attending Brandeis camp. Leon talks about his high school experience, attending Emory University and his initial lack of focus when he initially attended college. He shares about becoming the music director at Blue Star camp while he was in college. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe discusses attending the University of Tennessee to get his master’s in sociology and how he discovered his career path in city planning. He shares about deciding to get a second master’s in city planning at the University of North Carolina. He reflects on his involvement with the Jewish fraternities while at college and his father’s involvement with them. Leon briefly mentions his time in the Army. He recounts going to Europe to study at the London School of Economics, deciding to not get his doctorate and teaching in England and Scotland. He spoke about traveling throughout Europe and his time in Israel when the 1956 war broke out.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon talks about returning to the United States in 1956 and getting his first position in city planning. He shares about meeting his wife, Madalyne Buchman and her background. He talks about getting married and taking a job in New York for a few years. He recalls returning to Atlanta in 1961 with Madalyne and his oldest daughter, Elise. He reflects on how Atlanta had changed from the 1950’s to the 1960’s. He talks about the impact of the Civil Rights Movement on the city and his work with civil rights. Leon also talks about how Atlanta grew economically and became a leading city in the South. He shares his memories about some of Atlanta’s leaders doing the 1960’s and 1970’s, the integration of public places in the city, and the societal unrest during the late 1960’s.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon reflects how Atlanta and the surrounding areas had changed for the Jewish community and grown since his childhood. He spoke about his appreciation of the Jewish community’s commitment to Jewish education and embracing their Jewishness. He discusses his children and their education at Atlanta’s private schools. He talks about going to work for the city and why working in the public sector was important to him. He also discusses his time heading the graduate city planning program at Georgia Tech, his other professional involvement, and his political activities.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe details his involvement with the planning of the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics. He reflects on the challenges they were facing in funding some of the plans, but the importance of the games in setting the city up for the future. He talks about Atlanta’s population decline in the 1980’s but how the city was growing again in the 1990’s. He shares his thoughts on Atlanta’s growth in the future. He recalls how Atlanta’s population decline in the 1980’s impacted the synagogues and Jewish organizations in the city and the work he did with them. He also spoke about the important role of larger synagogues and Jewish organizations can have in the community. Leon ends the interview discussing his views on the future of the black and Jewish relationship in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Eplan, Leon (1928-2021) (personal name)","Eplan, Samuel (1896-1984) (personal name)","Eplan, Bess Abelson (1897-1969) (personal name)","Eplan, Rosa Tepletsky (1856-1942) (personal name)","Eplan, Israel (1890-1896) (personal name)","Eplan, William (1909-1939) (personal name)","Eplan, Moses (1891-1944) (personal name)","Eplan, Isaac (1895-1957) (personal name)","Eplan, Madalyne Buchman (1935-2021) (personal name)","Eplan, Jana (b. 1963) (personal name)","Eplan, Elise (b. 1960) (personal name)","Eplan, Harlan (b. 1965) (personal name)","Abelson, Chipeh Cohen (1854-1922) (personal name)","Abelson, Israel (1853-1935) (personal name)","Abelson, Harry (1882-1951) (personal name)","Abelson, Max (1889-1946) (personal name)","Albert Jr., Dr. Allen (192-1972) (personal name)","Allen, Charles (1913-2005) (personal name)","Allen, Doug (1947-2014) (personal name)","Allen Jr., Ivan (1911-2003) (personal name)","Amato, James “Nace” (1901-1988) (personal name)","Armstrong, Stella (1902-1976) (personal name)","Arnall, Ellis (1907-1992) (personal name)","Arnold, Dr. Joseph (b. 1931) (personal name)","Arnold, Phyllis Gershon (b. 1934) (personal name)","Axam, Clara (b. 1949) (personal name)","Bardin, Shlomo (1898-1976) (personal name)","Beber, Sam (1901-1976) (personal name)","Bender, Barnett “Barney” (1893-1966) (personal name)","Bender, Dorothy (1919-1997) (personal name)","Bender, Lena Eplan (1894-1991) (personal name)","Berman, Samuel (1898-1966) (personal name)","Bond, Horace Julian (1940-2015) (personal name)","Burnham, Daniel (1849-1912) (personal name)","Carter Jr, James “Jimmy”  (b. 1902) (personal name)","Caplan, Dr. Gerald (b. 1930) (personal name)","Cole, Dr. William (1904-1979) (personal name)","Cook, Rodney (1924-2013) (personal name)","Cooper, Jerry (b. 1930) (personal name)","Copeloff, Dr. Moses (1893-1963) (personal name)","Cunningham, Robert (1928-2021) (personal name)","Du Bois, W. E. B. (1868-1963) (personal name)","Felt, Sally Travis (1928-2023) (personal name)","Eizenstat, Stuart (b. 1943) (personal name)","Farrakhan Sr., Louis (b. 1933) (personal name)","Franco, Jack (1904-1999) (personal name)","Frank, Leo (1884-1915) (personal name)","Frank, Larry (b. 1934) (personal name)","Frankel, Joseph (1895-1959) (personal name)","Frankel, Rebecca Sawilsoky (1901-1986) (personal name)","Frankel, Theodore (1931-2023) (personal name)","Frankel, Craig (b. 1963) (personal name)","Franklin, Shirley (b. 1945) (personal name)","Freedman, Adalbert (1902-2002) (personal name)","Freedman, Miriam (1909-1997) (personal name)","Fryer, Joel (1928-2006) (personal name)","Gershon, Herbert (1928-2018) (personal name)","Golden, Soloman (1899-1989) (personal name)","Goldman, George (1929-2008) (personal name)","Goldsmith, Carolyn Eplan (1924-2021) (personal name)","Goldstein, Abe (1889-1982) (personal name)","Goldstein, Edgar (1927-1989) (personal name)","Goldstein, Rubye Eplan (1899-1991) (personal name)","Goodman, Rabbi Arnold (personal name)","Gottlieb, Alan (1928-2003) (personal name)","Gottlieb, Lucy Amato (1929-2024) (personal name)","Hammer, Philip (1914-2000) (personal name)","Hartsfield Sr., William (1890-1971) (personal name)","Hiles Sr., John (1928-1999) (personal name)","Hill, Eric (1918-1997) (personal name)","Hirsch, Harold (1881-1930) (personal name)","Hirsch, Jack (1926-2013) (personal name)","Howell, Clark (1863-1936) (personal name)","Huntley, Walt (b. 1948) (personal name)","Jackson, Jesse (b. 1941) (personal name)","Jackson Jr., Maynard (1938-2003) (personal name)","Jacobs, Sinclair (1888-1977) (personal name)","Jacobson, Erwin (1928-2000) (personal name)","Joel, Rita Lincoln (1931-2019) (personal name)","Johnson, Lyndon B. (1908-1973) (personal name)","Jova, Henri (1919-2014) (personal name)","Karp, Hazel Berman (1929-2023) (personal name)","Karp, Dr. Herbert (1922-2016) (personal name)","King Jr., Martin Luther (1929-1968) (personal name)","Lefkoff, Merle (b. 1938) (personal name)","Lerman, Lynn Frank (b. 1931) (personal name)","Levitas, Barbara Hillman (b. 1934) (personal name)","Levitas, Elliot (1930-2022) (personal name)","Levitas, Ida Goldstein (1897-1987) (personal name)","Levitas, Louis J. (1885-1968) (personal name)","Levy, Harry Joseph “Joe” (1928-2020) (personal name)","Lewis, John (1940-2020) (personal name)","Lincoln, Jack (1924-2013) (personal name)","Marx, Rabbi Dr. David (1872-1962) (personal name)","Maslia, Victor\t(1928-1993) (personal name)","Massell Jr., Samuel (1927-2022) (personal name)","McGill, Ralph (1898-1969) (personal name)","Montag, Jackie (b. 1937) (personal name)","Nerenbaum, Daniel (1928-1993) (personal name)","Olmsted, Frederick Law (1822-1903) (personal name)","Phagan, Mary (1899-1913) (personal name)","Powell, Arnold (1923-1980) (personal name)","Eplan, Bessie Powell (1900-1997) (personal name)","Reagan, Ronald (1911-2004) (personal name)","Roark, H. Randal (b. 1942) (personal name)","Rodbell, Clyde (1927-2015) (personal name)","Roth, Philip (1933-2018) (personal name)","Rothschild, Rabbi Jacob (1911-1973) (personal name)","Rumble Jr., Douglas (1912-1982) (personal name)","Salzman, Alan (1928-1989) (personal name)","Saporta, Isaac (1910-1998) (personal name)","Saporta, Maria (b. 1955) (personal name)","Saul, Milton (b. 1925) (personal name)","Saul, Virginia Diamond (b. 1928) (personal name)","Schmerling, Martha Copeloff (1929-1978) (personal name)","Schmerling, Dr. Sandford (1928-2013) (personal name)","Schwartz, Rabbi Maurice (1914-1987) (personal name)","Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820-1891) (personal name)","Slotin, Ronald (b. 1963) (personal name)","Southard Sr., James (1928-2015) (personal name)","Spector, Maurice (1924-2000) (personal name)","Steinberg, Cathey Weiss (b. 1942) (personal name)","Taylor, Herbert (1895-1987) (personal name)","Taylor, Mark (b. 1928) (personal name)","Travis, Bertha (1902-1978) (personal name)","Travis, Robert (1900-1985) (personal name)","Voll, Leon (1896-1985) (personal name)","Weltner, Charles (1927-1992) (personal name)","Weltner, Dr. Philip (1887-1981) (personal name)","Wilkins, Roy (1901-1981) (personal name)","Woodruff, Robert (1889-1985) (personal name)","Young, Andrew (b. 1932) (personal name)","Young, Whitney (1921-1971) (personal name)","Zaban, Erwin (1921-2010) (personal name)","Zimmerman, Joseph (1905-1973) (personal name)","Zwig, Dr. Edward (1932-2012) (personal name)","Antwerp, Belgium (geographic term)","Athens, Greece (geographic term)","Asheville, North Carolina (geographic term)","Augusta, Georgia (geographic term)","Barcelona, Spain (geographic term)","Birmingham, Alabama (geographic term)","Brunswick, Georgia (geographic term)","Boston, Massachusetts (geographic term)","Chamblee, Georgia (geographic term)","Chapel Hill, North Carolina (geographic term)","Charleston, South Carolina (geographic term)","Chattanooga, Tennessee (geographic term)","Clayton, Georgia (geographic term)","Columbus, South Carolina (geographic term)","Dallas, Texas (geographic term)","Edinburgh, Scotland (geographic term)","Gainesville, Georgia (geographic term)","Glasgow, Scotland (geographic term)","Golan Heights (geographic term)","Haifa, Israel (geographic term)","Istanbul, Turkey (geographic term)","Jacksonville, Florida (geographic term)","Jerusalem, Israel (geographic term)","Knoxville, Tennessee (geographic term)","Kolkata, India (Calcutta) (geographic term)","Live Oak, Florida (geographic term)","Los Angeles, California (geographic term)","Macon, Georgia (geographic term)","Maplewood, New Jersey (geographic term)","Memphis, Tennessee (geographic term)","Miami, Florida (geographic term)","Mobile, Alabama (geographic term)","Moscow, Russia (geographic term)","Naples, Italy (geographic term)","Nashville, Tennessee (geographic term)","Newark, New Jersey (geographic term)","Odessa, Russia (geographic term)","Omaha, Nebraska (geographic term)","Poconos, New York (geographic term)","Prestwick, Scotland (geographic term)","Raleigh, North Carolina (geographic term)","Rome, Georgia (geographic term)","Rye, New York (geographic term)","Santa Ana, California (geographic term)","Savannah, Georgia (geographic term)","Skopje, Macedonia (geographic term)","St. Louis, Missouri (geographic term)","Taipei, Taiwan (geographic term)","Tampa, Florida (geographic term)","Vienna, Austria (geographic term)","Washington, D.C. (geographic term)","Zagreb, Croatia (geographic term)","Ahavath Achim Synagogue (corporate name)","American Council for Judaism (corporate name)","American Jewish Committee (corporate name)","APEi (Alpha Epsilon Pi) (corporate name)","The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (corporate name)","Atlanta Jewish Federation (corporate name)","AZA (Aleph Zadik Aleph) (corporate name)","BBG (B'nai B'rith Girls) (corporate name)","Bert Adams Boy Scout Camp (corporate name)","Blue Star Camp (corporate name)","Booker T. Washington High School (corporate name)","Boy Scouts of America (corporate name)","Boys’ High School (corporate name)","Brandeis Camp Institute (corporate name)","Brandeis-Bardin Institute (corporate name)","Brandeis University (corporate name)","Camp Gordon (corporate name)","Chamber of Commerce (corporate name)","Clark Howell School (corporate name)","Coca-Cola Company (corporate name)","Commercial High School (corporate name)","Congregation Beth Jacob (corporate name)","Congregation Shearith Israel (corporate name)","Crew Street School (corporate name)","Don't Worry Club of Young Boys (corporate name)","Emory University (corporate name)","FHA (Federal Housing Administration) (corporate name)","Fox Theater (corporate name)","Georgia Institute of Technology (corporate name)","Girls’ High School (corporate name)","Grady High School (corporate name)","Greenwood Cemetery (corporate name)","The Hebrew Academy (corporate name)","The Paideia School (corporate name)","The Lovett School (corporate name)","Atlanta Jewish Community Center (corporate name)","Jewish Education Alliance (corporate name)","Jewish Family Services of Atlanta (corporate name)","Joseph B. Whitehead Boys and Girls Club (corporate name)","S. H. Kress \u0026amp; Co. (corporate name)","The Lockheed Martin Corporation (corporate name)","Loews Grand (corporate name)","Mayfair Club (corporate name)","Montefiore Society (corporate name)","Morehouse College (corporate name)","Morris Plan Bank (corporate name)","NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) (corporate name)","National Council of Jewish Women (corporate name)","New York Times (corporate name)","Oakland Cemetery (corporate name)","Oglethorpe (corporate name)","Daniel O'Keefe Junior High School (corporate name)","Olympic Stadium (corporate name)","Orme Park (corporate name)","Paramount Theater (corporate name)","Phi Ep (Phi Epsilon Pi) (corporate name)","Piedmont Driving Club (corporate name)","Piedmont Hospital (corporate name)","Piedmont Park (corporate name)","Progressive Club (corporate name)","Roxy Delicatessen (corporate name)","S. M. Inman School (corporate name)","Spelman College (corporate name)","Standard Club (corporate name)","Stone Mountain (corporate name)","Tech High School (corporate name)","Techwood Homes (corporate name)","Tenth Street School (corporate name)","TEP (Tau Epsilon Phi) (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Top Hat Club (corporate name)","United Nations (corporate name)","University of Tennessee (corporate name)","University of Texas (corporate name)","Washington Post (corporate name)","F. H. Woolworth Company (corporate name)","Young Judea (corporate name)","ZBT (Zeta Beta Tau) (corporate name)","ZOA (Zionist Organization of America) (corporate name)","Arab-Israeli War of 1948 (named event)","Korean War (named event)","World War I (named event)","World War II (named event)","The Cotton State International Exposition of 1895 (named event)","The Great Depression (named event)","Bombing of Pearl Harbor (named event)","Suez War (named event)","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka (named event)","Civil Rights Movement (named event)","Civil Rights Act of 1964 (named event)","Watts Riots (named event)","The 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics (named event)","The Chicago World’s Fair of 1893 (named event)","Ashkenazi Jews (other)","Conservative Judaism (other)","Reform Judaism (other)","Sephardic Judaism (other)","Hasidic Judaism (other)","Antisemitism (other)","Zionism (other)","Anti-Zionist movement (other)","Bar Mitzvah (other)","Kibbutz (other)","GI Bill (other)","Yiddish (other)","Kosher (other)","Cheder (other)","Black National Anthem (other)","Gone with the Wind (other)","Integration (other)","Segregation (other)","Pogroms (other)","Menorah (other)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eLeon Eplan was interviewed by Ray Ann Kremer on November 20, 1993, December 11, 1993, January 30, 1994, and January 31, 1994, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeon Samuel Eplan was born on November 28, 1928, in Jacksonville, Florida, to Samuel and Bess Abelson Eplan. He had one older sister, Carolyn Eplan Goldsmith, who was born on July 10, 1924. Leon grew up in the Midtown section of Atlanta and graduated from Boys\u0026rsquo; High School. As a youth, Leon was a member of a Jewish Boy Scout Troop. He participated in the AZA, (Aleph Zadik Aleph) youth organization, where he was elected to regional and national positions.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHis grandfather, Leon Eplan, immigrated from Odessa, Russia with his wife, Rosa, and eldest of their eleven children. The Eplan family were members of the Ahavath Achim congregation. Leon\u0026rsquo;s grandfather was a founding member of the synagogue. His grandfather was also a founding member of the Jewish Progressive Club. His grandparents helped establish the Jewish Educational Alliance. His father, Samuel, was a respect attorney, active in the Atlanta Jewish community and wider Atlanta community. His mother, Bess, worked as a legal secretary for Samuel.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter high school, Leon attended and graduated from Emory University. Leon earned master\u0026rsquo;s degrees in city planning from the University of North Carolina and in sociology from the University of Tennessee. After serving in the military, he attended the London School of Economics to begin work on his Ph.D., but he did not complete the degree. He taught in England and Scotland for a period and then traveled around Europe and Israel before returning to the United States.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon began his career working at an Atlanta city planning firm and later took a position in New York at a city planning consulting firm. He returned to Atlanta in 1961, where he became president of a city planning consulting firm, engaged in urban renewal work and clearance throughout the southeast. His career continued in Atlanta, holding positions with the city of Atlanta, leading the city planning program at Georgia Tech, and working as a private consultant. He later held the role of commissioner of planning and development for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon married Madalyne Buchman Eplan in 1959. Madalyne was a kindergarten teacher most of her career and taught in New Jersey and later in Atlanta. They had three children, Elise, Jana, and Harlan and six grandchildren. Madalyne died on January 25, 2021, after a 16-year battle with Alzheimer\u0026rsquo;s. Leon died three months later on April 21, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeon begins the interview by sharing his family history including his paternal grandfather and grandmother. He discusses his grandfather, Leon Eplan activities in Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s Jewish community and the pawn shop business he operated with his sons. He talks about his mother\u0026rsquo;s family and her growing up in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He recounts his father, Samuel, starting the Don\u0026rsquo;t Worry Club for Young Boys and his activities with the group. He mentions how his parents possibly met through the Don\u0026rsquo;t Worry Club. He shares more about his mother\u0026rsquo;s family and his Abelson uncles.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe details his father\u0026rsquo;s life growing up including attending the Leo Frank trial and spending time at the Jewish Education Alliance. He discusses the Jewish fraternities and the groups that Conservation and Reform Jewish youth had. Leon shares about some of the tensions between the Conservative and Reforms Jews in Atlanta during the early 1900\u0026rsquo;s. He discusses some of the other things his father did in his youth. He talks about the various high schools in Atlanta when he was growing up. He mentions his father\u0026rsquo;s service in World War I and attending Emory Law School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon recalls some of the changes he has seen in the city from when he grew up and some of the antisemitism he experienced. He discusses what factors have made the Atlanta Jewish community different from other cities and the ongoing challenges they face. He shares his father\u0026rsquo;s involvement with non-Jewish and Jewish organizations in Atlanta. He also reflects on his father involved himself with Conservative, Reform and Sephardic Jews. Leon recalls his father\u0026rsquo;s Zionist activities and visiting Israel with his second wife.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe discusses his father remarrying after his mother\u0026rsquo;s death from Alzheimer\u0026rsquo;s. Leon recounts how his mother worked as his father\u0026rsquo;s legal secretary. He details more aspects of his father\u0026rsquo;s legal career and working with the black community. He recalls spending time with his father when he was a child. He reflects on the end of Progressive Club and his family celebrating Jewish holidays.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon discusses his early memories of Atlanta, where they lived, and the other Jewish people in his neighborhood. He talks about the freedom he and his friends had as kids and exploring Piedmont Park and the neighborhoods. He recalls some of the Jewish businesses he remembered as a kid. He reflects on the black community and Jewish communities interaction when he was growing up. He remembers Stella Armstrong, who worked for his family when he was growing up. He recalls some of the Jewish kids he grew up with and his memories of them. Leon shares about his bar mitzvah happening the day before the bombing of Pearl Harbor. He talks about Ahavath Achim building an education building on the north side of town and attending Hebrew school there.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon shares his memories of being active in the Boy Scouts for many years. He talks about why he joined AZA and the different chapters the group had. He mentions Young Judea, which was a youth Zionist group that his sister was involved with. He details his history with AZA activities and attending Brandeis camp. Leon talks about his high school experience, attending Emory University and his initial lack of focus when he initially attended college. He shares about becoming the music director at Blue Star camp while he was in college.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe discusses attending the University of Tennessee to get his master\u0026rsquo;s in sociology and how he discovered his career path in city planning. He shares about deciding to get a second master\u0026rsquo;s in city planning at the University of North Carolina. He reflects on his involvement with the Jewish fraternities while at college and his father\u0026rsquo;s involvement with them. Leon briefly mentions his time in the Army. He recounts going to Europe to study at the London School of Economics, deciding to not get his doctorate and teaching in England and Scotland. He spoke about traveling throughout Europe and his time in Israel when the 1956 war broke out.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon talks about returning to the United States in 1956 and getting his first position in city planning. He shares about meeting his wife, Madalyne Buchman and her background. He talks about getting married and taking a job in New York for a few years. He recalls returning to Atlanta in 1961 with Madalyne and his oldest daughter, Elise. He reflects on how Atlanta had changed from the 1950\u0026rsquo;s to the 1960\u0026rsquo;s. He talks about the impact of the Civil Rights Movement on the city and his work with civil rights. Leon also talks about how Atlanta grew economically and became a leading city in the South. He shares his memories about some of Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s leaders doing the 1960\u0026rsquo;s and 1970\u0026rsquo;s, the integration of public places in the city, and the societal unrest during the late 1960\u0026rsquo;s.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLeon reflects how Atlanta and the surrounding areas had changed for the Jewish community and grown since his childhood. He spoke about his appreciation of the Jewish community\u0026rsquo;s commitment to Jewish education and embracing their Jewishness. He discusses his children and their education at Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s private schools. He talks about going to work for the city and why working in the public sector was important to him. He also discusses his time heading the graduate city planning program at Georgia Tech, his other professional involvement, and his political activities.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe details his involvement with the planning of the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics. He reflects on the challenges they were facing in funding some of the plans, but the importance of the games in setting the city up for the future. He talks about Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s population decline in the 1980\u0026rsquo;s but how the city was growing again in the 1990\u0026rsquo;s. He shares his thoughts on Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s growth in the future. He recalls how Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s population decline in the 1980\u0026rsquo;s impacted the synagogues and Jewish organizations in the city and the work he did with them. He also spoke about the important role of larger synagogues and Jewish organizations can have in the community. Leon ends the interview discussing his views on the future of the black and Jewish relationship in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Eplan__Leon_Samuel.mp3"]},"duration":19670.77878,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/242/842/original/Eplan__Leon_Samuel.mp3?1718753774","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":19670.77878,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Eplan, Leon [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Today is November 20, 1993. This is Ray Ann Kremer interviewing Leon\nEplan at his home on Barksdale Drive. This interview is sponsored by the\nAmerican Jewish Committee, the Atlanta Jewish Federation and the National\nCouncil of Jewish Women. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leon, I'd like to go as far back in your family history\nas possible. Which of the great great, or how far back can you go as to where\nyour family originally came from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=30.0,45.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My grandfather came here from Odessa, Russia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=45.0,49.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now was this your paternal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=49.0,52.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: This is my paternal grandfather, came here from Odessa, Russia. The\nfamily was in the baking business ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=52.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Odessa and probably had done fairly well.\nHe wasn't impoverished when he came.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=60.0,68.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=68.0,71.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Leon Eplan. I'm named after him. He came to New York. He went to London\n[England] and then he came to New York and eventually to Atlanta [Georgia] in\n1881 . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=71.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His children were all born along the way. My uncle . . . was born in\nEurope and another one born in London, and a third in New York. [He] came here,\nand my father was born here, as well as his youngest sister. There were nine\nchildren in the family. He and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my aunt Lena were born here, as here in Atlanta,\nsorry. Aunt Rubye was born here. He was born, I did some recent history on where\nthe family was living when he was born, and they lived down on Auburn Avenue and\nhe was born in Piedmont Hospital. Auburn Avenue in August of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1896. They lived\nthere and down eventually . . . on Washington Street at Bass which is now where\nthe stadium is and where the Olympic Stadium will be placed. [He] grew up in . .\n. the Piedmont, Auburn Avenue neighborhood and then down in the south ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part of town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=180.0,181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did your grandfather get to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=181.0,184.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I really don't [know]. I'm not positive. I'm led to believe that he knew\nsomebody from . . . He went to Nashville [Tennessee] briefly. I can't remember\nthe gentleman's name, but he was a very prominent business person who told him\nabout Atlanta, and he came here because of that, is what I've heard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=184.0,206.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What business did he go into?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=206.0,209.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=209.0,209.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a peddler. He peddled out in the countryside until he got money to\nopen a store and he opened up a pawn store. All his sons worked in the pawn\nstore and my grandmother worked in the pawn store. I . . . have gone back into\nthe city directory, and during this whole period, early into the turn of the\ncentury, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=209.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after World War II, one, excuse me, after World War I. All the children\nare listed in the business as well as my grandmother. He died, my grandfather\ndied in 1922, very, fairly young. By that time, he had become very prominent in\nthe community, was a major leader of the Ashkenazi community. [He] helped found\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=239.0,269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Jewish Alliance, which later became the Jewish Community Center, was one of\nthe original first signatories on the Ahavath Achim synagogue. His pictures in\nthat book of the 125th anniversary book that AA [Ahavath Achim] put out. But . .\n. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=269.0,299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was active in the synagogue for a number of years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=299.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you know if he had been active in the old country . . . or if the\nfamily had been leaders or anything about them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=303.0,314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I really don't know, but I imagine that they were relatively comfortable\nthere. I don't think, I doubt they were rich or anything of that sort, but he\ndid not come here steerage. He came here ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=314.0,329.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fairly good fashion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=329.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your grandmother actually came with him when he came?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=331.0,335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's correct. Her name was Rosa, and she . . . came with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=335.0,341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you know her maiden name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=341.0,344.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=344.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Or anything about her family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=346.0,348.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I know nothing about their background . . . I have to tell you that my\nsister probably has a better memory of these things. You really ought to be . .\n. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=348.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope sometime one of you will want to interview my sister . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=361.0,367.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Her name is . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=367.0,372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Carolyn Goldsmith, she lives nearby, because she's probably has\nkept up a little on the family history better than I have. My grandmother was\nprominent in the community. She was one of the founders of the Montefiore\nSociety, which was the welfare group, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=372.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which eventually became the [Jewish]\nFederation here and was one of the founders of the predecessor to the Jewish\nHome. They were both very active, both my grandfather and my grandmother were\nvery active in the community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=391.0,410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did . . . you know them? Did you know them at all?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=410.0,417.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. My grandpa died in 1922, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=417.0,421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I was born in 1928. I did know my\ngrandmother, but she was an older woman by the time I became really aware of her\n. . . When they lived down at the corner of . . . they lived in an apartment\nhouse which my grandfather owned at the corner of Washington and Bass Street,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=421.0,451.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was a Jewish area. A lot of Jewish . . . names there. As I said, I\nrecently went to the history center and went back and looked at the names of\npeople up and down the street who were living there. I recognized a lot of them,\nRob Bells and all sorts of the well-known names around living in this building.\nOn Sundays, we used to go down to . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=451.0,481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"visit my grandmother when I was a child\nin that area. In fact, I briefly lived with my grandmother for about six months.\nI was born, during the Depression my father went to Miami [Florida], and then to\nJacksonville [Florida] looking for work and was living briefly in Jacksonville\nwhen I was born. Then we moved to Atlanta when I was three ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=481.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and lived briefly\nwith my grandmother, then moved into the Midtown section of Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=511.0,518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were you born in Jacksonville?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=518.0,521.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. Even now, I have some ties to what is now known as the Summerhill\nneighborhood and which the community recognizes whenever I am in the area. Sort\nof interesting . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=521.0,538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did your grandma tell you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=538.0,541.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any stories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=541.0,542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I had no relationship with my grandmother. She was almost a recluse\nby the time I became aware of her. She just stayed in her room. She lived with\nher daughter, Lena. My father's younger sister. Excuse me, she lived with my,\nI'm sorry. She lived with not the younger sister, that was Rubye . . . it was a\nsister [that] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=542.0,571.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a few years older than my father named Lena. She lived with\nLena and my uncle Barney over . . . on Brookridge Drive. After she left the\napartments on the Southside, she moved in with my aunt Lena and Uncle Barney. By\nthat time, she'd really become a recluse, never went out of the house. I had\nvery little communication with her. She was really a remote figure by that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=571.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=601.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about your parents? Did they ever recount any stories about your\ngrandparents or the life that they talked about early in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=601.0,615.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Mostly about my grandfather. He was a very strong force in the community.\nHe was head of almost every committee in every institution during those days.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=615.0,631.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[He] had become a successful businessman and eventually became the vice\npresident of a downtown bank. That's where he was when he died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=631.0,641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What bank?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=641.0,642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was called the Morris Plan Bank, which eventually became the Bank of\nGeorgia, downtown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=642.0,649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was the Morris Plan Bank the one that that gave loans to Jewish people\ncoming to town?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=649.0,657.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It gave loans to people, that was their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=657.0,661.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"purpose. It came out of the work\nof a man in New Jersey, by the name of Morris and the predecessor to the FHA\n[Federal Housing Administration] loans were the banks that lent short term\nloans. In those days, when people wanted to buy a house, you could only get a\nloan for about five years, seven years from a bank . . . and you renewed it\nperiodically. The Morris Plan specialized in that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=661.0,691.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the 1920's, early\n1930's before it finally was replaced because FHA came in and the federal\ngovernment began to guarantee loans, so we set up the S\u0026L [Savings and Loan]\nsystem and the Morris Plan Banks went out of business . . . My grandfather was\nmore less the person at the Morris Plan Bank that handled the Jewish accounts.\nHe was brought into . . . to serve the Jewish community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=691.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's when . . . it's\na very interesting history of the Bank of Georgia in which they talked about\nthis, about the absorption. My . . . grandfather's name is mentioned in their\nhistory book.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=721.0,734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: He went into banking later in life. Before that he had . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=734.0,739.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He actually . . . I'm not sure whether or not that was a part time job or\na full time job. He had the pawn store and became a very successful businessman.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=739.0,751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether or not he ever left the pawn business, I suspect that he spent most of\nhis time at the bank with his sons running the pawn business. He had slew of\nsons that finally fanned out all over Georgia. My uncle Moses in Gainesville\n[Georgia]. My uncle Ike was in Rome [Georgia]. [I] had an uncle [that] went to\nNew York . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=751.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It remained a family business, basically until it was taken over\nby Leon Voll, in fact . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=781.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Leon, how do you spell?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=789.0,792.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: V-O-L-L. In fact, when the building was finally tore down to do the\nexpansion of Georgia State . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=792.0,801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Where was that building? What was the business called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=801.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . On Edgewood. I think it was called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=807.0,812.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eplan Investment Company or\nsomething. It was a pawn store. There were a lot of pawn stores in those days.\nInteresting enough when Leon Voll finally went out of business, they bought the\nbusiness, he finally went out and I went down with my father just to look at\nsome of the things they were going to throw away or give away or whatever and to\nget some tools that they had left over. I asked for one of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=812.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the cases, the\ndisplay cases, the wall display cases and so forth. I have now redone that, it's\nin my house in the room you're sitting in . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=842.0,855.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That beautiful wood . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=855.0,858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That was an old pawn store display shelving that I converted into a library.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=858.0,865.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, it's beautiful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=865.0,867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was throwing it away. My sister liked it very much. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=867.0,872.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My sister is very\nadept at finishing antiques. She taught that, in fact, briefly. She said \"I want\none of those.\" She went down to Leon Voll, and Leon Voll sold her the other one.\nWe thought it was interesting that he found there was a market there, and the\nbusinessperson that he is, he . . . sold it for $20. It's a great relica to me\nbecause it belonged to my grandfather, actually, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=872.0,902.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in his pawn store.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=902.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=904.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I really did not know about my grandmother's family at all. They went to\nChattanooga [Tennessee], and I know zero about my . . . grandmother. I know\nonly, on a scale of one to ten, one of my grandfather on my mother's side. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=906.0,932.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They\nwere in Chattanooga. The family was all in Chattanooga. I really never knew\nthem. My grandmother . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=932.0,940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . What was that family's name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=940.0,944.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I could probably . . . my mother . . . was an Abelson . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=944.0,951.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Her mother . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=951.0,955.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I simply don't know. I really don't know. But . . . her father was\na rabbi, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=955.0,963.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a religious man . . . who . . . was not close to my mother. They had\ndifferences, and my mother never took me to see him. She refused to let him know\nme at all. For whatever, he may not have wanted to or whatever. But I never knew\nmy grandfather at all on that side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=963.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The rabbi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=988.0,989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The rabbi. He was a very difficult ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=989.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and somewhat, according to reputation\n. . . somewhat intolerable . . . man . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=992.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . He lived in Chattanooga . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=998.0,1002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Chattanooga. She lived in Chattanooga and she had a sister . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1002.0,1008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Was he an Orthodox rabbi?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1008.0,1011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, he was very religious and very severe. My mother was a very\nliberated person. She was the only one [of] her group that ever went to high\nschool. She ended up by working in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1011.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a investment with a man who did investment\nstocks and bonds, investments like that, who I understood had a drinking\nproblem. My mother pretty well ran the business. She was very well read and a\nvery lively person. From everything . . . I've heard from her friends; she was\nreally a very interesting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1023.0,1053.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and informed person.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1053.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: She grew up and lived in Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1054.0,1057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She grew up in and lived and worked in Chattanooga, and . . . was there\nwhen my father was courting her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1057.0,1066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did they meet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1066.0,1068.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't know. I really don't know. In the early days, there weren't youth\norganizations like we know today . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1068.0,1077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Now what years are we talking about in their youth, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1077.0,1083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the turn of\nthe century . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1083.0,1087.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . They married . . . No. My father was born in 1896. They married in\n1923, and so we're talking about World War I era. Now, in the early days [as I\nwas] saying there weren't any youth organizations like we know today. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1087.0,1113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No AZA\n[Aleph Zadik Aleph], no Boy Scouts . . . people didn't regard children . . . in\nthe same ways as we do today. Their interests were not primary to the family.\nThey were just a member of the family. They weren't that religious. In 1907, I\nthink it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1113.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my father founded a group called the Don't Worry Club of Young Boys.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1143.0,1147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I have heard of the Don't Worry Club. He founded it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1147.0,1151.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was . . . the first president. In fact, I have his gavel somewhere\naround the house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1151.0,1157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Are they going to display that in the history . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1157.0,1161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . They had it in a showcase. I gave a whole bunch of materials on the\nDon't Worry Club, and they had a display for about six months in the foyer of\nthe Jewish Federation Building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1161.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1173.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tell me more about that, how did your father . . . did he come up with\nthe idea?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1173.0,1179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I have no idea how the boys got together to form this club. Eventually\nthere must have been about 20, 25 boys, and they socialized and . . . played\nball and so forth that eventually there was a Don't Worry Club formed in\nSavannah [Georgia].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1179.0,1195.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you know how they got that name . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1195.0,1199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . It's so characteristic of that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1199.0,1202.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"period. Of this kind of don't care,\ndon't worry type of thing. I think it's a great name. But they founded this\nDon't Worry Club in Savannah, and they used to go back and forth. They use to\ndebate and orate and play sports and socialize. I mentioned this I jumped into\nthat only because eventually there was a Don't Worry Club that started in\nChattanooga, and it could be that my father could have met my mother ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1202.0,1232.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by going up\nto Chattanooga. My father was a very well-known debater and orator. He was a\ngreat speaker. He was called upon at ceremonies to speak during and after the\nwar. He was the person who they brought in to give a great oratory. But those\ndays you did those sort of things. He was well known in the community for his\ndebating skills, which led him . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1232.0,1262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carried him to his law practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1262.0,1264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I was going to say, do you think that's why he was such a community\nleader because he could speak so well?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1264.0,1273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That does help . . . isn't always necessary, but it does help. But I\njumped ahead from my father only because you asked the question about me and my\nmother. Conceivably, he could have met my mother because they used to go at\nChristmas time, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1273.0,1292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Don't Worry Club used to go to Savannah to play a\ntournament, to play ball and to orate and to socialize. Then in the, I guess in\nthe summertime, they used to go there. In the wintertime they came to Atlanta\nand did the same thing. Same thing we did with AZA, I got to know the kids\naround the region AZA, but we used to compete against in that conference [and\nat] conventions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1292.0,1317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Let's go back to, as long as we're on the Don't Worry Club because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1317.0,1322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nreally like to develop that. We've had so many interviews where people say they\nbelong to it. But I'd like to find . . . out a little bit more about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1322.0,1335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm not sure, there's nobody left by the way. The last member died, that\nwas Doc Taylor. Mark Taylor's father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1335.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I think Erwin Zaban may have mentioned it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1343.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, but that was his father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1346.0,1349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1349.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: [His] father . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1350.0,1352.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon, not Simon. His father . . . Zaban's father and\nmy grandfather were good friends. The Zaban and Eplan families were close. Zep\nManufacturing, for instance, which . . . became a major portion of National\nService Industries. Zep stood for Zaban, Eplan, and Powell. Powell was from out\nof town and disappeared early. If you go through the archives . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1352.0,1382.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have a\nsmall archives in the National Service building. You will see my cousin Billy\nEplan was one of the early people in Zep. Then there was another Eplan who owned\nstock very early in National Service and so forth. The Eplan Zaban support had\nbeen close, even down to this generation. One of my daughter's, Elise 's closest\nfriends is one of Erwin's daughters. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1382.0,1412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're very, very close, which is kind of\ninteresting because you're talking now three generations . . . I don't know a\ngreat deal about the Don't Worry Club, I know that they were just boys club that\ngot together and did these activities. Through the years as they got married,\nthey had reunions. I've got pictures of them at reunions. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1412.0,1442.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They eventually began\nto die off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1442.0,1444.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How many years did it exist from when to when, do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1444.0,1449.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't know. I guess until they went off into business, I guess. I doubt\nif it existed into the 1920's very long, except that they used to have . . .\nthey began then to have reunions and stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1449.0,1464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: When did it start?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1464.0,1466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think it was 1907.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1466.0,1468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It was maybe 10 or 15 years at the most.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1468.0,1472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1472.0,1472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably closer to the 15 year . . . 10 years is likely. Boys grew up,\n1907 my father would have been 11.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1472.0,1480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: An 11 year old started the Don't Worry Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1480.0,1484.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That does sound . . . maybe it was 1909. Now that I think about it, I\nthink it was 1909. I'm sorry I misspoke. I think it's 1909 when they found it.\nIt was 1907 that the Progressive Club began, which began on my grandfather's\nfront porch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1484.0,1502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1502.0,1502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did the boys who . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1502.0,1504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That would make my father six and . . . in 1915. That would have\nbeen born and probably about the time they got in their early 20's, they began\nto do phase out . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1504.0,1516.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you know how many . . . classes of boys joined it? Did they go for\nseveral years that they took new groups in? Or was it just one group?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1516.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I have no idea. My guess is that they probably took a few new members in\nover the years and finally just died ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1525.0,1532.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"off. It wasn't like what we have now where they\nhad a professional staff and they have a program and all that stuff, it comes\nout. You guys just got together, as boys would.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1532.0,1544.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: They picked their own group. There were people they didn't let in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1544.0,1549.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Maybe, most of them lived in those days, the Jewish community was pretty\ntightly bound to a certain part of town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1549.0,1557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was this the Conservative Orthodox community or were there Reform boys\nin it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1557.0,1562.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1562.0,1562.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I doubt if they were Reform. They had their own community. The Temple at\nthat time was down in this area too, down on Pryor Street. In fact, it's a\nbuilding that still exists as a church. It's a very lovely building. The\nsynagogues down there, the Conservative synagogues, were just a few blocks from\nthere. The Reform community and the Orthodox or the Conservative community were\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1562.0,1592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pretty well mixed up in that whole Capitol Avenue, Washington Street, Pryor\nStreet area. Because I know that the Guffmans grew up down that way. The\nMaslias, who were Ashkenazi grew up on Atlanta Street . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1592.0,1606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No wait, the Maslias, they were Sephardic, weren't they?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1606.0,1610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I'm saying that the Jewish community was down there and there was .\n. . all synagogues were there, and all the families were mixed, were pretty well\ntightly grouped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1610.0,1622.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in there. I don't know how much exclusion that they would have\ngiven. They all knew one another growing up since they lived very close and they\nprobably went to the same elementary school, Crew Street. My father when to Crew\nStreet school there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1622.0,1636.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That would be off Brimley, or did they have their own little groups?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1636.0,1640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I just don't know. I don't know if the Reform group had a separate group\nor not . . . All I know is about the Don't Worry Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1640.0,1649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The Don't Worry Club ended up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1649.0,1651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Savannah, Chattanooga, and Atlanta, any\nother, Birmingham [Alabama]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1651.0,1655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, that was it, and I'm not sure how long the other groups lasted\neither. I don't know much about it. But again, I only mention this . . . because\nit could be that my father met my mother through that kind of channel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1655.0,1673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay. We'll go back to your father and mother meeting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1673.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1677.0,1678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We'll get back to them getting together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1678.0,1681.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1681.0,1681.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know her family . . . her parents, because I knew the Abelsons\nquite well . . . the Abelson men. She had brothers and sisters. A large family,\n11. My father was a family of nine. She was from a family of 11, so they were\nhuge families. A few of them died early in childhood, did not survive to adults.\nMy father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1681.0,1711.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lost two of his siblings, one of whom was buried, if not both are\nburied in Oakland Cemetery. If fact when they moved the graves over to\nGreenwood, where they are now, for some reason, they didn't move Sophie, who\ndied as a child. Sophie's grave is still at Oakland. The boy who died, whose\nname I don't quite remember right now, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1711.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've never found his grave. My father\ninsisted that he was in Oakland, but no one seems to be able to find his grave.\nBut my mother's family was primarily here, as well. That was the Abelson group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1741.0,1758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: They moved from Chattanooga to Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1758.0,1761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, they were . . . as adults. I can't tell you how they got to Atlanta,\nbut I know that all of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1761.0,1771.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my uncles, Abelson uncles, were here, but the Abelson\nwomen remained in Chattanooga. I cannot tell you why that occurred.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1771.0,1779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What did the uncles do here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1779.0,1782.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It hadn't even occurred to me before. Why is it that the men were here,\nand the women were up in . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1782.0,1791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . The women probably married people from Chattanooga, and the men\nmoved here for business opportunities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1791.0,1798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: A good answer, that's a good answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1798.0,1801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1801.0,1801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What business did they go into here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1801.0,1805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My uncle Jake Abelson ran a hotel downtown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1805.0,1810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What hotel?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1810.0,1812.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Jefferson Hotel, the base of which is in Underground. The\nsuperstructure has now been replaced, is a part of the Underground Atlanta. The\nsubstructure which is part of it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1812.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is at the 100 percent corner of Underground at\nAlabama and Central, I guess that is. In fact, there's a plaque to my uncle. My\nuncle Jake was a very famous boxer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1831.0,1846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Jake Abelson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1846.0,1847.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Jake Abelson. He fought under the name Jake Abel. He was the champion of\nhis division in the World War [I] Army . . . and then fought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1847.0,1861.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"professionally for\na few years in the 1920's under the name Jake Abel, fought some national\nfigures. There's a plaque in Underground Atlanta that . . . on the post right\nnext to the Jefferson Hotel to him. In fact, that's the only plaque that depicts\na person, all the other plaques on Underground are buildings. But that was the\none ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1861.0,1891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they were looking for historic references when they were putting\ntogether Underground. I told them about my uncle, my two uncles, because my\nuncle, Barney Bender, who my aunt Lena married . . . my mother's sister, my\nfather's sister. Lena, my father's sister. Aunt Lena married Barney Bender.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1891.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Lena Eplan Bender . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1915.0,1918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Bender. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1918.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He managed a hotel across the street from the Jefferson,\nwhich is also part of Underground now. If you go to that cross street on\nUnderground, the hotel's catty corner.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1920.0,1931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now what was the other hotel's name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1931.0,1934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Bentley.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1934.0,1935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Bentley.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1935.0,1936.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. The Jefferson and the Bentley. They sat next to each other\nat the railroad, right near the railroad station. My one uncle managed one, the\nother one managed the other, actually owned the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1936.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1950.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Jefferson was owned by the family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1950.0,1953.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They were managed by the family. My uncle did not own the hotel, he\nmanaged the hotel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1953.0,1960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay, but your other uncle owned . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1960.0,1964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . My uncle owned the Bentley Hotel, Uncle Barney Bender.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1964.0,1969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Is that B-E-N-D-E-R?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1969.0,1971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. The Bentley Hotel was the name of it. They had one daughter and\nshe's still alive, Dorothy. Aunt Lena died recently, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1971.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as did my aunt Rubye\nGoldstein, was Abe Goldstein's wife was Rubye. She died just a few years ago,\nboth of them in their 90's, well in their 90's. My father lived until he was\nalmost 88, with a month or two of 88.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1980.0,2001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You all have good genes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2001.0,2004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. I'm not sure I want to inherit quite that strong a gene. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2004.0,2011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the\ncommemorative services . . . Underground Atlanta people called me and said, \"Any\nthoughts about what we could put down here?\" I told them about my two uncles,\nand they put up a plaque down in Underground. That was my uncle Jake, he was in\nthe hotel business. My uncle Max Abelson was a salesman. He went around the\ncountryside selling, I think he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2011.0,2041.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sold buttons and pins and so forth. A few of\nthem had shops, pawn stores or things of this sort. My uncle Harry, he lived\nwith us for a while. He was in investments and so forth. But they relocated\nhere, and I cannot tell you why. But that's a very good answer, it's probably\nthat Atlanta ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2041.0,2071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a growing city and Chattanooga wasn't and that the women\nremained behind in Chattanooga when they got married. Anyhow, so . . . I really\nremember my father and his ties. He was so much a part of the community and so\nmuch . . . involved in the community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2071.0,2093.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did your father share his growing up time with you and tell you what\nlife was like? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2093.0,2101.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, we ask everyone this. Did he ever tell you about\nwhat happened with Leo Frank and those times?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2101.0,2108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh yes, he was probably one of the most quoted people around the Leo\nFrank case because he attended every session of court. He was sitting in the\ncourt and that he told me, his experience when he was very young was what\ninduced him to go into law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2108.0,2125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why did he go to all the court sessions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2125.0,2128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was just fascinated by it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2128.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He slipped out the house. It was very\ndangerous . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2130.0,2135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How old was he?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2135.0,2138.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: This is 1914, I think, 1913. He . . . would have been about 16.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2138.0,2144.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's pretty young to be sneaking to court.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2144.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Sixteen, 17 . . . but he was there, and he is . . . quoted in a lot of\nthe books on Leo Frank here because he . . . knew the judge ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2147.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he knew the\nprosecuting attorneys. [He] got to know them later on and remained close to the\ncase for many, many years. He did tell me a great deal about growing up,\nsnatches here and there. The entertainment things that they used to do. Where\nthey used to go on dates ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2190.0,2192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Like what? Tell me some. You told me about the Don't Worry Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2192.0,2197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: A lot of the activities centered on the [Jewish] Alliance Building, which\nwas down on Capitol Avenue, which was the building that became the Community\nCenter, when it moved to the north part of town. It was called the Jewish\nEducation Alliance, JEA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2197.0,2214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you know when that started about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2214.0,2217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I don't. I just knew it ended, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2217.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we moved to the north side of\ntown because by that time the Jewish community . . . when I was growing up,\nthat's where I played ball even though the Jewish community by that time,\npredominantly had moved to the north side of town. We still went down to the\nAlliance, because the synagogue, AA, was there too and the Progressive Club was\ndown on Pryor Street. The institutions remained on the south side until after\nWorld War II, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they began to get moved to the north side. The Alliance\nwas the central place for the Jewish community to convene all the meetings, all\nthe sports, all the weddings, all the receptions, everything took place at the\nJewish Educational Alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2250.0,2264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your father was at the same place you were actually, in his youth? It\nwas the same place. Is that what you're saying?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2264.0,2272.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm not sure it's the same place. What do you mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2272.0,2276.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The same location. In other words, you said he went to the Alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2276.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2280.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2280.0,2281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: To play ball, and you went to the Alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2281.0,2285.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Absolutely. Whether or not that same building existed . . . when he was\nyoung, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2285.0,2293.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But it was the same area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2293.0,2296.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I just remember when I was growing up that all the activities of Jewish\ncommunity, so much of Jewish community of the non-Reform community was centered\naround the Jewish Alliance. The Reform Jewish community had their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2296.0,2311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"own social and\ncultural institutions. They had The Temple; they had their own clubs. As I was\ngrowing up, they had a Top Hat Club. I was in AZA and Young Judea, they had the\nTop Hat Club, it was a social thing. They linked into a club in Birmingham, and\nthey used to have this same kind of interchange between events. The Top Hat Club\nhere and I forget what the name of the club ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2311.0,2341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was in Birmingham, but they used to\nhave events here and there. The one in Birmingham . . . it was a big . . . at\nChristmas time and was called Jubilee, and they used to go over there for that\nsocial. But all that grew out of their institution. When the Reform kids went\noff to college, they tended to go into a fraternity and the Conservative kids\nwent to another fraternity and they didn't mix. There was no mix. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2341.0,2371.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I knew almost\nnothing about The Temple and Temple crowd and almost no kids from The Temple.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2371.0,2378.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was the Reform and what was the non-Reform fraternities at Georgia?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2378.0,2384.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Reform was the . . . I'm sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2384.0,2388.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It will come to you later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2388.0,2391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: These are things that when we come back for another session, I will\n[know]. But . . . the two Conservative ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2391.0,2401.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"groups were the APEi [Alpha Epsilon Pi]\nand TEP [Tau Epsilon Phi]. There was no ZBT [Zeta Beta Tau].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2401.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Phi Ep [Phi Epsilon Pi].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2408.0,2410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Phi Ep, that's right. Good for you. Thank you. The Phi Ep was all the\nReform kids. You had a religious institution, The Temple. You had a youth club,\nand I think it was only for boys. It was the Top Hat Club. You had the\nfraternities, which was primarily Phi Epi was primarily ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2410.0,2431.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple. They had a\nwhole linkage system to serve the young people growing up in the Reform crowd\nthat was totally separate. There was a great amount of animosity in fact. My\ngrandfather, who was the spokesman pretty much for, one of the spokesmen for the\nAshkenazi community, and Rabbi [David] Marx were bitter enemies. There's stories\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2431.0,2461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of . . . their conflicts. My grandfather was very large and Rabbi Marx was very\nsmall. One time the story is that Rabbi Marx came into the Alliance and began to\narrange my grandfather, who was leading a meeting. My grandfather went down the\naisle picked up Rabbi Marx and escorted him out, and said, \"Do not come back\ninto this Alliance again.\" There was a lot of animosity. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2461.0,2491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Interesting enough . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2491.0,2493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Do you think it was Rabbi Marx's personality? I know it was there\nanyway, but that made it worse between the leadership of the rabbis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2493.0,2506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think that there was . . . somewhat of an embarrassment on the part of\nthe Reform community generally towards this . . . group of kind of nondescript\nimmigrants that came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2506.0,2521.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Eastern Europe. The Reform Jews who were here very\nearly 1840's, 1850's, when the Hasids' began to arrive and some of the early\nfamilies. By the time, it was this immigration of the Ashkenazi community . . .\nbecause of pogroms and so forth. Again, to flow in the United States in the\n1880's, 1890. The Reform Jews had become really successful business people and\nrespected in the community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2521.0,2551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some made it into the mainstream community, married,\nintermarried and so forth. Along came these people who claimed they were Jews. I\nthink they were . . . there's a huge amount of embarrassment. That . . . was a\nseparation that existed for decades. It existed through my years growing up in\nthe 1930's and 1940s. It still existed, the separation that I've talked about\nlater, about [the] separate institutions and so forth. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2551.0,2581.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We never mixed with The\nTemple. The few times I went to [The] Temple, I . . . totally felt like I was a\nforeigner there. There were occasions because we went to the same high school\nthat I knew some of the kids at The Temple, but very, very few. I never dated\nthe girls there because my high school was all Boys' High School. I knew some of\nthe boys, but I didn't know any of the girls . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2581.0,2611.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were totally separated.\nThat separation was reflected in Rabbi Marx, who . . . represented the community\nand retain that separation and the hostility, I guess that the Ashkenazi Jews\nfelt toward this other group of Jews that didn't claim them. But their conflicts\nwere legion, and when Leo Frank ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2611.0,2641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came along, Leo Frank being a member of The\nTemple group. It was a very, it became very strained again. The Ashkenazi group\nwho preferred to speak out . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2641.0,2656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Speak out for Leo Frank . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2656.0,2662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Against the antisemitism that rose during that period. It was\nvirulent antisemitism that came about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2662.0,2671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2671.0,2673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The Reform Jews didn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2673.0,2676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Reform Jews wanted to keep it quiet and not make waves. That's right.\nThere was a whole different reaction to Leo Frank in the community. That\ncontinued to characterize the Jewish community, split the Jewish community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2676.0,2701.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all\nthe way up until, finally it ended with the establishment state of Israel. I\nthink that's what finally brought Jewish community together so that there's no\nmore separation. It existed for a long time. We are talking about until the\n1950's. My grandfather, who was, as I say, had this great conflict as a\nspokesman for Ashkenazi community . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2701.0,2731.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had great hostility which I guess was\nreturned by Rabbi Marx.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2731.0,2736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did that ever debate?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2736.0,2738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't think so. I'm not aware of it. I don't know how we get here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2738.0,2746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's very interesting because I think your comments were very true\nfrom what I've heard from other people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2746.0,2755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: There's an interesting . . . My daughter, Elise, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2755.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as part of her honors\npaper. She went to Brandeis University, and she wrote an honors paper on the\nearly years of the Jewish community, and there's a copy of it at Emory in the\nJewish Archives that documents a lot of this, and she did a lot of research, a\nlot of interviews. It's a very interesting story of the early years of the\nJewish community in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2760.0,2788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I didn't know that. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2788.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll have to read that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2790.0,2791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I can lend you my copy if you're interested in reading it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2791.0,2795.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: All right and I'll bring it back next time. I would love to. That would\nbe very interesting. I'd like to go back again because we kind of stopped.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2795.0,2804.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2804.0,2805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No, we're getting it little by little and that's fine. That's one reason\nI'm taking notes, so I'll remember to go back. We got to Leo Frank because we\nwere talking about your father and his growing up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2805.0,2816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Ah, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2816.0,2817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We . . . talked about the Don't Worry Club, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2817.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but . . . you were talking\nabout some of the things they did for fun and what life was like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2820.0,2827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My father told me once and I remember it because we're doing the same\nthing now with our kids. We spent a lot of time in north Georgia and going up to\nnorth Georgia to the mountains and staying in state parks and everything. We've\nbeen doing that since the kids were born. My father used to tell me about going\nup to York House, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2827.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is right outside Clayton [Georgia]. They used to catch\nthe train up, and spend the weekend at this inn up there, which has now been\nreestablished as an inn, called the York House. It . . . had been out for many,\n50 years or something. But it's now been reestablished. But I remember my father\n[telling me] it was an all-day train trip up. I guess they left late Friday and\nused to come back on Sunday and so forth. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They used to go down, if you know\nwhere Sears on Ponce de Leon is. Across the street from Sears where . . .\nthere's a shopping center there which has gone out of business. It used to be .\n. . The Chinese Wall was there for a while. Do you remember that? Where the\ncaterer is, Affairs to Remember, where their building is. There's a big dip\nthere, that was a lake. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called Ponce de Leon Springs. There's a spring\nthat came out of the ground in the basement. It used to be down in the basement\nof the Sears building and used to feed this lake there. My father told me about\non the weekends, one of the things that they used to do is catch a trolley out\nto Peachtree where the Fox [Theater] is, where it ended. Then they used to walk\nor take carriages from the Fox all the way down to Ponce de Leon Springs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2910.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's what it was called.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2938.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2940.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes. Eventually it was drained. It became a stadium.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2940.0,2943.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I wonder what they did with the water. The water still got to be under\nthe ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2943.0,2949.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, they capped off the spring. It's capped off in the basement of the\nSears building . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2949.0,2956.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Which is now a city building . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2956.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . City Hall East. I was over there yesterday. They drained it and\nmade a stadium out of it. That became where ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2961.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the baseball team played and the\nhigh school . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2970.0,2973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . What baseball team?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2973.0,2975.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Atlanta Crackers was in the Triple A League. One of the best teams in\nTriple A, in fact . . . It was the Southern League, it's called . . . with\nBirmingham and Mobile [Alabama] and Chattanooga, Columbus [South Carolina], so\nforth, Macon [Georgia].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2975.0,2989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was the stadium called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2989.0,2991.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Atlanta . . . I think it was called the Atlanta Stadium, but we used\nto use it at high school. We had two high schools on the same campus, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2991.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where\nGrady is now. There were two high schools. One was Boys' High, and one was Tech\nHigh. There were four high schools, five high schools, in those days, five high\nschools. There was the College Preparatory High School, which was Boys' High.\nThere was the Technical School where . . . [interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3000.0,3023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: [This is] tape one [side two] with the interview of Leon Eplan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3023.0,3028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: You had Tech High, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3028.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was a technical school that trained you in\ndrafting and electrical engineering or whatever. Some people went to Georgia\nTech after that. Others just went into the fields and apprenticeship programs.\nYou had Girls' High, which eventually became Roosevelt High, and now has become\nan apartment house. Readapted to a beautiful apartment house recently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3030.0,3057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Where that located?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3057.0,3059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3059.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grant Park. That's where my sister went to school. Where my\nmother went . . . no . . . my mother . . . went to school in Chattanooga, but my\nsister [did]. That was Girls' High. There was Commercial High, which was right\ndowntown at City Hall, which if you wanted to become a secretary or do\ncommercial work and business and everything, you went there. Then there was one\nblack high school, Washington High, which was a comprehensive high school. The\nfirst comprehensive high school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it still exists, still in use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3090.0,3093.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Where is that located?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3093.0,3095.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's on Martin Luther King Drive. Over in, right on the other side of\nVine City and the Atlanta University complex. You had these five high schools.\nNow I forgot why I got into that tact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3095.0,3112.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We were back talking about your father and somehow, we got back into the schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3112.0,3119.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3119.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to Boys' High, as I did. Then went to Georgia Tech for a year.\nWent into the army, was stationed, he was very young . . .1914, he was 20 years\nold [note: he was actually 18 years old].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3120.0,3137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did he go into the army because of the war? He left school because . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3137.0,3145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . [In] 1916, we're in the war. He would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3145.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been 22 [note: he was\nactually 20 years old], I guess. Went for two years. He was stationed at Camp\nGordon, which at that time was out in Chamblee [Georgia], in [the] First World\nWar and became a regimental sergeant major at a very young age. He was really a\nquite leader. Came back out and then went to Emory Law School. He was in the\nfirst class of Emory Law School. There were five students, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three professors. One\nof which was Harold Hirsch, who was the famous lawyer that came up with a way to\nprotect the patent for Coca-Cola. There was Dr. Philip Weltner. Charlie Weltner,\nCharles Weltner, the judge's father, who was a good friend of mine. But Dr.\nWeltner, who became Chancellor of the University System and then became\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"president of Oglethorpe, was the second professor, and there was a third. They\nused to meet; the law school used to meet in Harold Hirsch office.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3210.0,3219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who were some of the others in his class?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3219.0,3223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't know. There were five people. In fact, they had all died when\nthey built the new law school in 1960. I think it was 1970.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3223.0,3233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your father was the only one alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3233.0,3236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Only one alive. He was the grand master at the inauguration. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3236.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I got a\npicture of him bedecked out in a marvelous cloak and gown kind of thing,\nleading. My father retained a very close relationship with Emory. I went there\nas well, but . . . I can go on with the history of my father. We talked about\nhis entertainment . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except for dances at the Alliance and [parties]. There\nwere no swimming pools, so people used to use lakes. When I was growing up, we\nused to find places to go on Sundays and drive out to the lakes on Sunday. But\nthere was a lake where . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Lindbergh Shopping Center is now. On the other\nside on Piedmont, there used to be a lake on the other side of that called\nMooney's Lake. A man named Mooney owned it, and we used to go swim there. There\nwas a lake at Greenbriar Shopping Center that was sitting on where a lake ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was,\ncalled Black Rock, and we use to go there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3330.0,3335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What a shame we've lost all these lakes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3335.0,3340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: When I was growing up, I went to Boy Scout Camp on a wonderful, wooded\nhill where Cumberland Mall is now. They took down the hill and built Cumberland\nMall on where the Bert Adams Boy Scout Camp was. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3340.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what people call\nprogress. We went swimming . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3360.0,3364.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Here we are buying up all that land downtown to build another\npark, possibly. It's a shame they'd gotten rid of all the things . . . the\ndifference in cost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3364.0,3377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: For a while there was a swimming pool on the Candler Estate on Briarcliff\nwhere the Georgia Mental Health Hospital is now right near where North Druid\nHill crosses . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3377.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the house is still there. It belonged to one of the\nCandler's. Candler's were Coca-Cola family. There were two estates, one is\nCallanwolde down the street, where the . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3390.0,3404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Callanwolde . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3404.0,3408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Callanwolde.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3408.0,3410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3410.0,3411.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That's a Candler home. Then where the Georgia Mental Health\nInstitution is, up the street ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3411.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was Callanwolde. Mr. Candler . . . used to be a\nswimming pool there. Mr. Candler used to allow the public to use his swimming\npools until one day he showed up and a little sign said, \"No Jews or dogs\nallowed.\" We stopped going there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3420.0,3439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: He put that sign there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3439.0,3442.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3442.0,3443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I didn't realize he was really antisemitic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3443.0,3446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, everybody was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3446.0,3448.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Everybody?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3448.0,3449.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, sure. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3449.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Antisemitism was fairly widespread. I don't mean it was very .\n. .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3450.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . It was that blatant where they put up a sign.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3455.0,3460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was on his property. I don't know . . . Jews were really kept in their\nplace . . . There weren't Jews in law firms. There weren't Jews in banks. There\nweren't Jews on any boards of any institution. There still aren't very many.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3460.0,3477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No, there're not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3477.0,3478.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: There's a reason for it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3478.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not that Jews aren't qualified . . .\nThere's a reason why Jews aren't present.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3480.0,3486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You think it's still pretty much exists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3486.0,3489.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Absolutely, there's a lot of it. There's a lot of resistance to inclusion\nof Jews. The social clubs, how many Jews are in the Piedmont Driving Club. Why\nis that and so forth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3489.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It's very interesting what . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3502.0,3505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . We accept it now, because we really don't care. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3505.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who wants to be a\nmember of the Piedmont Driving Club, but it still exists?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3510.0,3517.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It's interesting, my observation of Atlanta as a fairly newcomer, when I\ncame here, I was just, one, absolutely knocked over by the vibrancy of this\nJewish community. But I find it so much more insular, and the leaders are so\nmuch more involved in Jewish things rather than in just community things. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3517.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not\nthat there aren't people who are. That was much more so than the community we\nmoved from, which was Memphis [Tennessee], where the Jewish community is much\nmore involved in the life of the city things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3540.0,3554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think it's a matter of size. I think, I'm not trying to excuse that\nseparation because I think it's too bad. I happen to be part of a larger\ncommunity a lot more than the Jewish. I have a foot in both. But ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3554.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my time, my\nenergies are devoted to community causes rather than Jewish causes for the most\npart. I'm very well aware of it . . . I'm sorry that the Jews aren't connected\nmore to the larger community. But we could really use the talent and interest\nand commitments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3570.0,3588.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I know . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3588.0,3590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I have to say that as [the] community gets larger, Jewish community\ngets larger and larger, they tend then to turn inward because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3590.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are large\nenough to have their own institutions, own clubs, own activities and so forth.\nThey feel very comfortable and because the mothers and fathers want the young\nones to meet Jewish kids. There's a tendency to separate out. As you get into\nNew York . . . there's an enormous separation. I think it's a matter of size. My\nwife is from Mobile, Alabama, and the Jewish community is very involved with the\ntotal community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As you get smaller, why there's fewer of you, you can't afford\n. . . on the other hand, I think there's another reason that I feel that there\nis less of a feeling of threat when there are few. People feel less threatened\nby the Jewish community when there are only a handful of Jews, why should you\nfeel threatened. When Jews become much, much larger they . . . Jews tend to be a\nlittle more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"aggressive. A little more successful, a little more showy and so\nforth. Sometimes some people resent that, and they feel uncomfortable there, so\nthey begin to separate out themselves and it's becomes more and more Jews\naround. The same way with the black community. I think the same with the Chinese\ncommunity in San Francisco [California], you can go down and see a whole pattern of that\nexisting in communities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3660.0,3688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's an interesting theory. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3688.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although in a city the size of Memphis,\nthere were enough Jews to have fairly strong Jewish institutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3690.0,3698.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's a matter of degree, though, I am saying. If you had half that number\nof Jews, you've got fewer institutions, Jews would most likely be part of the\nmainstream institutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3698.0,3713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's an interesting theory. I never thought about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3713.0,3718.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: But anyhow, we were talking, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3718.0,3721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me think, we got on the subject because,\nI forget why.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3721.0,3727.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: My goodness and I didn't. We were talking about, the last note I made\nwas the rife between Reform and Orthodox. Now we're talking about the split\nbetween the Jewish community and the non-Jewish community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3727.0,3744.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I forget.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3744.0,3745.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, the \"No Jews or dogs\" on the sign at Candler house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3745.0,3751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3751.0,3751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's right. Atlanta was a Southern city and with a great patrician\ntradition. You had less of a middle class, then you would in a lot of other\ncommunities where you had a lot of immigrants coming in. We had very little. We\nwere insulated . . . The South is very insulated. We didn't have a lot of\nimmigration. People left the South. But they didn't come into the South . . .\nThe city is not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3751.0,3781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a coastal city, so we didn't have a lot of new people coming.\nYou had an old Southern style here what changed that, we don't have to go into\nall that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3781.0,3791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We will go into it when we get to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3791.0,3795.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . It was the whole change in the economy of Atlanta and what it\nbecame after World War II. But at the time I was growing up in the 1930's. It\nstill was the old South, and you still had an elite class ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3795.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"running things and\nthat excluded Jews. The Jews were separated in their own institutions and\nfortunately the city was large enough to have enough, minimum size that would\nsupport the Jewish institutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3810.0,3828.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Atlanta's always had a good sized Jewish community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3828.0,3833.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's not as large as some people think, quite frankly. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3833.0,3839.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Estimates of size\nof the Jewish community are greatly exaggerated, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3839.0,3843.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you think so here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3843.0,3845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. They talk about 70-80,000. It's nowhere near, my mind there's\nnowhere near that number of Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3845.0,3852.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Many are unaffiliated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3852.0,3853.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right, but we don't know how many and no one knows it. I was\ninvolved in trying to put together a Jewish census, and I looked at some other\ntechniques for doing that, other places have been use ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3853.0,3868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the national census\nthing. It's a guess, you go through the phone book, and you pick out Jewish\nnames . . . and you do a survey and find out how many of those people are\naffiliated or not. We know how many people are affiliated. We have a pretty good\nunderstanding of how many people affiliated in the Jewish community. It's the\nnonaffiliated, and the techniques you have for estimating the nonaffiliated.\nThere are ways of doing that since the U.S. census . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3868.0,3898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not allowed to make\nthat determination. You can go through a process of analysis. The survey that\nwas taken I think is flawed that they took a few years ago because I don't think\nit was very thoroughly researched to find out. People keep adding the number of\nJews to the community and no one really knows. I don't think we've done a good\njob of estimating it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3898.0,3928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not sure it's important. Who cares?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3928.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Jewish community seems to care because they're trying to gather them in.\n[They] don't want to lose them. If they're not affiliated and they're not living\nJewishly or they're not . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3931.0,3945.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's slightly different than what I was talking about, about how many.\nI think . . . if they want to go out and prohetize and . . . bring in the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3945.0,3958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"uninvolved Jews into the fold, they can do that without knowing how many there\nare out there. It's not necessary. I'm just saying . . . that I personally,\ninstinctively don't feel that there as many as people think. I think there's a\ntendency to exaggerate the number somewhat, but I don't know, frankly. I don't\nthink other people know, but the difference between me and other people is I\ndon't think it matters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3958.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But my thought is even back ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3985.0,3988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the early days, there were more here than\nin most of the Southern cities which accounts for your theory about why. Aside\nfrom prejudice, I am just amazed with that sign because . . . that just amazes me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3988.0,4003.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: [After] Leo Frank, the Jews stayed home. They hid under the covers . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4003.0,4009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . I understand that during Leo Frank, but when you were swimming, it\nwas much past that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4009.0,4016.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Still . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4016.0,4018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had a comment not so long ago, a year or two ago, three\nyears ago, by Mr. Bray who was . . . I'll give you an example, Sam Massell may\nhave mentioned it, if you interviewed him about when he were running for\nreelection as mayor or when he was running for mayor, not reelection, when he\nwas running for mayor, the business community put up Rodney Cook against him. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4018.0,4048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nknow Rodney quite well, nice guy. Toward the end of it, Sam Massell said . . .\nthat, \"The business community doesn't want me in office, like they don't want me\nin their clubs. That's because I am Jewish.\" He really made it . . . a Jewish,\nnon-Jewish thing. He lashed out. It shocked everybody, because no one ever\ntalked about it. It was true, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4048.0,4078.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but no one ever spoke of it. But they tried to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4078.0,4084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But obviously that got him the black votes that got him elected.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4084.0,4091.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Helped a great deal, that's right. But no one speaks about these things.\nIt's only been very recent that Jews have been in law firms and in banks and in\ninsurance companies and that type of thing. When I was at Emory, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4091.0,4109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had a quota.\nWhen I was at Emory there was a quota of how many Jews could get into medical\nschool. We all knew that there were three Jews that were allowed in, sometimes\nthey allowed two, sometimes they allowed four, but never anymore. It was usually\nabout three. The dental school got one Jew and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4109.0,4128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But during those years there were quotas at the Ivy League schools\ntoo, weren't there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4128.0,4134.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't think Atlanta was different. I don't think Atlanta is different\nnow. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4134.0,4139.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the American . . . way. But I'm saying in Atlanta there were . . .\nquotas and there [were] restrictions all over the place and that type of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4139.0,4156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Still?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4156.0,4157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Probably to some institution . . . it'd be hard pressed to mention in the\ngroups that I work with, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4157.0,4169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are the movers and shakers of Atlanta, there are\nvirtually no Jews. I'd have to think about that. I'd have to sit and think of\nhow many Jews there are in the Action Forum, which is the interracial group that\nseems to do things. But just generally . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4169.0,4189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Maybe for our next interview you can think about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4189.0,4194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I've really . . . never have sat down to think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4194.0,4199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the other Jews around.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4199.0,4201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But obviously you've noticed that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4201.0,4203.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I don't notice it. I'm saying that . . . I haven't thought about it\nbecause I hadn't really . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4203.0,4211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . The first comment you made to me was that \"I'm involved in a lot\nof things that aren't Jewish.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4211.0,4219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I am talking about the greater community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4219.0,4222.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right, in the greater community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4222.0,4224.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I'm involved with helping to run the city. I'm involved with the\nOlympics. I am involved with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4224.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"non-Jewish activities that's all I was saying.\nRather than the Federation or synagogue or youth groups or things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4230.0,4240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But your father was very involved in the Jewish community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4240.0,4245.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Very, very involved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4245.0,4247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was he involved outside the Jewish community at all?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4247.0,4252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, for a number of years. Ivan Allen, the mayor, appointed him as the\nhead ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4252.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of funds review board. They decided that they were consolidating all\nfundraising in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4260.0,4266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's like United Way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4266.0,4268.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's like United Way, though, United Way is the agency that administers\nthe programs. This was the fundraising program. They . . . wanted to keep\neverybody from going off and raising money individually. They wanted a united\ncampaign. They established a fund review board ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4268.0,4289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to authorize people to raise\nmoney through. Either by themselves, but preferably through a joint system. For\n15 years, my father was chairman of that group. My father was head of the chief\nmoney raising activities. It was a golf . . . My father was a big golfing\nperson. Nothing stood between him and playing golf. Wednesday afternoon and. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4289.0,4317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4317.0,4319.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where did he play?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4319.0,4321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Around the municipal [courses] here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4321.0,4324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: He was never in a club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4324.0,4327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. The Progressive Club was his club. He was the attorney there for\n40 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4327.0,4335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It had a golf course?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4335.0,4338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I'm sorry. There was no Jewish golf course until the Standard Club built theirs.\nThat was the first course that belonged to a Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4338.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4350.0,4351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did he join there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4351.0,4353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, that was a Reform institution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4353.0,4356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: He couldn't get into that any more than he could get into the Capital\nCity Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4356.0,4363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I think that he . . . No, I suspect that he could . . . be a member\nof the Standard Club. But the Standard Club was, I mentioned, the institutions\nthat belonged to the Reform for kids, for adults . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4363.0,4381.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was the Standard Club\nwas their club, just like the Progressive Club. There was another club a number\nof years ago called Mayfair Club . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4381.0,4388.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Would they have let your father in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4388.0,4391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4391.0,4392.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Because he was Jewish, but . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4392.0,4394.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Because he would have friends to nominate him, sure. My father was\na well-known person, and he would have had people in the Standard Club that he\nwould have known. They would have been very pleased to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4394.0,4405.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . .The Standard Club didn't keep out non-Reform people . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4405.0,4408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . No, and you could've gotten into Temple . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4408.0,4411.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not that they\nwere exclusion. I'm just saying that they were . . . predominantly Reform\ninstitutions. Same way the Progressive Club, and for briefly the Mayfair Club .\n. .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4411.0,4420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Your father didn't want to join, because he wasn't comfortable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4420.0,4424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He belonged to his own position; he had the Progressive Club. My\ngrandfather founded the Progressive Club. My father was the . . . attorney there\nfor 40 years . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4424.0,4433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But it didn't have a golf course and he loved golf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4433.0,4437.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: But we have some of the best municipal courses in the country. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4437.0,4441.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was\nno reason for him to join for that purpose. My father was not a well-to-do man .\n. . he wouldn't join just to play golf. You play golf as a social thing as well,\nand so therefore he would have had to find people that he wanted to play golf\nevery Saturday with . . . but my father, I forgot how we got on to this, but my\nfather, I was talking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4441.0,4471.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about some of the institution that my father was involved\nwith it. He was the attorney for the Progressive Club. He found them the\nproperty that they were on. He . . . did a lot of legal work for some 40 years\nfor the Ahavath Achim synagogue, and he was an officer for many years there. He\nfound them the property. He found the property; originally, they were on Tenth\nStreet ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4471.0,4501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where . . . the Union Hall at Tenth and Peachtree, Tenth and Piedmont. He\nfound that property for them. He also found the property over where the AA is\nnow for them, for the AA. He worked for the Jewish Home, which my grandmother\nwas one of the founders of. My father did an awful lot of community service for\norganizations. There's a huge list of organizations. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4501.0,4531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He founded the fraternity\nAPEi at Emory. He founded the APEi fraternity at Georgia Tech and eventually was\nhonored by that organization for community service . . . But he also served a\ngreat deal in the mainstream community. When Ellis Arnall ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4531.0,4561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was governor, he was a\nfriend of my dad's, and my dad wrote the veterans legislation for Ellis Arnall .\n. . when returning veterans came in. He wrote all the veteran legislation that\nwent to the General Assembly for Ellis Arnall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4561.0,4578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: This is after World War II.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4578.0,4581.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Ellis Arnall was the governor, first governor after World War II. He was\nprobably the greatest governor that Georgia's had in a century, very liberal.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4581.0,4591.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You don't know Ellis Arnall, I can tell by your facial expression.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4591.0,4595.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No, I know who he is. I know . . . his law firm . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4595.0,4601.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Ellis Arnall is considered a great governor of our time. He was the\none who wrote the new constitution. He was the one who got rid of the county\nunit system. He was the one got rid of the [railroad] freight rates. He was the\none that lowered the [voting] age to 18. This man is legendary, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4601.0,4621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the great\nhuman beings that we produced. [He was a] good friend of my father's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4621.0,4627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did they get to be friends? They weren't in the same law firm . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4627.0,4634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Through the legal process. His law partner was Jewish . . . Golden,\nSol Golden. My father and Sol Golden were good friends. It was Arnall Golden and\nGregory. Sol Golden and my father were good buddies. I guess he probably knew\nEllis through ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4634.0,4651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sol Golden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4651.0,4652.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Sol Golden was Reform, wasn't he?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4652.0,4655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't know. I have no idea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4655.0,4658.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Their children are so I'm just assuming that, in fact, they do belong to\nTemple. Obviously, there wasn't a split in that friendship. Was that a business\n. . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4658.0,4669.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, no. My father had many friends who were Reform. I'm just saying that\nthere was a separation of the group. That didn't mean the people didn't know\neach other or do some socializing. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4669.0,4682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But for the most part, communities were split\nright down the center. Then you had the third group, which was the Ashkenazi\nJews, were separated to. They had their own synagogue. They had their own clubs.\nThey had their own youth groups, their own . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4682.0,4698.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . You mean the Sephardic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4698.0,4701.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Sephardic. What did I say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4701.0,4703.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Ashkenazi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4703.0,4704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I meant the Sephardic. These were separate institutions. It doesn't\nmean that they didn't know one another. I knew Vic Maslia growing up, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4704.0,4713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he's a\nfriend of mine. But when I went to boys clubs, Vic was in my group, I was a\nmember of the AZA . . . That was a Conservative group. It wasn't any Temple\ngroup in the AZA and there was no . . . there were absolutely none in Young\nJudea because Rabbi Marx was a national leader in the anti-Zionist movement . .\n. It was Jewish American Council . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4713.0,4743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Council . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4743.0,4745.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right, I know what you mean. The Council of . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4745.0,4750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . He was one of the great leaders in America. If fact he held onto\nthe very end . . . when Israel was founded and everyone said, \"Okay, we give in.\nYou said Israel been founded and so let's come together.\" Rabbi Marx never gave\nin. That was what separated a lot, my grandfather from Rabbi Marx. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4750.0,4773.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father was\na very strong Zionist leader. He was the head of the Zionist district for this\npart of the South in 1922, and then was reelected when the State of Israel was\nformed in 1948. Raised a lot of money . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4773.0,4791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did you know Adalbert and Miriam Freedman? He was with ZOA [Zionist\nOrganization of America]. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4791.0,4798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4798.0,4801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: They were members of Temple, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4801.0,4803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that was his profession. He was the . .\n. and she had interesting stories to tell about Rabbi Marx and her running for\nSisterhood president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4803.0,4814.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: During the 1948 war, my father ran guns, virtually. He was . . . one of\nthe group who got guns through South America over to Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4814.0,4825.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your father?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4825.0,4826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. He didn't personally do it, but he made all the arrangements . . .\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4826.0,4833.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to arm the Israelis because there was an embargo by the British . . . [that]\nwouldn't allow the Jews to arm. He had to smuggle in arms in some way. It went\nthrough, so there was a big movement in this country to get arms in. My father\nwas part of that whole system . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4833.0,4853.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How did he get involved in that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4853.0,4857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was a very strong Zionist, very, very strong Zionist. He was in the\n1920's, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4857.0,4863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when he was very young, he went around the countryside talking about the\nneed to raise money for the Jews who had been displaced after World War I and\nthe need to raise funds. He went to churches all over the South. They raised a\nlot of money . . . I don't know where they are now, but I gave some articles\nthat my mother had saved on that, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4863.0,4893.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about my father's activities during the early\n1920's around the South. It was the newspaper articles about it, and how he was\nraising monies for displaced Jews of Europe and there was no place for them to\ngo. A lot of them went to Palestine at that time. That was one of the olly odds\nthat occurred in the 1920's. But my father was attached to Israel from the very\nbeginning, almost . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4893.0,4918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Had he gone there? Did he go visit there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4918.0,4922.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Not until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4922.0,4923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the state was formed. He visited; I forget what year. I\nknow he went with my stepmother, my mother died, and my father remarried. I know\nhe and my stepmother went there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4923.0,4942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: When did your mother die?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4942.0,4946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was about 1969, 1970.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4946.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Then your father remarried?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4950.0,4953.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4953.0,4954.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Within the year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4954.0,4955.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who did he marry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4955.0,4957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He married a woman from St. Louis [Missouri] that he heard about. He was\nliving in my house. I have an apartment upstairs and he was living in my\napartment. His dear friend here, a businessman here who was in the Catskills on\nvacation and ended up playing cards with a woman. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4957.0,4983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He came back and sent regards.\nThat was the mother . . . My sister had gone to the University of Missouri and\nwas very seriously pinned and semi-engaged to a fellow named Arnie Powell. In\nfact, Arnie came here with the intention that they'd probably get married. It\njust kind of broke off and he went, Arnie went out off his way but they kept in\ncontact with . . . This friend of my father's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4983.0,5013.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ended up playing cards with this\nwoman. It turned out to be Arnie's mother from St. Louis. She was vacationing in\nthe Catskills. He sent word to my sister saying, \"Say hello and Arnie's doing\nfine. I'm doing fine.\" He was a widow, widower. My sister . . . called her\nex-roommate, who lived in St. Louis and said, \"What is Mrs. Powell doing?\" She\nsaid, \"She's working in a clothing store.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5013.0,5043.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her husband died about ten years ago.\nShe mentioned this to my father. My father had been a [widower] for about, I\ndon't know about eight months, maybe. My father immediately said, I'll never\nforget this, \"I'd like to meet her.\" A mention was made. My father went out\nthere and spent a weekend out there and met. . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5043.0,5073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Actually, he had met her years\nago and when my sister was dating her . . . son. But this was years, we're\ntalking about 1970 [so it was] 25, 30 years later and came back and we were\nhaving dinner. I asked my father, he ate with us at night, and I asked him, how\nwas his weekend. [He said,] \"Very nice.\" [I asked,] \"How was Mrs. Powell.\" [He\nsaid,] \"A lovely lady.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5073.0,5103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My wife says, \"Well, sometime maybe she'd like to . . .\nMaybe you'd like to invite her to Atlanta.\" My father says, \"How about next\nweek?\" [I said,] \"That's kind of quick\" . . . We made the arrangements. She came\nhere and . . . they married. When she went home, he says, \"I think we're going\nto get married\" . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5103.0,5133.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said to my father, \"Don't you want to wait and just\nsee?\" He says, \"My age,\" he was 72. He said, \"I'm not going to wait around.\"\nThey got married within the year, even though Jewish law suggested you wait a\nyear. My father was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5133.0,5149.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . I think its 11 months though.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5149.0,5152.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Something like that. But within the year they were married, and she moved\nhere. She had been a widow for 12 years, I think. Worked in, settled in, lived\nvirtually all her life ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5152.0,5163.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in St. Louis. Didn't know anybody here, anything. Moved\nhere and they had a wonderful, wonderful life. They were married 15 years, and\nthey could not . . . It couldn't have been more fortunate reunion. It prolonged\nmy father's life, I'm sure. My father had this wonderful marriage to a woman he\nwas enormously, but who had Alzheimer's, and [she] just drifted. He was a very\ndevoted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5163.0,5193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person. She was in the Jewish Home, and that's when he moved here. He\nwent by there every morning, every evening. Fed her breakfast, fed her dinner.\nAs she faded away, it was terrible because she was such a bright and energetic .\n. . She was my father's secretary for 25 years. I forgot to mention that. She\nwas his legal secretary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5193.0,5219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: His first wife?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5219.0,5221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, my mother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5221.0,5223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5223.0,5223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't get to your father and, we did get to their meeting . . .\nWe're going to run out of tape in a little bit, and then I'll review it and I'll\nmake notes of what I've missed . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5223.0,5233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I really jumped around . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5233.0,5236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . That's all right, this is wonderful . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5236.0,5239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . But she worked downtown. I was raised by a nurse . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5239.0,5243.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . It was your grandmother who grew up in Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5243.0,5246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My mother grew up in Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5246.0,5248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your mother grew up . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5248.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . In Chattanooga. But when they got married, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5250.0,5253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"obviously, she moved here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5253.0,5254.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: She was this legal secretary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5254.0,5256.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She started working in his office. She was his legal secretary for 25\nyears and worked downtown in his office at Five Points. His office was in the\nWilliam Oliver Building at Five Points on the second floor for many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5256.0,5271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: She was a working mom?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5271.0,5273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. I was raised by a nurse for the most part, never learned to cook. My\nmother was a terrible cook, but worked out of the house. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5273.0,5283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I . . . really was\nraised by a nurse who lived with us from the time I was three . . . We moved\nback to Atlanta when I was three, and she came with us and was with us until I\nwas about 13. Stella Armstrong ended up in a . . . public housing . . . But [my\nmother] died I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5283.0,5313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she died in 1969. I'm almost sure that was the date. I feel\nbadly I don't remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5313.0,5320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How long did she suffer, obviously with Alzheimer's?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5320.0,5324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She drifted . . . It became obvious as much as ten years earlier but for\nthe last three years she lived in the Jewish Home . . . My father could no\nlonger manage her. They lived over on Briarcliff in what is known as the Soloway\nApartments. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5324.0,5344.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eventually, she . . . kept getting out of the house and it became difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5344.0,5350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now, was your father working? How long did he keep working?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5350.0,5355.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He worked until he was into his 80's. He . . . practiced law for 53 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5355.0,5362.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did he have his own firm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5362.0,5365.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He associated offices. He shared office space with people, but he never\nhad . . . He had one partner at the very beginning ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5365.0,5375.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of his practice. That man,\nthey were partners for about a year and then the man became the city attorney.\nHe wasn't Jewish. Savage was his name . . . But my father never had another. But\nhe always shared offices with various people, still around town, people who are\nstill around town . . . who told me a lot about a father and that type of thing.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5375.0,5405.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father was a very generous person, never made much money, but he always had\npoor people in his office, always had black people in his office, always\nrepresented. He was always getting calls in the middle of the night to come down\nand bail out somebody. Always was the father figure for young boys who got in\ntrouble. Always had boys around him, who he took to ball games and got out of\ntrouble and found jobs for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5405.0,5435.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and everything. My father did so much work for\npeople. I can't begin to tell you the number of babies he found for mothers\nthrough the baby market. People still stop . . . me on the street and tell me\nabout the people that he got mortgages for. They couldn't get mortgages on their\nhomes. He helped them arrange mortgages. None of whom ever paid any money to\nhim, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5435.0,5465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm afraid. My mother never wanted me to go into the law, as a result\nbecause there's no money in law, she said. Of course, she only knew my father's\npractice. He never made any money because he was always in community work,\nalways doing this public service stuff or doing some humanitarian work. But I .\n. . began to know a lot more about the black community through what his law\npractice was all about. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5465.0,5495.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5495.0,5497.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Was it unusual to have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5497.0,5501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. Blacks had no entree to law, the lawyers. There were very few\nblack lawyers in those days. It was very difficult for blacks to be represented\nand certainly to be well represented to someone who feels deserve to. But my\nfather had, he didn't have, I'm not aware of any close friends that he had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5501.0,5525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who\nwere black. I never knew of blacks entering into our home on an equal basis. It\njust wasn't done. It was against the law to associate . . . publicly with\nblacks. There was no places you could go publicly. You couldn't have lunch with\nanybody that was black. The one place that began to in a clandestine way to\nallow blacks to have social events with whites was the Progressive Club. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5525.0,5555.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Since\n[William] Hartsfield was a very close friend . . . My dad was very close friend\nwith Hartsfield, and he was very much the lawyer at the Progressive Club, and so\nthere was always integrated meetings at the Progressive Club. That's where black\nand white could sit down and eat together. Whenever there were conventions here\nand with black and white conventions, mixed race conventions and other parts of\nthe county wanted to come to Atlanta, very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5555.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often they met at the Progressive\nClub. The police chief used to turn an eye because it was against state law to\ndo it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5585.0,5594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was that a policy that people of the Progressive Club consciously made?\nDid your father ever tell you about that or did it just [happen]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5594.0,5604.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was, I'm sure it had to be conscious because they were breaking law of\nassembly. It was against Georgia law for blacks and whites to assemble in public\nplaces ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5604.0,5615.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as an public organizations . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5615.0,5619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . The Progressive [Club wasn't] a public place. It was a private\nclub that's probably how they got around it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5619.0,5628.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't think that was a distinction that was made . . . but my father\nalways had a very tolerant attitude, which I'm very grateful for, because I\nassume that's where I actually got what feelings I've had from his life. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5628.0,5645.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was\na enormously respected person for his integrity and for his judgment. Everyone\nalways felt he should have been a judge because of his temperament. It was just,\npeople came to him for disputes or groups came to him to help work out disputes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5645.0,5666.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How come he never was a judge?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5666.0,5670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think he was really never offered a good judgeship. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5670.0,5675.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think he could\nhave been a municipal judge at any time, but I think he was really . . . never .\n. . offered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5675.0,5683.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Because he certainly had political connections.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5683.0,5685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm not sure there were any Jewish judges. I don't know that for a fact,\nbut there were very few Jews in the General Assembly. It's only been recently\nbeginning [to have] Jews in the General Assembly. Elliott Levitas was one of the\nfirst. They had had a few. There was a guy in Brunswick [Georgia], Saul . . .\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5685.0,5704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forget his last name, was in the General Assembly, but there were very, very\nfew. Now there is quite a number. Cathey Steinberg is a prominent person when\nshe was there. There's Ron Slotin and a lot of other people who are coming up.\nThe Jewish just weren't in public life at all, and it was really a separation. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5704.0,5734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nassume that my father was really never offered it, and I'm not sure he pursued\nit with a great vigor. But . . . that was his temperament. He was an incredibly\nhighly regarded human being, and he was a wonderful model for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5734.0,5754.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was your relationship growing up? Did you spend a lot of time with him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5754.0,5761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Not really. But I guess ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5761.0,5764.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every child feels that about their parents. I'm\nsure my children feel the same way about me. We lived a very busy life in\ncommunity service. I resented, I swore I would never get into community service\nbecause I was resentful that my father was out every night as some community\nservice type of thing and my mother was away. My relationship with my parents, I\ndon't think were enormously close. It certainly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5764.0,5794.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was far distance from where . .\n. what my relationship with my children are. But of course, this is a different\nera, and relationship with parents and children have changed. But it was clearly\nthat they weren't anywhere near as close.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5794.0,5812.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Then he was taking these other children to the ball games. Did he take\nyou with them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5812.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Sometimes. He took a lot more than me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5820.0,5824.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I went to ball games with my\ndad. We used to sit out in the Crackers Stadium . . . on Sundays. He was a good\nathlete . . . I think he played semi-pro ball for a while, baseball and . . .\ncompeted nationally in contests in handball. He was a real good handball player.\nThat was in those days when you used your hand, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5824.0,5854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you didn't use your racquet. But\nthe Progressive Club when it was on Pryor Street, they had . . . athletic teams,\nand their basketball team . . . played in leagues all over the South. The\nProgressive Club basketball team was well-known, and they were part of leagues.\nThere were contests . . . in all sorts of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5854.0,5884.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other sports including pool, they had\npool tables there and slot machines. They competed, the Progressive Club was a\nway that young Jewish boys were able to compete athletically apart from the\nschools and leagues, once they got beyond schools. That's how they played\nbaseball and that type of thing around. Again, once the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5884.0,5914.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"youth clubs came along,\nwhy that replaced a lot of the things that the club used to be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5914.0,5923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why did the Progressive club die? Why did it end?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5923.0,5929.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Clubs are really an anachronism. There are just too many ways that people\nentertain themselves. There are too many other choices for people. It just a lot\nof people who ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5929.0,5945.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just don't have a . . . But if you want to play tennis there's\nplenty of tennis courts. If you want to have a party, there's plenty of choices\nwhere to have a party. In those days, there weren't a lot of choices. There\nweren't restaurants in Atlanta. You can name on one hand when I was growing up\nthe number of restaurants there were. You didn't go out to eat the way we do\nnow. The whole culture has changed. It's much more family centered now. Men went\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5945.0,5975.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Progressive Club, women didn't . . . Women had some activities, but even\nwhen we moved over to Tenth Street. The Progressive Club moved to Tenth Street\nin 1940, 1941, the second floor where the card games, card group was, the women\nwere off limits to prohibit the women. This was a men's club in which women came\nin. The original Progressive Club had a tiny little dining room. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5975.0,6005.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After the war,\nwe became much more family involved and much more outward. They had to enclose\nthe entire . . . outside patio in order to create a dining room because the\nthought of building a dining room really didn't enter their head when they\ndesigned the Progressive Club in 1939, 1940. It wasn't the idea that people were\ngoing to come there with their families to eat. You didn't do things like that.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6005.0,6035.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think there's a wide recognition of the social change that has occurred\nin our families since World War II, but we've totally changed our relationships.\nWe are much more . . . have a community. We do things together a lot more. We\nhave a lot more leisure time. There wasn't a lot of leisure time then. Men\nworked all day Saturday or most of the day on Saturdays. Women were in the\nhomes. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6035.0,6065.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now we know few people work except for a few hours here and there on\nSaturdays. They take off for a few weeks here and there, they're far more independent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6065.0,6076.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Tell me, how did your family celebrate the religious holidays? How did\nyou express religion in your home?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6076.0,6083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: One of the problems we had was we lived on the north side and the\nsynagogue remained on the south side until they built the AA on Northside Drive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6083.0,6094.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6094.0,6094.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where did you live at that point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6094.0,6096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: We lived in Midtown. We moved . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6096.0,6100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No, I'm talking about when you were growing up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6100.0,6104.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm talking about when I was growing up. I grew up in Midtown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6104.0,6109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6109.0,6110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: On Ninth Street. First . . . for about six months when we moved into a\nhouse on Mentelle Drive in Midtown off of Durant Place and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6110.0,6121.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How do you spell Mentelle?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6121.0,6124.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: M-E-N-T-E-L-L-E. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6124.0,6125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we moved more permanently up to Ninth Street near Argone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6125.0,6132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Today is December 11, 1993. This is Ray Ann Kremer interviewing Leon\nEplan at his home for the National Council of Jewish Women, the American Jewish\nCommittee, and the Atlanta Jewish Federation. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6132.0,6155.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is tape two, side one. At the\nend of our last interview, we were beginning to touch on your life. What I'd\nlike to do is go back to your earliest memories. I'm sure you don't remember\nJacksonville or the little time you spent there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6155.0,6174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, not really.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6174.0,6176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What do you first remember about Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6176.0,6179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I was only three when we moved back. I was born . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6179.0,6185.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on November 24,\n1928, and we moved back in 1931 to Atlanta. We moved in very briefly for well,\nwe actually were housed in the Jefferson Hotel, which my uncle ran downtown.\nIt's where Underground Atlanta is now. In fact, the 100 percent ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6185.0,6215.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"corner and\nUnderground is the base of two hotels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6215.0,6218.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right. I think you gave me that information . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6218.0,6223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . One was the Jefferson. We moved . . . I remember one of my first\nmemories was living in the hotel, probably we didn't live there more than a\nmonth, if that much. But it was very vivid. I remember them delivering cereal in\na small box like we have now, which is very common, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6223.0,6245.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but eating in the room. Then\nwe moved in with my . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6245.0,6250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . While were we talking about that. You were living in downtown\nAtlanta. Really?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6250.0,6256.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6256.0,6257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was downtown Atlanta like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6257.0,6259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, I have no idea. I was only three years old. But I've always lived\nwithin a few miles of downtown Atlanta, I've never lived anywhere else. As long\nas I have lived in Atlanta. I've lived briefly here and there in other cities.\nBut I've always lived within ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6259.0,6276.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two, two and a half miles of Five Points. We moved\nalmost immediately. It could have been very, just a few weeks' time we lived in\nJefferson and then we moved in with my grandmother. Again, I don't even remember\nthis moment . . . My grandfather had a house. [He] owned an apartment house at\nthe corner of Washington Street and Bass Street. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6276.0,6306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's now a big parking lot that\nserves the Atlanta stadium. But it's where the new stadium is going to be. It's\ngoing to be approximately, frankly, where the third base of the new Olympic\nstadium will be . . . My grandmother . . . lived there. My grandfather had\npassed on in 1922. This was then 1931 or 1932, and so my grandmother . . . then\nI had an aunt and an uncle who was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6306.0,6336.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also in another apartment in that building,\nthere's about eight units all together. But we lived there very briefly, perhaps\na few months. Then we moved into our first house, and that first house was over\nin Midtown. It was on Mentelle Drive . . . [phone ringing, interview pauses and\nresumes] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6336.0,6366.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mentelle Drive is in Midtown, that's M-E- N-T-E-L-L-E, off of Durant\nPlace, which is off of Charles Allen Drive. In those days it was known as\nParkway Drive. But it's still there, in fact it's a very nice street. Now . . .\na lot of the young people moved into this neighborhood. The house is no longer\nthere. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6366.0,6396.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The house on the corner, there was one house on the corner. The house on\nthe corner was eventually, back in the 1970's, bought by an architect friend of\nmine, Henri Jova, Jova/Daniels/Busby. Henri tore down the house in order to\nbuild another larger house behind it. I've always told Henry that he needed to\nput a historical marker on that spot, but he never did. We lived in Mentelle\nDrive for a brief period, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6396.0,6426.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably no more than a year or two. We lived next to\nthe Gershons, Herb Gershon and Phyllis Gershon, who's now married to Joe Arnold,\nwho's my doctor, and my close friend.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6426.0,6446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Arnold?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6446.0,6447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: A-R-N-O-L-D. Yes. That goes back into the early 1930's. I'm not sure if\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6447.0,6456.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Phyllis was even born at that time. I don't even quite remember. I do remember,\nI have a very vague memory of just a couple of moments . . . living there, I\nremember a tree I used to climb, and I remember the streets. One of the problems\nis that we moved to another part of the same neighborhood, so it kind of blurs\nwhat I remember from living on Mentelle Drive to where we actually ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6456.0,6486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moved in for\nseveral years up on Ninth Street, four doors to the east of Argonne Avenue. I\nlived there for several years, that was a duplex and that's where I really began\nto remember things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6486.0,6501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How old were you at that point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6501.0,6504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I must have been somewhere . . . about five years old or so. It was those\nnext several years, maybe the next five years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6504.0,6515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we lived on Ninth Street that\nI began to form memories because I went to elementary school. I had . . . lived\non Mentelle Drive, there was a kindergarten. Atlanta . . . was one of the few\ncities in the South that had public kindergartens, and there was a kindergarten\nat Inman School. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6515.0,6545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S. M. Inman School, which is now a middle school. But until\nvery recently it was an elementary school. I still have a picture of myself with\nthe class picture as a kid in kindergarten at Inman School. But when I went to\nthe first grade and we moved to Ninth Street, which is a five minutes' walk from\nwhere Mentelle is, I entered the first grade at Tenth Street School. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6545.0,6575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tenth\nStreet School was located on Tenth Street between Juniper and Piedmont Avenue on\nthe south side of the street, there's a fire station there now. It eventually\nburned down after it had been abandoned . . . one New Years Eve . . . it burned\ndown. But I spent all my elementary school years there. I said we lived on Ninth\nStreet for about five years, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6575.0,6605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's not probably so. It was probably close to\nseven. Then we moved over to the Virginia-Highland area. But I remember so well\ngrowing up on Ninth Street. It was a wonderful neighborhood. It was right near\nPiedmont Park, and I spent a lot of my youth in Piedmont Park and knew every\ninch of it. It's so interesting now because we're about to do a master plan for\nPiedmont Park ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6605.0,6635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to upgrade it in time for the Olympics. I know every inch of the\npark . . . This is a very famous park, maybe the most historic place in the\ncity. All sorts of historic events occurred throughout the history of Atlanta,\nstarting with its birth as the site of the Cotton State International Exposition\nof 1895. It became a park ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6635.0,6665.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the city around 1904, it was a farmhouse, a farm\nand a racetrack at the time. It became a city park. But I grew up in that park\nduring the 1930's and as a boy, I was not a passive boy we will say, I was\nalways not getting in trouble, but I was very active, always climbing on roofs,\nalways climbing up trees, always running. I was very fast, and I always was in\nraces. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6665.0,6695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I guess . . . I was a curious child, let's say, and . . . I was\nalways getting banged up. I was always being sewed up by a doctor. I was trying\nto remember, it popped in my mind the doctor who was our doctor for so many\nyears. But . . . as a result, I . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6695.0,6725.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have an intimate memory of the\nneighborhood. All the back alleys, all the small little holes in fences. I\nremember a very, very . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6725.0,6736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . My goodness you were a city planner even as a kid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6736.0,6742.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. Maybe that was the birth of it. It probably was. But there\nis a series of alleys . . . that lace through the Midtown neighborhood. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6742.0,6754.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nremember the shops. There was some very nice stores, a grocery store and a\ndrugstore at Tenth and Piedmont.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6754.0,6764.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What were their names?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6764.0,6766.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, I don't recall. I remember they sold jaw breakers . . . Then at Tenth\nand Peachtree was the big shopping center. Atlanta . . . downtown Atlanta was\nsurrounded by six small community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6766.0,6784.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shopping areas as it began its birth at the\nbeginning of the century, which were located approximately two and two and a\nhalf miles from Five Points. They ringed the city . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6784.0,6797.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Was it planned that way, or did it just sort of happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6797.0,6803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, no. It's the way economics developed. You went out a certain distance\nfrom the downtown area and you began to build a little nodes of what they call\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6803.0,6814.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"convenience stores, food, drugs, and then services like hardware and services\nlike barber shops and beauty shops and things of that sort that are not in the\ndowntown area, but which serve the everyday needs of . . . communities. There\nwas a series of neighborhoods around the Tenth and Peachtree area surrounding\nthe Peachtree Tenth area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6814.0,6839.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were any of these Jewish owned businesses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6839.0,6842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I doubt it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6842.0,6844.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't recall any. There was eventually, I don't know when\nthey came in . . . right off that intersection, there was a Jewish store called\nthe Roxy Delicatessen. It was the first, if not the only, one of the first, not\nthe only Jewish delicatessen in town called the Roxy. A marvelous place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6844.0,6868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who owned it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6868.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: There were three brothers . . . they were Sephardic. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6870.0,6875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One was [Nace] Amato\nand one . . . I think was [Jack] Franco, and I forget the third. I remember the\n. . . Amato because there was a daughter, Lucy, who was about my age, who lived\nover on Charles Allen Drive, and who was always a good friend of mine. She\neventually married a friend of mine, a person I debated against years later\nnamed Alan Gottlieb from Savannah. They had a delicatessen and a bakery down in\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6875.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah. Every once and awhile I still bump into Lucy when I'm down in\nSavannah. But her father had that delicatessen. I'm not sure when it opened,\nwhether or not it opened as early as the 1930s. It could have opened a little\nlater. But other than that, I'm not aware of any Jews that had shops. The main\nstores were, there was a Kress's, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6905.0,6935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which still exists. It's the theater . . .\nit's called the . . . It's the only . . . building still on the block at the\nVirginia, where they cleared out a huge area for a big development at Tenth and\nPeachtree by the Coca-Cola Corporation from Australia. The only building they\nleft in the block was the theater. That was your Kress store, and then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6935.0,6965.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"across\nthe street, there's a whole series of buildings still exist, one of which was a\nWoolworths. Those were the two main stores . . . At the corner . . . of\nPeachtree and Tenth there was a big drugstore and it is now the, I guess, the\nVietnamese restaurant, Cha Gio or however you pronounce that. Across the street\n. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6965.0,6990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Do you remember the drug stores name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6990.0,6994.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6994.0,6994.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, it could have been a Jacobs' Drugstore because Jacob's were a big\nchain in town owned by Sinclair Jacobs family. But I don't recall . . . no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6994.0,7006.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do any of these places have lunch counters?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7006.0,7010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. They all had lunch counters. They had lunch counters, but they were\nmostly for drinks or sundaes and sodas and things of this sort, because every\nSaturday we used to go up there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7010.0,7024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7024.0,7024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They weren't integrated or anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7024.0,7025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7025.0,7026.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: No blacks were . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7026.0,7028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Absolutely not, no. None of this was integrated. There weren't\nblacks, this is an interesting point you raise. But let me just mention one more\nthing that, the other place of extreme importance up at the Tenth Street and\nPeachtree area. There was a theater; it no longer exists because . . . the city\npassed a bond referendum in 1957 which widened Tenth Street to its present\nwidth. But at the time it was very narrow, and in fact it tied into . . . what\nis now called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7028.0,7054.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Old Tenth Street. The area that is now part of the right away . .\n. there was a Tenth Street Theater. Every single Saturday without fail is where\n. . . my friends and I used to end up watching the movies. We spent hours there,\nthey had a double feature, they had all sorts of shorts and so forth like that.\nThat was our big deal, and I used to . . . get an ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7054.0,7084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"allowance every week of a\nquarter and it cost $0.10 to go to the movie. Of course, we never failed on\nSaturday to go to the movie. Then the big burning issue in my life was how do\nyou spend the remaining $0.15. I had no, clearly, no regard for saving any of\nthis. I guess maybe I did sometimes. But one of the big deals was to go across\nthe street to the drugstore and get a ice cream. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7084.0,7114.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My favorite was a root beer.\nThey had a deal, a special deal. You can get a glass of root beer for a nickel\nor you can get as much as you can drink for a dime. That was a tremendous\nproblem with me because I could never drink more than two. I always felt that .\n. . I wasn't getting my full value. Sometimes we went up to, we walked all the\nway up to Ponce de Leon and Charles Allen, again, that used to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7114.0,7144.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parkway Drive\nbecause it went down to the entrance of Piedmont Park on Tenth Street. Later was\nnamed Charles Allen in memory of the minister of the Methodist Church at Charles\nAllen and Ponce de Leon. Dr. Allen used to be the preacher there for many years,\nand when he died, they renamed the street. But it used to be Parkway Drive\nbecause it has a parkway in the middle of it. Anyhow, there was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7144.0,7174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Krispy Kreme\nDonuts place was there, at the corner there on the south side of the street.\nSometimes my friends and I used to go up, walk all the way. We used to walk all\nthe time. We used to wander throughout the city. Kids don't do that anymore.\nSafety or because of the carpooling . . . they just don't do that anymore. We\ndid nothing but wander for hours, we would be into the night. We used to wander\naround the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7174.0,7204.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"city on foot, through the alleys and backs of the stores and\neverything. No one ever thought anything about it. We would walk after the movie\nat Tenth and Peachtree all the way up to Charles Allen and Ponce de Leon, which\nis a considerable distance which we never thought about, in order to get some\ndonuts for, you could get a, I think it was a dozen donuts for a quarter or\nsomething like that. Or maybe it wasn't even that much. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7204.0,7234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then . . . the big\npressure was on of how many you could devour? How many could you possibly eat? A\ndozen of these greasy donuts, which were fantastic. I had a friend, Joe Levy,\nwho lived on Ninth Street to us; well, it was across a vacant lot, two doors now\nbecause they built two houses on it . . . He was my great hero because he could\neat all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7234.0,7264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"12 donuts on the way home and I never could get past about eight because\nyou were ill afterwards, because it was just total grease, and it was wonderful.\nYou asked a question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7264.0,7277.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, I had asked you, when you were talking about the counters and the\nsodas and all that, what the situation with blacks were. Were you aware of what\nthe situation was at that age?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7277.0,7291.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I guess I was aware. I didn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7291.0,7294.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"question it. It was the way of the world. I think\nyour question implies whether or not . . . the awareness means that was I aware\nof discrimination. I might have been aware of it, but I didn't question it. It\nwas part of the . . . culture, just like you get six grades in elementary\nschool. I didn't question that either. There was just simply your life. I had no\nblack friends ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7294.0,7324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that was the way it was. Remember, I was still six, seven,\neight years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7324.0,7330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were there any pockets of blacks living near you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7330.0,7334.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: This is interesting. In Atlanta, there were a lot of blacks in\nneighborhoods during this period. They lived in servants quarters, they called\nthem . . . In the in those days, you could get people to work, maids to work in\nyour house for very little. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7334.0,7353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were a number of servants quarters, houses\nover garages. They still exist in Atlanta, though many of them were wiped out in\nthe old areas when we began to move into urban renewal period in the 1960's, we\nwiped out a lot of that. We actually resegregated ourselves or increased the\nsegregation because we cleared out a lot of these old structures in the\nbackyards that blacks used to live in and who worked in the houses. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7353.0,7383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had one .\n. . in our neighborhood on Ninth Street, a servant's quarters. But . . .\nservants didn't to live there, it was empty. It was a room above the garage, and\nwe used to play games in it. But except for that . . . there were blacks, and\nthose blacks used to go to school downtown, in the closest neighborhoods. That\nwas pretty far away where they had the schools ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7383.0,7413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for blacks . . . I don't recall\nthis, but it was probably the school closest to where is now the Martin Luther\nKing Center [was] probably the closest where the blacks lived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7413.0,7430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did they get there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7430.0,7433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They walked. There was no vehicles. We were much more of a walking\nsociety. You may look around the metropolitan ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7433.0,7444.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"area now and you find that in the\ncity there were sidewalks. In DeKalb County, there's no sidewalks in the older\nareas. None. Simply because they didn't walk that much, and it wasn't required\nof developers to put in sidewalks. Now they've gone back where they require\nsidewalks in subdivisions, but large portions of DeKalb County and parts of\nFulton County, at the time was Fulton County, it was annexed in Atlanta, there's\nno sidewalks. If you look at Sherwood Forest now, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7444.0,7474.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is in the city, it\ndoesn't have sidewalks because it was a suburban development, and suburbs didn't\nhave sidewalks. People used to walk in the streets and so forth. People walked\nbig distances and then was very conventional, during these days we were getting\ninto the war. When we got into the war period, gasoline was rationed. During\nthese days, everybody was poor. We went into depression. No one . . . My father\nhad a car, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7474.0,7504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but frankly, we used a streetcar to go downtown, and it went right\ndown to Five Points where his office was. We had a . . . I was raised by a, my\nmother worked. My mother was my father's legal secretary for 25 years. I was\nreally raised by a woman who moved here from Florida with us, Stella Armstrong.\nShe lived with us. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7504.0,7534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A fiery, my sister will describe her a mean spirited, but I\nidolized her, and she idolized me . . . She had to run to keep up with me\nbecause I was always running. There was this constant interplay between Stella\nand myself. She was a woman from the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7534.0,7558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did she have a family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7558.0,7561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She had family back in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7561.0,7564.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Live Oak, Florida.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7564.0,7565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: She didn't have any children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7565.0,7567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, she never got married. But she moved here with us and raised me and\nCarolyn. But from the time I was about three or four to the time I was about 13,\nshe lived with us . . . As a matter of fact, she was a nurse, wore a white\nuniform and so forth. She cooked all my meals. She really raised me, and I\ncontinued to see her years later . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7567.0,7590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . What did she do when she left your family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7590.0,7594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7594.0,7594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She went on Social Security and moved into a housing for the elderly\nproject over at the Techwood Homes . . . She used to take me downtown to see my\nfather, and we used to ride the streetcar and eventually . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7594.0,7609.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But she had to ride in the back?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7609.0,7613.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, she was white.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7613.0,7615.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7615.0,7616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, she was white. I guess I failed to mention that. She was really part\nof the family in a lot of ways, big woman. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7616.0,7625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She taught me all the country foods\nthat I've grown to dislike . . . use to eat raw bacon, all sorts of just, you\ncan't imagine the foods that were in our house. My mother, we didn't keep\nkosher. My mother . . . didn't cook. What she did cook was not very good. I grew\nup eating Stella's food. Very important person in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7625.0,7655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my life. Anyhow there were\nreally no blacks in my life except janitors, knew some maids. Knew their\nchildren to some extent, but our lives were totally separate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7655.0,7671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: When Stella left, what did your mother do for help?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7671.0,7677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I was . . . already a teenager by that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7677.0,7684.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7684.0,7685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But she needed someone to kind of run the house and cook, didn't she?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7685.0,7692.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, but I don't recall ever having anyone else. I assumed we made some\narrangements. We were very independent . . . I was much less supervised. There\nwere . . . youth groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7692.0,7710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But before we get on to your teenage years, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7710.0,7715.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to ask a few more\nquestions about your really young years. When you were wandering and playing in\nthe neighborhood, who were some of the people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7715.0,7724.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They were people who I was in elementary school with. We all went to the\nelementary school. We all lived in the same neighborhood. All my friends . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7724.0,7734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . I'm asking for some names.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7734.0,7737.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: There was [Jimmy] Southard, who became an all-American quarterback at\nGeorgia Tech years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7737.0,7742.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How do you spell his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7742.0,7744.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I think it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7744.0,7746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S-O-U-T-H-[A]-R-D. There was Bobby Cunningham who\nlived up on Myrtle Street. Bobby became a . . . doctor, Emory, went to Emory\nMedical School and eventually became the medical doctor for BellSouth. There was\n. . . but I can tell you almost everybody in my class, because we all went all\nthe way through together. It was like . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7746.0,7776.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my kids going through the Hebrew\nAcademy. There were a few people who entered and left and so forth. But . . .\nthis was my crowd, growing up was . . . the kids in my class at the elementary\nschool. I went all the way through first through the sixth grade. Then you went\nto junior high. Junior high at that time . . . I'll come back to this . . .\njunior high at that time was O'Keefe. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7776.0,7806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was a junior high then, I went to\nO'Keefe there. But Tenth Street School was very close, and we all lived in the\nsame neighborhood, all my friends. I played a lot of ball. I was very athletic,\nalthough I was small, we didn't play hard contact sports and I didn't engage in\nthat. But in all running games . . . where it required dexterity and so forth, I\nwas always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7806.0,7836.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"play[ing] ball, baseball. My father was a very well-known athlete\nhimself. I guess I followed his interests in sports. Then we had the . . . I'm\ntrying to think of any other kids that were particularly close to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7836.0,7859.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Were there any other Jewish kids in your class?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7859.0,7866.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7866.0,7867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think so. Let me just think for a minute. There had to be one or\ntwo. There's a fellow name . . . this is not Jewish. Just as a memory, there's a\nfellow named Johnny Hiles, who . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7867.0,7887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How do you spell that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7887.0,7891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: H-I-L-E-S. Johnny was a great athlete. He went on to high school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7891.0,7897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I\nforget where he went to college. But he was a . . . top swimmer in the state.\nEventually, I think he was in, he became a lobbyist for either an insurance . .\n. it seemed like the insurance field over in the General Assembly. But I don't .\n. . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7897.0,7927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a John Hershfeld who I think, H-E-R-S-H-F-E-L-D. Hershfeld, I'm\nalmost sure. But I don't know what happened to him. But he could have been\nJewish, but I wasn't aware of it particularly. Remember that . . . at this time\nthe synagogue was on the south side of town and we were totally separated from .\n. . any day to day . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7927.0,7957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now on Sundays, we went to Sunday School over at the\nAlliance. Then I used to go over . . . No, I'm sorry. For Sunday School, we used\nto go to the synagogue and I'm sorry. We were over there on the south side of\ntown then. My father used to take me to Sunday School and then go to the\nProgressive Club. The Progressive Club at that time was located on Pryor Street,\nthat's where the Boys Club eventually located. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7957.0,7987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then after Sunday school, I used\nto walk over the Progressive Club and he used to play cards there, which is what\nmen did. [They played] pinnacle. I used to meet him after Sunday School there\nand he'd bring me home. But we were pretty far removed from the Jewish\ncommunity, and my family was not terribly religious. My father was enormously\ninvolved in Jewish community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7987.0,8017.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But not in the, he was not very . . . active in\nthe synagogue that much or the home wasn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8017.0,8024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were most of the people at that point who belonged to AA more\ntraditional? Did they keep kosher and that sort of thing. Were you different\nthan the others or were there many members like that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8024.0,8037.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: A lot of the family still lived on the south side of town and in the big\nold houses on Washington Street and Temple Street, Pulliam ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8037.0,8047.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Pryor and Georgia\nAvenue. I don't, I frankly don't know. Our lives were not intertwined with the\nfamilies on the south side of town that much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8047.0,8058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Even though you went to Sunday school there, you didn't have a lot of\nclose Jewish friends in your young years. I am talking about before the AZA time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8058.0,8070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They tended to be . . . I had a lot of Jewish friends. Most of my, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8070.0,8077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot\nof my friends, not on a day to day basis, they were Jewish. There were a number\nof Jewish families in the neighborhood. Some of them went to the Tenth Street, a\nlot of them went to S. M. Inman. Now that I think about it, probably the school\ndistrict lines divided the Tenth Street area from the Samuel Inman's side. A lot\nof the Jews lived immediately in the area that I had lived in at Mentelle Drive\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8077.0,8107.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Durant Place and on Sixth Street and that type of thing. I'm almost certain\nthat they . . . could have gone to S. M. Inman. But now, I think about it, there\nwas a school on North Avenue. Near Sears, just south of Sears, called the North\nAvenue Elementary School. I'm sorry. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8107.0,8137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was not, that's over near Mandel's.\nThe school, I think was Smiley, but what I was saying was, and a lot of the kids\njust south of me went to school there. While I knew the kids in the\nneighborhood, and there were a lot of Jews in the Mentelle Drive, Durant Place\narea. I can tick off the several names for you in a minute, but they probably,\nnow that I think about it, went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8137.0,8167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the school over on North Avenue or they could\nhave gone [to] Inman. Barbara Levitas lived there. Joel Fryer lived on the\nstreet. The Goldstein's, Eddie . . . Goldstein lived over there. There were . .\n. Let me think. Who else lived . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8167.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Virginia Diamond [Saul] . . . she's Milton\n[Saul]'s wife. Virginia Diamond lived over on Taft Avenue. But see, she didn't\ngo to Tenth Street School, and so she probably . . . the school line probably\ndivided somewhere near my house now, that I think about it. But there was a\nlarge number of Jewish kids over there, and they were my good friends growing\nup. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8197.0,8227.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have mentioned Lucy Amato. That was around Grady High. There I'm talking\nabout how Mentelle Drive and Durant Place [are] all [near] Grady High. I can't\nremember if they went to Inman, or they went to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8227.0,8241.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Obviously they didn't go to the one you went to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8241.0,8246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: But they did not go, as far as I remember. Of course, you remember the\nkids in your class and not too many in the class before or after you. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8246.0,8257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I\ndon't recall many, there very, very few Jews in the class and I was always kind\nof, it was awkward when I was out for Jewish holiday to explained why.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8257.0,8269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But you didn't experience prejudice, did you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8269.0,8272.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I remember one instance where I did. I remember where I got in a fight\nover it. But for the most part, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8272.0,8281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How old were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8281.0,8283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think it was in elementary school, so I was probably ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8283.0,8287.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seven, eight years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8287.0,8289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did someone call you a name or something?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8289.0,8292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, probably. I don't recall what it was, I just recall getting beat up,\nbeing chased. It wasn't helpful to chase me because I was very fast. I\neventually ran track in college. I was really very nimble . . . But I was also\nvery small and so I was vulnerable . . . I'm trying to remember some of the\nother people who were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8292.0,8317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the neighborhood that I grew up in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8317.0,8320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: At this at that stage, you were walking and exploring?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8320.0,8325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8325.0,8326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay, and then you went to junior high school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8326.0,8330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I went to . . . Junior high school was at O'Keefe . . . The school system\nwas a K through sixth school system. Then you had a junior high, which is seven,\neight and nine. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8330.0,8347.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't have a middle school. Middle schools tend to be two\nyears. This was a three year, seven, eight, nine, and that was at O'Keefe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8347.0,8357.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did it take several elementary schools fed into it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8357.0,8361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8361.0,8363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Those other kids went to junior high school with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8363.0,8369.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I imagine so. It was a . . . boys and girls went to school there. Now you\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8369.0,8377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have to remember that in high school, the boys and girls were separated. We were\nseparated . . . both by gender and by race when I finally got to Boys' High. But\nat that time, there were girls at O'Keefe. I guess these people were at O'Keefe.\nBut I was there for three years, and all the people who went . . . with me to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8377.0,8407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elementary school went over to O'Keefe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8407.0,8411.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were you bar mitzvahed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8411.0,8414.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8414.0,8416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was that a big year, social wise with all the kids?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8416.0,8424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I imagine so. I don't recall. I do recall my bar mitzvah very well. I\nneed to tell you one thing. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8424.0,8438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You had asked about Jewish people in the\nneighborhood. Of course, the person I was closest to was Jewish in the\nneighborhood . . . The house I lived in, I think it was 317 Ninth Street is the\nbest I can remember, something number like that. It was a duplex and we lived\nupstairs and the Lincolns, a Jewish family, Lincoln, lived downstairs. But Jack\nLincoln is still banging around the city. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8438.0,8468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was more my sister's age. They had\na daughter who was two or three years younger than I named Rita, who lived\ndownstairs. She is now Rita Joel and still a very close friend of mine. Rita and\nI were almost like sister and brother. We were very, very close, although she\nwas younger, and I didn't pay much attention to her at the time. Through the\nyears, she became sweetheart of fraternity, I dated her and everything, but our\nlives have entwined our entire lives . . . I'm very, very fond of Rita. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8468.0,8498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I\njust want to mention that there was a Jewish family, obviously, and they lived\ndownstairs, and we lived upstairs in this duplex. By the time I was bar\nmitzvahed, we had moved out of that neighborhood into the Virginia-Highland\nneighborhood on Elkmont Drive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8498.0,8520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: During junior high, you moved?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8520.0,8523.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8523.0,8524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But you still stayed at O'Keefe?.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8524.0,8527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8527.0,8527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes. It's interesting. I'm not exactly sure that the year . . . I am sure\nthat I . . . always lived on Ninth Street when I was at Tenth Street School. By\nthe way, Tenth Street School became Clark Howell School. Clark Howell was the\npublisher of the Atlanta newspapers and became Clark Howell School. Then about\nthe time I was in my sixth year, it would be good to go back and check the\nyears, but by the time I graduated from . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8527.0,8557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I moved . . . up to junior\nhigh. We then moved to this other neighborhood. I spent virtually the rest of my\nfirst years in Atlanta until I went off to graduate school, I spent in this\nneighborhood. In the Virginia-Highland neighborhood. We lived in two different\nhouses over there, one on Elkmont Drive ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8557.0,8587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one on Brookridge Drive, right up\nthe street. Both of which face this park . . . I think it was called Orme Park.\nO-R-M-E Park. I used to have a bicycle and I lived on that bicycle. I went to\nschool every day on my bicycle because we'd moved, O'Keefe was pretty far. You\nhave to remember that's over on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8587.0,8617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other side of Piedmont Park. I was going to\nO'Keefe, which is all the way over at Georgia Tech. It was a good distance. I\neither walked or we were dropped off sometimes by my father on the way to work,\nor I took my bicycle, which was mostly how I got there, partly because I had a\npaper route. After school . . . I delivered papers, that's how I earned some\nmoney. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8617.0,8647.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't have a lot of money. My father . . . never earned a lot of\nmoney and so everybody was sort of carrying his or her own as much as we could\n[and] contribute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8647.0,8664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We were talking about your bar mitzvah, too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8664.0,8668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. My bar mitzvah was memorable for one reason, and that is that . . .\nit occurred ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8668.0,8677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on Saturday, December 6, 1941, and there was a big party at my\nhouse. I never will forget . . . after the event. Of course, the synagogue was\nstill on the south side of town. Rabbi [Maurice] Schwartz was the one who . . .\ngave me my training, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8677.0,8707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gave me my preparation for the . . . There was a Hebrew\nschool . . . in a house over on Boulevard near Grady Hospital. It was a small\n[indistinct: 2:25:17]. Now we're talking about 1941, and by that time, a number\nof the Jewish community began to move to the north side of town and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8707.0,8737.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"settling\ninto these neighborhoods, but in particularly into Morningside. There was sort\nof a, during the late 1930's and 1940's, there was a big migration . . . By the\ntime we got to 1950, I would say that most Jews lived on the north side of town,\nbut it was sort of a swing. The synagogue came a little later. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8737.0,8767.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Originally, they\nfinally built a building on Tenth Street, the synagogue, for a Sunday School . .\n. It's at the foot of Juniper. It's that brick building next to . . . Piedmont\nPark, which is now a labor building. The labor organizations have that building.\nIt's right off . . . Tenth and Piedmont, just to the east. You remember the\nbuilding ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8767.0,8797.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was built by AA because by that time, so many families lived on\nthe north side that they needed . . . classrooms and meeting places on the north\nside, so they built this building. Now, remember the place, because prior to\n[them] building it, there was a huge cliff there. We used to dig caves in the\ndirt. That was our secret deal. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8797.0,8827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember them leveling that hill and putting\nthe new what they call the AA education building there. We started going to\nSunday School and to Hebrew school there, instead of going to the synagogue\nacross town for everyday Hebrew school ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8827.0,8857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this house that they had on Boulevard.\nThere was a number Jewish families around that area. Erwin Jacobson, who's in\nthe furniture business for many years, lived over there. Bob Kerschen, who's now\nmy neighbor of the street. Nancy Park, who has the hat store, lived over in that\nneighborhood. A whole bunch of a lot of Jewish community over in the Grady\nHospital area. There was this building that we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8857.0,8887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"used to go to afternoon cheder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8887.0,8890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You were alluding to your bar mitzvah, which was December 6 . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8890.0,8898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Oh, yes, I remember that . . . I had a bar mitzvah. We had a party\nat my house on Elkmont Drive. There were a number of Jews ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8898.0,8916.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who lived in that\nneighborhood by that time. Then the next day, we went downtown to a movie. A\ngroup of us. There was a number of movie houses, one where the Georgia Pacific\nBuilding . . . there were two theaters where the Georgia Pacific Building is\nnow. The Loew's Grand where the premiere of Gone with the Wind was held and the\nParamount, I think it was next door. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8916.0,8946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then there was another building where the\nPeachtree Western Hotel is now. It could have been two . . . I remember we went\nto a movie. When we came back out, this kid was selling, in those days, kids\nsold newspapers on the street. This kid was yelling about the bombing of Pearl Harbor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8946.0,8972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: This is side two of tape two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8972.0,8976.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8976.0,8976.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We walked out of the theater in this bright, sunny day. Must have been\nabout three o'clock in the afternoon and these kids were running up the street\nwith big headlines about the bombing of Pearl Harbor. This was on December 7th.\nMy bar mitzvah was a memorable event because of the concurrence of this with\nPearl Harbor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8976.0,9001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your father didn't go off to war, did he?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9001.0,9005.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9005.0,9005.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No. My father was in World War I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9005.0,9008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9008.0,9009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: But . . . he was very young. He was really below age. He lied about his\nage to get in. He rose very rapidly because he was one of the few educated\npeople around. He became a regimental sergeant major at about 17 years old. He\nwas very young. Then when World War II came, he was really too old to go. I\nthink I mentioned my father was stationed in what was then Fort Gordon, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9009.0,9036.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which\nwas in Chamblee, Georgia. Fort Gordon eventually went to Augusta [Georgia]. It's\nCamp Gordon, actually. It was Camp Gordon then. That's where I was stationed, in\nCamp Gordon. I went to the same camp that he did though in different cities. But\n. . . he would have been, in 1941, he would have been 45 years old. Then they\ndidn't draft him then. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9036.0,9066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there were a number of Jews who lived around Orme\nPark. In fact, from time to time we talk about having a reunion of that group\nbecause there was enough of us. Hazel Berman, who is now Hazel Karp, Herbert\nKarp's wife, lived three doors up from me. Daniel Nerenbaum, who unfortunately\njust died last month . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9066.0,9096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9096.0,9096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you spell his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9096.0,9099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Nerenbaum. N-E-R-E-N-B-A-U-M. It was a shocked to hear that he died just\na few weeks ago, so sad. [He] lived there. Sally Travis, who is [Bertha] and Bob\nTravis' [daughter]. She was on the International Board of Zionism. I got my\nZionist influence from both my father and from the Travis. But their daughter\nwas Sally, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9099.0,9126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who lives in Memphis, who I see from time to time when she comes to Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9126.0,9132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What's her married name? Is it Felt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9132.0,9135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, that's right, good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9135.0,9137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I know her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9137.0,9138.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Sally grew up just a . . . half a block up for me in Atlanta. She was . .\n. our folks were very close, use to see Sally all the time. I grew up, Sally\n[and I] . . . were very close as well as Hazel Berman Karp. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9138.0,9156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there was a\nhuge, the Cohens, who were distant cousins who lived across [indistinct:\n2:32:36]. The Spector family was in the lumber business. Maurice Spector was a\nvery close friend. The Reisman were next door to them . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9156.0,9176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How do you spell Reisman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9176.0,9180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: R-E-I-S-M-A-N.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9180.0,9181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: And Spector is?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9181.0,9183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: S-P-E-C-T-O-R. Then over on Park Drive, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9183.0,9186.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jack Hirsch lived. Elliott\nLevitas, who has always been my best friend, closest friend, lived over on Park\nDrive. The Blumbergs lived up the street from him near . . . Now we're getting\nclose to S. M. Inman School up on Park Drive. Alan Salzman lived up on Cresthill\nDrive . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9186.0,9216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S-A-L-Z-M-A-N. He was an architect who became a very close dear\nfriend of mine, who died unfortunately. I gave his eulogy. Dr. [Moses] Copeloff,\nmy childhood doctor was Dr. Copeloff, lived up on Brookridge Drive.\nC-O-P-E-L-O-F-F. His daughter was Martha. She unfortunately died. She was\nmarried to Sanford Schmerling. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9216.0,9246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S-C-H-M-E-R-L-I-N-G. He's a doctor. Martha has\nsince passed away. There was just a lot of Jews in the neighborhood. My aunt\nlives across the park. This is my aunt Lena. I live in two houses facing the\npark. This park is a very long, linear park called Orme Park. Very, very\nimportant in my life because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9246.0,9276.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's where I played all my ball . . . I spent a\nlot my life playing ball. I just . . . it consumed my life of all, of every\nsport. But except, we had to do things like football, I didn't play but\nbaseball, softball, basketball, tennis, everything, anyhow, track . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9276.0,9306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The park\nis surrounded by two streets. Elkmont is a small portion of it, but most of the\nstreet around Orme Park is Brookridge Drive. We all were sort of centered on\nthis park which is still a lovely park there and where I used to play ball.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9306.0,9324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your aunt Lena lived across the park . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9324.0,9329.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My aunt Lena lived across . . . We lived in two houses, one on Elkmont\nand one Brookridge. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9329.0,9337.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right up the street, Brookridge Drive, seemed like it was\n733 Brookridge Drive and across there lived my aunt Lena Bender, who was married\nto Barney Bender, who I told you earlier ran the Bentley Hotel, which is\nUnderground now . . . By that time, my grandmother had moved in with her, so my\ngrandmother actually lived across the park from me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9337.0,9367.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't see her very much.\nShe was a recluse . . . We had no communication whatsoever. I remember she may\nhave been sick or something, but she lived in a dark room. I remember a very\nstagnant air, and as a child you remember these . . . you just don't enjoy this\ntype of thing. I didn't see her a lot. Every once in a while, I would ride my\nbike ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9367.0,9397.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over to see her. My aunt Lena died just a few years ago. She was well into\nher 90's. She was . . . of my father's nine [siblings]. My father was the next\nto the youngest. Aunt Rubye Goldstein, Abe Goldstein's wife lived into her 90's,\ndied just a year or two ago, two years maybe. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9397.0,9427.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aunt Lena died soon thereafter.\nShe was well into her 90's. My father was bracketed between Aunt Lena, who was\nslightly older and my aunt Rubye, who was slightly younger. My aunt Lena with\nmarried to Uncle Barney Bender. They had one daughter, Dorothy, and she's still\nalive and she's lives over near Lenox Square. I go over and see her . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9427.0,9448.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What is Dorothy name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9448.0,9450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Bender.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9450.0,9451.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, she's never married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9451.0,9453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She never married, no. She was unfortunate afflicted by very bad palsy .\n. . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9453.0,9458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in those days you kept people home, didn't send them to school. You didn't\nmainstream people. She's always been badly afflicted by it. She can't walk very\n. . . without enormous help. It's sad and her speech is very, somewhat difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9458.0,9485.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now, you have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9485.0,9488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just the one sister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9488.0,9490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Just one sister, Carolyn. She's about five and a half years older than I am.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9490.0,9496.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . We're still in junior high, and you talked about your bar mitzvah\nand social life then. Did you join AZA then or had you gone onto high school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9496.0,9508.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, AZA . . . became very early in my life . . . That's when AZA entered\nmy life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9508.0,9516.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What age?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9516.0,9517.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9517.0,9517.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I must have been about 12 or 13.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9517.0,9520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, that young.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9520.0,9521.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The other organization I was very active in, that I was very attached to\nwas the Boy Scouts. There was a Jewish Boy Scout Troop 53. I went off to camp,\nBoy Scout camp for three years. I was really into boy scouting. I loved it. It\ntaught me so much. It was a major . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9521.0,9539.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How far did you get?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9539.0,9542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Within two merit badges of being an Eagle Scout. . . That's always been a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9542.0,9547.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blemish on my career. I always felt because I'd earned all these . . . among the\nhardest of, I might say, the merit badges like birdwatching and reptile studies.\nI did a lot of very serious stuff. I was very devoted to it, and . . . going to\ncamp was one of the happiest times that I've spent . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9547.0,9566.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Did your friends from home go to camp with you or did you not know\nmost of the boys?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9566.0,9573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: There was one person that was into scouting and remained well into ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9573.0,9577.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adult\nas one of the major scouting figures in the country. That was George Goldman. We\nknow George, he's a real estate . . . Is it Hass \u0026 Dodd? I think it's Hass \u0026\nDodd, he has been either head or attached to with Hass \u0026 Dodd. George went into\nscouting, founded the scout troop for the blind . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9577.0,9607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He still leads major sort\nof safaris and keeps trying to get me out again, but camping, a major camping\nperson. George went to camp . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9607.0,9616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . He became an Eagle Scout . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9616.0,9620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh yes. Oh, this guy is legendary. I think Elliott went to camp with me\none year. The camp I went to wasn't so much attached to Jewish troop that I went\nto. They stop . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9620.0,9633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Where did your troop meet and who was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9633.0,9637.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your scout master?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9637.0,9638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: At the AA. The troop met at the AA Education Building on Tenth Street.\nScout master was Joe Zimmerman and just a marvelous guy. We did all sorts of\nhiking and good works and all sorts of things. I . . . did my 14 mile hike, I\nremember that. Elliott and I took our 14 mile hike together. We started at, this\nis, I think you'll find a little interesting. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9638.0,9667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We start at the intersection of\nJohnson Road and Briarcliff, where Sage Hill Shopping Center is now. Sage Hill\nup to recently with a huge cliff. They lowered that, they took away the cliff\nand built the shopping center there. But . . . you had to go . . . We walked\nseven miles out, seven miles back. We walked all the way out to what is now Echo\nsubdivision. In those days, the road was unpaved. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9667.0,9697.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Echo Subdivision, which is\nbuilt around a couple of lakes, was really a state fish hatchery, and so we\nwalked there. Ms. Levitas, who was, you have to have known Mrs. Levitas to fully\nappreciate it. She was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9697.0,9713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . What was her first name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9713.0,9716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Ida.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9716.0,9717.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, I've heard about her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9717.0,9719.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. A very . . . a legend in her time. She was unbelievable woman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9719.0,9726.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9726.0,9727.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9727.0,9727.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She was a very strong willed, very forceful woman. Her son, Elliott and I\nwere very, very close. But she intimidated me enormously. I'd call up Elliott\nand I hear this voice, \"Hello\" . . . You could just feel the cold go all the way\ndown to my toes. \"Can I speak to Elliott?\" \"Yes.\" Then Elliott would come to the\nphone. But she . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9727.0,9757.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really was a dominant figure. I remember during the 14 mile\nhike, she followed us in the car behind us with food. She was going to make\ncertain nothing happened to us. It was just unbelievable. But we used to meet on\nThursday nights at the scouting troop and of course we had, being right next to\nPiedmont Park. We used to play games in the park at night, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9757.0,9787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"capture the flag and\nall sorts of things that kids played in those days. But that was a wonderful\nexperience for me. In fact, during the war, we're getting into the war years\nnow. We've gotten into the war years. We use to have a blackout, test blackouts\nwhere just in case we would be bombed. Atlanta could have easily been a target\nbecause we had . . . the Bell Bomber plant, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9787.0,9817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for instance, which is now Lockheed,\nas a major installation. We had some military bases here. It . . . could have\nbeen a target if we had been bombed. We had these test blackouts about once a\nmonth . . . Mr. [Samuel] Berman, who was the . . . every block had a block\nwarden and Mr. Berman was the block warden and . . . doing the blackout you\npulled your shades and you tried to block out all the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9817.0,9847.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lights and possible\n[during] these tests. I was thrilled to have been chosen by Mr. Berman to be,\nwho was close friends with my parents. This is Hazel . . . Berman Karp's father,\nwho ran . . . some sort of shop down . . . on Edgewood Avenue. But Mr. [Samuel]\nBerman was the warden, and he chose me to be his assistant. I used to get in my\nBoy Scout uniform ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9847.0,9877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and go out . . . I was allowed to go out in the dark and go\naround and knock on the door and [say,] \"Pulled down your shade,\" and this and\nthat. It was a great thrill when doing the wartime blackout practices and so\nforth like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9877.0,9895.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You were a Boy Scout from what age to what age?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9895.0,9900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: See, I don't remember from about 12. I believe 11. I don't recall.\nProbably about 11, I began, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9900.0,9907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until I was about 14, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9907.0,9910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Just shy of your two badges. How come you didn't finish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9910.0,9914.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Don't ever ask. [Memoirist laughs] [I] never finished. It was one of\nthose things, I just never finished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9914.0,9921.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You got into other things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9921.0,9923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I got into AZA, and that was a consuming thing in my life. I spent an\nenormous amount of time in AZA and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9923.0,9933.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . What did AZA have that differed from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9933.0,9937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Boy Scouts at that point\nin your life?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9937.0,9942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: First of all, it was all Jewish. Secondly . . . it began to teach certain\nskills. I was involved with debating and debated both locally and nationally\nthrough that. My partner was a fellow named Jerry Caplan. C-A-P-L-A-N. Who's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9942.0,9967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a .\n. .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9967.0,9969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: A doctor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9969.0,9971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, a doctor who takes . . . Not a cancer person, but a person who takes x-rays.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9971.0,9983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, radiologist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9983.0,9985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: A radiologist. G-d that's terrible. He's a top radiologist, probably one\nthe best known and maybe the best known ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9985.0,9997.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"radiologist in the state. He's the\npresident of that. An outstanding person. Teaches at the medical school here in\nGeorgia and everything. But he has a firm of about eight or nine radiologists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9997.0,10009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Here in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10009.0,10010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, in Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10010.0,10011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10011.0,10012.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: In Savannah. We've remained very close friends. But he was my debate\npartner and we debated locally . . . We won, one year, we won the council. We\nhad . . . four AZA chapters and I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10012.0,10026.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in AZA 518. Elliott, who was my close\nfriend, was in 134, as was Alan Salzman. But we played a lot of ball. That's\nwhen I played basketball. I really played a lot of basketball for my life, even\ninto college. As short as I am, I played basketball.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10026.0,10048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Really, Boy Scouts was more individual endeavors and AZA was more group orientated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10048.0,10054.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: And Jewish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10054.0,10055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10055.0,10055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Jewish, you were in a Jewish troop though. Weren't you in a Jewish\ntroop though?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10055.0,10059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's true. But it didn't have a Jewish content to it. In fact, all the\nJews had their own troop, 53. I don't recall any particular, we may have gone\nand done a good work at a Jewish institution or something, but it wasn't the\nJewish content. It was really much more . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10059.0,10075.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Why all of a sudden did you feel the need to be with Jews at that\npoint in your life?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10075.0,10082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My father was very well known, prominent in Jewish affairs, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10082.0,10085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my\ngrandfather had . . . The family name was attached to a lot of Jewish things.\nI'm not sure I felt the need. It's just that I was drawn into something that was\nthe next step in my growth, and that was sports and debate and travel. We\ntraveled to other cities. I met other people, girls and boys from other\ncommunities. In the Jewish community, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10085.0,10115.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're from Memphis and . . . that's how\nyou met kids from other cities, and you competed against it. I loved competition\nand played a lot of softball in summer and a lot of basketball in the fall and\nthe winter. There was a lot of social stuff. I was getting into a social age . .\n. and that's not something that scouting does, there's no girls, like you had\nBBG [B'nai B'rith Girls] in those days. Had one BBG chapter . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10115.0,10145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10145.0,10145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . . When did AZA get started? Do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10145.0,10149.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: 1924, I think. I think it was Sam Beber in Omaha [Nebraska] formed the\nfirst chapter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10149.0,10156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But when did it get started in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10156.0,10160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, in Atlanta. I don't know, the oldest chapter I believe was 134. Mr.\n[Louis] Levitas founded that, and I think is now named after him. I think it's\nknown as the Levitas Chapter. I would imagine it probably ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10160.0,10176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started in the late\n1930's, is what I would guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10176.0,10182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It was pretty established by the time you came along.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10182.0,10188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. We had four chapters and they're very, very strong. Except for\nThe Temple kids, who had their own organizations. The Sephardic Jews very often\njoined the 357 chapter. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10188.0,10206.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then you had the JTC, whatever number that was, and then\n134 and 518. There was another track of kids who were beginning to get very\nactive in Young Judea, and my sister was active in that. My [Hebrew word:\n2:50:20] Frankel, Ted Frankel, who is the father of my son-in-law now, he was\nactive in Young Judea. I was active ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10206.0,10236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some limited extent in Young Judea, I\nused to attend meetings, I was sort of on the periphery of it .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10236.0,10242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Young Judea is part of the Conservative . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10242.0,10245.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . No, no, it's a Zionist organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10245.0,10248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10248.0,10249.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. It was the Zionist youth organization. Of course, we're talking about\nit pre-1948 . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10249.0,10254.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . It got started when.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10254.0,10256.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, I'm sure it started in the late 1930's when Zionism really began to\npick up strong throughout America . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10256.0,10262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . In the late 1930's, Jewish youth organizations kind of really got started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10262.0,10266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10266.0,10266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's right. But of course, because of the war and the displacement of a\nlot of Jews, people are moving out of Germany and so forth. The whole idea of a\nJewish homeland began to pick up very rapidly and the concentration of finding\nJewish home and Zionism at that time, Palestine was only one of a couple of\nchoices, though by far the preferred choice. Then there was an anti-Zionist\nmovement over at The Temple . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10266.0,10296.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that kind of triggered a youth Zionist\nmovement and people moved to Palestine. I had friends in high school, Elkon,\nmoved to Palestine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10296.0,10304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who did?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10304.0,10305.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The Elkon's, Evelyn and [she must have been] my sister's age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10305.0,10309.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The children or the parents too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10309.0,10311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, the whole family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10311.0,10313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The whole family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10313.0,10314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10314.0,10315.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: [Are] they still there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10315.0,10317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I assume so. I haven't seen them. I saw them one time in the 1950's.\nI stayed on the . . . I looked up Evelyn ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10317.0,10326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and stayed on her kibbutz when I was\nthere in 1954, 1956, during the 1956 war . . . She lived up near [indistinct:\n2:52:14: possibly Dimona] up in the northern part of the country, Golan Heights.\nThat's when I experience the shelling coming over from the Golan Heights and so\nforth, working in the fields. But . . . there was this growing . . . Atlanta was\na very strong ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10326.0,10356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish place. My father, as I mentioned earlier, was president of\nthe Zionist District in this part of the country as he was in the 1920's. He was\npresident in 1924 and again in 1948 when the State of Israel was formed. He was\n. . . family was very much into Zionism, and there was very strong Zionists\nfeeling. People were [standing] in lines to [send] goods to Israel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10356.0,10386.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and doing all\nsorts of things to support . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10386.0,10390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . You commented your father helped get arms there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10390.0,10394.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes . . . and my sister was active. You had that outlet for kids, you\nhad AZA and then The Temple had . . . it was really a social group more than a\nJewish centered group, except that there were Jews . . . Then there was a BBG\nchapter here, in fact, Ina Minsk, who was Ina Mascot ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10394.0,10416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the president of it.\nWhen I was on the international board, she was also on the international BBG\nboard, so we used to travel meetings together . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10416.0,10424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Now what age, give me . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10424.0,10427.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I jumped ahead . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10427.0,10430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Yes, give me your history of your AZA activities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10430.0,10433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I went . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10433.0,10435.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . You were president . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10435.0,10438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Oh, you mean that. Oh, yes. I was president of my chapter . . .\nwhich is Godol. Aleph Godol [AZA President]. I was Godol of the region, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10438.0,10446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which\nwas three states: Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina. I was president\nof the region, of district rather. That was the southern or southeastern region.\nThe district, District Five, and it ran from Baltimore [Maryland] to Miami [Florida].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10446.0,10460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You traveled to all these places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10460.0,10463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes, constantly. I was Grand Alpeh Mazkir [AZA International\nSecretary], which was the . . . international secretary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10463.0,10470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did you get to travel in the world with that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10470.0,10474.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. They were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10474.0,10475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only up in Canada when they talked about at that time. I\nthink they may have begun to establish a few chapters . . . outside. Then I . .\n. . debated and I went to, with Jerry Caplan, we won the region here. We . . .\ndebated in Charleston [South Carolina] and won the . . . southern region. Then\nwe won the district finals in Tampa [Florida]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10475.0,10505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we went to the national\nfinals in St. Louis [Missouri]. This was in 1944, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10505.0,10514.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did you win?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10514.0,10516.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. We were eliminated first round. We were very young. I was very young,\nand they had some really . . . I remember Bernie Dow, who beat us, I think won,\nwas from Texas. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10516.0,10535.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the thrill was going by train to St. Louis and that type of\nthing. Back then my sister was at the University of Missouri and was very\nseriously involved with a guy in St. Louis. I stayed, Jerry and I stayed with\nhis mother in St. Louis. I never will forget . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10535.0,10553.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Than his mother ended up marrying your father, you told me that\nstory . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10553.0,10560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Years later, why his mother married my father. She became my stepmother .\n. .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10560.0,10565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10565.0,10565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . . It's a small world . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10565.0,10568.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That was amazing. But . . . to have risen to these positions\nrequired an enormous amount of time. I stayed into it into college. I gave up\nbeing president of . . . my fraternity. I was really, totally involved with AZA.\nI was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10568.0,10585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Did it take away from your studies in high school, we haven't even\ngotten to high school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10585.0,10592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: As a matter of fact, it probably did. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10592.0,10595.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was not a good student, but I was\nwell into college, and I was not doing well and decided not to run for Grand\nAleph Godol [AZA International President] because of that. I just felt that I\nneeded to attend my studies, and so I passed the opportunity to move up into the\nnational presidency because I just felt I needed . . . I was in my senior year\nin college by that time. I really was very serious about this stuff, and I have\ngood friends all over the country. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10595.0,10625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Grand Aleph Godol who, when I was Grand\nAleph Mazkir, secretary, the Grand Aleph Godol was from Los Angeles\n[California]. He and I have remained friends. In fact, I went out . . . after\nBrandeis camp, I stayed with him out in California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10625.0,10638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What was that camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10638.0,10639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was a Zionist camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10639.0,10641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Brandeis-Bardin or something . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10641.0,10643.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . [Shlomo] Bardin was the founder. There were three of them . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10643.0,10648.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Because I'm going to that camp in February . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10648.0,10652.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . In California . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10652.0,10655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10655.0,10656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AJC [American Jewish Committee] is having a study thing there . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10656.0,10660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That's the only one now. At one time there were three. There was\none in the Poconos, where my sister went, and there was one in North Carolina\nwhere Madalyne, I think Madalyne went to that one, which the Besty Cambridge\nJewish camp of some type. Then there was one in California, which was . . .\nwhere Bardin was and also had a music camp attached to it. They had a very\nfamous musicians, Jewish musicians. It was an incredible experience to have\ngone. It changed my life ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10660.0,10686.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as much as any. When I talk about moments in my life\nthat really made a difference in my life, Brandeis. It threw me . . . into a\nvery intellectual environment with some of the brightest kids around the\ncountry. They just absolutely turned us on to debate and to ideas and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10686.0,10711.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How old were you when you went?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10711.0,10716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10716.0,10716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went in 1949 so . . . I was 20, I was 19 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10716.0,10722.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: This was part of your AZA involvement that got you in . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10722.0,10728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . No, it had nothing to do with AZA. This was Brandeis was Zionism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10728.0,10734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, the camp. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10734.0,10736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Brandeis was Zionism . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10736.0,10738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . How would you go to that camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10738.0,10742.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: You were nominated by the, I think, I believe as I recall ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10742.0,10747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were\nnominated by the Jewish Federation, and they gave you a scholarship. They raised\nmoney and they helped to pay for the trip. I caught a train, it took me four\ndays to get there. Stayed with Oren Kabucka, who was the Grand Aleph Godol with\nme. Then he drove me out to Santa Ana [California], where the camp was. In those\ndays . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10747.0,10769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . It was invited young Jewish leaders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10769.0,10772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. The city sent what they considered to be their leadership\nto this camp. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10772.0,10777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It shook me up. I may have gone in 1948 now that I think about it\nbecause I had two years left. No, it was 1949, I had one year of college, but it\ntotally shook me up. I was never a good student up to then. It just opened me\nup. I was always potentially a good student. My teachers kept saying, \"You're\nnot doing what you could do\" blah, blah, and all that stuff. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10777.0,10807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was busy playing\nball, and I was busy with AZA. I was busy with social stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10807.0,10813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Was there a particular speaker or teacher that turned you on there? Or a subject?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10813.0,10818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think it was the other kids. I met serious kids that really, and I\nfound, I guess this is what really makes a difference. I found I was shocked by\nhow bright these kids were and then what really, I think made a difference. I\nfound that I could hold on with them. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10818.0,10837.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never regarded it because I'd never done\nwell. All of a sudden, I felt very good about myself. I hadn't thought about\nthat way before, but I think that's probably what did it. I really became a\nleader of the group and I, while I'd been leader before on things. It wasn't\nintellectually a leader. When I came back, my grades jumped from being a C\nstudent at college to a B student ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10837.0,10867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I was becoming. Then when I went to\nBrandeis, I became an A student. From then on, I said, \"I didn't learn anything\nin college because I messed around.\" I virtually started all over again. I went\nand got a couple of master's degrees and worked on my Ph.D. because I had felt\nthat I had really wasted my years. I didn't get through with college until I was\n27. I was always a late bloomer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10867.0,10893.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now, you went to Emory right out of high school. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10893.0,10897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that where you went\nto college?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10897.0,10899.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. In fact, I really graduated high school in two and a half years. It\nwas a two to three year school. It was K through six and then three years of\njunior high, three years high school. I went to this fantastic high school. It\nwas like a prep school. It just happened to be where my school is . . . The city\ndivided the kids into those who were going to college. Those were going to a\ntechnical school, usually into some, directly into an engineering company ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10899.0,10927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or\nsome manufacturing operation, or some of them went to Georgia Tech. Then the\nthird group was a, went to Girls' High. The girls went to . . . a comprehensive\nhigh school for girls, and then there was a fourth high school called Commercial\nHigh, which was where you went to business. That was downtown, it's still\noccupied by the school board. Of course there was a fifth one that we didn't\ncount, that was a black school. That was Washington High, which was really our\nfirst comprehensive high school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10927.0,10957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is still in existence. It's a wonderful school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10957.0,10961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But what were your high school years like? You played ball and had fun\nand worked on AZA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10961.0,10970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes and met some fantastic teachers. Really wonderful intellectual experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10970.0,10975.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were you a good high school student?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10975.0,10979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I barely made it through anything. I . . . may have been a B student.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10979.0,10987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It would have been on the low end of the B, I suspect. I don't remember. I just\nremember I . . . wasn't very good. I really didn't achieve very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10987.0,11000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Nothing turns you on particularly in high school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11000.0,11004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Not really. Not intellectually. I enjoyed reading. I enjoyed the academic\nstuff. My tendency was always to major things I was weakest in. I majored in\nmathematics because that was my weakest subject. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11004.0,11018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I went to Emory, I very\nseriously thought I'd go into history because . . . I heard that was the hardest\ncurriculum over there. It turned out that was the finance department at Emory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11018.0,11031.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's what you majored in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11031.0,11033.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I minored in it, but I did a lot of courses in it. But by that time,\nI was really getting serious, though I did very poorly for the first two years.\nBut nonetheless, I struggled [through] history. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11033.0,11048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I eventually ended up in\nsociology and economics. But I dropped out of school, I flunked out of school.\nI'm telling you I really did very poorly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11048.0,11059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I guess so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11059.0,11061.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They invited me to leave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11061.0,11063.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What year was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11063.0,11065.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: 1948.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11065.0,11066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What did your family have to say about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11066.0,11070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My father was very tolerant. My mother, who was . . . very much a\nintellectual, constant reader. Very brilliant woman. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11070.0,11079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My parents were not harsh\ndisciplinarians, and they were very understanding. My father said, \"Well, you\nknow\" . . . I remember when I was invited to leave . . . What happened was I\nspent two years in school, kind of B'ish, low B student with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11079.0,11109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some C's and some\nD's on my report cards and just struggling along. Then at Emory, you took a\ncore, a large core but fairly much assigned first two year of courses. Everyone\ndid it for the first two years, liberal arts. Then in your last two years you\nmoved into a major. That's how the curriculum was broken down. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11109.0,11139.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I chose to go\ninto business school, a disastrous decision, I have to say. I got in business\nschool, and I lasted one term. I tell you, I really was a fish out of water. I\ndid very, very badly, so badly that the dean decided that maybe I ought to drop\nout for a while and think about it. Now, I'll never forget. I caught a streetcar\nand went downtown to my father's office and walked in the office and told him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11139.0,11169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nhad just been asked to leave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11169.0,11172.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were you upset?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11172.0,11174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. I had achieved certain successes, never in school, but . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11174.0,11181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You couldn't believe it happened to you. You were too smart to flunk out\nof school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11181.0,11189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm not sure . . . it was that as much as I was embarrassed. I was\nembarrassed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11189.0,11198.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it really, I didn't know what I was going to do. My father\ntook me by the hand, and we went over, he had a friend who was an insurance\nsalesman for John Hancock. This guy agreed to take me in as an apprentice and\nteach me the insurance business. I struggled on that for about three or four\nmonths. It was a disaster . . . I just couldn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11198.0,11228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sell people something that I\ndidn't, I knew very little about. That I just didn't see the value of that much.\nI was just awful. This was in . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11228.0,11239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How old were you, about 20?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11239.0,11242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I wasn't that old. Let's see, it was after my first year . . . No, I\nwas 19.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11242.0,11250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You were still doing your AZA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11250.0,11253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh yes. AZA was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11253.0,11256.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Kept you going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11256.0,11259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11259.0,11259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By fall, Emory agreed to take me back in, but I went back into the . . .\nliberal arts and majored in sociology. My grades jumped and I may have made . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11259.0,11274.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Had you been to Brandeis that summer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11274.0,11279.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, that was the next summer when I really . . . but I came back, and I\nbegan to do much better. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11279.0,11289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No C's, no D's, no flunks. Struggling along as a solid\nB student. Then I went to Brandeis, which really turned me on. I came back and I\nbecame almost a straight-A student and realized that I needed to go to keep\nlearning in college because I hadn't learned something. I went on to graduate\nschool and got my master's . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11289.0,11314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Where did you go to graduate school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11314.0,11318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11318.0,11319.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my Masters of Sociology, University of Tennessee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11319.0,11322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You moved to Knoxville [Tennessee]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11322.0,11325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. But there was [another] event that I might mention to you, and that\nis, during the summer of, this would have been summer of 1949. No, it would have\nbeen the summer of 1950, right after I graduated. I became a counselor at Blue\nStar. Now Blue Star, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11325.0,11349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to that time was in north Georgia, where Sky Lake is\nnow, but they had built this land in North Carolina . . . near Asheville. I went\nup there . . . to work as a camp [counselor]. But they needed a music director.\nI had . . . I didn't tell you about my . . . One of the other big things in my\nlife was singing. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11349.0,11379.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was always singing from the time I was in elementary school;\nI remember singing. I was always a Jesus's figure in the musicals in elementary\nschool. I . . . always had these; in all the musicals, I always had the lead\nrole. I always sang. I was always in Glee Club. I remember we had . . . I was in\nGlee Club at O'Keefe. In fact, they had a special quartet that, funny how you\nremember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11379.0,11409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these things now that we're talking [indistinct: 3:10:03]. Once I start\ntalking, I'm going to tell you more than you really want to know, but we had\nthis quartet at O'Keefe, and we went to the state finals and were given the\nhighest honors and so forth. But I . . . went to Boys' High Glee Club and I was\na soloist there. I had forgotten about all this [indistinct: 3:10:23] Dr.\nRumble. Douglas Rumble. I sang quite a bit, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11409.0,11439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I traveled through my singing\nwherever the Glee Club went, concerts and so forth, we went. The other person\nwho sang a lot in my crowd was, in that group was . . . Boys' High was a lot of\nJews. It was very heavily Jewish. Every Jew in the city went to Boys' High,\nwhich wasn't huge, but there was a huge proportion of the student body was Jewish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11439.0,11464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What do you think percent wise?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11464.0,11467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Probably 10 or 15 percent ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11467.0,11469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be my guess. But every Jew that you'll\ntalked to my age, I was in the next to last graduating class. It broke up the\nyear after I came. It's an interesting story because I'm active in the Boys'\nHigh, I am on the board of the Boys' High Alumni Association, and . . . I enjoy\nit because it's the only place I go to that I am the youngest person around\nbecause I was in the next to last graduating class. But Mark Taylor was the\nother big singer. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11469.0,11499.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mark Taylor here is a real estate developer. We used to sing\nduets together. Mark Taylor, I probably remember as early as I possibly, of\nanybody because I remember I was in Sunday school at The Temple. My father and\ngrandfather had a falling out and in a pick my father joined The Temple. When we\ncame back to Atlanta, we joined The Temple . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11499.0,11529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My grandfather died by that\ntime, but we joined The Temple. Rabbi [David] Marx, actually, who was at The\nTemple, this anti-Zionist temple, he actually married my mother and father. This\nwas in 1923, the year after my grandfather died. But this was an act of kind of\nenough, because my grandfather . . . was one of the founders of AA. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11529.0,11559.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But my\nfather, for whatever reason, that I'm not clear on or my sister probably knows,\nwould tell you what happened there. Anyway, we joined The Temple when I came\nback briefly and then we didn't stay very long, we went back to AA. But I\nremember Mark Taylor in Sunday school with me over there. I remember Mark Taylor\nfrom very, very early years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11559.0,11578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Mark went to The Temple.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11578.0,11580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was in the, I remember he was in it, because I had a picture. My first\npictures I remember was that kindergarten picture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11580.0,11587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Are you the same age?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11587.0,11589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11589.0,11589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's about a few months old than I am, about the same age. We went to\nhigh school together. Anyway, bu music was a major part of my life. I love\nmusic, and so I thought of . . . actually studying it seriously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11589.0,11606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You were the musical director at Bluestar?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11606.0,11609.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes. I went to camp, and they lost the music director, so I became\nthe music director. I had a, let me think what the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11609.0,11619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coincidence of this because,\nI remember I had a girls glee club from here. One of the girls in one of the\nZionist, Young Judea group needed a choral director. No . . . I was at Emory at\nthe time. This is later, I guess, no, this is about the same time. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11619.0,11649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I became\nthe music director up there and we had a wonderful summer. But when I came back,\nthis was the summer of 1950. I just graduated from college and I . . . had been\naccepted into graduate school at the University of Tennessee in sociology. I\ncame home, we're still living on Elkmont Drive or Brookridge Drive, that area.\nThere sitting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11649.0,11679.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on my desk was a letter from the U.S. government saying that I\nshould come in for a physical. I . . . went out to be examined for the Korean\nWar, but I'd already been accepted into graduate school, so it gave me a one\nyear deferment because it was a one year master's program. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11679.0,11709.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was not inducted, I\ndid take my physical, but I . . . was given a deferment in order to go off to\ngraduate school. They were very easy to get in those days. It wasn't clear how\nlong we were going to be in Korea or anything like that. It didn't involve a lot\nof people like World War II involved everybody. This was not a big army that\nwent over there. They . . . were very easy to get a deferment, which I did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11709.0,11736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How was your year at UT [University of Tennessee]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11736.0,11739.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11739.0,11739.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was all right. I got, in order to pay for it, I didt't have any money.\nWe never had any money. The fraternity, national organization gave me a little\nmoney to help organize the fraternity, which was AEPi. It was really struggling\nto exist up there, and they gave me a little money to move the house and sort of\ntry to reorganize AEPi. I had free living, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11739.0,11769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"small stipend. I went to the head of\nthe department. One of the things that happened to me when I was at Emory, I was\nin sociology, and I was involved in the sociology club there. One of our\nspeakers at one of our club meetings was the head of the sociology department,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11769.0,11799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Allen . . . Albert. He came and talked about . . . City Planning. He was\nchairman of the joint Atlanta-Fulton County Planning Commission. He came and\ntalked about city planning, and here I was a senior in sociology, had no idea\nwhat I wanted to do. In fact, I went to graduate school because I didn't have\nanything else to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11799.0,11829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11829.0,11829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is Ray Ann Kramer interviewing Leon Eplan on December 11, 1993, for\nthe American Jewish Committee, the Atlanta Jewish Federation, and the National\nCouncil of Jewish Women. This is tape three, side one, and we are continuing for\na little bit from tape two, and then we'll stop and go on to another day. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11829.0,11859.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But\nLeon would you continue your story?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11859.0,11861.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I think we were talking about that when I was . . . Dr. Albert, who\nwas head of the Department of Sociology and was also chair of the Joint . . .\nCity County Planning Commission, came by and talked about this emergent field of\ncity planning. I was a senior and I really, in sociology . . . didn't know what\nI wanted to do with myself. I had applied to go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11861.0,11889.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to graduate school in sociology\nlargely because I didn't know what else to do with myself, and I was kind of\ninterested in sociology . . . But I wanted to ask him about this field. He said,\n\"It's interesting because they're starting a graduate program at Georgia Tech in\nsociology.\" [He] give me the name of Ike Saporta. S-A-P-O-R-T-A. Ike Saporta,\nwho was an architect on the faculty there, but who was interested in city\nplanning and was sort of putting the curriculum together. I went over to Georgia\nTech, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11889.0,11919.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I found Ike Saporta, who later became a very good friend of mine, and\nhis daughter is Maria Saporta, the writer in the paper, who is a very good\nfriend. But Ike was telling me, \"We are putting this together, but we're\nprobably a year away.\" I said, \"Okay, but I'm going on to graduate school in\nsociology.\" I dropped the idea, I went on to sociology at the University of\nTennessee and I needed some money. I didn't have any money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11919.0,11948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11948.0,11949.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You told me how you got it from APEi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11949.0,11952.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: [There] was that, but I needed some other money. I began to edit a church\nnewspaper . . . Anything that I could find to earn some money. I went to the\nhead of the sociologist department, whose name I'll remember in just a minute.\nCole. Dr. [William] Cole. I said, \"Is there any kind of assistantships?\" He\nsaid, \"We don't have that, but I'm chairman of the City County Planning\nCommission ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11952.0,11979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the planning director is looking for some research. He may be\nable to give you some job.\" I went down . . . It takes a while for my memory to\nremember, this guy . . . became a very good friend in the future. Bob, and I'll\nthink of his last name in a minute. But anyhow, he said, \"Yes, I need some\nresearch on leadership. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11979.0,12009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to find out how do you determine who the leaders\nof the community [are]?\" I began doing that research and I worked with him\nthroughout the year. He told me, he said, \"You know, you ought to be a city\nplanner. You . . . really have a knack for it.\" I really didn't want to be a\nsociologist. First place. . . it became quite obvious with me that I didn't like\nsociologists. I didn't like the students. I particularly didn't like the faculty. They\nwere just so totally turned into themselves. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12009.0,12039.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wanted to work with people. I\nwanted to be . . . out in the community. I . . . didn't want to be wrapped up. I\ndid extremely well academically. I was straight A's. Really, I did extremely\nwell. But he said, \"Why don't you think about going on to graduate school . . .\nin city planning.\" He says, \"I went to North Carolina, and I'll call the\ndirector over there and talk to him about it\" Sure enough by the end of that\nyear I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12039.0,12069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so fed up with sociologists that I got on the bus and went to Chapel\nHill [North Carolina] and met Dr. Parker . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12069.0,12077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But you had finished your masters?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12077.0,12080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I didn't quite finish. I became so frustrated, so disappointed, and so I\njust didn't write my thesis. I began it. I wrote a couple, three chapters, but I\ndidn't finish. I went over there and started and just to finish off this story\nbecause I know you want to wind it, but just to tell you that . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12080.0,12099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the master's\nplanning in city planning which [is] really in regional planning. It was\ntechnically the name my master's was in. It's a two year program and then you\ninterned during the summer with some planning program. I interned in Raleigh,\nNorth Carolina, and while I was there, I picked up, I went back and looked at my\nnotes in sociology and so forth and began to pick it up again. While I was there\nin the summer I wrote my thesis. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12099.0,12129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I went back to North Carolina, they\nrequired a thesis there too, including in addition to six exams and orals and\neverything. It was really tough to get your master's in city planning. At the\nend of my interviews in city planning, everybody said, \"You did very well. We\nliked everything.\" My grades were quite good. I did extremely well . . . One of\nthe professors said, \"What are you going to do next?\" I said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12129.0,12159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Immediately, I'm\ngetting back on a bus. I am going back . . . to Tennessee because I . . .\nfinished up my thesis in sociology.\" I had never impressed the faculty with my\nbeen serious because I was always a jokester . . . They never thought I was\ngoing to do anything, get anywhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12159.0,12178.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who are you talking about, at Tennessee. . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12178.0,12182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Faculty at North Carolina. The fact that I had not only finished my\ncourses, wrote a thesis ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12182.0,12189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was acceptable at North Carolina, did all my orals,\ntook six exams, and wrote my thesis. I finally impressed them that I was good. I\nwent back and took orals. My two degrees, if you look on the certificates, are\ntwo master's degrees issued within seven days of each other. That was what\nhappened there. But that's how I got in sociology. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12189.0,12219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I . . . happened to blend in\nthat speech that I heard. Then accidentally . . . getting this job as a research\nassistant at the city planning department in Knoxville.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12219.0,12232.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's how you got into city planning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12232.0,12235.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I'm sorry, in Knoxville. Then . . . going to North Carolina, that's\nhow I stumbled in it. I will tell you . . . it could not have been more\nfortuitous. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12235.0,12249.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I couldn't possibly imagine spending my life doing anything more\nrewarding than being a city planner. It's just been an incredible, wonderful\ncareer for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12249.0,12258.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's great. We'll get into what you've done with that career at a\nlater date. Just one more question, because it fits in with the other. APEi at\nEmory, how was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12258.0,12270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: My father founded the APEi chapter at Emory. I think I may have mentioned\nthat earlier, as well as the one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12270.0,12278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Georgia Tech. The Epsilon chapter at Emory,\nthe Zeta chapter at Tech and helped revive them. The one at Tech had been in\ntrouble and he helped revive the one at Georgia and was very active nationally\nin APEi work and was awarded their outstanding award for an alumni called the\nGibson Award. But he was the national secretary, he did a lot of things. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12278.0,12308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went\nto Emory . . . I flirted with going to the other Jewish fraternity, which was\nTEP, but knowing that I would never . . . and they knew it too. I . . . made\nthis reputation in AZA, so they really pursued me very vigorously because they\nfelt that I would be active in the chapter. I never got enormously active. I was\nactive to some extent, but I never, in fact, they were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12308.0,12338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always resentful because\nthey wanted me to move up and to become president of the fraternity. I was just\nso wedded to AZA that I never really and I stayed with AZA so late in my life at\nEmory that I never really took the fraternity seriously. Frankly, I've never\ntaken fraternity seriously. I don't regard it as a meaningful. I didn't then. I\ndon't regard it since, even though the national chapter continued to pursue me\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12338.0,12368.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of my father, and because of my work at Tennessee, pursued me to become\nmore active. I never did because I don't regard that as a meaningful experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12368.0,12379.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What about your relationships with some of the guys? Who was in the fraternity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12379.0,12385.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's interesting. There is a number of Atlanta people. My friend Alan\nSalzman, who became the architect, who died, was a roommate for a while. There\nwas a number of people. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12385.0,12398.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My present periodontist was my little brother and my . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12398.0,12404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Who was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12404.0,12407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Ed Zwig.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12407.0,12408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How do you spell that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12408.0,12411.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Z-W-I-G. My . . . dental surgeon. What do you call a dental surgeon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12411.0,12418.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oral surgeon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12418.0,12419.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oral surgeon was a fraternity brother of mine. Perry Brookman, who is\nvery well known. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12419.0,12427.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a number of people who, Clyde Rodbell here and a whole\nbunch of people I was active in the fraternity. But interesting as I look back .\n. . on a lot of experiences in high school, in AZA, in the Army I had a\nwonderful experience in the Army. Some of my best friends are still my people I\nwas active in the Army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12427.0,12453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We'll get to the Army later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12453.0,12456.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Right. The experience ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12456.0,12458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I walked away with fewer permanent friends was\nthe fraternity, which almost belies the whole notion of fraternity, your suppose\nto make lifelong friends. I found it not a meaningful experience. It is for a\nlot of people, I'm not saying it's not, for me it wasn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12458.0,12482.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay, we're going to stop here and continue again. Thank you. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12482.0,12488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today is\nJanuary 30, 1994. This is Ray Ann Kremer interviewing Leon Eplan in his home.\nThis is the continuation of tape three. But this is our third meeting. This is\nfor the Atlanta Jewish Oral History Project, sponsored by ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12488.0,12518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the National Council\nof Jewish Women, the American Jewish Committee, and the Atlanta Jewish\nFederation. Leon, I think what we haven't touched on was after you got your last\ndegrees, you then went into the Army. You got a postponement, as I recall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12518.0,12539.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I actually went into the Army in 1953 and stayed until 1955. I was at\nFort Gordon, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12539.0,12548.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time Camp Gordon, Georgia, in Augusta. I was there for 21\nmonths. Then in 1955, I went to Europe, in the fall of 1955, I went to Europe to\n. . . work on my doctorate there at the London School of Economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12548.0,12564.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Is that where you got your doctorate?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12564.0,12567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I didn't get a doctorate. No, I . . . decided it just wasn't worth to me\nto spend the several years. It really didn't add that much to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12567.0,12578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my ability to\npractice city planning. The question was whether I was going to teach or not,\nand I decided I really didn't want to teach. Partly it was because I wanted to\nlive in Europe. I enjoyed it and I had the GI Bill. In those days, you could\nalmost live on GI Bill for what it cost to live in Europe in the 1950's, the\nmid-1950's. It was partly an excuse and partly while I began to think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12578.0,12608.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through my\nlife on what I wanted to do, and I was fairly certain that I did not want to\nteach, but I wanted to practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12608.0,12620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay. You didn't want to teach. How long were you in London?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12620.0,12626.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I spent one academic year and I did teach, I was teaching on Airforce\nbases for the University of Maryland to earn extra money. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12626.0,12638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I taught in the\nMidlands two or three nights a week, I'd commute up there. Then that summer of\n1956, I went to Scotland and lived in Edinburgh [Scotland] and taught on bases -\none outside Edinburgh, one outside Glasgow [Scotland] at Prestwick [Scotland].\nAt the end of the summer, I came back to London, loaded up my things, ship them\nback ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12638.0,12668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and took a knapsack and headed across Europe. I hitchhiked through the\nlowlands, and up through Scandinavia through Germany . . . went up the Rhine\nRiver . . . spent four months actually just sort of wandering around, ended up\nin . . . had some contacts by an Army friend of mine in Yugoslavia, a man who\nwas connected ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12668.0,12698.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the London conference in 1919 that set up Yugoslavia and went\nto Vienna [Austria].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12698.0,12703.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did you do this traveling alone?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12703.0,12706.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I was traveling alone. I had a knapsack on my back. You stayed in\nyouth hostels, and you'd meet somebody and you may travel with them a day or\ntwo. Then they go . . . because your way would coincide. Then they would\ncontinue on their way, and I on mine. Sometimes I was by myself, sometimes I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12706.0,12728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was\nwith maybe another party or two. But I went through Yugoslavia, Zagreb [Croatia]\nand Skopje [North Macedonia] and then went down, all the way down to Athens\n[Greece]. Met a couple, an American couple there who was driving to Istanbul\n[Turkey], and so I got in the car with them and went with them and their\nchildren to Istanbul ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12728.0,12758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and rode a train across Turkey and then a boat to Haifa\n[Israel]. This was in 1956, and this was about the fall of 1956. I worked on a\ncouple of kibbutzim there then the war broke out. In fact, I was staying in a\nyouth hostel in Jerusalem, and I came down in the morning, I remember there was\nonly one other person in the hostel. I see . . . there was nobody around. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12758.0,12788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nfinally was able to communicate with a warden's wife. She spoke Hebrew and some\nYiddish. I spoke a little German and we finally communicate enough to the extent\nthat I found out there was a war on. I looked out the window and there were\nthese New York taxi, rejected taxi cabs going out into the desert full of\nsoldiers, guns were coming out of the windows and everything. That was the 1956\nwar. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12788.0,12818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I stayed there for a few more days, but . . . the US government had\nannounced that the Navy would take whoever wanted to leave out of the country. I\ndecided I needed to get back. I was really anxious to get back to the country,\nso I went to Haifa and boarded a US destroyer. We went to Crete, they put us on\na tanker . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12818.0,12848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then they got me out unceremoniously on the dock in Naples\n[Italy]. I worked my way up the coast to Rome [Italy] where a friend of mine,\nJerry Cooper, the architect, Cooper Carry, was on a Fulbright so I bunked in\nwith him until I could get a boat back to America. It was a very exciting part\nof my life. I returned here around the end of November, the first of December of\n1956. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12848.0,12878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1087","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had thought about going to New York. I was offered a position in New\nYork with a city planning consulting firm in Rye, New York actually, just north\nin Westchester. I was about to go to that job when I bumped into a classmate of\nmine from my graduate work in city planning ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12878.0,12908.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1088","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in North Carolina who dragged me\nover to meet his boss, Phil Hammer, who was a very famous economist. They talked\nme into forgetting to go to New York and stay here, and working with them, which\nI did. I decided I really had traveled so much and was so much away from home\nthat I decided . . . to forget the job in New York. I stayed here for about a\nyear and a half working with Hammer and Company. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12908.0,12938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1089","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Phil Hammer was probably my\ngreat mentor in the city planning and economics, which I both specialized in.\nWorked for them a year and a half, and then eventually I went with a New York\nfirm that was headquartered in New Jersey, city planning firm. I moved to New\nYork. I had begun to date my present wife, Madalyne, but things were not going\nextremely well, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12938.0,12968.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1090","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we sort of split, and I went up there. After a year, we got\nback together, got married, and she moved up to New York. I was in New York area\nfor about three years. In 1961 came back to Atlanta. I was offered a position\nwith a large city planning consulting firm here. I stayed with that firm for 12\nyears or . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12968.0,12993.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1091","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Now what firm was that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12993.0,12996.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1092","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: At the time it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12996.0,12998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1093","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was called Hill and Adley. A-D-L-E-Y, I think. But they\nsplit after a year, and I went with Eric Hill and we formed a partnership . . .\nThat lasted for about 12 years until I went to the city in 1974.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12998.0,13018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1094","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now what year did you and Madalyne marry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13018.0,13022.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1095","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: 1959.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13022.0,13023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1096","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did you meet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13023.0,13025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's interesting how we met. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13025.0,13028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About a week after I got home, a close\nfriend of my parents, the Frankels, had a son who I was very close to by [the]\nname of Ted Frankel, who's an attorney here. [Ted and Sidelle] were in the\nservice out in Washington, and they were coming home . . . Mrs. [Rebecca]\nFrankel called me to tell me they wanted to give a little party of their\nfriends. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13028.0,13058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was very anxious because I had been away for years, and I was very\ninterested to see all these people as well. I went to that party. It was\ninteresting because Madalyne had moved, this was in 1957 . . . 1956, and\nMadalyne had just moved here from college, University of Texas. She ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13058.0,13088.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was renting\na room at the Frankel household. Mrs. Frankel, who was very close to my parents\n. . . Mr. [Joseph] Frankel had grown up with my father on the southside of town,\nwas a member of the Don't Worry Club and that type of thing. Very close\nrelationship, born the same year in fact, in 1896. Anyway, Mrs. Frankel\nintroduced me to Madalyne at this party ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13088.0,13118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we began dating. We dated for a year\n. . . a little over a year before I moved to New York. But what makes it\nparticularly interesting is that Ted Frankel, for whom [they threw the party,\nhis son], Craig is . . . marrie[d] to my daughter, Jana. We had this\ngenerational thing of Mr. Frankel. Joe Frankel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13118.0,13148.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being born . . . the same year as\nmy father, growing up together, Don't Worry Club. Joe Frankel was in my father's\nwedding in 1923. When Madalyne got married in 1959, Ted Frankel, his son, was in\nour wedding. Then . . . our children got married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13148.0,13178.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1991. There's been almost\n100 years of close relationship between the two of families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13178.0,13183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, that's nice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13183.0,13184.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. That's how I met Madalyne . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13184.0,13188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Madalyne's maiden name was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13188.0,13191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Buchman. Madalyne Buchman. She was from Mobile [Alabama]. She grew up in\nMobile and went off to the University of Texas because they had an early\nlearning education program. One of the few in the country was at Texas and she\nwanted to . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13191.0,13208.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teach kindergarten. When she graduated, came to Atlanta because\nthere were only four cities in the South that had public kindergartens at the\ntime. Dallas [Texas] had one, I think, in Memphis, Atlanta, maybe one other. She\ncame to Atlanta because Atlanta was the closest to Mobile, and Atlanta had a\npublic kindergarten. She was drawn here because of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13208.0,13228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You got married and you lived in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13228.0,13231.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Lived in New York. Madalyne and I lived in . . . I was living in the\nVillage ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13231.0,13237.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an unbelievably slum area in the Village for about a year and a half.\nThen we got married, we moved to Maplewood, New Jersey, and Madalyne [was]\ninterviewed and began teaching kindergarten in the Maplewood South Orange\nsystem. It didn't last a long time because Madalyne began expecting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13237.0,13267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a child in\nElise, pretty soon afterwards, and in those days they did not allow pregnant\nwomen to [be] teaching children. Her teaching career took an abrupt end. We\nmoved, the place we were living in Maplewood was too small, so we moved into\nNewark [New Jersey], a very lovely part of Newark, which is no longer lovely.\nBut at that time, unbeknownst to us, it was a very heavily Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13267.0,13297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"area and it\nwas . . . on Bergen Street and with all the Jewish stores. We didn't know Bergen\nStreet or the Weequahic area. It turns out that's where a lot of . . . who\nwrote, gentleman who wrote Goodbye Columbus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13297.0,13311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Philip Roth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13311.0,13312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Philip Roth, he grew up in that area. He writes about that area, it was\nkind of interesting. It was a wonderful place. We lived there for about two\nyears and then came back to Atlanta in 1961, when I was offered ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13312.0,13326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this job in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13326.0,13328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Had there's been much of a change in the years that you were you gone.\nWhat differences were you noticing in Atlanta? Of course, you were at a\ndifferent stage in life. You were a father, at that point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13328.0,13345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: [By] that time, I was 30 . . . almost 31 when I got married. I was not a\nyoung person when I came back. I had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13345.0,13357.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived around the world, travel quite\nextensively, studied abroad and everything. I had a chance to really, and my\nfield was city planning . . . so I was able to really look at Atlanta. It was\nclear that Atlanta was emerging from a small provincial city to one of regional\nimportance. Atlanta . . . the South was beginning to really flourish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13357.0,13383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now you were telling about the difference between, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13383.0,13387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say, 1950 and 1960\nnow . . . was it just dramatic those ten years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13387.0,13392.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It really was, because after the war the South had been . . . before the\nwar, the South had been . . . in much of an agricultural region. What the war\ndid is, it located a large number of manufacturing plants in the South, and\nparticularly the cities in the South. It began to build an industrial base. We\nbegan to move away from the . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13392.0,13417.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost total reliance on agriculture to an\nindustrial base, and not just simply the cheap kind of industrial base that we\nknew like textiles and apparel, but into real machinery and into aircraft and a\nlot of other things. We began to see an emerging in the 1950's where . . . we\nhad always seen an outflow of people from the region. We began to see new people\ncoming into the region and people who were different than Southerners . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13417.0,13447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the\nSouth began to change. It was the civil rights days. [It] began to emerge. I\nbegan to see it on the campuses. When I was at Emory in the 1940's, I began to\nget involved with some civil rights things. Then when I was at North Carolina in\nthe 1950's, mid 1950, early 1950's, rather, 1951 through 1953, there was a lot\nof racial agitation ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13447.0,13477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among whites to get blacks into school, and the newspapers\nwere considered very radical. The communist threat was there and we had a\nwell-known communist newspaper floating around being printed in the back of the\nintimate bookstore down on Main Street. It was a time of ferment. We think of\nthe 1960's and ferment, but you could see the South in real ferment in the\n1950's. You see the beginnings of it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13477.0,13507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the . . . 1954, Brown v. Board of\nEducation . . . came and they began to enforce integration, so things began to\nemerge. New people began to move in. There was a lot of ferment going. A new\ngeneration was coming, the population was increasing, and a lot of growth was\noccurring. The change in the 1950's and 1960's were extremely dramatic. Atlanta\n. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13507.0,13533.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Do you feel Atlanta was handling it well ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13533.0,13537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"structurally?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13537.0,13537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Atlanta, I was about to say, Atlanta . . . was one of the few places that\nhad a financial base . . . Atlanta began to be the financial center for\nunderwriting a lot of growth that was taking place. As the economy moved away\nfrom a industrial economy to an office economy, information economy, Atlanta . .\n. also had that kind of economy. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13537.0,13567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That had a lot to do with the racial situation\nhere. We had an unusually, one of the largest actually, black university or\ncollege base in the country, and that had trained a whole middle class. Out of\nAtlanta came the leadership of the Civil Rights Movement. If any city could be\nthought of as the birthplace of the Civil Rights Movement, it had to be Atlanta.\nThat's where Dr. [Martin Luther] King was, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13567.0,13597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of the early people that\nwere involved, John Lewis and Julian Bond and a lot of the of the young leaders,\nWhitney Young was at Morehouse at the time. You could just feel the change\nbeginning to occur. I remember when I came back one Christmas time from the\nUniversity of Tennessee, the NAACP [National Association for the Advancement of\nColored People] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had the national convention here, that was 1951. They had the\nmeeting at the auditorium. It was against the law for blacks and whites to\nconvene in a mixed situation. But Atlanta had already begun [to] turn its eye\nthe other way and allow things to occur. I went down to that convention. I\nremember that's where I learned the black national anthem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13627.0,13651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why did you go to it? What prompted you to go do that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13651.0,13656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13656.0,13656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I . . . wasn't radical, but I had a very strong liberal tendencies. It\ngrew out of . . . my family, my father, particularly, who was a very liberal\nman, very liberal ideas. He had black clients, as well as white clients. We\nspoke of liberal ideas. He was a very early Zionists. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13656.0,13686.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We were very tolerant\nfamily when I was growing up of social change. I guess that's what led me into\nsociology, and sociology led me into thinking a little more in a creative and\norganizational way, academic way into thinking about social change and social\norganization. I wrote my thesis on social . . . on community organization, in\nfact, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13686.0,13716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my master's thesis in Tennessee. I guess I began to be drawn to the\nterrible situation of blacks were living in here. It is unbelievable what\nexisted. We had a form of economic slavery . . . and apartheid that existed in\nthe South in those days were extreme.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13716.0,13736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Were there many whites at this convention that you went to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13736.0,13741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Not many. I would say if there were five percent, I'd be surprised. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13741.0,13747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nremember sitting in the old auditorium and listening to Roy Wilkins speak, and I\ntell you, I went with Lynn Frank, Lynn Lerman now, that's Larry Frank's sister.\nShe was a very good friend of mine. We didn't date, she was just a good friend.\nI remember the two of us going down to this convention together to city\nauditorium. I don't know, it was just . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13747.0,13777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't find anything particularly\nodd about it. In fact . . . my second date with Madalyne . . . when I met her at\nthe Frankel household, we went out the next night. We went to a tavern, but the\nfirst real date we had, we went over to hear the Spelman College Christmas Glee\nClub program, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13777.0,13807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Spelman College. Madalyne has always felt that was probably a\nsignificant [reason] in her being interested in me as anything we did. She had\nnever met anybody who went out and was comfortable going to black . . . kind of\nthing, even a glee club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13807.0,13825.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did you find out about it? . . . Was it in the paper? Did . . .\nsomeone tell you? Did you ask? That's kind of a subjective ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13825.0,13837.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"question, because\nnow, of course, in the paper, they publish everything going on everywhere. But\nin those days, did they publish black happenings at Spelman College?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13837.0,13848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Good question. I have no idea how I knew about the concert. Madalyne and\nI still go to the Christmas concert . . . not every year, but occasionally, most years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13848.0,13862.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Did you have any blacks that you were close ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13862.0,13866.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to at that point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13866.0,13868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: None.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13868.0,13869.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You just kind of went because, you were gone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13869.0,13873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: When I was at Emory in the 1940's, I forgot all about this. When I was in\nthe 1940's . . . It was 1949 because I was, maybe it was 1950 . . . maybe the\nfall of 1949 probably, I went to, I don't know how I got involved. But a small\ngroup of us, about four or five, decided ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13873.0,13897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to invite some blacks onto campus at\nEmory. We used to meet in the dormitory, and we decided to form an NAACP\nchapter, I thought you could go and form a chapter, I didn't know anything\ndifferent. I found out later you can't do things like that. But we had a couple\nof meetings of blacks on campus. It was against state law for . . . any school\nto be integrated. In fact, so I was hauled in, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13897.0,13927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe not hauled in, I was\ninvited in . . . with two others. I remember one was a theology student and I\ncan't remember what the third one was, by Dean Reese at Emory, whom I knew. [He]\nwas the dean of men and he said, \"You know that really was not the proper thing\nto do here . . . they understand.\" He was very tolerant. He was saying he\nunderstood why we felt, but . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13927.0,13957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a state law . . . it was a private\nuniversity, if they began to integrate with a state law, they would lose their\ntax exemption and that they could not really support our doing what we were\ndoing. It kind of fizzled out. It wasn't anything . . . I was interested in\ngraduating, and I had a lot of other things, but it created a little wave ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13957.0,13987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"across\ncampus that I was involved in this type of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13987.0,13990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did going to that convention . . . How were you influenced by that? Did\nit prompt you to go on and do other things or was it just one of those things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13990.0,14000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I don't think so. I didn't have, I can't recall having black friends . .\n. In 1950, I went to graduate school at the University of Tennessee, there were\nno blacks there. When I came back to Atlanta, it was just, I don't know why I\ndecided to go. I have no idea why I decided to go. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14000.0,14017.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was not . . . a radical or\nmy life wasn't built around this issue. It was just something that I felt that I\nought to be doing, that I ought to be participating in. I ought to at least add\nmy voice . . . even if it wasn't loud to the clamor for equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14017.0,14042.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay. We're now into the 1960's . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14042.0,14046.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14046.0,14046.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . . Yes, we're slowly moving . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14046.0,14050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . We're trying to get there. You're talking about the changes in\nAtlanta that people are coming . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14050.0,14060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . The city began to explode . . . and the economy began to change.\nWhen we came out of the war . . . World War II, there was a discussion and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14060.0,14076.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quite\na bit of discussion of where the leading cities were going to be in the South.\nOur great rival was Birmingham. That time, Birmingham had a population,\nmetropolitan population of about a half million. We had about 450,000, so it was\nvery [much] larger. But they had an industrial base and the perception was that\nSouth was going to industrialized, and Birmingham was going to take off. It\nturned out that Birmingham did not have the right industrial base. It was steel\nand heavy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14076.0,14106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then it kind of [indistinct: 3:55:03] and it didn't develop.\nWhereas, Atlanta which had this strong financial and office space, service\nrelated base was one that fit in the U.S. economy and what happened after the\nwar. It was Atlanta that took off. Now we have 2.8 million and they have under 1\nmillion, and so it's the whole thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14106.0,14131.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you think it was by luck or do you think that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14131.0,14136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our city planners or\nwhatever did the right thing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14136.0,14141.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It wasn't lucky, it had to do with the culture. Atlanta, for whatever\nreason, had developed a strong liberal newspaper in the Constitution, whereas\nBirmingham did not. Atlanta had at least a progressive business community, even\nthough they were pushed, screaming and shouting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14141.0,14166.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the civil rights, through\nthe Civil Rights Movement into opening the doors. They did that. They decided\nthat's what they're going to do . . . They wanted to be a world class city, and\nthey knew deep down people like Coca-Cola, which operated worldwide, that\nAtlanta had to be a different kind of city. In Birmingham, it was held down by\nlayers of people who at the state level, particularly, who refused to allow the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14166.0,14196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"city to change from its segregationist roots. In Atlanta, it begin to take off .\n. . Again, we have an enlightened middle class black community with all the\nblack universities and black entrepreneurship developing and so forth. Atlanta\nbegan to get a decent sized middle class of blacks, educated blacks, and most\ncities didn't have that. Then again, I can't begin to tell you . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14196.0,14222.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Do you feel that Ralph McGill ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14222.0,14226.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the newspaper really had a\nprofound . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14226.0,14229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . It was fundamental . . . even today, I've always felt the most\nprogressive city, that you do not have progressive cities in the world, unless\nyou have a thoroughly good newspaper.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14229.0,14239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But we don't have a fairly good newspaper now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14239.0,14242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, we do . . . we have a fairly, it's not a New York Times or The\nWashington Post, but it's a fairly good newspaper. It's not everything I want.\nIt's not anywhere near as good as I would want. It was a better newspaper in\nthose days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14242.0,14255.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14255.0,14256.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: But nonetheless, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14256.0,14257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's still an . . . fairly good newspaper. They have\nvery good reporters. But anyhow, Atlanta, for a number of reasons, decided it\nwanted to be more. They were pushed into it by a strong middle class and\neducated black community into doing what it needed to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14257.0,14277.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who are some of the other leaders by name that you felt really made a difference?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14277.0,14284.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: In the white community?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14284.0,14286.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14286.0,14286.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, at that time in the 1960's, that really helped make the change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14286.0,14290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: From the 1960's, Ivan Allen was clearly the person. What's is interesting\nabout Ivan Allen, he came to the mayor, being mayor of Atlanta . . . directly\nfrom being the President of the Chamber of Commerce. Chamber of Commerce, which\nis a very, very old, stayed kind of institution. They were finally opened up,\nbut it took . . . screaming and shouting, but they were willing to do it, unlike\nBirmingham, which had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14290.0,14316.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this fascist kind of police chief, just a terrible place.\nBut the business community began to open up somewhat, and he was one of the\nleaders. He was from an old family. His father was a very famous leader of\nGeorgia. He . . . ran for lieutenant governor in 1959 on the platform, what the\nblacks . . . don't like to hear, \"Why don't we pay to send them back to Africa?\"\nThat was his thing. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14316.0,14346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He went, \"Why to send them back to Africa? Why not give\nmoney to get out and go back to Africa?\" That's not something that people\nthought about, because he . . . went through a metamorphosis of extraordinary\nproportion. In 1961, he became mayor, which is the year I came back to Atlanta.\nOur careers, I've known Ivan for all these years. Did a lot of work for him when\nI was a consultant, and I consider him to be a friend . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14346.0,14376.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He came in and he\ndidn't come in as a flaming change maker at all. It wasn't until he was a couple\nof years into his administration that some events occurred that began to change\nhim. One of them was what was happening nationally. We began to pass the Civil\nRights Act of 1964 and the Public Accommodation Act of 1965. We had a young\ncongressman, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14376.0,14406.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charlie Weltner, who was the only Deep South congressman to vote\nfor the Public Accommodations Act. Ivan Allen began to have a change, a total\nchange and being from an old line white establishment family, he could begin to\ninfluence some of his people. The man that headed Coca-Cola, Mr. [Robert]\nWoodruff . . . who was at the top of heap of the power structure, encouraged\nIvan to do things ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14406.0,14436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he did. You had a leadership begin to emerge, that began to\npull the other business people with it. You had other leaders like Rabbi [Jacob]\nRothschild, who was very helpful in the black community . . . Martin Luther\nKing, who was from Atlanta, and so we were much more conscious of the Civil\nRights Movement at the time. It was a city in enormous ferment, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14436.0,14466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was a\ncity that was willing to change even though they were resistant to change. They\nwere willing when it really came down to it. Rich's began to open up the\ndressing room, you see blacks couldn't change. Then eventually the water\nfountains and the bathrooms and everything began to change. Ivan Allen\nintegrated schools. In 1961, he came in and the first thing he did was to begin\nto lay the groundwork for integrating schools ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14466.0,14496.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then the golf courses. I\nremember he called. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14496.0,14499.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . When were the schools actually integrate here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14499.0,14502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: 1961.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14502.0,14502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: They really started in 1961.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14502.0,14503.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, the year he came in. I'm almost sure, it could have been 1962. I\nhave to say that it would seem like if he came in 1961 that he wouldn't have\ndone it that quick . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14503.0,14513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . This must have been one of the first Southern cities to really do\nit. They did it on their own without . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14513.0,14520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . No, it's the law . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14520.0,14523.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . The law, that they didn't have the troops ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14523.0,14526.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the court stuff and\nthe battle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14526.0,14529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. See, that was what was missing here that exists in Birmingham and\nMemphis and a lot of the other Southern cities. When I say that while we weren't\nhappy . . . begrudgingly we did these things, we did it without it. Now, that\ndoesn't mean there wasn't incidents. I'll mention that in a minute, but I\nremember I have to tell you that we began to integrate before Ivan Allen,\nHartsfield began to integrate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14529.0,14557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of Public Accommodations. There's a story\nof . . . my father was an avid golfer. He was well known. He ran golf\ntournaments for the Multiple Sclerosis Foundation and so forth and raised all\nthe money on these big celebrity tournaments. Played golf twice a week whether\nit rained or shined or snowed or anything like that. He was friendly with Mayor\nHartsfield. Mayor Hartsfield had appointed him to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14557.0,14587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Funds Review Board, which\nreviewed all the funds they were raising . . . in the city and he was a\nprominent attorney and everything. One day Hartsfield called my dad and said, \"I\nwant to tell you, tomorrow we're going to integrate the golf courses. I want you\nto go out there with your friends and I want you to play. I want you to go all\nthe way through and resist anything.\" Overnight someone had come . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14587.0,14617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"word had\ngotten out and someone had come in and . . . painted all racial slurs on all of\nthe benches along the golf course, which there were many at the time. By six\na.m. every bench had been repainted. I remember my dad going out and playing\ngolf because a group of blacks had shown up to play golf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14617.0,14639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's fabulous. What year was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14639.0,14642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: This had to be about 1960.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14642.0,14645.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's a wonderful story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14645.0,14647.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14647.0,14648.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My dad . . . did those things. We used to have, my dad was\ninstrumental at getting mixed meetings and lunch and dinners at the Progressive\nclub when he was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14648.0,14660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . You told me that story . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14660.0,14664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . When it was illegal to do that. You asked me before how did I come\nabout my own tendencies and obligate things. I grew up seeing blacks in his\nwaiting room, having blacks in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14664.0,14678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . . [tape stops and resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14678.0,14682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: This is tape three side two, a continuation of the interview with Leon\nEplan. All right, let's go keep on track into the 1960's . . . We're talking\nabout all these changes in Atlanta. The population is growing. Businesses are\ncoming. You're talking about office space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14682.0,14707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: National ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14707.0,14708.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"companies were beginning to come to the South. When I was\ngrowing up, everything was moving out . . . If you wanted to succeed or you\nwanted to challenge yourself as a young person, you went to New York, you went\nto Washington, you went to Chicago [Illinois]. Now, we began to see things\nbeginning to come back, coming back to the city, coming into the South, and the\nSouth began to be a growth region. Now in 1960's and it didn't really take off\nuntil the 1970's, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14708.0,14738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was clear that the movement was beginning to occur,\npeople moving back into the neighborhoods. I moved to my house in Ansley Park in\n. . . 1962 . . . I was aware that these neighborhoods were beginning to come\nback. I did the planning for the restoration of Ansley Park in 1963 . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14738.0,14768.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just a\nlittle after I came back. It was the first plan for the rebuilding of inner city\nneighborhood. It really popularized Ansley Park and it became a focus of\nattention when the banks began to lend money here, which they had not been\ndoing. It began the neighborhood revitalization movement in Atlanta in the\n1960's. We began to see that occurring in the 1960's. We went through some\ntroubled times. I need to just tell you one quick story, and that is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14768.0,14798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you asked\nme about the riots that didn't take place. We had unrest. You may remember that\n1968, the summers of 1968 and 1969 were the summers of the burning of the\ncities. We had riots, the Watts riots, the riots in Denver [Colorado] and in\nWashington [D.C.], in Boston [Massachusetts], all over.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now, these occurred after Martin Luther King was killed . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14816.0,14820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. In 1968, he was killed and we had riots. Then in 1969\noccurred again in the summer. We had an ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14820.0,14828.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"incident where Ivan Allen went down to\nSummerhill, stood on a car right in the middle of a very, very vicious crowd and\ntold them that they need to start behaving and that we were going to do the\nright thing. We did have our unrest like other places in the city, but it wasn't\na public policy and that's what made all the difference. We accepted the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14828.0,14858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"legal\nchanges that were required of us, whereas other cities resisted to the bitter\nend and paid the price. I've always felt that Birmingham and Memphis\nparticularly those cities really have always paid a price and will continue\nthroughout the next generations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14858.0,14879.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay, let's move on to the 1970's. Was there a great change in the city\nafter ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14879.0,14888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Martin Luther King was killed? Was that another change or did it just keep progressing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14888.0,14895.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm not sure his death really made that much difference, only in it's\nfocus on the strife and the bitterness that occurred in this country. We had\nalready begun to pass the national laws and the [indistinct: 4:08:27: possibly\n'what'] law and it struck down the voting laws ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14895.0,14918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that restricted . . . blacks from\nvoting or effectively disenfranchised them, and it continued on. By that time,\nthe legal restraints had been moved, and what remained were the remaining social\naspects. That took a lot of time until the old generation that knew only\nsegregation began to die off ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14918.0,14948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a new breed of leadership begin to come. A lot\nof those people came from other parts of the country, and so that when we began\nto get in the 1970's, we began to see a real in migration, which has continued\nto this day from around the country, not just simply from other parts of the\nSouth, like my wife, Madalyne. My wife, Madalyne, who was a very bright,\nenergetic, intelligent, socially sensitive person in the South wasn't about to\ngo back to Mobile, Alabama. That was true ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14948.0,14978.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of tens of thousands of young people\nwho had a much greater social consciousness that felt that their lives would not\nhave been very meaningful if they have gone back to their small town. These\npeople came to Atlanta, these were the best and brightest of the whole\ngeneration. Atlanta just gained enormously by the fact that it began to open up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14978.0,15002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Opened up for all kinds of people. But I think there is a terrifically\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15002.0,15008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great proportion of Jewish people who have come to Atlanta in the 1970's,\n1980's, and even now, proportionately to our population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15008.0,15015.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I don't think that proportion to the population . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15015.0,15020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . I don't mean in general of Atlanta, but I mean for the Jewish\npopulation . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15020.0,15027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes, the Jewish population. The old line Jewish population that has\nbeen here for several generations . . . is a tiny portion of the Jewish\npopulation today. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15027.0,15038.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's . . . like the larger community there are very few\nnative Atlantans . . . that are here now. I'm not sure that is different, but\nwhat it did, it began to break down a lot of the institutional relationships\nthat exist in the Jewish community. Whereas we were located . . . we were pretty\nwell lived in one or two neighborhoods when I was a child. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15038.0,15068.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I was a child,\nwe began to move to the north side. But even so, Morningside with some\nscattering in other places. But Morningside was a core, and then when they built\nBeth Jacob, an Orthodox group began to appear in that little core. Then around\nthe Margaret Mitchell School on the northwest side of town was also a small\ncore. But then that began to be scattered and Jews began to move into counties\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15068.0,15098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where Jews weren't even accepted. Now, Jews are very prominent in these\ncounties. Jews didn't want to get near Stone Mountain. No, I can't believe there\nwas ever a Jew in Gwinnett County. In Cobb County, it was off [limits]. It was\nan area that no Jews were living in since Mary Phagan was murdered. We never\nthought of . . . Jews never thought of living in these counties. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15098.0,15128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They began to\nlive in DeKalb County. But other than a lot of DeKalb County, Jews were pretty\nwell, were guarded against moving out. Now . . . that doesn't exist because\nthere's a whole generation that came and has come here that don't know about\nthat history, have no relationship to that history. It's a shock to me to see\nsynagogues appearing in Gwinnett County ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15128.0,15158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in Cobb County, where Jews are very\n. . . we have a community center, I can't believe that we have a community\ncenter in a place when I was growing up that no Jew even ventured to, much less\nlive there . . . Now that's a good aspect of it, is that Jews got comfortable\nliving everywhere. The bad aspect is we began to lose the unit. We've lost a\ngreat deal of our feeling of relationship, of community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15158.0,15188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and attachment to the\nJewish community. We no longer had that sense of a Jewish community here that we\nonce had it. I think that . . . we've suffered over that to some extent. I've\naccepted, because I think it's a natural thing to do, and I think the good far\noutweighs the bad. But we need to have a group like AA or Temple ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15188.0,15218.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there\nare still large enough to be able to host large community wide functions that\nall Jews feel comfortable participating in. But for the most part, yes, we have\nshattered ourselves like non-Jews across the land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15218.0,15234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: There are only so many people you can have at a function anyway. I know\nAJC's finding they're having to move things to bigger places because they can't\naccommodate all the people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15234.0,15248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who want to come. When you have 70,000 Jews, you\ncan't expect everyone to be at each thing. [It would be] too much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15248.0,15257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. But then I was thinking of all the . . . only half of those\npeople are any affiliated anyhow. Now, that's . . . an enormous change. When I\nwas growing up, ninety percent of the people were affiliated not 50. One of the\ndownsides of this scatteration is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15257.0,15278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people don't feel a need to have to be\naffiliated. It's not a natural tendency to immediately if you move to Atlanta to\nbe plugged in. A lot of people don't feel it's necessary. We're going to lose a\nlot of people that way. We're going to lose true assimilation because people\njust don't feel the necessity. This kind of scattered form that we've now taken\nlends itself to assimilation very easily.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15278.0,15308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15308.0,15308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's get back to the 1970's again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15308.0,15311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Can I just mention one other thing, if you don't mind . . . The startling\nthing to me is not so much the lack of participation and the lack of commitment.\nA lot of people . . . half the Jews we'll say, but the extraordinary attachment\nthat is far greater than I ever knew or desired in my lifetime, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15311.0,15338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I was\ngrowing up, to Judaism. It's the other side that I'm much more impressed with\nthan the intermarriage and the assimilation and the loss of Judaism. There was\nnothing like the Hebrew Academy and all of the Jewish day school movements and\nkosher, kashrut, and adult education, all that. Nothing like that existed in our\nday. It may be because it wasn't needed, but I will tell you the fact ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15338.0,15368.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we've\ngot so many young people being educated in Jewish institutions because we got so\nmany courses where you can really . . . continue to be knowledgeable. We have so\nmany visitors that are being posted, so many things in the newspapers that are\nconscious of being Jewish. None of that existed when I was growing up . . . I'm\nmore impressed by that, by the naturalness that we now feel about being Jewish,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15368.0,15398.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the strong feeling that is very . . . and the comfort level I have of\nexpressing my Judaism. That's more impressive to me than, because I would never\nexpress my Judaism very strongly when I was growing up. I used to sing in\nChristmas carols. I had the best voice, so they always chose me to sing in all\nthe plays where we had musicals and so forth. I was always a Jesus kid or\nwhatever, because I had the best voice. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15398.0,15428.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I was out for Jewish holidays I was\na little embarrassed. I was embarrassed by this, embarrassed by that. There is\nno sense of embarrassment in a lot of the Jewish kids today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15428.0,15439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I think it's interesting that I find young Jewish people are doing one\nof two things. Either they are strongly more identified and making great effort\nto be Jewish or they're just totally assimilating and forgetting that they are\nor it's just not an important part of their life. Somewhere I would hope there\nis a middle ground too ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15439.0,15458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at this point you see kids going . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15458.0,15461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . But those who are strong, those on that first wave the ones that\nyou have committed are so much more prepared for a Jewish life than I was just\ngoing to cheder after the school or Sunday school on Sundays. They . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15461.0,15475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Because it's a real choice to them. It's a real choice. It was\nkind of expected of you. You kind of did it . . . Now, people really have to\nmake a conscious choice, I think that's the difference. Anyway, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15475.0,15488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we'll get onto\nphilosophy more later. What . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15488.0,15491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . But like Atlanta though . . . I feel that it was alright for us to\ndiscuss these kinds of things. You asking me about the changes in Atlanta . . .\nI am very impressed with the strength of Jewish community in Atlanta and the\ncommitments of the young people . . . than we ever had when I was growing up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15491.0,15513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I think that is one thing that makes Atlanta very unique as a city. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15513.0,15518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It\nis very nurturing of its Jewish community for those who want to be nurtured.\nWhat was probably the most significant thing you remember about the 1970's? How\nwould you characterize the 1970's? I know there was an economic bust during the 1970's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15518.0,15534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Other than my children growing up, of course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15534.0,15537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Right. First of all tell me when your children were born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15537.0,15541.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Elise was born soon after we married, nine months and one week. She was\nborn in 1960. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15541.0,15548.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My . . . daughter Jana was born in 1963. My son Harlan was born in\n1965. They all went to the Hebrew Academy, Jana and Elise both graduated.\nHarlan, we decided to shift over into when . . . and they all then went to\nPaideia School. When Jana . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15548.0,15573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Was there not a public school that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15573.0,15578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was no good here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15578.0,15580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No . . . even as strong a commitment I had to integration at schools and\neverything, I would not sacrifice my kids for that. My feeling for that, the\nschools were very inferior, and I wasn't about to do that. My kids went to\nprivate school partly because Madalyne taught at Hebrew Academy for 15 years or\nso. She was the kindergarten teacher. There were only two kindergarten teachers,\nher and Elaine Cummings. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15580.0,15608.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They went naturally into a private school. But I would\nnot put my kids into high school, I just don't feel they would have gotten an\neducation that I wanted them to have. They went to Paideia and Harlan shifted\nout of the Hebrew Academy after the second grade and went with Jana to Paideia\nwhen she graduated from Hebrew Academy. They both shifted over to Paideia at the\nsame time. Elise, eventually went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15608.0,15638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Lovett, but she stayed at Paideia for two\nyears. The high school was just starting and it wasn't very good, so she shifted\nover to Lovett, at her insistence. But both Jana and Harlan graduated from\nPaideia. That was an important part of my 1970's. I guess the big thing that\nhappened in the 1970's to me was I was president of what was then Eric Hill\nAssociates. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15638.0,15668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1974, when Maynard Jackson, the new mayor, who was the first\nblack mayor, came into his position . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15668.0,15676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Did you support him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15676.0,15679.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. I knew him casually. I had been with him once or twice during the\ncampaign and talking about certain issues that I thought he might want to know\nabout. I didn't know him very well and was not terribly close to him at all. But\nhe called me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15679.0,15698.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to ask me to come to the city as Commissioner of Planning and\nDevelopment. I was at an age where I felt this may be the only time I would have\nto go into a public job. I always felt that . . . my career needed . . . public\nservice in some way, and so I resigned as president of Eric Hill, which was the\nlargest planning consulting firm in the South to go to the commission for the city.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15698.0,15728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15728.0,15728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That must have been economic sacrifice for you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15728.0,15732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was to some extent. I have never really felt that was a guiding . . .\nprinciple in my choices of what I did. Unfortunately, I've never . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15732.0,15748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Like father, like son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15748.0,15752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I'm afraid so. I condemn my father for not being more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15752.0,15758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic\nsuccessful, and my children are going to do the same thing to me. But I just\nfelt there more important things in life then making choices on the money. It .\n. . paid enough for us to live on . . . I went there in 1974 as Commissioner . .\n. of Budget and Planning. I was there during Maynard's first term, four years\n[until] 1978. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15758.0,15788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At that time, I decided I really didn't want to stay for . . .\nThis is not what I wanted to do for my career. I was approached by . . . I\nstarted a consulting firm with three other people, three of the most talented\npeople I've ever known. An architect by the name of Randy Roark, a landscape\narchitect by the name of Doug Allen, and a woman ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15788.0,15818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"political scientist by the name\nof Merle Lefkoff. We started the firm. We use the initials, it was Eplan, Roark,\nLefkoff and Allen. We use the initials, ERLA. E-R-L-A. We formed the firm in\n1978, and in 1979, we didn't last very long. We went to the office every day and\nenjoy each other so much, discussing issues that we didn't make a lot of money.\nIn 1979, I was approached by Georgia Tech ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15818.0,15848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come there to head the graduate\nCity Planning program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15848.0,15851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Your lack of a Ph.D. didn't make any difference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15851.0,15854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That was it . . . that was very unusual. I was one of the few . . .\nhead of a graduate planning program in America that didn't have a Ph.D. Most of\nthem were academics. But I had been . . . one of the things that was, I had\nmentioned, I had been active, very active professionally in the planning . . .\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15854.0,15877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"profession. I had been twice elected national president of the Professional\nSociety of American Institute of Planners in 1975 through 1977, I was president.\nI had been president of the Georgia chapter here. I was the first president of\nthe Georgia chapter when we organized. I've always been very active in the\nprofessional field. Then I moved up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15877.0,15907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the national board - vice president,\npresident, 1975-1977. When they called me, I guess it's like when the Methodist\ncall you. When . . . Georgia Tech called me . . . it was because I had a\nnational reputation in planning, had been on national and sent abroad. In 1979,\nthe State Department sent me to China. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15907.0,15937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1977, I had gone to Europe with the\nNational Science Foundation to look at some technologies that were being\ndeveloped. I had begun to build a national reputation. I was well known person\nin the field, and so having a Ph.D. was not necessary for me because I had other\ncredentials that they . . . felt were valuable to the program. I've done some\nvery exciting things in Atlanta . . . I was the key plan consultant ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15937.0,15967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the\ndesign of the rapid transit system. I began the neighborhood planning system.\nThe NPU [Neighborhood Planning Units] system that exists here in Atlanta. I did\nthe economic feasibility studies on the existing stadium, which is about to be\ntorn down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15967.0,15989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Wasn't so feasibility after all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15989.0,15992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That's right. I had consulted with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15992.0,15997.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the White House staff, Stu\nEizenstat and those people on President Carter's National Urban Policy. I\nlectured at Harvard. I was beginning to . . . I had a fairly extensive practice\nand reputation in the profession. Inviting me was really not that big a deal to\nbe . . . head of the graduate program here. I stayed there for four years, not\nsomething I really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15997.0,16027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enjoyed enormously. The thing I enjoyed was teaching because\nit gave me a chance to read and write and think and that type of thing, which\nyou never have a chance to do very much. When you're in private practice, you're\nalways so busy running, trying to make projects work, running around the\ncountry. But I stayed there for four years and then came back in the 1980's . .\n. as a private consultant. I work on my own on projects around the country ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16027.0,16057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nstrategic planning for corporations, as well as, for the planning for cities and\ncounties, and consultants at national agencies. I ran a national conference for\nHUD [Housing and Urban Development] on affordable housing, which then became the\nbasis for Reagan's affordable housing strategies when he became president and so\na lot of things like that. Then in 1976, 1986, sorry . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16057.0,16087.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"excuse me, I missed\nthe time. In 1990, Maynard Jackson came . . . back. He was mayor for two terms,\neight years. I was there for the first four years, 1974 to 1978. He was\nreelected and left in 1982 when Andy Young became mayor for eight years. I knew\nAndy quite well. I have run all three of his Congressional campaigns. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16087.0,16117.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When he\nwas in Congress, I was routinely in Washington briefing him on what some of the\nissues back home were. We used to have breakfast at the Capitol because I was\ndoing a lot of work in Washington. I used to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16117.0,16133.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How did you get close to Andy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16133.0,16136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It was in the Civil Rights Movement. While I wasn't, I would call an\nactive . . . in the marching sense that type of thing. I worked on a lot ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16136.0,16147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of\nprograms that help integrate things. I . . . chaired a national program set up\nby the White House, Lyndon Johnson, on integrating housing In America. There's a\nWhite House program that held a major conference in Atlanta which [indistinct:\n4:29:24]. I was the keynote speaker, and I was . . . on the fringes ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16147.0,16177.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a lot of\nthe inner workings of how you begin to integrate houses, how you begin to employ\npeople that are poor. A lot of things that city planners would have an interest\nin . . . and so Andy knew me and I knew him. We were not terribly close until he\nbegan running for Congress. I'm not sure how we first got to know one another,\nbut we became quite friendly. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16177.0,16207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Good friends, and I was very, very active in this\ncampaign. I had been active in . . . Charlie Weltner's campaigns. I helped run\nall of Charlie Weltner's Congressional campaigns. I was also involved in\nprofessional politics a great deal. I was able to bring to him, Andy, a lot of\nknowledge of how to run his campaigns . . . I was able to introduce him to the\nwhite community. I knew the more liberal white establishment people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16207.0,16237.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a\ncommunity. I was able to introduce Andy to some of these people. I don't know,\nwe . . . grew friendly, and then we went to Congress. We remained friends\nbecause I was then at the city and he was in Congress. I was able brief him on a\nlot of things that were going on in the city that he probably needed to know\nabout. There we are . . . We stayed fairly good friends over the years. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16237.0,16267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're\nnot close social friends, that type of thing. He's been here for dinner and that\ntype of thing, but we're not really close social friends. Frankly, Elise is\ncloser to that whole situation then I am, now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16267.0,16281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: She's close to Jean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16281.0,16283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: She's close to Jean, but the working with President Carter. Andy and\nPresident Carter are very close. You remember Carter appointed him to the UN\n[United Nations] and so forth. Then Andy's active in the Atlanta Project, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16283.0,16297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which\nshe's over at the Atlanta Project. Anyhow . . . I stayed [and] taught for four\nyears at Georgia Tech. Then in 1983, I think it was, I left Tech. I wasn't\nextremely excited about the academic world. I found that they are very pity,\nvery self serving people. It wasn't a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16297.0,16327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good experience. I thought they weren't\ninvolved. My whole life I've been involved with the community and committed to\nthings, to things that I feel might better society. I never felt that of\nacademics and I'm not sure how committed they are to teaching and to the\nprofession, things like that. All things that I'm, I was very much interested\nin. It didn't work out terribly well, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16327.0,16357.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think. I never felt it, but I\nthink it wasn't a disaster. Now I'm back on the faculty, I teach. I'm still\nteaching there and so I know the people quite well. I left and went back into\nprivate practice and it's worked out very well. I worked at my home, after a\nwhile . . . I had an office downtown and then decided that we had a big house\nand it was empty, so I began working at home ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16357.0,16387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and with computer and telephone,\nxerox, and everything, fax machine here, where you can do work at home. I did\nthat in until 1990 when Maynard called me to see if I would come back to the\ncity. We had gotten . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16387.0,16405.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Did you . . . do anything for Andy when he was mayor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16405.0,16412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Very little. Andy was involved with some things that I . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16412.0,16418.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a lot of\nproblems with. He was an absentee mayor, actually.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16418.0,16422.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I know. I worked for the city then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16422.0,16425.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He was . . . in the city on an average of 11 days a month for eight\nyears, and so the city can ran itself without him. He made decisions on the spur\nof the moment. He didn't care about planning. He thought it was a waste of time.\nHe just wanted to make decisions. He'd come in three days ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16425.0,16447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make some\ndecisions and leave town, that type of thing. It was all the things that\nplanning is adverse to, and that is thinking, dealing with policy, development\nof policy in my case . . . That policy guides your thinking. He wasn't\ninterested in policy . . . he made every decision as if each one of them was\nseparate and distinct from every other decision, and it was anathema to\nplanning. We really did not do well together, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16447.0,16477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not have done well together.\nI did not pursue work for the city. I'd worked for the city, and I had a great\nstrong feeling that I didn't want to do any work for the city because I didn't\nwant it ever to be felt that I was getting my work because of my prior service,\nso I never pursued a single job with the city. I testified twice in . . . zoning\n. . . cases that asked me for some expert testimony. But I wasn't interested in\nthat, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16477.0,16507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I didn't see Andy very much all those years except in passing and at\nreception and things of this sort. In September, we were awarded the Olympics,\nand about two weeks later I got this call from Maynard and said that he's got\nall this planning stuff and he'd been looking for a developer kind of person to\nbe the commissioner. He decided that was the wrong kind of person, that what he\nneeded was to have me come back . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16507.0,16537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He didn't understand what he was thinking\nabout. But now that he's got the Olympics, he's got that big chore and he wanted\nme to come back to help get the city ready for the Olympics. I could have jumped\nthrough a hoop when he asked me that. This is the greatest challenge any planner\ncould possibly have. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16537.0,16567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have to go back to over 100 years when the planners had\nthat kind of opportunity. That when the biggest event in the history of the city\ncomes, you have to go back to [Frederick Law] Olmsted in the 1890's in Chicago\nto get any parallel to this kind of situation where [Daniel] Burnham was a\ndistinguished architect in Chicago, did a lot of very good things for them. But\nhe prepared the city for the World's Fair of 1893, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16567.0,16597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which shaped Chicago for the\ntwentieth century. It was very significant. Here are [we] about to embark on\nwelcoming the world to Atlanta in a far greater way, frankly . . . There's never\nbeen such a big event to come to such a small city, and it's going to be the\nlargest gathering of nations in all of history. It's going to be one of the\ngreat events of the twentieth century, other than two world wars, it will be the\ngreatest event. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16597.0,16627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's coming to this little town, and the mayor of the city ask\nyou to . . . come over here and help us get ready. Ask the city planner to do\nthat, it's mind boggling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16627.0,16643.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you have a large staff?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16643.0,16646.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I have . . . both buildings. I have two functions, both planning and\nbuildings. I didn't appreciate buildings until I got that responsibility. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16646.0,16657.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But\nI'm in charge of all permitting of buildings. I'm in charge of all code\nenforcements, all zoning enforcements, inspections and everything, it's very,\nvery significant. That's two thirds of the department. That's about 100 people,\nand then a little less, maybe 90. Then I have about 50 people in the planning\ndepartment, only about 25 or so are professional planners. Almost all of whom\nhave master's degrees, so I have a very extremely, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16657.0,16687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"highly qualified staff. A\nvery highly educated staff, and [that's] what I've been given. Then I've been\ngiven, we've set up this organization outside the city to help do the planning,\nto give me the planning capability, called CODA - Corporation for Olympic\nDevelopment, Atlanta. They're the ones who are there to implement the plans that\nI have begun to put together . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16687.0,16717.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been able to get about $1 million to put\ntogether a staff to then hire consultants to do the detailed planning. We've\nabout to finish that. We are in January 31, 1994, we're just finished. . . all\nthe preliminary planning and we're about to manifest some construction money.\nWe're about to move into the construction programs . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16717.0,16747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this year, 1994, we'll\nbegin to construct things. Matter of fact, I went to Georgia Tech and got Randy\nRoark, whose my ex-partner, who had been running the architectural program at\nGeorgia Tech for the last five years. But I found out he was stepping down, I\nwent over there and talked him to coming in as the head of the planning for\nCODA. I've got this extremely, unbelievably talented ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16747.0,16777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"guy, who ever thought it,\nis head of doing all the planning work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16777.0,16782.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you actually work with ACOG [Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games] to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16782.0,16787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, very closely. I'm over there two or three times a week. I'm on the\nphone almost every day with the people who are getting it set up. We have a very\nclose linkage between the city and CODA, excuse me, and ACOG. They are mostly\ninterested in the venues and I'm interested in the non-venues. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16787.0,16807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the two\nthings coincide and then you've got people who are coming, who are going to be\nin venues and not in venues that we have to have a common strategy to deal with.\nWe're very, very closely linked together . . . I have friends . . . at ACOG who\nI highly regard. Shirley Franklin, who is the number three person there . . .\nthe senior person for policy, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16807.0,16837.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the chief operating officer for the city\nduring the eight years when Andy Young was there. She's probably one of . . .\nthe brightest and most capable people I've ever known. She's a very close\npersonal friend . . . It's just so wonderful to have her at ACOG because we are\nso closely tied to one another that when the two organizations need to move\nahead like we are now on this Centennial Park, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16837.0,16867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she's in charge of that. I'm in\ncharge of the city's work on that. We join together very easily. It's a\nmarvelous relationship. Then we've got this CODA organization, which is head up\nby Clara Axam, who I have gotten to know. I knew only casually, but she's an\nexceptionally good person so. That's who Randy Roark works for and that's the\nperson I work over there with. We've got a very . . . it about four or five of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16867.0,16897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us pretty much joined together to get everything ready for the Olympics. The\nother person being Walt Huntley, who's the head of our economic development\nagency, our AEDC, the Atlanta Economic Development Corporation, he the head of\nthat. But he's a very old close friend of mine as well, so we walk in linked\nstep every day together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16897.0,16924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Are the things you're doing funded ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16924.0,16927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the city, the state, the federal\ngovernment, a little bit of everything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16927.0,16931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Wherever we can get it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16931.0,16933.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Wherever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16933.0,16934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: You left out the key . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16934.0,16937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Private.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16937.0,16939.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Big corporation, that's right. I said, I . . . got $1 million to do the\nplanning, half for me and we had the staffing and then consulting work. Half\nthat money comes from Woodruff, half of it comes from the city. But some of the\nconstruction money is coming from federal programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16939.0,16955.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now what would the city be like without Woodruff?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16955.0,16958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16958.0,16958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It would be disastrous because the city itself . . . was going through a\nterrible crisis . . . in our budget and we have no money to afford, this is\napart from all the infrastructure. I have two jobs, really. I've got my regular\njob, as well, Olympic job. That's why I am always tired.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16958.0,16981.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I was going to say, like that water main that broke during that cold.\nIt's just one symptom ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16981.0,16989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what must be under our ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16989.0,16992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: We've got bad problems . . . We have that nationally though. We've not\nbeen willing to pay. We've been so busy spending, borrowing, getting ourselves\nin debt, nationally that, and then the federal government has receded from our\nlives. The federal government was paying for 60 and 70 and 80 percent of all\nthese infrastructures. When Mr. Reagan came along, he wiped out all that, so\ncities were left high ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16992.0,17019.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dry. The states have been no help. States are\nanti-city. They've always have been.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17019.0,17024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Later, I'd like to discuss the relationship with Georgia and Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17024.0,17028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: That's right. We're getting almost zero help from the state. Almost zero,\nI would say on a scale of one to 10, a one from the federal government . . . We\nhave no money in the city, so what do we do? We've got these great needs, both\nin Olympic needs and the longer term infrastructure needs . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17028.0,17049.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody's\nbroke. Here we are in the greatest moment of our history. We can shape the city\nfor the twenty-first century . . . Now these plans are beginning to come out on\nwhat we need to do to get the city ready for the twenty-first century, and\nincidentally, the Olympics . . . We've got the city moving in a direction, and\ncupboard is bare.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17049.0,17073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: How's it going to get paid for or is it just not going to get done?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17073.0,17079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17079.0,17079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No. We'll know pretty soon. If we don't do something in the next six\nmonths, you'll know. We've asked the state government, for instance, to\nunderwrite 20 percent of the cost of building a new downtown train station,\nwhich is our major transportation. In doing that also will rebuild some of our\ndowntown bridges. We're going to be asking them to allow us to tax ourselves\n$0.01 more sales tax to pay for infrastructure. We're talking about going to\nbond referendum ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17079.0,17109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for more infrastructure. We've got a buy it, which . . . we will\nprobably go for somewhere between 150, 200 million dollars, a bond and sales tax\nprogram. We'll see if the people are willing to pay for it . . . Are they\nwilling to let their pipes break, which we've had, their bridges collapse. We\nhave bridges downtown that MARTA buses can't go over. MARTA buses cannot go over\nthe Forsyth Street bridge, Spring Street bridge, our Peachtree bridge, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17109.0,17139.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right\nbeyond, past Underground, is being shored up by the kind of jack you see in your\ncar. We've got jacks under the street there. You can feel it vibrate. But the\nfederal government opted out because of Mr. Reagan wanting to spend this money,\nborrow all the money and put us in such debt so we don't have money left there .\n. . He dropped all the programs and the state ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17139.0,17169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has done very little to help us.\nThe fact is they are so anti-Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17169.0,17174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The state doesn't generate a lot of money anyway, does it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17174.0,17178.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17178.0,17179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . From around the state . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17179.0,17183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Absolutely, huge budgets . . . They give us most of our money for\nthe school system. They do our court system. All of our highways. We have\nenormous amount of money . . . at the state. But they don't . . . give it to\ncities. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17183.0,17200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their local government is counties and not cities. Cities are public\ncorporations, apart from the state. Counties are outside additions of the state.\nThey put their money in health programs, which is the county core function,\nwelfare. Anyhow, that's far from where . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17200.0,17223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It follows your jobs, but the other things now, we're through the\n1970's. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17223.0,17230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at changes in Atlanta. We've had major changes all along, so\nthen we hit the 1980's. How did the 1970's and 1980's?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17230.0,17240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: The biggest change in Atlanta in the 1970's and 1980's, was the change in\nthe character of the population. In the 1970's, Atlanta lost 70,000 of its\npopulation. It was the fifth largest loss of any major city in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17240.0,17257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17257.0,17258.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Part of it was the flight ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17258.0,17261.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the suburbs of whites. Part of it was the\nchange, the kinds of people who live in cities. The people with families moved\nout. The people who were singles moved in. We didn't lose households, we\nactually gained. We lost . . . 70,000 people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17261.0,17283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do think it's because of the schools?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17283.0,17287.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No. The major reason is we . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17287.0,17292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lost 70,000 people but we didn't lose\nhouseholds. The household became smaller. Young people moved in. Old people\nremained or old people moved to these areas. The household became much, much\nsmaller. Nationally, we've both aged and our household have become much, much\nsmaller, fewer children that type of thing. Particularly . . . hit the center\ncity, so while we have as many families as we had, we lost population because\neach families smaller. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17292.0,17322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was one major reasons. The other reason was a\nchange. Now the reason, however it went from predominately white to\npredominately black was that the whites moved out and the blacks moved in to\ntake their place. When Maynard . . . we went from a city that was 50 percent\nblack in 1970 to where it was 60 percent black in 1980 to where it is almost 70\npercent black ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17322.0,17352.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1990, so we've changed. You asked what the change is, one of\nthe major changes is that we went from large families to small families. We went\nfrom a white population to black population. We went from an area that was\nfairly affluent to one that was fairly poor, 40 percent of our population is\npoor, which matters. Which then translates into other things. One of them is\ncrime ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17352.0,17382.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and poverty and dropouts and welfare and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17382.0,17386.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Small tax base. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17386.0,17390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Single parent households and all sorts of other social things that\nwe've now been stuck with. The other thing happened in the 1980's in Atlanta is\nthat there's been signs of a change in this. All this occurred in the 1980's.\nThe worst part during the 1980s, but something else was happening ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17390.0,17412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 1980's,\nand that is that people began to come back to the city. Middle class began to\nmove back in the city in small numbers and it began to accelerate. Investments\nbegan to come back in the city, where they left in the 1970's. People left in\nthe 1970's, investment left in the 1970's. In the 1980's . . . after we came out\nof the recession of 1982, things began to come back in the Buckhead area in the\nearly 1980's, in the Midtown 1980's, in the late 1980's and so forth. Now we're\nmoving into the downtown area, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17412.0,17442.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we're seeing a recovery. We began to see\npeople move into neighborhoods, first in Ansley Park in 1960's when we came in,\nthen into Edmund Park, into Grant Park, into some other neighborhoods in the\n1970's. Now we're beginning to see new housing being built . . . first in\nBuckhead, now around 14th Street, big apartment houses and so forth. Then in the\ndowntown area, in the Bedford Pine area, you begin to see middle class people in\nmixed houses, their middle class ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17442.0,17472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their small families. We're not gaining a\nlot of new people because these are small families, but we are finding people\ncoming back and living in the city. We're seeing a lot more households, but\nthey're smaller households, and because these families are smaller and these are\nsingle people or young couples. But what is significant is that we've reversed\nthe change. In the 1980's, we began to reverse this massive outpouring of people\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17472.0,17502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"starting in the 1960's, but really picking up in the 1970's. We're beginning to\nsee coming back in the city and reclaiming the city, so that by the turn of the\ncentury, we're going to see . . . some very significant growth in population\nbegin to come. Not huge, but significant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17502.0,17520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you see you have apartments being built downtown and more Midtown?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17520.0,17524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Absolutely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17524.0,17525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: There will be people . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17525.0,17528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . Already happening. You can see the apartment towers that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17528.0,17532.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are\nalready beginning to occur in Midtown. You saw them in Buckhead. In fact, I saw\na new one and there's a great demand to live in the city.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17532.0,17545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: This is Ray Ann Kremer interviewing Leon Eplan on January 30, 1994. This\nis tape four, side one. This project is sponsored by the Atlanta Jewish\nFederation, the American Jewish Committee, and the National Council of Jewish\nWomen. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17545.0,17562.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right, this is a continuation of tape three. We're discussing the\ncity of Atlanta. Do you remember exactly where we stopped there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17562.0,17571.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, we were talking about the changes that occurred in the demographics\nand the in [rest of] the city. How, I was saying we've entered the 1990's, which\nactually began in the mid-1980's of people returning to the city, first in\nBuckhead, late-1980's in the Midtown, and now we're heading toward ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17571.0,17592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the downtown\narea . . . The movement into neighborhoods which began in the 1970's. Ansley\nPark was forme[d] in the 1960's, but in the 1970's and began to pick up. Now in\nthe 1980's, we're not just simply moving into neighborhoods. We're building new\nhouses, new apartment houses, primarily are townhouses . . . like they have in\nBedford Pine, which are now going into the downtown area. We will see before the\nend of this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17592.0,17622.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decade housing being built in the downtown area. That is by far the\nstrongest market right now. People, we're creating new jobs in the city, and\npeople want to live in the city . . . Whereas the market for offices is way over\nbuilt and for hotels, way over built, and for retailing, the market for housing\nis still . . . pretty good, it comes and goes and ups and down ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17622.0,17652.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some extent,\nbut for the most part it's definitely a very strong market. I see us pretty soon\nmoving into that whole area. I had talked about this, frankly, that this was\ngoing to happen, and I began talking about this to some of the Jewish\ninstitutions back in the early 1980's . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17652.0,17682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was just interesting, The Temple\nhad invited me, and I don't know, 12, 14 years ago. It was extraordinary to me.\nIt was . . . [an] extraordinary proposal they thought they ought to perhaps move\nout to the suburbs and so forth. I was in a state of totally disbelief, that an\ninstitution like The Temple, which represents the Jewish community, to a great\nmajority of Atlantans. It's up there with this elegant building. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17682.0,17712.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It really is\nthe Jewish symbol of Atlanta for them to even think about moving outward. They\nhad a committee, Earl . . . I forget who the chair is . . . airlines . . . pilot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17712.0,17729.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Oh, Earl Bayless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17729.0,17731.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Earl Bayless was chair of it, and he asked to come in and talk. That\ncommittee was resurrected about four years ago . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17731.0,17742.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they were getting\nconcerned about what was going to happen to the piece of land next to them. I\nwas retained by The Temple to help them deal with . . . the developer. Thank\ngoodness that we got rid of him. But the same issue came up and I tell you same\nthing exactly came up with the AA and they had a committee. I went over to talk\nto them about the same thing about the moving out and share a visual. The same\nthing, everybody's moving out. Shearith Israel actually bought a piece of land\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17742.0,17772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out on northside of town. They all want to move out, and I . . . urged them to\ntake a longer view about what's going to happen to Atlanta. Atlanta was coming,\ngoing to be reclaimed. They shouldn't follow the crowd, but that they ought to\nsit tight because they will be here when the crowd comes back. It won't be a\nhuge number, but it will be a Jewish community, a strong Jewish community.\nBesides particularly, The Temple and the AA play a different role than the small\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17772.0,17802.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogues that are sitting around on the periphery which serve primarily\nchildren and young families, which is not really, in my mind, was not really the\nmajor function of these two institutions particularly, and to some extent\nShearith Israel. That is that they serve the entire Jewish community, and they\nare the open door to the entire metropolitan area and non-Jewish city and so\nforth. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17802.0,17832.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What really is apparently they have each . . . all these institutions did\ndecide to stay where they are. They occupy very large buildings and very\nexpensive to maintain, and I appreciate that problem. The Jewish Community\nCenter had the same problem, after and I met with them and the Federation about\nmoving out. I really . . . it appalls me that they're going to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17832.0,17862.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be moving against\nwhat the trends are, and that is that the trends are to reclaim the city. The\ncity of Atlanta is going to be the center of things once again by the end of\nthis decade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17862.0,17873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Now, is that buildings still for sale?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17873.0,17875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Which one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17875.0,17876.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The Jewish Community Center.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17876.0,17877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17877.0,17878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay, so they haven't changed their mind yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17878.0,17881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They didn't change their mind. What I told them, they had a price tag on\nthere was so outlandish and no one seemed to want to tell them that. But they\nwere asking twice as much, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17881.0,17892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more than twice as much for what the land is worth in\na market that really could not. It was overbuilt anyhow, they weren't going to\nsell it, even at half the price and they never have been able to sell it. They\nhad these unbelievable ideas of what could put on the land. They had some\nconsultant, I would mention names, come in and tell them how much the land could\nhold, and they put a value on it based on its holding capacity and didn't\nrecognize either the market trends, nor what they could get in zoning from the\ncity. They weren't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17892.0,17922.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about to get that property zoned at that scale. I . . . told\nthem that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17922.0,17928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Of course, Federation is putting in so much property improvement now to\n. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17928.0,17934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . That's right. I advised them to do that; I said, \"Put another . . .\na second floor in the building.\" I said, \"You really are at the heart. I can't\nimagine a more favorable location you could possibly have then where the\ninterstates all come together ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17934.0,17952.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along Peachtree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17952.0,17953.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Also, if indeed they're going to put this Heritage Center museum in\nthere, what better place?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17953.0,17958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Anyhow, they look like they may have sat tight. Partly because they\ncouldn't sell the land. I'm sure if they've gotten the $30 million they wanted,\nthey would have been out of town. For $30 million, I would have told them to\nsell it. But . . . that was a ridiculous price that they had on the land. In\nfact, I got them a designer to show them how they could put something on their\nland. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17958.0,17982.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I ask them to bring in a certain individual to do them a design that I\nthought could really help them a great deal. They did that, and I think that\nconvinced them that they could . . . just what scale of what they could put on\nthat land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17982.0,17996.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You sort of alluded to the future, but what do you see for Atlanta, the\ncity? How do you think we're going to really be able to handle these Olympics?\nDo you think it's really going to do wonderful things for the city, or do you\nthink it's going to be a drain ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17996.0,18012.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what are your views of that? Also, the future\nof the movement of the Jewish community in this city?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18012.0,18020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's going to be an unbelievable . . . event for Atlanta. People can't\ngrasp the scale of what they're talking about. This will be the largest, any\ngathering of nations in history, be one of the three largest events of the\ntwentieth century, with the two world wars being the other two. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18020.0,18042.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're going to\nhave over, between 23 million people. This weekend, today we have the Super\nBowl, and this is the biggest event in sports. The Olympics is 20 times the\nSuper Bowl. It is so big as to be . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18042.0,18058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Are we going to be able to handle it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18058.0,18062.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . We'll do fine. Barcelona [Spain] did well, and we're going to do\nwell. It's going . . . to taxes us to the very limit. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18062.0,18073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This Olympics is going to\nbe 50 percent larger than the 1984 Olympics in L.A. [Los Angeles, California]\nL.A. . . . was a city of 12 and half million people. We're going to be under\nthree. We're . . . the smallest city to have the Olympics since the 1920's, when\nAntwerp [Belgium] had it. This is the by far the biggest event. It's going to be\noverwhelming when people are eventually going to realize how big it is, I think.\nBut you're not going to be able to do everything. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18073.0,18103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what the importance is,\nit'll give us, it'll have some immediate importance in that'll it'll have focus\non Atlanta and people who have never heard of Atlanta except when Sherman burned\nit down and through Gone with Wind, will know Atlanta. But that's not really\nwhat's important. What is important is that the world will be focused on Atlanta\nfor 16 days and will know Atlanta. But more important is that it will, we're\ngoing to be doing some things that will prepare us ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18103.0,18133.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for what Atlanta's going to\nbe in the twenty-first century. In the same way as Chicago prepared itself for\nthe twentieth century by doing the Columbian Exposition of 1893 . . . We're\npreparing ourselves for what we're going to be in the twenty-first century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18133.0,18148.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What are we going to be?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18148.0,18150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: We're going to be a world city. We're going to be like Chicago. We're\ngoing to be a major player throughout the world. We're already beginning to do\nthat. It's already within the last five years, the city has changed\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18150.0,18163.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fundamentally in what kind of city we have. We've reached out internationally\nthrough the purchase by Delta of the Pan Am routes. We're now linked into more\ncities in Europe than any other airline. We also linked into Moscow [Russia] and\nCalcutta [India] and Taipei [Taiwan], that type of thing. Because of the Persian\nWar, we now know that CNN [Cable News Network], which is just a few blocks from\nmy house, is the greatest provider of information to the world than any other.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're moved into an information age and here we have the greatest provider of\ninformation sitting . . . in the middle of our city. We've got major\ncorporations coming to Atlanta, moving their headquarters to Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18193.0,18210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Who's coming?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18210.0,18211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: United Parcel [Service, UPS], which is the largest deliverer of goods\nthroughout the world, has come here. You've got Holiday Inn, which is one of the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18211.0,18223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"largest hotel people in the world, moved their headquarters here. Then you've\ngot the social organization, CARE, the largest volunteer organization in the\nworld, has moved from downtown Manhattan to downtown Atlanta, in just these last\ntwo months. A month ago, a month and half ago, the Boys \u0026 Girls of America had\nmoved its headquarters from Chicago to Atlanta to Midtown. We're moving, then\nyou've got the existing organizations like Coca-Cola that have . . . just a\nworld class city ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18223.0,18253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . . We're beginning to reach out . . . and the Olympics just\nsimply provides us an opportunity for the world to know this. We know some of\nthese things but the world hasn't known this What the Olympics will do is tell\nus, but more important, we're going to have to begin to and we've begun to\nprepare ourselves for that kind of city, to our financial institutions through\nour information systems here. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18253.0,18283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're going to be a world class telecommunications\ncenter. We have more fiber optics lines coming into Atlanta than New York has.\nWe have an extraordinary basis for what is the technology of the twenty-first\ncentury, which is telecommunication. We've got the headquarters and the major\nplayers sitting right here, IBM, which we have . . . the second largest city\nwith IBM employees outside of New York state. Anyhow, we've got all these\nthings, international city. We have 30 consulates ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18283.0,18313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now represented here, so we're\ngoing to play that role. The other thing, the role we are going to play is a\nregional role, and that is the same thing I've talked about Atlanta . . . being\nreinhabited, being resettled. Atlanta is going to reclaim its position as the\ncenter of the region. During the last three decades, when we exploded, we lost\nour center and our connectivity to pieces that [were] floating ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18313.0,18343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around everywhere\nlike that. All that's going to be put back, if we're going to create a region\nthat when it's pulled back will center on Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18343.0,18356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What is our region?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18356.0,18358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: We've got a 17 county region that . . . now has 2.8 million people, 2.7\nand a half people . . . This multimodal station that we're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18358.0,18372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now planning\ndowntown, for instance, we have designed 12 commuter lines, that's going to be\nlike what you have on Long Island [New York] and Westchester [New York] coming out of New York or\nChicago going into Wisconsin even. The great cities of Paris . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18372.0,18387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . That will make it possible for us to do that . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18387.0,18392.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . All of the whole northern Georgia will then be unified through\ntransportation to come into the downtown area of Atlanta. Plugged into our . . .\nFive Point Station ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18392.0,18402.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and being distributed by MARTA or going to the airport. We're\nbuilding this multimodal system for that very purpose . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18402.0,18410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . When is that scheduled to be finished? Is that going to happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18410.0,18416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18416.0,18417.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The multimodal station.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18417.0,18418.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's going to happen. Whether it happens before the Olympics is the\nquestion. We're waiting desperately for the state government to put up some\nfront end money, $10 million. We tried last year, the governor did, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18418.0,18432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it\nfailed, so the governor did not include the money in his budget this year. It's\na question whether we get it. If we get that $10 [million], we're going to need\n$25 million to match $100 million from federal money. The federal government\nhasn't said it's going to do that. But I sit on, the Senate has appointed me to\nthe National Commission on Intermodal Transportation, and we're talking about\nthese intermodal terminals being built ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18432.0,18462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around the country and Atlanta, if we\nmove forward now, could grab off one first of the intermodal stations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18462.0,18469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: We were smart enough to do it to get MARTA. Why wouldn't we be smart\nenough to do it for this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18469.0,18477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Partly because the people locally made that decision and this time, we're\ndependent on the state of Georgia citizens who have not shown a strong interest\nin what they perceive would help only Atlanta. It's such a strong anti-Atlanta\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18477.0,18492.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mentality over the state. But we'll see, but we need that. But my bringing that\nup is only to give you a feeling that we have two roles as we move into the\ntwenty-first century, one is this global role and the others a regional role,\nend up tying the region together centered on Atlanta and the multimodal station\nis an example of how that tie would play out and that type of thing. But . . .\nwe're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18492.0,18522.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"repairing our park system. We're pedestrianizing our cities. We're\ncreating all sorts of . . . I'm about to send out a request for proposal to\nbuild public toilets in the downtown area, Midtown area. We're beginning to do\nthose things necessary to prepare the city for the Olympics, but actually for\nthe twenty-first century. What the Olympics does, it gives us that impetus, and\nit gives us a timetable as well, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18522.0,18552.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to move ahead on things, to prepare the city\nfor its future. The importance of the Olympics is that catalyst it gives us to\nget ready for our future in the twenty-first century. That's the single most\nimportant thing, is focus on Atlanta, role it will have and demands it has\nplaced on us to get the city ready. That will help us in the long run. I'm not\nsure what that does to Jewish community. Obviously, I've given more thought to the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18552.0,18582.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"city than I have to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18582.0,18584.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . The Jewish community will continue to grow as the city grows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18584.0,18588.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It will . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18588.0,18590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . Because just as your wife didn't want to go back to Mobile, kids\nstill don't want to go back to Mobile. They're still going to come to Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18590.0,18599.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Now they don't want to go back to New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18599.0,18602.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18602.0,18603.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They don't want to go back to Peoria [Illinois]. Atlanta in the last 18\nmonths . . . has added 78,000 new jobs. 78,000 new jobs. It's a number ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18603.0,18612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so\nremarkable as to be unbelievable. We've added more jobs than Los Angeles or New\nYork or whatever. We are . . . Jews are among the people who will come to\nAtlanta to take those jobs and they're not going to be differentiated from the\nregular population as the population grows. We built more single family houses\nlast year than any other metropolitan area in the country . . . Those houses are\nbeing occupied by Jews. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18612.0,18642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The thing is that the people coming here . . . the\nquestion is how are they going to be attached to the Jewish community . . .\nYou're entering a metropolitan area but, where is the Jewish area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18642.0,18653.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It's there if anyone wants to find it. When we moved to Atlanta, the\nfirst thing we did was join a synagogue because it was important to us to do\nthat and then went from there. But, as you say many people don't feel that need.\nIt's not something they want to spend the money on. They come and Shalom Atlanta\ntries to find them. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18653.0,18672.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sometimes they do. Sometimes they don't . . . If a person\nwants to be found in the Jewish community or be part of it, it's there. If they\ndon't, there's nothing you can do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18672.0,18687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Yes, I guess so . . . The interesting . . . fact now is that there is\nsuch a large number of synagogues and temples and Jewish institutions that\npeople do have choices ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18687.0,18702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they didn't have before. Before we had three\nsynagogues and one, the Alliance on the Southside. Your choices weren't that\ngreat, if you came to a thing your automatically plugged into one of those\nthree, and then you went to Alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18702.0,18716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Do you think it's good or bad to have so many choices? We need that many\nchoices, three synagogues couldn't service the population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18716.0,18724.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: No, I wouldn't at all suggest that that's a bad thing. I think it's a\ngood thing and so forth. I'm not sure ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18724.0,18732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if . . . so my guess is that they'll do\nwhat you did, and that is . . . if they come from a family when they move here,\nthey come from a family that has led them to a young couple wanting to join,\nthey seek it out and join. [If there's] children, they'll join. Seems to me\nthere is a need for the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18732.0,18762.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"large institutions though, and I'm talking about mostly\nThe Temple and AA and the Federation and the Community Center, those four\nparticularly to make themselves so visible, and so attractive that people will\nseek out and to come to these things because they have a great variety.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18762.0,18790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: The first young ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18790.0,18792.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people's group, Jewish that I know of was The Temple\nYoung Professionals. I can remember, I have to give Jackie Montag full credit\nfor this because it was her idea. I remember when they started, she picked two\nvery attractive young women and they ran with it, and obviously the need was\nthere. It just boomed. But it was the first young people's group, and that's\nbeen in the last, well it was in the 1980's, mid-1980's. Now lots of synagogues\nhave that. I think AA has one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18792.0,18822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now too . . . Does AA have a young professionals group?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18822.0,18828.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I am sure they do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18828.0,18831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: They didn't for a long time . . . They're trying to attract these young\nsingle people who are moving here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18831.0,18841.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: See you're a lot more familiar with what programs are being offered than\nI am . . . I just feel that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18841.0,18852.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Jewish institutions need to be as flexible and\nas open as they can because of the variety of people that are coming in here, in\norder to attract a lot of people. I did a . . . AA went through a strategic\nplanning program about five years ago, four years ago it was, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18852.0,18882.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to think about\nwhat they call the Second Century. They pulled together a lot of the . . . past\npresidents and a lot of the leaders, and women and the rabbis and everything. We\nhad a group of about 25 people who served on the Second Century Committee. They\nbrought me in to help formulate a second century strategy for the synagogue. I\nlaid out some ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18882.0,18912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"propositions. I was little surprised of how rigid a great number\nof the people at AA were, the leadership of AA were trying to keep isolated from\nthe larger community, even for the larger Jewish community, much less the larger\nnon-Jewish community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18912.0,18933.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Why does that surprise you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18933.0,18936.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: Because I think that in order for AA, unlike the smaller ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18936.0,18942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"suburban\ninstitutions that have a very clear mission of taking care of the children and\nsome Saturday morning, Friday night synagogue going needs, beyond those two\nmeasures it's fairly limited. AA has thrived because of the resources that they\nhave, it allows them to do enormous number of things on the community wide\nscale, as well as . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18942.0,18972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community wide Jewish scale.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18972.0,18974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: But that doesn't mean all of it's leadership is far thinking and not\nrigid. That was my question. It shouldn't surprise you because all sorts of\npeople get into leadership positions . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18974.0,18988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . What I did is I carved out three major areas that they need to\nthink about. One of them was, what kind of direct services they have for their\nmembership? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18988.0,19002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, what their role is in the Jewish community? Thirdly, what\nis their role in the larger non-Jewish community? It was that third area that\nthere was such strong resistance of wanting to have anything to do with, by some\npeople. I'm not saying it a majority. I think that certainly Rabbi [Arnold]\nGoodman was very much a strong advocate for a strong role in the hunger\nmovement, in the homeless movement, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19002.0,19032.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a lot of it, into joining in a faith\nkind of thing. But I was, I guess I was a little surprised, and maybe because\nI'm not that connected into these things to find how greatly resistance . . .\nsome of the leadership of these institutions. I don't think that's strictly with\nAA. I'm sure . . . I'm not condemning AA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19032.0,19058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: It's everywhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19058.0,19059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: It's everywhere. But I will say that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19059.0,19062.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AA had a kind of interesting, in\nfact [of] what is coming . . . AA has the largest membership. It is the oldest\naverage age kind of institution that we have. The average age of . . . AA is\nprobably 5 to 7 years higher than the average age of the Jewish community\ngenerally, because they don't have as many young people. That's not surprising.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19062.0,19092.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I did find was interesting because they have now taken two surveys, and so\nI had a timeline on [the] physical profile of the membership that the average\nage, while it's higher, was not increasing. It just remained higher because they\nhad a lot of the older membership, but also, I found that they are replenishing\nthe young people and although they disappear. A huge number of the young people\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19092.0,19122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disappear after four years, three years. There's a huge turnover of membership\namong the new young people. In fact, I was just told recently they're going to\ntry to begin to do an analysis and find out a little more about why that occurs.\nBut I urged them . . . not to have a single strategy. But in order to attract\npeople, not just young people, but middle aged and older, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19122.0,19152.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old, older people and\nso forth. They're going to have to keep this variety of interests open. There\nought to be, everyone ought not to be interested in the larger Jewish community,\nand everyone ought not to be interested in the larger non-Jewish community. But\nthey ought to . . . have major programs, and a direction for those people who\nare interested in those. There's a sizable number. As long as institutions, you\nasked me what the future is . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19152.0,19182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As long as the larger community would do with\nthe resources, to have diversity and variety in their programming, and their\noutreach and so forth, I think they'll be healthy and I think they'll serve to\nattract these people coming in who may not otherwise be connected, who . . . may\ncome on Sunday to a concert at AA that they have, which is a fantastic thing or\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19182.0,19212.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may come to a lecture by Elie Wiesel, that they do have or whatever is. They\njust need to continue to understand their role and their ability to do that.\nThat the smaller institutions and subgroups will never have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19212.0,19232.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: What do you see Federation's role in all this, besides collecting money?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19232.0,19239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think that . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19239.0,19243.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I put them on the same category as I do The Temple, AA\nand the Community Center. I think those are the four. I think that they ought\nnot to limit themselves to just the . . . I don't think ought to narrow their\nneeds. They're in a big community now. As long as they're in the city, they have\nto identify with the city. To the extent that they withdraw from the city or\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19243.0,19273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they ignore the city, they're going to find themselves much more unpopular, I\nthink, for a lot of people, not the majority of people but I think a significant\nnumber of people. I think they need to have a core programming. In the same way\nall four of these institutions need to have that same programming . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19273.0,19290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But there's so much programming. You pick up the Jewish Times and\nthere is every night of the week, there are several things going on. They're the\nkeepers of the community calendar and the community calendar isn't always kept\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19290.0,19303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"real well because there's so many conflicts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19303.0,19306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I think that staying physical located where they are makes a statement.\nBut they aren't either in the rich area, Buckhead, or they're not in suburban\narea of Fulton County or whatever. But they are part of this community, and I\nguess, I'm sure that comes out of my own orientation of being much more involved\nin the larger community than the Jewish community. But I do feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19306.0,19333.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that on the\nother hand, I can see because I'm somewhat of an outsider. Not historically, but\nI do stand outside. I can see the role of the Jewish community in the larger\ncommunity, and it is absolutely essential that the Jewish community make a\nstatement. That our home is here, it's in the community, it's in the center of\nthe Jewish community and not it's fringe area, but not in this rich area. We're\nin the center, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19333.0,19363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're going to be part of this community. That's why it\nalways disturbed me. That's why I was aghast The Temple would even consider\nmoving from it's magnificent building as if another building to be built that\ncould physically house and take care of it. This is one of the most magnificent\nbuildings in the city, and the whole idea of giving up that building or that the\nJewish Federation would leave Peachtree Street. They ought to be on Peachtree .\n. . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19363.0,19393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every time I past the building, which is two, three, four times a week\nwhatever it is, and see the big menorah sitting out on Peachtree, that to me\n[is] important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19393.0,19404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: I have one other question, and then we're really going to have to end\nthis, because of your long standing involvement with blacks. How do you see\nblack Jewish relations? We're all reading about Farrakhan and all the things\nthat are going on and black antisemitism. Where do you see that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19404.0,19423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19423.0,19423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I really think that it's like everything. It's like a marriage. You\nreally have to constantly renew your relationships. The blacks are confused\nabout their future a lot more than Jewish are confused about their future. The\nblacks have come out of the Civil Rights Movement. All of a sudden there's a\nfreedom there . . . There's a historic split in the black community anyhow\nbetween those who want to integrate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19423.0,19453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and those who want to separate. It's always\nbeen there since the turn of the century . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19453.0,19459.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: . . . But Jews have that conflict.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19459.0,19462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: They don't have a conflict, individual Jews, not the whole community of\nJews. There's not a community of Jews . . . that are saying we think we all\nassimilate. There's just not a huge group of people in the Jewish community . .\n. who says, \"Gather around, everybody over here who are in favor of\nassimilation.\" It's not that, but there is that in the black community, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19462.0,19483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a\nseparation. They think that that's how they can maintain their blackness and\ntheir black culture and so forth, as opposed to it. That started at the turn of\nthe century with the [W. E. B.] DuBois and the fight DuBois began to have, and\nit's continued . . . You have to understand what the blacks are going through\nand here are the Jews who have made it, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19483.0,19513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who've been their friends. But who a lot\nof people feel are a good target for if you wanted to find a scapegoat. Here are\nthe Jews [as] a scapegoat. I think we will have to keep at working at that\nrelationship and communication. I think what started here with the Black Jewish\nCoalition here, has been a model of what we need to do, and that is we have to\nconstantly renew this relationship. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19513.0,19543.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have far more that we share, that we can\nbuild our futures together around each group, that will benefit than if we do it\nseparately and so forth. I think that . . . that requires a lot of effort on\nboth sides of both groups and that's why I think this effort is that they're\ndoing now is so healthy. I'm not, I don't think we ought to feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19543.0,19573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"terribly\nthreatened by Farrakhan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19573.0,19575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: He's influencing a lot in college kids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19575.0,19578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: He is influencing some. But those people will grow out of that when they\nbecome mature people. We've always been concerned about our college kids, about\nwho is influencing. I wouldn't be overly distraught about that. He's been . . .\nnow you've seen Jesse Jackson begin to raise some questions about him. John\nLewis is speaking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19578.0,19603.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out against him. I think we need to do what we're doing now to\nkeep pushing the black community, to renounce the extremism and so forth and\nisolate them and that type of thing. But I wouldn't . . . allow us as a result\nof this to become negative toward blacks as a result. I think that doesn't\nrepresent a majority thinking of the blacks and I think that it comes and goes.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19603.0,19633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's important and Farrakhan will go like the way of the Ku Klux Klan and other\nantisemitic groups. But it'll always be here, and we have to always guard\nagainst it. I'm glad we're doing that. But I wouldn't get totally upset, and\nalso, I wouldn't allow it to influence our people [on] what is right [or] wrong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19633.0,19662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: Okay. Anything ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19662.0,19663.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"else? You feel that I'm sure I've missed a lot, but any\none particular . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19663.0,19671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: . . . I am not sure what.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19671.0,19675.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KREMER: You're not sure what. I thank you so much. You have such a wonderful\nperspective of things. You have that ability to stand outside and look. Maybe\nthat's your city planning ability, but I really appreciate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19675.0,19692.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/transcript/68097/annotation/1517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPLAN: I enjoyed it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=19692.0,19694.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRay Ann Kremer (b. 1941) was originally from Memphis, Tennessee but she later moved to Atlanta with her husband. She is an active member of the Atlanta Jewish community. She has worked as a volunteer at The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum, served as a board member of the American Jewish Committee, and is a member of The Temple. She married Robert Kremer Sr. in 1956 and was married to him until his death in 1996. They had two sons and a daughter. She later married George Shapiro.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Jewish Committee of Atlanta is a regional branch of the American Jewish Committee (AJC). AJC was founded in 1906 to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews worldwide. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations in the United States. AJC Atlanta founded the Atlanta Black-Jewish Coalition in 1982 to build relations between the communities, focusing on education, outreach, and advocacy. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Federation of Greater Atlanta is a regional branch of Jewish Federations of North America. It is an organization that focuses on serving the Atlanta Jewish community through philanthropic endeavors such as supporting infrastructure, including schools and synagogues. Federation supports the Jewish community but also welcomes people of various backgrounds, including interfaith, LGBT+, and multiracial people and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women is an organization of volunteers and advocates, founded in the 1890s, who turn progressive ideals in advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOdesa, also known by the Russian spelling Odessa, is the third largest city in Ukraine and is a major seaport and transportation hub located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. In response to the bombing of Odesa during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the city center was declared a World Heritage Site and added to the List of World Heritage in Danger by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. During the 19th century, the city was the fourth largest in the Russian Empire and was part of the Soviet Union until its collapse and Independence of Ukraine in 1991. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=45.0,49.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Leon Eplan (1860-1923) was the patriarch of the Eplan family in Atlanta. He was married named Rosa Tepletsky Eplan. They came to Atlanta from Odessa, Russia. They were leaders in the Atlanta community of the time. Their children are: Samuel Leon Eplan (b. 1896) and 11 other brothers and sisters. His son Samuel married Bess Abelson and they named their son Leon Samuel Eplan after his grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=71.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel Leon Eplan (1896-1984) was a major presence in the Atlanta Jewish community throughout his life. He was born in Atlanta into a large family of six brothers and three sisters. His brothers were also prominent in the Jewish community life. His father was initially a peddler and then a grocer. In an interesting aside, the Coca-Cola Company rented the floor above his father's store for storage. One night a barrel of syrup burst and ruined some of his father's stock. Asa Candler, the president of Coca-Cola, apologized and offered Sam's father Coca-Cola stock in lieu of dollar damages. Sam's father turned it down, saying, “nobody was ever going to drink that drink!” He attended the first class of the Emory Law School and joined a Jewish fraternity. He later went on to become a prominent attorney in Atlanta. He married Bess Abelson (Eplan). He was also active in all the Jewish clubs in the area and the Ahavath Achim congregation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLena Eplan Bender (1894-1991) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and daughter of Leon and Rosa Teplitsky Eplan. She was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue, AA’s Sisterhood, and the Hadassh. She married Barney Bender in 1918, and they had one daughter, Dorothy Bender.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRubye Eplan Goldstein (1899-1991) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and daughter of Leon and Rosa Teplitsky Eplan. She was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue, AA’s Sisterhood, and served on the boards of the Jewish Home, Hadassah, Brandies, B’nai B’rith Women. She was also the woman’s division chairman for the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Federation. She married Abe Goldstein in 1922, and they a daughter, Betty and son, Leon.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Atlanta Hospital was founded in 1906 as the Piedmont Sanitarium. As of 2021, it is a 643-bed, non-profit hospital located on Peachtree Road in Buckhead.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTurner Field was a baseball park located in Atlanta, Georgia. From 1997 to 2016, it served as the home ballpark to the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB). Originally built as Centennial Olympic Stadium in 1996 to serve as the centerpiece of the 1996 Summer Olympics, the stadium was converted into a baseball park to serve as the new home for the Braves. Turner Field is located less than one block from the site of the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, their home ballpark from 1966 to 1996. When the Braves moved to a new stadium, SunTrust Park, which opened in north Atlanta in 2016, the stadium was reconfigured for the second time, redesigned for college football as Georgia State Stadium, which was renamed Center Parc Credit Union Stadium in 2019. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNashville is the capital city of Tennessee and was founded in 1779. It was named for Francis Nash, a general of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. The city is home to Vanderbilt University and the legendary country music venues like the Grand Ole Opry, Ryman Auditorium and the Country Music Hall of Fame.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=184.0,206.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAshkenazi Jews [also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim] are Jews who originally lived in northern and eastern Europe. They once lived in the area of Rhineland and France and after the crusades they moved to Poland, Lithuania and Russia. In the 17th century, avoiding persecution, many Jews moved to and settled in Western Europe. As of 2018, Ashkenazim account for about 75% of the world's Jewish population.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=239.0,269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=239.0,269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=239.0,269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=269.0,299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Center was officially founded in 1910, as the Jewish Educational Alliance. In the late 1940s it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to the suburb of Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=269.0,299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=269.0,299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosa Tepletsky Eplan (1856-1942) was born in Russia and immigrated to the United States with her husband Leon Eplan in the early 1880’s. They settled in Atlanta, Georgia. She was a member of Shearith Israel Congregation, an organizer, and past president of the Congregation’s Home for Wayfarers and the Ladies’ Aid Society. She also was active in Hadassah. She and her husband had eleven children, including Samuel L. Eplan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=335.0,341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCarolyn Eplan Goldsmith (1924-2021) was an Atlanta native. She was the oldest child and only daughter of Samuel and Bess Abelson Eplan. Her younger brother was Leon S. Eplan. She graduated from Girls’ High School and attend Agnes Scott College, Louisiana State University and the University of Missouri, where she earned a degree in journalism. She worked as a clothing buyer after college and later after her children were grown. She was a life member of Hadassah and active in Young Judea and B’nai B’rith as a youth group advisor. She married Robert Goldsmith in 1948 and they had four daughters and nine grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=372.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Family Services of Atlanta was an organization that began its life in 1890 as the Montefiore Relief Association. Its name and focus changed multiple times. It became a constituent agency of the Jewish Federation of Atlanta. In 1982 Jewish Family Services incorporated as a separate organization, although it continued to maintain its affiliation with the Federation. It operated the Jewish Family and Children’s Bureau and the Ben Massell Dental Clinic. Jewish Family Services merged with Jewish Vocational Services in 1997 to become Jewish Family and Career Services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=372.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Home is a nursing home in Atlanta providing short and long-term dementia, Alzheimer’s, and nursing care. Formerly the Jewish Home, it first opened in 1951 at 260 14th Street, NW, on land that had been donated by real estate developer Ben J. Massell. The Home’s growth called for a larger, updated facility, leading to the construction of a new building at 3150 Howell Mill Road, NW. The second Jewish Home opened on February 16, 1971. In 1991, it was renamed the William Breman Jewish Home to honor and recognize its third president, Bill Breman, as the prime motivator of the modern-day facility.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=391.0,410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=481.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiami is a city located in south Florida on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the second largest city in Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=481.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacksonville, Florida is located on the Atlantic coast in northeast Florida, about 25 miles south of the Georgia state line, and about 340 miles (550 kilometers) north of Miami. The city was established in 1822 and is named for Andrew Jackson, who was the first military governor of the Florida Territory and seventh U.S. President. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=481.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarnett “Barney” Bender (1893-1966) was born in Russia, but later immigrated to the United States. He married Lena Eplan in 1918 and they had one daughter, Dorothy. Barney owned and operated The Bentley Hotel in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=571.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Morris Plan Bank was first established in 1910 to lend money to individuals who couldn't obtain loans from mainstream banks. It opened in Atlanta in 1911.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=642.0,649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Housing Administration or FHA is a US government agency found by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1934. It was created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. Its primary function is to provide insurance for mortgages that originate with private lenders for various types of properties. FHA mortgage insurance serves to safeguard private lenders from financial losses if a property owner defaults on their mortgage.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=661.0,691.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMoses Eplan (1891-1944) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and son of Leon and Rosa Eplan. He operated a jewelry store in Gainesville, Georgia. He married Esther M. Sewelowitz in 1919 and they had one daughter, Elisa.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=751.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGainesville is a city and the county seat of Hall County, Georgia, United States. Gainesville has a large number of poultry processing plants and it has been called the \"Poultry Capital of the World.\" Gainesville is included in the Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Gainesville, Georgia Combined Statistical Area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=751.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsaac “Ike” Eplan (1885-1957) was an Atlanta native and son of Leon and Rosa Eplan. He later moved to Rome, Georgia, where he operated the Ray Jewelry Company for 25 years. He married Nettie Stein in 1917 and they had two daughters. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=751.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRome, Georgia is located in northeastern Georgia in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains. It the largest city in and the county seat in Floyd County, Georgia. It was incorporated in 1834 and is named after Rome, Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=751.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeon Voll (1896-1985) was born in Odessa, Russia and immigrated to the United States in 1923 where he settled in Atlanta, Georgia. He was a businessman that operated a pawn store in Atlanta. He married Eva Lefkoff and they had three daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=781.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChattanooga is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee. It is located along the Tennessee River, and borders Georgia to the south. Chattanooga was a crucial city during the American Civil War, due to the multiple railroads that converge there. After the war, the railroads allowed for the city to grow into one of the Southeastern United States' largest heavy industrial hubs. Chattanooga remains a transit hub in the present day, served by multiple Interstate highways and railroad lines. Chattanooga is internationally known for the 1941 hit song \"Chattanooga Choo Choo\" by Glenn Miller and his orchestra. It is home to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC) and Chattanooga State Community College.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=906.0,932.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChipeh Cohen Abelson (1854-1922) was born in Belarus and later immigrated with her husband and children to the United States. She married Israel Abelson in 1874, and they had nine children. One of her daughter’s was Bess Abelson Eplan and she was the grandmother of Leon S. Eplan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=932.0,940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBess Abelson Eplan (1897-1969) was born in Belarus to Israel and Chipeh Abelson. She later immigrated with her family to Chattanooga, Tennessee. She married Samuel Eplan in 1922 and they had two children, Caroline Eplan Goldsmith and Leon S. Eplan. Bess worked as the legal secretary for her husband. She and her husband were members of Ahavath Achim synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=944.0,951.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsrael Abelson (1853-1935) was born in Belarus and immigrated to the United States in 1907. He settled with his wife and nine children in Chattanooga, Tennessee. In later life, he moved to Atlanta, Georgia where he worked as a merchant. One of his daughter’s was Bess Abelson Eplan, and he was the grandfather of Leon S. Eplan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=955.0,963.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1008.0,1011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) is an international youth-led fraternal organization for Jewish teenage boys. Its sister organization for teenage girls is B'nai B'rith Girls (BBG). B'nai B'rith Youth Organization, now BBYO, is an umbrella organization including Jewish teens in both AZA and BBG.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1113.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boy Scouts of America (BSA, colloquially the Boy Scouts) is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with about 2.3 million youth participants and about one million adult volunteers. The BSA was founded in 1910, and since then, about 110 million Americans participated in BSA programs at some time in their lives. BSA is part of the international Scout Movement and became a founding member organization of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1113.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Don’t Worry Club was founded in 1913. Samuel Eplan was the club’s first president. Eastern European Jews teens and young adults, who were excluded from German-Jewish and gentile social clubs created it, along with other organizations. The club eventually had groups in Atlanta, Savannah, Georgia, and Chattanooga, Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1143.0,1147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSavannah is the oldest city in the state of Georgia. It is a coastal city, separated from Charleston, South Carolina by the Savannah River. The city and the colony of Georgia was founded in 1733 when General James Oglethorpe and settlers arrived. During the Revolutionary War the city was the southernmost commercial port and during the Civil War it was the sixth most populous city in the Confederacy. City officials negotiated a peaceful surrender of the city in 1864, saving the city from destruction by General Sherman’s army. The city is known for its historic district with its 22 parklike squares, which was based on a design known as the Oglethorpe Plan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1179.0,1195.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerbert Taylor (1895-1987) was a native Atlantan. His father was a founding member and the first secretary of Ahavath Achim synagogue in 1887. Herbert began his career as a pharmacist before venturing into a successful construction and real estate business. Herbert married Esther Kahn (1905—1992), the daughter of Marcus Kahn, one of the founders of the Shearith Israel. He attended Boys’ High, served in the military during World War I, and graduated from the Atlanta School of Pharmacy. He operated Taylor Drug Company and was an owner of iconic Plaza Drugs on Ponce de Leon Avenue. He left the pharmacy business for the construction business, building homes, apartments, and shopping centers. He became president of a firm that built the Mall West End in Atlanta and was a member of the board of directors of Phoenix Investments, which built the Hyatt Regency Atlanta. He was a member of the Don’t Worry Club, Commerce Club, American Jewish Committee, and Ahavath Achim Synagogue. Herbert and his wife Esther often donated materials and time to philanthropic projects in Atlanta. They had one son, Mark Taylor (b. 1928). Mark and his wife, Judith Grossman Taylor (b. 1936) are also active members of Atlanta’s Jewish community and involved in many philanthropic activities. The Esther and Herbert Taylor Family Foundation supports The Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection at the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History at the Breman Museum in Atlanta, which consists of a thousand oral histories that document Jewish life in Georgia and Alabama. He and his wife also donated their home to establish the Louis Kahn Group Home for the Elderly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1335.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMark K. Taylor (b. 1928) is an Atlanta native and the only son of Hebert and Esther Kahn Taylor. He graduated from Boys’ High School and Cornell University. He earned his master’s from Georgia Tech. He worked with his father Herbert Taylor in the construction business, Taylor Enterprises. He married Judith Grossman in 1957. They had four children. Mark and Judith are philanthropists and are active in the Atlanta Jewish community.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1335.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNative Atlantan, philanthropist and community leader Erwin Zaban (1921-2010) was known by many as the “G-dfather of the Jewish Community.” After quitting school to help in his father’s Depression-era business at age 15, Zaban built successful businesses worth billions of dollars and donated millions to worthy causes. He worked alongside his parents to build Zep Manufacturing Company. Zep later merged with National Linen and became National Service Industries, a Fortune 500 Company. He donated and raised money for undeveloped land in Dunwoody that became Zaban Park, home of the Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta. He donated money to the Jewish Home, for which the Zaban Tower is named. He helped create the homeless couples’ shelter at The Temple which bears his name.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1343.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMandle Zaban founded ZEP in 1937 with two others—William Eplan and Samuel Powell (thus “ZEP”). The company manufactured and sold sanitation and cleaning chemicals. Erwin Zaban quit school joined the business when he was 17, eventually in 1948 assuming the leadership. In 1962, ZEP was sold to National Linen Service. The ZEP brand still exists today (2021).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1352.0,1382.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam J. “Billy” Eplan (1909-1939) was an Atlanta native but moved to Florida in his retirement. He was the secretary and treasurer of the Zep Manufacturing Company. He was a member of Fulton Lodge No. 216 and B’nai B’rith. He was married to Dora Gilner.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1382.0,1412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElise Eplan (b. 1960) grew up in Atlanta, Georgia. She is the eldest child of Leon and Madalyne Buchman Eplan. She attended Lovett School and graduated from Brandeis University. Elise holds a master’s in Public and Private Management from Yale University. She has worked as the Director of The America Project at the Carter Center. She is an Associate Director at Arthur M. Blank Family Foundation. She has also been active in the Atlanta chapter of the American Jewish Committee and served on the board of The Paideia School and Agnes Scott College Board of Visitors. She is married to Bob Marcovitch, and they have a son and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1382.0,1412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Progressive Club was a Jewish social organization in Atlanta, Georgia. It was established in 1913 by Russian Jews who felt unwelcome at the Standard Club, where German Jews were predominant. At first the club was located in a rented house until a new club was built on Pryor Street including a swimming pool and a gym. In 1940 the club opened a larger facility at 1050 Techwood Drive in Midtown with three swimming pools, tennis, and softball. In 1976 the club moved north to 1160 Moore’s Mill Road near Interstate 75. The property was eventually sold to the YMCA as the club faced financial challenges. The Carl E. Sanders Family YMCA at Buckhead, which stands on the former site of the Progressive Club, opened in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1484.0,1502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1557.0,1562.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as Masorti Judaism, Conservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual, but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. In general, Conservative congregations also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis, and bat mitzvah). The governing body for Conservative Judaism in the United States is the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism (USCJ), formerly known as the United Synagogue of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1557.0,1562.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1606.0,1610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCrew Street School was the first grammar school opened in the Atlanta Public School System. Crew Street grammar school opened in 1872, which also happened to be the end of Reconstruction in Georgia. The original structure was located at 97 Crew Street between Washington Street and Capital Avenue. It was demolished and rebuilt twice in 1895 and 1911. In 1957, it was one of the nearly 500 buildings demolished for construction of the Interstate 20 expressway.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1622.0,1636.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBirmingham is located in the north central part of the southern state of Alabama. It is the county seat of Jefferson county and the most populous city in the state. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, the city received national and international attention. In 1963, local civil right activist Fred Shuttlesworth asked Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Conference to come to the city to help end segregation. Their effort was known as Project C (Confrontation) and specifically attacked the Jim Crow systems that existed in the city. The sit-ins and mass marches were organized and lead to 3,000 arrests, but eventually lead to desegregation in the city and helped with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Dr. King was among those arrested and jailed. During his time in jail, he wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail. Birmingham was also the site of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in 1963, which killed four young black girls.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1651.0,1655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOakland Cemetery is the oldest cemetery and one of the largest green spaces, in Atlanta. Many notable Georgians are buried at Oakland including Margaret Mitchell, author of Gone with the Wind; Joseph Jacobs, owner of the pharmacy where John Pemberton first sold Coca-Cola as a soft drink; Bobby Jones, the only golfer to win the Grand Slam, the United States Amateur, United States Open, British Amateur and the Open Championship in the same year; as well as former Georgia governors and Atlanta mayors. Oakland is an excellent example of a Victorian-style cemetery and contains numerous monuments and mausoleums that are of great beauty and historical significance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1711.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGreenwood Cemetery, opened in 1904, is designed in the Lawn style, with long vistas in all directions. Greenwood has a large Jewish section. Greenwood Cemetery is also the home of the Memorial to the Six Million, where Holocaust remembrance services are held every spring.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1711.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsrael Eplan (1890-1896) was the son of Leon and Rosa Eplan. He died at the age of six when he fell from a fence and his necktie got hooked on the fence and accidently hung him. He is buried at Oakland Cemetery in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1711.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacob “Jake Abel” Abelson (1892-1963) was born in Russia and later immigrated to the United States. He grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee and later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. He became a boxer in his youth, fighting under the name Jake Abel. While serving in WWI, he was crowned Champion of the Allies Expeditionary Forces boxing league. He owned a haberdashery, a laundry, and the Jefferson Hotel. He was president of the Atlanta’s Men’s Hotel Association, life member of Zionist Organization of America, a member of Ahavath Achim, B’nai B’rith, Jewish War veterans, and other organizations. In 1921, he married Charnye Bressler and they had a daughter and a son. He was the older brother of Bess Eplan and uncle of Leon S. Eplan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1805.0,1810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jefferson Hotel, built in 1921, was located at the intersection of Alabama and Pryor Streets in downtown Atlanta, Georgia. In 1980, a fire destroyed the building. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1812.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnderground Atlanta is a shopping and entertainment district in the Five Points neighborhood of downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States, near the Five Points MARTA station. It is currently (2021) undergoing renovations. First opened in 1969, it takes advantage of the viaducts built over the city's many railroad tracks to accommodate later automobile traffic. The popularity of the area has waxed and waned over the years, with its heyday lasting only about five years from its opening to 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1812.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Bentley Hotel was located at 66-78 Pryor Street SW in Atlanta, Georgia. It was originally known as the Empire Hotel but was renamed the Bentley in 1929. It eventually became part of Atlanta Underground that was built in the 1970’s. For a period of time the hotel was owned and operated by Barnett “Barney” Bender.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1934.0,1935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDorothy Bender (1919-1997) was an Atlanta native and the only daughter of Barnett and Lena Eplan Bender. She was a lifelong member of Ahavath Achim synagogue and a member of the Achva Day Club. She died after suffering injuries as a passenger in a car accident.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1971.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbe Goldstein (1889-1982) was a business and Jewish community leader. He was active in Ahavath Achim and Israel Bonds, the Anti-Defamation League, the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Federation and many other community causes. He founded Prior Tire Company in 1920 and remained active in the business throughout his life. He also served as a member of the Georgia Governors staff under three different administrations. In 1966, the Anti-Defamation League Southeast Region began awarding the Abe Goldstein Human Relations Award to honor community involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1980.0,2001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMax Abelson (1889-1946) was born in Russia and later immigrated to the United States. He grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee and later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. He was a businessman that worked at a pawn shop and hotel. He was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue. He was the older brother of Jacob Abelson and Bess Abelson Eplan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2011.0,2041.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry Abelson (1882-1951) was born in Russia and later immigrated to the United States. He grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee and later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. He worked in the insurance industry and also was the president of Perfect Belt Manufacturing Co. Harry was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue, the Progressive Club, Fulton Lodge and B’nai B’rith. He was also a Shriner and a Scottish Rite Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2041.0,2071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeo Max Frank (1884-1915) was a Jewish factory superintendent in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1913, he was accused of raping and murdering one of his employees, a 13-year-old girl named Mary Phagan, whose body was found on the premises of the National Pencil Company. Frank was arrested, tried, convicted and sentenced to death for her murder. The trial was the catalyst for a great outburst of antisemitism led by the populist Tom Watson and the center of powerful class and political interests. Frank was sent to Milledgeville State Penitentiary to await his execution. Governor John M. Slaton, believing there had been a miscarriage of justice, commuted Frank’s sentence to life in prison. This enraged a group of men who styled themselves the “Knights of Mary Phagan.” They drove to the prison, kidnapped Frank from his cell and drove him to Marietta, Georgia where they lynched him. Many years later, the murderer was revealed to be Jim Conley, who had lied in the trial, pinning it on Frank instead. Frank was pardoned on March 11, 1986, although they stopped short of exonerating him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2101.0,2108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2022, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2311.0,2341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Top Hat Club was a Reform Jewish high school fraternity in Atlanta that was made up of students from various high schools including Boys’ High, Tech High and Druid Hills. It was started because Jewish students were not allowed in non-Jewish fraternities. It hosted an annual banquet each year and took part in other activities including sports.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2311.0,2341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYoung Judaea is a peer-led Zionist youth movement founded in 1909 for Jewish youth in grades 2–12. Its programs include youth clubs, conventions, summer camps and Israel programs that provide experiential programming through which Jewish youth and young adults build meaningful relationships with their peers, emphasize social action, and develop a lifelong commitment to Jewish life, the Jewish people, and Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2311.0,2341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlpha Epsilon Phi (ΑΕΦ or AEPhi) is a sorority and one of the members of the National Panhellenic Conference. It was founded on October 24, 1909, at Barnard College in New York City by seven Jewish women. Although it is a historically Jewish sorority, it is not a religious organization and welcomes women of all religions and race who honor, respect, and appreciate the Jewish faith and identity, and are comfortable in a Jewish milieu to pledge for sisterhood. The vast majority of AEPhi sisters are Jewish.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2401.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Phi (ΤΕΦ, nicknamed “Tep”) is a college social fraternity founded by Jewish students at Columbia University in 1910. As of 2022, it has fifteen active chapters and five active colonies, with its oldest active chapter residing at the University of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2401.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZeta Beta Tau (ΖΒΤ) is a Greek-letter social fraternity based in North America. It was founded on December 29, 1898 at City College of New York and is recognized as the first Jewish collegiate social fraternity. Originally a Zionist youth society, its purpose changed from Zionism in the fraternity's early years, and in 1954 the organization became nonsectarian and opened itself to non-Jewish members, changing its membership policy to include \"all men of good character,\" but is still a predominantly Jewish fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2401.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhi Epsilon Pi (ΦEΠ, known as “Phi Ep”) was a predominantly Jewish fraternity active between 1904 and 1970. At its peak it had at least 48 chapters across the United States and Canada. In 1970, Phi Ep was absorbed by a rival Jewish fraternity, Zeta Beta Tau.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2408.0,2410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Dr. David Marx (1872-1962) was a long-time rabbi at the Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. A native of New Orleans, he led the congregation’s move toward the practices of Reform Judaism. He served as rabbi from 1895 to 1946. When he retired, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild took the pulpit that Rabbi Marx had held for more than half a century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2431.0,2461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePogrom is a Russian word meaning \"to wreak havoc, to demolish violently\" that historically refers to violent attacks on by local non-Jewish populations on Jews. Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire were large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting that first began in the 19th century. Pogroms began occurring after the Russian Empire acquired territories with large Jewish populations from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Ottoman Empire during 1772–1815.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2521.0,2551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHasidic Judaism [also sometimes called Chasidim (from the Hebrew word \"Chasid\" meaning \"pious”)] is a Jewish mystical movement that was founded in eighteenth century Eastern Europe by Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov. It promotes spirituality through the popularization and internalization of Jewish mysticism as the fundamental aspect of the faith. Hasidic Judaism refers to a branch of Orthodox Judaism that maintains a lifestyle separate from the non-Jewish world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2521.0,2551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoys’ High School was founded in 1924. It later merged with Tech High and became coeducational and became known as Henry W. Grady High School. It is part of the Atlanta Public School System. It has had many notable alumni, including S. Truett Cathy, the founder of Chick-fil-A. It is located in Midtown Atlanta. In 2020, the Atlanta School Board voted to rename the school “Midtown High School” beginning in the 2021-2022 school year.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2581.0,2611.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntisemitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2662.0,2671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrandeis University is a private research college located in Waltham, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1948, as a non-sectarian, co-ed university sponsored by the Jewish community. The university was named for Louis Brandeis, the first Jewish United States Supreme Court Justice.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2760.0,2788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University is a private research university in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded in 1836 as \"Emory College\" by the Methodist Episcopal Church and named in honor of Methodist bishop John Emory, Emory is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2760.0,2788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe York House Inn is Georgia’s oldest bed and breakfast and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The original home was built in the 1840’s and started operating as an inn in 1896 and expanded in 1907 to provide housing to workers building the Tallulah Falls Railroad. It is located outside of Clayton, Georgia and sits in a valley at the beginning of the Appalachian Trail.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2827.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClayton, Georgia is located in northeastern Georgia and sits in the Blue Ridge Mountains. It is the county seat of Rabun County. The city dates back to the 1770’s because the town sat at the intersection of three important Cherokee trails. European-American settlers named it the Rabun County seat in 1821. The town was formerly incorporated and named Clayton in 1823. In 1957, part of the Disney movie Old Yeller was shot in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Sears Building was an eight-story building built in 1926 at 675 Ponce de Leon Avenue. It served as a warehouse facility and retail store for Sears and Roebuck for decades. It overlooked the grandstands and the baseball diamond of the Atlanta Crackers, predecessors to the Atlanta Braves. The City of Atlanta purchased the building in the late 1980s for office space and the building became known as City Hall East. After decades of declining occupancy, the building was sold to a developer who reopened it in 2012 as Ponce City Market, a mixed use residential, office and retail space.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePonce de Leon Avenue, often simply called “Ponce,” provides a link between Atlanta, Decatur, Clarkston, and Stone Mountain, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fox Theatre is located on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta. The theater was originally planned as part of a large Shrine Temple as evidenced by its Moorish design. The theater was ultimately developed as a lavish movie palace, opening in 1929. The auditorium replicates an Arabian courtyard under a night sky of flickering stars and drifting clouds. The Fox Theatre now hosts cultural and artistic events, and concerts by popular artists.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2910.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeachtree Street is a major road that runs through Atlanta, Georgia. It starts at Five Points in downtown and runs north through Midtown. A few blocks after it enters into the Buckhead neighborhood the name changes to Peachtree Road at Deering Road. The street contains many of the city’s historic architecture and is used for various annual parades and major parades like World Series victory parades.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2910.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePonce de Leon Springs was a mineral spring in Atlanta, Georgia. It was a popular tourist destination from the mid-1800’s through the early 1900’s. The land around the spring was developed into an amusement park in the early 1900’s and it became known as “the Coney Island of Atlanta.” By the 1920’s, the amusement park was demolished, and the area was developed for industrial and later commercial properties.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2910.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Crackers were minor league baseball teams based in Atlanta between 1901 and 1965. The Crackers were Atlanta's home team until the Atlanta Braves moved from Milwaukee in 1966. The Crackers played in Ponce de Leon Park from 1907 until a fire destroyed the all-wood stadium in 1923. Spiller Field (a stadium later also called “Ponce de Leon Park”), became their home starting in the 1924 season. The new park was constructed around a magnolia tree that became part of the outfield.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2975.0,2989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMobile is a city and county seat of Mobile County, Alabama. The city is Alabama’s only saltwater port and is located on the Mobile River at the head of Mobile Bay on the north-central Gulf Coast. The port is a major economic force for the city. The city was founded in 1702 by the French and was the first capital of Louisiana. The city became part of the United States in 1813 when it was annexed by President James Madison. It was incorporated in 1814.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2975.0,2989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColumbus is the capital of South Carolina. It is the second-most populous city in the state. It lies at the confluence of the Saluda River and the Broad River, which merge at the city to form the Congaree River. The city was chosen as the state’s capital in 1786 due to its central location in the state. The city is the home of the University of South Carolina and is also the site of Fort Jackson, the largest United States Army installation for Basic Combat Training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2975.0,2989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMacon, Georgia is located in central Georgia. It is officially known as Macon-Bibb County, a consolidated city-county. The city was settled on what was originally the site of the Ocmulgee Old Fields, where the Creek Indian lived in the 18th century. In 1809, Fort Benjamin Hawkins was built on what would officially become Macon in 1823. During the Civil War, the city was spared by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman on his march to sea.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2975.0,2989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta–Fulton County Stadium, often referred to as “Fulton County Stadium” and originally named “Atlanta Stadium,” was built to attract a major league baseball team. In 1966 it succeeded when the Milwaukee Braves relocated from to Atlanta. Designed by Jewish Atlantan Cecil Alexander, the stadium was built on the site of the cleared Washington-Rawson neighborhood, which had been a wealthy area and home to much of Atlanta’s Jewish community. The Braves continued to play at Fulton County Stadium until the end of the 1996 season, when they moved into Turner Field, the converted Centennial Olympic Stadium originally built for the 1996 Summer Olympics. That stadium, in turn, was renovated and renamed Georgia State Stadium in 2016, and Center Parc Stadium in 2020. Fulton County Stadium was demolished in 1997. A parking lot for Center Parc Stadium now (2021) stands on the site.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2991.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMidtown High School, formerly Henry W. Grady High School, is a public high school located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It began as Boys High School and was one of the first two high schools established by Atlanta Public Schools in 1872. In 1947, the school was named after Henry W. Grady, a famous journalist and orator in the Reconstruction Era, but controversially, a white supremacist. In December 2020, the school's name was changed to Midtown High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3000.0,3023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Public Schools began in 1872 with three elementary schools, and Boys' High and Girls' High for white students, along with two elementary schools for Black students. A department of manual training slowly developed at Boys’ High. Some considered it a better idea to create a separate school. In 1909 the Technological High School (Tech High), opened for boys interested in applied sciences in electricity, automobiles, aviation, and manufacturing. The school closed in 1947 when it merged with Boys' High to become Henry W. Grady High School (as of 2022, Midtown High School).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3000.0,3023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Institute of Technology, which is commonly referred to as Georgia Tech is a public research university and institute of technology in Atlanta. It was founded in 1885 during Reconstruction as part of the plan to build a industrial economy in the post-Civil War South.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3030.0,3057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGirls’ High School was one of seven schools as part of the original Atlanta public school system. It opened in 1872, and was the only public school in the area exclusively for girls. In 1947, Atlanta high schools became co-educational, and Girls’ High was renamed Roosevelt High School, which in turn closed in 1985 when it merged with Hoke Smith High School to become Southside High School (now Maynard H. Jackson High School). As of 2022, the building formerly housing Girls’ High School in the Grant Park neighborhood is a luxury apartment complex.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3030.0,3057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBooker T. Washington High School was named for the famous African-American reformer and educator.  It opened in September 1924 and was the first public high school for African Americans in the Atlanta Public Schools system and Georgia as a whole. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCommercial High School began as a department of Girls’ High School in 1889 for girls who wanted to learn business skills. They taught bookkeeping, typing, math and history. It expanded to a four-story brick building on Pryor Street, and in 1910 became Atlanta’s first coed high school. It closed in June 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA historic neighborhood of Atlanta that was formed around Grant Park, the fourth largest park in the city. It had two major attractions: Zoo Atlanta and the Atlanta Cyclorama, a cyclorama featuring the 1864 Battle of Atlanta during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFort Gordon, formerly known as Camp Gordon, is a United States Army installation established in October 1941. It is the current home of the United States Army Signal Corps. The United States Army established many war-training camps during World War I. Chamblee, a suburb northeast of Atlanta, was selected for one of the state's largest army cantonments. It is named after John Brown Gordon, a major general in the Confederate States Army during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChamblee, Georgia is located in northern DeKalb County, northeast of Atlanta. The city was incorporated in August 1908. The city was initially known for its dairy farms, but in 1917 some of the land was transformed into Camp Gordon. After World War I ended, Camp Gordon was closed, but reopened as a Navy Flight Training Center in 1941. Lawson Veterans Hospital was later built on Camp Gordon’s site.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarold U. Hirsch (1881-1930) was a well-known attorney who was active in philanthropic organizations in the Atlanta area. He received his law degree in 1904 and soon became one of Atlanta's most prominent lawyers, helping Coca-Cola trademark its signature logo and bottle design in a number of copyright infringement cases. He was also involved in the creation of the law school at Emory University and one of the founding members of the faculty. Hirsch was very involved in philanthropic endeavors, particularly those in the Jewish community. He was a member of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation (the Temple), the Federation of Jewish Charities, the United Jewish Charities, and the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith. He helped found The Atlanta Committee for German-Jewish Relief and served as chairman of the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCoca-Cola or Coke is a carbonated soft drink manufactured by the Coca-Cola Company. It was created in the late 19th century as an alcohol-free or temperance drink by John Stith Pemberton in Atlanta, Georgia. Coca-Cola leads in beverage sales when compared to its major competitor, the soft drink Pepsi. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip Weltner (1887-1981) was a native New Yorker who lived in Atlanta. He attended the University of Georgia and Columbia Law School. He was an attorney in private practice as well as Chancellor of the University System of Georgia for two years and president of Oglethorpe University for nine years. He was a close advisor to Robert W. Woodruff, president of the Coca-Cola Company.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Longstreet Weltner (1927-1992) was an American jurist and politician. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1948, he received a bachelor's degree from Oglethorpe University. In 1950, he received a law degree from Columbia Law School in New York City. After serving two years in the United States Army, Weltner practiced law in Atlanta and worked to defeat Georgia's county-unit system and preserve the public school system after state leaders threatened to close the schools rather than integrate. In 1962, Weltner was elected to represent Georgia’s 5th congressional district in the House of Representatives as a Democrat. After leaving politics, Weltner continued his legal career, first as a judge in the Fulton County Superior Court from 1976 to 1981 and then serving as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia from 1981 to 1992. In June 1992, he was elected as chief justice of that body by his fellow justices, and he served in that role until his death in Atlanta on August 31, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Georgia (UGA) is a public land grant university, which was founded in 1785 making it one of the oldest universities in the United States. Its main campus is in Athens, Georgia with two satellite campuses in Atlanta and Lawrenceville. It is the flagship school of the University System of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOglethorpe University is a private college in Brookhaven, Georgia. It was founded in 1835 and named after General James Oglethorpe, who was the founder of the Georgia colony.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3210.0,3219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA lake known as Mooney's Lake was originally located in Lindbergh on the east side of Piedmont Road. Deuward S. Mooney developed it into a recreation center in 1920. It had two spring water pools, a lake for swimming and canoeing, horseback riding, miniature golf, and a railroad. Food was sold at the pavilion, and there was dancing to jukebox music. The pavilion burned down in the 1950s and subsequently went out of business. In 1958, Mooney's Lake was drained and the developers Jordan, Davis, and Carter built the Broadview Shopping Center, later named Lindbergh Plaza.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGreenbriar Mall is a shopping mall located in the Greenbriar neighborhood of Atlanta. It opened in 1965 and was Atlanta’s third enclosed mall. The mall housed the very first Chick-fil-A location and also was home to the second-largest suburban Rich’s Department Store when the mall opened.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCumberland Mall, which is located in the Cumberland area of Atlanta, Georgia, was the largest shopping mall in Georgia when it opened in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3340.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBert Adams Scout Camp was founded in 1928 in Vinings, Georgia and was a Boy Scout reservation. The current camp is outside Covington, Georgia and opened in 1960. It caters to Cub Scouts who get their first taste of scouting and outdoors programs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3340.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCandler Mansion, sometimes called Briarcliff, was the home of Coca-Cola’s Asa Candler Jr. The house was built between 1920-1922. It was sold in 1948 and was supposed to become a veterans hospital. In 1953, it became the Georgian Clinic, the first alcohol rehab center in Georgia. From 1965 to 1997, it housed the Georgia Mental Health Institute. The building now sits vacant on part of the Briarcliff campus of Emory University.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3377.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCallanwolde Fine Arts Center is a community art center that offers classes and workshops. It also includes space for special performance, gallery exhibits and fundraising galas. Callanwolde is the name of the mansion that houses the center. The mansion was built by Charles Howard Candler, who was the president of The Coca-Cola Company (1916, 1920-1923) and chairman of Emory University’s Board of Trustees for almost 30 years. Candler is the eldest son of The Coca-Cola Company founder, Asa Griggs Candler.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3390.0,3404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Driving Club is a prestigious private social club located adjacent to Piedmont Park that was founded in 1887. New members have to be vouched for by three current members. The club prohibited Jewish and Black membership for most of its history, although today there are a few Black, Jewish, and other ethnic minority members.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3489.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMemphis is a city on the Mississippi River in southwest Tennessee, in Shelby County. Memphis is the second-most populous city in Tennessee after Nashville. It is a historic and culturally significant city in the Southern United States, famous for the influential strains of blues, soul and rock 'n' roll that originated there. Elvis Presley, B.B. King, and Johnny Cash recorded albums at the legendary Sun Studio, and Presley’s Graceland mansion is a popular attraction. Other music landmarks include the Rock 'n' Soul Museum, Blues Hall of Fame, and Stax Museum of American Soul Music. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3540.0,3554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California is officially the city and county of San Francisco. It is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city was founded in 1776 as a Spanish mission and officially incorporated in 1850. The city is known for landmarks including the Golden Gate Bridge, cable cars, Alcatraz prison, Chinatown, and the Mission districts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=3660.0,3688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel A. Massell Jr. (1927-2022) was a businessman and politician who served from 1970 to 1974 as the 53rd mayor of Atlanta, Georgia. He was the first Jewish mayor in the city's history. Massell attended the University of Georgia in Athens and transferred to Emory University before being drafted into the United States Army Air Force in 1946. He later returned to school and earned his bachelor's degree in commercial science and Bachelor of Laws degree from Atlanta Law School. A lifelong Atlanta resident, Massell had successful careers in real estate brokerage, elected office, tourism, and association management. His mayoral administration is credited with having established the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, the Omni Coliseum, the first enclosed arena in Atlanta, and Woodruff Park in Central City.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4018.0,4048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRodney Mims Cook (1924-2013) was a politician in Atlanta, Georgia who was an Atlanta city alderman and simultaneously was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1966–1973. Cook unsuccessfully ran for Mayor of Atlanta in 1969, when Sam Massell defeated him. His pro-civil rights stance led the Ku Klux Klan to burn a cross on the lawn of his home. He was a graduate of Washington and Lee University in Lexington Virginia. During World War II, he was a lieutenant in the United States Navy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4018.0,4048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy League is an American collegiate athletic conference that is made of eight private research universities in the northeastern United States. The schools included Brown University, Columbia University, Yale University, Harvard University, Princeton University, Cornell University, Dartmouth University, and the University of Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4128.0,4134.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia hosted the 1996 Summer Olympics, the games were held from July 19 to August 14, 1996, opened by President Bill Clinton, with Muhammad Ali carrying the Olympic torch. A record 197 nations and 10,318 athletes took part in the games, including 11 debut countries, formerly Soviet republics. The games debuted three new sports, in addition to women’s swimming and fencing. Atlanta was chosen to host the games in 1990 in Tokyo, Japan over five other countries, including the home country of the Olympics, Greece. On July 27, a domestic terrorist planted a pipe bomb that was discovered by security guard, Richard Jewell. Jewell is credited with saving many lives as he notified law enforcement and helped evacuate as many people as possible. The bomb injured 111 people and killed two. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4224.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIvan Earnest Allen, Jr. (1911-2003), was an American businessman who served two terms as the 52nd Mayor of Atlanta during the turbulent civil rights era of the 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4252.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited Way Worldwide is a privately-funded nonprofit, based in the United States. The United Way network is made up of nearly 1,800 autonomous 501c3 organizations, each governed and funded locally. The network spans more than 40 countries and territories and 6 continents. It serves 61 million people across the globe, fueled by 2.9 million volunteers and 8.3 million donors. Its predecessor organization was founded in Denver, Colorado in 1887, and it became known as the United Way in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4266.0,4268.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Capital City Club is a private social club founded in Atlanta in 1883. It is among the oldest social organizations in the South. The Club presently operates three facilities, the oldest of which, the downtown Atlanta club. The Capital City Country Club, located in Brookhaven, was leased in 1913 and purchased in 1915. In the autumn of 2002 an additional club facility, the Crabapple Golf Club, was completed in the city of Milton, in the northern portion of Fulton County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4356.0,4363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a Jewish social club that started as the “Concordia Association” in 1867 in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905, it was reorganized as the “Standard Club” and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near the site of Center Parc Credit Union Stadium (formerly Turner Field). In the late 1920s the club moved to Ponce de Leon Avenue in Midtown Atlanta. Later, the club moved to what is now the Lenox Park business park and was located there until 1983. In the 1980s, the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4363.0,4381.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Mayfair Club opened in 1938 at 1456 Spring Street in Midtown Atlanta and was a focal point of Jewish life in the city for more than 25 years.  The club was founded in 1930 and first met at the Biltmore Hotel. The club was visited by Eleanor Roosevelt, Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir, mayors Ivan Allen and William Berry Hartsfield, senators Herman Talmadge and Richard Russell, and Governor Carl Sanders.  Fire destroyed the Mayfair Club on December 4, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4381.0,4388.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEllis Gibbs Arnall (1907-1992) was the 69th Governor of Georgia from 1943-1947. Arnall was a nationally recognized litigator and served as Attorney General of Georgia before becoming Governor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4561.0,4578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRailroad freight rates refer to the fees charged for transportation of goods or passengers by rail. The rates are set by the railroad companies and impact the cost of trade and travel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4601.0,4621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSolomon Golden (1899-1989) was born in Vilna, Lithuania in 1899 and immigrated to the United States in 1912. He earned his law degree from Emory University and practiced law for 63 years in attorney in Atlanta, Georgia. He was one the founding partner of Arnall Golden and Gregory, which he founded with former Georgia Governor Ellis Arnall and Cleburne Gregory Jr. He also helped organize the SYSCO Corporation, a wholesale industrial food distributor and helped take the firm public.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4634.0,4651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArnall Golden and Gregory is a law firmed in 1949 founded by Ellis G. Arnall, Sol I. Golden, and Cleburne Gregory, Jr. The firm continues to operate today with nearly 200 attorneys in Atlanta, Georgia and Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4634.0,4651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVictor Maslia (1928-1993) was an Atlanta native. He graduated from Commercial High School and Emory University with a degree in journalism. He worked as a real estate investor. In 1988, he was appointed to Atlanta’s City Council to fill an unexpired a vacant seat. He served as president for Apartment Owners and Managers Association, the Buckhead Business Association, and Or VeShalom synagogue. He was married to Lenore Sater Maslia, and they had one son and three daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4704.0,4713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism, broadly defined in the modern era as the opposition to the ethnonationalist and political movement of Jews and Jewish culture that supports the establishment of a Jewish states as a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4713.0,4743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Council for Judaism (ACJ) is an organization of American Jews committed to the proposition that Jews are not a nationality but merely a religious group, adhering to the original stated principles of Reform Judaism. The ACJ was founded in June 1942 by a group of Reform rabbis who opposed the direction of their movement, including, but not limited to, the issue of Zionism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4713.0,4743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a movement which supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened, and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4773.0,4791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1897, the Zionist Organization of America is the oldest pro-Israel organization in the United States. It is dedicated to educating the public, elected officials, media, and college/high school students about Israel and to promoting strong United States-Israel relations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4791.0,4798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdalbert Freedman (1902-2002) was born in Strasbourg, France and immigrated to the United States in 1921. In 1934, he settled in Atlanta and worked for the Federal Reserve Bank. He serviced as the first executive director of the Southeastern Region of the Zionist Organization of America. He was also an attorney. Adalbert was a member of The Temple and the Association of Reform Zionist of America. He was married to Miriam Kaufman, and they had one daughter, Dorothy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4791.0,4798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiriam Kaufman Freedman (1909-1997) was a native of Columbus, Georgia. She worked as the Manager of the Merchants’ Mutual Credit Corporation and vice-president of Mercantile National Bank. She was president of The Temple Sisterhood, The Temple Seniors, and the Business and Professional Division of Hadassah. She was also a member of Golda Meir Chapter of Na’amat. Miriam was married to Adalbert Freedman, and they had one daughter, Dorothy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4791.0,4798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple Sisterhood was established in 1912 and is the oldest congregation-sponsored women's organization in Atlanta. It was initiated by Temple Rabbi David Marx, who felt that a women's group could help in the development of the synagogue as both a religious and educational gathering place for members of the congregation. Previously, the responsibility for many of these activities fell to the Atlanta Section of the National Council of Jewish Women, an organization founded by Temple members. Josephine Kaufman was the first Sisterhood president. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4803.0,4814.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Arab-Israeli War of 1948 broke out when five Arab nations invaded territory in the former Palestinian mandate immediately following the announcement of the independence of the state of Israel on May 14, 1948. In Israel, the war is remembered as its War of Independence. In the Arab world, it came to be known as the Nakba (“Catastrophe”) because of the large number of refugees and displaced persons resulting from the war.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4814.0,4825.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePalestine is an area in the eastern Mediterranean region. Today, the region is made up of modern Israel and the Palestinian territories of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Beginning in 1920, Great Britain ruled Palestine under a mandate created by the League of Nations. The British were to facilitate the establishment of a modern Jewish homeland. In April 1947, the U.N. General Assembly set up the Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP). This committee recommended that the British mandate over Palestine be ended, and that the territory be partitioned into two states. On November 29, 1947, the U.N. General Assembly passed the partition plan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4893.0,4918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Catskill Mountains, often referred to as the “Catskills,” are a large area in the southeastern portion of that state of New York. The Catskills and its many large resorts are well known in American culture as a vacation destination in the mid-twentieth century. See also “borscht belt.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4957.0,4983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSt. Louis is located in east-central Missouri near the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. Native Americans originally inhabited the area for generations before European settlers came. French fur traders founded the city in 1764 and named it for King Louis IX of France. By the 1800s, the city became a major port city on the Mississippi River. Today, the city is the second largest city in Missouri.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4957.0,4983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Missouri is a public land-grant research university in Columbia, Missouri. It is the largest university in Missouri and the flagship of the four-campus University of Missouri system. It was founded in 1839 as the first public university west of the Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4983.0,5013.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArnold Powell (1923-1980) was born in St. Louis Missouri. He was the son of Charles Powell and Bessie Powell Eplan. Arnie was president of Powell Metals \u0026amp; Chemicals, Inc. He dated Carolyn Eplan Goldsmith while they were in college and his mother later married her grandfather, Samuel Eplan. He and his wife Joan had two daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=4983.0,5013.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBessie Powell Eplan (1900-1997) was born in Russian and later immigrated to the United States. She was married to Charles Powell until his death in 1961. They had a son, Arnold and daughter, Sonya. She later married Samuel Eplan and moved to Atlanta, Georgia until his death in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5013.0,5043.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Five Points” refers to the downtown area of Atlanta, considered by many to be the center of town. It was the central hub of Atlanta until the 1960s, when the economic and demographic center shifted north toward the suburbs. It was recently revitalized, mostly due to Georgia State University having a large presence in the area. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5256.0,5271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStella Armstrong (1902-1976) was born in Kansas. She was a nurse. For a period of time, she worked for Samuel and Bess Eplan to help care for their children, Carolyn and Leon. She met the family when they were living in Jacksonville, Florida and moved to Atlanta to continue working for them. After she retired, she moved to Techwood Homes, where she lived until her death.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5283.0,5313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Berry Hartsfield, Sr. (1890-1971), served as the 49th and 51st Mayor of Atlanta. His tenure extended from 1937 to 1941 and again from 1942 to 1962, making him the longest-serving mayor of his native Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5555.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElliott Harris Levitas (1930-2022) is a Jewish American politician who was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He was a Rhodes scholar who received a bachelor’s degree from Emory University, law degree from Emory Law School, and masters of law degree from Oxford University. From 1955 to 1958, he served in United States Air Force. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives (1965-1975) and was a United States Congressman from Georgia's 4th district in the United States House of Representatives (1975-1985). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5685.0,5704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrunswick is a city on the southeast coast of Georgia. The city was settled in 1738 and founded in 1771. It is also known for its Old Town Historic District. During World War II, the city was an important port city and served as a strategic military location with a shipbuilding facility for the U.S. Maritime Commission. Today it is an urban and economic center in the lower southeast part of the state.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5685.0,5704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRonald David \"Ron\" Slotin (b. 1963) was a member of the Georgia State Senate from 1993 to 1996. He opted not to run for re-election in 1996 so that he could run in the Democratic primary for the United States House of Representatives seat for Georgia's 4th congressional district, in an unsuccessful challenge to United States Representative Cynthia McKinney. He ran in the 2017 special election to represent Georgia's 6th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives, but was unsuccessful. He was a publisher of Atlanta Jewish Life magazine.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5704.0,5734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCathey Weiss Steinberg (b. 1942) was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. She received her bachelor’s from Carnegie-Mellon Institute and a master’s in education from the University of Pittsburgh. She was a Democrat representative in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1977-1989 and the Georgia Senate from 1991-1993. She was the primary sponsor of the resolution to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment in 1981-1982. She later worked as a public policy consultant and advocate.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=5704.0,5734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJova/Daniels/Busby was founded in 1966 by Midtown Atlanta residents Stanley Daniels, Henri Jova, and John Busby. It was a multidisciplinary design firm known for fusing classical elements with modern designs. The firm was responsible for the development of Colony Square at Peachtree Street and 14th, which was the first mixed-used development in the Southeastern U.S. Jova also served as the lead designer for the Atlanta City Hall in 1991. The firm filed for bankruptcy in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6396.0,6426.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHenri Jova (1919-2014) was born in Newburgh, New York. He was an American architect and preservationist. He founded the multidisciplinary design firm Jova/Daniels/Busby with Stanley Daniels and John Busby. The firm was based in Atlanta, Georgia and designed several notable projects in Atlanta and throughout the Southeast from 1966 to 2013. He is noted for his pioneering support of mixed-use development and interest in the development of Midtown Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6396.0,6426.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Joseph Arnold (b.1931) is a Georgia native. He attended Hoke Smith High School and later attended the University of North Carolina, where he joined the ROTC. He served in the Korean War. After the war, he attended the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta, Georgia. After his internship, he returned to Atlanta to practice medicine. He reconnected with Phyllis Gershon, who he had taken to his senior prom. They married and had three children and also raised her two daughters from her first marriage. He and Phyllis are members of Ahavath Achim, and Joe has sung in the choir for 25 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6426.0,6446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhyllis Gershon Arnold (b. 1934) is the youngest child of Sam and Jeanette Gershon. She attended Grady High School and attended the University of Georgia. While at college, she married, had two daughters, and later divorced. She later reconnected with Dr. Joe Arnold, who she had attend his senior prom with. They married and had three children together. She has been active at Ahavath Achim synagogue and in her youth was active at the Jewish Alliance and Daughters of Zion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6426.0,6446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerbert Gershon (1928-2018) was an Atlanta native, and the son of Sam and Jeanette Gershon. He worked as a radio announce and at various radio stations around Atlanta. He also played trombone and was a proud member of Atlanta’s Jewish drum and bugle corps. He and his wife, Evelyn, married in 1954 and they had two sons and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6426.0,6446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel M. Inman Middle School began as an elementary school in 1924, named for Samuel Martin Inman (1843-1915), an Atlanta civic leader who was passionate about education and philanthropy. The school has been enlarged many times over the years, and in 1978, Inman was converted into a middle school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6545.0,6575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Avenue is a main thoroughfare that begins in downtown Atlanta and ending at its continuation as Piedmont Road. Piedmont Avenue passes through Midtown Atlanta where various historic properties are located.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6575.0,6605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTenth Street School was an Atlanta public elementary school located at 140 E. 10th Street. The school opened in 1904 and closed during the 1930s, replaced by the Clark Howell School. Mrs. Ellie Dunlap Newport (1875-1938) was its principal for 26 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6575.0,6605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Park is a 189-acre park located just north of downtown Atlanta. It was originally designed by Joseph Forsyth Johnson to host the first Piedmont Exhibition in 1887.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6605.0,6635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVirginia-Highland (often nicknamed \"VaHi\") is an affluent neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia, founded in the early 20th century as a streetcar suburb. It is named after the intersection of Virginia Avenue and North Highland Avenue, the heart of its trendy retail district at the center of the neighborhood. The neighborhood is famous for its bungalows and other historic houses from the 1910s to the 1930s. It has become a destination for people across Atlanta with its eclectic mix of restaurants, bars, and shops as well as for the Summerfest festival, annual Tour of Homes and other events.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6605.0,6635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Cotton States and International Exposition was the world’s fair held in Atlanta, Georgia in 1895. It was designed to help foster trade between Southern States and South American nations. Additionally, it helped to showed products and facilities of the region to the rest of the U.S. and Europe. The Exposition included six states and included various innovations on agriculture and technology. It also included exhibits about women and African Americans. President Grover Cleveland presided over the opening by flipping an electric switch from his house in Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6635.0,6665.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoxy Delicatessen was a Jewish delicatessen owned and operated by Jack Franco. It was located on Tenth Street near Peachtree. It was a popular restaurant for many in the community including author Margaret Mitchell and Georgia’s Governor. The deli closed in 1969 when the neighborhood began to decline.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6844.0,6868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlan Gottlieb (1928-2003) was a Savannah, Georgia native. He served in the U.S. Marine Corps. He later owned and operated the Original’s Gottlieb’s Delicatessen on Bull Street and 32nd Street. He was a member of Congregation B’nai B’rith Jacob synagogue, the Brotherhood, and Chevra Kadisha. He was married to Lucy Amato Gottlieb, and they had two sons and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6875.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLucy Amato Gottlieb (1929-2024) was a member of Congregation B'nai Brith Jacob in Savannah. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Nace and Regina Amato, Sephardic Jews from Rhodes who emigrated to the United States. She attended Girls' High and graduated from the University of Georgia. She was married to Alan Gottlieb, and they had three children. They owned a family business, Gottlieb's Delicatessen, and she also worked as a life insurance agent. She was an active member of the Chatham County Democratic Party, served as a Girl Scout Troup Leader, and held several leadership positions at Congregation B'nai Brith Jacob. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6875.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack David Franco (1904-1999) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States where he joined Congregation Or VeShalom. He owned multiple delicatessens in Atlanta, including Franco’s Delicatessen and Roxy’s Delicatessen. He was a member of B'nai B'rith and a supporter of Israel Bonds. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Isaac, Sam, Joe, Victor, Susie, and Sara. He married Catherine Benbenisty and together they had three children, Betty, Stella, and Jeanie. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6875.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames “Nace” Amato (1901-1988) was born in Rhodes, Italy and later immigrated to the United States. He was one of the owners’ of Roxy Delicatessen. He was married to Regina Hanan and they had two daughters, Lucy and Esther.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6875.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eS.H. Kress \u0026amp; Co. was one of the most popular “five and dime” retail department stores in the United States, which was established by Samuel Henry Kress and operated from 1896 to 1981. By the mid-1960s, the brand was bought out by Genesco, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6905.0,6935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eF. H. Woolworth Company was a retail company and one of the pioneers of the five-and-dime stores. It was started in 1879 by F. H. Woolworth in Utica, New York. The stores eventually could be found throughout the country and incorporated lunch counters. The Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina became the setting for the 1960 Greensboro sit-ins protesting the company’s racial segregation. The chain went out of business in 1997 after 145 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6965.0,6990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSinclair Sartorius Jacobs (1888-1977) was the son of Dr. Joseph Jacobs and Claire Sartorius Jacobs. He was a pharmacist in his father's chain, which was the first to sell Coca-Cola in 1886. After his father's death, he became the president of Jacobs' Pharmacy and expanded it to 21 stores throughout the South, later heralding the chain through its sale to Revco Drugs in 1942, after which he retired.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6994.0,7006.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacobs’ Pharmacy was a chain of drug stores founded by Joseph Jacobs. Jacobs was born in Jefferson, Georgia. He attended the University of Georgia in 1877 and received a degree from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy in 1879. In 1879 Jacobs opened the Athens Pharmaceutical Company in Athens, Georgia. In 1884, he bought a drug store in Downtown Atlanta on the southwest corner of Peachtree and Marietta Streets where, in 1886, Coca-Cola was served for the first time as a fountain drink. At its peak, the Jacobs’ chain was composed 21 stores throughout the South. It was bought by Revco drugs in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=6994.0,7006.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Tenth Street Theater was located at 900 Peachtree Street NE and opened on September 27, 1926. The exterior was in a faux Spanish style with red stucco and a tile edged roof. It closed around 1956 and was converted to a Chinese restaurant. The building was demolished by the early 1980’s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7054.0,7084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Allen (1913-2005) was a prominent United Methodist minister that served as pastor for Grace Methodist Church in Atlanta from 1948-1960. He was well-known for his columns in the Atlanta Journal and Constitution and later the Houston Chronicle. He founded Pulpit Preaching, a homiletical journal in 1947. In 1972, it merged with Pulpit Digest to form the The New Pulpit Digest, later called the Pulpit Digest. While in Atlanta, he started a radio broadcast of Grace’s service, and starting in 1951, the services were televised. Parkway Drive in Atlanta was later renamed Charles Allen Drive in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7144.0,7174.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe King Center was established in 1968 by Mrs. Coretta Scott King. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change has become an global destination, resource center and community institution for over 50 years. The center does education, training and also includes a museum space that honors Dr. and Mrs. King, Mahatma Gandhi and Rosa Parks.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7413.0,7430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLive Oak, Florida is a city and the county seat of Suwannee County, Florida. It is located midpoint between Tallahassee and Jacksonville. The city was incorporated in 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7564.0,7565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTechwood Homes was an early public housing project in Atlanta, Georgia. It was built in 1935 and was a whites-only community. It replaced the integrated low-income area of Tanyard Bottom or Tech Flats. By the 1970s the area was better more as an area of urban blight. Most of Techwood Homes was demolished in 1996 before Atlanta hosted the Summer Olympics. The area, along with neighboring Clark Howell Homes is now a mixed-use area called Centennial Place.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7594.0,7609.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames “Jimmy” Southard, Sr. (1928-2015) attended Decatur Boys High School. He was the quarterback for Georgia Tech from 1946-1949. He started in 31 games and won 24 of those games. He was inducted in the Georgia Tech Sports Hall of Fame in 1994. He served in the Army at Fort McClelland in Anniston, Alabama. Jimmy eventually went into the family business S.B.S Associates. He and his wife, Bettilu Kirby Croft had three sons and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7737.0,7742.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSouthern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company was once the Bell Operating Company serving the states of Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, and South Carolina prior to the breakup of AT\u0026amp;T. The company was originally known as the Atlanta Telephonic Exchange, having been created to service citizens of Atlanta in 1879, before it was renamed in 1882. Southern Bell was renamed BellSouth Telecommunications until it was merged into AT\u0026amp;T in 2006. Southern Bell was headquartered in what is now the AT\u0026amp;T Midtown Center building (formerly known as BellSouth Center and Southern Bell Center) in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7746.0,7776.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Cunningham (1928-2021) was an Atlanta native. He graduated from Boys’ High School and Emory Medical School. He practiced internal medicine and was medical director for 10 years at Highview and Happey Haven Nursing Home. He later became Corporate Medical Director and, later, Consultant for Southern Bell/Bell South. He was also active in his church and the community including being a torch bearer for the Atlanta Olympics. He and his wife, Verdery had two sons and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7746.0,7776.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Daniel O’Keefe Junior High School opened in 1923. It was named after Daniel O’Keefe, the father of the Atlanta Public School system. It closed in 1973 and it was purchased in 1979 by Georgia Tech to use as additional student housing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7776.0,7806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in Atlanta in 1953, the Katherine and Jacob Greenfield Hebrew Academy (GHA), originally known as The Hebrew Academy, was the first Jewish day school in the country to be accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. In 2014, GHA (grades pre-K through 8) merged with Yeshiva Atlanta high school to become what is now Atlanta Jewish Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7776.0,7806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Hiles, Sr. (1928-1999) was an Atlanta native. He graduated from Boys’ High and Georgia Tech. He was a member of the Georgia Institute of Technology Athletic Hall of Fame for swimming. He served in the U.S. Navy and later operated a specialty advertising business. He and his wife, Lulu Camp had three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7867.0,7887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph B. Whitehead Boys and Girls Club in Atlanta, Georgia originated as a summer recreational program in the South Bend Park neighborhood in 1944. In 1948, it became a branch of the Atlanta Boys Club and was renamed the Joseph B. Whitehead Boys Club in recognition of a gift by the Foundation and in memory of the son of Joseph Whitehead and Lettie Pate Whitehead Evans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=7957.0,7987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdgar “Eddie” Goldstein (1927-1989) was born in Gainesville, Georgia, but later moved to Atlanta. He was the secretary/treasurer of the Fulton Group. He was a member of Ahavath Achim Synagogue. He and his wife, Naomi Piha Goldstein had one son and four daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8167.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJudge Joel J. Fryer (1928-2006) was the first Jewish judge to reach the trial court level in the state of Georgia, appointed by then-governor, Jimmy Carter, in 1971. Fryer attended the University of Georgia and Georgia's Law School. He served in the U.S. Army as Chief Legal Officer at the Tokyo Army Hospital. Fryer eventually started his own firm, Fryer and Harp. Fryer and Harp merged with the law firm Arnall, Golden and Gregory, which was then led by former Governor Ellis Arnall. Fryer served as judge to the Superior Court of Fulton County until his death. He served on the Board of Trustees at Ahavath Achim synagogue, the Board of Directors of the Anti-Defamation League of the B'nai Brith Organization, and the Atlanta Jewish Community Center. He married Jane Elkins and they had four children. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8167.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarbara “Babs” Claire Hillman Levitas (b. 1934) is a native of Atlanta, Georgia. She is the wife of Elliott Harris Levitas, a United States Congressman. She was a teacher who graduated from the University of Michigan, and was a volunteer for the League of Women Voters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8167.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMilton Saul (b. 1925) is a member of Ahavath Achim Synagogue and businessman from Atlanta, Georgia. His father fled Lithuania and settled in Atlanta, where he began Saul’s Department Store in Marietta. During World War II, Saul served in the U.S. Navy. Following the war, he helped with his family’s business and later went into business importing goods. Saul married Virginia Diamond, and they had three children. The Saul family has been active in Ahavath Achim Synagogue, Atlanta Jewish Community Center, Atlanta Jewish Federation, B’nai B’rith Women, and Hillel. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8197.0,8227.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVirginia Diamond Saul (b. 1928) was an Atlanta native and the oldest child of Benjamin and Theresa Stern Diamond. She attended Girls’ High School and the University of Georgia. She is a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue and involved in Girl Scouts, Sisterhood, Federation and Hadassah. She married Milton Saul in 1950 and they have two daughters and a son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8197.0,8227.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMidtown High School, formerly Henry W. Grady High School, is a public high school located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It began as Boys High School and was one of the first two high schools established by Atlanta Public Schools in 1872. In 1947, the school was named after Henry W. Grady, a famous journalist and orator in the Reconstruction Era, but controversially, a white supremacist. In December 2020, the school's name was changed to Midtown High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8227.0,8241.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8411.0,8414.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack Lincoln (1924-2013) was a native of Atlanta. He attended Boys’ High School and graduated from Georgia Tech. He was a production manager and later owner of D’Lang Fashions. In the 1960s, he earned a law degree from John Marshall Law School. He then worked as a lawyer and mediator for the Justice Department and the Post Office. He was a member of Ahavath Achim Synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8438.0,8468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRita Lee Lincoln Joel (1931-2019) was a native of Atlanta and daughter of Samuel and Ida Lincoln. She attended Girls High School, the University of Alabama, and the University of Georgia. Rita was a sweetheart of the AEPi fraternity at UGA. She met her husband, Robert while at UGA, and they had three sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8468.0,8498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClark Howell (1863-1936) was president and editor of the Atlanta Constitution and a director of the Associated Press. He served a 1-year term as a Fulton County Board Commissioner, member of Georgia House of Representatives (1886-1892) and Georgia State Senator (1900 -1904). Ancestors of Clark Howell were his father Evan Park Howell (1839-1905) and grandfather Judge Clark Howell (1811-1882).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8527.0,8557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClark Howell (1863-1936) was president and editor of the Atlanta Constitution and a director of the Associated Press. He served a 1-year term as a Fulton County Board Commissioner, member of Georgia House of Representatives (1886-1892) and Georgia State Senator (1900 -1904). Ancestors of Clark Howell were his father Evan Park Howell (1839-1905) and grandfather Judge Clark Howell (1811-1882).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8587.0,8617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Maurice Schwartz (1914-1987) was born in London, England and was the son of Rabbi Martin (Mordecai) and Gisella Schwartz. He attended Hebrew Theological College of Chicago, Crance College, University of Georgia, and Emory University. He was ordained a rabbi in 1938. During the early 1940’s, he was on the faculty of the United Hebrew School and served as assistant rabbi and director of activities at Ahavath Achim synagogue. He later served synagogues in North Carolina, Virginia, Floridia, Utah, Minnesota, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and California. He married Beatrice Pakula in 1943 and they had two sons and two daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8677.0,8707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrady Memorial Hospital is the largest hospital in Georgia, and the fifth-largest public hospital in the United States. It is considered one of premier public hospitals in the Southeast. The 961-bed hospital was founded in 1890.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8707.0,8737.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorningside/Lenox Park is a neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia founded in 1923. It is located north of Virginia-Highland, east of Ansley Park and west of Druid Hills. Approximately 3,500 households comprise the neighborhood that includes the original subdivisions of Morningside, Lenox Park, University Park, Noble Park, Johnson Estates and Hylan Park. After World War II, residents of heavily Jewish Washington-Rawson and Summerhill neighborhoods south of the State Capitol relocated to northeast Atlanta including Morningside when those old Jewish neighborhoods were demolished to make way for the Downtown Connector freeway and Turner Field.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8737.0,8767.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorningside/Lenox Park is a neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia founded in 1923. It is located north of Virginia-Highland, east of Ansley Park and west of Druid Hills. Approximately 3,500 households comprise the neighborhood that includes the original subdivisions of Morningside, Lenox Park, University Park, Noble Park, Johnson Estates and Hylan Park. After World War II, residents of heavily Jewish Washington-Rawson and Summerhill neighborhoods south of the State Capitol relocated to northeast Atlanta including Morningside when those old Jewish neighborhoods were demolished to make way for the Downtown Connector freeway and Turner Field.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8857.0,8887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Paramount Theater, located on Peachtree Street in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, opened in 1920 as the Howard Theater. In 1929, the name changed to the Paramount Theater. The building was demolished in 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8916.0,8946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLoew's Grand Theater, originally DeGive's Grand Opera House, was a movie theater at the corner of Peachtree and Forsyth Streets in downtown Atlanta. It was most famous as the site of the 1939 premiere of Gone with the Wind. The Georgia-Pacific Tower was built on the former site of the theater.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8916.0,8946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGone With the Wind is a film based on the book of the same name by Margaret Mitchell in 1926. The film was made in 1939 and is an epic historical romance produced by David O. Selznick. It tells the story of Scarlett O’Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to Melanie, to her marriage to Charles Hamilton who died in a training camp, and then to Rhett Butler. It is set against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era. The leading roles were portrayed by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8916.0,8946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePearl Harbor is located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands in a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. It was bombed by Japanese Navy Air forces on December 7, 1941, the action that directly prompted the United States' entry into World War II. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=8946.0,8972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAugusta, Georgia is located on the South Carolina border and sits on the Savannah River across from North Augusta, South Carolina. The city was founded in 1736 and named for Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, the wife of Frederick, Prince of Wales. Today the city is known for hosting The Masters golf tournament every spring at Augusta National Golf Club.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9036.0,9066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDaniel Nerenbaum (1928-1993) was an Atlanta native. He owned and operated two shoe stores with his brothers. He was married to Marilyn Weintraub and they had two sons and a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9066.0,9096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHazel Berman Karp (1929-2023) was an Atlanta native who grew up in the Virginia-Highlands neighborhood. She graduated from Girls’ High and Agnes Scott College. She later earned her master’s in library science from Emory University and worked as the head librarian at Greenfield Hebrew Academy. She was active at Ahavath Achim synagogue and Hadassah. She was married to Dr. Hebert Karp and they had two daughters and a son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9066.0,9096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Rubin Karp (1922-2016), a native of Atlanta, was a prominent neurologist and chair of Emory University's Department of Neurology. In 1983, Dr. Karp became the inaugural medical director at the Wesley Woods Center, the nation's first geriatric hospital. He was president of the Ahavath Achim Synagogue where, for over three decades, he sounded the shofar during the High Holy Days services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9066.0,9096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Travis (1900-1985) was born in Russia and later immigrated to the United States. He worked as a traveling salesman. He and his wife, Bertha were members of Ahavath Achim synagogue. They had one daughter, Sally.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9099.0,9126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSally Travis Felt (1928-2023) was born in Brooklyn, New York, but grew up in Atlanta. She graduated from Vanderbilt University. She met her second husband Bill Felt at Vanderbilt. She was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue, Hadassah and later a member of Temple Israel in Memphis. She had three children, a son and two daughters with her first husband, Carl Zwerner.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9099.0,9126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBertha “Bert” Edison Travis (1902-1978) was an active member of Hadassah. She was involved with Hadassah for over 40 years and won the Myrtle Wreath Awards, which was the highest award given by Atlanta Hadassah. She was born in Russia and immigrated to Atlanta. She was active with Ahavath Achim Synagogue and its Sisterhood, National Council of Jewish Women, and Brandeis University National Women's Committee. She was married to Robert Travis, and they had a daughter. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9099.0,9126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaurice Spector (1924-2000) owned M. S. Lumber Company in Atlanta. He was involved in various organizations and Jewish organizations including the Jewish Welfare Fund, Mason, and Scottish Rite. He was married to Frieda “Fritzie” and they had three daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9156.0,9176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack Hirsch (1926-2013) was an Atlanta native and son of Sadye and Isaac Hirsch. He graduated from Boys’ High School. He joined the Army and trained as an engineer at North Georgia College and New York University. Jack later worked for Ellmans as a Senior Vice President. He was active in various community organizations. He and his wife Esta Jean had two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9186.0,9216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlan Salzman (1928-1989) was born in New York but grew up in Atlanta. He attended Georgia Tech and worked an architect. He was the founder of the architect firm, Martin Riley Associates. He and his wife, Linda Macklem had a daughter and a son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9186.0,9216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartha Copeloff Shmerling (1929-1978) was an Atlanta native and daughter of Dr. Mose and Sylvia Brandes Copeloff. She was past president of Ruth Mitchell Dance Company and R. L. Hope Elementary. She was married to Dr. Sanford Shmerling and one daughter, Cathy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9216.0,9246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Moses B. “Mose” Copeloff (1893-1963) was an Atlanta native. He was a physician in Atlanta for 45 years. He served as the medical director at the Atlanta Jewish Home, a physician at the Confederate Memorial Home and the Georgia Training School for Girls. He also was a member of Governor Ernest Vandiver’s medical staff, the Fulton County Medical Society, and American Medical Association. He belonged to Ahavath Achim Synagogue, the Fulton Masonic Lodge, and the Shrine. He and his wife Amelia Harris Copeloff had two daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9216.0,9246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Sanford Shmerling (1928-2013) was a Georgia native. He graduated from Boys’ High School and Emory Medical School. He was the medical director of the William Breman Jewish Home. He was a veteran of the Korean War. He was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue. His first wife was Martha Copeloff, who passed away in 1978. They had one daughter. His second wife, Beverly Bernstein proceeded him in death and they had two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9216.0,9246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA level of the Boy Scouts, a youth organization in the United States. It was founded in 1910 to train youth in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance through participation in a wide range of outdoor activities, educational programs and at older age levels, career-oriented programs in partnership with community organizations. They wear a uniform and earn merit badges for achievements in sports, crafts, science, etc. The boys start as a Cub Scout until age 11 and can move up to be an Eagle Scout. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9542.0,9547.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorge M. Goldman (1929-2008) was a realtor who was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He began his career as a buyer for Davison’s Department Store and in 1988 established the George M. Goldman Real Estate firm. He was a graduate of Emory University and served in the United States Air Force. He was a scoutmaster for Boy Scouts of America, receiving the Silver Beaver Award for his service to the organization. As a well-known storyteller, he was a founding member of the storytelling organization, “The Featured Listeners.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9577.0,9607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Zimmerman (1905-1973) was the founder and president of Joseph’s Ready to Wear Shop. He was a member of the Standard Club and former president of the Progressive Club. He was married to Rosalie Silverman Zimmerman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9638.0,9667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIda Goldstein Levitas (1897-1987) was born in in the town of Zabludow (near Bialystok), Poland and grew up in Atlanta, Georgia. During the First World War and before marrying her husband Louis J. Levitas, she was a social worker for the Jewish Educational Alliance in Atlanta. Her son Elliott Levitas was a United States Congressman from 1975 to 1985 and her son Ted Levitas was a prominent pediatric dentist.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9697.0,9713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAir Force Plant 6, formerly known as the Bell Bomber Plant, is an aerospace facility in Marietta, Georgia, owned by the United States Air Force. Bell Aircraft Corporation began manufacturing operations in 1943, to furnish the needs of the U.S. Air Force during World War II. Today, the site is used for airplane manufacturing by Lockheed Martin Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9787.0,9817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel Berman (1898-1966) was born in Poland but immigrated to the United States and settled in Atlanta. He operated a restaurant and was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue. Samuel and his wife, Zelda Jacobson Berman had two children, Dr. Jerome Berman and Hazel Berman Karp.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9817.0,9847.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Lockheed Martin Corporation is an American aerospace, arms, defense, information security, and technology corporation. It was formed by the merger of Lockheed Corporation with Martin Marietta in March 1995. It is headquartered in North Bethesda, Maryland, in the Washington, D.C. area. As of January 2022, Lockheed Martin employs approximately 115,000 employees worldwide, including about 60,000 engineers and scientists. Lockheed Martin is one of the largest companies in the aerospace, military support, security, and technologies industry. Half of the corporation's annual sales are to the U.S. Department of Defense. Lockheed Martin is also a contractor for the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9817.0,9847.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Gerald Caplan (b. 1930) grew up in Atlanta and was active in AZA. Caplan graduated from Boys’ High School and Emory University. In 1954, he graduated from Augusta University Medical College. He became a radiologist with a practice in Savannah, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=9942.0,9967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith Girls or BBG is the female order of the B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (BBYO), a youth movement that grew out of B’nai B’rith International, a Jewish service organization. BBG was founded in 1944 for teenage Jewish girls. Chapters of girls soon sprung up throughout the United States and Canada. Today, it is an international sorority. The male brother order is the Aleph Zadik Aleph (AZA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10115.0,10145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOmaha, Nebraska is located in the Midwest United States. It sits on the Missouri River close to the Iowa border. The city was once home to various Native American tribes and in 1854 the Omaha Tribe ceded the lands that included the Omaha area. The city is home to four Fortune 500 companies including Berkshire Hathaway, Kiewit Corporation, Mutual of Omaha, and Union Pacific Corporation. It is well known for the Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium and the annual College World Series.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10149.0,10156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSam Beber (1901-1976) was born in Russia and later immigrated to the United States and settled in Omaha, Nebraska. He attended Creighton University Law School and worked as an attorney and developer. In 1924, he founded Aleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) which quickly became the largest Jewish youth organization in the world. He also was a founder of Omaha’s Beth El Synagogue. Sam was also involved in rescuing Jews fleeing Nazi Europe during World War II and other civic organizations. He was married to Helen Riekes and they had a son and two daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10149.0,10156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouis J. Levitas (1885-1968) was born in Riga, Latvia, spent his youth in Dublin, Ireland, and moved to Atlanta in 1912. In the early years of the Jewish Educational Alliance he was in the center of youth activities. He organized a Sunday School for the religious education of children and became its superintendent. He was also active in the United Hebrew School. He was a member of the Fulton Masonic Lodge, the Ahavath Achim Synagogue, the Atlanta Hibernian Society, the Progressive Club and member of the board of Jewish Children Service for more than 30 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10160.0,10176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTheodore \"Ted\" Golden Frankel, an Atlanta native and attorney (1931-2023), was a founding member and a president of Temple Sinai in Sandy Springs, Georgia. He attended Boys’ High School and Hoke Smith High School. He was a graduate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Emory University's School of Law. Ted was the longest serving member of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Democratic Party. He and his wife, Sidelle had two sons, Kenneth, Craig, and Jodie.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10206.0,10236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEvelyn Elkon (abt. 1926-unknown) was an Atlanta native and daughter of Sam and Mariam Elkon. She attended Girls’ High School. Her family moved to Palestine in the late 1940’s, which later became Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10305.0,10309.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Golan Heights is a rocky plateau in the mountains that overlooks southern Syria. It was captured by Israel in the 1967 Six­-Day War and they retain it as a national security buffer zone.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10326.0,10356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA kibbutz [Hebrew: gathering, clustering] is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economic branches, including industrial plants and high-tech enterprises. Kibbutzim began as utopian communities, a combination of socialism and Zionism. In recent decades, some kibbutzim have been privatized and changes have been made in the communal lifestyle. A member of a kibbutz is called a \"kibbutznik.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10326.0,10356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeon may be referring to Ina Minsk, because no Ina Mascot could be found. Ina Minsk (1904-1975) was the daughter of Isaac and Bertha Minsk. She worked for the U.S. Government. She never married and had two brothers, Sol Romm, Mendel Romm, and three sisters, Ann Levy, Lena Room and Mrs. Samuel Unger.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10394.0,10416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTampa is a city in Florida, Hillsborough County. It is the third most populous city in the state. The city was founded as a military center during the 19th century when Fort Brooke was established. It is located on the Gulf Coast and the bay’s port is the largest in the state, making it an important economic asset. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10475.0,10505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharleston, South Carolina is a port city that was founded in 1670 and is now the largest city in South Carolina. It was originally known as Charles Town and sits at an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the Ashley, Cooper and Wando rivers. The city was a major slave trading port in the 18th century. The American Civil War started in Charleston Harbor with the Confederate army firing on the Union’s Fort Sumter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10475.0,10505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrandeis Camp Institute or BCI was founded in 1941 by Shlomo Bardin and originally was inspired by the ideals of the early Zionist movement. The camp is for Jewish college age students and is located in Southern California. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10625.0,10638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles, California is located southern California. It’s the state’s largest city and the second largest city in the United States. It has long been known as the center of the United States film and television industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10625.0,10638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrandeis-Bardin Institute is a Jewish retreat center located since 1947 in the northeastern Simi Hills, in the city of Simi Valley, California. It is now known as the Brandeis-Bardin Campus of American Jewish University. It used for nondenominational summer programs for children, teens, and young adults.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10641.0,10643.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShlomo Bardin (1898-1976) was born Shlomo Bardinstein in Zhitomir, Ukraine and immigrated to Palestine in 1918. He studied at the University of Berlin, the University College of London and Columbia University. In 1943, he became a naturalized as an American citizen. He was an educator and founder of Brandeis Camp Institute, the Brandeis Youth Foundation, and Camp Alomin.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10643.0,10648.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMadalyne Buchman Eplan (1935-2021) was born in Mobile, Alabama to Max and Freida Buchman. She graduated from the University of Texas with a teaching degree. She later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. She taught kindergarten for most of her teaching career. After she retired, she and two friends started Bed \u0026amp; Breakfast Atlanta. She met her husband, Leon Eplan after she moved to Atlanta. They had three children, Elise, Jana, and Harlan and six grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10660.0,10686.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePoconos: The Pocono Mountains or the Poconos is a region in Northeastern Pennsylvania of forests, lakes, peaks, and valleys. The mountains are surrounded by the Delaware River, Lake Wallenpaupack, Wyoming Valley and Lehigh Valley. The name comes from the Munsee, Indigenous American, word Pokawachne, meaning ‘Stream/creek between two hills’. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10660.0,10686.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSanta Ana is located in Orange County, California. It is considered part of the Greater Los Angeles region. The community is a major regional economic and cultural hub for Orange Coast. It was founded in 1869 and incorporated in June 1886.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=10747.0,10769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Tennessee is a public land-grant research university in Knoxville, Tennessee. It was founded in 1794, two years before Tennessee became a state. It is the flagship campus of the University of Tennessee system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11319.0,11322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKnoxville is located in eastern Tennessee and sits on the Tennessee River. It is the third largest city in the state and is home of the flagship campus of the University of Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11322.0,11325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBlue Star Camps is a Jewish summer camp for children ages 6-16 located in Hendersonville, North Carolina. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11325.0,11349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAsheville, North Carolina is a city located on the junction of the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers in Buncombe County, North Carolina. It is the largest city in Western North Carolina. Before the arrival of Europeans, where Asheville exists was part of the Cherokee Nation. Colonization of the area began in 1784, Buncombe County was formed in 1792, and the county seat was named Morristown. In 1797, Morristown was incorporated and renamed Asheville after North Carolina Governor Samuel Ashe. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11349.0,11379.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDouglas Rumble Jr. (1912-1982) was born in Atlanta, Georgia and the son of Douglas Rumble Sr. and Exa Woodruff Rumble. He graduated from Emory University and Columbia University. He taught at Boys’ and Grady High School and was the principal at Dykes High School in Atlanta. He was the choir director of Covenant Presbyterian Church, Atlanta and a member of Clayton, First United Methodist Church. He married Johnnie May York in 1937, and they had two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11409.0,11439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the support of the United Nations, principally from the United States). The war began on June 25, 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the south. The war ended unofficially on July 27, 1953 in an armistice.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11679.0,11709.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Allen Albert, Jr. (1902-1972) was born in Washington, D.C. He was an ordained Episcopal priest and was a professor of Sociology and anthropology at Emory University. He also served as chair of the Atlanta-Fulton County Planning Commission. He and his wife, Emily Bartlett Davis and they had one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11799.0,11829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsaac “Ike” Saporta (1910-1998) was born in Volos, Greece and immigrated to the United States after World War II. In March 1944, he was captured by the Germans and later escaped and joined the Greek Resistance. He was an architect and was known as “Mr. Piedmont Park” for has outspoken activism. He was a professor of architecture at Georgia Tech and worked for over 30 years to protect Piedmont Park from overdevelopment. He and his wife, Nora had two daughters Elena and Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11889.0,11919.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaria Saporta (b. 1955) is an Atlanta native and is the daughter of Isaac and Nora Saporta. She earned a bachelor’s degree in journalism from Boston University and a master’s degree in urban studies from Georgia State University. She is a journalist and has worked for Atlanta Journal-Constitution. She also founded The Saporta Report which highlights highlight’s preservation, local businesses and civic issues in the Atlanta metro area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11919.0,11948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. William Cole (1904-1979) was a professor at the University of Tennessee. He joined the faculty in 1930 in the Department of Education and in 1933 moved to the Department of Sociology. He was the department head from 1936-1965. Dr. Cole served as the president of the Southern Sociology Society and Tennessee Conference of Social Work. He was also a Fellow of the American Sociological Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=11952.0,11979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChapel Hill is a city in North Carolina. The city was founded in 1793. It is located in the Research Triangle, or simply the Triangle, which are common nicknames for a metropolitan area in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. The area is anchored by three major research universities: Duke, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University. The universities are in the three cities of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, which, if connected by an imaginary line on a map would form a Triangle. The area is also a hub for technology and biotech companies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12069.0,12077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRaleigh is capital city of North Carolina. It is located in the Research Triangle, or simply the Triangle, which are common nicknames for a metropolitan area in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. The area is anchored by three major research universities: Duke, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University. The universities are in the three cities of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, which, if connected by an imaginary line on a map would form a Triangle. The area is also a hub for technology and biotech companies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12099.0,12129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Edward Zwig (1932-2012) was born in Detroit, Michigan. He attended Emory University and was a member of Alpha Epsilon Pi Fraternity. In 1956, he graduated from Emory Dental School and then entered the U.S. Naval Dental Corp. He later attended graduate school at New York University to specialized in periodontics. After returning to Atlanta in 1964, he practiced periodontics and was active at The Temple and other Jewish and community organizations. He married Jane Margoles in 1957 and they had two daughters and a son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12407.0,12408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClyde Rodbell (1927-2015) was an Atlanta native. He attended Boys’ High School and Emory, where he earned a degree in Business Administration. He and his brother, Leonard operated the family business, Apex Supply Company, until it was sold to Home Depot in 2000. Clyde was active in various community and Jewish organizations. He also created the Clyde Rodbell Family Philanthropic Foundation. He was active in the Georgia Republican party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12427.0,12453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) is a public research university in London, England. It is a member institution of the University of London. It was founded in 1895 by the Fabian Society Members. Until 2008, LSE awarded degrees under the University of London. In 2022, it became a university in its own right with the University of London.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12548.0,12564.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe G.I. Bill (Servicemen's Readjustment Act), was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. It provided veterans of World War II funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing. The original G.I. Bill expired in 1956. The bill was racially discriminatory, as it was intended to accommodate Jim Crow laws. Due to it’s discriminatory nature, it failed to help African American veterans of World War II in the same way it benefited white veterans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12578.0,12608.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Maryland is a public land-grant research university located in College Park, Maryland. It was founded in 1856 and is now the flagship university in the University of Maryland system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12626.0,12638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdinburgh is the capital city of Scotland. It’s located in south-east Scotland and dates back to the 12th century. It officially became a city in 1633 and today is the second-most populous city in Scotland. It is the seat of the Scottish Government, Scottish Parliament, the highest courts in Scotland, and the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12638.0,12668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGlasgow is the most populous city in Scotland. The city grew from a small rural settlement close to Glasgow Cathedral and descending to the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland. The University of Glasgow was founded in the city during the 15th century and is the fourth oldest university in the English-speaking world. During the Victorian and Edwardian eras, the city become known as the “Second City of the British Empire” due in part to its industry and shipbuilding.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12638.0,12668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePrestwick is a town located on the west coast of Ayrshire in Scotland. It is about 30 miles southwest of Glasgow. Glasgow Prestwick Airport is located on the town’s outskirts. The city was the first home of the Open Golf Championship, which was played at the Prestwick Old Course from 1860-1872.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12638.0,12668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Conference of London occurred between February and April 1920 after World War I. The leaders of Britain, France, and Italy met to discuss the partition of the Ottoman Empire and the negotiation of the agreement that would become the Treaty of Sèvres.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12698.0,12703.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVienna is the capital city of Austria and sits on the Danube River. The city has been called the “City of Music” because of its musical legacy with many famous classical musicians including Beethoven, Brahms, Haydn, Mozart, and Schubert living and working in the city. The city has a rich architectural history with Baroque palaces and gardens.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12698.0,12703.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZagreb is the capital and largest city in Croatia. It is located in northern Croatia and near the international border between Croatia and Slovenia. The city dates back to the Roman times. The city is the seat of the central government, and home to the country’s largest companies, media, and scientific institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12728.0,12758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSkopje is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. The city is an important transportation, industrial, commercial, and administrative center. The city was incorporated into Serbia by a treaty in 1913. After World War I, it became part of Yugoslavia. In 1991, it became the capital of the newly independent Republic of Macedonia but changed its name to the Republic of North Macedonia in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12728.0,12758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAthens is the capital and largest city in Greece. It is the heart of Ancient Greece and includes numerous 5th-century BCE landmarks including the Acropolis and the Parthenon temple. The city is one of the world’s oldest and has recorded history spanning over 3,400 years. Today it is one of the biggest economic centers in Southeastern Europe and is the 2nd busiest passenger port in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12728.0,12758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIstanbul is the largest city in Turkey. It straddles Europe and Asis across the Bosporus Strait. It is considered the country’s economic, cultural and historic capital. The city was founded in the 7th century BCE as Byzantium by Greek settlers. In 300 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital. It was renamed New Rome and later Constantinople. In 1930, the city’s name was officially changed to Istanbul. The historic center of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12728.0,12758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJerusalem is located in western Asia and is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is considered to be a holy city for the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Both Israel and Palestine claim Jerusalem as their capital. The status of the city remains one of the core issues in the on-going Israeli-Palestinian conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12758.0,12788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHaifa is the third-largest city in Israel. It is home to the Baháʼí Faith's Baháʼí World Centre and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a destination for Baháʼí pilgrimage. Over the millennia, the Haifa area has been conquered and ruled by the Canaanites, Israelites, Phoenicians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Hasmoneans, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Crusaders, Ottomans, and the British. During the Battle of Haifa in the 1948 Palestine war, most of the city's predominantly Arab population fled or were expelled. That year, the city became part of the then-newly-established state of Israel. The city is a major seaport located on Israel's Mediterranean coastline in the Bay of Haifa. It is also home to two academic institutions, the University of Haifa and the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology the oldest and top-ranked university in both Israel and the Middle East. Haifa Bay is a center of heavy industry, petroleum refining, and chemical processing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12758.0,12788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe second Arab-Israeli war, also known as the Suez War, broke out on October 29, 1956 when Israel invaded Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula. In 1956, the President of Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser, nationalized the Suez Canal, a vital waterway connecting Europe and Asia that was largely owned by French and British concerns. France and Britain responded by striking a deal with Israel—whose ships were barred from using the canal and whose southern port of Elat had been blockaded by Egypt—wherein Israel would invade Egypt; France and Britain would then intervene, ostensibly as peacemakers, and take control of the canal. In five days the Israeli army captured Gaza, Rafaḥ, and Al-ʿArīsh—taking thousands of prisoners—and occupied most of the peninsula east of the Suez Canal. In December, after the joint Anglo-French intervention, a UN Emergency Force was stationed in the area, and Israeli forces withdrew in March 1957. Egypt dropped the blockade of Elat. A UN buffer force was placed in the Sinai Peninsula.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12788.0,12818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century. Although the terms “Yiddish” and “Yid” are sometimes used to refer to Jews, Yiddish is a reference to a person's language and not necessarily their ethnicity, religion, or culture. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12788.0,12818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNaples is the third largest city in Italy and is located in Southern Italy. It was founded by the Greeks in the first millennium BCE and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. The city is the birthplace of pizza.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12848.0,12878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRome is the capital city of Italy and the Lazio region. It is the most populous municipality in Italy and the third most populous city in the European Union. It is located in the central-western part of the Italian Peninsula, along the shores of the Tiber River. Vatican City is an independent country inside the city of Rome, the center of the Catholic Church. Rome is one the oldest continuously occupied cities in Europe, Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome around 753 BC. However, the area has been inhabited even longer, almost three millennia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12848.0,12878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJerry Cooper (b. 1930) is an architect and member of the Atlanta Jewish community. He studied architecture at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) beginning in 1948 and joined the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC). He graduated at the top of his class and received the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Student Medal for Excellence in Architecture. Following his graduation from Georgia Tech, he went into the Navy as an officer. Jerry married his wife Jean on December 29, 1957, in Kinston, North Carolina. They have three children together, David, Sandy, and Beth, and four grandchildren. He worked as the lead designer for Atlanta firm Heery \u0026amp; Heery before starting his own firm, Cooper Carry in 1960 with partner Walter Carry. His architecture firm, Cooper Carry, has achieved levels of national prominence under his leadership. Jerry has been honored with the Bernard B. Rothschild Award, the highest award granted by AIA Georgia, as well as the Ivan Allen Award for Community Service.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12848.0,12878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRye is a coastal city in Westchester County, New York. It is located within the New York City metropolitan area. The city is home to two National Historic Landmarks: the Boston Post Historic District and the Jay Estate which is the childhood home and final resting place of John Jay, a Founding Father and first Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12878.0,12908.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip G. Hammer (1914-2000) was an urban economist and city planner. He moved to Atlanta in 1947 and was active in the movement to end segregation. He worked as chairman of the National Capital Planning Commission under Presidents Johnson and Nixon.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12908.0,12938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEric W. Hill (1918-1997) was a graduate of the first master’s degree program in city planning from the University of North Carolina. In 1963, he, Leon Eplan and two others founded Eric Hill \u0026amp; Associates, a consulting firm focused on city planning and urban renewal. The firm grew to the largest planning firm in the South and became a leader in directing cities how to deal with slums and blight. He was married to Dorothy Anderson Hill and they two daughters and four sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=12998.0,13018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRebecca Sawilosky Frankel (1901-1986) a Georgia native and was the wife of Joseph Frankel. They married in 1926 and had two children, Ted and Marcia. She worked in the clothing stored owned by her husband. She was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13028.0,13058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Texas is a public research university located in Austin, Texas. It was founded in 1883. It is the flagship institution of the University of Texas system. In 1967, the Texas legislature changed the university’s name to “The University of Texas at Austin.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13058.0,13088.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Frankel (1895-1959) was a native of Atlanta. He owed a clothing store in the former Kimball House for 30 years. He was a member of Ahavath Achim synagogue. He married Rebecca Sawilosky in 1926 and they had two children, Ted and Marcia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13088.0,13118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCraig Frankel (b. 1963) is an Atlanta native and son of Ted and Sidelle Frankel. He attended Ridgeview High School. He graduated from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and University of Georgia law school. He is a founding partner of the law firm, Gaslowitz Frankel, LLC. He is active with various civic organizations including the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and has served as the chair of the Breman Museum of Jewish Heritage. He is married to Jana Eplan and they have three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13118.0,13148.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDallas is the third-largest city in Texas and the fourth-largest metropolitan area of the United States. It is located in north Texas and is near Fort Worth, Texas. The city initially developed due to the railroad lines that allowed access to cotton, cattle, and oil in north and east Texas. Dallas was settled in 1841 and incorporated in 1856.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13208.0,13228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaplewood is a township in Essex County, New Jersey. It is considered an inner-ring suburban community of New York City. The city was incorporated in April 1861. The area was home to Algonquian Native Americans and the first European settlers arrived around 1675.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13237.0,13267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNewark is the most populous city in the state of New Jersey and a principal city in the New York metropolitan area. The Newark areas was settled in 1666 by the Puritans from the New Haven Colony, making it one of the oldest cities in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13267.0,13297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip Roth (1933-2018) was an American novelist and short-story writer. Many of his writing were set in his birthplace of Newark, New Jersey. His 1959 short story collection Goodbye, Columbus won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction. He became one of the most honored American writers of his generation and was known for his intensely autobiographical characters and exploration of American identity.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13311.0,13312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for Black and white students unconstitutional. The ruling paved the way for integration and the civil rights movement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13507.0,13533.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Rights Movement encompasses social movements in the United States whose goal was to end racial segregation and discrimination against Black Americans and enforce constitutional voting rights to them. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13567.0,13597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) is best known for his role as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs. A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia, in 1962, and organized nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, that attracted national attention following television news coverage of the brutal police response. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous \"I Have a Dream\" speech. On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. In 1965, he and the SCLC helped to organize the Selma to Montgomery marches and the following year, he took the movement north to Chicago to work on segregated housing. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many United States’ cities. King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a United States federal holiday in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13567.0,13597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States. It was formed in 1909 and its mission is “to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorehouse College is a private historically black men’s liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia. The college was established in 1867, two years after the Civil War ended. Originally named Augusta Institute, it was founded to educate black men in theology. In 1879, the institute moved to Atlanta and changed its name to the Atlanta Baptist Seminary. In 1913, it was renamed Morehouse College after Henry L. Morehouse, corresponding secretary of the American Baptist Home Mission Society. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWhitney Young (1921-1971) was an American civil rights leader. He was trained as a social worker, and he spent most of his career working to end employment discrimination in the United States. In 1961, he became the executive director of the National Urban League. He was very influential in the United States government’s War on Poverty in the 1960’s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHorace Julian Bond (1940-2015) was an American social activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement, politician, professor and writer. While a student at Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, during the early 1960s, he helped to establish the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). He was elected to four terms in the Georgia House of Representatives and later to six terms in the Georgia State Senate. He ran for the United States House of Representatives from Georgia’s 5th congressional district in 1986, when he lost the Democratic nomination in a runoff to rival civil rights leader John Lewis. From 1998 to 2010, he was chairman of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Robert Lewis (1940-2020) was an American statesman and civil rights leader who served in the United States House of Representatives for Georgia's 5th congressional district from 1987 until his death in 2020. He was the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966. Lewis was one of the \"Big Six\" leaders of groups who organized the 1963 March on Washington. He fulfilled many key roles in the civil rights movement and its actions to end legalized racial segregation in the United States. In 1965, Lewis led the first of three Selma to Montgomery marches across the Edmund Pettus Bridge. In an incident which became known as Bloody Sunday, state troopers and police attacked the marchers, including John Lewis. A member of the Democratic Party, Lewis was first elected to Congress in 1986 and served 17 terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. The district he represented included most of Atlanta. Due to his length of service, he became the dean of the Georgia congressional delegation. While in the House, Lewis was one of the leaders of the Democratic Party, serving from 1991 as a Chief Deputy Whip and from 2003 as a Senior Chief Deputy Whip. John Lewis received many honorary degrees and awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13597.0,13627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Lift Every Voice and Sing” is known as the Black National Anthem. It was a hymn written from a poem by NAACP leader James Weldon Johnson in 1900. The music for the hymn was written by his brother, J. Rosamond Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13627.0,13651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoy Wilkins (1901-1981) was a leader in the American Civil Rights Movement from the 1930’s to the 1970’s. He was the Executive Secretary of the National Association of the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1955-1963 and Executive Director from 1964-1977. He was a central figure in many notable civil rights’ marches and advocated for African Americans to join the military.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13747.0,13777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Lynn Frank Lerman (b. 1931) was raised in Atlanta. She graduated from Ohio State University and completed graduate work New York University. She married Dr. Sidney Lerman in 1957 and they had a daughter and son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13747.0,13777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLarry Frank (b. 1934) is an Atlanta businessman, philanthropist, and active member of the Atlanta Jewish community with his wife, Lois Frank. Frank played football at Grady High School and Vanderbilt University from 1950 to 1956. The Franks married in 1963 and have four sons, Joshua, Adam, Aaron, and Isaac. In 2017, Frank was honored for his devotion to Israel by Jewish Federation with the Lifetime of Achievement Award. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13747.0,13777.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSpelman College is a private, historically black women’s liberal arts college in Atlanta. It was founded in 1881 and was originally known as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary. In 1884, it was renamed Spelman Baptist Seminary in honor of Laura Spelman Rockefeller and her parents, Harvey Buel and Lucy Henry Spelman who along with Laura’s husband John D. Rockefeller were long time supporters of the school. In 1924, Spelman Baptist Seminary was officially named Spelman College. Today it is the second oldest private historically black liberal arts college for women in the U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=13777.0,13807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Journal-Constitution (AJC) is a major daily newspaper in the metropolitan area of Atlanta, Georgia. The newspaper is the result of the merger between The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Separate publication of the morning Constitution and afternoon Journal ended in 2001. The Constitution, as it was originally known, was first published in 1868. Its name changed to The Atlanta Constitution in 1869. The Atlanta Journal was established in 1883.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14141.0,14166.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRalph Emerson McGill (1898-1969) was an American journalist, best known as an anti-segregationist editor and publisher of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper. He won a Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing in 1959. He became friends with Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson, acting as a civil rights advisor and behind-the-scenes envoy to several African nations. After his death, Ralph McGill Boulevard in Atlanta (previously Forrest Boulevard) was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14222.0,14226.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18, 1851.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14242.0,14255.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Washington Post is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in Washington, D.C. since 1877. It is known for breaking important stories in American history, including the Pentagon Papers and Watergate. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14242.0,14255.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA chamber of commerce is a local association to promote and protect the interests of the business community in a particular town or state.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14290.0,14316.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Civil Rights Act (PL 88-352) was enacted on July 2, 1964. It outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace, and by facilities that served the general public. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14376.0,14406.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Public Accommodation Act was part of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Under Title II of the act, it prohibits places of public accommodation from discriminating against people because of their race, color, religion, or national origin. It would take several years before public establishments, especially in the South, to comply with the law.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14376.0,14406.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Winship Woodruff (1889-1985) was the president of The Coca-Cola Company from 1923 until 1954. With a large net worth, he was also a major philanthropist, and many educational and cultural landmarks in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, bear his name. Included among these are the Woodruff Arts Center, Woodruff Park, and the Robert W. Woodruff Library. In 1979, he and his brother, George Woodruff, gave EmoryUniversity $105 million, the first nine-figure gift to any institution of higher education.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14406.0,14436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Jacob Mortimer \"Jack\" Rothschild (1911-1973) served as rabbi of Atlanta’s oldest Reform congregation, the Temple, from 1946 until his death in 1973 from a heart attack. A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he forged close relationships with the city’s Christian clergy and distinguished himself as a charismatic spokesperson for civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14436.0,14466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRich's was a department store retail chain, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, which operated in the southern U.S. from 1867 until March 6, 2005 when the nameplate was eliminated and replaced by Macy's. It was founded by Hungarian Jewish immigrant Morris Rich (born Mauritius Reich) in Atlanta in 1867 as \"M. Rich \u0026amp; Co. Dry Goods\" Many of the former Rich's stores today form the core of Macy's Central, an Atlanta-based division of Macy's, Inc., which formerly operated as Federated Department Stores, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14466.0,14496.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChicago is the largest city in Illinois and located on Lake Michigan. It is known for its bold architecture with skyscrapers such as the John Hancock Center, the Willis Tower, formerly the Sears Tower, and the neo-Gothic Tribune Tower. It is also known for its museums including the Chicago Institute of Art. The city was incorporated in 1837 and it grew rapidly during the 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14708.0,14738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnsley Park is an early 20th-century suburban residential district that was developed in four phases between 1904 and 1913. It is located north of downtown Atlanta and west of Piedmont Park, between Piedmont Avenue and Peachtree Street. Completed by 1930, the neighborhood encompasses approximately 275 acres and includes single-family residences, apartments, and a church. It features a curvilinear arrangement of streets, numerous parks, and a wide range of eclectic and period architectural styles. It is known as an affluent and highly desirable neighborhood in the middle of Midtown Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14738.0,14768.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoston, Massachusetts is the capital and largest city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The city was founded in 1630 by Puritan settlers. During the American Revolution, the city was the location of various key events including the Boston Tea Party, the Boston Massacre, and the siege of Boston.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. is the United States capital. The city sits on the Potomac River and borders Maryland and Virginia. The city is home to the three branches of the federal government including the the Capitol, the White House, and the Supreme Court. It is also home to various well-known museums and performing arts venues such as the Kennedy Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDenver is the capital city of Colorado and the 19th most populous city in the United States. The Denver area was originally inhabited by various Native Americans including Apaches, Utes, Cheyennes, Comanches, and Arapahoes. The city was platted in 1858 and named for Kansas Territory Governor James W. Denver. It was incorporated in 1861 and became the consolidated city and county of Denver in 1902. It is nicknamed the “Mile High City” because of its elevation exactly one mile above sea level.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Watts riots, also known as the Watts Rebellion or Watts Uprising, took place in the Los Angeles neighborhood from August 11-16, 1965. The riots were motivated by on-going anger at the racist and abusive practices of the Los Angeles Police Department, and other issues with employment discrimination, residential segregation, and poverty. On August 11, Marquette Frye, a 21-year old African American man was pulled over by the police. After failing a field sobriety test, officers attempted to arrest him and when Marquette resisted the police struck him. A crowd of onlookers had gathered, and rumors spread about the actions of the police. Six days of civil unrest followed due in part to Frye’s arrest. The California Army National Guard was called in to help end the riots. The riots resulted in over $40 million in property damage and 34 deaths. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDuring 1968, protests over anti-war sentiment, civil rights, youth counterculture and bureaucracies occurred throughout the United States and Europe. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. in April of 1968 sparked violet protests in over 100 U.S. cities including, Louisville, Baltimore and Washington D.C. Students at Columbia University protested over the university’s alleged racist policies, which lead to three school officials being taken hostage for 24 hours. The Democratic National Convention in Chicago in August was the site of huge demonstration against the Vietnam War and the Johnson Administration. It resulted in a riot when the Chicago police waded into the crowd beating protestors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14798.0,14816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSummerhill is an Atlanta neighborhood that is directly south of downtown located between the Atlanta Zoo and Center Parc Stadium. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Grant Park, Mechanicsville, and Peoplestown. It was established in 1865 and is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city. In 1966, a four-day riot occurred in the neighborhood. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committing (SNCC) and its leader Stokely Carmichel were accused of inciting it following an incident of police brutality. The riots resulted in one death and twenty injuries. Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. went to the area of the riot to plead with the rioters and work with the police and black leaders to end the riots. During the 1996 Summer Olympics, the neighborhood was the site of opening and closing ceremonies and the track and field events at the Centennial Olympic Stadium.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=14828.0,14858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The congregation first met in a rented grocery store on Parkway Drive. It moved to a permanent location on Boulevard when it purchased and renovated a two-story apartment building. In 1956, it converted the Tabernacle Baptist Church on Boulevard to a synagogue. It built its current synagogue building on a five-acre lot on LaVista Road in 1961. Rabbi Joseph Safra was the congregation’s first permanent rabbi in 1951, followed by Rabbi Emanuel Feldman from 1952 to 1991. Rabbi Ilan Feldman has been the congregation’s Senior Rabbi since his father Emanuel’s retirement in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15068.0,15098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMargaret Mitchell Elementary School was an Atlanta Public Schools elementary school located on Margaret Mitchell Drive in the Margaret Mitchell neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia. Morris Brandon Primary School now operates at the previous site of the Margaret Mitchell Elementary School.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15068.0,15098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStone Mountain is a quartz monzonite dome monadnock and the site of Stone Mountain Park, near the city of Stone Mountain, Georgia. The park is owned by the state of Georgia and managed by Norcross-based Herschend Family Entertainment. At its summit, the elevation is 1,686 feet above sea level and 825 feet above the surrounding area. Stone Mountain is well known for not only its geology, but also the enormous rock relief on its north face, the largest bas-relief artwork in the world. The carving depicts three Confederate leaders, Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, and Stonewall Jackson. Stone Mountain was notably the site of Ku Klux Klan activities, and the birthplace of the modern Klan in 1915. It was purchased by the State of Georgia in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15098.0,15128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGwinnett is a county located within the Atlanta metropolitan area in the north central part of Georgia. It is the second most populous county in the state. The county seat is Lawrenceville.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15098.0,15128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCobb County is a county located within the Atlanta metropolitan area in the north central part of Georgia. The county seat is Marietta, which is also the county’s largest city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15098.0,15128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMary Phagan (1899-1913) was a thirteen-year-old employee of the National Pencil Company in Atlanta in 1913. She was found murdered in the basement of the factory at around 3 a.m., on April 27. Her murder led to the conviction and hanging of Leo Frank by a lynch mob in 1915 in Marietta, Georgia. Frank was later pardoned.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15098.0,15128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDeKalb County is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 691,893,making it Georgia's fourth-most populous county. Its county seat is Decatur. DeKalb County is included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It contains roughly 10% of the city of Atlanta (the other 90% lies in Fulton County), but is primarily a suburban county.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15128.0,15158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKashrut is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). In colloquial English, kosher often means \"legitimate,\" \"acceptable,\" \"permissible,\" \"genuine,\" or \"authentic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15338.0,15368.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA cheder is a traditional elementary school teaching the basics of Judaism and the Hebrew language.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15461.0,15475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Paideia School is a private independent school located in the Druid Hills neighborhood of Atlanta. The school opened in 1971 and enrolls students from pre-K to 12th grade.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15548.0,15573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarlan Eplan (b. 1965) is an Atlanta native and youngest child of Leon and Madalyne Buchman Eplan. Harlan attended the Paideia School. He graduated from Clark University, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the Yale School of Management. He works as a business consultant in business development, partnership strategies and executive coaching. He and his wife, Jen Denbo, have one child.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15548.0,15573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJana Eplan (b. 1963) is an Atlanta native and middle child of Leon and Madalyne Buchman Eplan. She attended the Paideia School and co-founded the Paideia Alumni Advisory Council. She attended the University of Michigan and Clark University. She has worked in senior services and was one of the founders of Senior Living Solutions of Atlanta. She is married to Craig Frankel, and they have three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15548.0,15573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Lovett School is a coeducational, private day school in Atlanta, Georgia, founded by Eva Edwards Lovett. The Lovett School was founded in 1926 and in 1957 became affiliated with the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta. In 1963, after public schools in Atlanta began integrating, the Lovett School denied admission to three African American children: two members of the Episcopal Diocese, and Martin Luther King, III. In response, the Diocese disassociated itself with the school, and in the fall of 1963, Episcopalians from Atlanta and around the country picketed the school. In the fall of 1966, the school announced an admission policy that did not consider race or religion. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15638.0,15668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaynard Holbrook Jackson Jr. (1938 – 2003) was an American politician and attorney from Georgia. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected in 1973 at the age of 35 as the first Black mayor of Atlanta, Georgia and of any major city in the South. He served three terms (1974–1982, 1990–1994), making him the second longest-serving mayor of Atlanta, after six-term mayor William B. Hartsfield. After his death, the William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport was re-named Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport to honor his service to the expansion of the airport, the city, and its people.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15668.0,15676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eH. Randal “Randy” Roark (b. 1942) is a architect, who taught architecture at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He also served as the director of planning and design for the Corporation for Olympic Development for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15788.0,15818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDoug Allen (1947-2014) was an Atlanta native, who graduated from Brown High School. He graduated from the University of Georgia with a bachelor’s degree in landscape architecture and earned his master’s from Harvard University. He worked as an architect and taught at Georgia Tech for 37 years. Doug and his wife, Kathy Hill Allen had one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15788.0,15818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMerle Lefkoff (b. 1938) holds a master’s degree and Ph.D. in political science from Emory University. She worked as the first environmental lobbyist at the Georgia State Legislature and later worked in the first year of the Carter Administration. She works as a mediator, facilitator, and leadership trainer throughout the world. Merle is the founder and executive director for the Center for Emergent Diplomacy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15818.0,15848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. National Science Foundation is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government. It supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. It was founded in May 1950 and is headquartered in Alexandria, Viriginia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15937.0,15967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNeighborhood planning unit (NPU) is a community-scale governmental structure used in Atlanta. It was established in 1974 by Mayor Maynard Jackson. The goal was to ensure that citizens, especially those historically disenfranchised, would be in a position to comment on the structure of their communities, and to ensure that the citizens would not have this ability taken from them by politicians who found an involved and engage public inconvenient. The NPU system is placed in the city charter. There are 25 NPUs with an Atlanta city planner assigned to each one. The NPUs are staffed entirely by citizen volunteers and are not given funding by the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15967.0,15989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStuart Elliott Eizenstat (b. 1943) is a diplomat and attorney, he held various White House positions under Presidents Carter and Clinton. He served as the United States Ambassador to the European Union from 1993 to 1996 and as the United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001. He is an advocate for Holocaust restitution and has devoted much of his career to this effort. He received his doctorate from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was married to Frances Eizenstat until her death in 2013, together they had two sons, Jay and Brian. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15997.0,16027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr. (1924- ) was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a Georgia State Senator from 1963 to 1967 and as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. Founder of the Carter Center, he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize for work to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development. He is the author of numerous books, including Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (2006), An Hour Before Daylight (2001) and Our Endangered Values (2005). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15997.0,16027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was found in 1636 and was named for its first benefactor, a Puritan clergyman John Harvard. It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=15997.0,16027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRonald Wilson Reagan (1911-2004) was the 40th President of the United States. He served from 1981 to 1989 and he was a Republican. Reagan began his career in the entertainment industry, from 1947 to 1952, and from 1959 to 1960, Reagan served as the president of the Screen Actors Guild. During the 1950’s, he worked in television and spoke for General Electric. He was elected governor of California in 1966 and in 1980, Reagan won the Republican nomination and then a landslide victory over incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter in the presidential election. Reagan implemented \"Reaganomics\", which involved economic deregulation and cuts in both taxes and government spending during a period of stagflation. Additionally, he expanded the war on drugs, signing the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 and 1988 to specify penalties for drug offenses. Both bills have been criticized in the years since for promoting racial disparities. Reagan has also been criticized for his slow and minimal response to the AIDS epidemic in the United States, which began early in his presidency. Reagan and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev held four summit conferences between 1985 and 1988 and Reagan is credited with ushering in a new era of trade and openness between the two powers. On March 30, 1981, Reagan was shot by John Hinckley Jr. outside the Washington Hilton and recovered after undergoing surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16057.0,16087.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as a cabinet position in 1965 under President Lyndon B. Johnson’s War on Poverty. HUD administers federal housing and urban development laws. The secretary of housing and urban development heads it.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16057.0,16087.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAndrew Jackson Young (b. 1932) is an American politician, diplomat, activist and pastor from Georgia. He has served as a Congressman from Georgia's 5th congressional district, the United States Ambassador to the United Nations, and Mayor of Atlanta. He served as President of the National Council of Churches USA, was a member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) during the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, and was a supporter and friend of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16087.0,16117.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973), often called ‘LBJ,’ was the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1968. He came into the office with the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. He was a Democrat from Texas and served as a U.S. representative and U.S. senator. Johnson instituted a set of domestic programs called Great Society, aimed at expanding civil rights, public broadcasting, access to health care, aid to education and the arts, urban and rural development, and public services. As part of these efforts, Johnson signed the Social Security Amendments of 1965, which resulted in the creation of Medicare and Medicaid. Johnson also enacted the Higher Education Act of 1965, which established federally insured student loans; and signed the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which laid the groundwork for U.S. immigration policy today. Johnson's civil rights legacy was shaped by signing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. His foreign policy prioritized the containment of communism, including in the ongoing Vietnam War. He launched a full-scale military intervention in Southeast Asia, dramatically increasing the number of American military personnel deployed. Casualties soared among U.S. soldiers and Vietnam civilians, prompting the anti-war movement and public opinion turned against America's involvement in the war. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16147.0,16177.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established in 1945 to promote international cooperation. The organization was created following World War II to prevent another such conflict. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict. The headquarters of the United Nations is in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16283.0,16297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick Law Olmsted (1822-1903) was an American landscape architect, journalist, social critic, and public administrator. He is considered the father of landscape architecture in the United States. He and his partner, Calvert Vaux are known for co-designing many urban parks including New York City’s Central Park. He was involved with the planning and development of numerous public park systems throughout the United States. He was responsible for Jackson Park and Washington Park, the main park ground for the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He also developed the landscape surrounding the U.S. Capitol Building.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16567.0,16597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDaniel Burnham (1849-1912) was an American architect and urban designer. He was a successful Chicago architect selected as the Director of Works for the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. Burnham had a hand in the creation of master plans for the development of several cities including Chicago, Manila, Philippines, and Washington D.C. He also was a designer for number of Chicago skyscrapers, the Flatiron Building in New York, Union Station in Washington D.C., and London’s Selfridges department store.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16567.0,16597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe World’s Columbian Exposition or the Chicago World’s Fair was held from May 5 to October 31, 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the New World in 1492. The centerpiece of the fair was held in Jackson Park in Chicago, Illinois. The exposition was predominantly designed by John Wellborn Root, Danie Burnham, Frederick Law Olmstead, and Charles B. Atwood. More than 27 million people attended the event over its six-month run.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16567.0,16597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Corporation for Olympic Development in Atlanta (CODA) was a public-private partnership formed prior to the 1996 Summer Olympics to oversee the public improvements to the city. It was funded by private and public money. The group spent $76 million on improvements in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16687.0,16717.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games (ACOG) was an organization that promoted and secured the selection of Atlanta as the site of the 1996 Olympic Games. Andrew Young was chairman and Billy Payne was its president and chief executive officer. During the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games, a bomb exploded in one of the venues known as Centennial Olympic Park, resulting in the death of two people and injuring 110 more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16782.0,16787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShirley Franklin (b. 1945), a Democrat, was mayor of Atlanta, Georgia from 2002 to 2010. She was the first woman and first black woman to be elected mayor of a major Southern city. She worked in both Mayor Maynard Jackson and Mayor Andrew Young's administration. She also worked as the Senior Vice-President for External Relations for the Atlanta Committee Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, which operated over saw the planning for the 1996 Olympics.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16807.0,16837.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCentennial Olympic Park is a 22-acre public park located in downtown Atlanta. It was built by the Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games as part of the infrastructure improvements for the 1996 Summer Olympics. Prior to becoming a park, it was a variety of empty lots and abandoned or run-down industrial buildings. The park was completed in two phases with phase one completed before the Olympics and phase two was completed in 1998. During the Olympics, the park was the site of a bombing that killed two people and injured 111 others. Today, the park is owned and operated by the Georgia World Congress Center Authority.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16837.0,16867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClara Axam (b. 1949) attended Duke University and University of Michigan, Law School. She was President and CEO of the Corporation for Olympic Development in Atlanta, Deputy Superintendent for Operation of the Atlanta Public Schools, and CEO of Clarification \u0026amp; Mediation, Inc. a management consulting company.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16867.0,16897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWalt Huntley (b. 1948) is an urban planner based in Atlanta. He holds a bachelor’s in biology and master’s in urban planning from Trinity University. Additionally, he has done post-graduate work at MIT and Havard. He works as a senior advisor for Carter, a national real estate investment and development firm. Huntley worked as an advisor for Mayor Maynard Jackson and later as his Chief of Staff. He also was the former president of Atlanta Economic Development Corporation (AEDC).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16897.0,16924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Economic Development Corporation was created in 1977 during Mayor Maynard Jackson time in office. The organization was a public and private effort to assist in creating jobs by retaining, expanding, and attracting businesses. It also worked to improve the economic development of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=16897.0,16924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“MARTA” is the acronym and common term for the “Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority,” which was created in 1965. During the 1970s, MARTA began acquiring land in and around the city of Atlanta, Georgia for construction of a rapid rail system. Today, MARTA operates a rail system with feeder bus operation and park-and-ride facilities throughout the metropolitan Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17109.0,17139.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuckhead is an area located northwest of Downtown Atlanta with gracious homes, elegant hotels, shopping centers, restaurants, and high-rise condominium and office buildings. It is a major commercial and financial center of the Southeast, and it is the third-largest business district in Atlanta, behind Downtown and Midtown.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17412.0,17442.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdmund Park is a neighborhood of Atlanta near the Morningside/Lenox Park area. It is a residential area to large homes.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17442.0,17472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrant Park is a historic neighborhood of Atlanta that was formed around the greenspace of the same name, the fourth largest park in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17442.0,17472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Congregation Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002. As of 2022, the current Senior Rabbi of the congregation is Ari Kaiman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=17742.0,17772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Super Bowl is the annual league championship game for the National Football League in the United States. It has served as the final game of every NFL season since 1966, replacing the NFL Championship Game. The game draws millions of viewers tuning in for the game and the commercials broadcasted during the game.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18042.0,18058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarcelona is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural center and a major tourist destination. Particularly renowned are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner, which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The city is home to two of the most prestigious universities in Spain: the University of Barcelona and Pompeu Fabra University. The 1992 Summer Olympics were held in Barcelona from July 25-August 9, 1992\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18062.0,18073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe 1984 Summer Olympics were held in Los Angeles, California from July 28-August 12. It was the second time Los Angeles hosted the Olympics; the other time was 1932. Fourteen Eastern bloc satellite states and allies, led by the Soviet Union boycotted the games claiming security concerns and anti-Soviet sentiment. The boycott came during the Cold War and after the Soviet Union has invaded Afghanistan in 1979. The invasion had caused the U.S. and 65 other countries to boycott the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18073.0,18103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntwerp is a port city in Belgium. It sits on the River Scheldt and its history dates back to the Middle Ages. The city center is home to the Diamond District with thousands of diamond traders, cutters, and polishers. The city hosted the 1920 Summer Olympics or Antwerp Olympics.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18073.0,18103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865), achieving recognition for his command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the scorched-earth policies that he implemented against the Confederate States. Sherman was a leader for the Union during the Battle of Atlanta, which occurred midway through a larger campaign. General Sherman assaulted the Confederate forces that were defending the city, commanded by General John B. Hood, throughout the summer of 1864. Sherman constantly shelled the city and tried to seize railroads and supply lines into Atlanta to starve the residents out. Atlanta finally surrendered on September 2, 1864. Sherman established his headquarters in Atlanta, where he remained for some two months. In November 1864 Sherman ordered the evacuation of all citizens of Atlanta and on November 14 he burned the city to the ground before setting out to capture Savannah after which he began his “March to the Sea.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18103.0,18133.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCNN is an American cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Turner Broadcasting System, a division of Time Warner. Edward “Ted” Turner III founded the 24-hour cable news channel in 1980 in Atlanta, Georgia. CNN was the first to provide 24-hour news coverage and was the first all-news television channel in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Gulf War (1990–1991), including Operation Desert Storm/Operation Desert Shield, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTaipei is a special municipality and seat of government for Taiwan. The city sits on the Tan-shi River. Taipei is completely surrounded by New Taipei City, which was created out of the former Taipei County in 2010 and is an administratively separate entity. Taipei is the political, economic, and cultural center of the island.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKolkata, India, formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of India’s West Bengal state. It was founded as an East India Company trading post. It was also India’s capital under the British Raj from 1773-1911. The city is home to Mother House, headquarters of the Missionaries of Charity, found by Mother Theresa. 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It is well known for its Russian architecture, historic Red Square and the other buildings including the St. Basil’s Cathedral and the Kremlin.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePan American World Airways, more commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States for much of the 20th century. The airlines started in 1927 by two U.S. Army Air Corps majors as a scheduled airmail and passenger service flying between Key West, Florida and Havana, Cuba. By 1980’s the airline had started to suffer a worsening financial situation, and by 1991, declared bankruptcy. Delta Airlines purchased the remaining profitable assets of the airlines including its European routes.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDelta Airlines is one of the major US airlines. It was founded in 1929 and is one of the world’s oldest airlines still operating. The company headquarters is in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18163.0,18193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited Parcel Service or UPS is an American multinational shipping and receiving supply chain management company. Today, the company is one of the world’s largest shipping couriers. It was founded in 1907 in Seattle, Washington and was originally known as the American Messenger Company that specialized in telegraphs. In 1991, UPS moved its headquarters to Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18211.0,18223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCARE is a major international humanitarian agency that delivers emergency relief, long-term international development projects and is focused on fighting global poverty. It was founded in 1945 as a non-sectarian, impartial, and non-governmental organization. The U.S. regional headquarters is in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18223.0,18253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eInternational Business Machines Corporation or IBM is a multinational technology company that is present in over 175 countries. The company was founded in 1911 and is one of the world’s oldest and largest technology companies. It has been responsible for various technological innovations such as the automated teller machine, the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, and the UPC barcode.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18283.0,18313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFive Points Station is a metro station of the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA). It is the transfer point for all rail lines and serves as the main transportation hub for Marta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18392.0,18402.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Commission on International Transportation was formed in 1991 and submitted its final report to Congress in September 1994. The commission worked to determine the status of intermodal transportation, identity resources needed for its enhancement, and recommend policies needed to achieve an efficient intermodal transportation system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18432.0,18462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeoria is located in central Illinois and sits on the Illinois River. The city was established in 1691 by the French explorer Henri de Tonti, making it the oldest permanent European settlement in Illinois. The city was officially incorporated in 1835. In 1854, Abraham Lincoln made his Peoria speech against the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Prior to prohibition, the city was the center of the whiskey industry in the United States with more than 12 distilleries operating in Peoria.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18603.0,18612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShalom Atlanta is the newcomer program of the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. It is a guide to help Jews living in Atlanta learn more about Atlanta’s Jewish organizations, resources, and services. Shirley Brickman was one of the program’s founders.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18653.0,18672.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJackie Montag (b. 1937) is a philanthropist and member of the Atlanta Jewish community. She was born in Mobile, Alabama, and attended Wellesley College and Rhodes College. She married Tony Montag and together they have four children. She has been involved in many philanthropic endeavors, including leadership roles with Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, The Temple, Skyland Trail, and Atlanta History Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=18792.0,18822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/annotation_set/1380/annotation/1896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Arnold M. Goodman served as senior rabbi of Ahavath Achim in Atlanta, Georgia from 1982 to 2002. He came to Atlanta from Minnesota where he had served as rabbi of Adath Jeshurun in Minnetonka since 1966. He currently serves as its senior rabbinic scholar. 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When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past its members dressed up in white robes and pointed hoods designed to hide their identity and to terrify. 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My father was a family of nine.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1679.0,2096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/index/84127/annotation/1917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Abe Goldstein","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Barney Bender","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Boxing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chattanooga, Tennessee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dorothy Bender","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greenwood Cemetery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harry Bender","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacob Abelson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lena Eplan Bender","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Max Abelson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oakland Cemetery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rubye Eplan Goldstein","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Underground Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=1679.0,2096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/index/84127/annotation/1918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His father and the Leo Frank trial","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2096.0,2170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/index/84127/annotation/1919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leon shares what his father told him about the Leo Frank trial.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842#t=2096.0,2170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129689/file/242842/index/84127/annotation/1920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh yes, he was probably one of the most quoted people around the Leo Frank case because he attended every session of court. 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