{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/ww76t0j555/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Sotto, Eliezer (1996)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1996-01-01 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Sotto, Eliezer (Interviewee)","Berman, Sandra (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Jewish Oral History Project","Absence of Humanity Project"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEliezer Sotto was interviewed by Sandra Berman on January 1, 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eEliezer ‘Eli’ Sotto was born in Salonika, Greece on April 27, 1923. He came from a family of nine people, his parents David and Victoria Sotto, and his six siblings. He had two brothers, Charlie, and Isaac, and four sisters, Gracia, Bella, Rachel, and Sarah.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn October 1940, Italy invaded Greece, followed by German in April 1941. After the invasions, Eli and the lives of other Jewish people in Greece changed dramatically. Eli and his older brother, Charlie were among this group and were required to become part of forced labor groups. They both escaped and were later arrested and jailed for a short time. Eli and his family were later required to move from their home into the designated Jewish ghettos. They continued to live there until April 1943, when he and his family was transported via cargo train to Auschwitz in Poland.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eUpon arrival in Auschwitz, Eli and his brothers were separated from the rest of his family. Eli and Charlie were later transferred to Buna (Monowitz-Auschwitz III) and Isaac stayed behind in Auschwitz. While at Buna, Eli and Charlie worked as prison laborers. Eli was later transferred to Birkenau, where he escaped the gas chambers twice. He was later transferred to Dachau, where he was reunited with his brother Isaac who was also transferred to Dachau. The two brothers remained together for the remainder of the war. Near the end of the war, Eli and Isaac were transported to a concentration camp in Landsberg, Germany, and later to Czechoslovakia. On March 28, 1945, while being transported through Czechoslovakia, the train made a stop. The brothers jumped from the train, where they were rescued by the Red Cross and taken to a Catholic hospital in Prague until the war ended.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the war ended, Eli learned that only he and Isaac had survived the concentration camps. The rest of his family had been killed in the gas chambers. Eli returned home to Salonika, Greece, where a civil war was happening. Despite the civil war, Eli started to rebuild his life; he opened a fruit stand and met his future wife, Lucy Levy. She had also lost all but one brother in the concentration camps. After Eli and Lucy married, they continued to live in Greece until deciding to immigrate to the United States. On January 23, 1952, they arrived in the United States and settled in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli did not speak any English when he arrived in the United States but spoke Spanish and was able to find a job as a barber in a barbershop with a Spanish-speaking owner. Eventually, he learned English and purchased his own barbershop. He continued to work as a barber until his retirement. Eli and Lucy had three children Rachel, Vicki, and David, and three grandchildren. Lucy passed away on May 6, 1995. Eliezer passed away on April 13, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eEliezer recalls growing up in Greece, shares the names of his siblings, and how he and his siblings worked to help support the family. He recounts how life changed when the Germans took over Greece and how difficult things became for all the Jewish people in Salonika. He discusses having to register, being forced to work, and being jailed when he escaped from the work site. He shares how he and the other Jewish workers were freed after the Jewish community paid the Germans a ransom. Eli also remembers when the Germans required the Jews to start wearing identifying stars and being forced to move from their homes into the ghettos.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli discusses how he and his family were transported from Greece to Auschwitz. He reflects on his initial arrival in Auschwitz where he and his brothers were separated from his parents and sisters and learned that prisoners were being gassed and burned in the crematories. Eli details being transported to Buna with his brother Charlie and the difficult conditions they faced. He recounts later being sent to Birkenau where he escapes death in the gas chambers twice. He spoke about receiving a number on his arm before being transported from Birkenau to Dachau. Eli describes being reunited with his brother Isaac at Dachau and how they stayed together until the end of the war. Towards the end of the war, he talks about Isaac and him being transported to Landsberg and later to Czechoslovakia where they jump from the train to be saved by the nuns and Red Cross, and how they were in the hospital until the war ended.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli remembers his journey back to Greece after the war where he learned that the remaining family was killed. He spoke about the challenges he faced due to the Greek civil war. He shares how he started a fruit stand and grew the business over time. Eli describes meeting his future wife, Lucy. He talks about the end of the civil war and his decision to leave Greece after the war ended. He details becoming a barber in Atlanta, buying his own shop, and buying a home. He expresses regret over the passing of his wife, Lucy, and his hope that hatred will end so everyone can have a better life\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28912"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Sotto, Eliezer (personal name)","Sotto, Charlie (personal name)","Sotto, Isaac (personal name)","Sotto, Sarah (personal name)","Sotto, Gracia (personal name)","Sotto, Bella (personal name)","Sotto, Rachel (personal name)","Sotto, Lucy Levy (personal name)","Sotto, David (personal name)","Levi, Rachel Sotto (personal name)","Flink, Vicki Sotto (personal name)","Truman, Harry S. (personal name)","Salonika, Greece (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Prague, Czechoslovakia (geographic term)","Poland (geographic term)","Germany (geographic term)","Bulgaria (geographic term)","Yugoslavia (geographic term)","Auschwitz concentration camp (geographic term)","Monowitz-Buna concentration camp (geographic term)","Birkenau concentration camp (geographic term)","Dachau concentration camp (geographic term)","Kaufering concentration camp (geographic term)","Landsberg am Lech (geographic term)","Bulovka Hospital (geographic term)","Purim (topical term)","Shul (topical term)","Synagogue (topical term)","Nazis (topical term)","Concentration Camps (topical term)","Immigration (topical term)","Barber (topical term)","Sephardic Jew (topical term)","Greco-Italian War (named event)","World War II (named event)","Greek Civil War (named event)","Holocaust (named event)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEliezer Sotto was interviewed by Sandra Berman on January 1, 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliezer \u0026lsquo;Eli\u0026rsquo; Sotto was born in Salonika, Greece on April 27, 1923. He came from a family of nine people, his parents David and Victoria Sotto, and his six siblings. He had two brothers, Charlie, and Isaac, and four sisters, Gracia, Bella, Rachel, and Sarah.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn October 1940, Italy invaded Greece, followed by German in April 1941. After the invasions, Eli and the lives of other Jewish people in Greece changed dramatically. Eli and his older brother, Charlie were among this group and were required to become part of forced labor groups. They both escaped and were later arrested and jailed for a short time. Eli and his family were later required to move from their home into the designated Jewish ghettos. They continued to live there until April 1943, when he and his family was transported via cargo train to Auschwitz in Poland.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eUpon arrival in Auschwitz, Eli and his brothers were separated from the rest of his family. Eli and Charlie were later transferred to Buna (Monowitz-Auschwitz III) and Isaac stayed behind in Auschwitz. While at Buna, Eli and Charlie worked as prison laborers. Eli was later transferred to Birkenau, where he escaped the gas chambers twice. He was later transferred to Dachau, where he was reunited with his brother Isaac who was also transferred to Dachau. The two brothers remained together for the remainder of the war. Near the end of the war, Eli and Isaac were transported to a concentration camp in Landsberg, Germany, and later to Czechoslovakia. On March 28, 1945, while being transported through Czechoslovakia, the train made a stop. The brothers jumped from the train, where they were rescued by the Red Cross and taken to a Catholic hospital in Prague until the war ended.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the war ended, Eli learned that only he and Isaac had survived the concentration camps. The rest of his family had been killed in the gas chambers. Eli returned home to Salonika, Greece, where a civil war was happening. Despite the civil war, Eli started to rebuild his life; he opened a fruit stand and met his future wife, Lucy Levy. She had also lost all but one brother in the concentration camps. After Eli and Lucy married, they continued to live in Greece until deciding to immigrate to the United States. On January 23, 1952, they arrived in the United States and settled in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli did not speak any English when he arrived in the United States but spoke Spanish and was able to find a job as a barber in a barbershop with a Spanish-speaking owner. Eventually, he learned English and purchased his own barbershop. He continued to work as a barber until his retirement. Eli and Lucy had three children Rachel, Vicki, and David, and three grandchildren. Lucy passed away on May 6, 1995. Eliezer passed away on April 13, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliezer recalls growing up in Greece, shares the names of his siblings, and how he and his siblings worked to help support the family. He recounts how life changed when the Germans took over Greece and how difficult things became for all the Jewish people in Salonika. He discusses having to register, being forced to work, and being jailed when he escaped from the work site. He shares how he and the other Jewish workers were freed after the Jewish community paid the Germans a ransom. Eli also remembers when the Germans required the Jews to start wearing identifying stars and being forced to move from their homes into the ghettos.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli discusses how he and his family were transported from Greece to Auschwitz. He reflects on his initial arrival in Auschwitz where he and his brothers were separated from his parents and sisters and learned that prisoners were being gassed and burned in the crematories. Eli details being transported to Buna with his brother Charlie and the difficult conditions they faced. He recounts later being sent to Birkenau where he escapes death in the gas chambers twice. He spoke about receiving a number on his arm before being transported from Birkenau to Dachau. Eli describes being reunited with his brother Isaac at Dachau and how they stayed together until the end of the war. Towards the end of the war, he talks about Isaac and him being transported to Landsberg and later to Czechoslovakia where they jump from the train to be saved by the nuns and Red Cross, and how they were in the hospital until the war ended.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEli remembers his journey back to Greece after the war where he learned that the remaining family was killed. He spoke about the challenges he faced due to the Greek civil war. He shares how he started a fruit stand and grew the business over time. Eli describes meeting his future wife, Lucy. He talks about the end of the civil war and his decision to leave Greece after the war ended. He details becoming a barber in Atlanta, buying his own shop, and buying a home. He expresses regret over the passing of his wife, Lucy, and his hope that hatred will end so everyone can have a better life\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/164/760/small/Sotto_Eliezer.mp4_1660167308.jpg?1660167309","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Sotto_Eliezer.mp4"]},"duration":3326.038,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/164/760/small/Sotto_Eliezer.mp4_1660167308.jpg?1660167309","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/164/760/original/Sotto_Eliezer.mp4?1660167307","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3326.038,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Sotto, Eliezer [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":" \n\nBERMAN: Mr. Sotto, I would like you to begin by telling us your name and a\nlittle bit about your family, where you're from, and life in Greece, in Salonika\nbefore the Nazis came. Then if you could continue telling about the changes in\nSalonika after the Nazis came in. If you could begin by just stating your name\nand talking a little bit about your family.\n\nSOTTO: My name is Eliezer ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sotto. I'm from Salonika, Greece. I come to the United\nStates, January 23, 1952. We came to the United States because of the horrible\nwar, World War II. To tell first, I'll tell you the life in my hometown,\nSalonika, Greece. It was a beautiful country. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in my family, those days,\npeople used to raise big families. To raise big families, you got to have\nsupport. My family, it was very difficult because my father got sick and we have\nthe children . . . work. To manage, to have [to] pay the bills and to go on with\nlife. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But otherwise, Greece, the people, the Jewish people living in Greece,\nthis was beautiful. When I was young, I was working. I have four sister and\n[two] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"brothers. The war started in October 1940. . . life changed. We were\ndifficult because of the war. But ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"otherwise . . . the families in Greece, they\nhave [a] good life. I have a sister, younger twin sister, her name Sarah. My\nolder sister, Gracia, the other sister Bella, and the other sister Rachel. My\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oldest brother Charlie and my younger brother Isaac. When the war started and\nthe Germans came . . . they told us that the Jewish people have to be . . .\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"separate[d] . . . to live in ghettos. Then they put an ad in the paper that the\nJewish people from 16 years old to 45, we present in the square . . . to report\nat a time, 9:00 on Saturday morning. To bring ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in, I guess, five or 10,000 people\nat 9:00 sharp, it was so difficult because people live from different parts of\nthe town. For those people that was late and they were severely punished. They\nthrow dogs and take the glasses and smashed the glasses. It was a horrible time.\nThen they have their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"speakers, they announced . . . to go register across the\nstreet, which was a building. We stood in line over there and we got registered.\nWhen they told, they make us [into] groups. Each group said on Monday morning to\nbe meeting in such a place. Monday morning we got together with two blankets. Me\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and my older brother, my younger brother was young, but me and my older brother\nwent to the square and they put us to work in a field. It was awful, awful. The\njob was very hard. Somehow I managed to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"escape. There was 20 miles [from] town.\nFinally, I find . . . the main road. I saw a fireman with a wagon. I beg to\nclimb and come to town. When I went home, my mother saying, \"what you're doing?\"\nI have to lie. I tell my mother; the job was over. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They sent me home, which was\nnot true. My older brother also worked that day and it was difficult for him. He\ndid the same thing. He left and he [came] home. Well, we don't know that the\nGermans are going to be after us. We went back to work. Me and my older brother,\nwe went to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"movie and I saw a movie that . . . some people was robbing a bank.\nThe FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation] and the police there was chasing those\nrobbers. They catch a few but one got away. The FBI and the police was looking\nfor those people. They find the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gentleman, which was identical. They caught this\nguy who was a family man. They brought him to court and they killed the man, the\nhonest man. I was telling my brother, what kind of justice is this. In the end,\nit should find this man was honest man. I didn't like the movie, but we went\nhome. [As] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"soon [as] I get to the door and my mother saying, the police [are]\nhere looking for you. I said to my mother, \"I did not do anything wrong. I don't\nknow that I fight with anybody or do anything.\" But that was two minutes later\nthey have the two Germans and the two Greek policemen. They come and they grab\nmy hands, put them . . . They took me to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the closest police station. When my\nmother and my sister said to those people, \"Why do you arrest my son? What he\ndid?\" They say, \"We don't have to ask you questions.\" They took me to the police\nstation with the jail. You stay to remain tonight and tomorrow we'll let you\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know. The next morning at the jail, there was 15-20 other people for other\ndifferent things. There in the morning, a policeman come with a list with names\nand call the name and say, you out, you out, you out. Everybody out . . . except\nme. I say, \"How about me?\" He say, \"you have to remain other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people [are]\nholding you.\" He didn't say it was the Germans. By 5:00 in the afternoon, they\ncame and they took me [from] that police station . . . to another downtown, to\nanother place . . . There was other people that left the job like I did. They\nput them all together and they put us to a bigger ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jail. Every day the German\nused to come and take 15 or 20 . . . shout and thrown in line over there. Always\nI was afraid it would be my turn. The one night, one day . . . the guard come\nand say, you all go home ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tomorrow. We were so happy . . . what happened the next\nday the Germans come with the army trucks and took us again . . . brought us\nback to the jobs we left. After that the Jewish community, because [there] was\nother people working in the rivers and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lakes where they have malaria and other\ndiseases. People [were] getting sick and dying. The Jewish community asked the\nGermans, if you . . . can take the sick people and some [of] the bodies. The\nGermans reply and [said], \"Well, if you give us some ransom. We can cancel the\nprogram where ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the people would pay.\" So the Jewish community . . . I don't know\nexactly, but $3 or $4 million [they were] asking for. They give it to the\nGermans so. . . [they] cancel the program, send those young people back home.\nBut this only lasts for a month or so. Then the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans, they end up in the\npaper [that] the Jewish people . . . have to wear stars. After that, wearing the\nstars, they come with another ad in the paper. [The Jewish people] have to be in\nliving ghettos. You cannot live . . . we have to move from where we live to a\nghetto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and going to work. Then we see one morning there guards all over and they\ndidn't allow us to go back to work. Then we don't know anymore [about] the\nsituation. Another announcement was that we were going to be deport to Germany,\nto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland to be all the Jewish . . . altogether. One morning the Germans came\nand arouse [us] . . . to put us in line and to take us to the train station.\nThey evacuate the whole ghetto, they brought us ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the train station. They give\nus a loaf of bread. They put us inside the cargo train. It took eight ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"days to\nget to Poland, which a lot of people, men, women, and children, they all can't\nmake it. They die inside the trains. When we got out over there about midnight .\n. . in Poland and they opened the doors. They say \"aus\" means out, out from the\ntrains. When we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get down from the trains . . . they separated the young people,\nsay from the 2500 from the transport, maybe 500 people. The rest . . . they put\nus in . . . trucks and they say, you lay there, you going to meet together. Then\n. . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me and my other two brothers also, we separate and we march there about an\nhour. We saw the camp and when we got there . . . right away they put us in the\nbarracks. We went through the barracks and . . . they take the civilian clothes\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and go to the other side. They take [and] cut the hair and they give us prison\nclothes. While we're there, we ask him to the other prisoners [who were here]\nbefore, where the families. He said, \"The families has already been gassed.\" I\nsay, \"What do you mean, being gassed\" . . . they already kill them. You see,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tonight when they burn the bodies, which was terrible. We don't believe this\nhappened. The nighttime we see the sky on flames when they burn the bodies. They\nput us in barracks, me and my two brothers together. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Only we stay about eight\ndays with not doing anything. But after eight days, they put us in line . . . to\ntransport to another camp. They say if there's any people under 13 to remain\nthere. I told my older brother, so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Isaac, almost 13 . . . we don't know where\nthey're going to take us. It's better to stay . . . my young brother [was]\nstaying . . . that was in Auschwitz. My young brother stay. Me and my older\nbrother, [they] took us to a camp called Buna. When we work over there in Buna\nit was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"awful. Very hard job. We was in the same barrack together, working\ntogether, my older brother. But then one day they separate me to do a different\njob and a different barrack. I wasn't able to see my older brother often. One\nnight there was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[indistinct:17:29: possibly Greek phrase: something about\nsoldier or guard]. He told me, \"I want you to come after they serve the soup to\nget the barrels and go behind the barrack and wash them.\" Which was in the way\nof good because I can have an extra meal from the barrels. But one night, they\ncall . . . everybody [to] the square. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was going to select people . . .\nthose people cannot able to work no more. I didn't know, I was behind the\nbarrack. One prisoner came, said, \"What are you doing in here? Everybody is in\nthe square.\" Well, thinking about my brother . . . I left everything and I run\nin the square, which already they have select[ed] about 500 people. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They grabbed\nme right away. Also they put me in the truck with the other 500, which is means\npeople not able to work no more. They took us to Birkenau for the gas chamber.\nWhen we got there, the gas chamber was busy. There was transport of people . . .\nthey put us on reserve. When they put us on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reserves in different barracks,\nafter two days, the Germans came and told the kapos [block leader], \"Take those\npeople back to work.\" They put us inside the camp, they put us back to work.\nWhen I was in with my older brother working in Buna . . . [we] fill[ed] up those\ntrains with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coal and they have a machine that . . . [with] mountains of coal. We\nthrow the coal through the machine and the machine, takes [it] to the train,\nlike [an] elevator. When my brother, when he was working and he have a piece of\nrope. Somehow the rope caught through the machine and started ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dragging him. I\nran and help to release my brother. Then the kapo came . . . beat me up. But\nafter that, when I was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birkenau working, they put us to work again. One\nSunday they make selection to transport people. When they put us in line,\nthere's two gentlemen, one on one side, one on the other side. Each barrack,\nthey have 500 prisoners. The one German, one on one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"side and the other [on]\nother side that take the first line. They separate with a finger and say, \"you\nthis side.\" After they finish the line, the remaining ones, they put with a hand\n[he gestures], \"you go this way.\" They went to the second line . . . When they\nwent to the second line, they took one guy in front of me. So what I did is I\nmake one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"step because I noticed those people that were separating, [those were]\nthe ones means they no good, the remaining ones. When they come to the third\nline, I took off with the good ones. Then when we went to that barrack and they\nsaid, \"Well you get the number.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See they're called by the number [Eliezer\nstarts to roll up his sleeve to show the number on his arm] and they took the\nnumber and they said you are going to be transferred to Dachau. Then going from\nBirkenau we went through Auschwitz. We [made] a stop in there. I met my younger\nbrother, we left him over there. I told him as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"soon as I saw my younger brother.\nHe said, \"You try to stay where you are because outside is very hard, you're\nnever going to make it.\" I said, \"No they already took my number also.\" They\ntook us to Dachau. A few days later, the other transport come . . . my younger\nbrother came. In the meantime, when I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left Buna . . . my older brother, he\nnoticed they took me for the gas chamber. He got sick. He die. I [found] out\nafter I liberate. When we was in Buna . . . in Dachau, me and my younger brother\ntry to stick together all the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time. From Dachau, they took us to Landsberg in\nGermany and then from Germany to Czechoslovakia, one camp to another. In\nCzechoslovakia, one night they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[said] all the Jewish to come out. Well, we knew\nthat when was just asking about Jewish people mean a sign [that was] not too\ngood. But the group that we was working, 20 people in the group, we went into\nthe barrack and we sleep under with the hay. We didn't come out until the next\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"morning. In the meantime, that evening, they took all the ones that was present\nin the square and took them away. In the morning, when we come out, then the\nkapos say how you all got a . . . We don't know. We don't hear anything. We went\nback to work. We work that day, when we come back in the evening, the whole camp\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transport[ed]. They put us in the cargo trains in Czechoslovakia. The train was\ngoing 50 miles, then it stop. Another 50 miles, it stop. In the meantime, there\nwere a lot of people. They have Polish prisoners, Tsechia [Greek: Tséchia,\nCzech] prisoners. They have some trains with open tops so they can yell and\ntalk. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"told the train stopping . . . there was a lot of civilians come close\nto train and ask for help. The Czechoslovakians ask the Germans, if you can let\nus take the sick people and the dead people from the trains. Finally, they\ndecide to take . . . open the trains and take the sick people. I told my young\nbrother, \"Let's jump from the train.\" We saw ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some nuns and people with the Red\nCross. We jump from the train, they took us and they put us on the stretchers.\nThey put them . . . in army trucks and they took us to a Catholic hospital in\nCzechoslovakia. That was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"March 28, I believe. After we stayed in the\nhospital, the name of Bulovka Hospital, for ten days. They have a speakers in\nevery room. They said the war was over, which was unbelievable. But then my\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"brother was not well, they have to separate the hospital [he was] sent to\nanother hospital. They use to have a nurse to come and take me to . . . my\nbrother, to the other hospital to visit him sometime. Then we . . . try to in\nthe meantime . . . we met other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"civilians in Praga [Greek: Prága, Prague],\nother prisoners. We tried to find ways how to go back to Greece. We was about 20\nor 30 prisoners and we went to the station. We see a train going by. We climb\nthe train and we don't know which way they're going, but we want to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go. The good\nthing was the train was going to the right direction. The conductor come to us\nfor money. We always say we don't have no money. It took two months after we\n[were] liberate[d] to get to Greece. When we got to . . . Greece, we don't\nbelieve our families gone. It was so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"difficult. [There] was a woman also that\nshe liberate and she was in the group with us. I ask them, that's pretty rough.\nWe don't have nobody. I wish I find some companion. They said, \"Take it easy,\nyou'll find one.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the meantime, we try to claim our property. In Greece at\nthat time, they have civil war. We were finished with World War II. We went back\nto Greece, we find they have a civil war. We try to claim our property . . . the\nhouses was full from people, from the Greek people. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They came to town because\nthey was afraid with the civil war. They occupy all the houses [that were]\nempty. The Jewish community they have a Jewish school. They put us in a school\ntemporary. I find to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work. I went to the market and I started, I have $20\n. . . 20 drachmas that I sold two pairs of shoes that I have. I went to the\nfarmers market and I bought a basket of apples. I brought it to town and selling\nto make little profit. Going back and forth to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farmers market and this man\nfrom the farmers [market] say, \"You come every day buy a basket apples, why\ndon't you get two to three baskets?\" I said, \"I don't have enough money.\" \"You\ngot a credit.\" The man give me enough for three baskets. Some friend of mine,\nthey have a store, a claim to a store. This man [that] have the store have . . .\n \u003cEnd Tape 1\u003e\n \u003cNo video on Tape 2\u003e\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SOTTO: I went to the farmer's market and then I got a credit. A friend of mine,\nhe finally . . . able to get a little store and we started selling fruits. It\nwas are doing pretty good. This lady friend, [she] come to buy fruit and she\ncame with another young ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"girl. She stayed ten feet away and I asked the lady, \"I\nnotice . . . who's that girl?\" She say, \"This friend of mine, why don't you\nbring [her] and introduce.\" She brought her and introduced me. She said, \"If you\nwanted . . . to know more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about . . . you can come Sunday to the house.\" I was\nvery happy. Then Sunday I went to her house and met her. I noticed that her name\nwas Lucy. I said, \"Lucy.\" I say, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You was in camp also.\" \"Yes.\" She lost\neverybody. I said, \"Well, I don't have nobody, you don't have nobody so we can\nlive together.\" I said, \"Well, I got one room there, that I have for my house.\nIf you're going live with me and I want live with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her.\" After four months, we\nlive together, we decided to get married. It was difficult because we didn't\nknow . . . with the war, the civil ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"war . . . to go to war because they have a\ncurfew from nine in the morning until five. Otherwise, if you work late, you\nmight get killed. My business selling fruit . . . I have to go early to the\nfarmer's market, and I still like to sell the fruit. Always I used to be late\nfor the curfew and always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were the police there. They stopped me . . . on\nthe way going home and search me and say, \"Why are you late? I tried to explain\nmyself. I tried to make a living and I have a wife and a child. They used to\nsearch me all the time. Then I was . . . finally ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Greek government after\nthree years of civil war. The Greek government, at that time was President\n[Harry] Truman . . . told him what was going on in Greece with the Greek army\nuse to fight the communists and the communists to go through Yugoslavia and\nBulgaria. They cannot succeed because the Greek Army cannot go to that. But\nPresident Truman called Yugoslavia and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bulgaria and told them to stop the in and\nout. Thus the war was over. As soon as the war was over . . . me and my wife, we\napplied to come to the states. We came in 19[52] . . . we applied to come to the\nstate because I have a little business they rejected ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me. Then I have . . . went\nto the Jewish community and I told them, what I did is . . . I just give up the\nstore because I can . . . was no life anymore in Greece for us. Finally, I went\nto the American consul[ate] . . . they passed and the United States [gave the]\nrights to come to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"states. When we came to the state with no language, and I\nsaid to myself, I don't know how I'm going to make a living in the United\nStates. I want to go back . . . when I was in camp. The difficult times I have.\nWhen they transfer me from one camp to another, they asking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for electricians,\nbarbers. I point my hand, I say, \"I'm a barber.\" The very next day, a soldier\ncome and he say, \"You come with me.\" They took me outside of the camp to the\nbarracks where the Germans barracks . . . to give a haircut to the commandeer. I\nwas not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"100% barber. I learned some from my father. But he give . . . bring your\nrazor . . . to shave his head. Also, they have a security guard. They have a\nguard and watch. I give him a shave and I nick his ear, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"commandeer. He went\nand look in the mirror and look[ed] [at] himself. He turn around, he wrote a\nlittle note and he give it to the guard, which I don't know myself what the note\nmean. I said, maybe go finish this man. But . . . the guard took me back to the\ncamp and I was going [right] a way to the barrack. He said, \"You come with me\nand ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"follow me.\" I follow[ed] him and he went to the kitchen. He gave the little\nnote to the cook and they give me a loaf of bread and a piece of salami . . .\nthat was my tip. But I was afraid that . . . I thought because I cut his ear it\nwas going to end . . . I have for short time, I have this barbering job. But\notherwise the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rest, there was no way I was working in Czechoslovakia inside that\ntunnel. They have the trains . . . where they have coal to fill up. I saw the\nlittle . . . what they called . . . to put all in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"machine . . . I saw what\n[indistinct: 39:05] I put in my mouth because my button no have no hole. But\nthen another time we have to work and when we go back to camp, they need people\n. . . [they] short of people for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nighttime. As soon as I finish from one job to\nanother job with not eat[ing]. The next day, back to the normal job. I started\neating coal and that's so enough to have something [in] my stomach, to work in\nmy stomach. There's no way ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to explain how a human being can survive. Even as of\nthis moment, I don't believe myself. It's impossible, but it is like a miracle.\nBefore, I didn't know what the word miracle was. But I know that miracles. It\nwas a miracle. I survived those horrible things.\n\nBERMAN: If you could tell us a little bit about, going back to your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boyhood and\nyour childhood in Salonika, about your education, your religious background, and\nyour upbringing, your religious . . .\n\nSOTTO: Well, as I said before . . . people used to raise big family and we was\nnine people . . . nine people in the family. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I [was] always . . . working\nbecause my father was [a] sick man. But it was . . . Greece was a nice place. My\nfamily, everybody have to work to make a living and [it] was happy life, we have\nhappy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life.\n\nBERMAN: What about holidays and synagogue?\n\nSOTTO: Oh, this, it was beautiful. I wasn't able to have a lot of education. I\nhave to work daytime. I tried to go and work at night down. But I have two jobs.\nI mean, I wasn't able . . . to finish high school, whatever. But they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have over\nthere, it was unbelievable the religion. They used to have man knock on the door\nto . . . go for synagogue. They used to have, I am talking way back. They used\nto come with a chauffeur. It was time ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to go to the Shul. It was great and the\nholiday was amazing. I remember my childhood one year, it was Purim. My father .\n. . to buy new clothes and you think, it was great things. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wonderful . .\n. but we [were] . . . I have good times and I had a rough time. When I say when\nI come to this country and I have a difficult time because of the language and I\nhad to get a job. I met one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"man and he said, \"Don't you speak Spanish.\" I said,\n''yes.\" He said, \"Well, I know a barber that speaks Spanish. If you want me to,\nI'll take you, introduce you to the man.\" He came and took me to this man on\nGeorgia Avenue. His name was Chris, the guy [that] own the shop. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This man said,\n\"Chris, there's a man from Greece.\" I spoke with him in Spanish. I said, \"I need\na job.\" He look at me and [said], \"You've got one.\" I said, \"Well, I don't know\nhow I'm going to do it when I don't know [how] to speak English.\" He said, \"You\ngot tools, barber tools?\" I say, \"Yes.\" \"Well, go get your tools.\" When I got my\ntools and I went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to work. He give me the second chair. It was five chairs\nbarbershop, he gave me the second chair. When a customer came . . . he used to\ntell the boss, tell the customer what I needed. He explained [it] to me in\nSpanish. Give him a medium haircut . . . after ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"six months time, I didn't have\ntrouble anymore. I can do on my own. But [on] the first day what happen is, he\ngive me a lady to cut her hair. The lady was sort of drunk and had long hair.\nAll the time I tried to get . . . [to] comb the hair and try to cut it, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the time\nshe was bending. I wasn't able to do it. It was difficult. I told the boss, I\nwill not work with the ladies anymore. After six months, he said to me, \"I got a\nnews for you.\" He say, \"the government is going to take all this property to\nmake the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stadium, so they're going to knock down the barbershop.\" [He] say,\n\"I'll let you know, too. I want you to find another job.\" I started looking in\nthe paper. I saw an ad in the paper 'barber wanted hundred dollars guarantee\ncall after six.' Well, I was afraid somebody might get the job. Every 5 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"minutes,\neven they said, the ad said after six. About every 5 minutes I was going to the\ntelephone booth and calling so I can get no answer. When I went home after 6:00,\nI call, a young girl answer telephone. I say I saw this ad in the paper for a\nbarber. \"Well, that's my father, he's not here now. You call later. \"Then she\nsay, \"hold on, hold on, my father is here.\" So I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call . . . he came to [the]\ntelephone. He say, \"You a barber.\" I say, \"Yes.\" \"Who you work for?\" I say, \"I\nwork for Chris.\" \"Oh, okay.\" Let me . . . he told me where I can [meet] him. I\nmet him. He took me to the barbershop where I am on Peachtree[Street] and show\nme the place. He say, \"Now, I want a $30 a week for the chair, but I give you a\nguarantee $100. That ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mean, after $100, you pay me the $30. If you make less, you\ndon't have to pay me.\" Which I have good business, I didn't have no problem for\nthe $30. I [made] more. I start doing my life started getting better. After I\nwork three or four months, there was another barber also. He offered . . . the\nowner offer[ed] to sell the barbershop to the other barber. The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other barber\n[said], \"I am not interesting to buy the barbershop.\" He told me, \"You\ninterested to buy the shop.\" Which I was so happy. I said to myself. How am I\ngoing to buy this barber shop? I don't have, he want $3,000. Five minutes later,\nI have a customer in the chair and I know that it was a lawyer. He was a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sephardic Jew. I said, \"Can I have a question? Can I ask you a question?\" I say,\n\"I want to buy this barbershop and the man want $3,000.\" Is anyway . . . [he]\ncan tell me what to do, how to buy the barbershop? He said, \"What is the man\n[who] own the barber shop? What is his name?\" I say his name is Dewey Hamrick.\nHe said, \"Okay, let me talk to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. I'll let you know.'' He called Dewey and say\n\"Do your employee want to buy the barber shop? He don't have the money. The only\nway he can buy the barber shop, if you cosign, we go and make a loan to the\nbank. If you cosign . . . then he can buy the barbershop.\" He says, \"Okay.\" We\nwent and make the loan for $3,000 . . . to buy the barbershop. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some other man\ncame to the shop and say, I told them that I was buying the shop. I didn't know\nthis [was] something I did wrong. He say, \"How much you buying the barber shop?\"\n[I] say \"The man want $3,000.\" He left, he went and called the owner. He offered\n$5,000 for the shop. I called the lawyer and I told ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him that Dewey wanted $5,000\nnow because somebody else offered more. He said to me, \"Next time you keep your\nmouth shut.\" He told Dewey, we're going to the bank. The lawyer told me, \"you\ndon't have no money. You take a chance for three. Now you have to go for five.\"\nWe went to the bank and we borrowed the money, make the loan for $5,000. I got\nthe loan ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I bought the barbershop. After a week later, the bank send me, if\nyou want to, do you get any loan. I already got, I got a credit now. I was in\nthe meantime, I was living [in an] apartment on Boulevard. They give, when I was\nliving in Boulevard, they give the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right to the black people to move to this\nneighborhood. All this white people, they have to sell their houses and move to\nthe north. The landlord told me that she have to sell the building because the\nblack people are going to come. I said, how I'm going to try to find another\napartment. I was looking for another apartment. They don't want children. They\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"already have three, two children. And working [to] look for apartment. I saw\nthis house for sale. I said, well, I don't have no money, but it's not wrong to\nfind out. I called the real estate and I asked him, \"How much they want for the\nhouse?\" They said they want $12,000. I told them, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well, thank you. I . . . only\nhave $500.\" When he hear that, he say[s], \"Where can I can meet you?\" I told him\nwhere I live in the apartment. He came and he [said], \"I tell you what we do. We\nsay we make two pieces papers. You put $2,000 down instead of $500. We take them\nto the bank. Then another paper you make ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"$500.\" We took this to the bank and I\ngot the loan to buy the house. The other, the remainder $1,500 dollars to pay\nsecond mortgage to the owners. Then I buy the house . . .\n\nBERMAN: We're getting close to the end of the second tape. Before it goes off, I\nwanted to ask you, you had an unbelievable ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience during the war and after.\nIf you could leave a message to your family, to the community about your\nexperiences. What would that be?\n\nSOTTO: Well, the message is that we are human beings and religion. Oh, I don't\nknow why there have to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hatred. We are all human beings and we have to make a\nbetter life for everybody. We don't have this anymore, this hatred, and so we\ncan live comfortable.\n\nBERMAN: Is there anything else that in thinking over everything that you've said\nso far? Is there anything else you'd like to add? Something that you really want to?\n\nSOTTO: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I regret that I lost my wife, Lucy. That was going, after we came\nto this country with no language. We worked so hard to raise the family. Now was\nthe time that I was . . . going to celebrate 50 anniversary. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, I was going\nto try to semi-retire and to enjoy life. After my wife went through lots of hard\nwork and being [in] prison camp and lost everybody . . . I feel very bad. That\nlosing my wife and this that I was hoping to live longer so I can enjoy a little\nbit of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/transcript/39309/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life.\n\nBERMAN: Is there any there anything else, David? [Interviewer refers to Mr.\nSotto's son David, who was present at the interview] Is there anything that you\nfeel you?\n\nSOTTO: I see the hatred is still around and I hope this never happen again so\nthat we can have better life.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you so much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3300.0,3330.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotatioins [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSalonika, or Thessaloniki, is the second-largest city in Greece. Before World War II, the city had the largest Jewish community in Greece. The German forces invaded and occupied the city in April 1941. As of February 1943, there were about 56,000 Jews in Salonika.  By the end of the war, this great community had ceased to exist.  Today, Jewish community life has revived somewhat, and Salonika is now the second largest Jewish community in Greece, behind Athens. There are approximately 1,000 Jews living in Salonika.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP), commonly known as the “Nazi Party,” was a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945. The party’s leader was Adolf Hitler. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric. In the 1930s the party's focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes. Racism was also central to Nazism. The Nazis aimed to unite all Germans as national comrades, whilst excluding those deemed either to be community aliens or of a foreign race. The Nazis sought to improve the stock of the Germanic people through racial purity and eugenics, broad social welfare programs, and a disregard for the value of individual life, which could be sacrificed for the good of the Nazi state and the “Aryan master race.” The persecution reached its climax when the party-controlled German state organized the systematic murder of approximately 6,000,000 Jews and 5,000,000 people from the other targeted groups.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Greco-Italian War took place between Italy and Greece between October 28, 1940 and April 23, 1941. The Italians invasion occurred from the Italian-controlled Albania border. The initial invasion proved to be disastrous for Italy due to the mountainous terrain near the Albanian-Greek border. Also, the British force came to the aid of the Greeks and helped the Greeks in their efforts. Eventually the German’s fearing a threat to their advances, invaded northern Greece. The Greek and British forces were overwhelmed, and Greece eventually had to surrender to Germany and Italy in April 1941\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Germans defeated the Greek army in the spring of 1941 and occupied Greece until October 1944. Even though deportations did not start until March 1943, Greece lost at least 81 percent of its Jewish population during the Holocaust. Between 60,000 and 70,000 Greek Jews perished, most of them at Auschwitz-Birkenau. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe term “ghetto” originated in sixteenth-century Venice from the Jewish quarter, where authorities compelled the city’s Jews to live. The term’s usage spread across Europe and referred to areas within cities where members of minorities (typically Jews) lived and were often restricted to by the authorities as a way to separate them from the majority Christian population. During World War II, Nazi Germany established ghettos in segregated city districts to further isolate and imprison regional Jewish populations. Starting in 1939, the Germans established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone. Jews living in ghettos experienced miserable conditions and overcrowding.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJuly 11, 1942 is still called “Black Saturday.”  Nine thousand Jewish men between 16 and 45 years of age were ordered to assemble at Plateia Eleftheria (Liberty Square), where they were humiliated in the burning sun all day.  They were forced to stand without moving, and anyone who tried to shield his eyes from the sun was beaten.  The men were forced to roll on the ground, and perform bizarre and difficult calisthenics. The Germans took pictures the whole time from the balconies around the square, and applauded. When the men were granted permission to return home they had to run the first 150 meters or crawl on all fours, turn somersaults, and roll in the dust. About 2,000 were sent to forced labor for the Germany army, where the death rate was high.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Bureau of Investigation is the principal federal law enforcement agency of the United States. The bureau is focused on domestic intelligence and security of the federal government.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn September 1941, Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi Propaganda Minister, issued a law requiring Jews over the age of six to wear a yellow Jewish star, or Magen David, on their outer garments. The star had the word “Jude” [German: Jew] written on it. The following year, Jews in lands under German control were also forced to wear the Star. The design of the badge varied from region to region. The German government’s policy of forcing Jews to wear identifying badges was but one of many psychological tactics aimed at isolating and dehumanizing the Jews of Europe, directly marking them as being different (i.e., inferior) to everyone else. It allowed for the easier facilitation of their separation from society and subsequent ghettoization, which ultimately led to their deportation and murder. Those who failed or refused to wear the badge risked severe punishment, including death. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePoland is a country in central Europe. In September 1939, the German and Soviet Union invasion of Poland marked the start of World War II. After the capital Warsaw fell, the country was divided into two zones, one German occupied and the other occupied the Soviet Union. The Nazi forces set up six concentration camps within Poland and millions of Jews were transported to the camps and killed in the camps. After WWII, Poland came under the influence of the Soviet Union and operated under a communist government. In 1989, the Solidarity movement lead to the collapse of the communist government in Poland and influence much of the eastern Europe communist governments.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAuschwitz-Birkenau was a network of camps built and operated by Germany just outside the Polish town of Oswiecem (renamed “Auschwitz” by the Germans) in Polish areas annexed by Germany during World War II. It is estimated that the SS and police deported at a minimum 1.3 million people (approximately 1.1 million of which were Jews) to the Auschwitz-Birkenau complex between 1940 and 1945. Camp authorities murdered 1.1 million of these prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Monowitz camp, also known as Monowitz-Buna or Buna, was about 4 miles east of the Auschwitz Main Camp. The German chemical firm IG Farben built a huge complex for the production of synthetic fuels and rubber (buna) in April 1941. The availability of thousands of slave laborers in the Auschwitz camps, rail lines and nearby natural resources for fuel was the reason the camp was built there. In April 1941 prisoners began working in the Buna-Aussenkommando building the factory. The prisoners had to march every day from the Main Camp to the worksite until October 1941 when IG Farben proposed that they be housed on the site itself. They built barracks and housed 4,000 to 5,000 laborers on site. IG Farben paid the SS a small daily fee for the prisoner. The prisoners were not paid. Some prisoners built underground bunkers, laid cable, carried tree trunks and dug up unexploded bombs or worked on various commandos (work units). Skilled prisoners were also needed: mechanics, mason, carpenters, painter, electricians or welders. Primo Levi partly survived Auschwitz because he was put to work as a chemist at an indoor job at Buna. Between 23,000 and 40,000 prisoners may have died in the camp of malnutrition, overwork, disease and work accidents. Those who could no longer work were selected for the gas chambers in Birkenau. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAuschwitz II, also known as Birkenau, had the largest total prisoner population. It was divided into more than a dozen sections separated by electronic barbed wire fences, and was patrolled by SS guards. The camp included sections for women, men, a family camp for Roma, and a family camp for Jewish families deported from the Theresienstadt ghetto. Auschwitz-Birkenau also contained the facilities for a killing center. It played a central role in the German plan to kill the Jews of Europe. Near Birkenau, the SS initially converted two farmhouses for use as gas chambers. “Provisional” gas chamber I went into operation in January 1942 and was later dismantled. “Provisional” gas chamber II operated from June 1942 through the fall of 1944. The SS judged these facilities to be inadequate for the scale of gassing they planned at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Four large crematorium buildings were constructed between March and June 1943. Each had three components: a disrobing area, a large gas chamber and crematorium ovens. The SS continued gassing operations at Auschwitz-Birkenau until November 1944.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTo assist in managing the large communities within concentration or labor camps, German authorities installed a hierarchy of administrative units under their control. A kapo was a prisoner in a concentration camp who was assigned by the SS guards to supervise forced labor or carry out administrative tasks in the camp. Kapos were generally criminals. The kapo system minimized costs by allowing the camps to function with fewer SS personnel. It was designed to turn victim against victim, as the kapos were pitted against their fellow prisoners in order to maintain the favor of their SS guards. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEstablished on March 22, 1933, Dachau was the first concentration camp established by the Nazi regime. It was located in southern Germany near the town of Dachau, about 10 miles northwest of Munich. Over 188,000 prisoners passed through Dachau between 1933 and 1945. Prisoners at Dachau were used as forced laborers and tens of thousands were literally worked to death. American troops liberated the camp on April 29, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLandsberg am Lech (or simply “Landsberg”) is a town in southwest Bavaria, Germany, about 40 miles (65 km) west of Munich. It housed the second largest displaced persons camp in the American Zone. It was founded in April 1945 in former military barracks. From October 1945, Landsberg functioned as an exclusively Jewish Camp. The population of 5,000 Jewish DPs was chiefly comprised of Russian, Latvian, and Lithuanian survivors. The town is also noted for the prison where Adolf Hitler was imprisoned in 1924. During his imprisonment he wrote his book Mein Kampf. His cell, number 7, was a place of pilgrimage for fervent Nazis during the Nazi era.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKaufering concentration camps was a system of 11 subcamps of the Dachau concentration camp. The camps were located around the towns Lansberg am Lech and Kaufering in the German state of Bavaria. The camps operated from June 1944 to April 1945.The Jewish prisoners deported to Kaufering were to build massive underground bunkers for construction of aircrafts that would not be vulnerable to Allied bombing as other German factories had been. The United States Army captured the area before aircraft production could begin. About half of Kaufering’s 30,000 prisoners died from hunger, disease, execution or during death marches.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCzechoslovakia is the common reference for the Czechoslovak Republic, a state that was established by the Versailles Treaty in 1918 from several provinces after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian state at the end of World War I. After the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, Germany demanded the “return” of the Sudetenland—a border area of Czechoslovakia where 3 million ethnic Germans lived, which had been taken away from Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I. In late summer 1938, Hitler threatened war unless the area was ceded to Germany. At the same time, Hungary annexed territory in southern Slovakia and Poland annexed part of Silesia. In an effort to ensure peace, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact on September 30, 1938, which gave the Sudetenland to Hitler. In the wake of the Munich Pact, the leaders of the democratic government in Czechoslovakia resigned. The state restructured itself into an authoritarian regime and was renamed Czecho-Slovakia. External demands on its territory continued to plague the state, however. Encouraged by Germany, Hungary annexed territory in southern Slovakia in the autumn of 1938 and Poland annexed the Tešin District of Czech Silesia. Then on March 15, 1939, Germany invaded and occupied the Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia. The Germans split what remained of Czechoslovakia into Slovakia (an independent state with a fascist, authoritarian regime that allied with Germany) and the rest was merged into the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the Greater German Reich. Two months later, in May, Hungary seized and annexed Subcarpathian Rus. In just two decades, Czechoslovakia had disappeared from the map.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) worked to provide humanitarian aid on all five continents during World War II. The ICRC worked to provided major relief efforts to the civilians whose lives were disrupted and displaced by the war. They also set up central information agencies for the prisoners of war. They tried to visit concentration camps with no success until the war was ending. In the years after the war, the ICRC publicly expressed regret its failures in dealing with the Nazi persecution and genocide.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBulovka Hospital is one of the largest teaching hospitals in Prague, Czech Republic. It is affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Greek Civil War occurred between 1943-1949 between the Kingdom of Greece and the Communist Party of Greece. The Kingdom was supported by the United States and the United Kingdom, while Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union supported the Communist Party. The power vacuum created by the fall of the Axis power after World War II lead to a polarization of left and right ideologies. Eventually, the Greek government won against the Communist forces. The victory was seen as a Cold War victory against the Soviet Union.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA designated time or requirement after which a person or people need to remain in their home.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry S. Truman (1884-1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953, succeeding upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt after serving as the 34th vice president. He implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, and established the Truman Doctrine and NATO to contain Communist expansion. He proposed numerous liberal domestic reforms, but few were enacted by the Conservative Coalition that dominated Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBulgaria strove to remain neutral when World War II started in 1939. They managed to dance that fine line it until March 1, 1941 when Germany forced the issue and marched into their country and Bulgaria “joined” the Axis powers. Thereafter, the government enacted the Bulgarian version of the Nuremberg Laws restricting Jews from voting, working for the government, serving in the army, marrying Bulgarians, using Bulgarian names, or owning rural land. While it is true that Bulgarian government, people and Bulgarian Orthodox Church refused to give up Bulgarian Jews to the Germans for deportation and murder, they did intern the Jewish men in 112 work camps around Bulgaria. New documentation that has come to light in recent years shows that these work camps were quite harsh. The Jews worked on road and railway construction and other heavy labor projects. The conditions in the camps were terrible: there was hunger, brutal labor, lack of clothing against the cold, and beatings. But they did not kill them. On the other hand, the Bulgarian government did hand over to the Germans nearly 14,000 Jews who lived in Bulgarian-occupied territories in Greece and Yugoslavia. They were sent to Treblinka and murdered.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Axis powers invaded Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941, and Yugoslavia surrendered on April 17, 1941. The Axis powers dismembered Yugoslavia, exploiting ethnic tension to reinforce new territorial boundaries. Germany and Italy divided Croatia into zones of influence, in which each stationed troops. Split, Yugoslavia was initially in the Italian-occupied zone. After the Italian government surrendered to the Allies in September of 1943, the Germans occupied the former Italian zone of Yugoslavia. On September 28, 1943, all Jewish adult men remaining in Split were interned, and, eventually, they were deported to Sajmište, where they were all murdered. In March 1944, 300 women and children were deported from Split to Jasenovac, where they died. Sajmište and Jasenovac were extermination camps established in the Independent State of Croatia, a puppet state of Nazi Germany, which was controlled by the governing fascist Ustaše movement in part of Yugoslavia during World War II. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter World War II, the Yugoslav Union was reestablished under Communist rule, although the country’s leaders broke with the Soviet Union in 1948. A series of political upheavals and conflicts in the early 1990’s led to the breakup of Yugoslavia in southeastern Europe. The former Communist republic split apart into six separate republics. Nationalism and unresolved ethnic tensions exploded into a series of violent conflicts known as the Bosnian War.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn American consulate provide various services for visiting or resident Americans in a foreign county. Among the services are providing passports and birth registration. They also issue visas to foreign citizens wishing to visit, work or study in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA synagogue is a Jewish house of worship where the congregation meets for religious services and instruction. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShul is a Yiddish word for synagogue that is derived from a German word meaning “school,” and emphasizes the synagogue's role as a place of study.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePurim is a Jewish holiday that commemorates the deliverance of the Jewish people in the ancient Persian Empire from destruction in the wake of a plot by Haman, a story recorded in the Biblical Book of Esther. According to the Book of Esther, Haman planned to kill all the Jews, but Mordecai and his adopted daughter Queen Esther foiled his plans. The day of deliverance became a day of feasting and rejoicing. Some of the customs of Purim include drinking wine, wearing masks and costumes, and public celebration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium served as the home ballpark to the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1966 to 1996. The stadium was built in Downtown Atlanta in what had previously been a residential area and the center of much of Atlanta’s Jewish community from the late nineteenth century through the first half of the twentieth century. The neighborhood was razed in the early 1960s to make way for Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium and its parking lots.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeachtree Street is a well-known street that runs through Atlanta, Georgia. Many of the city’s historic and noted architecture is located on the street. It also the site of annual parades such as the St. Patrick’s Day Parade and Christmas Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/annotation_set/806/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=2910.0,2940.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Sotto, Eliezer [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eliezer shares when he came to the United States and why he came.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=35.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I come to the United States, January 23, 1952. We came to the United States because of the horrible war, World War II.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=35.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"United States","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=35.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growing up in Greece","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=50.0,111.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll tell you the life in my hometown, Salonika, Greece. It was a beautiful country.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=50.0,111.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Salonika, Greece","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II,","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=50.0,111.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Provides names of his siblings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=111.0,188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have four sister and [two] brothers.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=111.0,188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bella Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charlie Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gracia Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greece","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Isaac Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rachel Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sarah Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=111.0,188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Describes how life changed once the war started","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=188.0,266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the war started and the Germans came . . . they told us that the Jewish people have to be . . . separate[d] . . . to live in ghettos.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=188.0,266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ghettos","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=188.0,266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish men being required to register and forced to work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=266.0,326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We stood in line over there and we got registered. When they told, they make us [into] groups. Each group said on Monday morning to be meeting in such a place. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=266.0,326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=266.0,326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Escaping from the force labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=326.0,447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Somehow I managed to escape. There was 20 miles [from] town. Finally, I find . . . the main road. I saw a fireman with a wagon. I beg to climb and come to town.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=326.0,447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"escape","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=326.0,447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eliezer describes being arrested for escaping the forced labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=447.0,594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that was two minutes later they have the two Germans and the two Greek policemen. They come and they grab my hands, put them . . . They took me to {00:08:00} the closest police station. When my mother and my sister said to those people, \"Why do you arrest my son?\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=447.0,594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"arrest","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greek","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jail","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"police","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=447.0,594.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Getting released from jail","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=594.0,620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The one night, one day . . . the guard come and say, you all go home tomorrow. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=594.0,620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced labor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jail","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=594.0,620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community pays ransom to end the forced labor ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=620.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Jewish community asked the Germans, if you . . . can take the sick people and some [of] the bodies.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=620.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced 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I said, well, I don't have no money, but it's not wrong to\nfind out.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3050.0,3194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"desegregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"loan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mortgage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3050.0,3194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eliezer message to his family and others","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3194.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are all human beings and we have to make a better life for everybody.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3194.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hatred","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3194.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Losing his wife, Lucy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3240.0,3326.038"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I regret that I lost my wife, Lucy. That was going, after we came to this country with no language.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3240.0,3326.038"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760/index/51819/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"50th Anniversary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lucy Sotto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/77765/file/164760#t=3240.0,3326.038"}]}]}]}