{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/wm13n21s0x/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Cohn, June and Seymour"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2012-01-24 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Cohn, June (1923-2015) (Interviewee)","Cohn, Seymour (1914-2017) (Interviewee)","Berman, Sandra (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Alabama Jews"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJune and Seymour Cohn were interviewed by Sandra Berman on January 24, 2012 in Selma, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eJune Eagle Cohn was born in 1923 in Selma, Alabama to Louise Rich Eagle and Abe Bernard Eagle. She grew up on Arsenal Street and spent the majority of her life in Selma. Her father owned Eagle’s Department Store and Boston Bargain on Broad Street in Selma. June graduated from high school in 1941 and went on to attend St. Stephen’s College in Columbia, Missouri and Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. After attending LSU, June worked in New York City for six months before moving back to Selma. She married Seymour Cohn (1914-2017) in 1946 and gave birth to their only child Rick in 1948. June opened the Young Sophisticate Shop on the second floor of Eagle’s Department Store in the early 1960s, which sold clothing and goods for teenage girls. June and Seymour opened Eagle World Travel in the early 1970s and ran it for 16 years until their retirement. She was interested in women’s fashion her entire life. June was a member of the Selma branch of the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW). She and her husband were active members of Temple Mishkan Israel throughout their lives. June passed away in December 2015. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eSeymour Cohn was born on December 16, 1914 in Atlanta, Georgia into an Orthodox Jewish family. Seymour came to Selma in 1941 for basic training at Craig Field after he enlisted in the United States Army Air Force. He also attended the United States Army Officer Candidate School. He served in North Africa and Italy during World War II as the ground commander of an Army Air Force airborne squadron and rose to the rank of major. After the war, he returned to Selma and married June Eagle (1923-2015) in 1946. The future couple met in 1941 at a Temple Mishkan Israel Friday night service in Selma. Their son Rick was born in 1948. Seymour took over his wife’s family business, Eagle’s Department Store, following the death of his father-in-law Abe Bernard Eagle in 1952. After selling the store, he ran Eagle World Travel with his wife, June. Seymour retired in 1993. During his retirement, he was an active volunteer in many organizations across Selma, including the Selma Dallas County Public Library, Vaughan Regional Medical Center, Sturtevant Hall, and the Selma Food Bank and its Meals on Wheels program. Seymour received many community awards during his later years. In 1993, he was named the Senior Citizen Volunteer of the Year by the State of Alabama and in 2005 was named Citizen of the Year by the Selma Rotary Club. Seymour also received the Golden Deeds Award from the Exchange Club and the Certificate of Life Membership from the Salvation Army. He was the Grand Marshall for the 2013 Selma-Dallas County Christmas Parade. Seymour had a passion for golf. He was an active member of Temple Mishkan Israel and was regarded as the unofficial “rabbi” of the congregation. He often conducted funerals for the congregation. He was featured in the 2016 book If I Live to Be 100: The Wisdom of Centenarians. Seymour passed away on November 24, 2017 in Manchester, Vermont where he had been living in a nursing home since May 2016 after the death of his wife June the previous December.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eIn their interview, June and Seymour reflect on their lives in Selma, Alabama. June discusses her family’s businesses in Selma, Eagle’s Department Store and Boston Bargain. She recalls her experiences growing up Jewish in Selma. She shares the story of how she met her husband Seymour in 1941. June mentions the six months she worked in New York City and her eventual return to Selma. She reflects on her relationship with the African American hired help who worked in the Cohn’s home, her memories of the civil rights movement, and provides her thoughts on the lasting legacy of racism and civil rights in Selma. She closes her portion of the interview with a brief discussion of her involvement in Selma’s Council of Jewish Women and the future of Selma and its Jewish community. Seymour describes his experiences serving in the Army Air Force in Italy and North Africa during World War II. He recounts his childhood and family’s history in Atlanta, Georgia. He talks about his time running Eagle’s Department Store and Eagle World Travel. He discusses antisemitism and his struggle to be accepted as a member of the local country club. Seymour reflects on racism in Selma, the local White Citizens’ Council, and boycotts of the family store. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29017"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Cohn, June Eagle, 1923-2015 (personal name)","Berman, Sandra Katz (personal name)","Gumbiner, Joseph H. (Joseph Henry), 1906-1993 (personal name)","Winger, Debra, 1955- (personal name)","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968 (personal name)","Cohn, Seymour, 1914-2017 (personal name)","Eagle, Abe Bernard, 1887-1953 (personal name)","Eagle, Louise Rich, 1887-1987 (personal name)","Esther and Herbert Taylor Family Foundation (corporate name)","William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum (corporate name)","Eagle's Department Store, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","Boston Bargain, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","Temple Mishkan Israel, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","Craig Air Force Base (Ala.) (corporate name)","Stephen's College, Columbia (Mo.) (corporate name)","Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (La.) (corporate name)","Adam Hats, Co., New York (N.Y.) (corporate name)","Barton's Department Store, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","National Guard Association of the United States (corporate name)","National Council of Jewish Women (corporate name)","Israel (corporate name)","United States Army Officer Candidate School (corporate name)","Piedmont Hospital, Atlanta (Ga.) (corporate name)","YMCA of the USA (corporate name)","Progressive Club, Atlanta (Ga.) (corporate name)","Mayfair Club, Atlanta (Ga.) (corporate name)","Standard Club, Atlanta (Ga.) (corporate name)","Montag Brothers, Inc., Atlanta (Ga.) (corporate name)","Delta Air Lines (corporate name)","White Citizens' Council, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- ) (corporate name)","Meals on Wheels Association of America (corporate name)","Nashville (Tenn.) (geographic term)","Selma (Ala.) (geographic term)","Atlanta (Ga.) (geographic term)","Montgomery (Ala.) (geographic term)","Birmingham (Ala.) (geographic term)","Memphis (Tenn.) (geographic term)","Baton Rouge (La.) (geographic term)","Sicily (Italy) (geographic term)","Corsica (France) (geographic term)","Sardinia (Italy) (geographic term)","Pisa (Italy) (geographic term)","Kansas City (Mo.) (geographic term)","Eagle World Travel, Selma (Ala.) (corporate name)","Confirmation (Jewish rite) (topical term)","High Holy Days (topical term)","Lighting candles on the Sabbath (topical term)","Hebrew school (topical term)","Passover (topical term)","Seder (topical term)","An Officer and A Gentleman (1982) (topical term)","Falcon, Montgomery (Ala.) (topical term)","Ballyhoo, Atlanta (Ga.) (topical term)","Matzo (topical term)","The Help (2009) (topical term)","Jim Crow Laws (topical term)","Yeshiva (topical term)","Yarmulke (topical term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","Zionism (topical term)","Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (Fighter plane) (topical term)","Antisemitism (topical term)","Blackballing (topical term)","World War II, 1939-1945 (named event)","Great Depression (named event)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJune and Seymour Cohn were interviewed by Sandra Berman on January 24, 2012 in Selma, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune Eagle Cohn was born in 1923 in Selma, Alabama to Louise Rich Eagle and Abe Bernard Eagle. She grew up on Arsenal Street and spent the majority of her life in Selma. Her father owned Eagle\u0026rsquo;s Department Store and Boston Bargain on Broad Street in Selma. June graduated from high school in 1941 and went on to attend St. Stephen\u0026rsquo;s College in Columbia, Missouri and Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. After attending LSU, June worked in New York City for six months before moving back to Selma. She married Seymour Cohn (1914-2017) in 1946 and gave birth to their only child Rick in 1948. June opened the Young Sophisticate Shop on the second floor of Eagle\u0026rsquo;s Department Store in the early 1960s, which sold clothing and goods for teenage girls. June and Seymour opened Eagle World Travel in the early 1970s and ran it for 16 years until their retirement. She was interested in women\u0026rsquo;s fashion her entire life. June was a member of the Selma branch of the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW). She and her husband were active members of Temple Mishkan Israel throughout their lives. June passed away in December 2015.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeymour Cohn was born on December 16, 1914 in Atlanta, Georgia into an Orthodox Jewish family. Seymour came to Selma in 1941 for basic training at Craig Field after he enlisted in the United States Army Air Force. He also attended the United States Army Officer Candidate School. He served in North Africa and Italy during World War II as the ground commander of an Army Air Force airborne squadron and rose to the rank of major. After the war, he returned to Selma and married June Eagle (1923-2015) in 1946. The future couple met in 1941 at a Temple Mishkan Israel Friday night service in Selma. Their son Rick was born in 1948. Seymour took over his wife\u0026rsquo;s family business, Eagle\u0026rsquo;s Department Store, following the death of his father-in-law Abe Bernard Eagle in 1952. After selling the store, he ran Eagle World Travel with his wife, June. Seymour retired in 1993. During his retirement, he was an active volunteer in many organizations across Selma, including the Selma Dallas County Public Library, Vaughan Regional Medical Center, Sturtevant Hall, and the Selma Food Bank and its Meals on Wheels program. Seymour received many community awards during his later years. In 1993, he was named the Senior Citizen Volunteer of the Year by the State of Alabama and in 2005 was named Citizen of the Year by the Selma Rotary Club. Seymour also received the Golden Deeds Award from the Exchange Club and the Certificate of Life Membership from the Salvation Army. He was the Grand Marshall for the 2013 Selma-Dallas County Christmas Parade. Seymour had a passion for golf. He was an active member of Temple Mishkan Israel and was regarded as the unofficial \u0026ldquo;rabbi\u0026rdquo; of the congregation. He often conducted funerals for the congregation. He was featured in the 2016 book If I Live to Be 100: The Wisdom of Centenarians. Seymour passed away on November 24, 2017 in Manchester, Vermont where he had been living in a nursing home since May 2016 after the death of his wife June the previous December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn their interview, June and Seymour reflect on their lives in Selma, Alabama. June discusses her family\u0026rsquo;s businesses in Selma, Eagle\u0026rsquo;s Department Store and Boston Bargain. She recalls her experiences growing up Jewish in Selma. She shares the story of how she met her husband Seymour in 1941. June mentions the six months she worked in New York City and her eventual return to Selma. She reflects on her relationship with the African American hired help who worked in the Cohn\u0026rsquo;s home, her memories of the civil rights movement, and provides her thoughts on the lasting legacy of racism and civil rights in Selma. She closes her portion of the interview with a brief discussion of her involvement in Selma\u0026rsquo;s Council of Jewish Women and the future of Selma and its Jewish community. Seymour describes his experiences serving in the Army Air Force in Italy and North Africa during World War II. He recounts his childhood and family\u0026rsquo;s history in Atlanta, Georgia. He talks about his time running Eagle\u0026rsquo;s Department Store and Eagle World Travel. He discusses antisemitism and his struggle to be accepted as a member of the local country club. Seymour reflects on racism in Selma, the local White Citizens\u0026rsquo; Council, and boycotts of the family store.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/172/902/small/Cohn_JuneandSeymour.mp4_1672440469.jpg?1672440471","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Cohn__June_and_Seymour.mp4"]},"duration":2679.29598,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/172/902/small/Cohn_JuneandSeymour.mp4_1672440469.jpg?1672440471","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/172/902/original/Cohn__June_and_Seymour.mp4?1672440463","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2679.29598,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Cohn, June and Seymour [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is January 24th, 2012, and I am with June Cohn, who has agreed to\nparticipate with the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project of the\nWilliam Breman Jewish Heritage and Holocaust Museum. We are in Selma, Alabama.\nMy name is Sandra Berman and I'm the archivist with the museum. I'm very\nappreciative that you've agreed to participate in our project, even though\nyou've been interviewed 20 times before. I'd like to begin with your beginning,\nreally. I'd ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like to ask you why and how your family arrived in Selma.\n\nJ. COHN: My father . . . my grandfather arrived in Selma, and he opened a\nbusiness in 1885. And then, of course, my father was born here. My mother came\nfrom Nashville [Tennessee]. And we just . . . I don't know how they migrated to\nSelma, except they had a cousin in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mississippi, and I think he got them to come\ndown south like this.\n\nBERMAN: Were they from Germany, Eastern Europe?\n\nJ. COHN: Austria, I think.\n\nBERMAN: And what was your . . . what were your parents' names?\n\nJ. COHN: My father's name was Abe Bernard Eagle. My mother's name was Louise Rich.\n\nBERMAN: And what was the business that they started here?\n\nJ. COHN: Called Eagle's Department Store.\n\nBERMAN: General merchandise?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes. We had two stores, one called Eagle's and one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called Boston\nBargain across the street from each other.\n\nBERMAN: Did they compete?\n\nJ. COHN: Not really. But they did have some duplicate . . . one was more like a\nhardware store. The other one was a better . . . more ready-to-wear.\n\nBERMAN: Ready-to-wear. Did you work in the store growing up?\n\nJ. COHN: Not growing up, I didn't. I played around there when I wanted\nsomething. But no, I didn't start working ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there until . . . I opened a teen shop\nupstairs in the store when my son was about 13. And that was when I really\nstarted working at Eagle's.\n\nBERMAN: Tell me about Selma. First of all, what year were you born?\n\nJ. COHN: 1923.\n\nBERMAN: Selma in 1923, about how many Jewish families were here?\n\nJ. COHN: To tell you the truth I don't remember. But there were a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lot. There\nwere a lot. I had four in my confirmation class and that was a big class. Then\nyou get an idea about how many were here.\n\nBERMAN: And how active were you and your family within the synagogue?\n\nJ. COHN: We were very active.\n\nBERMAN: Was it an important part of your life?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes. My mother sang in the choir. We had a choir and mother sang in the\nchoir and she was the pillar of the church. The doors didn't open unless my\nmother was there.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you go to services on every . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . Friday night . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . Friday night?\n\nJ. COHN: No, I didn't go every Friday night.\n\nBERMAN: Who was the rabbi?\n\nJ. COHN: When I grew up . . . I was confirmed by Rabbi [Joseph H.] Gumbiner, who\nmarched here in 1965 and got thrown in jail. I really don't remember. There was\na . . . that was not the first rabbi here. There was one named ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx . . . what\nwas the first rabbi? I don't remember.\n\nBERMAN: But Rabbi Gumbiner?\n\nJ. COHN: Gumbiner.\n\nBERMAN: He was the rabbi that . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . confirmed me . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . was there when you were confirmed?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: What was his first name? Do you remember?\n\nJ. COHN: No. He was moved to California.\n\nBERMAN: As you were growing up, how important was Judaism within your own home?\nDid you celebrate the holidays?\n\nJ. COHN: We [lit] the candles on Friday nights. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother insisted we'd [lit]\nthe candles. And we went to Sunday school, and we went to temple and whatever\nactivity they had at the temple we attended.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have celebrations within your own home like Passover?\n\nJ. COHN: No.\n\nBERMAN: No Seder?\n\nJ. COHN: No. We had those down here [at the temple]. We had fun Seders. Right,\nJerry [Siegel]?\n\nBERMAN: Was it always a community Seder?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Who ran the Seder?\n\nJ. COHN: Different women were in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"charge of the food and the rabbi. In those days\nwe had a rabbi and had the Seder. Everybody brought something up. It was nice.\nWe had crowds. A lot of Christians would love to come to the Seder.\n\nBERMAN: Really?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, yes. They liked the food. They thought it was a real party. They\nenjoyed it.\n\nBERMAN: Growing up here in Selma, did you ever feel that you were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a separate\npart of the community being Jewish?\n\nJ. COHN: I didn't. I'm sure there were some animosity toward me, but I never\nfelt and I never was left out of anything. I had many Christian friends. In\nfact, I have very few Jewish friends. I went to this church, and they came to\nmine and we were just mixed up.\n\nBERMAN: Were you involved with this in the social ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scene with clubs and country club?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes. I remember when I got grown, I went away to school and I never\nreally came back to live in Selma until recently, until later years.\n\nBERMAN: You went off? I didn't realize that.\n\nJ. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: You went off to school.\n\nJ. COHN: I went to college, and I have a younger brother who also went to\ncollege, so we were not here.\n\nBERMAN: When did you graduate high school?\n\nJ. COHN: 1941.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then you went to college? And when did you come back to Selma?\n\nJ. COHN: After we were married. After I was married for a year, we moved back to Selma.\n\nBERMAN: What year was that?\n\nJ. COHN: Let's see. Rick was born in 1946 . . . no Rick was born in [19]48. We\nmarried in 1946. About 1947.\n\nBERMAN: And you . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . we lived in Atlanta [Georgia] for a year.\n\nBERMAN: You were here then. You were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only gone for that short period . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . that's right . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . of time that you were . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . yes, except the months I was in college.\n\nBERMAN: And what did you and your husband do? What was your line . . .\n\nJ. COHN: We came back to Selma because my father was ill, and Seymour ran the business.\n\nBERMAN: Both stores still in business?\n\nJ. COHN: No. Both those were in business. But he only ran one and my cousin ran\nthe other. He was also back here helping with the business.\n\nBERMAN: And which one did he run?\n\nJ. COHN: He ran the one called Boston Bargain, and Seymour ran the one called Eagle's.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was it like back then with all those Jewish merchants all lining\nthe street?\n\nJ. COHN: A lot of competition. But it didn't matter. We were all good friends.\nThere was enough business to go around. Nobody suffered. I don't remember much\nabout the Depression. I was too young. I don't remember that.\n\nBERMAN: What about the war years?\n\nJ. COHN: The war years were wonderful. We had a great time during the war. We\nhad a big air force base ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here. That's where I met Seymour. He had been in\ntemple, and he was hitchhiking back to Craig Field. And I had a car and I picked\nhim up and took him back out to Craig. And that's how we came acquainted. Y'all\nhave heard that story.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever see the movie The Officer and a Gentleman?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Was that your story?\n\nJ. COHN: Similar.\n\nBERMAN: You're Debra Winger?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to talk a little bit about just being in that whole atmosphere of\nthe Jewish business and the Saturday afternoon when all the people would come in\nfrom the countryside. What was it like? What was a typical day like?\n\nJ. COHN: To me it wasn't . . . I don't know, because I didn't stay down there\nwhen I was young. I didn't start ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until I was older. It was busy. Saturday was\nthe big day. And I assume that everybody was busy, but I never stayed down\nthere. I did something else on Saturday.\n\nBERMAN: Was there . . . did your father extend credit?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, sure. We had charged accounts, if that's what you mean.\n\nBERMAN: Right. It was. And were there . . . a lot of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"early store owners . .\n. some of the store owners . . . really helped within the community when during\nrough times when people couldn't pay. I was wondering if you have any\nrecollection of stories about that, about how the Jewish merchants or your\nfather in particular was active?\n\nJ. COHN: I don't think we ever had that problem. Did we see merchant people that\ncouldn't pay?\n\nBERMAN: Not merchant people who couldn't pay . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . no . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . I mean, the customers.\n\nJ. COHN: No, I don't remember that. I don't think we ever had that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem. I\nguess they didn't come in if they didn't have any money.\n\nBERMAN: What about you yourself? Did you ever attend any kind of . . . or was\nyour family worried being in such a small Jewish community that perhaps you\nwouldn't meet somebody Jewish?\n\nJ. COHN: I'm sure they liked it that I did, but my brother did not marry anybody\nJewish, so I don't think . . . it would hurt them for a little while. My mother,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly, not my father, he wouldn't care. But no, I don't think . . . it\nnever was really discussed.\n\nBERMAN: Did you attend any of the regional Jewish . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . no . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . parties like Falcon or Jubilee?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, yes.\n\nBERMAN: Or Ballyhoo? Which ones did you go to?\n\nJ. COHN: I just went to the Falcon because that one . . . and Jubilee once. One\nwas Montgomery, one was Birmingham.\n\nBERMAN: Right.\n\nJ. COHN: But not Jubilee, that was Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: No, Ballyhoo was Atlanta.\n\nJ. COHN: Ballyhoo was Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tell me about those dances.\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, that's so long ago.\n\nBERMAN: But it's a fun subject.\n\nJ. COHN: I remember picking out clothes to wear. That much I remember. I\nremember my date. One of them was from Memphis. I don't remember that much about\nit other than it was fun. It was something to look forward to because we didn't\nhave much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish connections in Selma.\n\nBERMAN: What did you do for your socialization?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, we had a good social life, but it wasn't with Jews.\n\nBERMAN: What did you do?\n\nJ. COHN: Football games or jamborees. This was when I was in high school.\nParties. We have a nice time. I affiliated with some of the churches, and they\nalways had parties. It was fun.\n\nBERMAN: What was a jamboree like?\n\nJ. COHN: You ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mean the one in Birmingham?\n\nBERMAN: No. Jamboree. You said you went to. . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . oh, they were . . . right after a football game. They'd have a\nloud band, maybe. Then you dance and you'd see all your friends from high\nschool. It was a good time. We had a good time.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you go to college?\n\nJ. COHN: Stephen's College in Columbia, Missouri. And then I went to\nNorthwestern and ended up in LSU [Louisiana State University].\n\nBERMAN: What's your degree?\n\nJ. COHN: No ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"degree. Sociability.\n\nBERMAN: Why did you come back to Selma after college?\n\nJ. COHN: I didn't stay in Selma very long after college. I came home for a few\nmonths, and I went to work in New York City. And I had a boyfriend who was\nstationed up in upstate New York, and he dared me to come to New York and get a\njob. And I did. And my parents let me, which I was surprised. And I lived with a\ngirl from Nashville and had a wonderful time ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in New York. That was really nice.\n\nBERMAN: How long were you in New York?\n\nJ. COHN: Six months. I had a job in the Executive Office of Adam Hats on\nBleecker Street. I rode the subway to work every day, and I was very dumb. And\nthey loved me at that job because I had that Southern accent and they never had\nseen a Southern Jew before and they wanted to show me matzos. And I was there\nduring Passover. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And . . . I let it on. I made it worse. I had a good time. I\nhad a good life.\n\nBERMAN: Why only six months?\n\nJ. COHN: My roommate got sick, and she had to go home. And by then different\nones were coming home from overseas, so I came home. They were waiting for all\nthe boys to come home.\n\nBERMAN: I want to hear more about how being in New York and laying it on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thick\nthat you were . . . what was the reaction about Southern Jews? What did they\nthink? Did they think that . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . I don't know what they thought. I know they thought we were\nnon-existent. They didn't realize that there were any Jews in the South because\nthis was New York City. Bleecker Street. I don't know really what they thought,\nbut they certainly treated me very well because I was a real ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dumb worker. I got\npaid $22.50 a week. I think my father said, \"You can either eat or sleep on your salary.\"\n\nBERMAN: Did he subsidize you?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes, he said it's just cheap to keep you in New York as it is in\ncollege, so you might as well go to New York.\n\nBERMAN: That's great. You came back here, you met your husband.\n\nJ. COHN: He came home by then. He came home ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then. And that was the end of the\nplaying around.\n\nBERMAN: What year were you married?\n\nJ. COHN: I was 22 years old. I married . . . what year did we marry? 1946.\n\nBERMAN: Here in the synagogue, in this temple?\n\nJ. COHN: No, we married downtown in a restaurant. No, we married in my uncle's\nhouse, and we had the reception downtown.\n\nBERMAN: That's great. And your husband worked in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"store. You were at home.\nDid you have help in the house?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, yes.\n\nBERMAN: What was the relationship between . . . did you read the book The Help?\n\nJ. COHN: I did.\n\nBERMAN: Can you . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . yes, I could, certainly. My friend, she didn't like that because\nI said, \"We were like that.\" It was. We did. I remember we had an outside\nbathroom and they said, \"Oh, it never was like that.\" I said, \"Y'all are\nmistaken. It was. It certainly was.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They exaggerate it, believe me, they\nexaggerate. But it was a different world. We certainly didn't mix socially. We\nhad lots of help. We had babysitters and you didn't have to pay them much. It\nwas great. It was easy living.\n\nBERMAN: Was there anybody that you especially got close to who worked with for\nyou for a long time?\n\nJ. COHN: Oh, yes. Maid I have now I've had for over 30 years. She's a member of\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family. And I had a cook . . . was like a member of the family. Yes. They\nwere really old friends. We didn't think of them as help.\n\nBERMAN: Do you find the relationship very much different now between the white\nand Jewish community and the African American community than early on?\n\nJ. COHN: Not for us. I don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we always got along with them. But it's not\nthe same as it used to be. But as far as my family, those idiots. Not much\ndifference. I just don't see them that much.\n\nBERMAN: How do you see Selma having changed in the last, let's say . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . oh, gracious.\n\nBERMAN: Can you describe some of those changes?\n\nJ. COHN: You ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can just look downtown and see all the Jewish merchants are gone.\nThat's the biggest change. And I know that the Jews miss them, but so do the\nothers all miss the Jewish merchants. That's the biggest change. And then . . .\nI would say there's more racial feelings now than there was back then, really.\nBecause they didn't try to mix like they do now. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived . . . in Selma they\nall lived all through where we live. But it's different now.\n\nBERMAN: When you say more intense racial feelings, on the part of who? Everyone?\nOr . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . no, just a certain group. You have some of the diehards who are\nnever going to give up thinking that they're better than those blacks. They're\nnever going to. For instance, like the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country club, they'll never get into the\ncountry club. Not in my day. They just won't be accepted. They just won't be\nable to get in. However, things are better for them now than they used to be.\nThey really are. They live a better life.\n\nBERMAN: I didn't want to ask any questions that you've been asked again and\nagain, and I didn't want to ask ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything that might make you uncomfortable. I\nwas wondering if you would all be willing to talk about the . . . how the Jewish\nmerchants handled being both . . . trying to follow the laws, which were, the\nJim Crow laws existed all through the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South and also at the same time being\nboycotted. They were damned if they did and damned if they didn't. And they were\nkind of caught in the middle. And I've discussed . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . we were boycotted. And I don't know that it had affected us so\nmuch. People were not afraid to come down. You hear such stories. They were\nafraid to come downtown and all that. They may ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been at the very beginning,\nbut that soon wore off. They were very nice. Most of these people, they came\ndown. In fact, Seymour used to . . . we used to see Martin Luther King all the\ntime. I used to walk behind him. They came from these yeshivas and all from New\nYork, and they all had on the yarmulkes, and they always marched in front of our\nstore. Now there's a Jewish store across the street called Barton's. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally,\nSeymour went out one day and he said, \"Now, look, you've been giving me your\nbusiness the whole time since you've been here. Go across the street in front of\nmy competitors.\" They started marching across the street.\n\nBERMAN: That's a great story.\n\nJ. COHN: And it's a good story.\n\nBERMAN: Yes, it's a really good story. Were you ever afraid yourself?\n\nJ. COHN: No. Lots of people ask me that . . . I had friends who would call. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No.\nI was afraid one time the day of the [indistinct: 20:33: possibly 'false']\nmarch. My brother was here from California, and he really went crazy. And he\nleft me in the car downtown where they were all gathering. And he got out and\ntook his car keys and I was stuck in that car. And I wasn't too happy then\nbecause . . . but there were so many police and National Guard folks around and\nnobody was going to bother me. No. I was not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"afraid. There was not much. They\ncamped on the street. That was pretty bad.\n\nBERMAN: Was the business affected greatly?\n\nJ. COHN: Yes. The business was affected. Was it affected greatly? Was the\nbusiness affected greatly? Yes. We lost money . . . no, not really.\n\nBERMAN: After all the marching . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . hullabaloo . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . and everything was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over, did things return sort of to normal in Selma?\n\nJ. COHN: I guess they did. As normal as they could. I don't know exactly what\nwas normal, but no, I guess it had an effect forever. Because after that the\nstores closed. We lost Craig Air Force Base and that was a blow. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And different\nthings happened, and it just went down.\n\nBERMAN: When did you close?\n\nJ. COHN: In 1972 or [19]73. We closed Eagle's Store, and we opened a travel\nagency and we stayed in that for 16 years. And that was a fun business. A man\ncame in one day and wanted to sell us something. And Seymour says, \"I'll sell\nyou ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something.\" He says, \"You want to buy the agency?\" The man says, \"Name me\nyour price.\" And he bought it that [day]. And I worked for him for a year, but I\nwas miserable. Seymour wasn't there, but I was miserable because I wasn't the\nboss anymore.\n\nBERMAN: That's hard to . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . yes . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . hard to change.\n\nJ. COHN: I only stayed there a year. We've both been retired now since about 1991.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you see the future of Selma?\n\nJ. COHN: We now have a movie theater, which we just got. That's a big\nimprovement. I hope it's going to grow, but I don't know the possibilities of\nit. I'm old now. I don't care whether it grows or not. It makes no difference to\nme. My son's not ever coming back ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here.\n\nBERMAN: What do you feel about this building and about the synagogue?\n\nJ. COHN: This is a beautiful old building, and I hate to see it fall apart. But\nthere's no reason to keep spending money on it because there's never going to be\nany big Jewish population here again.\n\nBERMAN: Yes. Was there a sisterhood or any kind of lay . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . we had a Council of Jewish Women [NCJW]. Oh, yes, very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"active.\n\nBERMAN: Can you tell us a little bit about that and what your activities were?\n\nJ. COHN: We met every month. We had projects. We did the audiometer in the\ngrammar schools. We had a soup kitchen that we did for poor kids over in another\nschool. We had several things we did for the community.\n\nBERMAN: This was a Reform congregation. How do the congregants ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feel about the\nstate of Israel? Were they Zionist or not?\n\nJ. COHN: I don't know what the congregation is.\n\nBERMAN: But back in . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . I would say, no, they're not Zionists.\n\nBERMAN: Back when the state of Israel was being founded . . .\n\nJ. COHN: I don't know.\n\nBERMAN: Okay. Is there anything that I've missed that you'd like to touch upon?\n\nJ. COHN: No.\n\nBERMAN: Since you've done this 20 times?\n\nJ. COHN: That's enough.\n\nBERMAN: Okay then, we'll conclude. Thank you.\n\nJ. COHN: Thank you for coming this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"afternoon.\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nS. COHN: Good evening.\n\nBERMAN: Good evening.\n\nS. COHN: I like your smile.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you. Today is Jan 24, 2012. I am in Selma, Alabama, with Seymour\nCohn, who's agreed to participate in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History\nProject of the William Breman Jewish Heritage and Holocaust Museum. My name ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is\nSandra Berman, and I am the archivist with the museum, and I want to thank you\nso much for participating in our project.\n\nS. COHN: Don't thank me. We've gone to hell. We haven't got but seven people in service.\n\nBERMAN: I know.\n\nS. COHN: We had 17 Jewish stores.\n\nBERMAN: 17?\n\nS. COHN: Seventeen Jewish merchants and one by one we dropped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out.\n\nJ. COHN: We ain't gotten that far yet.\n\nBERMAN: When were you born?\n\nS. COHN: 1875.\n\nBERMAN: No, I know that's not true.\n\nS. COHN: 1914.\n\nBERMAN: 1914. How did your family come to Selma?\n\nS. COHN: My family didn't come to Selma.\n\nBERMAN: When did you come to Selma?\n\nS. COHN: I came to Selma because I came to Craig Field.\n\nBERMAN: Right.\n\nS. COHN: I enlisted in the Air Force, and I had a good deal and went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"OCS [The\nUnited States Army Officer Candidate School]. But my commanding officer [CO]\nsaid, \"You are too good to be an enlisted man. I'm want you to go to OCS.\" And\nwe had 53 people that took the exam. Three of us passed. Now the reason I think\nI passed is one of the colonels that interviewed me said, \"Why does your\ngrandfather come to America?\" And I said, \"Colonel, I cannot tell ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you. I don't\nknow how he came, but thank God, he made it.\" And I went to OCS and got to be a\nsecond lieutenant and went from one squadron to another and I ended up in Baton\nRouge [Louisiana]. And from Baton Rouge I went to North Africa. And worked a\nwhole deal in North Africa. And then went to Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, and\nended ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up in Pisa [Italy]. I had a P-47 outfit and I was second in command. I\ndidn't fly, but I took care of the whole thing. My CO said, \"I don't wanna do\nanything but fly. You take care of the whole deal.\" Now we had two master\nsergeants that were geniuses. They could do anything that came down the pike.\nAnd they did it. And I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"told enlisted men, \"We're not going to have any\ndiscrepancy religious-wise. You are going to be yours and I'm going to be mine.\nI'm Jewish. Come to me if you need me.\" And I had a little trouble. Somebody got\ndrunk, and I had to bust him . . . staff sergeant. And we had . . . took over a\nwarehouse, furniture warehouse in Pisa. And we had a good ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bar, and we had a\nJewish guy run down some rum and got in with some girls who were in the whiskey\nbusiness. Brought back anything we wanted. And we sent a truck out every two\ndays, Tuesdays and Saturdays. And it got so popular. We had American music. We\nhad an orchestra in Pisa, and they played all kinds of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"music, and we had the\ncooks that made prizes with spam and God knows what else. Toothpaste, washrags,\nand towels, and soap.\n\nJ. COHN: I think I need to do a film.\n\nS. COHN: I know, but . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . It's okay.\n\nS. COHN: I mean, it played such an important part in my life, and I went up the\nladder from major and took over ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as acting. I was not the CO, but I had\neverything but fine. And then I got my order to go home. And my CO said, \"I'm\nnot going to let you sign. You're going to be with me.\" I said, \"No I'm not.\"\nAnd I walked the streets of Naples [Italy] for 30 days. And I couldn't get\norders to go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home. And I asked, \"Who gives you orders?\" [They] said, \"Go see\nthat redheaded fella in the replacement depot.\" And I went down there, and he\nsaid, \"You got a redheaded sister who lives in Atlanta?\" I said, \"Yes.\" He said,\n\"I took her to a dance at the Congressional Club.\"\n\nBERMAN: Oh, my gosh.\n\nS. COHN: His name was Selmont. And I got on the plane to fly back. And we went\nfrom one thing to another, and I ended ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up in North Carolina and got discharged\nfrom there.\n\nBERMAN: When were you at Crag?\n\nS. COHN: I was Craig from 1941 to [19]42. Yes.\n\nBERMAN: And you met June when you were at Craig?\n\nS. COHN: It didn't mean anything. She took me back to Craig Field.\n\nBERMAN: How did you end up getting married?\n\nS. COHN: I was too old for her.\n\nBERMAN: Then how did you end up meeting again?\n\nJ. COHN: I picked him up.\n\nS. COHN: Craig Field was an important part of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my . . . and she picked me up. And\nwhen I came back from service, I came back to Craig Field.\n\nBERMAN: Why did you . . . where were you from originally?\n\nS. COHN: Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: You grew up in Atlanta?\n\nS. COHN: Yes. I was born on the Southside, Piedmont Hospital, and it was the\nJewish, part of Atlanta. A lot of Jews. And ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on Friday afternoon, everybody was\ngoing. And we would take it to one, to this one and to that one they would send\nto my house. And Saturday afternoon, we worked through the picture show. They\nhad westerns. And that's why we went, for ten cents.\n\nBERMAN: And your family was members of the Progressive ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Club?\n\nS. COHN: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: And the Mayfair Club?\n\nS. COHN: Not the Mayfair. Mayfair was a different progressive club with\ndifferent standards. Standard Club was generally the German Jews.\n\nBERMAN: What line of work was your father in in Atlanta?\n\nS. COHN: My father was in the wholesale candy business and then went into the\nwholesale whiskey . . . smoking business cigars and cigarettes.\n\nBERMAN: What was the name of his business?\n\nS. COHN: Cohn ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brothers. There were three brothers. That was it.\n\nBERMAN: What were the brothers' names?\n\nS. COHN: Abe, Gabe and Ben, and Jake.\n\nBERMAN: Four brothers.\n\nS. COHN: My father was a big shot. Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Let's start talking about Selma now. You came back after the war. You\nmarried June, and you started working in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her father's business.\n\nS. COHN: For a year, I didn't do anything. I went from pillar to post. I was\nwith a big paper outfit in Atlanta. Montag Brothers. I don't think they're there.\n\nBERMAN: No, but I know all about Montag.\n\nS. COHN: Yes. Anyway, I went to them and told them, \"I worked for seven years. I\nnever had a vacation. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want to go to Florida for a week and I want you to pay\nme what you owe me.\" And he said, \"We'll give you a month.\" And I said, \"You\nS.O.B. you can go to hell.\" And I walked out. I never went back.\n\nBERMAN: Blue Horse.\n\nS. COHN: Blue Horse.\n\nBERMAN: And then you came to Selma.\n\nS. COHN: Yes. June's father was ill, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I came to Selma.\n\nBERMAN: Did you like the retail business?\n\nS. COHN: Actually, I didn't.\n\nBERMAN: You didn't?\n\nS. COHN: But I took it up. I had to.\n\nBERMAN: What didn't you like about it?\n\nS. COHN: I just didn't like the retail business. We had a tremendous stock of\nlady's shoes, men's shoes, work clothes, piece goods, big . . . it was a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business . . . and it took off when . . . we had upstairs and we made it into a\njunior's shop and the kids flocked there and they would tell June, \"Friday\nafternoon, I want my picture to be in 'girl of the week.'\" And June was the big\nshot of that. I mean, she's just basically like you wouldn't believe. Then the\nkids ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would . . . the girls . . . and they would go up and say, if you want that\npants and shoe or you want a dress and June says, \"You could have it. You could\nhave it.\" Oh my, put it back. And then the balance sheet went over like gangbusters.\n\nJ. COHN: We sold bathing suits in December.\n\nS. COHN: It was unbelievable how they took all. And it was because June told\nthem, \"I want it.\"\n\nJ. COHN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now they have grandchildren.\n\nS. COHN: It was a good business.\n\nBERMAN: Do you wish you had done something different?\n\nS. COHN: Yes. But I didn't have anything. Particularly, I didn't want to be in\nthe retail business. But when we sold out, we got two men from Kansas City\n[Missouri]. They were professionals and they sold us out in eight ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weeks, and\nthey told us how much we would spend, advertisements, radio . . . so much. And\nthey hit it right on the nose. And we . . . I was playing golf at the country\nclub and my buddies said, \"Seymour, I got to sell, Selma, keep my place in\nMontgomery.\" And I said, \"Well, if you go sell, sell to me.\" And ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he did. And we\nwent to work and learned the business.\n\nBERMAN: The travel business.\n\nS. COHN: And we went to Atlanta for a week and stayed with Delta [Air Lines].\nDelta taught us, and we came back to work, and we had a good business for a\nlittle, short outfit. We did a million and a quarter million.\n\nBERMAN: Wow.\n\nS. COHN: And we kept it for 16 years. And anybody that would want a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ticket,\n\"Call me. I'll deliver it to you.\" I had all the businesses in town. Country\nclub, civic club, all kinds, anything. \"Call me.\" And it is just . . . June was\na natural. I stayed with the business. And we had it good.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you enjoy living . . . growing up in Atlanta, which was a bigger\ncity, did you enjoy living in Selma?\n\nS. COHN: What?\n\nBERMAN: Did you enjoy living in Selma? Did you like the city?\n\nS. COHN: It was easier. Much easier. Yes. I had pressure when I was put up for\nmembership in the country club and it took me three times to get ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in.\n\nBERMAN: Why?\n\nS. COHN: Because it was a bunch that hated Jews.\n\nJ. COHN: They didn't hate the Jews. They hated my father.\n\nS. COHN: Yes. But I didn't get in until . . . I did pass the board. And then I\nserved on the board for two terms.\n\nBERMAN: Why did they hate June's father?\n\nJ. COHN: Because of some insurance deal.\n\nS. COHN: Because they had a run in.\n\nJ. COHN: He didn't take out business with them. He didn't give them his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business.\n\nBERMAN: Did you think it was because you were Jewish or did you know what was .\n. .\n\nS. COHN: . . . I knew what it was. I went out there on Sunday morning to the pro\nshop and the guys would sit there and the pros said to him, \"You so-and-so, you\nblackballed this fellow because he's Jewish.\" And they blackballed my way three\ntimes. Finally, one of the fellows went out there and said, \"You so-and-so. I'll\ntake you out one at a time, all three of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you. And I'll beat the living hell out\nof you.\" Says this boy, \"I could get a giraffe in before I could get him in.\"\nAnd it finally passed.\n\nBERMAN: Did you feel welcome when you got there? Was it a problem?\n\nS. COHN: I had a problem because at that time, I was not a member. I couldn't\nplay at the country club. We had another golf course. I played there.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you ever feel, other than that, as an outsider here in Selma?\n\nS. COHN: I felt as an outsider because I was blackballed, and we couldn't go to\nthe country club, and it irked the hell out of me. I couldn't stand the fact\nthat these guys blackballed me.\n\nJ. COHN: Of course, that was many, many years ago.\n\nS. COHN: And June's partner was a dance instructor and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she was a dance\ninstructor, too. And they taught together, and she shares everything, I think,\nto June about it.\n\nBERMAN: Once you got in, did you . . . were you able to become friendly with\nsome of these people?\n\nS. COHN: I was friendly with all of them. I mean, except a handful . . . of\nwhich had blackballed me. But aside from that, no problem. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I took a little .\n. . worked at the 'Y,' called basketball games. And Paul Griff was a big boy at\nthe 'Y' and I got in with Paul and he says, \"If you want to work at the 'Y,' you\ncan work at the 'Y.'\" No problem.\n\nBERMAN: When the community started ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to . . . during the late fifties and early\nsixties, when the community started to feel the pressure of integration, how did\nthat affect your business?\n\nS. COHN: Oh, we had a lot of blacks and lot of them dropped out. Didn't come\ninto Eagle's. Eventually it just worked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out. We got integration and that was it.\n\nBERMAN: Were you boycotted? Your store?\n\nS. COHN: Yes. Some of them boycotted us.\n\nBERMAN: Was there picketing?\n\nS. COHN: Yes. They walked . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . that's when Seymour . . .\n\nS. COHN: . . . not much.\n\nBERMAN: Did you know people that were in the White Citizens' Councils?\n\nS. COHN: I did. As a matter of fact, one of the fellows was Jewish and he said,\n\"Seymour, don't you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"join. You let me take care of it and I'll handle it.\" And he\ndid. And I had no trouble from then.\n\nBERMAN: It must have been such a difficult line to walk.\n\nS. COHN: We walked it. Nobody bothered us. We knew a lot of them, said, \"Mr.\nCohn, hello.\" Go on the other way.\n\nBERMAN: Did Selma have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much [Ku Klux] Klan activity when you were here?\n\nS. COHN: White Citizens' Council. Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Was it the same as the Klan, the White Citizen Councils?\n\nJ. COHN: They kind of copied itself from the Klan. But it wasn't nearly as\nsevere as it. But it never did . . . it never did much.\n\nS. COHN: No.\n\nJ. COHN: White Citizens' Council.\n\nS. COHN: No.\n\nJ. COHN: It petered out.\n\nS. COHN: You got some of them today. \"Damn ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"niggers.\"\n\nBERMAN: When you were . . .\n\nS. COHN: . . . I mean, I hate to hear them say that.\n\nBERMAN: I know what you meant. I knew what you meant. But thank you for\nclarifying for the tape. You have one . . . how many children do you have?\n\nS. COHN: One.\n\nBERMAN: One. Was he in school when all this was going on?\n\nJ. COHN: No. He graduated . . .\n\nS. COHN: . . . yes . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . the year they had the march. 1966, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he graduated. He did not begin\nto the integration at all.\n\nBERMAN: I was just wondering if there was a lot of private schools that started\nto . . .\n\nJ. COHN: . . . not then.\n\nBERMAN: Looking back, have you been happy that you've lived in Selma all these years?\n\nS. COHN: [indistinct: 43.52] A lot of it's my fault. I wanted to do things and I\ncan't find ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. I would like to work . . . I worked at the hospital, work at\nthe library, work at Meals on Wheels. I would like to . . . I need a couple of\ndays more. I might find them, I don't know. I don't think I'll work at a dog hospital.\n\nBERMAN: Good.\n\nS. COHN: [indistinct: 44.21-25].\n\nJ. COHN: He's a good [indistinct: 44.26].\n\nS. COHN: Don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/transcript/41122/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bark.\n\nBERMAN: On that note, I think we can conclude. Thank you very much. I appreciate it.\n\nS. COHN: I don't know how much good . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2670.0,2700.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJune Eagle Cohn (1923-2015) was born and raised in Selma, Alabama and lived there for most of her life. Her family owned Eagle’s Department Store on Broad Street. She married Seymour Cohn in 1946 and had their son Rick in 1948. June opened the Young Sophisticate Shop on the second floor of Eagle’s Department Store in the early 1960s, which sold clothing and goods for teenage girls. June and Seymour opened Eagle World Travel in the early 1970s and ran it for 16 years until their retirement. June was a member of the Selma branch of the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW). She and her husband were active members of Temple Mishkan Israel throughout their lives.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Esther and Herbert Taylor Family Foundation supports The Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection at the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History at the Breman Museum in Atlanta, which consists of a thousand oral histories that document Jewish life in Georgia and Alabama. The foundation was founded in 1983 and is administered by the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. This interview of with June and Seymour Cohn is one of those transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSelma is a small city and county seat of Dallas County, Alabama, United States. Selma is famous for its role in the civil rights movement during the 1960s, particularly in the context of the Selma to Montgomery marches in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSandra Katz \"Sandy\" Berman is an American archivist. A native of Cleveland, Ohio, she was the founding archivist of the Cleveland Jewish Archives. She later moved to Atlanta, Georgia, and in 1985 became the founding archivist of the Ida Pearle and Joseph Cuba Archives for Southern Jewish History at the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. During her 28-year tenure at the Breman, she co-curated multiple exhibitions and expanded the scope of the museum to include collections from Jewish communities throughout Georgia and surrounding states. She is the interviewer for many of the oral histories that can be found in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNashville is the capital city of the state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County. It is the fourth-most populous city in the southeastern United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEagle’s Department Store was a general merchandise store located on Broad Street in Selma, Alabama. It was founded by Abe Bernard Eagle and remained in business until the early 1960s. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoston Bargain was a hardware store located on Broad Street in Selma, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation is a coming-of-age ritual that originated in the Reform movement, which scorned the idea that at 13 years of age a child was an adult. They replaced bar and bat mitzvah with a confirmation ceremony at about age 16 to 18. In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue and child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Mishkan Israel is a temple located on Broad Street in Selma, Alabama. The congregation was founded in 1870 to accommodate the growing number of Jewish immigrants in Selma. Construction of the temple began in 1899. Prior to then, the congregation worshiped and held gatherings in temporary locations, including in members’ private homes and a rented Episcopal church building. The synagogue was consecrated in February 1900. It reached peak its membership in 1940 with 104 families. Membership has been in decline ever since. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joseph H. Gumbiner (1906-1993) was the rabbi at Temple Mishkan Israel in Selma for eight years during the 1930s. He was born in Pittsfield, Illinois and was ordained in 1931 at the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he earned a doctorate. Gumbiner was well-known for his work as a civil rights activist. During his time with Congregation Mishkan Israel, he spoke out against the injustices of the Scottsboro Boys trial and was reprimanded by some members of the congregation. He was arrested in Jackson, Mississippi in 1961 for attempting to sit with a mixed-race group at a coffee shop. He participated in the 1965 Selma to Montgomery march led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Gumbiner was also arrested for leading a demonstration in front of the Mayor Joseph Smitherman’s residence in Selma.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are the two holiest times of the Jewish calendar: Rosh Hashanah (new year) and Yom Kippur (days of atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWomen traditionally do the lighting of the candles on Friday evening before sundown to usher in the Sabbath. After lighting the candles, the woman waves her hands over them, covers her eyes and recites a blessing: “Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to light Shabbat candles.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school can be either the Jewish equivalent of Sunday school (an educational regimen separate from secular education, focusing on topics of Jewish history and learning the Hebrew language), or a primary, secondary, or college level educational institution where some or all of the classes are taught in Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePesach [Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzo, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSeder [Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold seder on both the first two nights of Passover. The seder incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta is the capital and most populous city of the state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County and the eighth-most populous city in the southeastern United States. As of 2012, the Atlanta metro’s Jewish population is the ninth largest in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries, it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCraig Field was built by the United States Army Air Force in 1940 near Selma, Alabama as an undergraduate pilot training (UPT) camp. Over 9,000 pilots received training at Craig by the end of World War II in 1945. It was renamed Craig Air Force Base in 1947 when the U.S. Air Force was established as a separate service. Since the base closed in 1977, it has been used as a civil airport.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 romantic drama film starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger, and Louis Gossett, Jr. Gere plays Zack Mayo, who is beginning training at Aviation Officer Training School. During his training, Zack meets his first true girlfriend Paula (played by Winger), a young “townie.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDebra Winger (1955-Present) is an American actress best known for her roles in An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), Terms of Endearment (1983), and Shadowlands (1993). She was born into an Orthodox Jewish family.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn annual summer weekend gathering for German-Jewish singles in Montgomery, Alabama before World War II. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBallyhoo was the name of a social party for upper-middle class Reform Jewish young adults (high school to college age) held annually in Atlanta, Georgia. The event attracted young people from all over the Southeast to meet boys and girls from other cities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMontgomery is the capital city of the state of Alabama and the seat of Montgomery County. It is the second-most populous city in Alabama. The city was a major center of the civil rights movement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBirmingham is the seat of Jefferson County and the third-most populous city in the state of Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMemphis is the seat of Shelby County, the second-most populous city in the state of Tennessee, and the fifth-most populous city in the southeastern United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStephen’s College is a private women’s liberal arts college in Columbia, Missouri. Founded in 1833, it is the second-oldest women’s educational establishment that is still a women’s college in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Northwestern” could refer to either Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois or Northwestern State University of Louisiana in Natchitoches, Louisiana. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisiana State University (LSU) is a public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York is the largest city in the United States and a major cultural and financial center. It has been home to a large and vibrant Jewish community since the nineteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdam Hats Corporation was an American manufacturer and retailer of hats. It was founded in 1924 by Elias Lustig and at its peak had 97 retail stores in operation across the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMatzo, or matzah, is an unleavened flatbread that is part of Jewish cuisine and forms an integral element of the Passover festival.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Help is a 2011 period drama film based on Kathryn Stockett’s 2009 novel of the same name. The film and the novel recount the story of Eugenia “Skeeter” Phelan, a young white woman and aspiring journalist in Jackson, Mississippi in 1963 and her relationship with two black maids, Aibileen Clark and Minnie Jackson. In an attempt to become a legitimate journalist and writer, Skeeter decides to write a book from the point of view of the maids, exposing the racism they face as they work for white families. Black domestic workers in the mid-twentieth century were referred to as “the help.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. The name seems to have originated in the song “Jump Jim Crow,” a song-and-dance caricature of Blacks performed by white actor Thomas D. Rice in Blackface in 1832. As a result of Rice’s fame, “Jim Crow” became a pejorative expression meaning “Negro” by 1838 and the later segregation laws became known as “Jim Crow” laws. Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly “separate but equal” status for Black Americans, although in reality this was not so. Some examples of Jim Crow laws are the segregation of public schools, places, and public transportation and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants and drinking fountains for whites and Blacks. Private businesses, political parties, and unions created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring Blacks from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. In the middle twentieth century, the Supreme Court began to overturn Jim Crow laws on constitutional grounds. Rosa Parks defied the Jim Crow laws when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man, which became a catalyst to the Civil Rights movement. Her actions, and the demonstrations that followed, led to a series of legislative and court decisions that contributed to undermining the Jim Crow system. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 officially ended Jim Crow segregation laws.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) is best known for his role as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs. A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia, in 1962, and organized nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, that attracted national attention following television news coverage of the brutal police response. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous \"I Have a Dream\" speech. On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. In 1965, he and the SCLC helped to organize the Selma to Montgomery marches and the following year, he took the movement north to Chicago to work on segregated housing. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many United States’ cities. King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a United States federal holiday in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYeshiva [Hebrew: sitting] is a Jewish educational institution for religious instruction that is equivalent to high school. It also refers to a Talmudic college for unmarried male students from their teenage years to their early twenties.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish men cover their heads during prayer with a small skullcap called a yarmulke (Yiddish) or kippah (Hebrew). Orthodox Jewish men wear it at all times to remind themselves of God’s presence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarton’s Department Store located in Selma, Alabama was founded in 1923 by Morris (Moshe) Barton.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Guard is a state-based military force that becomes part of the reserve components of the United States Army and the United States Air Force when activated for federal missions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) is an organization of volunteers and advocates, founded in the 1890s, who turn progressive ideals in advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsrael, a Middle Eastern country on the Mediterranean Sea, is regarded by Jews, Christians, and Muslims as the biblical Holy Land. Its most sacred sites are in Jerusalem. In 1948, David Ben-Gurion, the head of the Jewish Agency, declared “the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as The State of Israel.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a movement which supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened, and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSeymour Cohn (1914-2017) was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in Atlanta, Georgia. He came to Selma, Alabama in 1941 to train at Craig Field and met his future wife June Eagle at a Friday night service at Temple Mishkan Israel. Seymour served in North Africa and Italy during World War II as a ground commander of an Army Air Force airborne squadron and rose to the rank of major. He married June and returned to Selma in 1946. Their son Rick was born in 1948. He ran Eagle’s Department Store and later Eagle World Travel until his retirement in the early 1990s. In his retirement, he spent much of his time volunteering and was widely recognized in the local community for his work. He passed away in 2017 at the age of 102.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe US Army established Officer Candidate Schools (OCS) beginning in 1941 as a means of generating large numbers of junior officers. OCS courses were designed to train, assess, evaluate, and develop civilians and enlisted personnel for commission as officers. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBaton Rouge is the capital city of the state of Louisiana and the parish seat of East Baton Rouge Parish. It is the second-most populous city in Louisiana after New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSicily is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 20 regions of Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCorsica is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 20 regions of Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePisa is a city and comune in Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Republic P-47 Thunderbolt is a World War II-era fighter aircraft produced by the American company Republic aviation from 1941 through 1945. It was a successful high-altitude fighter and it also served as the foremost American fighter-bomber in the ground-attack role. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNaples is the third-largest city in Italy and the regional capital of Campania. The city sustained severe damage from Allied bombing campaigns during their invasion of Italy in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Atlanta Hospital was founded in 1906 as the Piedmont Sanitarium. Today (2021) it is a 643-bed, non-profit hospital located on Peachtree Road in Buckhead.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Progressive Club was a Jewish social organization in Atlanta, Georgia. It was established in 1913 by Russian Jews who felt unwelcome at the Standard Club, where German Jews were predominant. At first the club was located in a rented house until a new club was built on Pryor Street including a swimming pool and a gym. In 1940 the club opened a larger facility at 1050 Techwood Drive in Midtown with three swimming pools, tennis, and softball. In 1976 the club moved north to 1160 Moore’s Mill Road near Interstate 75. The property was eventually sold to the YMCA as the club faced financial challenges. The Carl E. Sanders Family YMCA at Buckhead, which stands on the former site of the Progressive Club, opened in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Mayfair Club was a Jewish social club that was located on Spring Street in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a Jewish social club that started as the “Concordia Association” in 1867 in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905, it was reorganized as the “Standard Club” and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near the site of Center Parc Credit Union Stadium (formerly Turner Field). In the late 1920s the club moved to Ponce de Leon Avenue in Midtown Atlanta. Later, the club moved to what is now the Lenox Park business park and was located there until 1983. In the 1980s, the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMontag Brothers, Inc. was established in 1896 in Atlanta by brothers Sigmund, Adolph, William, Edward, and Ludwig Montag. It became one of the leaders in the stationery industry and the largest stationery and school supply manufacturer and distributor in the Southeast. The company was well-known for marketing their “Blue Horse” school supplies with an annual contest for students to receive prizes by saving wrappers with the “Blue Horse” logo. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Montag Brothers’ Blue Horse trademark rode across the South into thousands of classrooms on the front of writing tablets, composition books and looseleaf filler packets for close to 40 years. A marketing promotion launched shortly after the Great Depression to boost lagging sales proved to be a winner for the small stationery and school supply company. Millions of trademarks from Blue Horse products were cut, collected and redeemed for cash and prizes, and by 1950, Montag was one of the largest companies in the industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKansas City is the largest city in the state of Missouri by both population and area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/84520/file/172902/annotation_set/954/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDelta Air Lines is one of the major airlines of the United States and a legacy carrier. 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