{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/w66930pk1h/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Grollman, Jody"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2017-06-20 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Ida Pearle and Joseph Cuba Archives for Southern Jewish History","William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman interviewed by Noah Levine on June 20, 2017 in Bainbridge, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman was born in Bainbridge, Georgia, on January 11, 1947, to Rosalie Gold and Joseph Milton Grollman.  His father was born in Bainbridge in 1908.  His family came to the United States from Lithuania.  Jody’s grandmother was from the Kline family.  They came to Bainbridge in 1907.  Six or seven siblings in that family were merchants in Bainbridge.  Jody’s grandfather peddled his wares and eventually opened his own retail and shoe business in 1912, known as Grollman’s Department Store. The shop remained in business for 79 years. Jody has many family members buried in the Jewish cemetery in Bainbridge, Oak City Cemetery.  Jody has one sister and one brother, who live in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJody’s family were members of Temple Beth-El, a Reform congregation, where he attended Sunday school.  He was confirmed, but he did not have a bar mitzvah.  He went to Bainbridge High School and the University of Georgia.  After graduating, he returned to Bainbridge and worked in the family’s business.  Jody married Paula Putnal in 1971.  Her family had a dress shop in Bainbridge.     \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman talks about growing up in Bainbridge, Georgia.  He talks about his family’s lineage, tracing names and various places.  He tells that his father was born in Bainbridge in 1908.  He recounts that his grandmother had six siblings, each of whom were competing merchants in Bainbridge.  Jody discusses there being a large Jewish population in Bainbridge before his grandparents had arrived, recounting that they had been involved in civic life and governance.  He speaks of Bainbridge having a Jewish mayor 100 years ago and German Jews having started banks.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe talks about Temple Beth-El opening in 1916, where he later attended Sunday school.  He talks about having a wonderful childhood, reminiscing about friends in the neighborhood and riding bikes.  He mentions recognizing differences when other children attended vacation Bible school.  He talks about Reform Judaism in Bainbridge and that no one was bar mitzvah'd.  He talks about attending services on Sunday nights and traveling to neighboring towns for Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJody talks about his father’s longtime friendship with President Jimmy Carter and meeting Middle East leaders through this friendship.  He remembers doing business with various family shoe wholesalers in downtown Atlanta.  He remembers fondly traveling to Atlanta to buy Jewish foods and recalls Gold’s Delicatessen on Peachtree Street.  Jody speaks affectionately about his wife, Paula Putnal.  He reflects on the future of the Jewish community in Bainbridge and interfaith marriages.  \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28449"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Grollman, Jody (personal name)","Bainbridge, Ga (geographic term)","Grollman's Department Store (corporate name)","Grollman's Shoe Store (corporate name)","Bainbridge High School (corporate name)","Temple Beth-El (corporate name)","Tau Epsilon Phi (corporate name)","University Of Southern California (corporate name)","Grollman, Robert (personal name)","Civil Rights Movement (topical term)","Segregation (topical term)","racism (topical term)","Judaism (topical term)","James Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr. (personal name)","Carter, Jimmy (personal name)","North American Federation Of Temple Youth (corporate name)","Shalom Federation Of Temple Youth (corporate name)","Rabbi Edmund A. Landau (personal name)","University Of Georgia (corporate name)","Valdosta State University (corporate name)","Computer Science (topical term)","Gold’s Delicatessen (corporate name)","Atlanta, Ga (chronological term)","Religious Tolerance (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman interviewed by Noah Levine on June 20, 2017 in Bainbridge, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman was born in Bainbridge, Georgia, on January 11, 1947, to Rosalie Gold and Joseph Milton Grollman.  His father was born in Bainbridge in 1908.  His family came to the United States from Lithuania.  Jody’s grandmother was from the Kline family.  They came to Bainbridge in 1907.  Six or seven siblings in that family were merchants in Bainbridge.  Jody’s grandfather peddled his wares and eventually opened his own retail and shoe business in 1912, known as Grollman’s Department Store. The shop remained in business for 79 years. Jody has many family members buried in the Jewish cemetery in Bainbridge, Oak City Cemetery.  Jody has one sister and one brother, who live in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJody’s family were members of Temple Beth-El, a Reform congregation, where he attended Sunday school.  He was confirmed, but he did not have a bar mitzvah.  He went to Bainbridge High School and the University of Georgia.  After graduating, he returned to Bainbridge and worked in the family’s business.  Jody married Paula Putnal in 1971.  Her family had a dress shop in Bainbridge.     \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJody Grollman talks about growing up in Bainbridge, Georgia.  He talks about his family’s lineage, tracing names and various places.  He tells that his father was born in Bainbridge in 1908.  He recounts that his grandmother had six siblings, each of whom were competing merchants in Bainbridge.  Jody discusses there being a large Jewish population in Bainbridge before his grandparents had arrived, recounting that they had been involved in civic life and governance.  He speaks of Bainbridge having a Jewish mayor 100 years ago and German Jews having started banks.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe talks about Temple Beth-El opening in 1916, where he later attended Sunday school.  He talks about having a wonderful childhood, reminiscing about friends in the neighborhood and riding bikes.  He mentions recognizing differences when other children attended vacation Bible school.  He talks about Reform Judaism in Bainbridge and that no one was bar mitzvah'd.  He talks about attending services on Sunday nights and traveling to neighboring towns for Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJody talks about his father’s longtime friendship with President Jimmy Carter and meeting Middle East leaders through this friendship.  He remembers doing business with various family shoe wholesalers in downtown Atlanta.  He remembers fondly traveling to Atlanta to buy Jewish foods and recalls Gold’s Delicatessen on Peachtree Street.  Jody speaks affectionately about his wife, Paula Putnal.  He reflects on the future of the Jewish community in Bainbridge and interfaith marriages.  \u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/653/small/Jody_Grollman.png?1619298718","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Grollman_Jody.mp4"]},"duration":8405.577,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/653/small/Jody_Grollman.png?1619298718","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/653/original/Grollman_Jody.mp4?1613490708","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":8405.577,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Grollman_Jody [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Good morning. This is Noah Levine with the Jewish Community Legacy\nProject. I'm here with Jody Grollman on Tuesday, June 20, 2017. The interview is\ntaking place at the Bainbridge Chamber of Commerce, 100 Boat Basin Circle in\nBainbridge, Georgia. Jody, thank you for agreeing to participate in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish\nCommunity Legacy Project and also the Taylor Oral History Project at The Breman\nMuseum in Atlanta, Georgia. Are we ready to begin?\n\nGROLLMAN: Ready.\n\nLEVINE: Good. I ask that you try to speak up so that the recording can pick up\nyour voice. What is your name on your birth certificate?\n\nGROLLMAN: It's Joseph Harry Grollman. My grandfather ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was Harry. My father and\nhis grandfather were named Joseph.\n\nLEVINE: What was the date that you were born?\n\nGROLLMAN: January 11, 1947.\n\nLEVINE: What I'd like to do is start with your maternal side. If you could give\nme a brief history of your mother's family, the names, places, and dates, if you remember.\n\nGROLLMAN: My mother [Rosalie Gold] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was born in Niagara Falls, New York, in 1910.\nHer father had emigrated from the Ukraine probably around 1900. He was the first\nof ten siblings to come over to the United States. Subsequently, he brought the\nrest of them over. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His wife that he had known back in the Ukraine, came over and\nthey were married. He was one of the founders of the Orthodox temple in Niagara\nFalls in the early 1900s.\n\nLEVINE: Did you say what his name was?\n\nGROLLMAN: His name was Edward Gold. That was a shortened name. I'm not sure what\nthe rest of it was, but when he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got to the United States, he was Gold. I don't\nknow that much about my grandmother's side. Her maiden name was [Jennie]\nPolotnik. I don't remember other family members on that side. My mother had one\nsister and two brothers. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The family moved to Los Angeles [California] probably\nabout 1918. My father was going to school there, and that's where they met.\n\nLEVINE: Do you know why your mother's family moved from Niagara Falls to Los Angeles?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. My grandmother went to visit a relative in Los Angeles, and she\nthought the climate was so wonderful compared to Niagara Falls ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that she came\nback and told my grandfather we're moving, and they moved. He had a grocery\nstore in Niagara Falls. I believe when he got to Los Angeles, he did the same.\nThen, probably when he was in his mid-30s, he became a chiropractor.\n\nLEVINE: Do you still have family living in the Los Angeles area?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. My mother's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"youngest brother, who is now 92, lives in the area. I\nhave numerous cousins still living also in the Los Angeles area.\n\nLEVINE: Is your mother alive?\n\nGROLLMAN: My mother died ten years ago in 2007. She was 96.\n\nLEVINE: A good long life. Your father. What is your recollection of your\nfather's family?\n\nGROLLMAN: I would know more about my father's family because they were all in\nthis area. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My grandfather was born in 1877. He was born in Lithuania. My\ngrandmother was born in 1878. She was also born in Lithuania. His father, whose\nname is Joseph Grollman, was known as Reverend Grollman. I never knew that that\nwas a term that applied to Jewish people. Reverend. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I asked someone one time, I\nbelieve it was one of our rabbis. He said, yes, it meant a learned man who\nwasn't a rabbi but knew all the traditions. So, he was known as Reverend\nGrollman. Anyway, my grandfather and grandmother married about 1898 in Baltimore [Maryland].\n\nLEVINE: Do you know how he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decided to come to America?\n\nGROLLMAN: I think it was due to the political climate at the time in Lithuania.\n\nLEVINE: Did any of his family members precede him to America and brought him over?\n\nGROLLMAN: I don't believe so. I think they all came as a family. It was an\nextended family. There were six children. I think he was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"second oldest.\nThere might have been one that was born in the United States. I'm not sure. But\nthere were six of them. Anyway, they did not go to Ellis Island. They went\ndirectly to Baltimore. They were married probably when he was 18-19 years old.\nHow they came to Bainbridge, from what I can ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"put together all these years, is\nthat my grandmother's family, whose maiden name was Klovotsky, when they came to\nthe United States, it was shortened to Kline. She had a large family, and two of\nher brothers came to South Georgia. I don't know why, but I think that maybe one\nof them had married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody from South Georgia whose name was Friedlander.\nThat's all I know. They went to Americus [Georgia] first. They went to Valdosta\n[Georgia]. Then in 1907, and I've researched some of our local papers, they came\nto Bainbridge and bought out a business that was run by a family called\nFingerhut. They are buried in the Jewish cemetery here [Oak City Cemetery].\n\nLEVINE: This is your grandmother and grandfather?\n\nGROLLMAN: Right. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No. I take that back. Her brothers came here first, and they\nbought out Fingerhut. Subsequently, there are two brothers here, and then my\ngrandmother and grandfather came because of her family. Then, two of her sisters\ncame. At one time, there was quite an extended family here on my grandmother's\nside of Kline, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they all competed against one another. They all had a store\nof some kind in the same general area.\n\nLEVINE: Do you know where in Bainbridge they had their stores?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. I know exactly. It was on Water Street, which is where we had our business.\n\nLEVINE: What about the other siblings? Do you know where their businesses were?\n\nGROLLMAN: They were all in the same general area. One of them repaired shoes.\nOne of them had a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dry goods store. His name was Moscovitz. Married to one of my\ngrandmother's sisters. They were all here, five, six siblings in a family. That\nwas a pretty large family in Bainbridge. My grandfather didn't start out in a\nstore. He peddled door-to-door with a horse and buggy. He would go out into the\ncountryside, and he would sell ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his wares.\n\nLEVINE: What wares did he sell?\n\nGROLLMAN: He sold general merchandise, mostly dry goods. He could have sold\nmaybe household utensils of some kind. That is what he did. It's a typical\nstory. He went out. He gave credit. He called on his customers. Then he got a\nsmall building downtown. It was called Grollman's Quality Shop. He had that for\na number of years. Then he moved to a larger building, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was called\nGrollman's Department Store.\n\nLEVINE: Do you have an idea of what dates those were?\n\nGROLLMAN: Grollman's Quality Shop was probably in business from about 1912 to\n1927. Then it became Grollman's Department Store. That was the name until about\n1960 when it became Grollman's Shoe Store. That was in business until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1987.\nActually, there was a Grollmans in Bainbridge for, say, 79 years.\n\nLEVINE: Were these five or six siblings the only Jewish families in Bainbridge\nor were there other Jews?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. Again, I have access. Anyone has access to look up this on the\ninternet. The old Post-Searchlight is our local paper. The archives. It is kind\nof interesting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because for one time for a period every week when the paper came\nout, they would say how many people were in the different churches on Sunday.\nThe Baptist church had 300. The Methodist church had 200. It had Temple Beth-El.\nHow many people were in services? Ninety people.\n\nLEVINE: Really.\n\nGROLLMAN: Ninety people were there.\n\nLEVINE: What year is that?\n\nGROLLMAN: It was probably ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around 1910, 1912. There was a large Jewish population\nhere already before my grandparents came. These were mostly German immigrants.\nThis was before the wave before the Russian immigrants.\n\nLEVINE: Do you know why the German Jews settled here?\n\nGROLLMAN: Here again. One came and some of the family came. They were the\nEhrlichs, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nussbaums, Kwileckis. They were all kind of intermarried back in 1860,\n1870, along there. They were here already. Plus, there were people here. Other\nJewish families were already here. So, there was a large population for a town\nthe size of Bainbridge at that time. And, we had a Jewish mayor back ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"100 years\nago maybe.\n\nLEVINE: What is his name?\n\nGROLLMAN: His last name was Nussbaum, and he was the mayor of Bainbridge. Of\ncourse, the German Jews had started some of the banks. The bank president. One\nof them had been elected as a representative to the Georgia assembly.\nUnfortunately, he died before he took office, but he was elected. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the same\nold story, you have the Russian Jews and you have the German Jews. You know.\n\nLEVINE: Yes.\n\nGROLLMAN: There was a large Jewish population. My father, who was born in\nBainbridge in 1908, remembers going to Sunday school before there was a temple\nbuilt here. That would have been 1912, 1913-14 because our local synagogue had\nnot been built until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1916. They had it upstairs. I think it was an Elks Club at\nthat time. It was just an old building downtown. Mrs. Rosalie Ehrlich, who had\nbeen born a Kwilecki, was the Sunday school teacher. In fact, she taught me at\nSunday school. She was called the boss of the Jews in Bainbridge. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the\ntemple opened in 1916, we still had quite an extensive population of Jewish\npeople in Bainbridge.\n\nLEVINE: Did your mother work or she just took care of the kids?\n\nGROLLMAN: My father, as I mentioned previously, met her in California.\n\nLEVINE: Why was he in California?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: His sister lived in Los Angeles. She had married someone who was in\nthe service. He became a dentist. In their travels, when he got out of the\nservice, he settled in California. My father, who was ten years younger, decided\nto go to USC [University of Southern California] to school out there. So, he\ndid, and that is where he met my mother. My father graduated with a degree in\narchitectural engineering in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1929 from USC. Of course, the [Great] Depression came.\n\nLEVINE: Before that. Go back. How did he meet your mother? Was he set up? Was it\na blind date?\n\nGROLLMAN: A fraternity, sorority thing. He was a TEP [Tau Epsilon Phi]. I'm not\nsure what she was, but they met at USC. That's how that came about. After he\ngraduated, he had a hard time getting a job with the Depression. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He finally got\na job with, I think it was Mobil Oil in the credit department. He did that for a\nwhile. Then in 1938, my grandfather got Parkinson's [disease]. There was no one\nelse to help him run the store, so my father moved back, which my mother always hated.\n\nLEVINE: Really?\n\nGROLLMAN: Culture shock, coming from Los Angeles to Bainbridge, Georgia, in\n1938. He wound up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back here and, of course, stayed until he died in 1993.\n\nLEVINE: Did your mother help out in the store?\n\nGROLLMAN: Not really. She took care of us. She would go in and help during the\nbusy times, but she didn't really work.\n\nLEVINE: It was a culture shock going from a huge city, metropolitan area of Los\nAngeles, to small community Bainbridge.\n\nGROLLMAN: Absolutely.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Was she involved in any community activities?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. She was president of the PTA [Parent-Teacher Association].\n\nLEVINE: At what school?\n\nGROLLMAN: The high school here [Bainbridge High School]. Yes, she was involved\nin the community. We were all Cub Scouts and so forth.\n\nLEVINE: How many children did your parents have?\n\nGROLLMAN: There are three of us. I'm the youngest. I have an older brother and sister.\n\nLEVINE: The oldest, what is his name?\n\nGROLLMAN: The oldest one is my sister. Her name is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Phyllis.\n\nLEVINE: What is her last name?\n\nGROLLMAN: McCabe. My brother is Bob Grollman. He lives in Atlanta\n\nLEVINE: Phyllis was born when?\n\nGROLLMAN: Phyllis was born in 1938 in Los Angeles. Bob was born in Thomasville\n[Georgia]. I was born here.\n\nLEVINE: Why was he born in Thomasville?\n\nGROLLMAN: The doctor was over there.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: What was it like growing up for you in Bainbridge? What are some of your\nmemorable experiences? Was there one elementary and one high school?\n\n[End Video 1]\n\n[Begin Video 2]\n\nGROLLMAN: When I started the first grade, we had a high school, grammar school,\nand an elementary school all combined about a block and a half from my house.\nThat was 1953. The next year in 1954, they built two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elementary schools, so I\nwent there. It was close to my house. It was an Andy Griffith type of childhood.\nWe went all over town. We rode our bikes anywhere we wanted to go. We stayed out\nlate at night, and our parents weren't concerned about us. We didn't lock our\nhouses. We didn't have to be entertained by anything. I remember when we got our\nfirst TV. We thought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was wonderful. We had the antenna. We had the rotor.\nWe had to turn the aerial to get the station. We only had two or three stations.\nI can remember when I was young, before TV, we listened to the radio at night.\nIt was a good childhood.\n\nLEVINE: Any radio shows you remember?\n\nGROLLMAN: Amos 'n' Andy.\n\nLEVINE: Do you remember [Big Jon and] Sparkie?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. I remember Sparkie. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember the The Lone Ranger. During the\nday, we had help at the house, and they would listen to the soap operas on the\nradio. That kind of thing. We were happy. We had a good life.\n\nLEVINE: Were you involved in school or any extracurricular activities growing\nup? Sports or cub scouts or boy scouts?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. I wasn't sports oriented. I was in the cub scouts. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nothing out of\nthe ordinary. I had friends in the neighborhood. There were boys across the\nstreet. We were all friends. We did things together. Of course, at some point,\nthey would go to vacation Bible school. And I'd say, \"What is this vacation\nBible school?\" You got to thinking, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are some differences between you.\n\nLEVINE: Were there racial differences in this community? Was race an issue?\n\nGROLLMAN: Absolutely. My goodness, I never went to school with an\nAfrican-American person until I went to college. I graduated from high school in\n1965. The schools were completely ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"segregated. We didn't know anyone, to speak\nof. They didn't know us. You think about it now, how ridiculous it was. You just\ncan't believe that all the restaurants were segregated. Doctor's offices.\nDrinking fountains. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You just can't imagine that that is the way it was, but\nthat's the way it was. You didn't think anything about it because that's the way\nit was.\n\nLEVINE: Did you have any colored help in the house?\n\nGROLLMAN: Oh yes, and I still talk to her this day. She is 99 years old. She\nlives in Michigan. I call her maybe twice a year.\n\nLEVINE: What is her name?\n\nGROLLMAN: Her name is Effie. Actually, she is the one that raised me. I can\nremember her pushing me in a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stroller down the street. She would come at 7\no'clock in the morning, and she would leave at 7 o'clock in the evening. She\nwould come about six or seven days a week and do everything. All the households\nhad some help. You know, what other jobs were there? It's unfortunate, but\nthat's the way it was.\n\nLEVINE: Were there any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interracial... the schools were segregated, but did you\nhave sporting events or cultural events or was it totally separated?\n\nGROLLMAN: Everything was totally separated. Everything. [Samuel] Marvin Griffin,\nI don't know if you know the name.\n\nLEVINE: No.\n\nGROLLMAN: He was governor of Georgia from 1954 to 1958. He was from Bainbridge.\nHe was a friend of my daddy's. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They graduated from high school together in 1925.\nHe, of course, ran on a segregationist platform. He was the nicest guy you ever\nmet, but... and he would say that was the only way you would get elected in\nGeorgia. That's just the way it was.\n\nLEVINE: Were there any racial ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tensions or racial disturbances growing up that\nyou were aware of? Or did each kept to its own?\n\nGROLLMAN: Each kept to its own. Yes. There were things that went on as far as\nthe police and sheriffs and how people were treated. I guess that was everywhere\nin the South. That's just the way it was.\n\nLEVINE: Where were you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time of the Civil Rights Movement? At home or at college?\n\nGROLLMAN: I was at home.\n\nLEVINE: Do you have any recollections of that?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. Of course, 1963. That was a big year. Civil rights. There was a\ndemonstration. There were marches in Albany, Georgia, which is 60 miles from\nhere. It was very prominent. Martin Luther King [Jr.] came down.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Do you remember seeing him?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. That was when it all started. I can remember this in the 1950s. I\nwas 9, 10, 11 years old. I can remember talk of civil rights. I didn't know what\nit was, but I can remember people talking about civil rights. I asked my father\none time, I said, \"What is all this about civil rights?\" He said, \"Well, it\nmeans ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if somebody comes in the store and wants a job, I have to give it to him.\"\nThat didn't make a lot of sense. I don't know if he knew what he was talking\nabout either. Anyway, that was the talk back then.\n\nLEVINE: Did African-Americans come to your store?\n\nGROLLMAN: Oh, my Gosh. That was 75 percent of our business.\n\nLEVINE: This was your shoe store, correct?\n\nGROLLMAN: It was a department store and shoe store. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I heard the comment more\nthan once, \"Y'all are different than other white people.\"\n\nLEVINE: In what way?\n\nGROLLMAN: We were nice.\n\nLEVINE: And you treated them fairly.\n\nGROLLMAN: We were nice, you know. And they would say that. It's unfortunate that\nthat is the way it was. That the common act of being nice makes you different. I\nmean, just common sense. That's what you do. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I still see a lot of them today\nbecause I worked in the store until 1987.\n\nLEVINE: How old were you when you started?\n\nGROLLMAN: Actually, I started when I was 12 years old. It wasn't a question of,\n\"Do you want to work in the store?\" It was a question of, \"This is Saturday.\nYou're going to work.\" So, every Saturday I worked. I didn't think anything\nabout it because that's what my sister and brother did. That's what you did. You\nworked in the family store. But, I see a lot of the people now, and they say, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I\nknow you. You're the one that had that shoe store. Do you remember me?\" And, you\nknow, most of the time I do remember them.\n\nLEVINE: That's remarkable.\n\nGROLLMAN: That was the majority. Of course, there were no malls. No internet.\nThe town was bustling with stores. That's what people spent their money on. Clothing.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Did you have any friends who were African-American? Or that was\nseparated also?\n\nGROLLMAN: No, I didn't have any because I had no opportunity to have friends\nlike that. There was no common place that we would go or be together, see each\nother, or that kind of thing.\n\nLEVINE: I want to get to your Jewish upbringing, but before I do that, what was\nthe cause of the economic downturn in Bainbridge? And when did that happen?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: I'll tell you, it was very rare for people to go to college years ago.\nIf you went to college, that was unusual. I think with the more education people\nhave and the opportunity to better themselves, they saw that there was no future\nin Bainbridge because there were no jobs here whatsoever. Or, if there were\njobs, they were manufacturing jobs. They made minimum wage. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, it's\nevery parent's dream that their children do better than what they did.\nEspecially among the African-Americans, it was unheard of them to go to college.\nIf they did, they would become a school teacher and they would come back here.\nWith opportunity for more education, people went where the jobs were, and that\nis in the cities. There is nothing here for a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"young person. There used to be a\nbig retail climate in Bainbridge and people would have jobs in retail, but that\nis all gone too. It's just the way it is now.\n\nLEVINE: Tell me what it was like growing up Jewish in your house and the community.\n\nGROLLMAN: I can remember going to Sunday school. I must have been five years\nold. We had maybe 25 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"students. You have to remember, we're in Bainbridge,\nGeorgia, so we go to Sunday school on Sunday. We had services on Sunday night\nbecause we never had an actual rabbi in Bainbridge. They would always come from\nAlbany, Dothan [Alabama], or Tallahassee [Florida]. So, they would come on Sunday.\n\nLEVINE: Because they had their congregation on Shabbos.\n\nGROLLMAN: Right. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To go to temple on Friday night was strange. Or Saturday\nmorning, that was strange. We were like anybody else in town. We went to Sunday\nschool on Sunday morning. We went to services on Sunday night. We had four\ndifferent classes of Sunday school. Ones that were to be confirmed, ones below\nthat, and below that, and the nursery, which ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was in. There were four or five\nof us. I can remember my teacher. Her name was Florine Cohen. She would make us\na Garden of Eden out of modeling clay and that kind of thing. Year to year, we\nwould progress. We were Reform, so nobody was bar mitzvahed here. That was just\nunheard of. Nobody ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wore a yarmulke. We were just as Reform as you could be.\n\nLEVINE: Was there any Hebrew?\n\nGROLLMAN: There was Hebrew. I never learned Hebrew because I was never taught it.\n\nLEVINE: Just the basic, like Sh'ma?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. We would learn that. Sure. In services, the Hebrew was read, and\nthe English translation was read.\n\nLEVINE: What about for Rosh Ha-Shanah ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Yom Kippur? Did you have services?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. We went out of town. We would go to Dothan or Albany. Of course,\nthe stores would close. I can remember going around. My parents would right me a\nnote, \"Please excuse Jody. Tomorrow is a religious holiday.\" We had to take it\nto school and had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the teachers sign it. All the kids would say, \"What's\ngoing on?\" I'd say, \"I'm not going to be in school tomorrow. It's going to be a\nreligious holiday.\" [Kids reply] \"I wish I was you.\" I can remember one\noccasion, there was a young man, probably 16-17 years old. We knew his family\nour whole life. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His mother worked at our store. He went to the store. He came\ndown to buy something, and it was closed. It said, \"Closed for religious\nholiday.\" He went home and asked his mother, \"Why was Grollman's closed?\" She\nsaid, \"They're Jewish, and it's their holiday.\" \"Mr. Grollman is Jewish? He\ntalks like a Baptist. He walks like a Baptist. He even acts like a Baptist. I\ncan't believe he's Jewish.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You were different. The older you got, it was a\nsocial thing because the Methodist church, they had their youth groups and they\nwould do things. The Baptists had their youth groups and they would do their\nthings, like that. As far as discrimination or anything, I'm sure it was there,\nbut I didn't see it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: And your parents never spoke of it?\n\nGROLLMAN: Never spoke of it. My father was president of the Chamber of Commerce\nhere. He was really involved with the Lions Club. In fact, his favorite story\nwas, he was a district governor in 1953. There were four regions in Georgia, so\nhe had 50 clubs under him. He would have to go and visit all of the clubs in a\nyear and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talk to them. One of his clubs was Plains, Georgia. He went to Plains.\nThere was a young man there named Jimmy Carter. He had just joined the Lions\nClub. My father always said, \"I always used to give my motivational speech. I\nsure didn't know I motivated him that much.\" I can ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember early 1960s that we\nwent to Plains because my father had some eyeglasses that were donated. Jimmy\nCarter's job, he was a member of... he wasn't district governor then, but he had\na job to oversee that all the discarded eyeglasses and have them sent where they\ncould be used. We went there to Plains and dropped them off. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jimmy Carter ran\nfor governor in 1966 and lost to Lester Maddox. Then he ran for governor in\n1971. My father kept up with him all those years. In fact, in 1968, he was a\ndistrict governor, and they would have these cabinet meetings in Albany, and\nDaddy would go over there. Jimmy Carter was district governor. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They kind of knew\neach other. When he became President, my father just fell all over himself. He\njust couldn't believe that this man was the president of the United States. One\nSaturday, all the Lions in Georgia went to the White House. Jimmy Carter had a\nreception for him in the White House.\n\n[End Video 2]\n\n[Begin Video 3]\n\nGROLLMAN: I've got all kind of correspondence from Jimmy Carter to my father,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"letters that they had written back and forth before he was president and even\nwhile he was president.\n\nLEVINE: That would be very valuable for the archives\n\nGROLLMAN: I know you know of Stuart Eizenstat.\n\nLEVINE: Yes.\n\nGROLLMAN: I think we've talked about this before. His father, Leo Eizenstat,\nowned a company in Atlanta that sold shoes, and he would call on us. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had\ngiven Stuart a pair of tennis shoes one time. The next time Leo was in the\nstore, he said, \"You know, Stuart was playing with President Carter in the White\nHouse at the tennis courts, and he admired his shoes.\" He said, \"Would you mind\nsending President Carter a pair of those shoes?\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we did. We got a letter,\nprobably from the secretary, but it was signed \"Jimmy Carter.\" It said, \"Thank\nyou for the shoes. They will be handy when I run for re-election next time.\"\n\nLEVINE: Very good. I don't want to lose... Let's continue with Carter and we can\ngo back to the Judaism. Do you have any other recollections or any other\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experiences about President Carter or any other notables?\n\nGROLLMAN: President Carter was out of office. Menachim Begin and, who was it... Sadat?\n\nLEVINE: President Anwar Sadat.\n\nGROLLMAN: ...came to Plains. More of a courtesy visit, but they were both in the\nUnited States at the same time. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My parents went up there. They weren't invited.\nThey just went up there to see Begin get off the helicopter in Plains. They were\nstanding there, and Rosalynn [Carter] saw mom and daddy. She said, \"Oh, I want\nyou to come to the reception.\" She said, \"We'll fix it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that you can get entry\nwith the Secret Service.\" And they did. I have a picture of my mother and father\nand Menachim Begin and President Carter all together. That was interesting.\n\nLEVINE: When your parents died, did President Carter send any condolences?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If he knew it, I would be surprised. All those years, you just\nlose communication, and he was such a busy person.\n\nLEVINE: Yes. What was it like growing up in your house? What was your Jewish\nexperience in your house? Did you celebrate Hanukkah? Passover?\n\nGROLLMAN: We really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't celebrate Hanukkah other than lighting the candles.\nMy grandparents didn't really celebrate, on my father's side, and so we didn't.\nWe, of course, had Passover.\n\nLEVINE: Did relatives who lived in Bainbridge get together for the holidays?\n\nGROLLMAN: By the time I came along, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the relatives were gone from here. The\nones that were here, my grandmother lived here. I had an aunt that lived here.\nEverybody else was gone. We had Passover. The familiar story about Passover, and\nthis was before I was born, we had an army air base here before World War II. We\nhad a lot of servicemen, and a lot of Jewish servicemen ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were in Bainbridge. My\nparents and other people in town reached out to them. They had a community\nseder. They had a local hotel here. Took the matzah balls there. The cooks fried\nthem in lard and served them because they didn't know what to do with them.\nAnother thing I might mention ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that happened, was about 1957. There was a Jewish\nfamily that came to Bainbridge. They were headed to Miami. It was before the\ninterstate. They got south of town here, and they had an automobile accident. It\nwas enough to send them to the hospital. It was a husband and wife. They had two\nsons. Here they are in Bainbridge, Georgia, far from home. They were from\nMilwaukee [Wisconsin]. \"Are there any Jewish people in Bainbridge?\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Yes.\" My\nparents and other people in town went to the hospital. They saw to their needs.\nMade sure they had clothes and so forth. This guy's name was Ed [Edwarde F.]\nPerlson. Apparently, he was editor of the local Jewish paper in Milwaukee. When\nhe got home, he wrote this column. He was syndicated. He said, \"You ought to\nthink about Jewish people in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cities.\" He said, \"But this is what happened to\nus in a small rural town in Georgia about how the Jewish people came and looked\nafter us.\" He said, \"You never would have thought that that could happen.\"\nFriends and relatives of my parents in Los Angeles saw the article because it\nwas syndicated and commented on it. They kept up with us for years, the\nPerlsons. They would come back and communicate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all that time. That happened back\nin the 1950s.\n\nLEVINE: There is a phrase, \"All Jews are responsible one to another.\"\n\nGROLLMAN: Right.\n\nLEVINE: You didn't have a bar mitzvah but you were confirmed?\n\nGROLLMAN: I was confirmed.\n\nLEVINE: And the name of your synagogue?\n\nGROLLMAN: Temple Beth-El.\n\nLEVINE: Were there any activities at the synagogue that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you remember, youth\ngroup activities, family, or communal seders, or speakers?\n\nGROLLMAN: We would have an annual dinner once a year. We would have a speaker\ncome. We always had our Sunday school picnic once a year. There was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"youth\ngroup, of sorts, that was affiliated with SHFTY [Shalom Federation of Temple Youth].\n\nLEVINE: Yes. SHFTY and NFTY [North American Federation of Temple Youth] are all\npart of Reform movement.\n\nGROLLMAN: My brother and some of the others who were his age would go down to\nFlorida or Brunswick [Georgia] or somewhere to a convention. It seems to me that\none time we went somewhere. We went to Atlanta one time, I think, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as part of the\ngroup from Albany. There were so few of us, we didn't have a local chapter.\n\nLEVINE: Is there a Jewish cemetery in Bainbridge?\n\nGROLLMAN: There is a Jewish cemetery.\n\nLEVINE: Is it part of the city cemetery or is it a stand alone?\n\nGROLLMAN: It is stand alone. It was deeded to the temple. Probably about an acre\nor two in size. [It's] maintained ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by Temple Beth-El, adjacent to our local\ncemetery. There is no barrier between the two. The earliest grave is probably\n1870 maybe.\n\nLEVINE: From the German Jewish community?\n\nGROLLMAN: Right. Yes.\n\nLEVINE: Is that where your parents are buried?\n\nGROLLMAN: It's where my parents and my grandparents are buried. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Several aunts\nand uncles are buried there. I'll definitely be buried there. Here, again, there\nare so few of us that what will happen in the future, it will be deeded back to\nthe City of Bainbridge.\n\nLEVINE: So, there is a temple, a cemetery. Were there any other Jewish\ninstitutions? Or is it just the temple and the cemetery?\n\nGROLLMAN: That's all.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: The closest Jewish community to Bainbridge is what? Albany?\n\nGROLLMAN: Actually, Tallahassee, which is only 40 miles. Albany is more like 60.\n\nLEVINE: Dothan. How far...?\n\nGROLLMAN: Dothan is about 60 miles. In my lifetime, most of our rabbis, when I\nwas younger, came from Dothan. Then we started having rabbis ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come from Albany.\nWhen the temple was established, Rabbi [Edmund] Landau was from the temple in\nAlbany. He came to Bainbridge for probably 35-45 years. He would take the train\nand ride to Bainbridge on Saturday night.\n\nLEVINE: Is it Temple Beth-El?\n\nGROLLMAN: Correct.\n\nLEVINE: Did you have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregants just from Bainbridge or were there Jews that\nlived in surrounding towns that came?\n\nGROLLMAN: It would be very rare because most of the people would go to Albany,\nTallahassee, or Dothan rather than come to Bainbridge.\n\nLEVINE: Blakely [Georgia]. There weren't Jews there?\n\nGROLLMAN: There were. The ones in Blakely that I know... when you talk about our\nmutual friend, Richard Smith.\n\nLEVINE: Yes. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From Vidalia [Georgia].\n\nGROLLMAN: His aunt was from Blakely. They went to Dothan.\n\nLEVINE: Chances are... how far is Thomasville from here?\n\nGROLLMAN: Thomasville is only about 35 miles. Thomasville had their own temple\nand the building is still there. Thomasville is like 20,000 and very progressive\nsmall ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"city. I don't know what happened over there because they shut their doors\nyears ago.\n\nLEVINE: When they shut their doors, did any Jews who remained come to Bainbridge?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. There is a temple in Valdosta [Georgia].\n\nLEVINE: Yes, and that is still thriving. But that's a distance from here.\n\nGROLLMAN: Right.\n\nLEVINE: Fitzgerald [Georgia] is still...\n\nGROLLMAN: Right. If people are ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"observant and really want to be part of the\nrituals and everything, they wouldn't come to Bainbridge. They would go to\nFitzgerald or somewhere like that.\n\nLEVINE: Did you know Morris Abraham?\n\nGROLLMAN: I know the name.\n\nLEVINE: But he wasn't involved?\n\nGROLLMAN: No.\n\nLEVINE: You graduated from Bainbridge High School?\n\nGROLLMAN: Correct.\n\nLEVINE: Then you were accepted to the University of Georgia?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes.\n\nLEVINE: Do you remember the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years?\n\nGROLLMAN: I was at the University of Georgia from 1965 to 1967. Then I\ntransferred and came to Valdosta [State University], and I graduated from there.\n\nLEVINE: What was your major?\n\nGROLLMAN: I was a business major.\n\nLEVINE: Did you have any Jewish experiences in any of those schools?\n\nGROLLMAN: When I was at the University of Georgia, I was a [unintelligible]. I\nknew a lot of Jewish people up there. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I still know a few in Atlanta today.\n\nLEVINE: Was it your intention when you would graduate, or your father's\nintention when you would graduate, that you would come back to Bainbridge and\nwork at the store?\n\nGROLLMAN: You never know what's going to happen in life. It was one of those\nthings that kind of fell into place. I had no plans to come to Bainbridge. There\nwere several life-changing events that happened ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 1969. It just fell into\nplace that I went to the store. Married my wife in 1971. She was from\nBainbridge. We just celebrated our 46th anniversary.\n\nLEVINE: Congratulations.\n\nGROLLMAN: Thank you.\n\nLEVINE: Your wife's name is?\n\nGROLLMAN: Her name is Paula.\n\nLEVINE: And her last name?\n\nGROLLMAN: Her last name was Putnal.\n\nLEVINE: How do you spell it?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: P-U-T-N-A-L.\n\nLEVINE: You met her at Bainbridge?\n\nGROLLMAN: At Bainbridge. That's just the way life works out. Her family ran a\nlittle franchise dress shop across from our store. We were just kind of thrown\ntogether on the same street. Here I was, 22. She was 16 years old.\n\nLEVINE: Did you know her before you went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to college?\n\nGROLLMAN: I knew the family. Her family used to shop at the store. Anyway, here\nwe are. I got married. I was 24. She was 18.\n\nLEVINE: What year did you get married?\n\nGROLLMAN: In 1971. People said it would never last, but here we are. She was\nraised Baptist. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A Baptist minister married us. It so happens, he was a friend of\nour family because he had been here for years and years. His daughter was a\nclassmate of mine. We were very good friends. A very nice person. I didn't\nhesitate for him to marry us. We got married in a small hall.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Was there any tension in any part of your family because you married out\nof the faith?\n\nGROLLMAN: None whatsoever.\n\nLEVINE: Was interfaith marriage common?\n\nGROLLMAN: That's all there is in Bainbridge. You live in a small place and this\nis what you've grown up in. That's just the way things are. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think love\ntranscends everything. I can remember my father talking about his older brother\n[who] married out of faith. And, Oh my God, his parents. They wept. They carried\non. They just thought it was the worst thing that ever happen. This was 1922 or 1924.\n\nLEVINE: Did your siblings marry ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of the faith too?\n\nGROLLMAN: My sister did. My brother didn't.\n\nLEVINE: Tell me your wife's name again?\n\nGROLLMAN: Her name is Paula.\n\nLEVINE: Did you and Paula have children?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. We didn't have any children.\n\nLEVINE: Did Paula, when you got married, did she still work at her parent's shop?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. She worked at our store, and she went to school. She got a job at\nthe college when it opened.\n\nLEVINE: What school did she go to?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: She went to our local college, Bainbridge College. Then she went to\nTroy University in Dothan. Then she got a job at...\n\n[End Video 3]\n\n[Begin Video 4]\n\nGROLLMAN: ...at our local college and then worked herself up until she was\nDirector of Business Services at Bainbridge College. She started working there\nwhen she was 21. After 30 years, at 51-52, she retired. She did very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well for herself.\n\nLEVINE: You came back to Bainbridge. You met Paula. You got married. You were\nworking in your dad's store. Did your dad turn the store over to you?\n\nGROLLMAN: More or less.\n\nLEVINE: Or he passed away?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. When I think about it now, it wasn't so much about doing\nbusiness. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was more like it was somewhere for my parents to go every day.\n\nLEVINE: It filled up their life.\n\nGROLLMAN: You know what, my father never sat still for a minute. He could no\nmore just sit at home. He didn't golf.\n\nLEVINE: Did he fish?\n\nGROLLMAN: He didn't fish.\n\nLEVINE: Did he hunt?\n\nGROLLMAN: He didn't hunt. He loved to travel. He was an in-demand speaker. He\nwent around ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"giving speeches.\n\nLEVINE: With the Lions?\n\nGROLLMAN: Not only with the Lions. He was an MC [master of ceremonies]. He would\ngo around and do beauty contests for different towns around here, whether it was\nAlbany, Thomasville. He would be the MC. He would tell the jokes. He would sing.\nHe would dance. He was an entertainer. That's what he enjoyed doing. We had this\nbusiness. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They had somewhere to get up and go every morning. They would come,\nand some of the people would come and talk to them. It was good days.\n\nLEVINE: It went from Grollman's Department Store to Grollman's Shoe Store?\n\nGROLLMAN: Correct.\n\nLEVINE How long was the store in business?\n\nGROLLMAN: My grandfather came in 1908. He actually started ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"door-to-door. You\ncould say that's when the business started. Then we sold the business in 1987.\nThat's 79 years.\n\nLEVINE: Who did you sell it to?\n\nGROLLMAN: We sold it to a young man who had worked in the store in high school.\nHe went off and became a pharmacist. He came back and purchased the pharmacy\nnext door to us. We had decided at that time... I decided. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I told my father. He\nwas 79 at the time.\n\nLEVINE: How old were you at the time?\n\nGROLLMAN: I was 40. You could see the future, what was coming, as far as retail.\nIt was 1987. You could see what was going to happen. People going out of town.\nOf course, there was no internet at that time. That's the way it was. More\ncompetition. I didn't want to do this the rest of my life. I said, we'll just\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get out of business, and I'll find something else to do. I told this friend of\nmine, who is a pharmacist. He decided he would buy it. So, he did. I went back\nto school. I got a two-year degree in...\n\nLEVINE: What school did you go to?\n\nGROLLMAN: I went to the local college here. Bainbridge College. I got a two-year\ndegree in computer science. When I got through with that, a job became open at\nthe college. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They offered me a job there as a programmer.\n\nLEVINE: That was 1989 or 1990?\n\nGROLLMAN: I went to work in 1989. The college offered me a job, programming in\nthe admissions office. I went to the college, and I worked there. I got promoted\nseveral times.\n\nLEVINE: You got promoted to what position?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: I became the Assistant Registrar. I had a lot more record keeping to\ndo: submitting reports to the state. Doing all of the internal reports for the\ncollege at that time. In 2000, I had worked there 11 years. My mother at that\ntime was in her 90s. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She lived by herself.\n\nLEVINE: Your father had passed away?\n\nGROLLMAN: He had passed away in 1993. I just decided that I was going to quit. I\nhad worked there long enough to be vested in pension. I left the college in\n2001. I was able to...\n\nLEVINE: Take care of your mom?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. I would drive her everywhere she wanted. \"No, I can drive.\" I\nsaid, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"No. No, you're not. I wish I had somebody to drive me, Mama. That would\nbe nice.\" I would drive her. Take her to all of her doctor appointments. Buy her\ngroceries. In 2004, her health declined. In early 2005, she had to go into a\nnursing home. That's what you do. What you need to do.\n\nLEVINE: How do you fill up your time now that you're not at the college?\n\nGROLLMAN: Oh Gosh. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Always something to do. I read a lot. I work around the\nhouse. I have about an acre of lot. I have a lot to keep up with. I do a lot of\ncooking. I never get bored. I never sit there and say what am I going to do today?\n\nLEVINE: Is Paula still at the school?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. She retired in 2004. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She went back to school. She was just 52. She\nhad always been interested in exercise. She taught aerobics classes. She went\nback over to Dothan, Alabama. Went to George Wallace Community College.\n\nLEVINE: George Wallace.\n\nGROLLMAN: She became a physical therapy assistant. A two-year program. She did\nthat for a number of years. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now she has her mother to look after. That's the way\nit is.\n\nLEVINE: I want to go back to shoes for just one second because I would be remiss\nif I didn't ask you how do you know Freddie Halperin?\n\nGROLLMAN: Freddie Halperin had Colonial Shoe Company in Atlanta. In those days,\nyou had salesmen who came to see you, and they wanted to sell you whatever they\nhad. We had Berle Shoe Company in Atlanta, which was the Eizenstats. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"O\u0026B Shoe\nCompany, which was Orenstein's.\n\nLEVINE: Richard Orenstein?\n\nGROLLMAN: Right. His father, Max, is the one that called on me. I used to see\nRichard. He stayed in the office.\n\nLEVINE: Yes.\n\nGROLLMAN: We had the Colonial Shoe Company. They would come, or their salesman\nwould come. They would bring all the cases in the store. We would pick out what\nwe liked, and we would buy the shoes like that. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember when they were in\nthe, not the wholesale district, but they were downtown on Pryor Street.\n\nLEVINE: Who, Colonial?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. All the wholesalers were downtown.\n\nLEVINE: On Pryor Street. Did you know the [Abe] Goldsteins? Prior Tire [Company]?\n\nGROLLMAN: I don't think so.\n\nLEVINE: Did you know Barry Titleman?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. I don't think so.\n\nLEVINE: Barry was a shoe rep. I don't know if he came down.\n\nGROLLMAN: No. I don't think so. Another thing about Atlanta, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a place\non Peachtree [Street] called Gold's Delicatessen. When my parents would go to\nAtlanta, they would bring back salami, lox, cream cheese. Can you imagine that\nyou couldn't buy cream cheese in Bainbridge, Georgia?\n\nLEVINE: You could not.\n\nGROLLMAN: You certainly could not buy lox and salami. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is another story. In\nthe early 1950s, the violinist, [David] Rubinoff. If you google him, you'll find\nhim. He was a famous violinist. He went around to small towns and gave concerts.\nIt was kind of like \"bring your ox to the sticks.\" He came to Bainbridge and he\nput on a performance at our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high school. My parents were involved. They said,\n\"Mr. Rubinoff, we want you to come for brunch at our house. We just came back\nfrom Atlanta. We have all this lox, bagels, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"salami.\" \"Oh, wonderful.\" So,\nthe next morning after the performance, he showed up at the house. He had an\nassistant, a man. He brings in his violin. He had a Stradivarius. He comes to\nour living room, and he played for us.\n\nLEVINE: Oh my Gosh. What an honor.\n\nGROLLMAN: My aunt, my daddy's sister, she says, \"Mr. Rubinoff, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you played so\npassionately last night at your concert.\" She said, \"What were you thinking when\nyou were playing.\" He said, \"I'll tell you, I was thinking my good friend Joe\nGrollman is going to have lox and salami for me in the morning.\"\n\nLEVINE: Cute story.\n\nGROLLMAN: That happened back in the early 1950s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Do you see a Jewish future in this area?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. Absolutely not. Who is going to move to Bainbridge unless they\nhave a job and they come here? If they come here, they aren't going to leave. If\nsomebody wants to be Jewish, they are going be in Bainbridge, Georgia. But\nthat's the story all over. That's the way it is.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: If you were to write something to say that the memorable Jewish\nexperience of Bainbridge is... how would you end that sentence? Jewish\nBainbridge can be remembered such and such.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: I think in Bainbridge... this is probably not what you're looking for,\nbut I think the community learned about Jewish people by the people that were\nhere. They learned that we are just regular people who want to make a good\nliving. Have hopes and dreams. That we can be part of the community even\nthough... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religion is a big thing here. But I think it shows who we are -- that\nwe don't have horns. I think it is acceptance of who we are and respect for our\nfaith. When we had our 50th anniversary of the temple in 1956, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the minister that\nmarried me, Reverend Burrell, came and spoke to our temple. Within a year or so,\nthey had something at the Baptist church, some kind of anniversary, my father\nwent and spoke there to the congregation. A lot of towns haven't had that kind\nof interplay ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Jewish people. The ones in Bainbridge have seen our faith and\nthe way we live. I think it has been an educational experience. And it's been an\neducational experience for the Jewish people who have only known Jewish people\nto see other people too and accept the way they live and their faith.\n\nLEVINE: Tolerance. Acceptance. Coexistence.\n\nGROLLMAN: Exactly. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We can all have our own faith, and we can all be friends.\nSimple as that.\n\nLEVINE: If the synagogue were to close, and I know there is discussion about it\nclosing, and you wanted to maintain some sort of Jewish connection, would you go\nto Tallahassee or...?\n\nGROLLMAN: No, I wouldn't because that's just the way I was brought up. I'm\nJewish, but the fact that I'm not religious ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is another thing. My wife, she was\nraised Baptist. Went to Sunday school. She has never been back to the Baptist\nchurch. We think alike.\n\nLEVINE: You can express Judaism by going to synagogue or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religious observance\nbut there are other ways. Did the Jewish community here connect with the State\nof Israel when the State of Israel was founded in 1948 or the Arab-Israeli War?\nWas there any type of activity that went on here?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. I can't say that I remember anything. Of course, I was a year old\nin 1948. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember the Arab-Israeli War in 1973. I was for the Jewish side.\nThat was obvious.\n\nLEVINE: Was there support for Israel in the general community of Bainbridge? Has\nBainbridge essentially been pro-Israel?\n\nGROLLMAN: I would say yes, until recently. I think a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lot of people feel like the\nPalestinians are slighted. Yes, because it's all part of prophecy and State of\nIsrael and that kind of thing.\n\nLEVINE: It's the Messianic message.\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes. The messianic and that kind of thing, so there is a lot of support.\n\nLEVINE: Were there Holocaust memorial services in Bainbridge?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. We do have a Holocaust survivor buried out here. She had a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tattoo\non her arm.\n\nLEVINE: Is there a Bainbridge historical society?\n\nGROLLMAN: Yes.\n\nLEVINE: Does it have any mementos of the Jewish community?\n\nGROLLMAN: You need to ask Roslyn [Palmer]. She's the president.\n\nLEVINE: Okay. I'll ask her. Are there any final thoughts, memories, or\nexperiences that you would like to share before we conclude ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the interview?\n\nGROLLMAN: No. I'm glad I'm Jewish. I'll tell you. It's a way of life, food. No,\njust a general way of thinking. Being more broadminded. Being exposed to...\n\n[End Video 4]\n\n[Begin Video 5]\n\nGROLLMAN: ...other thoughts. Like I say, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not a real religious person, but I\nam Jewish and I never denied that fact. I never wanted to be anything else. The\ntemple here will close because obviously there is no one here to carry on, but\nI'm glad that we had it all these years. I'm glad I was able to attend the\nservices when I did. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it is a heritage to my ancestors who made a\nsacrifice and came to this country. They were persecuted. Some of them were real\nreligious and some weren't, but they are all Jewish, and that's where we are.\n\nLEVINE: Thank you very much.\n\nGROLLMAN: Thank you.\n\nLEVINE: This concludes the interview with Jody Grollman. Jody, thank you so much.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/transcript/22981/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[End Video 5]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4200.0,4230.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Jody Grollman [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the Written Torah and the Oral Law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEllis Island in New York Harbor was the gateway for millions of immigrants to the United States. It was the nation’s busiest immigrant inspection station from 1892 until 1954. Today it is a museum.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Beth-El was founded in 1902 when the community acquired a Torah.  The temple is located on the corner of Broad and Evans Streets.  Temple Beth-El initially met in private homes and the Elks Lodge. In 1909, the small congregation hired Rabbi Edmund Landau, of Albany, Georgia’s Temple B’nai Israel, to come lead services in Bainbridge.  Since Rabbi Landau served his own congregation on Friday nights and Saturdays, he would travel to Bainbridge on one or two Sundays a month to lead services. In 1914, the congregation bought land to build a synagogue. The Neoclassical Revival-style building was dedicated on December 19, 1916.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Phi is a fraternity founded by ten Jewish men at Columbia University in New York in 1910 as a response to the existence of similar organizations that would not admit Jewish members.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Andy Griffith Show was an American sitcom show which aired for eight seasons, from October 1960 to April 1968.  The show originally starred Andy Griffith in the role of Andy Taylor, the widowed sheriff of the fictional small community of Mayberry, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAmos 'n' Andy is an American radio and television sitcom set in Harlem, Manhattan’s historic black community. The original radio show, which ran from 1928 until 1960, was created, written, and voiced by two white actors, Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll, who played Amos Jones (Gosden) and Andrew Hogg Brown (Correll) as well as incidental characters.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Big Jon and Sparkie show was a Saturday morning children’s radio series which began in 1950.   Sparkie was “the little elf from the land of make-believe who wants more than anything else in the world to be a real boy.”  Jon Arthur Goerss was the recorded voice of Sparkie played at a fast speed. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Lone Ranger is a fictional masked former Texas Ranger who fought outlaws in the American Old West with his Native American friend, Tonto. The character has been called an enduring icon of American culture.  He first appeared in 1933 in a Detroit radio show.  The radio series proved to be a hit and spawned a series of books, a popular television show that ran from 1949 to 1957, comic books, and several movies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel Marvin Griffin, Sr. (1907-1982) was an American politician from Bainbridge, Georgia. He served as the 72nd Governor of Georgia from 1955 to 1959, where he supported educational segregation and opposed the integration of Georgian schools.  After the end of his gubernatorial tenure, he returned to Bainbridge and entered the real estate business, helping to found Bainbridge College in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Rights Movement encompasses social movements in the United States whose goal was to end racial segregation and discrimination against black Americans and enforce constitutional voting rights to them. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) is best known for his role as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs.  A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career.  He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia, in 1962, and organized nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, that attracted national attention following television news coverage of the brutal police response. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous \"I Have a Dream\" speech.  On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence.  In 1965, he and the SCLC helped to organize the Selma to Montgomery marches and the following year, he took the movement north to Chicago to work on segregated housing.  King was assassinated on April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many United States’ cities.  King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal.  Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a United States federal holiday in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbos (Yiddish) or Shabbat (Hebrew) for Sabbath.  It is the Jewish day of rest and is observed on Saturdays.  Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities, often with great rigor, and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation marks the culmination of a special year in the life of Jewish students between ages 16 and 18, a period of religious study beyond bar or bat mitzvah. In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue and child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA division within Judaism especially in North America and Western Europe.  Historically it began in the nineteenth century.   In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture.   While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘son of commandment.’  A rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day.  At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes.  He is now duty bound to keep the commandments.  He puts on tefillin and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship.  He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish men cover their heads during prayer with a small skull-cap called a ‘yarmulke’ or ‘kippah.’  Orthodox Jewish men wear it at all times to remind themselves of G-d’s presence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSh’ma is the title of a prayer that serves as a centerpiece of the morning and evening Jewish prayer services. The full title of the prayer is Sh’ma Yisrael, two Hebrew words meaning “Hear, O Israel.” Sh’ma Yisrael is often considered the most important prayer in Judaism. The first verse affirms the monotheistic essence of Judaism: “Hear, O Israel: The Lord our G-d, the Lord is one.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosh Ha-Shanah [Hebrew: head of the year, i.e. New Year festival] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh Ha-Shanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippur may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘Day of Atonement.’ The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25 hour fast day.  Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the shofar (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr. (1924-    ) was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981.  He was a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLester Garfield Maddox, Sr. (1915-2003) was the 75th Governor of Georgia from 1967 to 1971. Originally, a restaurateur, he came to political prominence as a staunch segregationist, although his record as governor often aided African-Americans. When Martin Luther King, Jr., was assassinated he denied the slain civil rights leader the honor of lying in state in the Georgia state capitol.  He later served as Lieutenant Governor during the time that Jimmy Carter was Governor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStuart Eizenstat (1943-     ) was born in Chicago, Illinois.  His family moved to Atlanta when he was eight months old.  His family belonged to Ahavath Achim and Shearith Israel in Atlanta.  He attended University of North Carolina and Harvard Law School.  He has had several prominent positions in the Carter and Clinton administrations as presidential advisor, Under Secretary of State, Under Secretary of Commerce, and Deputy of the Treasury Secretary.  He has worked extensively with restitutional recovery for victims of the Holocaust and helped create the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMenachem Begin (1913-1992) was the sixth Prime Minister of Israel, serving from 1977 to 1983, and founder of Lukud Labor party. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMuhammad Anwar El Sadat (1918-1981) was the third President of Egypt, serving from 1970 until his assassination by an Egyptian army soldier October 6, 1981. Sadat was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace for his diplomatic efforts that culminated in a peace treaty with Israel in 1979.  Sadat became the first Arab leader ever to visit the state of Israel in 1977, when Sadat addressed the Israeli Knesset. The gesture was significant for breaking an Arab policy of not dealing publicly with the Jewish state created in 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosalynn Carter (born Eleanor Rosalynn Smith in 1927) is the wife of Jimmy Carter, the 39th President of the United States. She served as the First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘dedication.’ An eight-day festival of lights usually falling around Christmas on the Christian calendar.  Hanukkah celebrates the victory of the Maccabees in 165 BCE over the Seleucid rules of Palestine, who had desecrated the Temple. The Maccabees wanted to re-dedicate the Temple altar to Jewish worship by rekindling the menorah but could only find one small jar of ritually pure olive oil.  This oil continued to burn miraculously for eight days, enabling them to prepare new oil. The Hanukkah menorah, or hanukiah, with its nine branches, is used to commemorate this miracle by lighting eight candles, one for each day, by the ninth candle.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew: Pesach.  The anniversary of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage.  The holiday lasts for eight days.  Unleavened bread, matzah, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise.  On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday is celebrated.  The seder service is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.  In addition to eating matzah during the seder, Jews are prohibited from eating leavened bread during the entire week of Passover. In addition, Jews are also supposed to avoid foods made with wheat, barley, rye, spelt or oats unless those foods are labeled ‘kosher for Passover.’ Jews traditionally have separate dishes for Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSeder (meaning “order” in Hebrew”) is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world.  Some communities hold seder on both the first two nights of Passover. The seder incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA dumpling made from matzah meal, an Ashkenazi custom. The balls are dropped into chicken soup or boiling water. They are popular during Passover.  Matzo, matza or matzah is unleavened bread eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had no time to wait for the dough to rise.  Leavened products are forbidden on Passover and there is a commandment to eat matzah on the first night of the festival of Passover. The sages concluded that after eighteen minutes the dough ferments making the dough rise and ultimately forbidden.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSHFTY (Shalom Federation of Temple Youth) is a part of the North American Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY), an affiliation and unification of hundreds of temple youth groups from across the country. More specifically, SHFTY is part of NFTY’s Northern Region (NFTY-NO), an association of temple youth groups from Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, and the Dakotas.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe North American Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY) is an organized youth movement of Reform Judaism in North America founded in 1939.  The youth program is Funded and supported by the Union for Reform Judaism, designed to supplement and support Reform youth groups at the synagogue level.  About 750 local youth groups are affiliated, with other 8,500 youth members (2015). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Edmund A. Landau (1875-1982) was born in Hamilton, Ontario.  The family moved from Canada to the United States in 1876.  Edmund attended the University of Cincinnati and 1892 entered Hebrew Union College where he studied for the rabbinate. In 1898 he accepted his first pulpit at Temple B’nai Israel (Albany Hebrew Congregation) in Albany, Georgia. Several years later in 1905, he agreed to also act as the rabbi at Temple Beth-El in neighboring Bainbridge, Georgia. He remained the spiritual leader of both congregations throughout his career. Rabbi Landau was schooled in the teachings of Classical Reform Judaism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Berthold Abram (1918-2000) was an American lawyer, civil rights activist, and leader in the Jewish community who grew up in Fitzgerald, Georgia. Defending civil rights workers in Georgia in 1963, Abrams won decisions that helped overturn the state's insurrection and illegal assembly laws, which had been used against civil rights demonstrators. Over the years, Abram helped bring civil rights cases to the United States Supreme Court. President John F. Kennedy named him the first general counsel to the Peace Corps in 1961. President Lyndon B. Johnson made him United States representative to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, co-chairman of the Planning Committee of the White House Conference on Civil Rights and a member of the Committee on the Office of Economic Opportunity. Abrams served as President of Brandeis from 1968-1970. He was the Representative of the United States to the European Office of the United Nations from 1989 to 1993. In 1993 he founded United Nations Watch while he was Honorary President of the American Jewish Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorge Corley Wallace, Jr. (1919-1998) was an American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms as a Democrat: 1963–1967, 1971–1979 and 1983–1987.  During the Civil Rights Era he was noted for his Southern populist and segregationist attitudes.  Wallace’s most remembered utterance was: “In the name of the greatest people that have ever trod this earth, I draw the line in the dust and toss the gauntlet before the feet of tyranny, and I say segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever.”  He tried to stop desegregation in schools by physically standing in the way of black students at several universities in 1963.  Federal marshals and the Alabama National Guard under federal command forced him to step aside.  He later renounced these views at the end of his life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavid Rubinoff (1897-1986) was an immigrant from Grodno, Russia.  At five years of age, he persuaded his parents to buy him a violin.  He studied music at the Royal Conservatory of Warsaw in 1911, where he met composer Victor Herbert, who was so impressed by him that he brought the entire Rubinoff family to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  Rubinoff attended Forbes School in Pittsburgh and became the leader, soloist, and conductor of the Pittsburgh Symphony.  He was guest conductor with orchestras in the United States and abroad. During his career, Rubinoff performed at the White House for Presidents Hoover, Roosevelt, Eisenhower, and Kennedy.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as the Yom Kippur War, October War, and 1973 Arab-Israeli War.  On October 6, 1973, Egyptian forces launched a surprise attack on Yom Kippur across the Suez Canal in coordination with a Syrian offensive against Israeli positions on Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights, a territory that had been captured by Israel since the Six-Day War in 1967.  The Israelis managed to halt the Egyptian offensive and force them back to pre-war lines.  The Israelis withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula after the cease-fire.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMessianic prophecy is a modern Messianic movement found among certain Protestant groups, particularly American evangelicals, where the State of Israel is central to the return of the Messiah to restore the kingdom of Israel and as a sign of the last days.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/annotation_set/363/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe systematic, government-sponsored attempt by the Germans to annihilate the Jews of Europe between 1939 and 1945, which resulted in the deaths of nearly 6,000,000 Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=4050.0,4080.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Grollman_Jody [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction and family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=0.0,607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: Good morning. 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What are some of your memorable experiences?  Was there one elementary and one high school?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1018.0,1286.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Amos ‘n’ Andy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge High School].","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Big Jon and Sparkie","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"television","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Andy Griffith Show","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Lone Ranger","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vacation Bible school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1018.0,1286.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Segregation, racism, and the Civil Rights Movement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1286.0,1664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE:\tWere there any interracial... the schools were segregated, but did you have sporting events or cultural events or was it totally separated?\nGROLLMAN:\tEverything was totally separated.  Everything. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1286.0,1664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civil Rights Movement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman's Department Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Martin Luther King, Jr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"racism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Samuel Marvin Griffin, Sr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"segregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1286.0,1664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community in Bainbridge","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1664.0,1924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE:\tTell me what it was like growing up Jewish in your house and the community.  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1664.0,1924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bar mitzvah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Confirmation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shabbat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sunday School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1664.0,1924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Recollections of Jimmy Carter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1924.0,2267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: My father was president of the Chamber of Commerce here.  He was really involved with the Lions Club.  In fact, his favorite story was, he was a district governor in 1953.  There were four regions in Georgia, so he had 50 clubs under him.  He would have to go and visit all of the clubs in a year and talk to them.  One of his clubs was Plains, Georgia.  He went to Plains.  There was a young man there named Jimmy Carter.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1924.0,2267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"James Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jimmy Carter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leo Eizenstat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lester Garfield Maddox, Sr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lions Club","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Menachem Begin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Muhammad Anwar El Sadat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosalynn Carter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stuart Eizenstat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=1924.0,2267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community in Bainbridge, continued","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2267.0,2810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE:\tYes.  What was it like growing up in your house?  What was your Jewish experience in your house?  Did you celebrate Hanukkah?   Passover?   ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2267.0,2810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cemetery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"German Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hanukkah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"matzah balls","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Morris Berthold Abram","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NFTY","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"North American Federation of Temple Youth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Passover","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi Edmund A. Landau","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seder","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shalom Federation of Temple Youth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHFTY","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple Beth-El","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thomasville, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2267.0,2810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Education and interfaith marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2810.0,3122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN:\tYou never know what’s going to happen in life.  It was one of those things that kind of fell into place.  I had no plans to come to Bainbridge.  There were several life-changing events that happened about 1969.  It just fell into place that I went to the store.  Married my wife in 1971.  She was from Bainbridge.  We just celebrated our 46th anniversary.  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2810.0,3122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge College","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge High School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Baptist","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interfaith marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Paula Putnal Grollman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"University of Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Valdosta State University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=2810.0,3122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman’s Shoe Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3122.0,3314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE: You came back to Bainbridge.  You met Paula.  You got married.  You were working in your dad’s store.  Did your dad turn the store over to you?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3122.0,3314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman's Department Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman’s Shoe Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lions Club","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3122.0,3314.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Post-secondary education and second careers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3314.0,3515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GROLLMAN: I went back to school.  I got a two-year degree in...   \nLEVINE:\tWhat school did you go to? \nGROLLMAN:\tI went to the local college here.  Bainbridge College.  I got a two-year degree in computer science.  When I got through with that, a job became open at the college.  They offered me a job there as a programmer.  \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3314.0,3515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge College","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computer programming","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computer science","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dothan, Alabama","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Wallace Community College","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"physical therapy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3314.0,3515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman’s Shoe Store, continued","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3515.0,3749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nLEVINE:\tI want to go back to shoes for just one second because I would be remiss if I didn’t ask you how do you know Freddie Halperin?\nGROLLMAN:\tFreddie Halperin had Colonial Shoe Company in Atlanta.  In those days, you had salesmen who came to see you, and they wanted to sell you whatever they had.  We had Berle Shoe Company in Atlanta, which was the Eizenstats.  O\u0026B Shoe Company, which was Orenstein’s.      \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3515.0,3749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Berle Shoe Company","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Colonial Shoe Company","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cream cheese","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Rubinoff","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Freddie Halperin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gold’s Delicatessen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grollman’s Shoe Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lox","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"O\u0026B Shoe Company","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Richard Orenstein","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"salami","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3515.0,3749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The future of Bainbridge","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3749.0,8405.577"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVINE:\tDo you see a Jewish future in this area?\nGROLLMAN:\tNo.  Absolutely not.  Who is going to move to Bainbridge unless they have a job and they come here.  If they come here, they aren’t going to leave.  If somebody wants to be Jewish, they are going be in Bainbridge, Georgia.  But that’s the story all over.  That’s the way it is.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3749.0,8405.577"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653/index/47689/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Arab-Israeli War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge Historical Society","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bainbridge, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christianity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religious tolerance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Roslyn Palmer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yom Kippur War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/36541/file/105653#t=3749.0,8405.577"}]}]}]}