{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/w37kp7vg46/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Gottlieb, Ilona Hercz"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2008-09-19 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eIlona Hercz Gottlieb interviewed by John Kent on September 19, 2008 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Ilona Hercz Gottlieb will share her experience prior World War II and during the war as well.  She’ll talk about the life in Bergen-Belsen, the hardships that all prisoners had to go through daily.  Living in fear daily of being taken to the gas chamber at short notice.  She’ll talk about after liberation coping with the difficulties living just a simple daily life.  How she eventually was able to leave Europe and move to the United States and how grateful she is to this day being able to live here in this country.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28416"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eIlona Hercz Gottlieb interviewed by John Kent on September 19, 2008 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Ilona Hercz Gottlieb will share her experience prior World War II and during the war as well.  She’ll talk about the life in Bergen-Belsen, the hardships that all prisoners had to go through daily.  Living in fear daily of being taken to the gas chamber at short notice.  She’ll talk about after liberation coping with the difficulties living just a simple daily life.  How she eventually was able to leave Europe and move to the United States and how grateful she is to this day being able to live here in this country.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/541/small/Gottlieb_Ilona.mp4_1615074741.jpg?1615056743","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Gottlieb_Ilona.mp4"]},"duration":4381.697,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/541/small/Gottlieb_Ilona.mp4_1615074741.jpg?1615056743","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/110/541/original/Gottlieb_Ilona.mp4?1615056739","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":4381.697,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Ilona Gottlieb [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: OK, it's September 19, 2008. We are in Atlanta, GA. Let's start with\nyour original name, and when and where you were born.\n\nGOTTLIEB: My name is Ilona Gottlieb and I was born in Budapest.\n\nKENT: When?\n\nGOTTLIEB: 1918.\n\nKENT: What was your name originally?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Ilona Hercz.\n\nKENT: Who were the other people in your family?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't know my father. He died before I can remember. So, my mother\nraised me. She was a seamstress. She worked very hard, day and night, that she\ncould give me the necessary things. I have good memory that how she tried to\nraise me.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you know how your father passed?\n\nGOTTLIEB: She never talked about it, so I don't know.\n\nKENT: What were their names?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Josef Hercz. No. Josef Gruenberger. My mother when I was eight years old\nshe married a train conductor and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his name was Hercz. He adopted me, and so from\nnow on my name was Ilona Hercz. That's how I went to school . . . high school\nand finishing school.\n\nKENT: Any brothers or sisters?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I am the only one. And I always envied big families because I was lonely.\n\nKENT: Describe your memories ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from your earlier days, like the 1920's.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Well, what I remember . . . everything . . . where we lived it was cold\nwater and I always wished that if I only can have hot water to wash myself, it\nwould be great. We never had that, so my mother had to warm up on the stove the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"water. Had a big bath and put me in it, and that is how she washed me.\n\nKENT: Was the family kind of poor, or . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Very poor, very poor. Sometimes we didn't have much to eat. It depends\nhow much work she had. When I grew up, Hitler had already occupied Poland ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nthe rest of the countries. When he came to . . . I met my husband . . . I went\nup to my aunt in New York. I rented a place in the theater ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they had an\norchestra, and that's where I met my husband. We didn't have money, so we\ncouldn't get married. His parents weren't well off so he also didn't have any .\n. . He played ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the beginning in an orchestra, in the theater orchestra. He\ndidn't make much money, so he told me that he can't marry me because he has to\nhelp his parents. So I rented the concession in the next . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they play\nmotion pictures and where they have (vaudeville) sketches, and he played over\nthere. I rented the place over there for a coatroom . . . for to put their coat\n. . . and it cost a lot of money, so I borrowed money.\n\nKENT: What was his name?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alexander Gottlieb.\n\nKENT: When was that when you met him, and . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: I met him before the war, and--\n\nKENT: You were what, 19 or 20?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I think I was 16.\n\nKENT: Oh.\n\nGOTTLIEB: We fell in love and he wanted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to marry me. But he didn't want his parents\nto know, that is why we eloped. He wanted to help his parents, and they wouldn't\ntake money from him if he married me. Meanwhile Hitler was coming toward\nBudapest, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I . . .\n\nKENT: Maybe to go back a little bit earlier, before Hitler. You were about\nfifteen or sixteen when he got into power?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I was 16 when I rented the wardrobe. I had two of them, one in the city\nand one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the outskirts of the city. I had several employees, who helped me.\nBut his parents had no livelihood so I offered them to go into a partnership.\nSo, one of the (unintelligible)--they joined me, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we both had income.\n\nKENT: How did your mother feel about you getting married so young?\n\nGOTTLIEB: My mother didn't know, I didn't tell her. I still lived at home and I\ndidn't tell her. She knew that this is serious, and that I am going to marry\nhim. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what she knew. One of my cousins was the witness in the wedding, in\nthe office, you know, where the city employees are.\n\nKENT: Why was there such an urgency to do it and not wait a few years?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Because we loved each other, we wanted to be together. That's the only\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way we figured it out we can do it. Then Hitler came and meanwhile he joined the\ngirl orchestra. He was the leader of a girl orchestra. They went to Switzerland\nthen. My brother-in-law came to my house and told me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he (Alexander) had to\ngo to Cuba . . . because he was going to get an affidavit to go to Cuba. That\nuncle told him he was going to marry there a rich girl. He (Alexander) didn't\ntell him that he was already married, so it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couldn't be done. But when he\n(found) out he was angry at me, and he didn't send me the affidavit. So the last\nship left from Hungary, and I couldn't go on. We were separated seven years. I\nwent to Switzerland first to meet him-that was my honeymoon. Then I went back to\nNew York. (NB: This has to be after the war when she rediscovered where he was.)\n\nKENT: Let's go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back a little bit before the war. What do you remember before\nHitler and the Nazis and the whole thing started? What was normal life like in\nthe early days?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It was very frightening. I heard that this Swedish diplomat, Wallenberg\ncame to Budapest and he was going to give out an affidavit that I didn't have to\ngo to the concentration camp. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I set out . . . I went to the city. I was\nliving in the outskirts of Budapest. I set out to go to see him. So, I was\nwalking in the inner city. I passed the Hitler Jugend house. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I saw a guy with a\nbayonet and the Hitler Jugend uniform there. I wanted to pass by, and he stopped\nme. I wore the yellow star, so he knew I am Jewish. He stopped me and said,\n\"What's the hurry? I have to take you up to the office and they have to talk to\nyou.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I thought, \"If I go up, I'm never going to escape from here.\" So, in my\nluck, a truck came . . . came to the house, they delivered something. It was a\nHitler Jugend house and they were delivering something and I sneaked out from\nthe side ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the truck when it came in . . . he was busy talking to the driver .\n. . and I sneaked off, and I ran. I heard a bullet pass me; he shot after me.\nAnd . . .\n\nKENT: Were those Germans or Hungarians?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, those were Hitler Jugend.\n\nKENT: Germans who came into Hungary?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah. They shot after me. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, I ran faster, so I escaped, and I went to\nsee Wallenberg. I got the Schutzpass.\n\nKENT: What do you remember about the conversation with him?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I couldn't . . . he only spoke German. I took German in the school, so I\nwasn't perfect. I explained to him that I need that because I have a mother whom\nI have to support. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He understood me, so he gave me the Schutzpass [protection\npass]. Later on the . . .\n\nKENT: Arrow Cross.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah. They tear it up. They said to me, \"See how much it's worth? That's\nhow much it's worth.\" They [tore] up the Schutzpass. So I managed to get that\nand I went home. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Life was very hectic; we had to give everything to the Germans.\nI had to schlep my radio to the house and give in everything. That's all I\nremember, and . . .\n\nKENT: Maybe go back a little bit. During the 1930's, before the war actually\nstarted, how did life change, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after Hitler, his influence started . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Very little to eat. I had a gold bracelet and I had friend, a Catholic\nfriend. I asked her to keep it for me. I gave it to her. When I came back from\nthe concentration camp, she gave it to me. That was the only thing I had.\n\nJohn ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":":How did the changes affect your parents throughout the 1930's?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Well, we didn't have much to eat, and we were mostly starving.\n\nKENT: Even before the war?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Even before the war, yes. They took everybody, all the Jewish males. They\ntook them to concentration camps.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember how the neighbors, the non-Jewish people around you, how,\ndid they treat you . . . and how . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Well, I knew only one friend in the house where I lived, and they were\nvery nice to me. They tried to help me, but they couldn't do very much because\nthey would get into trouble, if someone found out that you help a Jew. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everybody\nwas frightened.\n\nKENT: Were all your friends and playmates Jewish then?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Well, yes. We had very few non-Jewish friends.\n\nKENT: So, when things were getting worse and worse, what did your parents say\nabout it? Was there any plan, like what should we do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now?\n\nGOTTLIEB: My mother tried to shield me the best she could, but she couldn't do\nmuch. We had very little to eat, and we feared for our lives. Every week\nsomething else . . . we have to do this, we have to do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. We [were] left with\nnothing. They took whatever was worth of something. If they wanted something\nthey took it.\n\nKENT: So, what did you and your husband, during the late 1930's . . .?\n\nGOTTLIEB: He went with the girl orchestra to get a job, to go to Switzerland.\n\nKENT: When did he leave?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He left before the war started, and then we didn't have a honeymoon. We\njust got married and he left. My brother-in-law came to me . . . and he told me\nyou have to go down because Alex wouldn't go if he doesn't see you. He [got] the\naffidavit from his uncle from Cuba. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He didn't want to acknowledge me or do\nanything with me.\n\nKENT: Was there any option for you to go to Switzerland with him?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, it wasn't, because he left with a girl orchestra and that was a\ncontract, and I couldn't go. But later on I went to Bern on my own, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I met\nhim. I persuaded him that you must go because you had no life, nothing to which\nto look forward if you come back to Budapest. So, he went finally and I cried on\nthe train because I felt that maybe I should have gone with him anyway. I went\nback and I wanted to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tell him that I [wanted to] go no matter what . . . but I\ncouldn't find him. So, I went back to Budapest and he went to Cuba.\n\nKENT: What was he like in those days?\n\nGOTTLIEB: He was young, he was vibrant, he was a very good boy. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We loved each other.\n\nKENT: What were you like?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I was . . . I was presentable . . . everybody said that I looked like\nVerna Loy. I don't know how, but that's how they saw me. I tried to, you know,\ndress nice, and he had a sick mother who was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the mountains because she had\ndiabetes and I went, when I was free, I went to see . . . I tried to make a\npoint that I see her every week. So, I went to visit her, and we wrote to each other.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you were in your late teens, early twenties, did you have any plans\nor any desires for your future? What were you expecting?\n\nGOTTLIEB: After Hitler, we lost every desire to live. We were very frightened.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before they took us to Bergen-Belsen, they came to . . . Wallenberg went to a\nhouse close to where I was living in Budapest to negotiate for the Jews for\nsetting them free. It didn't work out. They were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all sent off, and we were\nstanding in line, you know, they captured all the Jews. I was with my mother,\nand I told her that you go home, she didn't want to, she wanted to be with me.\nThey took us to the train station, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the negotiation didn't work out.\n\nKENT: When was that? After you had met with Wallenberg, or before?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, that's after Wallenberg.\n\nKENT: When did you meet with him and get that paper, that pass?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, I met [him] before the war. The Hitler Jugends were there already in Budapest.\n\nKENT: So, Wallenberg ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was in Budapest . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, he was in Budapest. He was in a house nearby me, where I lived.\nThey negotiated for hours and hours and we stood in line, and they . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nwhen the negotiation failed, then they took us to the train station. Wallenberg\ncame out, and he [spoke] to us in German, and he said, \"Just be brave, you're\ngoing to ride this out, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything's going to be alright, don't worry.\" But,\nof course, they took us anyway.\n\nKENT: So, did you ever get into one of those safe houses ever?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, and my mother could have stayed there and she didn't want to, she\nwanted to come with me. So, she did come with me. They took us to Bergen-Belsen.\nA couple of weeks later, when we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there, they brought a girl from the other\nlager and that was, uh, how you call that girl, Anne Frank, right? They brought\nAnne Frank. I didn't know [that was] Anne Frank, but later I saw it on\ntelevision, when I came back and everything was alright, and I thought, \"That's\nthe girl who was in my bunker. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She was upstairs and I was downstairs.\"\n\nKENT: Had you met her at all?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes, I did. She was very sick and very skinny. They had another girl with\nher who carried her. They both came to our barrack in Bergen-Belsen. Very soon\nafter that, they took her to the infirmary, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and she never came back.\n\nKENT: How did you . . . you and your mother went together . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes.\n\nKENT: How did you get to Bergen-Belsen?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, we were tortured. When we arrived, they took us to a bunker . . .\nsort of like a bunker, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was . . . it was something on the top, you know,\nthe previous transport was on the floor. They swept them out, naked, and I\nthought that, \"This is it.\" They are going to put us to death.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I . . .\nwhen they started, I thought that the gas was going to come and we would all be\ndead. I just said a Shema Yisrael, I don't know, are you Jewish? Yeah?\n\nKENT: So, you knew about the gas chambers?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, I knew because the previous transport was on the floor, naked, and\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they [swept] them out and they put them in a wagon, naked, and it was terrible.\nThe worst thing in Bergen-Belsen was the smell of flesh in the air. Every day\nthey take a wagon full of naked people to the infirmary [crematorium?]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was\nterrible. We didn't know when we were going to be next. I mean . . . every\nminute they had the counting [roll call], we had to stand outside in the cold,\nand they counted us.\n\nKENT: Do you remember when you got there approximately?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, I don't.\n\nKENT: What season, hot, cold?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It was cold.\n\nKENT: So, was it end of 1944?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, end of 1944.\n\nKENT: How long were you and your mom still in Budapest before you were taken away?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, I was born there, and my mother also.\n\nKENT: But the transports started like March or April, something, like that . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So how long were you still surviving before you were taken away?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Maybe six months.\n\nKENT: Do you have any memories of those six months when you were still in the city?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It's fading away already. I remember very intensely ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their capturing me\nand taking me to Bergen-Belsen, and the starving. They had one, once a day, a\nwhite carrot.\n\nKENT: A carrot?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, a white carrot, the thick one, [NB: I think she means a rutabaga,\nwhich is white or yellow and looks like a very thick carrot] and they cooked\nthat and we got once a day, watery and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inedible. The bottom was alright because\nthe bottom had more substance. But when you were at the beginning of the line to\nget the food, it was like water.\n\nKENT: Was your mother with you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, and I was worried about my mother because she lost so much weight,\nand ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was afraid that she wasn't going to make it. So, I went to the head of the\ncounselors [NB: kapos] and asked them to help my mother. She got a couple of\npotatoes . . . she made up a stove, and she cooked them in the camp. So, that's\nhow she survived. She got home ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before I did, because the Red Cross picked her\nup. Somehow they took me to a Russian hospital, and I was afraid that they\nweren't going to let me go. So . . . in pajamas I left the hospital. I sneaked\noff and I went on the train, and I tried to get back ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where I was to find my\nmother. But I couldn't find her, I . . .\n\nKENT: How did the two of you get separated?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I got sick, I had high fever. They took me to a hospital that was a\nRussian hospital.\n\nKENT: She couldn't stay to wait for you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: She couldn't, no. She had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to go back to the camp. She didn't stay with me\nin the hospital. So, we got separated. I cried all the time because I didn't\nknow what happened to her. She didn't know what happened to me.\n\nKENT: What condition were you in at liberation?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I was in very good condition until the last time they decided to take us\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Theresienstadt. They gave us some injection, and after that injection -- I\ndon't know what it was -- typhus or what, I had high fever, and I got sick, I\ncouldn't continue. So, they took me to the hospital.\n\nKENT: So, you were OK, sort of, in Belsen, until they took you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the other camp?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No. I was on my feet. I went with them on the train. They [NB: the\nAllies] attacked the train, they bombed the train. We all ran out onto the\nfield. The bomb was falling down and it was terrible, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was . . . we tried to\nhide, but many people got hurt. And I don't remember how we got back to the\ntrain, and they didn't take us to Theresienstadt after that. They gave up.\n\nKENT: What other memories do you have of Belsen of those few months?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we had to go out every morning to gather . . . that was a special\ncamp, but we had to work. We had to go out every morning and stay in line. They\ncounted us . . . the counting was all the time. The weather was cold, and we\nwere miserable, hungry, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and lost.\n\nJohn; How did the other prisoners relate to each other?\n\nGOTTLIEB: We tried to help each other, but not much we could do. Like when someone\ngets sick, they took them to the infirmary [crematorium?], and we never saw them\nagain. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what happened to Anne Frank.\n\nJohn; How much was the Jewish life still going on?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, in the neighboring camps, they were all [unintelligible] . . . and\nthey davened and tried to survive. Without eating and with the cold weather, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not\nmany could. You had to be durable. And when I was young, I was OK, but . . .\n\nKENT: What did Jewishness mean to you when growing up?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It meant a lot. I was always going to the synagogue every High Holy Days.\nMy mother was religious, and she believed in God. She tried ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to send me to Hebrew\nschool, and . . . that's about all.\n\nKENT: And your stepfather, what was his attitude?\n\nGOTTLIEB: He was a train conductor, he was Jewish, but he didn't really keep anything.\n\nKENT: What happened to him during that whole war period?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he died.\n\nKENT: When did he pass?\n\nGOTTLIEB: He passed away when I was in high school.\n\nKENT: So, that was back before the war, in the thirties?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No . . . in the thirties, yeah.\n\nKENT: Do you what happened or why he died, do you remember?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't. Maybe he was just too old.\n\nKENT: It must have been horrible for your mother to lose two husbands.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah. Well she still worked. She was a seamstress, and she worked very\nhard with the sewing machine, you know.\n\nJohn; So, after the war, did you and your mother find each other?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, after the war, she was already in Budapest when I got back and I\ndidn't believe it. When my husband came, I just couldn't believe that I see him.\n[Ilona produces a photo album] My daughter put this together when I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the\nninetieth birthday, that's my husband and me in the front. She got those\npictures from the albums.\n\nKENT: How did you know that the war had ended?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, they announced that we were free. Then we waited until the Red Cross\npicked us up and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took us to where we lived.\n\nKENT: How did you react when you heard that it's over now?\n\nGOTTLIEB: First, I couldn't believe it because I thought that I was going to die\nover there. But then they took us to Budapest and I met my mother. That's all I\nwanted, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I heard . . . oh, my brother-in-law heard that I was in\nBergen-Belsen through the Red Cross, they . . . it was in the paper. My\nbrother-in-law . . . my husband was looking for me all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over in Germany. He went\nto Bergen-Belsen too, but I already left there.\n\nKENT: Was he in Switzerland the whole seven years?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, he was in the army, he was . . . Eisenhower. (phone rings in\nbackground) What was I saying?\n\nKENT: I was asking about your husband. He was in Switzerland for a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while with\nthat orchestra, what did he do?\n\nGOTTLIEB: He was in Bern. I went down to see him and I persuade[d] him to go to\nCuba. We understood that he was going to send me the affidavit. But he couldn't\ndo that because his uncle didn't want to have me, he was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"angry at me. He thought\nthat he was going to marry a rich girl. It didn't work out, so he felt cheated.\n\nKENT: Where was your husband during the war?\n\nGOTTLIEB: During the war he was with the army. He was in D-Day.\n\nKENT: Which army?\n\nGOTTLIEB: The American army.\n\nKENT: How did he get to America from Switzerland?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I went down there, I persuaded him to get the affidavit, so they\nsent him the train ticket and everything, his uncle. He went to Cuba from\nSwitzerland . . . he went to Cuba. He tried to work in Cuba to send me the\naffidavit, he couldn't do that. He didn't make enough money. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He tried to play in\nany orchestra, yeah. And . . .\n\nKENT: Then he became a soldier in the . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Anyway, we were separated for seven years. When, finally he came to\nBudapest in an American uniform. I couldn't believe my eyes that I really see\nhim. It was wonderful to see him.\n\nKENT: He was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part of the D-Day invasion?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes. He volunteered for everything. He made friends with the secretary of\nEisenhower. Whenever a plane was available he sent Gottlieb to go to look for me\nin Germany. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, he went all over. He even went by bicycle to a concentration\ncamp, because my brother-in-law wrote to him in the paper . . . it was that I am\nin Bergen-Belsen. So, he went to Bergen-Belsen, but it was too late already, I\nleft there.\n\nKENT: So, how did you and your mom live ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you reunited?\n\nGOTTLIEB: The same way we always did . . . The very few things we had.\n\nKENT: Your apartment was still available?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah. We got back the apartment, and . . . and she was working, she was sewing.\n\nKENT: Was any help ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I don't even know. I think the Jews tried to organize the thing, but not\nmuch help. I know in the summer time they sent me to a camp. When you don't have\nmoney you rely on the organization. They had that and they sent me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a camp.\nThen I went to high school and finishing school. That's it.\n\nKENT: So, your mom was working. What were you doing once you got back home?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I was studying, going to school.\n\nKENT: You continued your high school.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah.\n\nKENT: Was that a Jewish or a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"public Hungarian school?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Public school, and once a week I went to Hebrew school.\n\nKENT: So, you finished high school?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, and one year of finishing school, shorthand and typing.\n\nKENT: When did your husband find you, finally?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Much later on, when the war was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over. He came to Budapest. When he got\nthere, I just couldn't believe my eyes. What I went through . . . I thought I'd\nnever see him again. When he came, he wanted to take me with him to America, of\ncourse. We couldn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get the papers. The Russians were everywhere. We got to the\ntrain station and they tried to help us. There were a couple of soldiers. They\nlent me their coat and I, laid down on the bench. They said to him, \"That's a\nsick soldier over there.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, they didn't pursue it. [NB: I think this\ntranslates into: Ilona went to the train station with Alexander and his American\nsoldier friends. There were Russian soldiers all over the station. They loaned\nher one of their coats and she laid down on a bench. The American soldiers\nexplained to the Russian soldiers that she was a sick American soldier, so they\nleft her alone.]\n\nKENT: What country were you trying to get to then?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I was trying to get to America, because meanwhile . . .\n\nKENT: I mean to get out of Hungary, where were you going immediately?\n\nGOTTLIEB: First, Switzerland, then to get back to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the troops where he was\nstationed, I don't know where. We went to Paris first, and then we went to . . .\nI was there for maybe two hours. I saw the Seine [River] and the Arc de Triomphe\nand that is all. Then they stationed the battalion to Germany . . . they sent\nit. So, I had to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go with them. I ate with I don't know how many thousands of\nGI's. I was the only girl. (laughing)\n\nKENT: Did your mom leave also?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, she [was] left behind. She was possessive but she wanted me to\nsurvive and have a\n\nLife, you know? So, I wrote to her, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I wanted to go with my husband . . . I\nwouldn't want to go back to her in Switzerland. I couldn't do it.\n\nKENT: So, you had to leave your mom alone?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, the Red Cross took care of her and took her back to Budapest.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally the Red Cross took me to Germany . . . no, to Hungary.\n\nKENT: So, how did you and your husband get out of Europe finally?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, he was in uniform and they passed me off as a sick soldier. They\ndidn't ask for any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"papers . . . the Russians. He took me where his battalion\nwas, and I remember eating with them. I was the only girl. It was weird.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you also have a uniform?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, but they tried to give me boots. The Americans were very good to me.\nThey tried to dress me up, I had nothing.\n\nKENT: So, did he have some kind of paper to allow you to go to the United\nStates, or was . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes. He got it from Eisenhower because the secretary ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was his friend, and\nshe helped him to go all over in Europe, she helped him to find me. Everybody\nwas around him when he told his story. He said they all loved him because my\nbrother-in-law sent packages and everybody was invited. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they couldn't find\nme. In the end, we [found] each other in Budapest.\n\nKENT: What was it like back in Budapest after the war, you know, with other\npeople around you and so on?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Life was hectic, and they didn't have much to eat, but at least they had\na home, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they tried to put some normalcy in their life.\n\nKENT: Do you remember how the Hungarian neighbors reacted when they saw some\nJews returning?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Some of them were very good, some of them were still anti-Semites, you\nknow. I had a very good friend who saved me a couple of pieces of jewelry. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then\nshe gave them back to me when I went back. She was a widow, her husband died,\nand she had a little baby.\n\nKENT: Do you remember how you felt at that time? What did life look like to you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It wasn't normal, it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was out of the ordinary, I don't know. We didn't\nhave much to eat, and we had to fight for every penny. It was very hectic and my\nmother didn't have much work. That is all I remember.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, how exactly did you get to America? Was it by boat or plane?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, it was wonderful . . . from Bremen I come for an army boat. Only\nsoldiers came. And the girls, the [unintelligible] were so good to me, they\ntried to give me everything. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't have anything to put on . . . but they\ngave me a uniform, boots, they gave me everything.\n\nKENT: Where did you and your husband settle when you first got here?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, he had a friend in the East River who was in the cleaning business.\nHe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had an apartment on Riverside Drive. He gave us an apartment over the\nfactory. That was my first home in America. Then I had a baby . . . my son is a\ndoctor . . . and I had a little girl, and this is my fifth ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great-grandchild.\n(laughing) Fifth!\n\nKENT: Fifth.\n\nGOTTLIEB: My granddaughter finished Harvard Law School, I'm very proud of her.\nThings settled down and everything would have been alright if we could have been\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"together, you know, but they are so far away. My granddaughter married a rabbi,\nthat's the rabbi over there. They had their fourth baby. I have five\ngreat-grandchildren and four grandchildren.\n\nKENT: So, how was it in the early days, building a family and living a normal\nlife after all that you went through?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strange. I really had to learn everything.\n\nKENT: Like getting used to a new language and a new culture, everything.\n\nGOTTLIEB: I learned English through the radio. It was hard. I should have gone to\nschool when the kids were in school. I am not a good speller, and I should have\npursued it. But I was so busy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I left with my left side paralyzed from\nGermany. When I escaped there wasn't any doctor, nobody treated me.\n\nKENT: What exactly happened to your left side?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I really don't know. Before we left ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bergen-Belsen, they injected us with\nsomething, and after that I got sick.\n\nKENT: And that's what caused the paralysis?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, something caused it, I don't know.\n\nKENT: They never told you what the shot was supposed to do?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, they . . . they told us because we were going to Theresienstadt. I\ndon't know what kind of injection it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was, but after that I got sick. I had high\nfever and I . . . that's how I got to the Russian hospital. I was worried that\nthey were going to take me to Russia.\n\nKENT: Who was in charge . . . who did the shot?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, the Germans.\n\nKENT: So, that was still during the war, not . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, during the war. Before they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"packed us up and they put us on the train.\n\nKENT: So, the liberation was in Czechoslovakia.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Somewhere in between Theresienstadt and Bergen-Belsen, on the field.\n\nKENT: Well, talk about the good times, once you started your life. Let's get to\nthe happy part of the story now.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the good time was when I, after the starvation, I went back with them\nto Paris, and I saw, what is that holiday, when everything is turkey . . .\n\nKENT: Thanksgiving?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Thanksgiving. It was Thanksgiving. I never saw so much food! I had a\nwonderful dinner, or lunch, or whatever it was. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the food! I didn't\nknow what to eat first! I never saw so much good stuff.\n\nKENT: So, how did you adjust to living a relatively more affluent life in\nAmerica after most of your life had been poor?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I love America. It's very easy to get used to, to the good things. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The\nbad thing is that you have to fight. But, my husband worked hard. (Interruption\nfrom someone in the room) It was wonderful to see all that food. And all the\nsoldiers were eating. I never saw such a good food! Oh, my, gosh, it was another experience.\n\nKENT: What was going on with your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother after you had left? Let's fill in her\npart of the story.\n\nGOTTLIEB: After I left, I got pregnant, and then I went to Germany. At first in\nParis, that was Thanksgiving. Then the battalion was stationed in Germany.\n\nKENT: Did your mother ever leave to come over here?\n\nGOTTLIEB: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. After the first baby, my mother came out. We sent her an affidavit,\nand she helped me because I couldn't use my left hand . . . I didn't know how I\nam going to manage with the baby. I had to figure it out, how to put it first on\nmy arm and to help me that way. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was very hard. But it was a joyful\nexperience, anyway.\n\nKENT: So, your mother came?\n\nGOTTLIEB: My mother came and helped me. She bathed the baby and she helped me with\neverything, yeah.\n\nKENT: The Americans around you, how did they treat you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, they tried to give me everything. They tried to pamper me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were\nwonderful. Yeah, they tried to help me put up a new life. After we had the\napartment on Riverside Drive, then we went to live . . . they put money\ntogether, and we bought a house in Long Island, Astoria.\n\nKENT: How ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many kids did you have?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Two, a boy and a girl. And I had one abortion.\n\nKENT: And the names of the kids?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Dr. George Gottlieb and Janet Gottlieb. My granddaughter from my son\nmarried ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a rabbi and she graduated from Harvard Law School. She is a lawyer. Now\nthat the kids have grown up, they are eight years old, the oldest, she goes back\nto work. Otherwise she stayed home. I was so proud of her because she's a\nwonderful mother.\n\nKENT: How do you suppose that the whole war experience ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"affected you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: It affected me every way. I didn't [have] my best life. When I was\nhealthy and fairly presentable, I spent it alone. I went to visit my\nmother-in-law in the mountains for her diabetes. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was my life and I didn't\nknow any other. When I came out with one hand, I had a lot of difficulties. I\ncouldn't function right.\n\nKENT: What kind of treatment was done over the years to try to improve it?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, they tried to help me. I've always gone to doctors, always. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"son is\none-in-a-million, he really takes good care of me and he gets the best doctors\nfor me. Nobody can help me.\n\nKENT: Did they ever figure out what exactly was injected?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Injection? No, they never did.\n\n(Inaudible discussion on the side about German archives)\n\nKENT: That's true. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"might be able to find out what that was, if that was an\ninoculation or . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Maybe they can help me, I don't know.\n\nKENT: How have you passed on this whole story to your children?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I didn't, that is why I contacted Anna because I want them to know. It\nshouldn't go without notice, you know. I want them to know, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they say\nhistory can repeat itself. I hope not because that was a horrible thing.\n\nKENT: So, you hadn't told them much over the years?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I didn't tell anybody, no. My daughter wanted to write my story when\nshe was in college. She was working all the time. When she was five years old,\nshe took me to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"corner furrier and I admired that jacket over there. She said\nto me, \"Do you like it Mommy?\" I said \"Yes.\" She said \"When I work, I buy it for\nyou.\" And she did.\n\nKENT: Did you associate with other immigrant survivors after you came here?\n\nIlona :Not really, it made me nervous. They have every ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Monday a meeting, coffee\nand I don't know what. I never go.\n\nKENT: I mean, back in New York, or . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, over here.\n\nKENT: I mean, during the late forties and fifties when you were building your\nlife did you . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I was much too busy, you know. With one hand and taking care of a\nfamily, I cooked every day. No, it was hard. Now I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't do anything. I need\nhelp, so I have a girl for two hours. I can't put on my shoes. My feet are all\nfrostbitten from the German lineup. We always lined up, they always counted us.\nI didn't have the proper shoes or the proper dress, so it was terrible.\n\nKENT: Did you ever go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back to Europe again?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I went back, when did I go back? Yeah, I went back with my husband, yeah.\n\nKENT: Where?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Budapest. I had a couple of cousins there.\n\nKENT: So, what was it like to walk those streets again?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Strange. The Hungarians are very . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're not good citizens. When\nthe Germans came in, they were Germans. When the Russians came in, they were\nRussians. They weren't much help. You found maybe one or two persons who were\nwilling to help you, but you can't make friends. I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's the story of the\nJewish life.\n\nKENT: How did the war affect your mother?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, she was alright. She came out, she helped me, and she was wonderful.\nWithout her I couldn't have two kids.\n\nKENT: Did it change your attitude about Jewishness or what it meant to you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, I was bitter.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like how or why?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Because I had to go through all this. The best years of my life, seven\nyears I was alone. Seven years is a very long time to be alone.\n\nKENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You didn't understand why it was happening?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I [unintelligible]. He went to work, and he couldn't get a job over\nhere. The union didn't want to accept him. You had to know people, and he\ndidn't. You need connections.\n\nKENT: Are you angry more at the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans or Hungarians, or who? Is there anger?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yeah, there is anger. I decided during the years, I had so much fun with\nthe kids, and I'm so proud of them. They're all college graduates, they're good\nkids. They didn't smoke, didn't party. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My son, when he was growing up, he needed\nmoney to take out a girl, he didn't have it. So, he went to work for a butcher,\nand he delivered meat, got tips and that's how he took out girls, yeah.\n\nKENT: When the Holocaust started becoming a more public topic, when movies and\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"documentaries and stuff started happening, what was that like for you? It was\nsort of private for 20 or 30 years.\n\nGOTTLIEB: It was frightening. Every day they came out with something, and the\nloudspeaker, you know, always announced that this is what the Jews must do or\nmust not do.\n\nKENT: I mean here, in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seventies and eighties, when all the documentaries\nstarted coming out, and the whole issue of survivors became more known.\n\nGOTTLIEB: I always wanted to write a book. I always wanted my life story, for the\nlegacy of my grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Now I am very grateful, that\nI can do it.\n\nKENT: Had you done any other . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I never did anything. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I told you, my daughter wanted to write my\nstory, and she said to me, that is going to be a bestseller.\n\nKENT: When the Spielberg interviews were being done ten or fifteen years ago . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: Oh, they didn't let me do it. My daughter said, \"Mom, don't do it. I'll\ndo it for you.\" But I get tired of waiting, you know?\n\nKENT: Your kids didn't want you to do it?\n\nGOTTLIEB: My daughter wanted to do it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"herself.\n\nKENT: You've forgotten a few details?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I've forgotten a lot already.\n\nKENT: Well think now, finally we're doing this: Are there any other memories, or\nother images that come back to you?\n\nGOTTLIEB: They will come at night when I go to sleep. If I have any, I'll call you.\nLeave your number, OK?\n\nKENT: It'll be good to get it down, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so your kids and grandkids can hear about it.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Right, right.\n\nKENT: Do you have nightmares about the past?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes, I do.\n\nKENT: Like what? What kind of memories are there?\n\nGOTTLIEB: A German hit me when I tried to steal a couple of apples. That was after\nthe war. We stayed somewhere and we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hungry. I was elected to go to the\ngarden to steal some apples. The German came out and beat me up.\n\nKENT: What other moments of the greatest danger happened, when you were the\nclosest being killed?\n\nGOTTLIEB: That's when we were in the bunker, that was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closest and I said Shema\nYisrael. Instead of the gas, water came down. I believe in God, that God helped\nme because the previous time when we went there, we saw all the naked bodies on\nthe floor. They swept them out and put them in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bag and took them to the\nincinerator. The smell was terrible.\n\nKENT: Can you describe the camp a little bit more? What do you remember about\nwhat it looked like, the set up . . .\n\nGOTTLIEB: We didn't have anything to eat, everybody was dreaming of food. At night\none started to say, \"Do you remember this dish? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did we do this?\" That was torturing.\n\nKENT: Were the women and men kept in separate parts of the camp?\n\nGOTTLIEB: No.\n\nKENT: Could you talk to each other?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Yes. Every minute there was a lineup. We had to stay outside. My feet are\nall frostbitten. It is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something you really don't want to remember. They're\nasking me here, how did I get like that? I don't like to talk about it . . . it\nis torture for me. I'd like to forget about it.\n\nKENT: What would you hope your kids and grandkids learn from all this?\n\nGOTTLIEB: I hope that they don't have to go through what I went through, mainly\nbecause they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say history repeats itself. That is what I hope.\n\nKENT: What personal qualities do you suppose helped you get through that? What\nkept you going?\n\nGOTTLIEB: Well, one thing, I wanted to be with my husband. That kept me alive and\nkept me going too.\n\nKENT: Is there anything else you'd want to add for right now? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/transcript/24818/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anything else we\ncan talk about.\n\nGOTTLIEB: No, I don't think so.\n\nKENT: Well, thank you for being willing to go through all that horrible history.\n\nGOTTLIEB: Thank you for coming out. I really appreciate it. I need this for my\ngranddaughter and great-grandchild. I want them to know what could happen,\nbecause they always say history repeats itself. I want them to be ready for it.\nI wasn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=4350.0,4380.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/annotation_set/462","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/annotation_set/462/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBudapest is the capital of Hungary.  On the eve of war the Jewish population was about 200,000.  Hungary’s antisemitic laws, modeled after Germany’s Nuremberg Laws, hit the Jewish community hard.  In 1940 Jews were sent to forced labor. The Hungarians never established a formal ghetto but did force the Jews to live together in communal houses.  The Germans invaded Hungary on March 19, 1944 and immediately began deporting Jews.  They started with Jews in communities outside of Budapest and in Transylvania and territories taken from Romania.  When those towns were ‘Judenrein’ (German: Jew free) the Germans turned to their final task: emptying Budapest of its Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/annotation_set/462/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSwiss officials, wanting to restrict immigration, negotiated with and approved of the Germans’ decision to put a red ‘J’ in the passports of Jews in 1938.   Further, although Switzerland did allow the entry of about 25,000 Jews they also rejected more than 30,000 Jewish refugees at the border, although they knew that their return usually meant that would be sent to labor camps.  The Swiss government publically apologized on March 8, 1955 for their role in marking passports.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/annotation_set/462/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBergen-Belsen was a concentration camp near Hanover in northwest Germany, located between the villages of Bergen and Belsen.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/annotation_set/462/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Theresienstadt (Terezín) \"camp-ghetto\" near Prague in the present day Czech Republic was opened in late 1941 and existed until May 1945. In the course of its existence, approximately 140,000 Jews from Germany, Austria, and about one third of the Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia were sent to Theresienstadt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1830.0,1860.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Ilona Gottlieb [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=26.0,158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn’t know my father.  He died before I can remember.  So, my mother raised me.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=26.0,158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=158.0,580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Very poor, very poor.  Sometimes we didn’t have much to eat.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=158.0,580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cuba","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler, Adolph","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Musicians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orchestras","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Switzerland","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=158.0,580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Beginning of war in Budapest","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=580.0,979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was very frightening.  I heard that this Swedish diplomat, Wallenberg came to Budapest and he was going to give out an affidavit that I didn’t have to go to the concentration camp.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=580.0,979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Arrow Cross Party (Hungary)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Budapest, Hungary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Concentration Camps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Protective Passports (Schutzpass)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wallenberg, Raoul Gustaf","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=580.0,979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Husband's escape from Hungary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=979.0,1182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He went with the girl orchestra to get a job, to go to Switzerland.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=979.0,1182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cuba","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=979.0,1182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Internment in Bergen-Belsen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1182.0,2200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After Hitler, we lost every desire to live.  We were very frightened.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1182.0,2200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Allied Powers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bergen-Belsen (Concentration camp)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frank, Anne","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"International Committee of the Red Cross","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kapos","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Liberation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Starvation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theresienstadt (Concentration camp-ghetto)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wallenberg, Raoul Gustaf","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=1182.0,2200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Liberation and reuniting with family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2200.0,2651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, I couldn’t believe it because I thought that I was going to die over there.  But then they took us to Budapest and I met my mother.  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=2200.0,2651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541/index/47811/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bergen-Belsen (Concentration camp)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bern, Switzerland","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Budapest, Hungary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cuba","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. 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I didn’t [have] my best life.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39197/file/110541#t=3573.0,4381.697"}]}]}]}