{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/v11vd6qt6b/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Epstein, Daniel"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1983 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Epstein, Daniel (Interviewee)","Unknown (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther \u0026amp; Herbert Taylor Jewish Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDaniel Epstein was interviewed by unknown person in 1983, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eThis is not a complete interview. This tape starts halfway through and ends after one side of a tape.\u003c/p\u003e (other)","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Epstein was born in 1963 in Cleveland, Ohio. He is the only son of Dr. Howard Epstein and Sondra Swack Epstein. He has two sisters, Abby and Julie. As a child, his family moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he attended Greenfield Hebrew Academy and later Lakeside High School. During his youth, Daniel was active in United Synagogue Youth and at Ahavath Achim Synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from high school, he studied for a year at Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He later attended Georgia State University and earned his Master of Business Administration from Northwestern University. He initially worked as an accountant and financial analyst. For 21 years, he worked for Proctor \u0026amp; Gamble. Currently, he operates his own marketing and brand strategy firm Daniel Epstein and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio. He also is an author of the book Portraits in Faith: Spiritual journeys of faith, hope, healing.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eDaniel began the interview discussing his thoughts on mixed marriages between Jews and non-Jews. He talks about the importance of teaching and helping teenagers see the uniqueness of Judaism. He expressed his view on what acting like a Jewish teenager means to him and the influence the United Synagogue Youth (USY) can have on Jewish teenagers. He reflects on how Judaism teaches values and the need for Jews to understand what makes them unique from non-Jews. He shares how USY and leaders of USY have influenced his ideas on Jewish values. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eDaniel talks about how his participation in USY helped increase his awareness of his Jewish heritage and Jewish identity. He described the antisemitism he experienced in high school and the lack of understanding of Judaism from the teachers. He talks about the impact his experience with taking a USY Israel pilgrimage and studying at Hebrew University of Jerusalem had on him. Daniel discusses being active in Ahavath Achim (AA) synagogue and why it’s important to him. He reflects on his participation in the rabbinical selection committee at AA.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe shares his thoughts on what AA and the Jewish community of Atlanta can do keep young people active in the Conservative movement. Daniel talks about the changes in Hebrew school that the Conservative movement has made and how it is working to connect with youth in a different way. He also reflects on how their involvement with USY can help Jewish youth connect with Israel and their Jewish heritage in Israel. He expressed concern with intermarriage and higher divorce rates. Daniel finished the interview by discussing his beliefs on what makes Jewish people unique and how Judaism requires a different way of life.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Epstein, Daniel (personal name)","Teperow, Alan (personal name)","Fagan, Rabbi Richard (personal name)","Epstein, Rabbi Harry (personal name)","Lifshen, Rabbi Leonard (personal name)","Goodman, Rabbi Arnold (personal name)","Auerbach, Rabbi David (personal name)","Karp, Dr. Herbert (personal name)","Tel Aviv, Israel (geographic term)","Jerusalem, Israel (geographic term)","Chamblee, Georgia (geographic term)","United Synagogue Youth (corporate name)","Blue Star Camps (corporate name)","Greenfield Hebrew Academy (corporate name)","Lakeside High School (corporate name)","Hebrew University of Jerusalem (corporate name)","Ahavath Achim Synagogue (corporate name)","Congregation Beth Shalom (corporate name)","Hebrew School (topical term)","Antisemitic (topical term)","Conservative Judaism (topical term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","Orthodox Judaism (topical term)","The Kahan Commission (topical term)","Bava Batra (topical term)","Rosh HaShanah (topical term)","Yom Tov (topical term)","Shavuot (topical term)","Torah (topical term)","Talmud (topical term)","Kashrut (topical term)","Shabbat (topical term)","Mitzvah (topical term)","Bar Mitzvah (topical term)","Tanakh (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDaniel Epstein was interviewed by unknown person in 1983, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is not a complete interview. This tape starts halfway through and ends after one side of a tape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Epstein was born in 1963 in Cleveland, Ohio. He is the only son of Dr. Howard Epstein and Sondra Swack Epstein. He has two sisters, Abby and Julie. As a child, his family moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he attended Greenfield Hebrew Academy and later Lakeside High School. During his youth, Daniel was active in United Synagogue Youth and at Ahavath Achim Synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from high school, he studied for a year at Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He later attended Georgia State University and earned his Master of Business Administration from Northwestern University. He initially worked as an accountant and financial analyst. For 21 years, he worked for Proctor \u0026amp; Gamble. Currently, he operates his own marketing and brand strategy firm Daniel Epstein and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio. He also is an author of the book Portraits in Faith: Spiritual journeys of faith, hope, healing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel began the interview discussing his thoughts on mixed marriages between Jews and non-Jews. He talks about the importance of teaching and helping teenagers see the uniqueness of Judaism. He expressed his view on what acting like a Jewish teenager means to him and the influence the United Synagogue Youth (USY) can have on Jewish teenagers. He reflects on how Judaism teaches values and the need for Jews to understand what makes them unique from non-Jews. He shares how USY and leaders of USY have influenced his ideas on Jewish values.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eDaniel talks about how his participation in USY helped increase his awareness of his Jewish heritage and Jewish identity. He described the antisemitism he experienced in high school and the lack of understanding of Judaism from the teachers. He talks about the impact his experience with taking a USY Israel pilgrimage and studying at Hebrew University of Jerusalem had on him. Daniel discusses being active in Ahavath Achim (AA) synagogue and why it\u0026rsquo;s important to him. He reflects on his participation in the rabbinical selection committee at AA.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe shares his thoughts on what AA and the Jewish community of Atlanta can do keep young people active in the Conservative movement. Daniel talks about the changes in Hebrew school that the Conservative movement has made and how it is working to connect with youth in a different way. He also reflects on how their involvement with USY can help Jewish youth connect with Israel and their Jewish heritage in Israel. He expressed concern with intermarriage and higher divorce rates. Daniel finished the interview by discussing his beliefs on what makes Jewish people unique and how Judaism requires a different way of life.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Epstein__Daniel_T1_S1.mp3"]},"duration":1894.55674,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/253/778/original/Epstein__Daniel_T1_S1.mp3?1728048335","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1894.55674,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Epstein, Daniel [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e With being in a mixed marriage, and the friends have to learn how to deal with him. The parents have to say, “What is the difference?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=0.0,9.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of answer is there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=9.0,12.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I think the answers come through more of an education that sure we're part of a human race . . . I don't think Judaism ever claims to be better. It just claims to be different. I think through various themes that they cover at conventions and in their own study sessions as a youth group, they may be able to better realize that Jews are different. That yes, if Judaism is not important to you, it's very easy to have a mixed marriage. It's very easy to be a very secular Jew, not care about your Judaism, and have a fantastic mixed marriage because it just won't matter. But if you recognize that you have a Jewish identity, that you have these things I talked about before, that you have a Jewish way of thinking that you make Jewish decisions and that you act in a Jewish manner and you possess these ethics, that supposedly Jews have incorporated through their religious values or cultural values, then you are different . . . There are reasons for some of the things you may have done. Even though sometimes it may appear that a mixed marriage may be going well, maybe you want to analyze exactly what your friend's parents . . . Some of the problems that marriage could bring about. Or if it is your parents, then maybe you may want to realize . . . Obviously, the child of a mixed marriage is more prone to marry out of the faith than one who is not. But I think we're trying to get the USY [United Synagogue Youth] to analyze and try to ask questions about themselves and the people . . . around them to maybe to learn more of what we're talking about. It's kind of a circular thinking of what I'm telling you because I don't want to go into great Jewish subjects of what it's all about. But I think we try to teach the teenager that Judaism is unique, Jews are unique. It's a unique way of thinking and of living. It's just not . . . a place to go on Saturdays and a bunch of laws that tell you what you can't do on Saturdays and what kind of food you can't eat, but that it's a way of living. That's a way of thinking about your life. It's . . . a philosophy of here and now and not the next world, but mainly of how to live your life here. That it's very exciting and that if you find the right people, if you find yourself a good teacher, then it can be an extremely rewarding experience. That it’s just not a bunch of rules. I think that's what USY is all about. Hebrew school, they may learn a lot about history and about all these other things, but until it's actualized, it doesn't mean bupkis, it really doesn't. I think that's a very important thing. I wish . . . it hurts me when I see a teenager who's not involved because they're passing up not just a bunch of good friends, but they're passing up a whole opportunity to not only to actualize, but then to internalize all these things that they've learned. This is what it's all about. This is what it means, and \"Hey, it's exciting. I want to raise a Jewish family.\" It may be far in the future after college, but that kind of thinking is what we promote in USY, and our success rate is incredible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=12.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . I like to know what you mean, more precisely by acting like a Jewish teenager, influencing a Jewish teenager . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=216.0,223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . I'll give you an example. Our international convention in 1980, when I was regional president, was in L.A. [Los Angeles, California], L.A. Marriott. The theme was b’tzelem Elohim [Hebrew: in the image of God], in the image of God . . . the theme concerned Jewish attitudes towards sex, Jewish values of profanity, of substance abuse, questions about your body. I can't think of any more pertinent example. Here you are, you have a thousand . . . USYers in one hotel. That's frightening to begin with. But you're talking about things that are pertinent, and we're talking about teenagers who are becoming sexually active or who are . . . in the process of becoming sexually active. I don't think there's any . . . intruse about that. I don't think that's . . . it's not a group where they try to cover it up and say, no, no, no, this is not happening, kids aren't going out and getting drunk and they're not drinking. But I think they try to approach and say, \"Yes, there's a way. These are the facts.\" You get rabbis. We have a whole new breed of rabbis in this country that are coming out of the seminary that are just fascinating and so many fantastic rabbis in this area, who have been able to sit down and actually you'll find some of these USYer's coming back to these rabbis for help and counseling at various conventions. I think that's exciting. But I think the point is that you're talking about Jewish values of sex. You're talking about . . . what does it mean when you're cussing all the time? Why do you need to or what is Judaism in textual sources? What does it say about profanity and its use? What does Judaism say about the body? Is it like Christianity? No, it's not. Christianity says the body is bad, talking original sin, being naked. Judaism has no concept of the body as being bad and of the people being bad like that. It's important for a person to realize this because I think they interpret maybe what society says versus what the teenagers say, \"Let's see, I'm in high school. I'm supposed to be anti-establishment.\" Well, I think a lot of what goes on in a USY convention is that we're teaching some of the kids to at least analyze their behavior in light of what Judaism says. You'll find that Jews on the average are some very moral people. Not saying that non-Jews aren't, we have both kinds. But the Jewish teenagers ask more questions, I think. That's just a personal observation. The Jewish teenager will say, \"Hey, is this something I may want to talk to my parents about. Is this something I may want to talk to someone else? A counselor, a rabbi. Do I feel close enough to my rabbi? I know this guy. He's a rabbi in Daytona Beach [Florida], and he'll be at the next convention. Maybe I'll ask him about his personal situation.\" But when you talk about, things like that about pot, we talk about alcohol, which is clearly in every high school kid's life now. At one point either rejects it at the beginning or [is] exposed to it, what do you do? There's definitely a Jewish response to that. Not necessarily, the Jewish response is not going to be that they come to conventions and that we tell them, \"No, don't touch pot.\" Because that's obvious. That wouldn't be fair, and I think that's a bunch of bull too. But I think, the Jewish response is a way of analyzing. What does this mean? What kind of people do I associate, if I'm going to start smoking pot? It's against the law. Does that mean anything to me? Is it harmful to my health? That's clearly within the lines of Jewish thought. You don't want to harm your body, but questions like that they may not have thought of. Moral questions that I think a typical non-Jew may not ask. That's all part . . . of the process of knowing that you're unique and part of a unique thinking system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=223.0,469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e When you say both unique and unique differences, what are you referring to most?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=469.0,475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e In terms of . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=475.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e You say Jews are unique and . . . there is a unique thinking system. What [indistinct: 7:59]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=478.0,486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e The values. I'm talking values. That . . . Jews are . . . I think the way that many Jews are brought up they learn many values without them knowing it. I think if Jews actually knew all the things that were uniquely Jewish about them, we'd have far less intermarriages because they'd realize how much a part of their orientation it is. I really do. I'm a person who, because of various experiences, [is] very excited about being Jewish and I, in terms of observance, do as much as I feel I can and as I want to, to express how I feel but I'm very excited about it. I think it's exciting when a teenager learns about what I call unique thinking, because not only is it a set of values, but Jews are taught to question. We're not talking about a religion based on faith. There is no . . . salvation through faith in Judaism. Absolutely none. It's a religion that's based on action and questioning. It shouldn't be surprising to know that two Jews have three opinions, because that's a Jewish trait to question, to argue with your rabbi either, why can't I cuss all around town? Or why does it stay here in Talmud Bava Batra . . . for whatever. But I think questioning is so much a part of Judaism. I think that's incorporated, actually, they're trying to incorporate in the Hebrew school's now, in the afternoon religious schools, teaching children about prayer and about self-analyzation, about asking questions about themselves at a very young age. How do I perceive myself in relation to the people around me and in my environment and in the context of public school where I'm with my non-Jewish friends versus when I'm at the synagogue at junior congregation with my Jewish friends, how do I perceive myself? . . . I think they're teaching children at a younger age more what has been very subtle and very subconscious all along that is questioning many things around you and being more aware of your environment and yourself and also, the more conscious and the more obvious in that's the value systems, the actual values that you're taught. I think that's what I'm excited about. That's when I get excited when a person in a youth program learns that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=486.0,635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you have any specific experience with yourself . . . when you came to the realization about Jewish identity, Jewish values . . . and the values of being Jewish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=635.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e That's good. I like that. It would have to be probably in USY and probably the influence of some very important people to me in my life. Like I said, Alan Teperow who was certainly . . . took me under his arm, his wing and certainly, excuse me, prodded me through USY  to the point where we could both look back and smile and say, \"Geez, you were a little . . . you were a nothing when you came in here.\" Which I wouldn't agree with him, but to that point where it was fascinating. But . . . the people and the people that had an effect on me in terms of an actual experience . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=647.0,696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . That crystallizing kind of experience, where you come out of it very sure of your identity. You're very sure of the direction you’re going to take. Your very sure of your faith is. What you Jewishness means to you and so forth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=696.0,716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I am thinking. I'm trying to remember. I really can't think of a specific experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=716.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e When were you sort of aware of what you call the uniqueness of Jewish heritage and Jewish identity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=721.0,732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say in a general term when I became very involved in the chapter level of USY. When I was exposed to many parts of the synagogue as a leader of the youth. I was invited to be on the board of the synagogue and to see those kinds of workings, and when I was able to have more contact with the rabbi or with other rabbis in the area. I think some of the conventions that we went to, like I told you, one rabbi in particular, Rabbi Richard Fagan from Savannah [Georgia], at that time, had a tremendous impact on a lot of us, a very young guy, very outgoing, very different in his style. But I think got across to us the message that Judaism was contemporary which is also another big problem. A lot of people don't think it's contemporary, it's an old archaic religion, which is obviously false, but that it's contemporary and that it's exciting. I think we did that in many ways, but I think some of the study groups that we were in at conventions. I think if you want me to pinpoint after the first time, I really felt part of this excitement, I would probably have to be, either a regional, what we call an encampment, every summer they have up at Camp Blue Star in North Carolina or at one of the international conventions. When you have such a tremendous amount of people, especially international convention. You walk in, you have a thousand other people, not just teenagers and not just Jewish teenagers. But we're you're talking the cream of the crop, the leaders of USY in the nation. You're talking a thousand USYer's all around you. People are literally screaming their heads off with cheers. It gets later into the week, whether it [indistinct: 14:05] or any other kind of  Hebrew songs, and you're hearing this and I think it really has impact, when you see so many other people and you don't feel alone and you can feel very much alone, even in a synagogue like AA [Ahavath Achim]. Even and especially in the Southeast, where you don't walk down the street and there aren't five delis anymore and where everyone's not a Jew. That's very hard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=732.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e You've felt that personally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=870.0,873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure, with antisemitic things in school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=873.0,877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Like what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=877.0,877.61224"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Whether its name [calling] . . . When I transfer from the Hebrew Academy to the elementary school, the public school system, immediately, I wasn't used to these kinds of things. I wasn't used to . . . I never seen the typical little redneck. The typical . . . the Southerner, the Southern Baptist, the attitude. I'd never been exposed to that. In that way, I'm glad I switched to public school because I learned how to deal with these things. But sure, there's a lot of antisemitism around . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=877.61224,907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e For you, what kind of things [indistinct: 15:10] I have heard if from different generations of people [indistinct: 15:19: possibly: describing the types of antisemitism that other generations experienced at school].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=907.0,926.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Really?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=926.0,927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e [indistinct: 15:27: possibly: something at a kickoff]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=927.0,934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it's mostly verbal and some physical harassment, but you just have a find a big Jew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=934.0,942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e That was because . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=942.0,943.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Yes. Clearly antisemitic in nature. Mostly you have a lot of problems. What do you do when the teacher is going to give you an exam on Rosh HaShanah or on Shavuot. What if the teacher goes to give an exam on Shavuot, and you say, \"I can't, it's Yom Tov. I really can't come to school. I will be in synagogue.\" She says, \"BS [Bull Sh…] It's not on my calendar. What is this holiday Shavuot?\"  You start telling her and you tell her that's when we got Torah from Sinai, and she starts looking at you like she wants to put you in the rubber room. She doesn't understand. There's a lot of insensitivity to other religions in this area of the country, which I think is improving. But also in high school, I made a ruckus and was known from time to time for the kinds of things I said because of, a lot of unfairness on the part of teachers giving tests and not understanding about the Jewish students, especially when a lot of the Jewish students may not be observant. What do you say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=943.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Where was your high school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=998.0,1000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Lakeside High School. It's here . . . in Atlanta. But I think it's difficult . . . to be a Jew as they say. I'll keep that one in English. But it's hard to be a Jew in the South. I think that a program, a good youth program like what I experienced at AA changed my life. If I would not had been in USY, I'd be a much different person. I would not have met Alan Teperow or Rabbi Richard Fagan or people like this or been influenced by Rabbi [Harry] Epstein, my life would be totally different. If I wouldn't have had the chance, a very incredible chance to go to Israel on USY Israel pilgrimage and which the synagogue . . . I received the Joseph Zalman Educational Scholarship, which paid for my trip to Israel in high school, which was fascinating. I think if I would not have gone to Israel, my whole life would be different. First of all, because it was the impetus for going last year and spending all last year in Jerusalem [Israel] . . . Last year I was at Hebrew University in Jerusalem, which was also a fascinating experience, and also very much on the suggestion and the help of Rabbi Epstein . . . I feel very much a part of a . . . I feel as if I'm just now beginning to work back a lot of what I owe them.  I feel I do owe them a lot. I know I will be an active member AA and . . . hopefully be a force within the congregation as I've tried to be in the past . . . I teach Hebrew school. I have in the past. Right now, I don't because of this other job. I'm working for the Conservative movement now, which are these and some other things, I'm trying to, trying to put back what the system has given me. I think it's exciting. If there's something I don't like, then I get involved and I help change it. If there's . . . something that I like, then I'll . . . maintain my involvement, and I work to keep it there. I think that's an exciting system. To tell you the truth, I just wish more people would have had the opportunities I have because I'm clearly . . . I view myself as being raised by AA, literally, because of all the opportunities they gave me. All the way from being president of junior congregation, being president of their youth chapter, to becoming president of the Southeast for the organization to serving on the rabbinical selection committee to now working for the Conservative movement, and last year having spent the year in Israel. I don't plan on stopping now. I view this as continued involvement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e What was serving on the rabbinical selection committee like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1158.0,1159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e It was for the associate rabbi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1159.0,1160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e For the . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1160.0,1161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . For the congregation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1161.0,1164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1164.0,1165.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e For Rabbi [Leonard] Lifshen, was the eventual one, choice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1165.0,1167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e What was that like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1167.0,1169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e That was very interesting. It was a very diverse group, which was good to see that it wasn't . . . It obviously had a cross-section of the congregation. I think Dr. Karp did a very good job on the selection committee, and I appreciate him putting me on it. It was interesting . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1169.0,1189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Was this after Rabbi [Arnold] Goodman came?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1189.0,1190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, no. This is Rabbi Epstein still, the rabbi. This was when Rabbi [David] Auerbach left to go to Beth David in Miami [Florida]. I believe that, no, it was neat to tell you the truth. I had a lot of contacts already because I was then president of the region, so I knew the executive director of the region, and I knew all these . . . I knew the president of United Synagogue nationally, and I knew all these other people so I could . . . I had my own connections to find out about these people that we were trying to interview. I think I was able to provide some good information. I think I provided an interesting perspective, like I said, because . . . I didn't care, and I wasn't familiar with a lot of the intricacies of the politics. But together apparently [indistinct:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1190.0,1233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e But together apparently [indistinct: 20:33]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1233.0,1234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e They could be. I'm not associated with that group. But in a group like the board of trustees, like I said, I think it's important . . . I definitely can say without any doubt that sometimes the youth of our congregation can tell us a lot. I think you'll agree with that a lot of people don't realize how much the younger teenagers and even the elementary school kids can perceive about the kinds of things we do and the kinds of activities that go on and relationship between people within the synagogue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1234.0,1273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of broad direction do you think the synagogue and the Jewish community of Atlanta can do to in order to recruit and continue to recruit young people to [indistinct: 21:14: possibly 'the Conservative movement?']","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1273.0,1285.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Look the interesting thing about the Conservative movement, very much unlike the Reform movement, is that we're in association. When AA is searching for an associate rabbi, our organization in New York doesn't say, \"Okay, Haim Schmehl you're going to Atlanta.\" Every synagogue is independent. Therefore, we're literally an association of independent synagogues. That's why when you join the Conservative movement, as we just affiliated in the congregation in Chamblee, Georgia, Beth Shalom. You have some basic guidelines about kashrut and Shabbat and bingo [interviewee laughs] and things like that. Other than that, you're very independent synagogue, independent on decisions about women, independent on all kinds of . . . everything else literally. The rabbi is the [Hebrew phrase: the leader: 22:18] and what the congregation does that's how decisions are made. I think, in terms of recruiting youth, it's therefore up to the congregations a great deal, and we try to provide them, and a lot of resources try to provide them with quality conferences and conventions like we're having this weekend and like the international conventions and the regional conventions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e What convention is this weekend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1361.0,1362.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e This weekend is a subregional convention that will include the north of the Florida line. I think, it's going to be up to the individual synagogues. I think what's going to have to happen is a greater relationship between the youth and education departments. I think something the Conservative movement is trying to do is that they're trying to take away a lot of that fear and a lot of those negative feelings that children get when they go to Hebrew school. I think it's very important because they do. I think something that a lot of people don't realize is that kids no longer just go to Hebrew school and some Israeli gets up and teach them Hebrew. It's no longer like that. There's a curriculum, there's various curriculums for the afternoon religious school. We in the Conservative movement have one main one now, which is fascinating. It followed this five-year plan, [and] the child will go out of the Hebrew school with a great deal of knowledge and understanding. I think we're . . . The education department are steering away from actually teaching Hebrew as a language. A kid's not going to speak Hebrew by seventh grade. Okay. I think they're starting to teach Hebrew more in the context of using Hebrew vocabulary, learning not words like [indistinct: 24:03: Hebrew words], but words like Torah and Talmud and mitzvah and bar mitzvah, things like this, and I think . . . there's more of a veering towards that, towards Hebrew words and a Hebrew vocabulary, not how to get . . . onto a bus in Tel Aviv [Israel]. I think there's going to be a base for that, we want the child to be able to obviously read, be able to write Hebrew very well, but not pushing to the extent conversational Hebrew. We're talking about a Hebrew vocabulary, talking about Jewish history and appreciating the plight of the Jews and what kind of . . . very unique history. If had to pick one word about this whole conversation, it's unique . . . unique history and about prayer. They're very, some very new and real approaches to prayer and all of this within the context of the Conservative movement. If a child goes through that, and we have to take it for granted, any child that's going to be concerned or any parent that's going to be concerned with Jewish education will at least send the kid to the Hebrew school, to the afternoon Hebrew school. After that it becomes a question does the kid go on. Does he join USY? I believe if we have more and more children that go through that kind of education, whereby the time they're in seventh grade, they realize, \"Hey, I'm unique to Joe Smith down the street.\" Or when I pray, it's not just a bunch of Hebrew words that I don't understand, but that this prayer actually may have meaning to me whether I read it in English or Hebrew, hopefully Hebrew. But this is what the essence of this prayer is, and maybe I can say it in this way, or I'll say it in the traditional way, or if a child can learn . . . the big philosophy of the Conservative movement and which is totally different than both Reform and Orthodox. These kinds of things are very important that will lead a child to joining a USY chapter where he will articulate all these fantastic things he has just learned about himself and Judaism and participate with a group of Jews and have Jewish friends, alongside with his non-Jewish friends at public school. To start dating and learn the socialization process of the teenage years through USY and through meeting other girls and guys at conventions and within their own group at the synagogue. This is the direction the Conservative movements taking. I think it's working, and it already is getting kids to Israel. Israel is now a new priority for the Conservative movement, which it really hadn't been really up until a couple of years ago, and that's exciting. Yes, definitely. That's an exciting kind of thing too. But this is where they're pushing people, and especially Israel, because Israel, a lot of children who are not as observant or may not understand, may get to Israel and say, \"Wow, here I am.\" Open up my Tanakh, open up my Bible. This is where Abraham was supposed to have been. This is where Abraham is supposedly buried or \"Wow, I remember in Hebrew school, the chana or the Hebrew teacher told us about this, and here I am.\" Or this is so needy, everyone's Jewish, look at all these beautiful women. They're all Jewish. They may be Middle Eastern, but they are all Jewish. These kinds of things. Israel has been able to just crystallize a lot of things for people, a lot of USYers that has never . . . For a lot of people who can't identify with going to synagogue every Saturday morning, it doesn't mean they're not Jewish. I am a very big pusher of that theory that there's so many other things. I think you have to have more than Jewish identity. Jewish identity won't cut anything for you, nowadays. We're in too much danger internally. But I think . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e Meaning Israel or . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1667.0,1668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I'm talking Judaism. I think most of our problems are internal. I think antisemitism may keep us going from time to time, but I think our real problems are internal and not external. Intermarriage, high divorce rate. No one talks about the high divorce rate. It's one of the . . . I'm not sure what it is in the regular . . . society, but it's extremely high amongst Jews. What's the reason? Not only are we marrying less Jews to Jews, but many more of them are getting divorced. What does this mean? . . . What are the priorities of the people . . . who are mixed marriages? Are they raising their kids Jewish? Do they say they are? Do they care? Will a humanistic Judaism really work? I believe no. I think . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1668.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . What do you mean by a humanistic Judaism?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1715.0,1716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm a person. You're a person. Sheila Moore outside in the hall is a person and therefore there is no difference between Jews and non-Jews. It's just that Jews are raised in a specific way. Some of these traditions are very nice, and they're good because they're traditions and I go to synagogue . . . or if I go to synagogue, I may hum along with the prayers because it's a nice melody, and I think this melody moves me into an upper consciousness. Hopefully you won't say towards nirvana, but an upper consciousness and I think this is really nice and, it makes me feel closer to some superhuman being, but all people are very much alike, and we all have a value system. That's. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1716.0,1758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eUNKNOWN:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you answer that? How would you count it . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1758.0,1761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/transcript/71494/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eEPSTEIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say Jews are not better than anyone else, but there is a definite . . . What I've told you before, there's a definite philosophy to Judaism. It's a different way of life. You don't find Jews Bible quoting; you don't find Jews doing good deeds. You find Jews doing mitzvahs because we have a mitzvot aseh [Hebrew: positive commandments]. You don't have a commandment unless you have a commander . . . You have to think about that mitzvah's a very unique concept, that we don't . . . because I . . . find an old lady in the street, I bring her to my house. It doesn't mean that I'm doing a good deed. I'm doing a mitzvah. I've been given a set of mitzvot to do. I do those ones which are important to me. I'm doing hachasat orchim [Hebrew: welcoming guests]. I'm bringing a stranger into my house, or I'm clothing the poor, or I participate in a [indistinct: 30:09: Hebrew term] which I do. These are very important things. These are very Jewish things. Sure, society as a whole may do them, but they may do them, or they may not do them. They can be moral. They can't be moral.  I think that is best represented in the Kahan Commission that they had for the massacres in Sabra and Shatila this past year when I was in Israel. What other country . . . Can you imagine a country that didn't do the killings but was there supposed to be protecting the camp has its own commission and takes two of its highest-ranking officials out of the cabinet because they could have known. Okay, that is what they found that they knew something like this could have happened but weren't sure when. In a country where 400,000 people, ten percent of the population gathers in the square in the capital to protest the fact that the highest officials could have known what was going to happen. Now that's a morality that is unknown to this world. That's very Jewish. That's not Israeli, it's Jewish. Whether all the Israelis know it or not. It's like you're doing a mitzvah, whether you know it or not. I don't view myself as some radical person. I view myself as someone who has finally understood after many fortunate years of good experiences that how contemporary . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1761.0,5527.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited Synagogue Youth (USY) and Kadima are the official youth organizations of the Conservative movement of Judaism. USY was founded in 1951 and has grown from a handful of chapters to an international organization with thousands of high school age members. In 1964, Kadima was formalized as a separate entity for pre-USY age young people. USY was conceived as a means of meeting the social, educational, religious, and recreational needs of Jewish teenagers. The organization seeks to involve teenagers in synagogue life and help build the Jewish community of the future. As a Zionist organization, it also works to build a relationship between Israel and Jewish youth in America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=12.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school can be either the Jewish equivalent of Sunday school (an educational regimen separate from secular education, focusing on topics of Jewish history and learning the Hebrew language), or a primary, secondary, or college level educational institution where some or all of the classes are taught in Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=12.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles, California is located southern California. It’s the state’s largest city and the second largest city in the United States. It has long been known as the center of the United States film and television industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=223.0,469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDaytona Beach is a city located on the Atlantic coast of Florida. The city was founded in 1870. Today it is known for the Daytona International Speedway, which hosts the popular Daytona 500 NASCAR race. The city is also known for its wide beach and smooth, hard-packed sands. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=223.0,469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBava Batra is the third of the three Talmudic tractates in the Talmud in the order Nezikin. It deals with a person’s responsibilities and the rights of the owner of property. It is part of the Judaism’s oral law. Originally it along with Bava Kamma and Bava Metzia formed a single tractate called Nezikin.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=486.0,635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlan Teperow (b. 1949) was a leader with United Synagogue Youth (USY) for many years. From 1976-1982, he served as the Program Director of Ahavath Achim Synagogue. He became involved in USY regional leadership and served three times as a madrich on USY Israel Pilgrimage. Originally from Massachusetts, he returned to Boston in 1982 and became executive director of the trans-denominational Synagogue Council of Massachusetts until his retirement in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=647.0,696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Richard Fagan served as the rabbi of Congregation Agudath Achim in Savannah, Georgia. He resigned from the congregation in 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=732.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSavannah is the oldest city in the state of Georgia. It is a coastal city, separated from Charleston, South Carolina by the Savannah River. The city and the colony of Georgia was founded in 1733 when General James Oglethorpe and settlers arrived. During the Revolutionary War the city was the southernmost commercial port and during the Civil War it was the sixth most populous city in the Confederacy. City officials negotiated a peaceful surrender of the city in 1864, saving the city from destruction by General Sherman’s army. The city is known for its historic district with its 22 parklike squares, which was based on a design known as the Oglethorpe Plan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=732.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBlue Star Camps is a Jewish summer camp for children ages 6-16 located in Hendersonville, North Carolina. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=732.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=732.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntisemitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=873.0,877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in Atlanta in 1953, the Katherine and Jacob Greenfield Hebrew Academy (GHA), originally known as The Hebrew Academy, was the first Jewish day school in the country to be accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. In 2014, GHA (grades pre-K through 8) merged with Yeshiva Atlanta high school to become what is now Atlanta Jewish Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=877.61224,907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSouthern Baptists are a Christian denomination based in the United States. The denomination was found in Augusta, Georgia in 1845 and has grown to be the largest Baptist denomination in the world. It is also the largest Protestant and second-largest Christian denomination in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=877.61224,907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosh HaShanah [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh HaShanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippur may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=943.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShavuot is the Hebrew word for “weeks” and refers to the Jewish festival marking the giving of the Torah by G-d at Mount Sinai. It occurs at the completion of the seven-week counting period between Passover and Shavuot. Shavuot, like many other Jewish holidays, began as an ancient agricultural festival that marked the end of the spring barley harvest and the beginning of the summer wheat harvest. In ancient times, Shavuot was a pilgrimage festival during which Israelites brought crop offerings to the Temple in Jerusalem. Today, it is a celebration of Torah, education, and actively choosing to participate in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=943.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYom Tov is a Hebrew term that refers to the holidays observed by Jews throughout the Hebrew calendar. It is sometimes referred to as “festival days” and includes the six biblically mandated festival dates on which all activities prohibited on Shabbat are prohibited, except for some related to food preparation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=943.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTorah [Hebrew: teaching] is a general term that covers all Jewish law including the vast mass of teachings recorded in the Talmud and other rabbinical works. “Sefer Torah” refers to the sacred scroll on which the first five books of the Bible (the Pentateuch) are written, but it is often shortened simply to \"Torah\" in casual speech and writing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=943.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLakeside High School is a public high school encompassing grades 9-12 in Atlanta, Georgia, in unincorporated DeKalb County. The school is part of the DeKalb County School System.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Epstein, the formerly Orthodox congregation began to shift to Conservative Judaism, and officially joined the United Synagogue of America (now the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism), in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJerusalem is located in western Asia and is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is considered to be a holy city for the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Both Israel and Palestine claim Jerusalem as their capital. The status of the city remains one of the core issues in the on-going Israeli-Palestinian conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI) is a public research university based in Jerusalem, Israel. Co-founded by Albert Einstein and Chaim Weizmann in July 1918, the public university officially opened in April 1925. It is the second-oldest Israeli university, having been founded 30 years before the establishment of the State of Israel but six years after the older Technion University. The university has five affiliated teaching hospitals (including the Hadassah Medical Center), seven faculties, more than 100 research centers, and 315 academic departments. Four of Israel's prime ministers are alumni of the university. As of 2018, 15 Nobel Prize winners, two Fields Medalists, and three Turing Award winners have been affiliated with the HUJI. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as Masorti Judaism, Conservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual, but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. In general, Conservative congregations also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis, and bat mitzvah). The governing body for Conservative Judaism in the United States is the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism (USCJ), formerly known as the United Synagogue of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1000.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Leonard Lifshen (1941-2017) served as associate rabbi at Ahavath Achim from 1982-1985 and rabbi at Congregation Beth Shalom from 1985-1989. In 1989, he became rabbi at Congregation Brith Shalom in Erie, Pennsylvania, where he served until his retirement in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1165.0,1167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Rubin Karp (1922-2016), a native of Atlanta, was a prominent neurologist and chair of Emory University's Department of Neurology. In 1983, Dr. Karp became the inaugural medical director at the Wesley Woods Center, the nation's first geriatric hospital. He was president of the Ahavath Achim Synagogue where, for over three decades, he sounded the shofar during the High Holy Days services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1169.0,1189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Arnold M. Goodman served as senior rabbi of Ahavath Achim in Atlanta, Georgia from 1982 to 2002. He came to Atlanta from Minnesota where he had served as rabbi of Adath Jeshurun in Minnetonka since 1966. He currently serves as its senior rabbinic scholar. Upon his retirement, the synagogue honored them by designating its adult education program as Beit Aharon: The Rabbi Arnold and Rae Goodman Learning Institute for Adult Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1189.0,1190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi David Hillel Auerbach (1938-2016) was a graduate of McGill University and ordained by the Jewish Theological Seminary. He held pulpits at Shaar Shalom in Chomedy, Quebec, Ahavat Achim Synagogue in Atlanta and Beth David in Miami, before founding the Bet Shira Congregation in Pinecrest, where he was the Rabbi until his retirement in 2005 and continued as Rabbi Emeritus until his passing in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1190.0,1233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth David Congregation, today known as the Center for Jewish Life at Beth David, is located in Miami Florida. The congregation dates back to 1912 with the formal founding of the congregation in 1920. It was Miami’s first synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1190.0,1233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiami is a city located in south Florida on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the second largest city in Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1190.0,1233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChamblee, Georgia is located in northern DeKalb County, northeast of Atlanta. The city was incorporated in August 1908. The city was initially known for its dairy farms, but in 1917 some of the land was transformed into Camp Gordon. After World War I ended, Camp Gordon was closed, but reopened as a Navy Flight Training Center in 1941. Lawson Veterans Hospital was later built on Camp Gordon’s site.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Beth Shalom is a Conservative synagogue on Winters Chapel Road in Atlanta.  The congregation was founded in 1975. While construction of the congregation’s first permanent home in suburban DeKalb County was underway, a cross-burning occurred at the site in full view of more than 75 members of the congregation, including children, who were attending Friday evening services at an elementary school across the street. The synagogue was completed and dedicated in 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKashrut is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). In colloquial English, kosher often means \"legitimate,\" \"acceptable,\" \"permissible,\" \"genuine,\" or \"authentic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat (Hebrew) or Shabbos (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1285.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Talmud [Hebrew: study] is the legal code spanning 1,000 years. Based on the teachings of the Bible, the Talmud interprets biblical laws and commandments. It also contains a rich store of historic facts and traditions. It has two divisions: the Mishnah and the Gemara. The Mishnah is the interpretation of Biblical law. The Gemara is a commentary on the Mishnah by a group of later scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew word “mitzvah” refers to precepts and commandments as commanded by G-d. It is used in rabbinical Judaism to refer to the 613 commandments given in the Torah at Mount Sinai and the seven rabbinic commandments instituted later for a total of 620. In its secondary meaning, the Hebrew “mitzvah” refers to a moral deed performed as a religious duty.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTel Aviv, Israel is located on the Mediterranean coast. It is considered the economic and technological center of Israel. It is the country’s second most populous city after Jerusalem.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTanakh is the Hebrew Bible, a canonical collection of Jewish texts corresponding closely, but not identically, to the Protestant and Catholic Old Testament.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1362.0,1667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMitzvot is the plural form of mitzvah. The Hebrew word “mitzvah” refers to precepts and commandments as commanded by G-d. It is used in rabbinical Judaism to refer to the 613 commandments given in the Torah at Mount Sinai and the seven rabbinic commandments instituted later for a total of 620. In its secondary meaning, the Hebrew “mitzvah” refers to a moral deed performed as a religious duty.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1761.0,5527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Kahan Commission, formally known as the Commission on the Inquiry into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut, was established on September 28, 1982 by the Israeli government. The commission investigated the Sabra and Shatila massacre that occurred on September 16-18, 1982. During the event, between 1300 and 3500 civilians, mostly Palestinians and Lebanese Shias, were killed in Beirut, Lebanon during the Lebanese Civil War. The commission determined that killings were carried out by the Lebanese Forces, one of the main Christian militias in Lebanon with no Israelis directly responsible. However, the commission did find that Israel did know of the group’s entry into the camps, and they were indirectly responsible. It was recommended that Defense Minister Ariel Sharon resign, and the Director Military Intelligence not continue in his post and that other senior officers be removed.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1761.0,5527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778/annotation_set/1643/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSabra is a neighborhood in Beirut, Lebanon and the Shatila refugee camp is adjacent to it. The Shatila refugee camp was originally set up for Palestinian refugees in 1949 and is located in southern Beirut. In 1982, the area was the site of the Sabra and Shatila massacre. Since the eruption of the Syrian Civil War in 2012, the Shatila refugee camp has received a large number of Syrian refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136775/file/253778#t=1761.0,5527.0"}]}]}]}