{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/st7dr2qq5f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Blumberg, Janice Oettinger Rothschild (2020)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2020-02-28 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Blumberg, Janice Oettinger Rothschild (1924-2024) (Interviewee)","Berman, Sandra (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg was interviewed by Sandra Berman on February 28, 2020 in Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg was born in Atlanta on February 13, 1924. Her mother, Carolyn Goldberg Oettinger, was born in Columbus, Georgia and her father, Waldo Edouard Oettinger, was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Janice attended public schools and Sunday school at The Temple. She started college at the age of 15 and graduated from the University of Georgia during World War II when she was 18. During World War II, Janice worked for the Army Corps of Engineers in the Panama Canal Zone, where they were combating malaria, and in Washington, D.C. for the Signal Corps among other jobs. During that time she also spent some time in Mexico attending the Experiment in International Living.  \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen she returned to Atlanta in 1946 she met and married Jacob Rothschild, the new rabbi at the Temple. They had two children, Marcia and William. On October 12, 1958 The Temple was bombed by white supremacists. Janice testified in court against George Bright, the primary suspect in the bombing. During the civil rights era, she worked on behalf of the National Conference of Christians and Jews and served as a panelist with Coretta Scott King and others speaking to groups about “Raising Children of Good Will.” After the leading the congregation through a time of transition, growth and controversy, Rabbi Rothschild died suddenly of a heart attack on New Year’s Eve in 1973. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1975, Janice married insurance executive David Blumberg who served as president of B’nai B’rith International. They lived in Washington, D.C. After her second husband passed away, Janice remained in Washington, D.C. until she returned to Atlanta in 2009. Janice is active in Jewish community and civic activities, and has held leadership positions in numerous organizations including the B’nai B’rith Klutznick Museum, the American Jewish Historical Society, and the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington. She also served as President of the Southern Jewish Historical Society. Janice is the author of several books including \u003cem\u003eProphet in a Time of Priests: Rabbi Alphabet Browne\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003e1845-1929\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eOne Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eWhat’s Next?: Southern Dreams, Jewish Deeds and the Challenge of Looking Back while Moving Forward\u003c/em\u003e. She has contributed to publications including the \u003cem\u003eAtlanta Journal-Constitution\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ethe\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eSouthern Israelite\u003c/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003e Encyclopedia Judaica\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eEducation for One World\u003c/em\u003e, and\u003cem\u003e the Jewish Georgian\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eJanice passed away on February 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview Janice talks about her family history and growing up in Atlanta. She discusses the influence of her family, and being well connected in the Jewish community. She recalls meeting her first husband, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild, and his influence on both her and on the congregation he lead. She remembers the bomb threat to her family just after The Temple bombing, and the subsequent trail, where she testified against George Bright. She also tells stories about her relationship with the King family, and helping plan the Nobel Prize dinner for Martin Luther King Jr. Lastly, she shares some of her greatest personal accomplishments. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29104"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Heyman, Josephine Joel (1901-1993) (personal name)","Gershon, Rebecca Mathis (1899-1987) (personal name)","Rothschild, Jacob M. (1911-1973) (personal name)","Marx, David (1872-1962) (personal name)","Venable, James R. (1901-1993) (personal name)","Garland, Reuben (1903-2011) (personal name)","Bright, George (personal name)","Greene, Melissa Fay (1952-) (personal name)","Hoover, John E. (1895-1972) (personal name)","Hartsfield, William B. (1890-1971) (personal name)","King, Martin Luther Jr. (1929-1968) (personal name)","Hallinan, Paul J. (1911-1968) (personal name)","King, Coretta Scott (1907-2006) (personal name)","McGill, Ralph E. (1898-1969) (personal name)","Allen, Ivan Jr. (1911-2003) (personal name)","Mays, Benjamin E. (1894-1984) (personal name)","Young, Andrew J. (1932-) (personal name)","Shulhafer, Hannah Grossman (1901-1984) (personal name)","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (1890-1969) (personal name)","Hamilton, Grace Towns (1907-1992) (personal name)","Smith College (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Druid Hills High School (corporate name)","University of Georgia (corporate name)","Standard Club—Atlanta, Georgia (corporate name)","American Council for Judaism (corporate name)","White Citizens’ Council (corporate name)","Anti-Defamation League (corporate name)","Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change (corporate name)","International Council of Christians and Jews (corporate name)","The Columbians (corporate name)","Columbus, Georgia (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","The Atlanta Biltmore Hotel (geographic term)","Paschal’s (geographic term)","World War II (topical term)","Jim Crow Laws (topical term)","Racism (topical term)","Segregation (topical term)","One Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South (topical term)","Our Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York (topical term)","Ballyhoo (topical term)","Jubilee (topical term)","Zionism (topical term)","Christmas (topical term)","Hanukkah (topical term)","Civil Rights Movement (topical term)","Antisemitism (topical term)","The Temple Bombing, 1958—Atlanta, Georgia (topical term)","Letter from Birmingham Jail (topical term)","Nobel Prize (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg was interviewed by Sandra Berman on February 28, 2020 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg was born in Atlanta on February 13, 1924. Her mother, Carolyn Goldberg Oettinger, was born in Columbus, Georgia and her father, Waldo Edouard Oettinger, was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Janice attended public schools and Sunday school at The Temple. She started college at the age of 15 and graduated from the University of Georgia during World War II when she was 18. During World War II, Janice worked for the Army Corps of Engineers in the Panama Canal Zone, where they were combating malaria, and in Washington, D.C. for the Signal Corps among other jobs. During that time she also spent some time in Mexico attending the Experiment in International Living. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen she returned to Atlanta in 1946 she met and married Jacob Rothschild, the new rabbi at the Temple. They had two children, Marcia and William. On October 12, 1958 The Temple was bombed by white supremacists. Janice testified in court against George Bright, the primary suspect in the bombing. During the civil rights era, she worked on behalf of the National Conference of Christians and Jews and served as a panelist with Coretta Scott King and others speaking to groups about \u0026ldquo;Raising Children of Good Will.\u0026rdquo; After the leading the congregation through a time of transition, growth and controversy, Rabbi Rothschild died suddenly of a heart attack on New Year\u0026rsquo;s Eve in 1973.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1975, Janice married insurance executive David Blumberg who served as president of B\u0026rsquo;nai B\u0026rsquo;rith International. They lived in Washington, D.C. After her second husband passed away, Janice remained in Washington, D.C. until she returned to Atlanta in 2009. Janice is active in Jewish community and civic activities, and has held leadership positions in numerous organizations including the B\u0026rsquo;nai B\u0026rsquo;rith Klutznick Museum, the American Jewish Historical Society, and the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington. She also served as President of the Southern Jewish Historical Society. Janice is the author of several books including \u003cem\u003eProphet in a Time of Priests: Rabbi Alphabet Browne\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003e1845-1929\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eOne Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eWhat\u0026rsquo;s Next?: Southern Dreams, Jewish Deeds and the Challenge of Looking Back while Moving Forward\u003c/em\u003e. She has contributed to publications including the \u003cem\u003eAtlanta Journal-Constitution\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ethe\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eSouthern Israelite\u003c/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003e Encyclopedia Judaica\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eEducation for One World\u003c/em\u003e, and\u003cem\u003e the Jewish Georgian\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eJanice passed away on February 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview Janice talks about her family history and growing up in Atlanta. She discusses the influence of her family, and being well connected in the Jewish community. She recalls meeting her first husband, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild, and his influence on both her and on the congregation he lead. She remembers the bomb threat to her family just after The Temple bombing, and the subsequent trail, where she testified against George Bright. She also tells stories about her relationship with the King family, and helping plan the Nobel Prize dinner for Martin Luther King Jr. Lastly, she shares some of her greatest personal accomplishments.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/183/825/small/Blumberg_JaniceRothschild%281%29.mp4_1680286971.jpg?1680286975","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Blumberg_JaniceRothschild_(1).mp4"]},"duration":6120.364,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/183/825/small/Blumberg_JaniceRothschild%281%29.mp4_1680286971.jpg?1680286975","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/183/825/original/Blumberg_JaniceRothschild_%281%29.mp4?1680286939","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":6120.364,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Blumberg, Janice Rothschild Oettinger [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is February 28, 2020. My name is Sandy Berman. I am the founding\narchivist for the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum and I am very pleased\nthat you have agreed to participate in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral\nHistory Project of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. I always say this\nat the end. That's a big mouthful, but it's what we have to do in the very\nbeginning. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want to start at your beginning, where you were born, your parents'\nnames, and where you grew up.\n\nBLUMBERG: Well first, I want to say I'm delighted with your introduction because\nthey were both dear friends of mine and so it's wonderful to put it all\ntogether. My name is Janice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg. I was born here at\nthe Old Piedmont Hospital when it was really on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Piedmont—way out—in 1924. My\nmother, Carolyn Goldberg Oettinger, was from Columbus, Georgia. She was born\nthere and grew up. Then she went to Smith College, met my father, finished up in\nBoston at Boston University, and then they moved down here. But my grandfather\nonce told me that the worst mistake he ever made in his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life was letting those\nwomen, meaning his wife and mother-in-law, send that girl, meaning my mother,\nnorth to college because she came home not only smoking, but she had liberal\nideas that didn't go over too well in Columbus, Georgia. She found a life much\neasier in Atlanta [Georgia]. [She] still didn't find very many like-minded\npeople, but there were a few. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Happily, they became my lifelong friends, even as\nadult friends. One of them was Natasha Davison and her husband, Dr. Hal Davison,\nfor example. [He] was one of the greats in Atlanta, not only in the medical\nfield, but one of the real liberal thinkers. He and my husband became good\nfriends. So for one thing, I'm happy that their papers are together ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Emory\n[University]. It makes me feel good that if there's an afterlife, they'll be\nwith their friends.\n\nBERMAN: You grew up in Atlanta. Where did you go to school?\n\nBLUMBERG: Druid Hills. I started both Druid Hills School and The Temple Sunday\nSchool in the first grade, when each one of them first opened. The Temple had\nhad a Sunday school before, but I'm talking about in that building, in their\ncurrent building. Druid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hills up until that year had been under a different\nname. It was part of Emory University, [and] was mainly for faculty kids. The\nschool was a high school. It was kindergarten through [grade] 11, which was the\nend of our school in county schools in those days. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great. Then I went to\nthe University of Georgia much too young. I was 15 when I graduated high school\nand went to college. I hated every minute of college. I wanted an education, but\nI correctly was not getting it there. It was the wrong place for me to be, but\nneither my parents nor I realized that I just was happy to get away from home\nand get to college. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I always expected—and so did my family—that my\nreal education would be after that, both because of my age and so on. So I had\nevery expectation of going to graduate school, except that World War II came\nalong and I wanted to go to work, which is what I did. By the time the war was\nover, well, I had different ideas. But I had a very exciting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time doing the work\nthat I did after I finished college.\n\nBERMAN: You chose the University of Georgia. You were only 15. Was there any\nthought by your parents to send you up north to Smith like your mother?\n\nBLUMBERG: The Depression came along in the meantime and so my family really\ncouldn't afford it. I kept telling Mother that she should think of that as one\nof the assets of being broke because I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couldn't have gotten into Smith, which\nwas true. With all due respect . . . and I loved my time in Druid Hills, but\nthey didn't have the credits to get . . . The time I got there, that I grew up .\n. . you couldn't have gotten into Smith.\n\nBERMAN: Was your mother at Smith at the same time as Josephine Joel Heyman?\n\nBLUMBERG: I'm trying to think about that. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know that she knew Reb Gershon. Reb\nwas four years ahead of Mother and I assume that she knew Joe, but I never heard\n. . . I don't know. I know that both of them were her close friends. When I came\nalong, they were close friends. But I don't know that . . . Maybe Joe didn't get\nthere till the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year after or something like that, because Mother really only\nwent there one [year]. What happened was, she met my dad and he was just back\nfrom the war in France. Thanksgiving is even bigger in New England than it is\nanywhere else. So his first Thanksgiving back from the war was really a big deal\nfor family, and they invited my mother. Well, you couldn't do that in one day\nfrom ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Northampton [Massachusetts] in those days and they didn't give Friday as a\nholiday at Smith. So Mother went anyway and just didn't go back to Northampton.\nThis was typical of Mother. I've written about her. The first chapter of my\nmemoir is \"Life with Mother,\" and this was really very typical of Mother. If she\ndidn't agree with the rules, she broke ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them.\n\nBERMAN: What was your father's name?\n\nBLUMBERG: My father—Waldo Edouard Oettinger, pronounced \"Eddinger\" in Boston,\nwhere he was from. My dad, I think he only had a high school education. His\nfather was in the music business. He made instruments as well as sold music and\ninstruments. I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was expected to work for his father, and when he came\nhome from the war, that's what he was doing. But he had a brother who had sort\nof absconded and left his family to be taken care of by his parents. Two\nfamilies was all this small business could support. Of course, my maternal\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandparents were just dying to get Mother down south, which is what happened\nbecause my mother's father wanted my father to come in business with him. Mother\nwouldn't go as far as Columbus. Atlanta was as far south as she would go. Her\nfather set my father up in business. Between the fact that he really was not\ntrained for anything ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like that and didn't have the personality for it . . . He\nwas much too sweet and soft a person to go into business for himself. Mother\ndidn't know that, so this was—from her point of view—a very good idea. [My\nfather] lost it, and being Depression times, he lost my grandfather's business\ntoo, because [my grandfather] had had to mortgage it to set my father up. My\ngrandfather did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"okay after that. He managed a company for somebody else and he\nhad rental properties in Columbus. So he did okay and he never tried to do\nanything else. He didn't have any ambition to [say] \"Now I'm going to start\nagain. I'm going to be a big businessman.\" This was not my grandfather. He was a\ncountry boy from Macon [Georgia] and he was very happy living the rest of his\nlife the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way he did. That's the story of my family. I was not just the only\ngrandchild, I was an only great grandchild. Great Grandmother lived throughout\nmy childhood. I was very often taken care of in Columbus. As a child, I lived\nthere as much as I lived in Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: Do you attribute some of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your open mind . . . You grew up in Atlanta.\nYour mother grew up in Columbus. What do you attribute that liberal bent of your\nmother to? Was it Smith? Was it something else? And how did she instill that in you?\n\nBLUMBERG: Well, those are two questions. She did get it, I think, from Smith.\nBut I think also there was something of the genes from both great grandparents,\nnot just the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rabbi who was really ahead of his time. He and my first husband,\nthe rabbi, would have done very well together, because that's how far ahead of\nhis time he was. Mother adored this grandfather person and he adored her. She\nwas an only grandchild. Also my great ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandmother, even though she was a typical\nmiddle class Jewish, Victorian wife, \"You should do this and that because\neverybody does it, and you shouldn't do that because nobody does it.\" From that\nlevel, she was real Victorian, real middle class Jewish. But she also ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had\nsomething in her that made her a suffragette in Columbus, Georgia. She did all\nkinds of things. She was one of two women sent from the Women's Club of Georgia\nto the White House conference on the women's vote. There was a lot there with\nher that Mother may have picked up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also.\n\nBERMAN: Did your mother talk about racial inequity, and what was going on with\nJim Crow and separate everything? Was that a discussion that ever took place in\nyour home?\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes and no. First of all, today's audiences don't understand that this\nwas not an issue in those days. We never had that kind of a discussion ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you,\nand other people who have asked me, would like an answer to. But Mother often\nsaid, almost in the same words that we quote [Martin Luther] King [Jr.] as\nhaving said, \"That you judge people by the content of their character.\" While it\nwas implicitly all white when you had such a conversation, somehow I understood\nthat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it applied to all people. My one instant of this—my epiphany, so to\nspeak—was the summer of 1941, when I was 17 years old. Mother was afraid that I\nwas going to run off with one of the musicians that I met at Camp Interlochen,\nNational Music Camp, the year before. So she devised a means of getting me to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"California for the summer, and I enrolled in a theater school there, and we were\nfriendly. It was the days when, believe it or not, young people of color could\nonly be cast as a maid or a butler. Since I was late getting into the cast, I\nhad the next to the last seat on the dressing table, but the very last ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seat was\nthe girl who played the maid. She and I became good friends. For the life of me\nI can't remember her name, but I'll call her Susie. The guy who played the\nbutler was . . . We were all friendly. After the show, people—a bunch of\nthem—who took busses home walked up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wilshire to where I lived that summer, and\nwould walk me home. We usually stopped for a hamburger or something and one of\nthem was the black guy who played the butler. The last night of the show, when\nwe were about to come back to Georgia and never see them again . . . Mother gave\nme a debriefing when I came in every night, always. So I told her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that\n\"So-and-so was with us tonight, and he did walk me to the door, and because we\nweren't going to see each other again, he gave me a big kiss goodbye.\" This was\nall part of the story and I wasn't interrupted at all. Then when I told her\nabout Susie, I said, \"Susie is a stage brat. I told her—and she follows her\nparents to wherever their work is—I said if they ever came near Atlanta, she\nshould let me know and come and visit.\" Mother ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"You shouldn't have done\nthat.\" [I said,] \"What do you mean, I shouldn't have done that? It's all right\nfor me to have hamburgers with this guy and have him kiss me,\" which was the big\nno no, as you know, in the South. That was okay, as I expected it would be. [I\nsaid,] \"But I just don't get it.\" Mother said, \"Think about it. How will you\nentertain your guest if she comes to visit you?\" \"We'll go downtown to lunch and\nmovies.\" \"You ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will? Where?\" \"Oh, well, I'll take her to the club.\" \"You think\nso?\" I had never even thought of these things before, but that was when I\nsuddenly realized that things were different. You could think whatever you\nwanted to think, but you just couldn't do it in Atlanta. I think that was the\nonly conversation of the sort that I had with Mother, but I didn't need any more.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a great story and a great memory. I'm so glad you shared that\nwith us.\n\nBLUMBERG: By the way, it was at Mother's house, actually, that I met the Kings.\n\nBERMAN: I know and I wanted to get to that in just a minute. But first, I wanted\nto ask you, you mentioned something, and in One Voice actually, you said\nthat—and I'm going to quote you—you said \"In those days you didn't have to be\nrich to belong to the social elite. You had to be connected. Mother's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather, one of the early reform rabbis of America, served The Temple in\n1877.\" You were definitely connected. How did that connection help you navigate\n. . .\n\nBLUMBERG: Socially?\n\nBERMAN: . . . socially?\n\nBLUMBERG: I'll have to think about an answer for that—a simple one that's not\ntoo simple—because the short answer is we just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were. I never thought about it.\nIt never entered my head that I was not one of Our Crowd. It wasn't just Stephen\nBirmingham's book about New York people. There was an \"Our Crowd\" everywhere, an\n\"Our Crowd\" in Atlanta. As I said, it didn't matter whether your parents\ncouldn't afford to belong to either club, or one of two of the parents belonged\nto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ingleside—which was a Jewish country club—as well as the Standard Club. We\nwent to the same birthday parties wherever. I don't know, I just never thought\nabout it at that time. Looking back on it now, I realized that when . . . Also\ndon't forget that I had several decades of watching Atlanta ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"society happen. In\nother words, being the rabbi's wife, I met new people who came into town, and\nsome of them that I became very friendly with confided in me that they either\nwere or they were not accepted—in their view of what being accepted was. So\nthat made me think back to my childhood and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apparently it was the same. It may\nstill be, except that the city is so large now that it's not that important. But\nthe idea was that if you were a young couple, or even a middle aged couple, who\ncame to Atlanta, you had certain people who knew you and introduced you to other\npeople. In the case of my mother, Mother's relatives were the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Haases and the\nMontags. Of course she knew the Heymans, and Rebecca Gershon, and Helen\nWeisberg. I'll tell you who she was.\n\nBERMAN: Helen Weisberg, sure. Yes.\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, Beth Sugarman's grandmother. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She was related also . . . First of\nall, my great grandmother's father had three sisters who eventually came to the\nAtlanta area and they were married. They had different names. So that's how come\nmy great grandmother, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and grandmother, and all the way down to me, remained\nclose friends so that they were always cousin this and cousin that. [She] was\nthe one who was married to a Haas. Her grandchildren were [unintelligible\n20.47], Harold Montag, and so forth. That gives you the idea. So when my parents\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came, they had all these people who were part of the elite Jewish crowd\nintroduced to them. It didn't matter whether they had money [or] my parents\ndidn't and they did. It just didn't matter in those days.\n\nBERMAN: Did you socialize at any of the ballyhoos? Did you go to any of them?\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes. Last night a ballyhoo came up and I told ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alfred, \"How could you\nhave known of that? They ended it with the war.\" Well, evidently they revived it\na few years after the war and that's how he knew about it. But I was at the last\none they had of the old ballyhoo because that was the year of the war. I may\nhave gone to two. I don't really remember. I particularly remember the one the\nyear of the war because I had met soldiers from different camps around ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Columbus\nand Macon that I invited up to it. I remember who my guest was from Columbus. I\nwent to one in Birmingham [Alabama]. There were two ways that you got invited.\nEither somebody who lived in the city invited you and they got you the dates, or\nyou had the date. Then they notified the group in the other city and they found\nsomebody for you to stay with. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's how I met Blanche Goldstein Ross who\nbecame my dearest friend for life. She just died last year. I don't know if you\nknow. Her brothers lived here. They left after the war, but she was living in\nBirmingham at the time, before they moved to Atlanta. That's how I met her,\nbecause I was their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"guest at . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . at Jubilee?\n\nBLUMBERG: At the Jubilee, yes. But that's the only other one I went to, except\nthat they had sort of a semi one in Columbus over the Georgia Auburn game\nweekend. Because I had connections in Columbus, I was always there for the\nparties and there were very few Jewish girls. In fact there were only two of our\ncrowd, of my age, so having a date was no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem.\n\nBERMAN: Speaking of dating, how did you meet your first husband, the rabbi?\n\nBLUMBERG: I'll tell you. The first day that I was home from having been away\nmost of the war . . . Particularly that summer, I had been at summer school at\nColumbia, hoping to get in, and I didn't. I just came home temporarily until I\ncould find a place to live in New York, because finding a job wasn't a\nproblem—it was [finding] a place ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to live. I was on the sun board at the\nStandard Club when it was in town. They didn't have a place for lounging, but\nthey had what you called sun boards on either end of the pool. The driveway went\nright around the pool. On one side of the driveway were tennis courts and I was\non the sun board, facing the tennis court. I noticed a foursome that I kept\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"watching, but I didn't know one of the guys. So I asked Nina Brail, who was\nsunning next to me, \"Who's that?\" and she says, \"Oh, that's a new rabbi. You\nwant to meet him?\" My response was—I maybe shouldn't be saying this for\nposterity, but I will because basically the story's already known anyway. But\nwhen she said, \"That's the new rabbi,\" I said, \"Oh, that's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ridiculous. You know\nMarx will never retire.\" Apparently he and I were the only ones in Atlanta who\ndidn't know that he had been retired, and he didn't find out for quite a while.\nThat was a very difficult period for us. But at any rate, that's how I met him.\nHe came off the court, we met and he asked me to have dinner with him that\nnight. I wanted to but I couldn't because I was in a radio play. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't\nhave television yet. The station—the WSB—was on top of the Biltmore, and he\nwas living at the Biltmore. So I said, \"If you want to, I can come down and have\na cup of coffee with you after the show,\" and that's what I did.\n\nBERMAN: How long did you date before it got serious?\n\nBLUMBERG: Two or three [dates]. I really forget. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We dated for two months before\nwe became engaged. I think both of us kind of knew what we wanted pretty fast.\n\nBERMAN: Was it hard for the congregation to have, after Rabbi Marx—who was born\nin New Orleans [Louisiana] and Southern himself—to have this Pittsburgh\n[Pennsylvania] raised Yankee come down and be the rabbi?\n\nBLUMBERG: It was hard for them, but I don't think it was mainly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he was\nfrom the North. My mother—bless her heart—having lived in New England, she\nwas still pretty naive about accents, and she thought his Pittsburgh accent was\na Jewish accent. What was difficult for the congregation was the fact that he\nwas Jewish. Don't laugh. What he used to say in addressing the subject ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that\nMarx considered it his job—and rightly so—to turn his Jews into Americans.\nJack Rothschild's job was to turn Marx's Americans into Jews. He wasn't the only\none in America—particularly in the South—who had to do that at the time. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The\ngeneration that had been there since 1895 or thereabouts had a congregation of\npeople who had just not kept up with mainstream at all. It wasn't just over\nZionism. In fact, my husband never considered himself a Zionist. He was always\nin favor of helping Israel but he was not brought up in . . . He was brought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up\npretty much the same way that Marx or I, or any other Jews of that . . . Even\nour parents and grandparents generation . . . So the difficulty . . . The\ncongregation never noticed [during] the first few years of high holidays\nservices when he made some mention of civil rights. They didn't even remember\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, but they sure were upset when he said something about maybe celebrating\nholidays, or lighting candles on Shabbat, or even used a Hebrew word. I had\ntrouble myself introducing him at first because he was not a doctorate. He got\nan honorary doctorate after 25 years [and] by that time, he had trained the\ncongregation to call him rabbi. But even a Hebrew word like rabbi ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not come\ntrippingly to the lips of any of us in those days.\n\nBERMAN: One of your comments that I read was about how people felt comfortable\ncoming to you to complain about things your husband was taking away from them,\nlike the Christmas tree. You said it was it was really difficult to go to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parties in December. Could you elaborate on that?\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, because the whole congregation that I had grown up with, not only\ndid we have Christmas trees, [but] we didn't put them in the back room because\nthe rabbi might come to visit. He didn't have one, but everybody else did. We\nhad no idea that there was anything wrong with it. As a matter of fact—the\nhistorian is coming out now [and] unfortunately, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did not become a historian\nuntil late in life so I didn't have the answers to these problems in those\ndays—my father also had a grandfather who was a rabbi, and his parents never\ncame near the South except when they came to see us. His ancestry was mostly\nnorthern European. My grandmother's family was from the Netherlands. They were\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Amsterdam and the others were from Germany. He always had Christmas also\nbecause it was a folk holiday. It didn't have the connection that it had in the\nBible Belt with religion. However, I did pick up—and wanted to—my husband's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"objections to the congregation celebrating it. Obviously, people whose ancestors\ncame from a part of the world where they didn't dare go out on the street on\nChristmas Day because they might get killed—horrible things happened because it\nwas Christmas—obviously they had very different, visceral reactions to anything\nthat celebrated Christmas. So we needed to learn that, but unfortunately we\ndidn't. Unfortunately, I don't even ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know that the rabbis knew it. It was just\nhistory that they didn't get. We were really not taught—in any of those\nways—to be sensitive to what other people felt from their backgrounds, because\nwe didn't know that many people from other backgrounds. Don't forget that right\nup until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II, the Eastern European and the Central European Jewish\ncommunities were definitely segregated from each other. So we had no way of\nlearning it. Now I forget the question.\n\nBERMAN: What would your response be to some of your friends when they would come\nto you and say, \"Your husband is taking away our Christmas trees. Your husband\nis wanting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us to . . . \"\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, at the parties.\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nBLUMBERG: Well, I tried to defend him. I knew his answers. First of all, if they\nsay \"It's a secular holiday,\" I said, \"Okay, try telling this to one of your\nChristian friends. Don't you think it would be insulting to them? How would you\nlike it if they said to us one of our most important holidays was just . . . \"\nToday almost everybody does celebrate seder. I've ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been to more Christian seders\n. . . But in those days, they weren't doing that. They didn't know that. So I\nwould use that example. I said \"It's insulting, and to little children, it's\nconfusing.\" But I think of things that we didn't have in those days, because we\ndidn't have such a big Jewish community here. Not only that, but the\nmanufacturers, if they made decorations ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and candies and things like that for\nHanukkah, they weren't selling them in the South. I remember the first event of\nthat sort that we had in our family—the family that I raised—was when Marcia\nwas about five years old. She came back from spending a day during Christmas\nholidays with a friend, and said she wished she were Christian. I said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Why?\"\n[She said,] \"So I could have a sugar plum tree.\" Well that was simple enough. I\nsaid, \"Would a sugar plum menorah work?\" I couldn't go down to the store and get\nit. I had to figure out how to make it then. I'm no good with handicrafts, but I\nfinally figured it out. The different size gumdrops and toothpicks . . . and you\nput the corn candies on, but you better get fresh ones, because otherwise they\nbreak the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"flames. So I figured that out. Then I figured out how to make Hanukkah\nfor the kids in the neighborhood, which was to have my kids . . . They were\nlittle then, but they would help. We'd get favors—like you're going to give out\nat a birthday party or something—and you get like seven different or is it\neight . . . ? I forget now. My children have grown ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up. But we would put them in\nthe kerchiefs, tie the kerchief up and then put them in baskets. I'd walk the\nchildren through the neighborhood and let them deliver one to the home of each\nof the children. Things like that, I had to figure it out for myself because\nnobody else was doing it.\n\nBERMAN: I want to now get a little bit into the civil rights era. You were sort\nof thrown into that by marrying Jack ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rothschild. Do you think that that would\nhave been a path you would have taken regardless—that you would have gotten\ninvolved in Civil Rights activities?\n\nBLUMBERG: That's quite a question. Some yes and some no. For example, I wouldn't\nhave been asked to be on a panel of mothers sponsored by the National ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Council of\nChristians and Jews if I'd been married to somebody else, because they wouldn't\nhave picked me out as being somebody special. What I might have done—probably\nwould have—if I had been active at all, would have been to be active in . . . I\ncan't remember the name of the organization, but there were various\norganizations of women who helped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out with the school desegregation. I remember\nthere was a member of The Temple, Judy—she's since moved away—but she was so\nactive that she was put in charge of seeing to the welfare of and happiness of\nall of the reporters, all of the press that came from all over the world to be\nin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta when they opened the schools. She moved away. I never knew her\nchildren, but they divorced, moved away . . . But I saw that name on the name of\na lecturer who was speaking at Emory some years ago, and I went to hear the\nlecture and sure enough—I just went because I thought there might be some\nconnection—she was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daughter, and she was a professor at Potsdam University.\nShe was so excited that I even knew her mother that we became good friends.\n\n[interview pauses, then resumes]\n\nBERMAN: We were talking about your involvement with civil rights and being the\nrabbi's wife. He came in 1946. I read that almost immediately he started\nbringing the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"issue up in his sermons. What was that like for you with your friends?\n\nBLUMBERG: I thought everything he did was wonderful.\n\nBERMAN: But were you . . . ?\n\nBLUMBERG: First of all, I don't think I noticed it those first few years any\nmore than anybody in the congregation noticed it. It was just so subtle. I knew\nthat he was shocked. He had culture shock when he moved to Atlanta, even though\nhe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had been stationed here during the war—not in Atlanta, but he was stationed\nin Augusta, Georgia, and Norfolk [Virginia] during the war. So he had\nexperienced living in the South, but it wasn't the same. When he came here, he\nwas really shocked by the actuality of segregation. He mentioned it to me\nprivately, but I don't think I noticed it in the sermons any more than anybody\nelse did. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't the issue. The issue with the congregation was he was making\nus \"too Jewish.\" With me, it wasn't a problem that he was doing it because I\nrealized it was the right thing to do. But the problem then, was with me with my\nfamily. My parents were wonderful. They felt the way ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did. It was against\neverything that they had ever been brought up with, but they realized that it\nwas the right thing to do and they respected him. So they went along with it,\nbut they were not influential people in the Jewish community. By that time,\nMother had gotten really involved in and music in the arts. She still had her\ngood ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends, Josephine, and Reb, and Hannah Shulhafer. But she didn't see that\nmuch of them because they were into Jewish and civic things and she was into the\nmusic. Most of her friends in music were not Jewish. So I don't know.\n\nBERMAN: What were some of the Jewish issues? What was he wanting to change? What\nwere the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"objections?\n\nBLUMBERG: At the time, aside from obvious things like Christmas, the big thing\nwas . . . At that time, there were a number of communities, particularly in the\nSouth—maybe I shouldn't say particularly in the South, because I can think of\nsome like Cincinnati [Ohio], and Detroit [Michigan], Chicago [Illinois]. All\nover the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country there was a backlash to Zionism being taught in the schools\nfrom the American Council for Judaism. There was a group here trying to form a\ngroup, and establish another congregation, which they did in some cities. He\nwasn't worried about them doing it. I guess I shouldn't say this, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going\nto. When he saw the people with money who were involved in it—and of course,\nthe ones with money were the ones who were going to be depended upon to do\nit—he says, \"I'm not concerned at all, because when they find out what it's\ngoing to cost them, they won't do it.\" And that's exactly what happened. It was\nfine ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to talk, but starting a congregation takes . . . Like the Gries family in\nCleveland, [Ohio] they started a congregation. But there were not people like\nthat here—at least the people who were, were not involved.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember Adelberg Friedman [sp]?\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, you're going to ask me about the letter that he wrote.\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nBLUMBERG: I don't think I know anything more than you do about that, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I\njust heard about it.\n\nBERMAN: Can you discuss it for the purposes of the tape? He was a Zionist.\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, and interestingly, his wife Miriam was from one of the old\nGeorgia families—related to the Waxenbaums. I guess Miriam ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changed when she\nmarried him the same way I changed my ideas when I married Jack Rothschild. I do\nremember that that letter came out. It was before I got back to Atlanta and I\nknow that they were thrilled with Jack when he came to Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: What did the letter say? Do you remember?\n\nBLUMBERG: I don't think I ever read it, but my understanding of what it was\nabout was it objected ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Dr. Marx preaching anti-Zionism, because at that point\n. . . Even people like my husband never considered himself a Zionist. Being for\na Jewish state didn't mean that you were a Zionist. It meant that you realized\nthat it was important—at this point in history—to have a Jewish state and\nsupport it. So I think that was the idea behind his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"letter, that at this day and\nage, it was immoral even to be preaching that. But of course I didn't see it, so\nI don't know what words he used.\n\nBERMAN: There's a copy of it in the archives.\n\nBLUMBERG: Okay, so we recommend that to anyone interested.\n\nBERMAN: As time went on and Rabbi Rothschild became more and more involved, and\nspoke out more, were you frightened? Did you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"become frightened about the White\nCitizens' Councils, and the organizations that George Bright and his group, the\nColumbians, and the . . . ? Were you frightened for yourself, for your children,\nfor him?\n\nBLUMBERG: I was not happy about him speaking in Mississippi. I showed him this\narticle that said that Mrs. Nat King ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cole prevented her husband from giving a\nconcert there in Mississippi, to which his answer was, \"I'm not famous and I'm\nnot black, so I'll be okay.\" So he went. I think it was to speak to a B'nai\nB'rith group in Columbus, Mississippi. But anyway, I never thought about it in\nthose days. Even when we got word from the ADL [Anti-Defamation League] that he\nwas on a hit list, that didn't scare me. I got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scared when our home was\nthreatened. [When] we finally got the kids out of the house and we finally got\nto bed, I remember having a few thoughts about, \"Am I going to wake up tomorrow\nmorning? Is this what he and other people who were in combat in the war thought\nevery night? Am I going to wake up?\" You can't help but think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. That's part\nof the tension of the moment. It was not anything that went on. In fact, you\nknow the story about the reporter that woke us up in the middle of that night?\n\nBERMAN: Yes, but I'd like you to go back in a little bit. You're mentioning that\nnight, but you're talking about the night [of] the day that The Temple was bombed.\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, the day that The Temple was bombed. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were in shock that such a\nthing had happened, but I would not say that that made us afraid. That's another\nstory. If you want me to get back to it, I will. But as far as we were\nconcerned, we just wanted to get through the day doing whatever it was that we\nhad to do, and we had a lot to do. So we didn't calm down enough to even think\nabout being frightened until dinner. After, the phone ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call came saying that\nthere was a bomb under our house, that it was lit, that we had five minutes to\nget out, [at] about 6:30, 6:15 that night. Julie Weiss was with me. She and her\nthen five year old boy and my daughter Marcia, who was 11, were in the house. My\nson was off playing with a friend and I called his mother and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"Keep him\novernight.\" So anyway, we got out of the house, we went to the neighbor's, and\nwe called our husbands who were together, because Bud Weiss, Julie's husband,\nwas vice president of The Temple. He was president of the . . . what is it?\n\nBERMAN: The Jewish Federation?\n\nBLUMBERG: No, I think was Community Council . . .\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh, the Jewish Community Council?\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, Community Council. So for both reasons, Bud had gone to The\nTemple immediately when he heard about it, but then they were at this Community\nCouncil meeting at that point. So they came with the FBI [Federal Bureau of\nInvestigation] and they searched the house. They assured us that everything was\nokay. I called my mother as soon as I talked to my husband, and said, \"Come get\nthe kids,\" meaning my daughter ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marcia, and the Weiss' son, Andy. Andy wasn't\nborn yet. Andy was there, but in utero. Julie, out to here [gesturing to her\nbelly], was able to—while I was standing at the door wondering if I should\nleave the house or what I should take—she was up there with the kids and my dog\nbarking, all of them barking at me, \"Get out of the house!\" And I was standing\nat the door wondering, \"Should I take my coat or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my violin?\" I was in shock.\nAnyway, to get back to—what was your question—that night.\n\nBERMAN: Yes, you got the phone call . . .\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, we got the phone call. After they cleared things out and we\nfinally got Marcia to go home with my mother . . . Julie's son, Mike, was okay\nabout going with my mother because she was like another grandmother to him, but\nmy daughter didn't want to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leave. I finally realized what was wrong with\nher—that she didn't want to let us out of her sight—and so she ended up going\nnext door to spend the night so that she could keep an eye on us. Then we went\nto . . . There used to be a wonderful hamburger place called Seven Steers in\nBuckhead [Atlanta]. There was another one on Peachtree [Street] by the Fox. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We\nwent to Seven Steers and I remember, the four of us, Julie and Bud, and Jack and\nI, looking around. It was pretty late by that time—it was like 9:30 or so—for\na hamburger place to be open, but there were still some people there. For the\nfirst time I started to think, because the phone had been ringing all day. As\nsoon as I would hang it up, it would ring again. I couldn't even get up to get\nsomething to eat. Julie was warming up leftovers for us for dinner when that\nphone ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call came. But anyway, for the first time, I calmed down and I was\nthinking, and I looked around at people at different tables. Could any of those\npeople hate us enough to do something like this? It was just unbelievable, but I\ndidn't feel frightened. I didn't feel frightened and I didn't think about death\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until I tried to go to sleep. Eventually I did go to sleep and then I started\nworrying about my children. The first thing I did was to see a child\npsychiatrist. I had spoken to him once or twice before when I felt that I needed\nadvice about which way I was going with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. His advice was, \"I can't predict\nin any way what harm will come to your children if you let the police . . . \"\nThe police were guarding our house. There was a patrol car in the in the\ndriveway. [He said,] \"I can't predict what harm will come to them if you let\nthem go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without the police, but I can predict very clearly what will happen to\nthem emotionally if you keep them [protected by police].\" So I let them go and\nthat afternoon was the first time that Bill didn't come home on his bicycle when\nhe was supposed to. It scared the life out of me. Finally he got home late in\nthe afternoon. He was not quite ten years old yet, and he couldn't understand\nwhy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his mother was so hysterical because he just went home with so-and-so, and\nhe forgot to call. After that . . . You can't stay scared. You can't live that\nway. It's not advisable. If you're talking to somebody just let them know that\nif you do that, they win, you don't. But when you're doing it to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yourself . . .\nWhen you're counseling yourself, you just have to say, \"Look, you either keep\ngoing or you don't keep going.\"\n\nBERMAN: That phone call that told you that there was a bomb underneath your\nhouse became very important during the trials.\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, yes.\n\nBERMAN: Can you speak to what it was like to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interrogated first by [James]\nVenable and then by Reuben Garland?\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, no comparison at all. Venable . . . I had been advised by attorney\nfriends, because I had never been in a courtroom before, let alone been on the\nstand [that], \"They just want to establish a point of fear being instilled in\nthe Jewish community and so they're not going to be harsh on any of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you, but\nparticularly not on a lady and not on a preacher's wife.\" That would really go\nagainst the jury. So that's exactly what happened. There was no problem at all\nwith that. I was not warned about Reuben Garland. All the attorneys have told\nme—that have spoken about it since—that the state made a big mistake ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not\nhaving prepared me. They may have even won their case if they had prepared me.\nBut I went in there thinking it was going to be a piece of cake just like it was\nbefore. Reuben really laid it on. He gave me a rough time.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember how you felt during the interrogation?\n\nBLUMBERG: You mean the second?\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.\n\nBLUMBERG: Yes, I do. I was convinced that the FBI and the GBI [Georgia Bureau of\nInvestigation]—the authorities—knew what they were doing and therefore I was\nnot going to give an inch in letting myself sound as if I had any doubt about\nwhat I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seeing, and the answers. That was the first thing. Then when I saw\nwhat Garland was trying to do to me . . . I'd never been in courtroom before\nthat first trial, but I'd seen enough in the movies to know what it is when an\nattorney is trying to break down a witness' credibility. So I put on my best\nhoneysuckle ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accent and when he asked me things about being an actress, I had, I\nthink, all the right answers. In fact, I was so good—if I do say so\nmyself—that Garland had to fake like he was about to have a heart attack in\norder to get a recess, because I was giving him the answers. Believe me, I take\nno credit for those answers. I must have had a divine ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hand holding the cue\ncards, because I couldn't have thought of those answers myself. They were really\nunlike me. They were so smart. I couldn't believe it, because it really got to\nhim. For example, he wanted to bring out the fact that I was an actress. I said,\nin my best Southern accent, \"Well, I studied theater at the University of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Georgia and then when I came back to Atlanta, I thought that what we needed was\na good theater here. We had no theater, so naturally . . . \" But then he ended\nup [saying] \"But you do consider yourself an actress, do you not?\" I said,\n\"Well, Mr. Garland, that's not for me to say.\"\n\nBERMAN: And why was he honing in on the fact that you were an actress?\n\nBLUMBERG: Well, I guess because that would discredit me. I forget at which point\nhe did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which, but at one point, he also tried to discredit me as being very\nwealthy and elite. He started off one of these long questions with, \"Now Mrs.\nRothschild, when you left your mansion on Ard Road and got into your Cadillac to\ngo downtown to . . . \" etcetera. When he got to the question, I said, \"Mr.\nGarland, I'm sorry, but you had so many non-sequiturs and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things, that I don't\nknow how to answer that question,\" and the incorrect statements and that kind of\nthing—that got to him.\n\nBERMAN: When you were in the courtroom, you got to see George Bright. What were\nyour thoughts about him?\n\nBLUMBERG: I don't know that I saw him. I know that in the first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trial, the other\nguys who were indicted but not on trial were sitting in the waiting room, so I\nsaw them. I didn't have any particular feelings. I just wanted to sit as far\naway from them as I could. Garland wouldn't permit any of us to be in the\ncourtroom when the other one was testifying, so Jack ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had no idea of why I was so\nupset. The first trial, as I said, everything had gone very simple. The second\ntrial—and for whatever reasons we had gone . . . I'll tell you the reason,\nbecause it was Wednesday, and [Jack] played golf on Wednesday afternoon, and we\nwent in separate cars. So he was on the stand first and I wasn't allowed in. He\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wouldn't have been allowed in for my testimony, so he left. When I came out—and\nI came out in tears—at that point, Garland had gotten me so wound up. He said\nsomething that the answer to was about my children, and that started the\nfloodgate. So the judge called a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recess or whatever. He excused me and had his .\n. . What do you call a secretary to the . . . ? Anyway, he told her to take me\ndown to his quarters and see to it that I was okay. We passed all of the\nreporters, and the GBI and FBI—none of whom were allowed into the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"courtroom—but they were all waiting outside to get what news they could. As I\npassed them going down to the judge's chambers, they said, \"Mrs. Rothschild,\nyour husband said he had to leave, but you'd know where he was.\" I did indeed.\nSo when I got to the judge's quarters, she asked me if I would like Coca Cola. I\nsaid, \"Yes, thank you,\" hoping that the machine was as far away as possible.\nWhen I could hear her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"steps as far away as I thought was possible, I called the\nclub immediately and asked for the locker room. [I] hoped that he would get to\nthe telephone, because he was already on the tee. When he finally got the\ntelephone . . . At that point, I heard her heels coming back down toward the\nchambers, and all I could say was something about how angry, how hurt I was that\nhe left me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and \"If you can't come home now, you don't need to come home!\" I was\njust so angry I couldn't stand it. Then I hung up. So once I got settled down, I\nwent home and he went home too. The first thing he did was to go to the\ncourthouse because he thought that's where I was. They told him I had gone home.\nSo he got home after I did and he didn't know what in the world had happened to\nme. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway, we stayed married.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever have any interaction with Reuben Garland after the trial?\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, yes. What can I tell you? Very much of one for history. First of\nall, what my husband predicted was exactly what ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happened—that the accused would\ngo free and his attorney would go to jail. While his attorney was in jail, he\ncalled me. He was running for solicitor against the guy who had been the\nsolicitor in the trial. He wanted to tell me . . . This was an attorney who—\naccording to the front page of the Atlanta paper—had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"appeared for his jail\nsentence in blue satin pajamas. How weird can you get? Well, this was even\nweirder I thought. He called me to say that he was not antisemitic. I don't\nthink he went as far as saying that he had some Jews as his best friends, but he\ncame close to it. He just wanted me to know that he had nothing at all against\nthe Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. He was just trying to save his innocent client, and would I\nplease tell my folks at The Temple about that so they'd vote for him. So help me\n. . . So I said something to the effect of \"Mr. Garland, your disdain for\nAmerican system of jurisprudence was such that I wouldn't vote for you even if\nyou were Jewish.\" That was the end of that conversation. That was the only thing\nI had to do with him. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then what happened was . . . I didn't see other\nmembers of his family except that his daughter-in-law was on my board. She was\none of the officers when I was the president of the Women's Guild of Atlanta,\nand so I got to know Judy very well, and she was adorable. But then I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left\nAtlanta and I didn't see her again until the opening of the play. That was a\nwonderful reunion because her husband was adored. In fact, I think I met him.\nYes, I did, because my son knew him. They're both attorneys and he is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Samuel's\nlaw partner, Samuel being the husband of Melissa Fay Greene. At the opening of\nthat book here, I did meet him, but we didn't have too much conversation. But\nwhen he and Judy came to the opening, we just had a wonderful time together. He\nsaid, \"Nothing that you could write about my father would have been more weird\nthan what he . . . \" He didn't use the word weird, but, you know, crazy. He said\n\"We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never knew what was going to come at dinner each night that he was . . . \"\nYou couldn't make it up about him.\n\nBERMAN: After George Bright was . . . I mean, he wasn't convicted . . . How did\nyou feel about . . . ?\n\nBLUMBERG: After he was acquitted?\n\nBERMAN: After the trial was over and he was acquitted, how did you feel about it?\n\nBLUMBERG: Well, we felt that justice had been done. We didn't feel that it was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right. We didn't feel that the verdict was the right verdict, but it had been\ndone in the proper way. If you cared about our system of justice, you couldn't\nfight it. You could argue about what was done wrong. My husband preached on that\nsubject because . . . First of all, that was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first—justice had been served.\nIt's not always right, but it was served. As far as our safety was concerned, we\ndidn't have to worry about that because those men were going to be watched for\nthe rest of their lives. That was what Rabbi preached about that Friday night,\nbecause he wanted the congregation to realize that they didn't have to go around\nsaying things were bad, because they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weren't. The other story about the Garlands\nthat I wanted to tell was, I came down here for one of my son's Sukkot parties\nwhile I was still in Washington. Melissa Fay Greene was there, and she had just\nbeen to interview Mrs. Garland. She said all the way through the interview, Mrs.\nGarland kept referring to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fact that they did it to themselves, which—at the\ntime of the trial—we knew that some people were saying this. What had happened\nwas that there was a building campaign about to get started for The Temple when\nThe Temple was bombed. We anticipated it being terribly difficult trying to\nraise enough money to do what had to be done. But then when The Temple was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bombed, there was no problem raising the money and we went around pinching\nourselves. But we wouldn't have made a joke about this in front of anybody who\nwasn't also a member and feeling the same way about [it, and saying,] \"You'd\nthink we did it to ourselves.\" Anyway, Mrs. Garland was going on saying this\ntime and again through the interview, and Melissa kept saying she had to bite\nher tongue because she wanted to continue the interview. But when she got all\nthrough, and she was at the door saying goodbye and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thanking Mrs. Garland for\nher time, she at that point said, \"Mrs. Garland, I've just got to ask you, you\ndon't really think that Rabbi Rothschild would do something like this to his own\ncongregation, do you?\" And Mrs. Garland answered, \"Oh, no, not the rabbi, his\nwife.\" She couldn't wait to tell me the story. And if you noticed, she put the\ndifferent ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"theories about who did it in the back of the book, and that's one of them.\n\nBERMAN: That was great, in the back of The Temple Bombing book. Do you think\nGeorge Bright did it?\n\nBLUMBERG: Oh, yes. I think the evidence was clear. First of all, the evidence\nwasn't all that clear because, can you imagine getting notices from people . . .\nYou know where the small ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parking lot is now? That was an apartment building.\nThere were people sleeping there who got knocked out of their beds. Aside from\nall the other reports, wouldn't you think that a police station that got reports\nlike that would send people to look, and not drive around the back of the\nbuilding, drive through the . . . ? They just drove past. They never went\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around. If they had done that, they really would have had the evidence. They\ndidn't have that evidence, but the GBI, up until very shortly before that . . .\nNo, it was the bombing that did it. The attorney general would not order J.\nEdgar Hoover to send in the FBI. And if any of you remembered J. Edgar Hoover,\nhe wasn't about to do anything ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"liberal that he was not ordered to do. This gets\nto my theory about how The Temple bombing was pivotal to what happened in\nAmerica. Because in addition to what Mayor Hartsfield said right off the cuff to\nreporters when he was asked that morning—that changed the attitude of people\nhere in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Georgia—the president was approached the same way on the same morning.\nHe was speaking to a largely Jewish rally. It was just two weeks before a\nmidterm election. I understand the Republicans were not doing too well, but our\npresident . . . There was a good reason why people liked [Dwight] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ike\n[Eisenhower]. When a reporter in the middle of this rally said, \"Mr. President,\ndid you hear what happened in Atlanta today?\" and told him, the president's off\nthe cuff response was to the effect of, \"Oh, that's terrible. I'm going to send\nin the FBI. We can't have things like that happening in America.\" So that's what\nmade the big difference. For the first time that night, we had FBI ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and . . .\nWhat was I telling you at the beginning? GBI had been watching that group.\nThat's what started me on this. They'd been watching that group, and apparently\nthe authorities knew that they had been planning something bad against the Jews,\nand they wanted to frighten us. It's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"funny, people today seem to have the idea\nthat it had to do with Rabbi Rothschild's friendship with Kings. Martin [Luther\nKing] Jr. wasn't even living in Atlanta then. We hadn't even met him. In fact, I\ndon't think he had even become famous at that point—not anything like what he\nsubsequently became. So it had absolutely nothing to do with that. What was\nbrought out in court . . . I'm sure ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that his notoriety among segregationists by\nhis outspoken attitude and pronouncements must have had something to do with it.\nBut it preceded all of the other incidents in Atlanta and it certainly\npreceded—by almost two years—King Jr. living in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: I'd like to get into that relationship with the Kings. It was my\nunderstanding that it was your mother who first invited the Kings to dinner. Can\nyou relate that story for the tape?\n\nBLUMBERG: Mother . . . The men knew each other. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before King Jr. came back to\nAtlanta, his father was one of a group of ministers who met. There were few\nwhite ministers, not many besides Rabbi Rothschild and Archbishop Hallinan.\nThere were several white Protestants and black ministers, and they just met\nevery other week for dinner just to keep the lines of conversation open between\nthe communities, because there ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was none officially. So the men knew each other\nbecause King Jr. came to that as soon as he came to Atlanta. Mother had\nvolunteered for entertaining foreign visitors and she had a Swedish journalist\nwho wanted to meet people in the black community. So Mother called a friend of\nhers in the black community, Grace Hamilton. Do you remember Grace? I think\nthere may have been somebody ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"else. The only place that you could eat together\nwas at Paschal's. There was one other place in town, but they were at Paschal's.\nWhen King Jr. came in, he went over to speak to Grace and this other person that\nGrace had brought, and so at that time Mother met him. He sat down for a while\nto talk with them and when Mother found out that his wife was a\nmusician—because she was a musician—she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"Oh, give me your phone number.\nI want to talk to her.\" So that's when they made plans for dinner.\nMeanwhile—and I forget what came first or what came second. It could be traced\non a calendar if anybody really wanted to. But when King went to jail the first\ntime—which was in November of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1960—my husband was out of the country and I had\nnot met Coretta [Scott King]. Yes, I think maybe . . . I forget now whether I\nhad met her, whether this dinner party Mother had was before that or not . . . I\nmust have met her there, but I didn't know her very well. I simply called her to\nexpress my regrets and [ask] if there was anything I could do to help. We had\nthis hour long conversation as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if . . . I really felt like I was a big sister\nbecause she was younger, her children were younger. His [Martin Luther King Jr.]\nlife had not been threatened that we knew of at that point. Ours had. So I felt\nlike, [as] a clergy wife who has a husband going and saying these things that\nthey can get in trouble for, I just felt like a big sister. So that's the way I\ntalked with her. The punch line—do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want the punch line? Okay. She told me\nthat they didn't have any problem with Marty [Martin] because Marty was too\nlittle. He was two or three years old at the time and the others weren't born\nyet. But Yoki [Yolanda] was in school, and they hadn't prepared her because they\ndidn't expect him to go to jail quite soon. He didn't expect to even be at that\nevent, let alone go to jail for it. So they hadn't prepared her and she had\nheard about it in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"car radio on the way home from school. Coretta didn't know\nhow to handle it. So big sister, thinking that she could be helpful, said,\n\"Well, she knows that you all just came back from India doesn't she, and how\nGandhi had influenced her father?\" So I go on and on about this. Coretta\npolitely lets me go through with it. When I get all through she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4650.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"Janice\nhoney, that child's only five years old. She doesn't even know she's colored\nyet.\" So that was the beginning of Coretta and me. The interesting thing about\nCoretta, because as careful as she was with what she said publicly, and I don't\nmean just on camera . . . You could die of old age between the words, not just\nher ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4680.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sentences. She was really so careful about what she said. On the other hand,\nI probably didn't have more than three conversations with her in her whole life.\nEach one was an hour at least and each one was like this. It's strange. When I\nthink about it, I think I'm really very lucky to have whatever it is that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes\npeople feel this way about me.\n\nBERMAN: That they can talk to you?\n\nBLUMBERG: I did have more of a visit with her after my book. She wrote the\nintroduction to my book about my husband, and when it came out, I was living in\nWashington and she was in Washington frequently to lobby for the holiday. A\nfriend of mine who read the book called me and she said, \"You know, I'm ashamed\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we haven't done anything in all these years about . . . We all agreed with\nwhat you're writing about, but we haven't done anything in so many years.\" She\nsaid, \"I want to give a book party for you and invite half the guest list white,\nhalf colored, and I want to honor Coretta at the same time. You've got to get\nher for me.\" So I did, and she came to the party, and then she came and spent\nthe night with us ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"afterwards. That was the last time I saw her. That was quite\nan interesting thing, because here she was, making me feel that close, and yet,\nas I said, three conversations in a lifetime . . . Very strange.\n\nBERMAN: So you first met them ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"socially at your mother's house. What were your\nimpressions of them when you first met them?\n\nBLUMBERG: First of all, I was excited about meeting them. We had a nice evening\n[with] several other couples there. Before we ever ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"met—when Ralph McGill called\nmy husband to read him the letter that had come from the Birmingham Jail—we\nknew right then that we were dealing with somebody who was going to go down in\nhistory. There was no question about it that this man was really, really\nspecial. So when we met them, I just was really pleased and especially pleased\nthat we had such ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a normal, informal evening. There was nothing exceptional about\nit, either positive or negative. We just had a very nice evening.\n\nBERMAN: What was the reaction? Did any of your friends react negatively [to you]\nhaving an integrated dinner party? Was that an issue at all?\n\nBLUMBERG: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we went to Mother's house, I didn't have any reason to be saying\nany more that I would going to anybody else's house for dinner, so I just didn't\ntalk about it. You've got to realize he was well known, but he wasn't famous\nfamous as you would think about him today. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4920.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also was very much disliked by\nmost people in Atlanta. So when we invited them to our house for dinner, I had\nthe feeling of wanting to go around telling people, bragging about it—which I\ndidn't do because it wasn't nice. That wasn't the main reason I didn't do it,\nalthough I realized it might have had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"repercussions in some ways. The main\nreason was, you have a tendency like this, but you know darn well you can't do\nit because it just isn't the right thing to do.\n\nBERMAN: Could you recount the story of why they came late to your house that\nnight? It's a famous story and I just want you to . . .\n\nBLUMBERG: I hope I could do it without tearing up, because I still get—even\nafter all these years . . . They came over an hour ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"late and we said, \"Don't\nworry about it.\" But Martin wanted to tell me something special about it, so he\ninsisted. What it was, was he said that they had a hard time finding it because\nthe street wasn't lit and they couldn't see the numbers. So they finally had to\ngo up to somebody's house and ask which one was ours. He said he wanted me to\nknow, \"I wouldn't embarrass you with your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighbors. I let Coretta go to the\ndoor so she'd just think we were coming to serve a party.\" They wouldn't see him\nand they wouldn't recognize her. It didn't dawn on me then. We'd visited friends\nwho had a house in Bay Harbor or Bal Harbor or something, in an area of Miami\nBeach [Florida], where I was shocked to find out that their household help had\nto go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home before dark, because otherwise—even working for somebody—they'd be\npicked up. [It] never dawned on me that right up here on our road, the same\nthing would happen. But they [the Kings] knew it.\n\nBERMAN: It seems to have affected you all these years. Can you describe that feeling?\n\nBLUMBERG: It has. First of all, you've got to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"add a little bit of who King\nreally is today. The fact that he could have said this with equanimity, and that\nhe felt he had to tell me that he didn't embarrass me with my neighbors . . .\n\nBERMAN: So we're getting now to the big dinner. Martin Luther King Jr. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wins the\nNobel Prize and it's decided to give him a dinner. Can you speak to that whole\nhappening, and how that occurred, and your involvement with getting the gift,\nall of it?\n\nBLUMBERG: My husband came home when we heard the news saying the city ought to\nhonor King. He and a few people went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see Mayor Allen and Allen agreed with\nhim. He said, \"Let me go talk to the power structure.\" Ivan Allen was a member\nof the power structure, not only by being the mayor, [but] he was part of that\ngroup even before. So these were his buddies. He could not convince them that\nthe city should honor King. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5160.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He met with a group afterwards. I think there were\nmaybe three or four men. I don't know exactly who the men where. I presume,\nbesides my husband . . . Archbishop Hallinan was too sick, he wouldn't have\ngone, but presumably Ralph McGill and Dr. Mays. When he came back, he said, \"I\nthink you're right. I think the city ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should honor its first Nobelist. I'll be\nbehind you if you want to do it. But you ought to know that this city has never\ndone anything public. First of all, it's never had an integrated public dinner\nfor any reason, but it's never had a big public event happen without the\nendorsement of the power structure. So if you all are brave enough to go ahead\nwith it, I'll stand behind ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you.\" So they did. And he did stand . . . So one day\nmy husband came home from a meeting with him saying, \"What do you think we ought\nto give Martin besides a certificate? He needs a gift.\" My first reaction was\nnot silver. The thing to do in those days was silver. You had an inscribed tray\nor coffee service or whatever. The first thing off the top of my head was, \"Not\nsilver. Coretta's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5250.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got enough household work to do without another piece of\nsilver to clean.\" He said, \"Well, what?\" I thought for a minute and I said, \"You\ncan inscribe on Steuben Glass Crystal.\" He came home the next day and said,\n\"Ivan says that's a good idea. Go get it.\" [I said,] \"Who, me?\" [He said,]\n\"Yeah, you.\" It had to be a secret because if the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"word had gotten out that this\ndinner was being planned before the structure of it got ready to make it public,\nit could have been killed aborning. So for that reason—and also because there\nwas not exactly good feeling with Rich's in those days—I couldn't call Rich's.\nThere wasn't any place that sold it between Rich's and New York. So I called the\nheadquarters in New ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"York and told them what I wanted and why I wanted it. I\nasked to speak to the president, and I got the vice president, and I told him\nwhat I wanted. He said, \"Well, first of all, it's the middle of December.\nChristmas is coming. Our engravers are very busy, as they always are. I don't\nknow that we can get it to you by the end of . . . \" It was on the 26th of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5340.0,5370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"January, the dinner. He said, \"I don't know if we can get it to by then, because\nafter Christmas, they get a holiday. But I'll see. Maybe if I tell them in\nconfidence who it's for, they might want to do it. Call me back tomorrow.\" I\nthanked him and I said, \"Also, how much do you estimate it's going to cost?\" I\nlet him determine the size bowl that was proper to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do, but I had in the back of\nmy mind . . . My figures may be a little bit off, but this is generally what\nhappened. They wanted to keep the price of the tickets low enough so that a\nmaximum of King followers could come. Don't forget, most people in Atlanta\nthought it was great that somebody from Atlanta won the Nobel Prize, but [it\nwas] too bad that it had to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5400.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"King. That was their attitude. So the figure that\nI could spend was $300. So when I asked Mr. Thurston what he thought it would\ncost if he could get it for me, he said, \"The regular price for that sized bowl\nis $750.\" I gulped, \"Thank you, sir. I'll call you back tomorrow.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5430.0,5460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meanwhile, I\ntold Jack and he said \"Call Ivan at home and tell him.\" So I called him and he\nsaid, \"You get it. We're going to do this thing right. I don't care if I pay for\nit myself. Get it, whatever it is.\" So I called Mr. Thurston the next day and he\nsaid, \"Well, I'm happy to say that while I told the engravers who it was for,\nthey're going to come back without that vacation to get it ready for you.\" [I\nsaid,] \"Well, thank you, sir. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5460.0,5490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And how much did you say it would be?\" [He said,]\n\"Well I think considering, we can give it to you for $300.\" So that's the story\nof the bowl. Actually, now it's on display. I don't know whether actually today\nit is, but it was not for a long time. My friend Cecily Abram—when she came\ndown here to visit—was absolutely furious that it was not on display. Well,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the heck is it? So she marches into the office at the King Center, which\nwas not . . . The Center wasn't open the way it is today. This was maybe six or\nseven years ago. But she marches in with me, and she introduces me to whoever's\nat the desk and says, \"This woman designed that bowl. She's the one who told\nthem what to . . . and you better let her see it.\" So ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5520.0,5550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they let us go down the\nhall. We looked at it. It was in a vitrine with several other things. Cecily\nraised hell. Shortly after that—I don't remember whether it was that same year\nor the year after—they had a big meeting. It was the anniversary of, I think,\nthe Nobel Prize, because the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5550.0,5580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"curator from Oslo [Norway] was here for it. There\nwas an event at the Carter Center on Friday night and then on Saturday, [there\nwere] these all day events at the King Center, the big place across the street.\nSo the conversation came up.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5580.0,5610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[phone rings, interview pauses then resumes]\n\nBERMAN: So we were talking about the dinner. For many people in Atlanta, that\nwas probably the first time they sat at an integrated table. Were there any\nreactions before or after, during?\n\nBLUMBERG: Not in that way. First of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5610.0,5640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all, I don't think anybody came who would\nnot have been very pleased to sit down at an integrated table. But for me, it\nwas just overwhelming, because when we came through from the holding room to the\ndais, we had to walk through the whole ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5640.0,5670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ballroom—the short line for the\nballroom—to get to the dais. The tables were so close together that you had to\nwalk sideways. People were so excited that they were there, that those who knew\nus wanted us to know that they were there. You couldn't hear, everybody was\ntalking and clapping, but people would reach out to touch ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5670.0,5700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us. If you notice,\nwhen you watch the State of the Union film on television, you see people\nreaching out to let the president know that they're there. That's what they were\ndoing for us, which in itself was so exciting. Then when we got up to the dais\nand we could see the opposite side . . . This was the largest available space in\nthe city and open [to its] full extent. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think 1250 was the total. The entire\nopposite side from the dais, the entire long wall, was with bleachers filled\nwith cameramen and their cameras set up. I thought, people in Atlanta didn't\nrealize that this was going to bring people from all over the world and that\nthey would be watching. The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5730.0,5760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reason, I think, that these two events that we were\ninvolved in were seminal to what's happened to the city, is—we've already been\nthrough the bombing and what that did to what the country did—if Atlanta had\nnot done it, we would have gotten just as much publicity. It just would've been\nthe other kind. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5760.0,5790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thought, looking back on it, it had to be a turning point in\nAtlanta, opening up to things like the Olympics. Granted, a lot of other really\ngood things had happened. I know that people like Andy Young worked like crazy\nin the international scene to bring the Olympics to Atlanta, to bring all the\nbusinesses that then brought the Olympics. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5790.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I don't think they would have\nbeen able to do it successfully had we not had that dinner.\n\nBERMAN: I think you're right.\n\nBLUMBERG: It's really very exciting to feel as if you've been just right there\nin the grandstand watching.\n\nBERMAN: Well, you were more than in the grandstand.\n\nBLUMBERG: Well, I know. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm writing a memoir, so I'm really up on what I've been\ndoing. I realized that there were only two things that I did on my own, and that\nwas not completely . . . One thing, I wrote something. I wrote up a dialog based\non the akedah story—which was the sacrifice of Isaac—but it was with an\nAfrican-American couple coming south ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5850.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the wilderness, sacrificing their\nchild to school, which was performed in churches and also on state television.\nThat, I think, may have hopefully done some good things. The only other thing\nwas that I was one of the Mothers of Conscience for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5880.0,5910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the National Council of\nChristians and Jews. They had a daylong seminar on raising children of goodwill\nbefore the schools were desegregated. One of the events of that day was the\npanel of mothers. [It was] Coretta and myself and—I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5910.0,5940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't think of a name [but]\nI knew her from high school—a Catholic mother, and I'll think of her name in a\nminute, and Dorothy Yang, who was a Chinese Protestant. So we were the original\nones and the idea was to talk about how we raised our children not to be\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5940.0,5970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prejudiced. The idea was to inspire groups like PTAs [Parent Teacher\nAssociations] and churches to invite us to have that kind of a session with Q\nand A afterwards, which happened. In fact, we were so popular that right away\nCoretta had to have somebody else substitute for her. [It was] wonderful. Again,\nI've lost the name, but it's all written down. I just am ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5970.0,6000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forgetting names these\ndays. But then once or twice I had to have somebody substitute for me, because\nthat's how [much] people really wanted to talk about it, and to get their fears\nopened up and satisfied.\n\nBERMAN: Looking back on all of these events that you were a part ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=6000.0,6030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of, besides\nyour family, and your children, [and] your grandchild, what do you consider your\ngreatest accomplishment?\n\nBLUMBERG: Besides my children?\n\nBERMAN: Because I knew you would say your children. I knew you would say your children.\n\nBLUMBERG: That's really hard to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=6030.0,6060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say . . . I'll tell you—the fact that I wrote\nabout my husband, because it's not just the college professors who go by the\nsaying \"publish or perish.\" I think it's true generally that if there's not\nsomething out ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=6060.0,6090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/transcript/42118/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there . . . Now there are other ways of preservation in addition\nto print, but it's got to be out there or people will forget you. I guess that's\nwhat I'm proudest of.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you so much. This has been truly a pleasure and quite an\nexperience for me.\n\nBLUMBERG: Thank you very much.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you.\n\nBLUMBERG: I appreciate being able to do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=6090.0,6120.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSmith College is a private liberal arts women’s college in Northampton, Massachusetts. It is the largest member of the historic Seven Sisters colleges, a group of elite women’s colleges in the Northeastern United States. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University founded the Emory School in the Fishburne Building on the Emory Campus in 1919 as a public school for faculty children. In 1928, the K-11 school moved to its current site at 1798 Haygood Drive and renamed Druid Hills High School. In 1959, the elementary students were moved to Fernbank Elementary School and Druid Hills High School then housed grades 8-12.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2022, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939-1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world’s countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJosephine (Jo) Joel Heyman (1901-1993) was a Jewish civic and political activist in Atlanta. During the 1930s, she conducted night classes to teach Holocaust refugees English. When the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching expanded, she became an active member. In the 1940s she was one of five women founders of the United Nations Association of Atlanta. She and her friend, Eleanor Raoul Greene, started the DeKalb County chapter of the League of Women Voters. In the 1960s, she turned her efforts to promoting racial desegregation. She also gave years of service and leadership in the National Council of Jewish Women and \u003cem\u003eHadassah\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRebecca Mathis Gershon (known as “Reb”) (1899-1987) was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee but her grandparents came from Germany. On a visit to Atlanta she met and later married Harry Gershon. Rebecca Mathis Gershon was involved in the life of the Jewish community of Atlanta including the National Council of Jewish Women, the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta, \u003cem\u003eHadassah\u003c/em\u003e, as well as in the Civil Rights Movement. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eWhat’s Next?: Southern Dreams, Jewish Deeds and the Challenge of Looking Back while Moving Forward\u003c/em\u003e is Janice Rothschild Blumberg’s memoir that was published in 2022. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Jacob Mortimer \"Jack\" Rothschild (1911-1973) served as rabbi of Atlanta’s oldest Reform congregation, the Temple, from 1946 until his death in 1973 from a heart attack. A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he forged close relationships with the city’s Christian clergy and distinguished himself as a charismatic spokesperson for civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA suffragette was a member of an activist women’s organization in the early 20th century who fought for the right to vote in public elections. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. The name seems to have originated in the song “Jump Jim Crow,” a song-and-dance caricature of Blacks performed by white actor Thomas D. Rice in Blackface in 1832. As a result of Rice’s fame, “Jim Crow” became a pejorative expression meaning “Negro” by 1838 and the later segregation laws became known as “Jim Crow” laws. Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly “separate but equal” status for black Americans, although in reality this was not so. Some examples of Jim Crow laws are the segregation of public schools, places, and public transportation and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants and drinking fountains for white people and black people. Private businesses, political parties, and unions created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring black people from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. In the middle twentieth century, the Supreme Court began to overturn Jim Crow laws on constitutional grounds. Rosa Parks defied the Jim Crow laws when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man, which became a catalyst to the Civil Rights movement. Her actions, and the demonstrations that followed, led to a series of legislative and court decisions that contributed to undermining the Jim Crow system. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 officially ended Jim Crow segregation laws. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) is best known for his role as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs. A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia, in 1962, and organized nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, that attracted national attention following television news coverage of the brutal police response. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous \"I Have a Dream\" speech. On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. In 1965, he and the SCLC helped to organize the Selma to Montgomery marches and the following year, he took the movement north to Chicago to work on segregated housing. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many United States’ cities. King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a United States federal holiday in 1986. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eInterlochen Arts Camps is a prestigious art camp in Interlochen, Michigan. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOne Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South\u003c/em\u003e is a book by Janice Rothschild Blumberg about her husband Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild, his involvement in civil rights during the period of desegregation, and the antisemitism he experienced, including the bombing of The Temple. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOur Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York\u003c/em\u003e is a history book by Stephen Birmingham that documents the lives of prominent Jewish families of the 19th century. Birmingham tells the story of Jewish families who emigrated from Germany to New York, and how they built up their fortunes. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIngleside Country Club was a Jewish country club in Atlanta that opened in 1916.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a Jewish social club that started as the “Concordia Association” in 1867 in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905, it was reorganized as the “Standard Club” and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near the site of Center Parc Credit Union Stadium (formerly Turner Field). In the late 1920s the club moved to Ponce de Leon Avenue in Midtown Atlanta. Later, the club moved to what is now the Lenox Park business park and was located there until 1983. In the 1980s, the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Haas family was a prominent Jewish family in Atlanta, Georgia and instrumental in founding The Temple. Members of the Haas family also established several profitable enterprises, including forays into finance, insurance, and real estate.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Montag family was another prominent Jewish family in Atlanta, Georgia. They established Montag Brothers Inc., one of the leaders in the stationary industry. A member of the family also founded Montag, a wealth management firm in Atlanta. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThey Heymans were a prominent German Jewish family in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBallyhoo was the name of a social party for upper-middle class Reform Jewish young adults (high school to college age) held annually in Atlanta, Georgia. The event attracted young people from all over the Southeast to meet boys and girls from other cities. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jubilee is the year at the end of seven cycles of \u003cem\u003eshmita\u003c/em\u003e (Sabbatical years). The Jubilee year is a year of freedom from enslavement which is celebrated every 50 years.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Georgia-Auburn football rivalry is a college football rivalry game between the Auburn Tigers and the Georgia bulldogs. The two teams first played each other in 1892 and the rivalry has been renewed annually since 1944. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColumbia University is an Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Dr. David Marx (1872-1962) was a long-time rabbi at the Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. A native of New Orleans, he led the congregation’s move toward the practices of Reform Judaism. He served as rabbi from 1895 to 1946. When he retired, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild took the pulpit that Rabbi Marx had held for more than half a century. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWSB is a commercial AM radio station in Atlanta, Georgia. It airs a news/talk radio format, simulcast on co-owned 95.5 WSBB-FM. WSB is the flagship station for Cox Media Group; in addition to WSB and WSBB-FM, it owns three other Atlanta radio stations and Atlanta's ABC Television Network affiliate, Channel 2 WSB-TV. WSB was one of the first radio stations in the South. It first aired on March 15, 1922. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Biltmore Hotel on West Peachtree Street in Atlanta opened in 1924. The 11-story hotel and the 10-story apartment buildings were located in Midtown. There were towering radio masks on each end of the building, with vertical illuminated letters on them that spell out “BILTMORE.” In 1967 it was sold to Sheraton Hotels and became the Sheraton-Biltmore Hotel. The building has now been renovated and turned into office space and condominiums and is still called the “Biltmore.” \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Yankee” or \"Yank\" has several meanings, all referring to people from the United States. In Southern American English, “Yankee” refers to a Northerner.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a colonial movement which supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel in historic Palestine by any means necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are the two holiest times of the Jewish calendar: \u003cem\u003eRosh Hashanah\u003c/em\u003e (new year) and \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e (days of atonement). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e (Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos\u003c/em\u003e (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\"Bible Belt\" is an informal term for a region in the southeastern and south-central United States in which socially conservative evangelical Protestantism is a significant part of the culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation’s average The Bible Belt consists of much of the southern United States extending west into Texas and Oklahoma.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeder\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of \u003cem\u003eNisan\u003c/em\u003e in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e on both the first two nights of Passover. The \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e or \u003cem\u003eChanukah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: dedication] is an eight-day festival of lights usually falling around Christmas on the Christian calendar. \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e celebrates the victory of the Maccabees in 165 BCE over the Seleucid rulers of Palestine, who had desecrated the Temple. The Maccabees wanted to re-dedicate the Temple altar to Jewish worship by rekindling the \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e (ritual candelabra) but could only find one small jar of ritually pure olive oil. This oil continued to burn miraculously for eight days, enabling them to prepare new oil. The \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e, or \u003cem\u003ehanukiah\u003c/em\u003e, with its nine branches, is used to commemorate this miracle by lighting eight candles, one for each day, with the ninth candle. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ehanukiah\u003c/em\u003e (or \u003cem\u003echanukiah\u003c/em\u003e) is the proper term for a candelabra with nine branches that is lit during \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e. Since \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e lasts for eight days it permits the lighting of eight candles, one for each day, by the ninth candle. Generally, the candelabra used at \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e is almost always called a \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e. However, the \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e, which has only seven branches, is an ancient symbol of the Jews and which has become connected with \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e. According to the Talmud, after the desecration of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, there was only enough pure oil left to fuel the eternal flame in the Temple for one day. Miraculously, the oil burned for eight days which was enough to make new pure oil. The Talmud states that it is prohibited to use a seven-branched \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e outside of the Temple so the \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003ehanukiah\u003c/em\u003e) has nine branches.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe International Council of Christians and Jews (ICCJ) serves as the umbrella organization of 38 Jewish-Christian dialogue organizations worldwide that engage in the renewal of Jewish-Christian relations. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHannah Grossman Shulhafer (1901-1984) was an active leader in the Jewish and general communities as far back as the 1920s. She engaged in the resettlement of Jewish refugees from Europe and was active in the Civil Rights Movement. Hannah was a leading figure in the Atlanta Jewish Federation, the Welfare Fund and was a Zionist and ardent supporter of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Council for Judaism (ACJ) is an organization of American Jews committed to the proposition that Jews are not a nationality but merely a religious group, adhering to the original stated principles of Reform Judaism. The ACJ was founded in June 1942 by a group of Reform rabbis who opposed the direction of their movement, including, but not limited to, the issue of Zionism. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWhite Citizens’ Council (WCC) was an American white supremacist organization formed on July 11, 1954. After 1956, it was known as the Citizens’ Councils of America. It had about 60,000 members, mostly in the South, and was opposed to racial integration during the 1950s and 1960s when it retaliated with economic boycotts and strong intimidation against black activists, including depriving them of jobs. By the 1970s its influence had faded.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorge Bright was one of five suspects that were arrested in the bombing of The Temple on October 12, 1958. He was tried twice. His first trial ended with a hung jury and his second with an acquittal. As a result, the other suspects were not tried, and no one was ever convicted. Bright was a member of the neo-Nazi political organizations, the Columbians, Inc. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Columbians Incorporated were the nation's first neo-Nazi political organization, which arose in Atlanta during the summer of 1946. Describing themselves as a \"patriotic and political\" group, its founders applied for a charter as a nonprofit organization from the state, which they received in August 1946. The group pursued a campaign of intimidation against the city's minorities, patrolling those neighborhoods most vulnerable to racial transition, and threatening with violence those residents who dared cross the city's \"color line.\" Although they attracted some support from Atlanta's working-class whites, the Columbians were uniformly condemned by the city's press and targeted for arrest by its political establishment. After two incidents in October 1946 involving violence and demonstrating by members of the group, elected officials, members of the press, and local ministers all condemned the organization as a public menace requiring immediate attention. In November, state officials moved to revoke the group's charter. By summer 1947, the group had dissolved, following the conviction of its leaders on charges of usurping police power and inciting to riot. Although the Columbians' existence may have been brief, their appearance nonetheless dramatized the racial tensions that characterized the postwar South. George Bright, one of the men tried in the 1958 bombing of the Temple in Atlanta, had once belonged to the Columbians.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaria Cole (1922-2012) was an American Jazz singer and the wife of Singer Nat King Cole. She sung in Duke Ellington’s Orchestra, and had solo shows at Club Zanzibar in Harlem, New York. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International [Hebrew: Children of the Covenant] is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Anti-Defamation League (ADL) was founded in 1913 “to stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment to all.” ADL fights antisemitism and all forms of bigotry, defends democratic ideals, and protects civil rights. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia was bombed in the early morning hours of October 12, 1958. About 50 sticks of dynamite were planted near the building and tore a huge hole in the wall. No one was injured in the bombing as it was during the night. Rabbi Jacob Rothschild was an outspoken advocate of civil rights and integration and friend of Martin Luther King Jr. Five men associated with the National States’ Rights Party, a white separatist group, were tried and acquitted in the bombing. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. It is an affiliate of the Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Council was created in 1945 when a committee of 20, appointed by the president of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, met to consider how the adult Jewish organizations in the community could be coordinated to participate more effectively in the community service. In 1967, the Jewish Community Council merged into the Atlanta Jewish Federation along with the Atlanta Federation for Jewish Social Service and the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund. The Council became a department of the Atlanta Jewish Federation (now the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta) called Community Relations and Internal Jewish Affairs (later changed to the Community Relations Committee). By 2009, the Council became an independent entity, the Jewish Community Relations Council of Atlanta. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuckhead is an area located northwest of Downtown Atlanta with gracious homes, elegant hotels, shopping centers, restaurants, and high-rise condominium and office buildings. Buckhead is a major commercial and financial center of the Southeast, and it is the third-largest business district in Atlanta, behind Downtown and Midtown. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fox Theatre is located on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta. The theater was originally planned as part of a large Shrine Temple as evidenced by its Moorish design. The theater was ultimately developed as a lavish movie palace, opening in 1929. The auditorium replicates an Arabian courtyard under a night sky of flickering stars and drifting clouds. The Fox Theatre now hosts cultural and artistic events, and concerts by popular artists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames R. Venable (1901-1993) was a white supremacist Georgia lawyer and Mayor of Stone Mountain, Georgia from 1946 to 1949. He established the Klan national faction of National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan in 1963, which he led for 25 years. He defended the bombers of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing, which he described as one of the most difficult cases of his career. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReuben Garland (1930-2011) began practicing law in 1922 at the age of 18. He was known for his garish attire and flamboyant courtroom performances. He was nevertheless very shrewd and even while acquiring a jail sentence of contempt of court, he still managed to get his client, George Bright, who was accused of bombing the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple, acquitted.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMelissa Fay Greene (1952-) is an American non-fiction author in Atlanta, Georgia who is the author of \u003cem\u003eNo Biking in the House Without a Helmet\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePraying for Sheetrock\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eThe Temple Bombing\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eLast Man Out\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eThere Is No Me Without You\u003c/em\u003e. She was born in Macon, Georgia and was raised in Dayton, Ohio. She is the wife of defense attorney Don Samuel. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis book refers to \u003cem\u003eThe Temple Bombing\u003c/em\u003e, by Melissa Fay Greene. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSukkot\u003c/em\u003e is one of the harvest festivals of Judaism. It is seven days long and comes after the ingathering of the yearly harvest. It celebrates God’s bounty in nature and God’s protection, symbolized by the fragile booths in which the Israelites dwelt in the wilderness. During \u003cem\u003eSukkot\u003c/em\u003e, Jews eat and live in such booths, which gives the festival its name and character. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Edgar Hoover (1895-1972) was an American law-enforcement administrator who served as the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Berry Hartsfield, Sr. (1890-1971), served as the 49th and 51st Mayor of Atlanta. His tenure extended from 1937 to 1941 and again from 1942 to 1962, making him the longest-serving mayor of his native Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDwight David Eisenhower (1890-1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he served as Supreme Commander to the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe and achieved a five-star rank as General of the Army.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePaul John Hallinan (1911-1968) was an American clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Charleston (1958-1962) and Archbishop of Atlanta (1962-1968). He was known as a champion of racial equality and liturgical reform. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrace Towns Hamilton (1907-1992) was a Civil Rights activist and advisor, Georgia state representative. After work in the 1930s creating interracial programs on college campuses in Tennessee, she became president of the Atlanta Urban League in 1943, working to improve schooling, healthcare, voting rights, and housing for black Atlantans. In 1966, she became the first black woman elected to the Georgia General Assembly and held office for nearly 20 years. Later, she was advisor to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePaschal’s is a restaurant in Atlanta, Georgia. It opened as a small sandwich shop in 1947 by brothers Robert and James Paschal. The restaurant was noted for being a place where black and white people were welcome, as well as queer people. It was one of the first restaurants to seat black and white customers at the same tables when segregated seating was the norm. It was the unofficial headquarters for the Civil Rights Movement during the 1960s, and Martin Luther King Jr, among other civil rights leaders, frequently met at Paschal’s to strategize and plan marches and sit-ins. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCoretta Scott King (1927-2006) was an American author, civil rights leader. The widow of Martin Luther King, Jr., Coretta Scott King helped lead the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. King often participated in many of her husband's exploits and goals during the battle for equality. Mrs. King played a prominent role in the years after her husband's 1968 assassination when she took on the leadership of the struggle for racial equality herself and became active in the Women's Movement and the LGBT rights movement. King founded the King Center in Atlanta and sought to make her husband’s birthday a national holiday. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMartin Luther King III (1957-) is an American human rights activist, philanthropist and advocate. He is the oldest son of Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. He served as the fourth President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference from 1997-2004.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYolanda Denise King (1955-2007) was an activist, actress and the first-born child of Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. She pursued artistic and entertainment endeavors, and public speaking.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRalph Emerson McGill (1898-1969) was an American journalist, best known as an anti-segregationist editor and publisher of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper. He won a Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing in 1959. He became friends with Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson, acting as a civil rights advisor and behind-the-scenes envoy to several African nations. After his death, Ralph McGill Boulevard in Atlanta (previously Forrest Boulevard) was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \"Letter from Birmingham Jail” is an open letter written on April 16, 1963 by Martin Luther King, Jr. from the jail in Birmingham, Alabama. King had been arrested on April 12 after marching in Birmingham in defiance of a court order banning the same. An ally smuggled a newspaper into King, which contained a statement by eight white clergymen who spoke against King and his methods. The letter provoked King and he wrote a response that defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism. It said that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than wait potentially forever for justice to come through the courts. The letter was widely published and became an important text for the American Civil Rights Movement during the early 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIvan Earnest Allen, Jr. (1911-2003), was an American businessman who served two terms as the 52nd Mayor of Atlanta during the turbulent civil rights era of the 1960s. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5160.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eProbably Dr. Benjamin Mays. Benjamin Elijah Mays (1894-1984) was an American Baptist minister and American civil rights leader who is credited with laying the intellectual foundations of the American civil rights movement. Mays taught and mentored several influential activists, including Martin Luther King Jr. His rhetoric and intellectual pursuits focused on black self-determination.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRich's was a department store retail chain, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, which operated in the southern U.S. from 1867 until March 6, 2005 when the nameplate was eliminated and replaced by Macy's. It was founded by Hungarian Jewish immigrant Morris Rich (born Mauritius Reich) in Atlanta in 1867 as \"M. Rich \u0026amp; Co. Dry Goods\" Many of the former Rich's stores today form the core of Macy's Central, an Atlanta-based division of Macy's, Inc., which formerly operated as Federated Department Stores, Inc. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change, commonly known as The King Center, is a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1968 by Coretta Scott King, who started the organization in the basement of the couple’s home in the year following the assassination of her husband. In 1981, the center’s headquarters were moved into the Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site, which includes King’s birth home and the Ebenezer Baptist Church. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5520.0,5550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Carter Center is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 1982 by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. He and his wife Rosalynn Carter partnered with Emory University to establish an organization whose mission is a “commitment to human rights and the alleviation of human suffering, the Center seeks to prevent and resolve conflicts, enhance freedom and democracy, and improve health.” It is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5580.0,5610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe State of the Union Address is an annual message delivered by the president of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress on the condition of the nation. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAndrew Jackson Young (1932-) is an American politician, diplomat, activist and pastor from Georgia. He has served as a Congressman from Georgia's 5th congressional district, the United States Ambassador to the United Nations, and Mayor of Atlanta. He served as President of the National Council of Churches USA, was a member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) during the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, and was a supporter and friend of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5790.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/annotation_set/1014/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAkedah\u003c/em\u003e, or the Binding of Isaac, is a story from Genesis 22 of the Hebrew Bible. God tells Abraham to sacrifice his son, Isaac, on Moriah. As Abraham begins to comply, having bound Isaac to an altar, he is stopped by the Angel of the Lord. A ram appears and is slaughtered in Isaac’s stead, as God commends Abraham’s pious obedience. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=5850.0,5880.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Blumberg, Janice Rothschild Oettinger [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family History and Growing up in Atlanta\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=0.0,605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today is February 28, 2020. My name is Sandy Berman. I am the founding archivist for the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum and I am very pleased that you have agreed to participate in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=0.0,605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Columbus, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Druid Hills High School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gershon, Rebecca Mathis (1899-1987)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Heyman, Josephine Joel (1901-1993)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Smith College","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"University of Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=0.0,605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Origins of Social Justice Perspective","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=605.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you attribute that liberal bent of your mother to? Was it Smith? Was it something else? And how did she instill that in you?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=605.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jim Crow Laws","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Racism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rothschild, Jacob M. (1911-1973)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Segregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=605.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Being Connected in the Atlanta Jewish Community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1004.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But first, I wanted to ask you, you mentioned something, and in One Voice actually, you said that—and I’m going to quote you—you said “In those days you didn’t have to be rich to belong to the social elite. You had to be connected. Mother’s grandfather, one of the early reform rabbis of America, served The Temple in 1877.”","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1004.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ballyhoo","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jubilee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Standard Club—Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1004.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Life with Rabbi Jacob Rothschild","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1413.0,2125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Speaking of dating, how did you meet your first husband, the rabbi?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1413.0,2125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hanukkah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David (1872-1962)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rothschild, Jacob M. (1911-1973)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Standard Club—Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Atlanta Biltmore Hotel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=1413.0,2125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Influence of Rabbi Jacob Rothschild","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2125.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You were sort of thrown into that by marrying Jack Rothschild. Do you think that that would have been a path you would have taken regardless—that you would have gotten involved in Civil Rights activities?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2125.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American Council for Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anti-Defamation League","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civil Rights Movement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rothschild, Jacob M. (1911-1973)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Columbians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"White Citizens' Council","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2125.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Bomb Threat to the Rothschild Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2775.0,3205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, but I’d like you to go back in a little bit. You’re mentioning that night, but you’re talking about the night [of] the day that The Temple was bombed.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2775.0,3205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Bombing, 1958—Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=2775.0,3205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Bombing Trial","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3205.0,3726.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you speak to what it was like to be interrogated first by [James] Venable and then by Reuben Garland?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3205.0,3726.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bright, George","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Garland, Reuben (1930-2011)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Venable, James R. (1901-1993)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3205.0,3726.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After The Temple Bombing Trial","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3726.0,4416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you ever have any interaction with Reuben Garland after the trial?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3726.0,4416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (1890-1969)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Garland, Reuben (1930-2011)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greene, Melissa Fay (1952-)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hartsfield, William B. (1890-1971)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hoover, John E. (1895-1972)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Bombing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Bombing, 1958—Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=3726.0,4416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Relationship with the Kings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4416.0,5123.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I’d like to get into that relationship with the Kings.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825#t=4416.0,5123.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88426/file/183825/index/52745/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hallinan, Paul J. 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