{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/sn00z72877/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Sherman, Mary Louise"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2022-09-23 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Sherman, Mary Louise (Interviewee)","Cohen, Judy Bauer (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Sherman was interviewed by Judy Bauer Cohen on September 23, 2022. \u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Marx Sherman was born on December 17, 1930 in Atlanta, Georgia. Her parents were David Marx, Jr. and Mary Hartman Marx. She had one sibling, Ellen Marx. Her grandfather was Dr. David Marx, former rabbi of The Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. She attended Girls’ High School in Atlanta and Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri. In 1949, she married Louis “Sonny” Sherman, Jr. (1925-2015), and they had four children together, Mary Jane, Dorothy, Mike, and Jim. Sherman previously served as Vice President of The Temple Sisterhood.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Sherman beings by discussing her family history and her childhood in Atlanta. She recalls her family’s Jewish life and growing up as the granddaughter of Rabbi David Marx. She talks about the Jewish community’s relationship with the non-Jewish community during her childhood as well as during her grandfather’s time as Rabbi. She reflects on her memories of World War II and marrying her husband, Sonny, after the war and how they raised their four children and her memories of the Temple bombing while her children were in Sunday School. She returns to a discussion of her family and their involvement with the early history of The Temple. She finishes by discussing her grandfather, including her personal recollections of him as a grandfather, his time as Rabbi, his views on civils rights, women’s issues, and Zionism, and his involvement in the Leo Frank case.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29027"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Sherman, Mary Louise (personal name)","Marx, David, 1872-1962 (personal name)","Frank, Leo Max, 1884-1915 (personal name)","Sherman, Louis G. \"Sonny\" Jr., 1925-2015 (personal name)","Jacobson, Harvey, 1923-2007 (personal name)","Oppenheim, Bill H., 1925-2010 (personal name)","Rothschild, Jacob Mortimer, 1911-1973 (personal name)","Marx, Eleanor Rosenfeld, 1878-1952 (personal name)","Rosenfeld, Emilie Baer, 1845-1923 (personal name)","Rosenfeld, Abraham, 1828-1904 (personal name)","Hartman, Ervin H. (personal name)","Marx, Mary Hartman (personal name)","Marx, David, Jr. (personal name)","Girls' High School (corporate name)","Stephens College (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Hebrew Benevolent Congregation (corporate name)","Standard Club (corporate name)","Rich's Department Store (corporate name)","Pinemere Camp (corporate name)","E. Rivers Elementary School (corporate name)","Hebrew Benevolent Society (corporate name)","Ku Klux Klan (corporate name)","National Council of Jewish Women (corporate name)","Atlanta, Georgia (corporate name)","Chicago, Illinois (geographic term)","Minocqua, Wisconsin (geographic term)","Confirmation (geographic term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","Classical Reform Judaism (topical term)","Orthodox Judaism (topical term)","Ballyhoo (named event)","World War II, 1939-1945 (named event)","Pearl Harbor (named event)","London Blitz, 1940-1941 (named event)","Great Depression (named event)","World War I, 1914-1918 (named event)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Sherman was interviewed by Judy Bauer Cohen on September 23, 2022.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Marx Sherman was born on December 17, 1930 in Atlanta, Georgia. Her parents were David Marx, Jr. and Mary Hartman Marx. She had one sibling, Ellen Marx. Her grandfather was Dr. David Marx, former rabbi of The Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. She attended Girls\u0026rsquo; High School in Atlanta and Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri. In 1949, she married Louis \u0026ldquo;Sonny\u0026rdquo; Sherman, Jr. (1925-2015), and they had four children together, Mary Jane, Dorothy, Mike, and Jim. Sherman previously served as Vice President of The Temple Sisterhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise Sherman beings by discussing her family history and her childhood in Atlanta. She recalls her family\u0026rsquo;s Jewish life and growing up as the granddaughter of Rabbi David Marx. She talks about the Jewish community\u0026rsquo;s relationship with the non-Jewish community during her childhood as well as during her grandfather\u0026rsquo;s time as Rabbi. She reflects on her memories of World War II and marrying her husband, Sonny, after the war and how they raised their four children and her memories of the Temple bombing while her children were in Sunday School. She returns to a discussion of her family and their involvement with the early history of The Temple. She finishes by discussing her grandfather, including her personal recollections of him as a grandfather, his time as Rabbi, his views on civils rights, women\u0026rsquo;s issues, and Zionism, and his involvement in the Leo Frank case.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/173/822/small/SHERMAN_MARYLOUSIE.mp4_1673912231.jpg?1673912239","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - SHERMAN__MARY_LOUSIE.mp4"]},"duration":4551.398,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/173/822/small/SHERMAN_MARYLOUSIE.mp4_1673912231.jpg?1673912239","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/173/822/original/SHERMAN__MARY_LOUSIE.mp4?1673912223","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":4551.398,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Mary Louise Sherman [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: My name is Judy Bauer Cohen, and I am conducting an interview with\nMary Louise Sherman on September 23rd, 2022, for the Taylor Oral History Project\nat the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. Mary Louise, will you please state\nyour full name, when and where you were born?\n\nSHERMAN: Mary Louise Marx Sherman. I was born in Atlanta, Georgia, at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Piedmont\nHospital on December 17, 1930.\n\nCOHEN: And for whom were you named? Because it is a very Southern name, Mary Louise.\n\nSHERMAN: My mother's name was Mary. And I guess to distinguish me from my\nmother, she had a friend named Louise. So, I was saddled with this long name.\n\nCOHEN: Please state your parents' full names and when and where they were born\nand where they died and where they are buried.\n\nSHERMAN: My mother's name ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was Mary Hartman Marx. She was born in Chicago,\nIllinois, June 20, 1910, and she is buried at Crest Lawn in Atlanta, Georgia.\n\nCOHEN: How about your father?\n\nSHERMAN: My father's name was David Marx, Jr. He was born January 29, the year\n1903, in Atlanta, Georgia, and he is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also buried at Crest Lawn.\n\nCOHEN: What was your father's occupation?\n\nSHERMAN: He was an insurance agent with the Massachusetts Mutual for over 50 years.\n\nCOHEN: Do you have any siblings?\n\nSHERMAN: I had one sister, Ellen, and she unfortunately had breast cancer and\npassed away at age 60.\n\nCOHEN: Now I'm going to talk to you about your childhood. Where did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you live as\na child and what section of the city did you grow up. Was it a Jewish area?\n\nSHERMAN: I grew up in Druid Hills on Oakdale Road. It wasn't predominantly\nJewish, but there were a lot of Jewish people that lived on the street. In fact,\nMiss Daisy had her accident in our backyard. Her sister, Clemmie Montag, lived\nnext door and she was backing up and came through the woods into our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yard. So I\nthink that was the beginning of our [indistinct 00:02:34]\n\nCOHEN: What schools did you attend?\n\nSHERMAN: I went to Highland School for grammar school, Bass Junior High, and\nGirls' High.\n\nCOHEN: Did you have a . . . go on after that?\n\nSHERMAN: Then I went to Stephens College for two years in Columbia, Missouri.\n\nCOHEN: To what religious congregation did your family belong and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was your\nreligious education like?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, of course we belonged to The Temple. I went through Sunday school\nand was confirmed.\n\nCOHEN: So now I want you to take me back in time, what it was like growing up in\nAtlanta. What were some of your earliest memories about your home in the city of Atlanta?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, the city of Atlanta was nothing like it is now. We had a lot more\nfreedom. We didn't lock the doors. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we played with the children on the street\nand had friends there, lived on [indistinct 00:03:38]. When I was in grammar\nschool, I had a lot of friends that weren't Jewish, and as I went on into school\nlater years, most of my friends were Jewish. We had a sorority in high school\ncalled the Sigma Theta Pi and a lot of us belonged to that. Everybody belonged\nto The Temple that belonged to the sorority.\n\nCOHEN: The friendships you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had, were they from school, the neighborhood? Both?\n\nSHERMAN: Both neighborhood and school. In fact, my best friend, who is still a\ngood friend of mine and lives where I live, lived right across the street from\nme, and she was part of a very Orthodox family. And of course, we were very\nReform, but it's never interfered with our friendship.\n\nCOHEN: Well, we'll get to that a little later. That's an interesting . . . Will\nyou give us her name, please. Would you share that?\n\nSHERMAN: Her name is Bernice Bach.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Bernice Bach. So, we'll maybe allude to that in a little later in the\ninterview. Tell me about some of the activities and organizations you may have\nbelonged to, growing up in Atlanta. Jewish and non-Jewish, perhaps. You touched\non the sorority, obviously.\n\nSHERMAN: That was about it that I can remember. Of course, we had our own little\nprivate clubs where we would say it was a club, but it wasn't.\n\nCOHEN: Was there a youth group at The Temple at the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time that you belonged?\n\nSHERMAN: No.\n\nCOHEN: So there was no organized activity through the congregation at all. What\nwas your mode of transportation then? Did you walk to your activities? Did you\ntake the bus? Or the trolley, or automobile?\n\nSHERMAN: No, it was far. We had our groups.\n\nCOHEN: Parents', carpools.\n\nSHERMAN: Carpools.\n\nCOHEN: So did you ever . . . ?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: I think . . . Yes, we did. My father would always take me to school on\nhis way to work, and then we would have carpools pick us up.\n\nCOHEN: So, tell me about . . .\n\nSHERMAN: And we took the streetcar downtown. And wherever we went, to the\nStandard Club, which was on Ponce de Leon then, which was a big part of our life\nin the summer, we'd take the streetcar.\n\nCOHEN: So, you took the streetcar. Did you take the streetcar after school? Was\nit on the weekends?\n\nSHERMAN: I did in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high school and junior high, but not in grade school.\n\nCOHEN: What did you do downtown? What was the purpose of taking the streetcar?\n\nSHERMAN: We went to Rich's. We would have lunch or dinner. That was a big outing\nfor us.\n\nCOHEN: So how many of your friends usually went? Was it always pre-planned or\nwas it something spontaneous?\n\nSHERMAN: Usually planned. Two or three of us would go. There were no shopping\ncenters. If you want to go shopping, you had to go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"downtown.\n\nCOHEN: Movies, anything like that? Any other activities?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh yes, we went to the movies, we took the streetcar to the Fox\nTheatre. The Plaza shopping center was built then and had a pharmacy, a movie\ntheater, and a bowling alley, which we frequented. We would walk there from\nwhere we lived.\n\nCOHEN: Were most of your outings just with your female friends or was there a\nmix with the boys that you were growing up with?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: Not really until I got to high school. Maybe junior high and high\nschool, but not grammar school. We didn't like boys then.\n\nCOHEN: What, if any, opportunity did you have to interact with kids from the\nOrthodox or conservative community? You just alluded to your friend.\n\nSHERMAN: But that was totally, that was . . . When we started dating, we went\nwith an entirely ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different crowd. There was a, as you are well aware of, there\nwas a big separation in Atlanta.\n\nCOHEN: Can you talk about that? Did you realize that growing up, that there was\na divide? A social divide, I guess.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, I didn't realize it, but I was . . . They were my friends in\nschool but when I started dating, I dated mostly people that belonged to The Temple.\n\nCOHEN: Was that just something that happened, you think?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: That it wasn't that your parents suggested . . .\n\nSHERMAN: We never went to activities at the other synagogues, and I don't think\nthey came to The Temple to activities. We had things like, kids have like the\nPurim Carnival and the Hanukkah party, things like that. I think it was totally\nseparate between the congregations.\n\nCOHEN: You mentioned your good friend that you still have today that was part of\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orthodox community. How did you interact, did your Orthodox and Reform\nbackgrounds have any impact on your friendship?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, I just think she thought we were heathens.\n\nCOHEN: Did you ever try to defend or dissent?\n\nSHERMAN: And I didn't understand everything they believed, but I respected their beliefs.\n\nCOHEN: Did you ever . . . you were friends from the neighborhood, you said.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Originally. Did you do activities together or was that already part of\nthe German Jewish community?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, we did activities, the two of us, but when we started dating, we\nwent with entirely different crowds.\n\nCOHEN: How did you keep up with one another through the years after that?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, we went to school together and then . . .\n\nCOHEN: To Stephens or . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I mean, through junior high and high school. And then after we were\nmarried and had children, we would meet once a week and have lunch, go shopping.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: How did you two end up at the same place where you're living now? Was it\nsomething preplanned or it just was happenstance?\n\nSHERMAN: She was there, and she was a big reason that I moved there because she\nintroduced me to the place and had me over to visit several times. And after I\nwas widowed, I thought it was a good move for me, so I wouldn't be alone.\n\nCOHEN: Did you or your sister Ellen attend a Jewish camp?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wisconsin.\n\nCOHEN: What was the camp?\n\nSHERMAN: Pinemere was the name. It was in Minocqua, Wisconsin. My mother's\nfather had a summer home. They lived in Chicago, my grandparents, they had a\nsummer home in Green Lake, Wisconsin, so we went to camp nearby. In Minocqua,\nwhich was just north of Green Lake.\n\nCOHEN: How many years did you attend?\n\nSHERMAN: Either two or three, I think two.\n\nCOHEN: At what age did you start ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going to camp?\n\nSHERMAN: I was about 12. My sister was eight.\n\nCOHEN: After your camp, did you go visit your grandparents in Chicago?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah. I went up there one Christmas and sat on the radiator the\nwhole time, it was too cold for me up there. I knew I'd never live there. But I\nhad a social life there because I knew all these people from when I had gone to\ncamp who were from Chicago. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I started visiting. We went to Green Lake in the\nsummertime before I was old enough to go to camp, and then when I went to camp,\nafter I went to camp, I'd visit in Chicago and visit different people.\n\nCOHEN: When you were growing up, how did your father and mother, you and Ellen,\ncelebrate the Shabbat or Jewish holidays?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, when my grandparents had a house, my grandmother had . . . we\ncalled it Shabbos ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dinner then. [interview pauses; then resumes] We would have\nFriday night dinner and light the candles and say the bracha, and then we would\nall go to services.\n\nCOHEN: This was your grandfather's and grandmother's house?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. And after they didn't have a house anymore, we really didn't have\nShabbos dinner very often.\n\nCOHEN: Interesting that you went on to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"services afterwards. Were there other\nwere other kids your age that attended service?\n\nSHERMAN: Maybe a few, but we went as a family on Friday night.\n\nCOHEN: Were there other family members other than your immediate family that\nwere with your grandparents?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, my grandmother had a sister that lived here, and I think they\nwent ... the Summerfields.\n\nCOHEN: Any other aunts and uncles or . . . ?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: I think that was all I had here.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me about any special traditions your family may have had. It may be\nsurrounding the holidays or anything, it doesn't have to be the holidays.\n\nSHERMAN: I don't want to sound like The Godfather, but The Temple was our\nbusiness when we were young. I love The Temple and I used to go with my\ngrandfather, and I would play at The Temple. I can remember sitting on the organ\nbench with Mr. Sheldon, who played the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organ and just having a good time. The\nTemple had three people working there when I was growing up. Now it has as many\npeople as the State Department.\n\nCOHEN: Who were those people, do you remember? They must've been big influences.\n\nSHERMAN: My grandfather was Rabbi David Marx. And then Saul Goldon was the\nsecretary, and he was either going to law school or just graduated from law\nschool. Then they had a janitor, Robert Benton ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was his name, and they took care\nof the building.\n\nCOHEN: You said you enjoyed being there and I'll touch on some of that maybe a\nlittle later. But was that because it was time spent with your grandfather?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. And any time I asked him to take me, he would, and I would sort of\nroam the building.\n\nCOHEN: Unattended?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah.\n\nCOHEN: So, you had the run of the mill of a big place?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, it wasn't quite as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big as it is now, but . . .\n\nCOHEN: Can you recall any organizations, Jewish or non-Jewish, that your parents\nbelonged to?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I really can't. The Temple had a men's club at the time my father\nbelonged to. My mother, of course, belonged to the Sisterhood. My mother and my\ngrandmother at different times were presidents of the Sisterhood. And of course,\nwe belonged to the Council of Jewish Women. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The usual.\n\nCOHEN: Please share any thoughts or memories you may have about the Jewish\ncommunity's relationship with the non-Jewish community when you were growing up.\nYou kind of alluded to that earlier. Can you expand on that?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, I never knew there were any problems growing up really with the\nnon-Jewish community.\n\nCOHEN: Well, I'm not . . . I guess I didn't . . . not necessarily problems, but\nthat there was obviously a social divide.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: There was definitely a social divide. But I have always felt that my\ngrandfather at times in his career was more well thought of in the Christian\ncommunity than he was in the Jewish community. He had many friends who were\nministers. Atlanta was so small when he came here in 1895. He never spoke about\nany overt ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitism. I know it was there, but he . . .\n\nCOHEN: You went into my next question. You did not experience anything like\nthat. Do you think it was because of your grandfather's relationship in the\nnon-Jewish community that he created?\n\nSHERMAN: He was very friendly with a lot of ministers. I can remember my\ngrandparents having them for dinner and things like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. And I think it was\nbecause Atlanta was so small. And of course, he went out of his way--well, I\nwon't go into that right now--because of the [Leo] Frank case.\n\nCOHEN: And we'll get to that, so you if you want to hold that thought.\n\nSHERMAN: I will.\n\nCOHEN: We'll get there. So, Ballyhoo was a popular social event in the 1940s for\nyoung Jewish singles from around the Southeast. And at the time, the Southern\nJews were denied ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"entrance into the non-Jewish private country clubs. I know it\nwas before your time.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. I never went to Ballyhoo. My parents did.\n\nCOHEN: That's what I wanted to ask you, can you give me any reflections, any\nidea of what their discussions about Ballyhoo was?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't remember except it was a big party they went to. That's all\nI can remember. They had a lot of people from all the . . . in their generation,\nthe previous one to mine. They knew everybody in the South, they all knew each\nother. All the Jewish people.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Was Ballyhoo . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Of the Reform Jewish faith.\n\nCOHEN: Ballyhoo was a one-time event during the year, is that correct?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. I think it was near Christmas time, when people were home from college.\n\nCOHEN: So, your parents, did they . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember any remarks about it, except I remember them saying\nthey went.\n\nCOHEN: What was the Jewish community's relationship with the black community\nwhen you were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"growing up?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't really know. I know that we never wondered where they went to\nschool or anything like that. It was just a way of life, and everything was\naccepted. The drinking fountains, the different waiting rooms, and looking back\non it, it was horrible, but we just never talked about it. And the people that\nworked for us at home, the help, never ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talked about it.\n\nCOHEN: So, you had the help.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: You had the help. Did you have the help of someone that was with your\nfamily for a long time?\n\nSHERMAN: I can't remember anybody that was there for more than just a few years.\nWe had no old family retainers.\n\nCOHEN: Who were some of the influential Atlanta Jewish community leaders when\nyou were growing up, and were they the same people that were influential in the\nnon-Jewish community?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: I don't really recall that too much.\n\nCOHEN: I don't know . . . Ben Massell, and some of the . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Ben Massell, Harold Hirsch. I just can't recall right now who was . . .\npeople that were President of The Temple and all. I don't really remember\ngrowing up.\n\nCOHEN: Well, that begs me to think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about your parents and who their friends,\nmostly apparently from The Temple. Were there any special friends of theirs that\nyou remember?\n\nSHERMAN: No. They had a group that they were friendly with. Peggy and Oscar\nStrauss, Janet and Red Elsas, Jean and Cain Stern. There were a bunch of people,\nMarion and Sam Moore. You know, that they were they were all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people that\nbelonged to The Temple.\n\nCOHEN: You had mentioned the Standard Club, so that was a social organization\nclub that your parents belong to.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: Were there a lot of events that they attended at the Standard Club?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah, they even had a Christmas tea dance in those days. It was a\ndifferent world.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Do you remember what it was like growing up during World War II? Did that\naffect you? You were a young adult then, I guess.\n\nSHERMAN: I was in . . .\n\nCOHEN: . . . your teens, maybe . . .\n\nSHERMAN: The war started when I was in sixth grade. Pearl Harbor was bombed when\nI was in sixth grade, so I was ten or 11 years old. I remember the ration\ncoupons and gas coupons, the rationing and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wadding up balls of tinfoil--they\nwere collecting tinfoil for some reason--and doing things like that. One day our\nwhole class went out and picked cotton because they didn't have anybody to pick\nthe cotton.\n\nCOHEN: Where were the cotton fields?\n\nSHERMAN: Somewhere between here and Athens [Georgia].\n\nCOHEN: How did you get there? [indistinct 00:20:53]\n\nSHERMAN: The bus. They took on the bus from grammar school.\n\nCOHEN: Oh, from grammar school.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: Did it affect your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way of life? You knew these things were happening. You\nhad the ration cards . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Not really. But we had to scrounge around, if your foot grew, you had\nto scrounge around for shoe coupons. I can remember things, shortages, we didn't\nhave beef much and I can remember things like that and taking the streetcar.\nThey gave different grades of gas coupons. The businessman got more than the\nfamily got. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can remember things like that, but nothing really affected my life\nthat much.\n\nCOHEN: Did you understand why these things were, these shortages, did you understand?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah, we understood it. And we felt awful about the bombing of\nLondon, that used to affect us. They had programs where they brought a whole\nbunch of children from Europe to the United States, and they would be on the\nradio once a week and they would be talking to their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parents in Great Britain,\nand we would listen. My father was a news nut, and he kept the radio on the\nbuffet all during dinner. So, I was aware of the news.\n\nCOHEN: How about your grandfather?\n\nSHERMAN: I just remember that they had a temple service when the war was over. I\ndon't remember anything.\n\nCOHEN: You do not remember him giving any . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember any special events or anything like that. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know that\nthe servicemen were welcome at The Temple, and they were welcome at the Standard\nClub. But I was really young then.\n\nCOHEN: We're going to switch to you being a little older, then. We're going to\nswitch to a married life now. Can you please give me your husband's name and\nbirthdate and where he was born?\n\nSHERMAN: His name was Louis G. Sherman, Jr.. He was born in Saint Louis. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"June\n16, 1925.\n\nCOHEN: And is he . . . you mentioned that you are a widow now. Is that correct?\nDid he have a nickname?\n\nSHERMAN: He was called Sonny. I'm sure you remember that.\n\nCOHEN: And why was he called Sonny?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, his mother said he was her sunshine, I guess after having two daughters.\n\nCOHEN: Okay. And I would have assumed it was because he was a junior.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: No, I think that's what she told me. She used to call him her sunshine.\n\nCOHEN: That is special. How and where did you meet Sonny? If he was born in\nSaint Louis and you were here?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, he moved here when he was five or six years old, he and his family.\n\nCOHEN: Why did they move here?\n\nSHERMAN: Cause his father got a job here. It was during the Depression.\n\nCOHEN: And what was his occupation?\n\nSHERMAN: He was a furniture man. When he first came here, he worked for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carroll\nFurniture Company, and then he went into business for himself and had a chain of\nsmall furniture stores.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember how old you were when you met Sonny?\n\nSHERMAN: I was 15.\n\nCOHEN: Oh, 15.\n\nSHERMAN: And we got married when I was 18.\n\nCOHEN: You got married when you were 18, where did you get married?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, we eloped because my parents thought I was too young.\n\nCOHEN: Well, how did that go after the elopement with your parents? They were\naccepting of . . . ?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: They were accepting. They had no choice then.\n\nCOHEN: And you were married for how long?\n\nSHERMAN: Almost 66, one month shy of 66 years.\n\nCOHEN: Did you live in Atlanta all the 66 years?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, we did.\n\nCOHEN: And what was Sonny's occupation?\n\nSHERMAN: He was in the furniture business with his father, and after they sold\nthe business, he went into a computer business with Harvey Jacobson. I'm sure\nyou probably knew him.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Computer business. He was ahead of his time, I would say.\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, that was when the computers were the size of a washing machine today.\n\nCOHEN: Where did you live when you first married?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, we lived where everybody else lived, in the Morosgo [indistinct\n00:25:19] apartments. And then we built a house on Wendover Drive, which is off\nof Peachtree Dunwoody. And then we built another house on Pace's Ferry Road. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We\nlived right across the street from Dottie and Randy Cummings, who Dottie was a\ngood friend of, they were good friends with your parents. Very good friends.\n\nCOHEN: Was there a relationship between the Cummings and the Shermans?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, Sonny and Dottie were brother and sister.\n\nCOHEN: So how was that?\n\nSHERMAN: He worked with Randy. Randy worked in the furniture business also.\n\nCOHEN: So, you were not only close family relatives . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, we were very close.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: . . . but you were close friends, and your children grew up together.\n\nSHERMAN: The children grew up together. And believe it or not, Pace's Ferry back\nin the 1950s was like a country lane. It wasn't the highway it is now. So, the\nchildren could run back and forth. And the dogs used to go back and forth across\nthe street.\n\nCOHEN: And I guess the children played in the neighborhood at that time or not?\n\nSHERMAN: My children?\n\nCOHEN: Yes.\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, they played in the neighborhood. But my children, they had youth\ngroups ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and things like that by then.\n\nCOHEN: Well, tell me what it was like as a young married couple. Were most of\nyour friends . . . you said that most of your friends were probably from The\nTemple. Is that correct or not?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, they were. Some were, some weren't. Some of them were neighbors\nwe were friendly with at the time. We had a varied group of friends, friends\nthat a lot of people that I didn't even know before I got married who had been\nfriends of Sonny's. He was six years older than I, so I didn't even know them.\nBut we were, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had . . . And then, of course, I had a child within the first\nyear I was married, so we were a little tied down.\n\nCOHEN: Was Sonny in the service?\n\nSHERMAN: He was in the Navy for three years.\n\nCOHEN: Where was he stationed?\n\nSHERMAN: He was on Guam.\n\nCOHEN: So, did you two . . .\n\nSHERMAN: And interestingly enough, Randy was on Guam at the same time in the\nwhole big, wide world. Can you believe that? That his brother-in-law would have\nbeen there?\n\nCOHEN: Did they know each other then?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dottie and Randy were married then. They got married before\nthe war, I think, in the early 1940s. Before we went into the war, I think. But\nhe was in the service. He was in the army. And Sonny he was in the Navy.\n\nCOHEN: You when you were young when you met Sonny. Did the friends introduce\nyou, since they're such a . . . there was six years. That was a big difference then.\n\nSHERMAN: I was a friend of one of his friends. They were all big heroes ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the\ntime because they had just come home from the war. Someone had got, a friend of\nhis had come home sooner and I had gone out with him and then he introduced me\nto Sonny, who was a friend of his.\n\nCOHEN: Did this person still live . . . did he live in Atlanta?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah.\n\nCOHEN: Would you?\n\nSHERMAN: His name was Bill Oppenheim.\n\nCOHEN: How did you and Sonny and your . . . celebrate the . . . Well, let me\nback ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up and say, I asked you, you mentioned your first child was a year after\nyou were married. Tell me the names and birth dates, if you can remember, of\nyour children.\n\nSHERMAN: Her name is Mary Jane. I gave her double name to. I think she's\nforgiven me, though.\n\nCOHEN: So, she continued the tradition of the two names?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah. She was born June 12, 1950. And then I have another daughter. My\nsecond child is Dorothy, and she was born ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"December 4, 1952. And then I have a\nson, Mike, who was born in 1956, and another son, Jim, who was born in 1962.\n\nCOHEN: Do they still live here in Atlanta?\n\nSHERMAN: All but Mary Jane, she's been in Pittsburgh for 50 years.\n\nCOHEN: Do you have grandchildren or even great grandchildren?\n\nSHERMAN: I have six grandchildren and I think six great grandchildren.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Are you able to, have you been able to see them on a regular basis?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, well, I just have one great granddaughter that lives here, but\nthe others I see maybe once a year.\n\nCOHEN: They travel here to come to see you. How did you and Sonny and your\nchildren celebrate Shabbat or the Jewish holidays?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, Sonny never denied that he was Jewish, but he really didn't care\nabout the traditions of Judaism ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too much. So, I did the best I could. The two\ngirls were very active in Sunday school and in the youth group, both of them\nwere presidents of the youth group. The two boys have a perfect record of never\nattending a meeting.\n\nCOHEN: Was there ever a problem with your grandfather about Sonny and his\napproach to his observance?\n\nSHERMAN: No. He retired when I was so young. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But you know.\n\nCOHEN: Were your parents . . . you mentioned that there was no youth group at\nthe time you were growing up, but your children certainly were involved with the\nTemple Youth Group. Were your parents active in the congregational life? You\nmentioned, I think you did mention that your mother was head of the Sisterhood, president.\n\nSHERMAN: Sisterhood. I remember my father going to men's club, they had a men's\nclub at the time. But that's about all I can ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember. Of course we went on the\nHigh Holidays, but after his father retired, he didn't go weekly like he did\nwhen his father was in the pulpit.\n\nCOHEN: Did your grandfather go when he retired?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. And when he retired, he was rabbi emeritus. And when his health\npermitted, he would have to take over for Jack Rothschild.\n\nCOHEN: Well, we're going to get more in-depth about your grandfather in a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"minute. So, he would take over some of . . .\n\nSHERMAN: The services.\n\nCOHEN: Did you attend when he did that? Or were you aware when he would be doing\nthe services. maybe?\n\nSHERMAN: I used to take him back and forth sometimes when my parents were out of\ntown and couldn't do it.\n\nCOHEN: Your oldest daughter, Mary Jane, was eight years old at the time of the\nTemple bombing on October 12th, 1958. She probably would have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been in the\nreligious school that day. The bombing took place before any students had\narrived for Sunday school. Please take me back to that day and share\nrecollections about how you were notified about the bombing and what you may\nhave told Mary Jane why she wasn't going to be going to Sunday school that day?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember how we were notified, but we knew it, and the children\nknew it, and we were all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"horrified.\n\nCOHEN: But you don't remember receiving a call from somebody telling you not to\n. . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't.\n\nCOHEN: You mentioned the janitor at The Temple.\n\nSHERMAN: He was the one that discovered it, that it had happened.\n\nCOHEN: Do you know who he . . . ? He notified the police right away or the rabbi\nfirst? Do you have any idea?\n\nSHERMAN: Probably notified the rabbi. I don't know.\n\nCOHEN: Can you describe any of the general mood or the emotions of the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregation--you alluded to how you were horrified--and how the bombing was\naddressed? I will say that Rabbi Rothschild and your grandfather was still alive\nat that time.\n\nSHERMAN: He was still alive, but he was not active. He had broken his hip and he\nwas unable to walk at the time. But I can remember a lot of people calling on\nhim just because they had this feeling that they wanted to see him.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: So, I was going to ask you how the rest of the Jewish, not the Atlanta\ncommunity, reacted to it. So various people reached out to . . .\n\nSHERMAN: To him.\n\nCOHEN: To him. To your grandfather.\n\nSHERMAN: And I can remember going to services the Friday night after the bombing\nand The Temple was absolutely packed.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember . . . your grandfather was not able to go, you said\nbecause . . . Do you remember anything about that service after the bombing?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't. I just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember the number of people that were there and\nhow people had rallied to the . . . Felt the need to go to the service, and I\nwas one of them. You just, you had this feeling that you had to see if it was\nstill there, you know?\n\nCOHEN: Did they make the site available to the to the congregants to see the damage?\n\nSHERMAN: You could see it if you drove up the driveway. It was half the side of\nthe building.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: How long before the students could go back to Sunday School?\n\nSHERMAN: They didn't go back for at least a year. They went to E. Rivers School.\nThey use that as a Sunday School.\n\nCOHEN: So, they had a relationship with, I guess, with the Atlanta Public\nSchools to be able to do that.\n\nSHERMAN: It was either, it may have been two years they didn't go to Sunday School.\n\nCOHEN: Let me ask you this. Did they address in Sunday School or with the\nparents, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"address the children about what happened and try to explain or . . .\nWas that difficult?\n\nSHERMAN: I'm sure they did. I don't remember. I think my children understood\nwhat happened. One of them was eight and one was six and they all accepted the\nfact that they weren't going there until The Temple was repaired, that some bad\nman had bombed it.\n\nCOHEN: So, they don't know the . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Detail.\n\nCOHEN: They didn't know the details of it. We'll maybe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talk about that a little\nlater. So let's now go back a little bit further in time to talk about your\ngrandparents. Can you give me the name of your maternal grandmother. You gave me\nbefore . . . No, you didn't. But please give me her birth date and where she was\nborn. I think you said Chicago.\n\nSHERMAN: She was born in Baltimore, Maryland, but I don't know her birthday.\n\nCOHEN: And how about your grandfather?\n\nSHERMAN: My grandfather, my mother's father was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also born in Baltimore.\n\nCOHEN: And what was his name?\n\nSHERMAN: Ervin H. Hartman.\n\nCOHEN: Are they buried in Baltimore?\n\nSHERMAN: They're buried in Chicago. They moved to Chicago.\n\nCOHEN: And that's the family that you visited when . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: . . . you would go to camp and all. So, even though they were living\nfurther, far away, you were able have a relationship with them because of their\nlake house. Did you have . . . You mentioned your sister, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ellen. Did she have\nchildren that . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: She has two children. A son who's a psychologist in New York and a\ndaughter in Baltimore.\n\nCOHEN: So did the . . . were her children involved with the grandparents like .\n. . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No, they really weren't, because they were younger than my children, too.\n\nCOHEN: So now let's get to your paternal side of your grandparents. Can you give\nme the full name of your grandmother, your paternal grandmother, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where she\nwas born?\n\nSHERMAN: My grandmother's name was Eleanor Rosenfeld Marx, and she was born in\nAtlanta. And my grandfather's name was David Marx, and he was born in New\nOrleans [Louisiana].\n\nCOHEN: How and where did they meet?\n\nSHERMAN: They met in Atlanta because he came to Atlanta to be the rabbi at The\nTemple in 1895.\n\nCOHEN: So they met . . .she was already a congregant, was your grandmother\nalready a congregant, part of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregation?\n\nSHERMAN: I'm sure she was, because they say the congregation was founded the\nnight her parents got married.\n\nCOHEN: I was going to ask you about that. You were saying that they married in .\n. .\n\nSHERMAN: They married at The Temple.\n\nCOHEN: They married at The Temple. There's an interesting side story, I think,\nthat I want to mention, that if you are aware that your grandmother, Eleanor\nRosenfeld Baer . . .\n\nSHERMAN: That was my great grandmother, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emilie Baer.\n\nCOHEN: Your great grandmother and her husband, Abraham [Rosenfeld], were the\nfirst couple to be married in The Temple. Is that correct?\n\nSHERMAN: There was no temple then. That was in 1867 and there was no rabbi here.\nA rabbi came down from Philadelphia to marry them, and he suggested that they\nform a congregation. The only thing they had was a burial society in 1867 and\nthen subsequently ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"formed a group of people, formed The Temple.\n\nCOHEN: So, the burial society was the Hebrew Benevolent Society, and so the\ncongregation became the Hebrew . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Hebrew Benevolent Congregation.\n\nCOHEN: Commonly known as, I guess, The Temple, right?\n\nSHERMAN: Right.\n\nCOHEN: Can you tell me anything about your grandmother Marx, any of the\norganizations she might have been involved in after she married?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, she was totally, she was the rabbi's wife so she was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involved\n[in] just about everything at The Temple. I think they formed the Council of\nJewish Women in the late . . . after my grandfather had been here a year. I\nthink he started that. And then, of course, they had the Sisterhood. Do I\nremember her belonging to any other organizations? No, I don't.\n\nCOHEN: I would assume, and I'm making just obviously an assumption, that there\nwas something called the Tuesday Afternoon Club and the Grandmothers Club ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that\ntook place at The Temple.\n\nSHERMAN: I don't know anything. It must have been before my time there.\n\nCOHEN: Yes, obviously, yes, it would have been. So now we're going to switch to\nRabbi David Marx. The Breman Museum archives has a lot of information about your\npaternal grandparents, but I'd like to spend the rest of this interview\nexploring your personal recollections of them, and specifically your\ngrandfather, because he left such an enduring legacy at The Temple and the\nAtlanta community. So, if you'll ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"indulge me a minute, I'm going to just give a\nlittle bit of background information and then you can comment.\n\nSHERMAN: I hope I can help you.\n\nCOHEN: I know you can. In 1895, at the age of 23, David Marx became the first\nAmerican-born rabbi to hold the pulpit at the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation. As\nwe know, it's now called The Temple. He remained at The Temple for 51 years,\nretiring when he was 74 years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old. Rabbi Marx was a proponent of Classical\nReform Judaism. He assumed The Temple pulpit at a time in the congregation when\nit was divided between those who pushed for reforms and those who wished to\nadhere more strongly to tradition. His rabbinate spanned World War I and II, the\n1906 race riots in Atlanta, a major flu epidemic in the city, the Leo Frank\ntrial and lynching, and the reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan, and many other\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"social and social justice events. Do you have any recollections about your\nfather's relationship with your grandfather and him being the son of a rabbi?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, I think he was typical of a son of a rabbi. I think he was a bit\nrebellious in his youth.\n\nCOHEN: In what way?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't you, I just have a feeling. Also, I don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think my father was\never religious, but he had great respect for his parents and their views, but I\ndon't think, deep down, I don't think that he was as religious as his father.\n\nCOHEN: Did your father have siblings?\n\nSHERMAN: No, he was he an only child.\n\nCOHEN: He was an only child. So, nothing to compare that to. Were your parents\nactively involved with The Temple and how did they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"participate? You've alluded\nto that already.\n\nSHERMAN: As I said, I don't remember if they did go to services on Friday night.\nAnd as I said, my mother was involved with the Sisterhood. I remember, as you\nknow, always.\n\nCOHEN: Did the Sisterhood and the men's club did they deal with just Temple\nissues and social or did they do were they involved with the . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Well, I had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"read where they did things during both World War I and\nWorld War II but I'm not personally aware of what they did because I was not\ninvolved with either one of them until after I was married. Really until after\nmy children started Sunday School.\n\nCOHEN: As a granddaughter, can you share some of your recollections growing up\nat The Temple and your feelings and impressions about your grandfather? And you\ncertainly have alluded to that earlier.\n\nSHERMAN: I just thought he was the most wonderful person in the world.\n\nCOHEN: What made you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feel like that? What did he do that made you feel that he\nwas so special and you were special?\n\nSHERMAN: I think he was very nonjudgmental where I was concerned.\n\nCOHEN: Was he like that with your sister?\n\nSHERMAN: I'm sure he was. But I can remember getting away with things with him\nthat I would have never gotten away with with my parents.\n\nCOHEN: Like what?\n\nSHERMAN: Just like being disrespectful and all. He would say, \"Now, that's not\nthe way to talk.\" He would not, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he just was non-judgmental of my actions. I\nnever did anything terrible, but . . .\n\nCOHEN: Well, you mentioned that you loved going to Temple with him and just playing.\n\nSHERMAN: The only time he ever got mad at me was one time I was fascinated with\nhow they opened the ark, and I went in the . . .\n\nCOHEN: What's special about the ark? How did they open it?\n\nSHERMAN: There was a light switch behind the book where the rabbi talks, and I\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pushed that light switch one day and that I got in trouble for.\n\nCOHEN: In trouble for, meaning what?\n\nSHERMAN: Exposing the Torahs, which are sacred.\n\nCOHEN: Were you punished for that or just that was a tongue lashing?\n\nSHERMAN: No, just called down by the tongue lashing.\n\nCOHEN: You were very close with your grandfather.\n\nSHERMAN: The Temple was like my playground. I would play out in the yard, as I said.\n\nCOHEN: So, would you ask to go with him?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yes. See, he used to come home for lunch. In those days, I think a\nlot of men came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home for lunch, and if I was around the house, I'd say, \"Can I\ngo back with you?\" And he would always say yes.\n\nCOHEN: And he didn't have to worry about how you were occupied.\n\nSHERMAN: No, he would just . . . I had the run of the place.\n\nCOHEN: And so what did run of the place mean? What did you do, how did you\nexplore? Other than pushing the light switch.\n\nSHERMAN: I was young then. I would play house there, go out in the yard. Nobody\nworried about children then, I'm talking about in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1930s, Judy.\n\nCOHEN: Were you close to the other employees there? You mentioned I know Robert.\nHe was dear to everybody.\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember any of the other employees except when the ladies came\nto cook for the Passover supper and the Sisterhood meetings, I remember working\nwith your mother in the kitchen.\n\nCOHEN: Did they have seders at The Temple then?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, they did. Growing up, they had seder at The Temple.\n\nCOHEN: On the first night. or was it . . .\n\nSHERMAN: We didn't have but one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"night. That was . . .\n\nCOHEN: So, you had seders at The Temple rather than in your home.\n\nSHERMAN: But after he retired, he had one in his home for the family, but we had\nalways had seder at The Temple because he conducted it. And I used to love to\nask the questions. I think I must have asked him them until I was five feet tall.\n\nCOHEN: Could you ask him in Hebrew?\n\nSHERMAN: No. Girls didn't learn Hebrew in those days. They didn't have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bar\n[mitzvah] and bat mitzvahs anyway there until much later.\n\nCOHEN: When you said you had seder there? Were there other families that had\nseder at The Temple?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah, the place was full.\n\nCOHEN: So, people use that as their way of having, celebrating rather than in\nthe home.\n\nSHERMAN: And I think they may have one now, but I think it's probably the second\nnight not the first night.\n\nCOHEN: You mentioned your grandfather, the close relationship, and how you\nbasically ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"idolized him. I guess I may be putting words in your mouth. How did\nyou see him as a rabbi? Did you separate the two, did you separate him as being\nthe leader of the congregation?\n\nSHERMAN: I think I thought of him more as a member of the family, and that being\nthe leader of the congregation was just sort of his occupation. That's what he did.\n\nCOHEN: And you never questioned that, it was just . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Not as a child, no.\n\nCOHEN: Well, you had a special ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relationship. What did you call him?\n\nSHERMAN: Pops.\n\nCOHEN: What did he call you? Pops. You called him Pops. Did he have a special\nname for you?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes. For some reason, he called me sister. I've never figured that out,\nbut he did. And you know, let's remember, I was only 15 years old when he\nretired. So, at age 15, you're more interested in yourself than you are in\nanything else.\n\nCOHEN: Well, apparently you were interested in Sonny Sherman because you met him\nwhen you were 15. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi Marx often expressed the belief that the home was the\ncenter of Jewish life. What are your reflections of sharing Shabbat and holidays\nwith your grandparents? You said you had it over there . . .\n\nSHERMAN: We had Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur, but we never had break the fast.\nThat was something we didn't have. As a family, we never had that.\n\nCOHEN: Did they have it at The Temple?\n\nSHERMAN: No. We had dinner the night ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before, of course, on Rosh HaShanah and Yom\nKippur, but we never had . . . and I can remember after my grandmother passed\naway, having him over for dinner the night of Yom Kippur and giving him\nsomething to eat because he had fasted all day. But I don't remember people\nhaving break the fast back then. I'm going back to the early 1950s, late 1940s.\n\nCOHEN: So, your Shabbats were basically Shabbat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dinners and the blessings and .\n. .\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: And then you said you went to . . .\n\nSHERMAN: And we lit the candles.\n\nCOHEN: And you would go to services afterwards. Would the whole family go?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, after I started dating, I didn't usually go, but the three of\nthem went.\n\nCOHEN: Was that because of Sonny's . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No. This was before I knew Sonny.\n\nCOHEN: Okay.\n\nSHERMAN: My grandfather retired the day after I was confirmed. He stayed to\nconfirm me.\n\nCOHEN: He stayed to . . . So, how . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: And Rabbi Rothschild came the next day.\n\nCOHEN: The next day. That was a close cut there, wasn't it. What grade were you\nwhen [you] had confirmation?\n\nSHERMAN: Tenth.\n\nCOHEN: It was tenth grade. Do you remember how large your class was?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah, my class was big for The Temple. I think we had 23 people.\n\nCOHEN: And your picture is hanging up on the wall of The Temple.\n\nSHERMAN: Way up high now.\n\nCOHEN: Because of World War II, in January of 1942, The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple had a quiet\ncelebration for its 75th anniversary. Do you have any recollection of this event?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I wasn't there.\n\nCOHEN: Oh, Mary, Mary Louise. I'm going to rat on you.\n\nSHERMAN: If I was there, I don't remember it.\n\nCOHEN: In studying for this, I found you were there as you passed out the\nhymnals, you were 11 years old, and you passed out the hymnals and you don't remember.\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember doing it. That was nice of me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't it?\n\nCOHEN: Yes, it was. And your grandfather might've had something to do with that.\n\nSHERMAN: Right.\n\nCOHEN: Rabbi Marx usually went by the name, the title Dr. Marx, rather than Rabbi.\n\nSHERMAN: Which I understand most Reform rabbis of that era did.\n\nCOHEN: Do you know why that might have been done? Did he prefer one over the other?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, he was given an honorary doctorate degree by the University of\nGeorgia in 1912, I believe. So he was entitled to be called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doctor.\n\nCOHEN: For what, was it something specific that they were awarding . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I think [it] was a doctor of some maybe religion or that's not the\nright word. But anyway, he was given an honorary degree by the University of Georgia.\n\nCOHEN: So, he became . . .\n\nSHERMAN: An honorary doctorate degree.\n\nCOHEN: He came by the name Dr., the title Dr., legitimately, certainly. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I\nstated earlier during Dr. Marx's 51 years tenure at The Temple, he led the\ncongregation through many historical events affecting Atlanta and the country.\nWhat discussions, if any, [did] you have with your grandfather, about some of\nthe major events that occurred during his lifetime and the history of The Temple\nand the history of Atlanta? And I'm going to list a couple so you don't have to.\n. . And you can add whatever you would like, please. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know the 1906 Atlanta\nrace riot occurred long before you were born, but did he ever discuss that event?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, he said it was horrible.\n\nCOHEN: Can you elaborate more than horrible? Can you explain what it was,\nyourself? Do you know, other than it being horrible?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, I know that people were killed, and businesses were ruined. I\nthink the clergymen tried to stop it in some ways because I can remember him\nsaying he went and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saw the damage that was done by it. But that's about all I\ncan remember.\n\nCOHEN: So I'm going to just give a little historical perspective there. The\nriots started in part because of a perceived threat to the white gentility in\nthe city against a backdrop of the black progress. In post-reconstruction,\nAtlanta's middle class was emerging and enlarged and because of the\nestablishment of the black businesses and churches. So, after the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"riot, your\ngrandfather was one of the only Jews, was the only Jew, appointed to the Civic\nLeague, which proposed an interracial plan of cooperation to prevent a\nrecurrence of another such event. And one of your grandfather's enduring\nlegacies was his commitment to achieving social justice and civil rights for\nAfrican Americans. Were you aware of any of these discussions about his or his\nfeelings ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about racial equality? Was that . . .\n\nSHERMAN: No, I wasn't.\n\nCOHEN: This obviously, this event occurred before his time, but he apparently\nwas involved throughout his tenure and through his life [was] committed to these issues.\n\nSHERMAN: I know he was one of the first clergymen to even shake hands with an\nAfrican American.\n\nCOHEN: How do you come by that story?\n\nSHERMAN: And his remark was, and I don't know where he was, but he would say,\n\"Why wouldn't I? The color doesn't come off.\" I can remember him saying that.\n\nCOHEN: You don't know what ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"event that was.\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't. It was some, I imagine, some civic thing or something. But\nI remember him telling me that, that he was one of the few people that would\neven shake hands with whoever this person was.\n\nCOHEN: Now we're going to get to something you'd mentioned earlier. Leo Frank\nand his wife, Lucille, were active members of The Temple. Did your grandfather\never discuss with you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything about Leo Frank and his trial and lynching?\nObviously, that occurred before you were . . . 15 years or so before you were born.\n\nSHERMAN: I just know that he was very active in it and that he told me that he\nwent to, I think it was Brooklyn or one of the boroughs that he went to bury Leo\nFrank. And they snuck him aboard a train so that no damage, nobody would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"harm\nhim. And my father told me that for a year after that, he went--after Leo Frank\nwas lynched--he went and spoke at different groups, church groups and all to try\nto curb the antisemitism that was rampant. And I've always felt that that's why\nthe Reform Jewish people have Christmas trees and tried to assimilate. Of\ncourse, that didn't work, but they felt that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's what they needed to do after\nLeo Frank was lynched.\n\nCOHEN: To assimilate more into the . . .\n\nSHERMAN: To the Christian world. They thought that would . . .\n\nCOHEN: So that they would be more accepted?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: And you think that's an aftermath effect of the Leo . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I've always felt that.\n\nCOHEN: Well, your grandfather was very supportive of Leo Frank. Not only did he\naccompany his body to burial in New York, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"obviously clandestinely, you said, he\nalso went to visit him in jail and tried to raise money to support with other people.\n\nSHERMAN: And he was very helpful with Governor Slaton and commuting the sentence\nfrom death to life imprisonment.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember him telling you anything about that or . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I remember him telling me that he convinced Governor Slaton to do that.\nOf course, and ruining Governor Slaton's political ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"career to go on.\n\nCOHEN: Did you learn about the . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: My father told me that people sent their children out of town because\nthey were so afraid of the riot. There was going to be a riot. And he remembers\npeople sitting on their front porches with rifles in case the riot, the people\ncame by, but they went the other way. They thought they were going out Peachtree\ntoward Governor Slaton's house, which was somewhere in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Buckhead.\n\nCOHEN: Your grandfather certainly did what he could to help support Leo Frank.\n\nSHERMAN: I remember his wife, Lucille, very well.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember . . . ? Can you tell me more about that, about Lucille?\nAnd how do you remember her?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, she was just . . . people were very, you know . . . she worked, I\nthink, in one of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"department stores. And people were always very considerate\nto her, and they always referred to her as 'Poor Lucille.'\n\nCOHEN: Poor Lucille, poor Lucille.\n\nSHERMAN: Because I guess people didn't remarry in those days, in 1913.\n\nCOHEN: I asked you about if your grandfather discussed that with you. How did\nyou actually . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: People didn't talk about it, Judy. It was just something they didn't\ntalk about.\n\nCOHEN: How did you learn ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about it? Did you learn it from your parents?\n\nSHERMAN: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: Did you learn it in Sunday School?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember learning it in Sunday School. I just remember learning\nit from family conversations.\n\nCOHEN: Well, people didn't talk about it. How did it come up that you would have\nknown about it?\n\nSHERMAN: I guess my family must have talked about it because I knew about it.\nBut I've had people call me and I'll say, \"Call somebody,\" and I'll give them a\nname to call, and they say, \"Oh, I've already called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. They won't talk about\nit either.\" None of that generation who were growing up at the time would talk\nabout it because it was like a horror story to them.\n\nCOHEN: When do you think that sentiment may have changed and why? Because\nobviously you know, and my generation is very much aware of it, and hopefully it\nis taught, certainly in the Sunday Schools. Can you elaborate on that?\n\nSHERMAN: I think just time ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evolved and it became part of history. But I think\nit's been overdone in the last few years. I think we don't need to talk about it\nanymore. I think it just creates hard feelings. It was a horrible thing, but it happened.\n\nCOHEN: It happened. Did your grandfather ever discuss his activities during\nWorld War I? What he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did, how he was active? He was a chaplain, wasn't he? Or\nare you aware that he was a chaplain?\n\nSHERMAN: I knew he was a chaplain in the Federal [Penitentiary], but I didn't\nknow anything about World War I.\n\nCOHEN: Well, he went to visit, he ministered to the Jewish soldiers throughout\nthe state.\n\nSHERMAN: I didn't know that.\n\nCOHEN: And in fact, when he was gone, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first woman to address the\ncongregation was my grandmother, who was head of the Sisterhood at that time.\nHe'd left her in charge of that.\n\nSHERMAN: Now, that I didn't know.\n\nCOHEN: Do you recall any conversations regarding your grandfather's extensive\ninvolvement in the civil rights and interfaith movement? You alluded to that earlier.\n\nSHERMAN: I don't know if that existed when he was . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They had the National\nCouncil of Christians and Jews, I think, that he was a part of. But I don't\nthink there was, I don't remember any other organizations.\n\nCOHEN: He was always known as a compromiser, and he wanted everybody to get\nalong. You talked about that, too. He was involved, he actually was involved in\nfounding interracial organizations and built bridges with other faith communities.\n\nSHERMAN: There was something called the Unity Club that he was a part of.\n\nCOHEN: Yes, yes, yes.\n\nSHERMAN: But that was so far back, I don't really know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what it meant and what it\nstood for.\n\nCOHEN: So, you're absolutely right. Then you know what the Unity Club was?\n\nSHERMAN: No. I just know it existed.\n\nCOHEN: It was an interfaith group.\n\nSHERMAN: It was way ahead of its time.\n\nCOHEN: Yes, absolutely. 1902. He participated in the first ever joint\nThanksgiving worship service with members of the Unity Club, which was this\ninterfaith group.\n\nSHERMAN: Which strangely enough . . .\n\nCOHEN: Which he helped found, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually. And so, do you remember ever, since you\nwent to so many services with your grandfather, do you remember going to any of\nthese interfaith Thanksgiving services?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't.\n\nCOHEN: He never talked about . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No, not . . .\n\nCOHEN: Well now you know he helped found it, so.\n\nSHERMAN: That's good to know.\n\nCOHEN: We talked a bit about this a little earlier. Can you recall the\nconversations with your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather . . . regarding his support of women's issues?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember any discussions about that.\n\nCOHEN: Well, you talked about something earlier that he was instrumental in\ndoing and that was helping bring the first chapter of the National Council of\nJewish Women.\n\nSHERMAN: I think that was probably about a year after he got here. I think it\nwas in the late 1800s.\n\nCOHEN: So, you don't know what may have motivated . . . would your grandmother\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had played a part in that do you think?\n\nSHERMAN: Could be.\n\nCOHEN: Did she have a lot of . . . she was the rabbi's wife; did she have a lot\nof influence on him or not?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, she had, I'm sure she did.\n\nCOHEN: He was also very supportive of social welfare issues. One of the\ncongregants was Rhoda Kaufman, who was . . .\n\nSHERMAN: I remember her.\n\nCOHEN: What do you remember about her? Do you just remember her?\n\nSHERMAN: I just remember her. They were friends. I don't remember. She was a,\nshe worked, I remember, which was unusual ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for women in those days. But I can't\ntell you what she did.\n\nCOHEN: She was a social welfare worker.\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, is that right?\n\nCOHEN: But I mean, this particular agency or organization or something, I'm not\nI don't know . . . So, both you and your mother were, and I think you said your\ngrandmother, were presidents of the . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Not me. I was the Vice President at one time.\n\nCOHEN: You were just the Vice President, okay.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, that's all.\n\nCOHEN: Of the national, of NCJW [National Council of Jewish Women].\n\nSHERMAN: No. Well, I think my grandmother was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"president of the Council,\nmaybe, but my mother and grandmother were Presidents of The Temple Sisterhood.\n\nCOHEN: Of The Temple Sisterhood. Do you remember any discussions about their\ninvolvement in the activities that they partook in, they did with the Council\nand the Sisterhood?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't. The Council did more, you know.\n\nCOHEN: What was the council . . . You were active in the council. When you were\nactive . . .\n\nSHERMAN: No, I was more active in the Sisterhood.\n\nCOHEN: You were? So you were . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: But it was mostly at the time the Sisterhood was doing things for The\nTemple and the Sunday School and that type of thing.\n\nCOHEN: Supporting like the poor and [indistinct 01:03:40].\n\nSHERMAN: I don't remember any outside work that we did in the community.\n\nCOHEN: Bargainata. Had Bargainata existed then?\n\nSHERMAN: That was the Council.\n\nCOHEN: That was the Council.\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, I remember that. The council did more civic things.\n\nCOHEN: Your involvement was . . .\n\nSHERMAN: The Sisterhood, I would say, was an arm of The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple.\n\nCOHEN: So now we're going to go into an area that I told you we were going to\ntalk about. Like many rabbis of his era who were immersed in the ideals of\nClassical Reform Judaism, your grandfather was an anti-Zionist because it begged\nthe question of dual loyalty, of being a U.S. citizen and supporting Israel. Can\nyou give me any discussion, tell me about any discussions you may have had about\nyour grandfather with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this or in your reflections, you had strong feelings about that.\n\nSHERMAN: They felt there would never be peace in the Middle East, that Israel\nwas the wrong location, geographically. But I think after World War II, they all\nknew that it had to be, after the Holocaust. I don't know that they were that\nopposed to a Jewish state, but they were definitely ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"opposed to the location on\naccount of the problems with the Arabs. And unfortunately, they've proven to be\nright over the years. There is no peace, and I don't think there will be in my\nlifetime. But that's all I can remember. And I know there was a . . . he was not\nalone in his feelings that they . . .\n\nCOHEN: No, he was part of this movement, the Classical Reform Movement.\n\nSHERMAN: And of course, after the war, there was no choice.\n\nCOHEN: Well, and then so I . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: And he knew that, and he realized that. But their main objection,\naccording to what he told me once, was the fact that there would be no peace in\nthe Middle East if they had established Israel.\n\nCOHEN: You've mentioned that the Holocaust might have precipitated maybe him\nchanging his mind.\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yes. I think he did change his mind some after he found . . .\n\nCOHEN: How did he . . . Did he talk about it, or did he take action?\n\nSHERMAN: I said, yeah, we talked about it, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he realized that it had to be,\nafter World War II.\n\nCOHEN: What was his involvement then? Did he have any involvement with the . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: No, he did not have any involvement with the state of Israel. He was\nnot well at the time.\n\nCOHEN: He was still the rabbi at the time, though.\n\nSHERMAN: No, he was not.\n\nCOHEN: Oh, he was not.\n\nSHERMAN: Israel is just celebrating its . . .\n\nCOHEN: Oh, the state of Israel. Yes, you are correct. In ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1945, at the age of 74,\nyour grandfather retired as a rabbi of The Temple and was succeeded by Rabbi\nJacob Rothschild. Tell me about your grandfather's relationship with Rabbi\nRothschild, if they got along or . . .\n\nSHERMAN: No, I don't think they got along at first, but I don't think he would\nhave gotten along with Moses if he'd come here as a rabbi.\n\nCOHEN: Because . . .\n\nSHERMAN: That was his domain, you know?\n\nCOHEN: Oh, you mean your grandfather?\n\nSHERMAN: Yeah.\n\nCOHEN: Well, that was . . . Was he ready to retire?\n\nSHERMAN: I don't really know. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think so, but I'm not sure. I never heard any\ndiscussion of it. I think The Temple, you know, it was a timely retirement.\nSeventy-five years ago, 74 years of age was an old person. It's not anymore.\n\nCOHEN: You mentioned earlier that actually in Rabbi Rothschild's absence or for\nwhatever reason that Rabbi Marx ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Step in.\n\nCOHEN: . . . conduct services.\n\nSHERMAN: But also, Jack Rothschild had a hard few years because the people still\nwanted Dr. Marx to bury them and marry them.\n\nCOHEN: Did he?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yes.\n\nCOHEN: [He] did.\n\nSHERMAN: He was very flattered by.\n\nCOHEN: So, people specifically asked that he . . .\n\nSHERMAN: Yes, but then his health didn't warrant him doing all those things. So,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he couldn't officiate anymore.\n\nCOHEN: So what did your grandfather think about Rabbi Rothschild's involvement\nin the Civil Rights Movement? And we talked, he was actually alive at the time\nof The Temple bombing, and . . .\n\nSHERMAN: I think he thought it was good. I think he believed in all that, but he\ndidn't know . . . You couldn't be too vocal about things like that. I think he\nwas as vocal and outspoken as he could be for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the times, as far as civil rights\nwas concerned.\n\nCOHEN: What was your grandfather's reaction to The Temple bombing? He was\nelderly at the time and had been retired for a while.\n\nSHERMAN: I think it was hard for him [interview pauses; then resumes]\n\nCOHEN: . . . these organizations, or he was more like a speaker . . .\n\nSHERMAN: He was more like a speaker. He would go on Sunday night to church\ngroups. In those days, I don't know what the churches do now, but they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"used to\nhave meetings on Sunday night. I remember him going a lot of Sunday nights to\ndifferent churches.\n\nCOHEN: Did you attend any of these with him?\n\nSHERMAN: One or two.\n\nCOHEN: You drove him sometimes, you said. So, what kind of things was the\nchurch, what were those groups interested in him talking about?\n\nSHERMAN: They were interested in him talking about Judaism. They'd ask questions\nabout that when I was with him.\n\nCOHEN: So by then, Jack Rothschild had come, and he had gone to the . . . the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregation had gotten away some from the Classical Reform movement.\n\nSHERMAN: What I was going to say, and you may disagree with me, is I have\nthought about it and thought about it, and I really think Classical Reform\nJudaism fails. People want more tradition now, and [Classical Reform] didn't\noffer them what they wanted. And I think that The Temple has gotten more\nconservative because I think that's what people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want. I mean, they lost me when\nthe book started going the other way. It's hard when you were raised one way,\nbut that's . . . I understand it, and I understand why it happened.\n\nCOHEN: Did your grandfather understand that?\n\nSHERMAN: I'm sure he didn't.\n\nCOHEN: He changed his mind about Zionism or, understood the necessity, or not\nthe necessity but the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reason. But you don't . . .\n\nSHERMAN: But all his life, he would drum in my head, \"You're first an American\nand then you're Jewish.\" That was his belief.\n\nCOHEN: And he thought that was necessary, why?\n\nSHERMAN: Why did he think that was necessary? I don't know, but that's the way\nhe would always put it.\n\nCOHEN: So I think it may go back to what you were talking about early, in\nassimilating into the community.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SHERMAN: He just didn't understand, as you said earlier, that people wanted to\nbe citizens of another country. Until the Vietnam War, I always thought \"My\ncountry, right or wrong,\" and that changed my view, that we could be wrong. I\nfelt we were wrong about that.\n\nCOHEN: I realize that I have spent a great deal of time in this interview asking\nyou to reflect on your personal relationship with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your grandfather, Dr. Marx,\nand his long tenure at The Temple. I did so because he played such a pivotal and\nlong lasting role in the life of The Temple and was involved with many critical\nissues and events that affected Atlanta and the Jewish community and the greater\nAtlanta community. So, I really appreciate your sharing your feelings and your reflections.\n\nSHERMAN: Another thing is, he belonged to clubs. He belonged to something called\nthe Burns Club. And different ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"groups.\n\nCOHEN: The Burn . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: Burns, B-U-R-N-S. It had something to do with the poet [Robert Burns],\nI don't know what, they'd meet.\n\nCOHEN: This was while he was Rabbi, or retirement?\n\nSHERMAN: No, this was while he was rabbi and I think during his retirement, too.\nBut what my point is everything he did was not strictly Jewish, that he reached\nout to the community. That was his way of trying, I think, to curb the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitic feelings of people.\n\nCOHEN: Well, I know he was beloved.\n\nSHERMAN: And I think the rabbi we have now has done a wonderful job in that to.\nI think we have to do that. I think a lot of antisemitism is caused by people\njust not understanding us. They think we're so different, you know, and we're\npeople just like they are.\n\nCOHEN: We've discussed many different ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"topics in this interview and so of all\nI've asked you, is there anything that I haven't asked you that you'd like to\ntell me about?\n\nSHERMAN: No, but I just thought something. You know, maybe this business of\nbeing an American first comes when you have immigrant parents. You know, and\nthey are, they were so appreciative of what this country did for them that maybe\nit evolved down to their children and maybe that's why he felt the way he did. I\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just thought of that, but that could be a factor in it.\n\nCOHEN: Do you have any stories or anecdotes that you want to share that you may\nhave not already, that I haven't touched on?\n\nSHERMAN: No, I think you've touched on those. I do think he made a great impact\non the community when Atlanta was small.\n\nCOHEN: Did your grandchildren appreciate, appreciate it meaning understanding\nthe role that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your grandfather played . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: I think the older ones did. I'm not sure the younger ones did, but my\nyounger son has become very interested. In fact, he found an invitation to their\nwedding that he was so happy to find. I don't know where he found it, but he was\nhappy to find it. I'm sure you have a copy here. If not, I'll give you one. But\nI can't really think of anything else.\n\nCOHEN: If there's nothing else that we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"haven't.\n\nSHERMAN: I hope I have helped you.\n\nCOHEN: Absolutely. I just so appreciate your taking the time to share your\nreflections. It's important for us to know now and for future generations and\nyour children and grandchildren to be able to listen to this at some point and\nsee you tell these stories. I think it's very important. And it's certainly an\nimportant part of the oral history project.\n\nSHERMAN: Well, as I said, I hope I have helped you in some ways and I appreciate\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your asking me because I'm the last member of the family.\n\nCOHEN: Have you passed on some of these stories to your children and\ngrandchildren that they maybe . . . ?\n\nSHERMAN: Oh, yeah.\n\nCOHEN: Do you think that they would like to carry on this tradition of\ninvolvement that your grandfather actually started? Or do they?\n\nSHERMAN: Well, my daughter in Pittsburgh was active in The Temple and wrote a\nshow. That was the temple ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/transcript/41443/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jack Rothschild was at before he came here. They're\nmembers of that temple.\n\nCOHEN: Well, I could ask you I know a million other questions, but I thank you\nso much for taking the time to do it now.\n\nSHERMAN: I thank you for asking me. And I'm glad that I did it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4530.0,4560.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePiedmont Atlanta Hospital was founded in 1906 as the Piedmont Sanitarium. Today (2021) it is a 643-bed, non-profit hospital located on Peachtree Road in Buckhead.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCrest Lawn Memorial Park is a 145-acre cemetery that was established in Atlanta in 1916. It has a sizable Jewish section.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDruid Hills is an affluent neighborhood in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, and the only neighborhood lying completely in DeKalb County. The main campus of Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are located in Druid Hills. Druid Hills was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and was one of his last commissions. A showpiece of the design was the string of parks along Ponce de Leon Avenue, which was designated as Druid Hills Parks and Parkways and listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1975. The remainder of the development was listed on the Register as the Druid Hills Historic District on October 25, 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDriving Miss Daisy (1987) is the first in what is known as Alfred Uhry’s \"Atlanta Trilogy\" of plays earning him the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. Uhry adapted it into the screenplay for the 1989 Academy Award winning film of the same name. The film stars Jessica Tandy, Morgan Freeman, and Dan Aykroyd. The story of Miss Daisy Werthan, a Southern Jewish widow and Hoke Colburn, her Black chauffeur, is set in Atlanta between 1948 and 1973 as their 25-year friendship reflects the social changes in the American South.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStephens College is a private women’s college in Columbia, Missouri. It is the second-oldest women’s educational establishments that is still a women’s college in the United States. It was founded on August 24, 1833, as the Columbia Female Academy. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGirls’ High School was one of seven schools as part of the original Atlanta public school system. It opened in 1872 and was the only public school in the area exclusively for girls. In 1947, Atlanta high schools became co-educational, and Girls’ High was renamed Roosevelt High School, which in turn closed in 1985 when it merged with Hoke Smith High School to become Southside High School (now Maynard H. Jackson High School). As of 2022, the building formerly housing Girls’ High School in the Grant Park neighborhood is a luxury apartment complex.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation is a coming-of-age ritual that originated in the Reform movement, which scorned the idea that at 13 years of age a child was an adult. They replaced bar and bat mitzvah with a confirmation ceremony at about age 16 to 18. In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue and child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2022, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a Jewish social club that started as the “Concordia Association” in 1867 in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905, it was reorganized as the “Standard Club” and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near the site of Center Parc Credit Union Stadium (formerly Turner Field). In the late 1920s the club moved to Ponce de Leon Avenue in Midtown Atlanta. Later, the club moved to what is now the Lenox Park business park and was located there until 1983. In the 1980s, the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRich's was a department store retail chain, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, which operated in the southern U.S. from 1867 until March 6, 2005 when the nameplate was eliminated and replaced by Macy's. It was founded by Hungarian Jewish immigrant Morris Rich (born Mauritius Reich) in Atlanta in 1867 as \"M. Rich \u0026amp; Co. Dry Goods\" Many of the former Rich's stores today form the core of Macy's Central, an Atlanta-based division of Macy's, Inc., which formerly operated as Federated Department Stores, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fox Theatre is located on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta. The theater was originally planned as part of a large Shrine Temple as evidenced by its Moorish design. The theater was ultimately developed as a lavish movie palace, opening in 1929. The auditorium replicates an Arabian courtyard under a night sky of flickering stars and drifting clouds. The Fox Theatre now hosts cultural and artistic events, and concerts by popular artists.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePurim is a Jewish holiday that commemorates the deliverance of the Jewish people in the ancient Persian Empire from destruction in the wake of a plot by Haman, a story recorded in the Biblical Book of Esther. According to the Book of Esther, Haman planned to kill all the Jews, but Mordecai and his adopted daughter Queen Esther foiled his plans. The day of deliverance became a day of feasting and rejoicing. Some of the customs of Purim include drinking wine, wearing masks and costumes, and public celebration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHanukkah or Chanukah [Hebrew: dedication] is an eight-day festival of lights usually falling around Christmas on the Christian calendar. Hanukkah celebrates the victory of the Maccabees in 165 BCE over the Seleucid rulers of Palestine, who had desecrated the Temple. The Maccabees wanted to re-dedicate the Temple altar to Jewish worship by rekindling the menorah (ritual candelabra) but could only find one small jar of ritually pure olive oil. This oil continued to burn miraculously for eight days, enabling them to prepare new oil. The Hanukkah menorah, or hanukiah, with its nine branches, is used to commemorate this miracle by lighting eight candles, one for each day, with the ninth candle.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat \u003c/em\u003e(Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos \u003c/em\u003e(Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat \u003c/em\u003eobservance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat \u003c/em\u003ebegins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah \u003c/em\u003eblessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn Judaism, \u003cem\u003ebracha \u003c/em\u003eor \u003cem\u003eberkkah \u003c/em\u003e(plural: \u003cem\u003ebrachot\u003c/em\u003e/\u003cem\u003eberakkot\u003c/em\u003e) is a blessing recited in public or private, usually before the performance of a commandment or the enjoyment of food or fragrance, or in praise of God as the source of all blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Dr. David Marx (1872-1962) was a long-time rabbi at the Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. A native of New Orleans, he led the congregation’s move toward the practices of Reform Judaism. He served as rabbi from 1895 to 1946. When he retired, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild took the pulpit that Rabbi Marx had held for more than half a century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women is an organization of volunteers and advocates, founded in the 1890s, who turn progressive ideals in advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple Sisterhood was established in 1912 and is the oldest congregation-sponsored women's organization in Atlanta. It was initiated by Temple Rabbi David Marx, who felt that a women's group could help in the development of the synagogue as both a religious and educational gathering place for members of the congregation. Previously, the responsibility for many of these activities fell to the Atlanta Section of the National Council of Jewish Women, an organization founded by Temple members. Josephine Kaufman was the first Sisterhood president. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeo Max Frank (1884-1915) was a Jewish factory superintendent in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1913, he was accused of raping and murdering one of his employees, a 13-year-old girl named Mary Phagan, whose body was found on the premises of the National Pencil Company. Frank was arrested, tried, convicted and sentenced to death for her murder. The trial was the catalyst for a great outburst of antisemitism led by the populist Tom Watson and the center of powerful class and political interests. Frank was sent to Milledgeville State Penitentiary to await his execution. Governor John M. Slaton, believing there had been a miscarriage of justice, commuted Frank’s sentence to life in prison. This enraged a group of men who styled themselves the “Knights of Mary Phagan.” They drove to the prison, kidnapped Frank from his cell and drove him to Marietta, Georgia where they lynched him. Many years later, the murderer was revealed to be Jim Conley, who had lied in the trial, pinning it on Frank instead. Frank was pardoned on March 11, 1986, although they stopped short of exonerating him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBallyhoo was the name of a social party for upper-middle class Reform Jewish young adults (high school to college age) held annually in Atlanta, Georgia. The event attracted young people from all over the Southeast to meet boys and girls from other cities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Joseph Massell, Sr. (1886-1962) was a civic and community leader in both the Jewish and general communities of Atlanta. In the early 1900s, he and his two brothers, Sam and Levi, founded the Massell Realty Company, which had a hand in the development and sale of several landmark properties in Atlanta. Civic leader Ivan Allen, Sr., was known to say, “Sherman burned Atlanta and Ben Massell built it back.” Ben Massell was the uncle of former Atlanta mayor Samuel A. Massell, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarold D. Hirsch (1881-1930) was a well-known attorney who was active in philanthropic organizations in the Atlanta area. He received his undergraduate degree in 1901 from the University of Georgia, where he also played football. He later earned a law degree from Columbia University and became one of Atlanta's most prominent lawyers, helping Coca-Cola trademark its signature logo and bottle design in a number of copyright infringement cases. He was also involved in the creation of the law school at Emory University and one of the founding members of the faculty. Hirsch was very involved in philanthropic endeavors, particularly those in the Jewish community. He was a member of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation (the Temple), the Federation of Jewish Charities, the United Jewish Charities, and the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith. He helped found The Atlanta Committee for German-Jewish Relief and served as chairman of the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOscar Richard Strauss Sr. (1878-1939) was a Jewish businessman in Atlanta, Georgia who emigrated from Czechoslovakia in the early twentieth century. He married the sister of the founders of Rich's Department Store and the two families have been successfully intertwined ever since. His descendants remain active in the Atlanta Jewish community.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePearl Harbor is located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands in a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. It was bombed by Japanese Navy Air forces on December 7, 1941, the action that directly prompted the United States' entry into World War II. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe ‘Blitz’, or the ‘London Blitz’, was the sustained bombing of London by Germany between September 7, 1940 and May 10, 1941.  Many other cities were bombed as well, including Coventry, which was destroyed. The Luftwaffe [German air force] bombed London for 76 consecutive days and nights.  More than 1,000,000 homes were destroyed or damaged, one in six Londoners were made homeless, and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, half of them in London.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouis G. “Sonny” Sherman, Jr. (1925-2015) was born in St. Louis, Missouri and moved to Atlanta when he was five years old. He was a graduate of Boys’ High School and Emory University. During World War II, he served in the United States Navy in the Pacific. He was one of the owners of Henderson Furniture Company and Southeast Wholesale Furniture Company\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarvey Jacobson (1923-2007) was a native of Atlanta and an engineer who was a president at National Linen Services and a senior vice-president at National Service Industries. He was a graduate of Boys’ High School in Atlanta and Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. During World War II, he was in the United States Navy, stationed on a minesweeper in the Pacific fleet. He was on the board of directors for the Standard Club, the Atlanta Jewish Community Center, the Jewish Home of Atlanta, the Atlanta Jewish Federation, the Jewish Welfare Fund, and the Temple.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBill H. Oppenheim (1925-2010) was an Atlanta native who worked for Rich’s for 31 years. He was a member of the 79th Division in World War II and received the Purple Heart in Le Mans, France. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are the two holiest times of the Jewish calendar: \u003cem\u003eRosh\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eHashanah \u003c/em\u003e(new year) and \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur \u003c/em\u003e(days of atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Jacob Mortimer \"Jack\" Rothschild (1911-1973) served as rabbi of Atlanta’s oldest Reform congregation, the Temple, from 1946 until his death in 1973 from a heart attack. A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he forged close relationships with the city’s Christian clergy and distinguished himself as a charismatic spokesperson for civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia was bombed in the early morning hours of October 12, 1958. About 50 sticks of dynamite were planted near the building and tore a huge hole in the wall. No one was injured in the bombing as it was during the night. Rabbi Jacob Rothschild was an outspoken advocate of civil rights and integration and friend of Martin Luther King Jr. Five men associated with the National States’ Rights Party, a white separatist group, were tried and acquitted in the bombing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eE. Rivers Elementary School is an Atlanta Public Schools (APS) elementary school in the Buckhead area of Atlanta, Georgia. It opened as Peachtree Heights School in 1917 as a two-grade schoolhouse on land that was donated by Atlanta developer Eretus “Petie” Rivers. It was renamed E. Rivers in his honor in 1926. A fire destroyed the school’s building in 1948 and classes were held at The Temple and at Second Ponce de Leon Baptist Church while the school was being rebuilt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEleanor Rosenfeld Marx (1878-1953) was the youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Abram Rosenfeld of Atlanta and the wife of Dr. David Marx, long-time rabbi at the Temple. She was active in the Sisterhood and various Temple and community projects. She was also called “Nell” or “Miss Nell.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Benevolent Society was organized in 1860 in order to obtain a burial ground and provide relief for the Jewish poor. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClassical Reform Judaism was the type of Judaism that developed in the late 19th century United States. American Jews, most of whom were of central European background, saw the tremendous influence that liberal religion had on their Protestant neighbors and wanted to develop a form of Judaism equivalent to Episcopalianism, Presbyterianism, and especially Unitarianism. As presented in the 1885 Declaration of Principles, known as the \"Pittsburgh Platform,\" Classical Reform Judaism minimized Judaic ritual and emphasized ethics in a universalist context, stressing universalism while reaffirming the Reform movement's commitment to Jewish particularism through the expression of the religious idea of the mission of Israel. The document defined Reform Judaism as a rational and modern form of religion in contrast with traditional Judaism on one hand and universalist ethics on the other. Much of Reform Judaism has moved away from Classical Reform and toward a more traditional style of worship since World War II and the Holocaust, and only a handful of congregations follow the Classical Reform any longer. The most vocal advocates of the return to Classical Reform Judaism are members of the group known as \"Roots of Reform Judaism,\" (formerly the Society for Classical Reform Judaism), founded in 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or “Knights of the Ku Klux Klan” today) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods have included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s and then died out and come back several times, most notably in the 1920s when membership soared again, and then again in the 1960s during the civil rights era. When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past it members dressed up in white robes and a pointed hat designed to hide their identity and to terrify. It is still in existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn every synagogue, the \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003escrolls are kept in a cabinet called the holy ark. During services the scrolls are removed from the ark and prayers/songs/scriptures are recited as the scrolls are carried amongst the congregation. When they are completed, the \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003escrolls are returned to the ark.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003escroll [Hebrew: \u003cem\u003eSefer\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e] is the holiest book within Judaism, made up of the five books of Moses. It is hand-written by a pious scribe in the original Hebrew and must meet extremely strict standards of production. Torah scrolls are routinely read aloud in all synagogues and are a core representation of Judaism itself. When not in use in services, it is stored in the holiest spot in a synagogue, the \u003cem\u003eAron Kodesh\u003c/em\u003e (Holy Ark), which is usually an ornate curtained-off cabinet or section of the synagogue built along the wall that most closely faced Jerusalem, the direction Jews face when praying.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePesach \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, \u003cem\u003ematzo\u003c/em\u003e, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e, the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeder \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of \u003cem\u003eNisan \u003c/em\u003ein the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold seder on both the first two nights of Passover. The \u003cem\u003eseder \u003c/em\u003eincorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: \u003cem\u003eb’nai mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on \u003cem\u003etefillin\u003c/em\u003e, and may be counted to the \u003cem\u003eminyan \u003c/em\u003equorum for public worship. He celebrates the \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e by being called up to the reading of the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “daughter of commandments.” A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e around age 13, the same as boys who have their \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e at that age. The bat mitzvah girl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah,\u003c/em\u003e G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting \u003cem\u003eyizkor\u003c/em\u003e for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the \u003cem\u003eshofar\u003c/em\u003e (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis was a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta, Georgia that began the evening of September 22 and lasted until September 26, 1906. An estimated 25 to 40 African Americans were murdered and scores more were wounded. Considerable property damage was also done. On September 22, 1906 Atlanta newspapers reported four alleged assaults on local white women by Black men in lurid detail. Soon, some 10,000 white men and boys began gathering on Decatur Street in the Five Points area downtown. While the newspaper story was the catalyst, the deeper causes lay in increasing racial tensions between Blacks and whites, Jim Crow segregation, and Reconstruction politics. Attempts to calm the mob failed and it turned violent to people and property. The militia was summoned and streetcar service suspended in an attempt to drive the rioters from the streets. There was even a gun battle between the militias and armed Black men. It took four days for the riot to be brought under control. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReconstruction lasted between 1865 (the end of the Civil War) and 1877. It was the transformation of the southern United States as directed from Washington, including the re-establishment of state governments and instituting new standards for civil society, such as directing the legal status of freedman, rights to vote, etc. In addition, the southern states had been devastated physically and literally needed to be rebuilt. Each state had to reconstitute their government and then be formally reseated in Congress, to be restored to the Union. This period was greatly resented by the southerners as it was in the hands of the interloping northern victors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLucille Selig Frank (1888-1957) was the wife of Leo Frank, the only Jewish man ever to be hanged for criminal punishment in the United States. During the infamous Leo Frank case, his wife Lucille became a national figure when he went on trial for the murder of Mary Phagan in Atlanta in 1913. After his conviction, his wife led a campaign to save him from execution. Historians believe that much of her work lead to Governor Slaton commuting Leo's sentence from death to life in prison. (However, a mob broke him out of prison and lynched him.) Even at the time of her death in 1957, the Frank case was still an emotional issue in Georgia, and a proper funeral could not be held for her. Forty-five years after her death, it was revealed that in the early 1960s, family members quietly took her ashes to Oakland Cemetery and buried them at her parents' gravesite. The Broadway play \"Parade\" is based on the relationship between Leo and Lucille. She never remarried after his death.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Slaton, or Jack Slaton, (1866-1955) served two non-consecutive terms as the Sixtieth Governor of Georgia. His political career was ended in 1915 after he commuted the death penalty sentence of Atlanta factory boss Leo Frank, who had been convicted for the murder of a teenage girl employee. Because of Slaton's law firm partnership with Frank’s defense counsel, claims were made that Slaton's involvement raised a conflict of interest. Soon after Slaton's action, Frank was lynched. After Slaton's term as governor ended, he and his wife left the state for a decade. Slaton later served as president of the Georgia State Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe International Council of Christians and Jews (ICCJ) serves as the umbrella organization of 38 Jewish-Christian dialogue organizations worldwide that engage in the renewal of Jewish-Christian relations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRhoda Kaufman (1889-1956) was a pioneer social worker who was born and raised in Columbus, Georgia. She resided in Atlanta, Georgia after graduating from Vanderbilt University in 1909. She headed the Georgia State Department of Welfare from 1923 to 1929, was executive secretary of the Family Welfare Society from 1930 to 1937. During this time, the Ku Klux Klan campaigned against her and what they considered “state and government interference.” The Klan tried to dismantle the Welfare Department and distributed a slanderous, anti-Semitic letter in 1928, which led to her resignation. She then headed the Atlanta Social Planning Council from 1937 to 1945. She was instrumental in getting Georgia to create the state’s first reform school for girls and the first school for developmentally disabled children (then called the Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives). She received recognition as Atlanta’s “Woman of the Year” in welfare work1944 and in the 1938-1939 Who’s Who in American Jewry for her leadership in social work.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarganata began in 1970 as the National Council of Jewish Women Atlanta Section’s annual fundraiser. Bargainata is also the name of a thrift boutique in Sandy Springs, Georgia, that opened in 2015 in affiliation with the National Council of Jewish Women, Atlanta Section.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism, broadly defined in the modern era as the opposition to the ethnonationalist and political movement of Jews and Jewish culture that supports the establishment of a Jewish states as a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe systematic, government-sponsored attempt by the German Nazi government to annihilate the Jews of Europe between 1939 and 1945, which resulted in the deaths of 6,000,000 Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Rights Movement encompasses social movements in the United States whose goal was to end racial segregation and discrimination against Black Americans and enforce constitutional voting rights to them. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a movement which supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Vietnam War occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 to the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975. This war fought between North Vietnam—supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/annotation_set/961/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Burns Club of Atlanta, originally organized in 1896, is a private social club and literary and cultural society commemorating the works and spirit of the 18th century national poet of Scotland, Robert Burns. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=4290.0,4320.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Mary Louise Sherman [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family History; Her Childhood in Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=20.0,678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mary Louise, will you please state your full name, when and where you were born?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=20.0,678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chicago, Illinois","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Druid Hills","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David, Jr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orthodox Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pinemere Camp","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rich's Department Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=20.0,678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Family's Jewish Life; Growing up at The Temple ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=678.0,875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you were growing up, how did your father and mother, you and Ellen, celebrate the Shabbat or Jewish holidays?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=678.0,875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew Benevolent Congregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"High Holy Days","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David (1872-1962)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"National Council of Jewish Women","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shabbat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Sisterhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=678.0,875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Jewish Community's Relationship with the Non-Jewish Community ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=875.0,1202.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please share any thoughts or memories you may have about the Jewish community's relationship with the non-Jewish community when you were growing up. You kind of alluded to that earlier. Can you expand on that?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=875.0,1202.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ballyhoo","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frank, Leo Max (1884-1915)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=875.0,1202.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Memories of World War II ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1202.0,1365.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember what it was like growing up during World War II? Did that affect you?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1202.0,1365.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"European Theater","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pearl Harbor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Blitz","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II (1929-1945)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1202.0,1365.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Married Life; Her Husband's Career","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1365.0,1912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're going to switch to you being a little older, then. We're going to switch to a married life now. Can you please give me your husband's name and birthdate and where he was born?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1365.0,1912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saint Louis, Missouri","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sherman, Louis G. (1925-2015)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1365.0,1912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Bombing of 1958 ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1912.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Your oldest daughter, Mary Jane, was eight years old at the time of the Temple bombing on October 12th, 1958. She probably would have been in the religious school that day. The bombing took place before any students had arrived for Sunday school. Please take me back to that day and share recollections about how you were notified about the bombing and what you may have told Mary Jane why she wasn't going to be going to Sunday school that day?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1912.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=1912.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family History, cont.; Her Maternal and Paternal Grandparents; History of The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2132.0,2377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":" So let's now go back a little bit further in time to talk about your grandparents.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2132.0,2377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Baltimore, Maryland","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chicago, Illinois","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew Benevolent Society","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, Eleanor Rosenfeld","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"National Council of Jewish Women","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Orleans, Louisiana","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosenfeld, Abraham","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosenfeld, Emilie Baer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple Sisterhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2132.0,2377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi David Marx, Her Personal Recollections ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2377.0,3059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So now we're going to switch to Rabbi David Marx. The Breman Museum archives has a lot of information about your paternal grandparents, but I'd like to spend the rest of this interview exploring your personal recollections of them, and specifically your grandfather, because he left such an enduring legacy at The Temple and the Atlanta community.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2377.0,3059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Classical Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Confirmation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"High Holy Days","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ku Klux Klan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leo Frank case","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David (1872-1962)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx, David, Jr.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Passover","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rothschild, Jacob Mortimer (1911-1973)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=2377.0,3059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi David Marx, cont.; His Involvement in Civil Rights Issues, the Leo Frank Case ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3059.0,3849.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I stated earlier during Dr. Marx's 51 years tenure at The Temple, he led the congregation through many historical events affecting Atlanta and the country. What discussions, if any, [did] you have with your grandfather, about some of the major events that occurred during his lifetime and the history of The Temple and the history of Atlanta?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3059.0,3849.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1906 Atlanta Race Riots","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American Civil Rights Movement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assimilation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civic League","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frank, Leo Max (1884-1915)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frank, Lucille Selig (1888-1957)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"International Council of Christians and Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kaufman, Rhoda (1889-1956)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconstruction","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Slaton, John Marshall (1866-1955)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"social justice","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3059.0,3849.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi David Marx, cont.; His Stance on Zionism ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3849.0,4551.398"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like many rabbis of his era who were immersed in the ideals of Classical Reform Judaism, your grandfather was an \nanti-Zionist because it begged the question of dual loyalty, of being a U.S. citizen and supporting Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3849.0,4551.398"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822/index/52008/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anti-Zionism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assimilation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Classical Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/85726/file/173822#t=3849.0,4551.398"}]}]}]}