{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/sj19k46h7r/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Krick, Edward"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1989-07-02 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEdward Krick interviewed by Shirley Brickman on July 2, 1989 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eEdward Krick was born in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents were Isaac Krick and Etta Levin Krick. His wife was Gertrude Fierman Krick. Ed was in the grocery business and, later, the real estate business. As a young man he was active in the Shearith Israel Juniors, a chapter of Young Judaea. He was a president of Congregation Shearith Israel. He served on the Boards of Trustees of the Atlanta Jewish Federation, the Atlanta Jewish Community Center, the Zionist Organization of America, and the Hebrew Academy of Atlanta. He had two children: Elliott Krick and Rosalyn Krick Kram.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eEd discusses his parents and siblings. Ed talks about his father, Isaac Krick, who was born in Baltimore, Maryland; his mother, Etta Levin Krick, who was born in Chicago, Illinois; and his brothers Irwin Krick and Morris Herman Krick. Ed says his father operated a grocery business in Decatur, Georgia, where the family lived until Ed was four years old. Ed says he moved to Atlanta, Georgia when his father opened a pawn shop business there.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd talks about his maternal grandparents, Harris and Anna Levin. He says his Grandfather Harris Levin immigrating from Kovno, Russia to New York before settling in Atlanta and opening a grocery store. Ed talks about his paternal grandparents, Samuel Krick and Sarah Feldman Krick. He says his grandfather Samuel Krick moved to Atlanta from Baltimore and that he was a shochet [ritual slaughterer]. He relates that his Grandfather Harris Levin was a member of Congregation Shearith Israel e and his Grandfather Samuel Krick was a member of Ahavath Achim Synagogue. Ed discusses his extended family, including his aunts, uncles, cousins, and their descendants, many with whom he is still in touch.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recounts studying for his bar mitzvah with both his grandfathers and joining the Shearith Israel Juniors (SIJ) club, a chapter of Young Judea. He mentions others members of the SIJ Club and the Club’s sixtieth reunion.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recalls saying Kaddish at Congregation Shearith Israel when his father died in 1929. He talks about Rabbi Tobias Geffen, the rabbi of Shearith Israel for 60 years, and the Geffen family who were neighbors. He mentions other neighbors: the Taratoot family and the family of Rabbi Joseph I. Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd remembers Passover seders at his grandfather’s home, and Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur services at Shearith Israel on Washington Street.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd discusses the migration of Jewish families and synagogues in Atlanta, beginning in 1929. He tells about the Jewish community living in the southeast side of Atlanta. He says all the Jewish congregations were located in a radius of two miles. He recalls the streetcars in Atlanta and since his family did not have a car, walking to Commercial High School and elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd talks about the youth activities that took place at the Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA): clubs, basketball games, and dances. He remembers Edward M. Kahn, the JEA executive director, and Barney Medintz, another JEA leader.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recounts an anti-Semitic incident when he was a boy, and attending a meeting of the Columbians, a neo-Nazi political organization in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe mentions leaving the grocery business after a hold-up in his Auburn Avenue store during the 1950’s. He recalls his start in the real estate business. Ed briefly discusses the roles in the development of Atlanta by developer Benjamin Massell and Mayor William Berry Hartsfield, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd tells about his involvement with Jewish organization. He was president of Shearith Israel Synagogue, president of the Atlanta Hebrew Academy, president of the Atlanta Bureau of Education, and president of the Zionist Organization of America.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recalls the divisions between the Orthodox, Reform, and Sephardic Jewish communities in Atlanta. He recalls that blacks and Jews had a respectful relationship because most of the Jewish-owned groceries were located in black communities.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd remembers meeting his wife Gertrude Fierman Krick when she relocated to Atlanta from New York to direct the JEA’s nursey school program. He talks about marrying Gertrude in 1940. Ed mentions his children, Elliott Krick and Rosalyn Krick Kram, and his two grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28419"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEdward Krick interviewed by Shirley Brickman on July 2, 1989 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdward Krick was born in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents were Isaac Krick and Etta Levin Krick. His wife was Gertrude Fierman Krick. Ed was in the grocery business and, later, the real estate business. As a young man he was active in the Shearith Israel Juniors, a chapter of Young Judaea. He was a president of Congregation Shearith Israel. He served on the Boards of Trustees of the Atlanta Jewish Federation, the Atlanta Jewish Community Center, the Zionist Organization of America, and the Hebrew Academy of Atlanta. He had two children: Elliott Krick and Rosalyn Krick Kram.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEd discusses his parents and siblings. Ed talks about his father, Isaac Krick, who was born in Baltimore, Maryland; his mother, Etta Levin Krick, who was born in Chicago, Illinois; and his brothers Irwin Krick and Morris Herman Krick. Ed says his father operated a grocery business in Decatur, Georgia, where the family lived until Ed was four years old. Ed says he moved to Atlanta, Georgia when his father opened a pawn shop business there.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd talks about his maternal grandparents, Harris and Anna Levin. He says his Grandfather Harris Levin immigrating from Kovno, Russia to New York before settling in Atlanta and opening a grocery store. Ed talks about his paternal grandparents, Samuel Krick and Sarah Feldman Krick. He says his grandfather Samuel Krick moved to Atlanta from Baltimore and that he was a shochet [ritual slaughterer]. He relates that his Grandfather Harris Levin was a member of Congregation Shearith Israel e and his Grandfather Samuel Krick was a member of Ahavath Achim Synagogue. Ed discusses his extended family, including his aunts, uncles, cousins, and their descendants, many with whom he is still in touch.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recounts studying for his bar mitzvah with both his grandfathers and joining the Shearith Israel Juniors (SIJ) club, a chapter of Young Judea. He mentions others members of the SIJ Club and the Club’s sixtieth reunion.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recalls saying Kaddish at Congregation Shearith Israel when his father died in 1929. He talks about Rabbi Tobias Geffen, the rabbi of Shearith Israel for 60 years, and the Geffen family who were neighbors. He mentions other neighbors: the Taratoot family and the family of Rabbi Joseph I. Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd remembers Passover seders at his grandfather’s home, and Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur services at Shearith Israel on Washington Street.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd discusses the migration of Jewish families and synagogues in Atlanta, beginning in 1929. He tells about the Jewish community living in the southeast side of Atlanta. He says all the Jewish congregations were located in a radius of two miles. He recalls the streetcars in Atlanta and since his family did not have a car, walking to Commercial High School and elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd talks about the youth activities that took place at the Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA): clubs, basketball games, and dances. He remembers Edward M. Kahn, the JEA executive director, and Barney Medintz, another JEA leader.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recounts an anti-Semitic incident when he was a boy, and attending a meeting of the Columbians, a neo-Nazi political organization in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe mentions leaving the grocery business after a hold-up in his Auburn Avenue store during the 1950’s. He recalls his start in the real estate business. Ed briefly discusses the roles in the development of Atlanta by developer Benjamin Massell and Mayor William Berry Hartsfield, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd tells about his involvement with Jewish organization. He was president of Shearith Israel Synagogue, president of the Atlanta Hebrew Academy, president of the Atlanta Bureau of Education, and president of the Zionist Organization of America.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd recalls the divisions between the Orthodox, Reform, and Sephardic Jewish communities in Atlanta. He recalls that blacks and Jews had a respectful relationship because most of the Jewish-owned groceries were located in black communities.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEd remembers meeting his wife Gertrude Fierman Krick when she relocated to Atlanta from New York to direct the JEA’s nursey school program. He talks about marrying Gertrude in 1940. Ed mentions his children, Elliott Krick and Rosalyn Krick Kram, and his two grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/699/small/Ed_Krick.png?1619451542","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Krick_Edward.mp3"]},"duration":3498.68408,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/699/small/Ed_Krick.png?1619451542","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/110/699/original/Krick_Edward.mp3?1615496650","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":3498.68408,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Edward Krick [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Today is July 2, 1989. I am Shirley Brickman. This morning I have\nthe pleasure of interviewing Edward David Krick. Good morning, Ed. Thank you for\nallowing me the honor of taping your oral history. Edward, you mentioned to me\nthat you were a native Atlantan, born here on March 4, 1916. Come back with me\nand tell me a little bit about your family. First, what were the names of your\nmother and your father? Where were they born, and what did they do for a living?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father was named Isaac Krick. He was in a pawn shop business for a\nwhile. In 1929 he went into the grocery business.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did they happen to get started in the pawn shop business?\n\nKRICK: I don't know the answer to that.\n\nBRICKMAN: They were in the grocery business, mostly?\n\nKRICK: Mostly.\n\nBRICKMAN: What about funding for that? They just always have available funds to\n. . .\n\nKRICK: No, it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard going, and they bought a very small store. As a matter of\nfact, prior to that, when I was born in 1916, they were in the grocery business\nin Decatur, Georgia. For the first six years of our life we lived in Decatur,\nGeorgia. Then we moved to Atlanta.\n\nBRICKMAN: What were the names of the streets in that area, in Decatur?\n\nKRICK: Electric Avenue. They had a little grocery store on Electric Avenue. It\nwas across the street from a school. They tell me the school kids used to come\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during lunch period and buy the candies and . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . being at the right place at the right time.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Then they moved to a grocery business in another part of town. Where to?\n\nKRICK: No, I think at that point he moved to Atlanta, and he went in the pawn\nshop business. He was at 144 Decatur Street in the pawn shop business. Jacob\nBalser worked for him at that time. I remember that.\n\nBRICKMAN: Is that family, too?\n\nKRICK: That's family, too.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tell me about the other children who made up the Krick family.\n\nKRICK: I had an older brother, Irwin Krick, who is 20 months older than I am. We\nhad a younger brother, Morris Herman Krick, who died at 18 months of pneumonia.\nThat was in 1918 when he died.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember who the first family member was who came to Atlanta?\nYou were born here?\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Your parents were born here?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think my parents were born in Atlanta. My mother was born in\nChicago, and my father was born in Baltimore [Maryland]. The history of my\nmother's father coming to Atlanta . . . when he came over from Russia, he\nsettled in New York in the garment industry. His health was not too good. His\ndoctor advised him to come south for his health. He came to Atlanta and he\nopened a small grocery store. This goes back to the early 1900's. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was on West\nHunter Street, in the grocery business at that time. He had six daughters.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's a lot of weddings.\n\nKRICK: Yes, lots of weddings. He married off all his daughters. He wound up with\na grocery store on Pulliam Street, Pulliam and Richardson Street. That's where\nwe remember the family from that vintage.\n\nBRICKMAN: Who was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first family member who came to Atlanta? Was your dad one\nof the early ones, or did you already have . . .\n\nKRICK: Actually, my grandfather, my father's father, was already a resident of\nAtlanta in 1900, as the evidence that I showed you before, the Census Bureau\nrecords of 1900.\n\nBRICKMAN: What brought him here? Who was here?\n\nKRICK: He came to Atlanta because he was a shochet. They needed a shochet in\nAtlanta. [My grandfather] came from Baltimore down to Atlanta, a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very pious man.\nAs a matter of fact, both of my grandparents were very pious people.\n\nBRICKMAN: Can you tell me a little bit more about your grandparents, something\nabout their background?\n\nKRICK: Both of them were very learned in Hebrew. They were shomer Shabbas. As I\nsaid, my father's father was a shochet. He slaughtered chickens as well as\ncattle. In the course of our young lives, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he lived with us . . . lived in a\nduplex on Pulliam Street. We built him a little slaughtering room where they\nbrought the chickens. It was a unique situation. They cemented the floor and\nthey had drains and stuff like that. He'd kill chickens and hang them up. All\nthe neighbors came and brought their chickens. I remember I wanted to make a\nlittle money. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They said if I plucked the chicken I could make five cents. That\nwas the hardest five cents I ever made in my life.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember anything in particular about the personalities?\n\nKRICK: Yes. As a matter of fact, when I was post-bar mitzvah, both of my\ngrandfathers wanted to learn with me. One of them ran a grocery store on Pulliam\nand Richardson Street. We would sit down and learn the Chumash in the store. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If\na customer came in, the customer would have to wait until we had finished a\nportion. I studied also with my grandpa [Samuel/Shmuel] Krick. My grandmother\n[Sarah] Krick was a fabulous cook. She baked a challah every Friday. A real\nYiddish home.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's a beautiful background.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Wonderful memories. Your name is Krick now. Do you know if it was\nalways Krick?\n\nKRICK: No, it was not always Krick. When they came over, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the immigration\nauthorities didn't understand them. The name was 'Glick' originally. The\nimmigration authorities . . . for some reason they wrote on the certificate\n'Krick,' and that's how we wound up Krick.\n\nBRICKMAN: What is your Jewish name?\n\nKRICK: Elia David ben Yitzak. That means 'the son of Isaac.'\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you know who you were named after, and how you're related to that person?\n\nKRICK: I can't remember that.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It must have been a wonderful person.\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: You said that the name used to be 'Glick,' and they changed it to\n'Krick.' That's what it is to this day. What towns did your mishpacha come from\nin Europe . . . in Russia?\n\nKRICK: I think Grandpa [Harris] Levin came from Kovno. I'm not sure where\nGrandpa [Samuel Schmuel] Krick came from.\n\nBRICKMAN: We don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know who the very first one was who immigrated? Do you know?\n\nKRICK: I think probably Grandpa Krick came over here before Grandpa Levin.\n\nBRICKMAN: First.\n\nKRICK: I think so.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there other relatives here already in the United States?\n\nKRICK: Not to my knowledge.\n\nBRICKMAN: The year was what, again?\n\nKRICK: They left during the pogroms of 1890. They settled in Baltimore\n[Maryland] for a while, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Grandpa Levin in New York. Then they came south. I'm\nsure both of them were here before 1905.\n\nBRICKMAN: When people immigrated to the United States, was there someone who\nreceived them? Who was responsible for them?\n\nKRICK: That I don't know.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were they naturalized in this country . . .\n\nKRICK: I'm sure they were.\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . became citizens here?\n\nKRICK: I'm sure they did, because he voted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the time. He held that privilege\nvery high and he . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . was proud of that.\n\nKRICK: . . . was proud of it.\n\nBRICKMAN: On July Fourth, in a couple of days, you would really be proud.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: What other members of your family came to Atlanta and made their home here?\n\nKRICK: Actually, let's go with Grandpa Levin first. Grandpa Levin had six\ndaughters: Ida, Mary, Etsie [Etta]--that was my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother--Florence, Lil, and Rose.\nAt one time, all of them were living in Atlanta. Aunt Ida married a fellow, Rob\nFeldman, who was a radical. We're related in two ways to Rob. Rob Feldman was a\nbrother of my grandmother. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sarah Krick and Rob Feldman were sister and brother.\nHe was a radical for his day. He raised a family. As a matter of fact, we have\nsome cousins that we see very infrequently that live in Atlanta. There's Louise\nLambert, Albert Feldman who is a judge, Walter Feldman who is retired, and\nHerbert Feldman who is retired. The other children ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are passed away. Aunt Mary\nmarried a fellow who was not related in the family, but he and Rob Feldman were\nfriends. They had come to Atlanta and they married two sisters. One [Rob\nFeldman] married Ida [Levin] Feldman and one [Krick Greenbaum] married Mary\n[Levin] Greenbaum. The Greenbaums and the Kricks are very close. There's Leonard\nGreenbaum, Irwin Greenbaum, and Betty [Greenbaum] Karp, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen [Greenbaum]\nEvans. Helen lives in California, but the others still live in Atlanta, and\nwe're very close. We see them all the time.\n\nBRICKMAN: I had an opportunity to look at your family tree, which is fascinating\nbecause it goes a long way back. I noticed a lot of names on there that are\nfamiliar to me. Can you name a few more members of your family?\n\nKRICK: Actually we've got a family tree that dates back to 1757 with Joseph\nHirsch. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The tree was traced from Joseph Hirsch's lineage. Joseph Hirsch had a\nnumber of children. One of his children was [Pessie] Bessie Feldman, who is my\ngreat-grandmother. One of her children was Sarah Krick who was my grandmother.\nIn that mishpacha, the Hirsch family, the Balser family, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Michalove family,\nSchoenberg, Alterman. It's a big mishpacha.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's a lot of people for yontif. What can you tell me about the\nJewish community in the early days when you were growing up?\n\nKRICK: Let's go back to 1929, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right after my bar mitzvah. I joined a little\nclub, the SIJ Club [Shearith Israel Juniors, a chapter of Young Judaea]. That\nwas the Shearith Israel Youth Club. I was 13 years old. We were living at 569\nWashington Street. The shul was meeting on Hunter Street at the Shearith Israel\nbuilding on Hunter and Moore Street. I would walk over on Sunday afternoon to\nthe meetings, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had basketball teams and baseball teams. Louis Geffen and\n[Rabbi] Sam[uel] Geffen were the leaders of the club in those days. We\nestablished some relationships that we still maintain. Among the relationship we\nstill maintain is with Abe [Abraham] Geffen who is a retired radiologist who\nworked at Beth Israel [Hospital, New York, New York] for some 40 years I guess;\nSam Glass who taught Brickman [Berkowitz] Brickman . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"confirmation class, that's right . . .\n\nKRICK: . . . Sol Greenberg who is living in Israel. We maintain a relationship,\nand we get together at least every five years. We had our sixtieth reunion a\ncouple of years ago. Whenever one comes into town, we get the group together. We\nget eight or ten of us together, because a good number of us still live in\nAtlanta. In that relationship, in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1929, I lost my father. Shearith Israel was in\nthe process of moving over from Hunter Street to Washington Street. I went to\nshul every day for the 11 months that I was saying Kaddish. I developed a real\nclose relationship with Shearith Israel, and I've been with them ever since.\n\nBRICKMAN: This youth group that you were telling me about, you were active in it\nas far as sports was concerned. How about the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organizational part of it?\n\nKRICK: The organization, I guess, that's one thing that I've been pretty\nfortunate in. I got involved, and I was the president of the organization. I was\nrepresentative at the various conventions as the art and the debating team.\nAmong other members of this group, Marvin Goldstein was a member of this group,\nand David Stein with Or VeShalom. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[I] recollect who else was a member of this. I\n[have] some pictures. I could show you some pictures of . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: How old were the guys in this group?\n\nKRICK: We started at 13, and we went until we were 20. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it was 1935 or\n1936; we all went down to Savannah [Georgia]. About 14 of us went down to\nSavannah. We were judged the best Young Judea Club in the region at that time.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's due to some of your efforts, I'm sure.\n\nKRICK: You're kind to say that.\n\nBRICKMAN: Who were the rabbis at Shearith Israel during this early period of time?\n\nKRICK: Rabbi [Tobias] Geffen is the one that was with the congregation for some\n60 years. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a very close relationship with his family and our family\nbecause we lived four doors apart. When they would have a wedding at Rabbi\nGeffen's house and they needed a minyan, they would call me and I would come in.\nHis sons Louis and Sam were leaders of the club. Sam went off to New York, but\nLouis remained with the club the whole time that it was in its heydays, when we\nwould actually meet every week at the shul there.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is [Rabbi] David Geffen Louis' son?\n\nKRICK: Son, yes. Dave Alterman was also a member of the Shearith Israel\n[Juniors] club.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were any of your family members or were you in military armed forces,\neither here or even back in the old country?\n\nKRICK: My brother was in the navy. I was not in the service.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did anyone ever tell you stories about the old country? Did anyone\never serve at all?\n\nKRICK: I don't think so.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there any special family traditions, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recipes, or heirlooms, which\nwere handed down through the years from grandparents? Anything that you can remember?\n\nKRICK: I remember very vividly all the Pesachs we observed together. The whole\nfamily would meet over at my grandfather's house and we would have a Pesach\nseder. It would go on until the wee hours of the morning. In the latter years\nwhen my grandmother had passed away and my grandfather came to live with us . .\n. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it so happened we lived next door to the Taratoots on Washington Street. We\nwould compete to [see] who would sing the loudest song.\n\nBRICKMAN: Because there was no air conditioning, so you opened the window and\nyou could hear each other. Is Pesach your most memorable yontif?\n\nKRICK: Right. I remember also Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur when Shearith Israel\nwas on Washington Street, and AA [Ahavath Achim] was on Washington Street ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a\ndistance of maybe three or four blocks between, and the parades that would go on\nup and back from Shearith Israel to AA.\n\nBRICKMAN: That was only during the breaks. Rabbi Geffen was with Shearith Israel\nfor 60 years, you said.\n\nKRICK: Sixty years.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were his sermons in Yiddish?\n\nKRICK: It was in Yiddish, but he would flavor them with a little English. I can\nunderstand Yiddish.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you learn Yiddish?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My mother and father talked Yiddish.\n\nBRICKMAN: In the house?\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you know of any family that you may have lost in the Holocaust or\npeople who were still in Europe during the war?\n\nKRICK: I don't know directly any of my immediate family that [were] lost in the\nHolocaust, but I'm sure there must have been some. I'm not aware of any.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was there any conversation at all about the Jewish people who were\nliving in Eastern Europe when you were growing up?\n\nKRICK: I was always acutely aware of the plight of the Jews. When I was in this\nmilieu of SIJ Club, we had cultural programs, and I was active over the [Jewish\nEducational] Alliance. I remember in 1936 when I was 20 years old, when they\norganized ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first Atlanta Jewish Welfare Federation . . . Welfare Fund they\ncalled it in those days. Ed[ward M.] Kahn and I happened to hit it off pretty\nwell even back in those days. Most of the young fellows were afraid of him, but\nhe took a shine to me for some reason. We enjoyed a very good relationship. In\nthe formation of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sarah Tontak [Berkovitz] and I\nwere the youth representatives that went to the first meeting at the Ansley\nHotel ballroom on the top floor where Rabbi Geffen and Rabbi [David] Marx, Rabbi\n[Harry] Epstein, and Rabbi [Joseph I.] Cohen were . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: [Congregation] Or VeShalom.\n\nKRICK: . . . Right. We had a very close relationship with Rabbi Cohen because\nthey were neighbors of ours when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were coming up there. Rabbi Geffen, we had a\nclose relationship. Rabbi Epstein we knew because my grandfather was active over\nin AA, my grandpa Krick. Rabbi Marx, I just knew him to say hello to him, but I\ndidn't know him well. He had a good relationship with Rabbi Geffen, and he would\ncome to Shearith Israel on occasions to talk to our Shearith Israel group. There\nwas a relationship between ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi Marx and Rabbi Geffen.\n\nBRICKMAN: You mentioned that Grandpa Krick belonged to Ahavath Achim.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: I want to ask you how one zayde belonged here and one zayde belonged\nthere. In addition to that, you went into some detail about the Levin side of\nthe family. I'd like to know a little more about the Krick side of the family.\n\nKRICK: My father was Isaac Krick and he had a brother, Mike [Michael] Krick.\nMike Krick was in the grocery business in Decatur. As a matter of fact, when\nPapa sold the store ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he sold it to his brother, and he ran a grocery store. He\nhad two children [Estelle Krick Newhouse and Daniel Krick] who we keep a close\nrelationship [with] until this day. One of his children has passed away, and\nboth he and his wife [Fannie Shoket Krick] have passed away.\n\nKRICK: We keep a close relationship with the son and the daughter of the girl,\nEstelle [Newhouse]. We keep a close relationship. As a matter of fact, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's\nan interesting history of that relationship. When Estelle was visiting down\nhere, she was visiting with her daughter Susan [Newhouse]. We got to talking one\nday, and we talked about what families talk about. Later, a fellow came down to\nAtlanta who was a friend of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ira Morris, a fellow named [Marc Craig] Hochberg. He\nwas a doctor at Johns Hopkins [Baltimore, Maryland]. He came down to Atlanta and\nwe entertained him. We were going to give him a car to drive back up to our\ndaughter in Rockville, [Maryland]. It so happened that he had trouble and we had\nto go retrieve the car. When he got back up to Johns Hopkins ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we came up to\nvisit our daughter Rosalyn, she invited our niece, Susan Newhouse. This Marc\nHochberg was invited, too. They went home from that and got married. Now they\nhave two children. It's a long story.\n\nBRICKMAN: In addition to your organizational work, you were also a shadchan? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How\nwas it that one zadye belonged to AA, and one belonged to Shearith Israel?\n\nKRICK: Grandpa Krick was very active in the AA. He used to come every morning to\ndaven at AA. He lived near there. This was when the AA was on Gilmer Street . .\n. I believe it was Gilmer and Piedmont or somewhere.\n\nBRICKMAN: You're close.\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where was it? Gilmer and what?\n\nBRICKMAN: It was Gilmer Street.\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . the cross streets.\n\nKRICK: As a matter of fact, Grandpa Krick had a little grocery store right\nacross the street from the shul.\n\nBRICKMAN: Convenient.\n\nKRICK: It had a goat. I remember a goat in the back yard. This was when I was\nmaybe eight years old.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you have an opportunity to spend equal time with both sets of grandparents?\n\nKRICK: I probably spent a whole lot more time with my Grandpa Levin because he\nlived with us later.\n\nBRICKMAN: Lived with you?\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did your grandparents live to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a beautiful age?\n\nKRICK: Grandpa Krick died in 1945 at 85. Grandpa Levin died at 97. I don't\nremember what year Grandpa . . . it was in the early 1950's.\n\nBRICKMAN: Good genes in both sides of the family.\n\nKRICK: Mama and Papa didn't live that long, but the grandparents lived that long.\n\nBRICKMAN: But those are nice memories.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Is there a cousins' club or a family circle in existence for your family?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not really, but we get together occasionally. We're pretty close with the\nGreenbaum family and the Levin family. Aunt Lil's children . . . has three\ndaughters, and we talk with them. One of them has passed away, but two of them\nwe talk with. Ida's children we talk with on the telephone, and very seldom see\nthem. There's no such thing as a cousin's club, but the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greenbaums we see all\nthe time. They come over here and we go over there.\n\nBRICKMAN: If you had an opportunity just as an approximation, how many family\nmembers would you say live in Atlanta, Georgia? People who are related to you,\njust . . .\n\nKRICK: You're talking about husbands and wives, or just the immediate . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . husbands, wives, children, just a guesstimate. That sheet is\nhuge that your tree is drawn on. I wondered how many lived here.\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we're talking about the whole mishpacha?\n\nBRICKMAN: Specifically Atlanta.\n\nKRICK: I would guess there must be 50 or more people in the mishpacha who live here.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you decide to research the information for the family tree?\n\nKRICK: I don't take credit for that. Brickman [Krick] Michalove, Ann Balser, and\nJake Hirsch are the ones who were the prime leaders in that research project.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's beautiful work.\n\nKRICK: It is.\n\nBRICKMAN: It would take them a long time to research.\n\nKRICK: Yes it did.\n\nBRICKMAN: You showed me when I came in a census, the early 1900's, that your\ngrandfather's name is listed under. You must have some interesting papers and\nphotos that . . .\n\nKRICK: I've got some interesting pictures of my grandfathers and other members\nof the family. I got some interesting pictures of my childhood and the\ndevelopment, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so forth. If you're interested, I can show you some books full\nof them.\n\nBRICKMAN: I'd love to see all of that. Where did most of the Jewish population\nreside when you were growing up? One specific area, or different parts of town?\n\nKRICK: Actually, let's go back to the period of 1929 when Shearith Israel moved\nover to Washington Street. This is an interesting observation, because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that\nyear, the AA was on the corner of Washington and Woodward Avenue. The Shearith\nIsrael was on Washington Street between Richardson and Fulton. The Temple was on\nPryor Street right at the corner of Richardson Street. The Or VeShalom was on\nCentral Avenue between Woodward Avenue and Rawson Street. There was a little\nAnshi S'fard shul on Capitol Avenue between Woodward Avenue ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Rawson Street.\nIn a radius of maybe two miles, all the Jewish congregations were located. Most\nof the Jewish community in those years, the late 1920's and 1930's, the Jewish\ncommunity ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was located on the southeast side . . . southwest side of the city of\nAtlanta. Atlanta Avenue was already extreme. The rich Jews lived on Atlanta\nAvenue. Washington Street, Pulliam Street, Crew Street, and Capitol Avenue was\nthe hub of Jewish life in the city of Atlanta. In those days, I would estimate\nthere [were] maybe 10,000 Jews living in Atlanta.\n\nBRICKMAN: I was just going to say, about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how many Jewish people lived here?\n\nKRICK: I'd guess about 10,000.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you meet young people when you were growing up?\n\nKRICK: They had the clubs that met around the Jewish Educational Alliance. We'd\nhave basketball games and dances. They had a dance practically every Sunday\nnight. All the young people came to the dances. Something like the Alliance.\nAlliance was the headquarters, and next to Alliance was the delicatessen. There\nwas ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Merlin's [Grocery], Gold's [Delicatessen], Central Bakery, another\nbakery--Taylor Bakery--across the street, and Free's Pharmacy. There were always\npeople gathered around there.\n\nBRICKMAN: The Jewish Educational Alliance preceded the [Atlanta Jewish]\nCommunity Center?\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: That was the central place for everything?\n\nKRICK: Ed Kahn was the central director of all the Jewish activities, other than\na synagogue activity.\n\nBRICKMAN: Sports activities, everything?\n\nKRICK: They had a boys' worker. That's where Barney Medintz ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes into the\npicture, about that time. There was a fellow named Blackmore . . . Blackman I\nthink his name was. Barney Medintz came in. He came in the 1930's, I believe it was.\n\nBRICKMAN: What did he do here?\n\nKRICK: He started work as the boys' worker at the Jewish Educational Alliance.\nLater he went into the uniform business. He was a pioneer. He was a wonderful\nman. He created lots of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interest in Jewish activities, as well as sports. I\nthink Ed Kahn had a great deal of influence in directing his life. He was a\npowerful influence in the lives of lots of young people, including mine.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's beautiful. Where did you meet the beautiful and precious\nGertrude Fierman, and how long have you been married?\n\nKRICK: Gertrude came down to direct the nursery school program in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1938.\n\nBRICKMAN: At the [Jewish Educational] Alliance?\n\nKRICK: At the Alliance.\n\nBRICKMAN: They also took care of children.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: What didn't they do there?\n\nKRICK: They took care of some of the health needs, too. They had the Morris\nLichtenstein dental clinic . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . Hirsch.\n\nKRICK: . . . Morris Hirsch Clinic. They had this nursery school program, as well\nas other activities, club activities. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gertrude came down to direct the nursery\nschool program at the Alliance. It was sponsored by the Service Guild. The\nJewish Service Guild sponsored that thing. I was a frequent participant in\nactivities around Alliance. We were attracted one to the other, and after a\nwhirl . . . what's the word?\n\nBRICKMAN: Whirlwind . . .\n\nKRICK: . . . whirlwind courtship, we got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married in December 29, 1940. That's\nbeen 48 1/2 years ago.\n\nBRICKMAN: As soon as you met her, you were probably a more frequent visitor than before.\n\nKRICK: That's a fair statement.\n\nBRICKMAN: Tell me about your children. Who are they and where do they live?\n\nKRICK: We have two children. We have a son, Elliott Krick, who lives in Chicago.\nHe's a professor of the Humanities. He teaches at the University of Chicago, and\ndoes lots of side teaching. He [has] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe 20 specialty groups that he meets\nwith once a month, dealing in everything from Shakespeare to movies. He's very\npopular in Chicago. Rosalyn [Kram] is the food director of the Hillel [at]\nUniversity of Maryland [College Park, Maryland]. She's married with two\nchildren, one 21, one 19. That's the story of . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: How many grandchildren?\n\nKRICK: Two.\n\nBRICKMAN: Two grandchildren. Where was Gertrude from, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her hometown?\n\nKRICK: New York.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's a big change.\n\nKRICK: That is a big change.\n\nBRICKMAN: New York to Atlanta.\n\nKRICK: As a matter of fact, her parents were very frightened when she was moving\ndown to a southern city. They were concerned about her, but thank God everything\nworked out well.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you see a similarity in your religious background and that of your children?\n\nKRICK: That's hard to answer, because it's a different age ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're living in right\nnow. I'm more observant than my children are. However, my daughter keeps a\nkosher home and she's president of the Sisterhood in the congregation that she's\nconnected with. My son goes to shul on the High Holidays. He maintains Pesach.\nHe's not a minyan maker every morning at shul, as I am.\n\nBRICKMAN: Are you now a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"minyan maker?\n\nKRICK: As a matter of fact, I'm glad you asked that question because for the\nlast year I have been in charge of the minyan in the Shearith Israel every\nmorning. I go to shul every morning.\n\nBRICKMAN: One mitzvah after another. You're going to go beyond the 613\n[commandments]. Tell me, where did you go to high school?\n\nKRICK: I went to Commercial High School and graduated in 1934.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you go on with your education?\n\nKRICK: No, I did not. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was during [the Great] Depression days and I'd lost my\nfather. My mother, my brother, and I were running a little grocery store and\neking out a living. We worked very hard, working all day, doing a little club\nwork in the evenings, and on the weekends, and stuff. I didn't go on to continue\nmy education.\n\nBRICKMAN: The friends you had during those early years, what percentage of those\nchildren ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went on to college? Did most of them just stop at high school?\n\nKRICK: I would say it was a relatively small percentage of them that went to\ncollege. In the SIJ group, maybe of the 25, maybe half a dozen of them went to college.\n\nBRICKMAN: Growing up in Atlanta, did you ever experience any antisemitism?\n\nKRICK: A little bit. I remember when we were walking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Washington Street to\nHunter Street, there was a gang of Syrian kids. They used to throw rocks at us,\nbut nothing . . . then in the high school, at Hoke Smith High School, I remember\na vivid incident that happened where a bully started to . . . I was a shy young\nlittle kid there. He started bullying me about, \"Jew baby, Jew baby.\" One of my\nfriends beat the hell out of him.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's good. That's all right. When did you . . .\n\nKRICK: . . . I also ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to a meeting when the Columbians were being organized\nthere. I remember Max Kuniansky and a group of us young Jewish boys went to a\nmeeting. There wasn't any incident, but we let them know that we were there to\nprevent an incident from happening. It was short-lived, that Columbian organization.\n\nBRICKMAN: What year was that?\n\nKRICK: I don't remember what year that was.\n\nBRICKMAN: You and Maxie [Max Kuniansky]?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Max and a group of us. We must have been 40 or 50 of us there. Somebody\nelse probably can fill you in on more details on that.\n\nBRICKMAN: What was it like to be in business in those days? You got your mom,\nyou, and a brother trying to run a place.\n\nKRICK: We were trying to run a small grocery business in a black neighborhood.\nIt was very difficult. We ran a credit business. Some would pay and some\nwouldn't pay. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tough going. We eked out a living. We didn't have a great\ndeal of money. We struggled to make ends meet. Mama was a wonderful woman. She\ndevoted herself to my brother and myself.\n\nBRICKMAN: Beautiful memory. Where did you get supplies for this business?\n\nKRICK: Actually, we were pioneers in the Associated Groceries. We weren't in the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first half a dozen, but we came in right around 1930. We came into the\nAssociated Groceries. Jack Maziar took a little [unitelligible], turpentine, and\nEpsom salt business, and later into a multi-million dollar business, and did\nvery well. I think it was a salvation to the small grocery man in those days there.\n\nBRICKMAN: Interesting.\n\nKRICK: Lots of Jewish merchants were the backbone of that organization.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When did you decide to venture into real estate? Now what turned you\non to that?\n\nKRICK: As time went on, I got married in 1940 and had two children, one in 1941\nand one in 1944. I was doing pretty good, making a little money. Neighborhood\nreal estate became available. I was buying up little properties ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the\nneighborhood. I decided that the grocery business was a little bit too much hard\nwork to make a living. There must be an easier way out. I began dabbling in real\nestate. I went and took the examination and passed it. I went to work with Harry\nGlassman. Then we organized the Glassman-Krick Realty Company. Then I broke off\nand organized the Krick Krick Realty Company. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the meantime, I was buying all\nthe little parcels of real estate in the neighborhood. Gradually I accumulated a\npretty good deal of holdings in the neighborhood.\n\nBRICKMAN: Was the store still functioning?\n\nKRICK: The store was . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: That was the backbone of it.\n\nKRICK: . . . the backbone of it. The store on Conley Street I sold to one of my\nemployees, and he ran that. After the third holdup in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"store on Auburn\nAvenue, when they came in one Saturday night, locked me in the icebox, and\npulled the telephone off of the receiver, I said, \"I had enough of that.\" I got\nout of the grocery business. I practically gave the store to the woman that had\nbeen working with me for a number of years.\n\nBRICKMAN: What year was that, Ed?\n\nKRICK: That was about 1955. I'm guessing that year.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did your business involvement determine some of your social\nactivities, or would you say that your communal involvement had more of an\nimpact on who your friends were and what you did?\n\nKRICK: The communal activities were the guiding social life that we did. Also,\nthe synagogue. We were very active in the synagogue. We were active in AZA and\nB'nai B'rith. I've been a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"member of B'nai B'rith for over 50 years. I was active\nin the Zionists, Young Judaea, and Masada. I was kind of an organizational man.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's obvious. That's very obvious. You mentioned to me the early\nreal estate developments, or how you developed your own and how that happened.\nCan you tell me anything else about the real estate developments in Atlanta, and\nwhat impact it had on the community? What was happening?\n\nKRICK: Ben Massell was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather of the development of real estate in the\ncity of Atlanta. Ben Massell was an aggressive person, and he went out and built\nlots of big buildings in Atlanta. Atlanta was growing at that time. We had a\nprogressive mayor. We had Mayor Hartsfield, who was a progressive individual.\nBen Massell had a great deal to do with the development of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"real estate\nbusiness in the city of Atlanta.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you feel, Ed, that you had been given certain values growing up\nfrom your parents or grandparents that really made a difference in your life?\n\nKRICK: I'm sure they did. As a matter of fact, Mama was always instructing us\nand advising us to be good citizens, be good people, and 'live by the book.' I'm\nsure that had a great deal of influence on my life.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's an everyday education.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Let's move into the modes of transportation when you were growing up.\nToday, everyone has a car as soon as you turn 16. How did you get around?\n\nKRICK: As I said earlier, we had the grocery store on Conley Street. The\nAlliance was on Capital Avenue, and we would run from the store. We'd close up\nthe store at 7:00 at night. I'd run over to make the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"basketball practice. I\nwould be 15 minutes late. It took 15 minutes . . . less than 15 minutes to run\nover there. We walked to school. We walked to shul. We were in the neighborhood.\nWe walked to Commercial High School every morning.\n\nBRICKMAN: How far were you from high school?\n\nKRICK: I would guess a mile-and-a-half or two miles.\n\nBRICKMAN: That was not a big deal?\n\nKRICK: No, it sure wasn't.\n\nBRICKMAN: There were just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"streetcars. That's it.\n\nKRICK: That's right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you have a car in your family?\n\nKRICK: No, we didn't have a car in those days.\n\nBRICKMAN: Nobody did. What involvement did you witness from the Jewish community\nas far as politics is concerned? Was there a lot of political activity from\nJewish people? Were they participating?\n\nKRICK: I became interested in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"politics in the sense that I would always go and\nvote, because Mama had stressed the importance of voting. I was interested.\n[President Franklin Delano] Roosevelt came to Atlanta in 1932, 1933. I remember\nstanding on Peachtree Street with the crowd watching him parade during his visit\nhere. We were all conscious of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"importance of political activity. I became\ninvolved a little bit in politics. As a matter of fact, for the record, when\nHenry Wallace was running for president of the United States, I was one of the\nGeorgia electors. Had he been elected, I would have been an elector with his slate.\n\nBRICKMAN: Now I'd like to know a little bit about your volunteer work. It sounds\nlike Ed Kahn maybe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"turned you on.\n\nKRICK: I think Ed Kahn turned me on. Barney Medintz turned me on. In the little\nclub that we [had], Louis Geffen was an influence for good. We got the basic\norganizational skills, if you would call it that, with this little Young Judaea\nSIJ Club. I became involved on a broader scale ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a representative of the\nAtlanta Jewish Federation . . . Welfare Fund in those days, then the Atlanta\nJewish Community Council. I was up and active in the Welfare Fund for 50 years.\nI've been in all the campaigns.\n\nBRICKMAN: Not was, still are.\n\nKRICK: Still are, yes. In those days, they had different divisions. They had a\nreal estate and a grocery business. I was involved with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the leadership\nroles in the grocery division back in the early days of the Welfare Fund\nCampaign. I was active in the bureau of Jewish Education. Sam [Samuel H.]\nRosenberg had an influence on my life. I was also instrumental . . . well I\nwouldn't use the word instrumental. I was active in the formation of the\n[Greenfield] Hebrew Academy back in the early 1950's. Sam Rosenberg is deserving\nof lots of credit ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the formation of the Hebrew Academy. It was through his\nnudging of 'Greenie' [Dr. Irving Greenberg], myself, Al [Alex E.] Milt, and some\nother people, that the Hebrew Academy was born. I remember knocking on doors to\ntry and get people to send the kids to the Academy. [Unintelligible] and we\nfinally got 16 kids, and we opened the school.\n\nBRICKMAN: Now the children are coming out of the walls, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a beautiful new\nbuilding. You can pat yourself on the back.\n\nKRICK: I'm happy that it's successful.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were you president of the Academy?\n\nKRICK: Yes, I was president.\n\nBRICKMAN: You didn't mention that.\n\nKRICK: I was president of the Academy, I was president of the Bureau [Atlanta\nBureau of Jewish Education], and I was president of the ZOA [Zionist\nOrganization of America].\n\nBRICKMAN: President of the shul.\n\nKRICK: President of the shul.\n\nBRICKMAN: In your volunteer work, of what are you most proud?\n\nKRICK: I guess I'm most proud of the fact that the Hebrew Academy is such a\nsuccess. I'm also ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proud of the development of the Shearith Israel. I'm proud of\nall the relationships that I made over the years with the people. I'm happy with\nthe [Jewish] Federation [of Greater Atlanta].\n\nBRICKMAN: What was your biggest disappointment in volunteer work?\n\nKRICK: I think probably the biggest disappointment is the manner of the\nprofessionals: how they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"operate and how many people they need to do the\noperations and all their work. I guess I'm a little bit concerned with the\namount of money that most of them make.\n\nBRICKMAN: How cohesive a Jewish community do you think we had in the early\nyears? What was the relationship amongst the Orthodox Jews, the Conservative\nJews, the Reform Jews, and the Sephardic Jews?\n\nKRICK: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can go back to the late 1920's and recall where if a Temple girl went\nout with an Orthodox--it wasn't Conservative in those days, it was Orthodox--it\nwas like a mixed marriage.\n\nBRICKMAN: That last question, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you would review for me again how cohesive a\nJewish community did we have, and what was the relationship between the Orthodox\nand the Reform and the Sephardic Jews?\n\nKRICK: Back in the late 1920's and early 1930's, there was not a very cohesive\nJewish community in Atlanta. The Reform element held themselves in a higher\nsocial strata ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than the Orthodox or the Sephardic community. They wouldn't permit\ntheir children to intermingle with the children of the other groups. I think the\nAtlanta Jewish Federation/Welfare Fund in those days, when it came into being\nwith Harold Hirsch . . . he was a Temple member, but he had a real close\nrelationship with Rabbi Geffen. I think that was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one organization that\nunited the Atlanta Jewish community more than any other organization. The\nSephardic community didn't mix well with the Orthodox. Is think that in 1936,\nwhen the Federation organized the campaign, I think that cemented those\nrelationships. Since that time it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been a very cohesive community.\n\nBRICKMAN: What about the black community? Was there a comfortable relationship\nbetween the blacks and the Jews?\n\nKRICK: Actually, most of the grocery people were in black communities. The black\npeople respected and loved the Jewish merchants. That was my experience with\nthem. I had many people that were very fond of me, because we gave them credit\nand we tried to be fair and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"honest with them. I think they had respect, in my\nassociation with them. It was a good association. We didn't socialize and we\ndidn't talk politics or anything, but as far as the respect for one another, I\nthink that was there.\n\nBRICKMAN: Originally you mentioned to me that a lot of the Jewish people were\nliving in and around the shuls and the Temple. What happened, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 1940's, to\nthe Jewish community as far as the residential areas were concerned? Where did\npeople go?\n\nKRICK: I think in the 1940's people began moving to the northeast side of town,\nthe Boulevard, Parkway Drive. The Beth Jacob congregation came into being. Rabbi\n[Emanuel] Feldman came here. I guess it was in the 1950's when he came. The\ncommunity was on the move. After the war, lots of people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to Atlanta. They\nliked what they had seen, and liked the friendly atmosphere and the climate.\nLots of Jewish people came to Atlanta. Business was pretty good. The Jewish\ncommunity just spread out. The Standard Club was on Ponce de Leon Avenue in\nthose days. Jewish people were moving out to Ponce de Leon, Lullwater [Road],\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and out in the Emory section. Eventually they started moving out to Buckhead and\nCobb County. That's halfway to Chattanooga [Tennessee].\n\nBRICKMAN: You've seen some big changes.\n\nKRICK: Big changes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there any newspapers or magazines published in Yiddish in your\nparents' home when you were growing up?\n\nKRICK: My grandfather read the Morning Journal.\n\nBRICKMAN: You mentioned to me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before that they did speak some Yiddish.\n\nKRICK: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's how you learned it.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: What were the organizations that were common in the Jewish community\nwhen you were growing up?\n\nKRICK: There was a strong ZOA. At one time ZOA had maybe 1,300 or 1,400 members.\nB'nai B'rith was a very active organization. The synagogues were active. The\ncentral agent was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund. Then it branched out into the\nAtlanta Jewish Community Council. It wasn't called the Jewish Family Service,\nbut it offered social services to the Jewish community. The [Hebrew] Orphans'\nHome was already on the wing at that time. They had a building. As a matter of\nfact, the AZA 134 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"used to meet in the Orphans' Home building back in the 1930's.\nI remember one incident that stands out in my life with the B'nai B'rith. Saul\nGreenberg and I were representing the AZA 134 in a debate. We had been pretty\nsuccessful in the regional matches. They wanted to plan a program for this B'nai\nB'rith meeting. We met ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Standard Club. Morris Abram and some fellow, Abe\nKruger I believe his name was, they were representing the University of Georgia\n[Athens, Georgia] and they debated us. It was a no contest debate. I'm glad of\nthat, because they probably were much better than we were. I remember that. That\nmust have been in 1936, 1937.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you hear anything about or witness any specific organizations\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reaching out to newcomers who moved to Atlanta to make things more comfortable\nfor them?\n\nKRICK: After the Welfare Fund and the Jewish Community Center . . . The Jewish\nCommunity Center was a powerful influence for good. Ed Kahn held his strong hand\non that. Eventually they became an autonomous agency, and at that time they\nstarted reaching out. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expanded the service when they moved over to the\nPeachtree Street building. That must have been in the early 1950's when they\nmoved over to . . . they bought a house. I remember Jack Chilnick and I were\nactive on the Board in those days. I remember Jack Chilnick, Joe Gross, and a\nfellow named Marish who was a director. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tasco was a director. They reached out\nto the community. They had an athletic program, social programs, and nursery\nschool programs. As a matter of fact, I was talking to Sadie Sachs the other\nnight. She came in 1948, Sadie Sachs.\n\nBRICKMAN: With the nursery school.\n\nKRICK: With the nursery school. Sadie, Ralph, Gertrude, and myself are very\nclose friends.\n\nBRICKMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What values do you think you have passed down to your children? I know\nwhat your parents did for you.\n\nKRICK: I hope I've incorporated in them a desire to be honest and truthful and\ncarry on the tradition of the Jewish people. I hope I've passed that along. I\nfeel comfortable ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they are following in those directions.\n\nBRICKMAN: Are the children involved like you are? Like Gertrude is, too, really.\n\nKRICK: My daughter is much more involved than my son is. My son is more involved\nin the humanities and learning, and teaching and things of that nature. My\ndaughter is very much involved in Jewish activities in Rockville, Maryland.\n\nBRICKMAN: Maybe he has shared some of his things with you. You mentioned you\nwent to Shakespeare ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the other night, and that's his interest.\n\nKRICK: Right.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's fair. If you had the opportunity, Ed, to do things any\ndifferently, what would you have done, if anything, as far as business, or\nsocial, or family?\n\nKRICK: I probably would have gotten out of the grocery business a long time\nbefore I did, if I had it to do all over again. The good Lord has been very kind\nto me, and has taken good care of me. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm 73 years old. I'm grateful for all the\nthings he has shown to me.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you have any hobbies, other than involvement in the community?\n\nKRICK: I'm involved with organization work. I play a little golf. I like\nclassical music. We go to plays and concerts, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things of that nature. That's\nGertrude's influence, I think.\n\nBRICKMAN: How do you plan to spend your free time in addition to what you're\ndoing? Would you think about taking on anything new?\n\nKRICK: No. At this stage of the game, I'm not taking on anything new. I'm kind\nof coasting along. The thought of retiring has entered my mind, but not real\nseriously. I like what I'm doing. I don't think I'm going to be retiring any\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time soon. The thought has entered my mind. I worked all my life, since I was\n13, and I'm 73. That's 60 years. That's long enough to work. I'm enjoying what\nI'm doing, so I don't anticipate to retire at any time soon.\n\nBRICKMAN: You must know that the Atlanta Jewish community is very proud of your\naccomplishments. You've added just hours of commitment and work. We are grateful\nfor that. I want to thank you for sharing your history with us this morning.\nIt's easy to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/transcript/24858/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"understand why so many people care about you. May you continue to\ngo from strength to strength.\n\nKRICK: You have been very kind. I appreciate the opportunity to share with\nanybody. If you want to look at some pictures, I got a pile of pictures you can\nlook at. Thanks very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3480.0,3510.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Edward Krick [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Herman Krick was born on October 29, 1918 and died on January 31, 1920.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA shochet is an adult male Jew who is trained and accredited by a rabbinic authority in the Jewish dietary laws. Specifically, a shochet slaughters animals in a way prescribed by Jewish dietary laws to avoid pain to the animal as much as possible, and to safeguard the health of the consumer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eObservant of the commandments for the Jewish Sabbath from sundown Friday evening until sundown Saturday evening.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘son of commandment.’ A rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChumash is another word for Torah or the Five Books of Moses of the Hebrew Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA special Jewish braided bread eaten on the Sabbath and Jewish holidays.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century. Although Edward uses the term “Yiddish” to refer to culture, Yiddish is a reference to a person's language and not necessarily their ethnicity, religion, or culture.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew word for ‘family.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA province (gubernia) of the Russian Empire. Its capital city was Kaunas (Kovno in Russian). It was formed in 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna gubernia (province).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRussian: ’to wreak havoc.’ The term ‘pogrom’ refers to violent attacks against Jews in the Russian Empire carried out by non-Jews during the 1800’s. The term has been applied to all violent episodes against Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIndependence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from Great Britain.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbert Parsons Feldman (1924-2009) was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He moved with his parents Robert and Ida Feldman to Atlanta in 1926. He served as an infantryman in Italy and North Africa during World War II. He was a graduate of the University of Georgia School of Law and worked in private practice before being sworn in as a federal Administrative Law Judge.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIrwin Greenbaum (1915 - 2002) and his brother Leonard Greenbaum were co-founders of a chain of family-owned retail wine, beer, and liquor stores which opened its first store on Ponce De Leon  Avenue in Atlanta, Georgia in 1938. The two brothers went their separate ways in 1963 when new city and state laws limited the number of liquor stores to two per family. Irwin called his stores Tower, and Leonard kept the name Green's. Irwin was a past president of B'nai B'rith Gate City Lodge.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeonard Greenbaum (1912 - 1999) and his brother Irwin Greenbaum were co-founders of a chain of family-owned retail wine, beer, and liquor stores which opened its first store on Ponce De Leon  Avenue in Atlanta, Georgia in 1938. The two brothers went their separate ways in 1963 when new city and state laws limited the number of liquor stores to two per family. Irwin called his storesTower, and Leonard kept the name Green's. Leonard's son Jerry Greenbaum expanded the business with a second store on Buford Highway, north of Lenox Road, in Atlanta. Green's expanded to stores in South Carolina in Columbia, Greenville, and Myrtle Beach in addition to the Atlanta stores. Leonard was a founding member of Aleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) in Atlanta in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA generic word for Jewish holidays including all but the High Holy Days of Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur. ‘Yontif’ is the Yiddish word; in Hebrew it is ‘yom tov.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Shearith Israel Juniors, also known as the SIJ Club, is related to the Shearith Israel synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia and is part of Young Judaea. It was organized in 1928 when the synagogue was located on Hunter Street in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960’s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Samuel Geffen (1907-2002) grew up in Atlanta, the son of Sara and Rabbi Tobias Geffen. He attended Boys’ High and Emory University. He was a concert violinist and lawyer before becoming a Rabbi. Then he received two degrees, Rabbi and Master of Hebrew Literature from the Jewish Institute of Religion in New York City. He was the spiritual leader for over 40 years of the Jewish Center of Forest Hills West in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouis Geffen (1904-2001) was born in New York City but grew up in Atlanta, Georgia where his father, Rabbi Tobias Geffen, was the rabbi at Congregation Shearith Israel for more than 50 years. He was a graduate of Boys' High School and Emory University in Atlanta, and obtained a law degree at Columbia University in New York City. He gained prominence in Atlanta as an attorney and a Vice Chairman of the Atlanta School Board. During World War Two, he was a judge advocate in the US Army, rising to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He was an officer of the Zionist Organization of America, president of the Southeastern Region of Young Judea, and Commander of the Jewish War Veterans Post 112.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbraham Geffen (1916 - 2015) was born in Atlanta, Georgia where his father, Rabbi Tobias Geffen, was the rabbi at Congregation Shearith Israel for more than 50 years. He was a graduate of Boys' High School and Emory University in Atlanta and studied medicine at Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City. He was a military physician in World War II, chief radiologist of Beth Israel hospital in New York City, and professor of radiology at Mt. Sinai Medical School, in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSol Harry Greenberg (1917 - 2004), a native of Atlanta, was a B-17 bombardier and a first lieutenant in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II. During a raid on Germany flying out of England in 1943, his plane was shot down. He was captured and spent the rest of the war in a POW camp in Barth, Germany. Greenberg was liberated in1945 and returned to the United States before immigrating to Israel. He was a salesman for ZEP manufacturing company. He was a treasurer of Congregation Shearith Israel , a member of the Shearith Israel Juniors Youth Club (SIJ), president of Men's Organization for Rehabilitation and Training (ORT) Atlanta chapter, and president of the Progressive Club.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as the ‘Mourner’s Kaddish’. The word ‘Kaddish’ means sanctification and the prayer is a sanctification of G-d's name that is recited at funerals and by mourners.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarvin C. Goldstein (1917-1997) was a prominent dentist and businessman in Atlanta. He was a graduate of Boys’ High School in Atlanta, had a combined undergraduate and master’s degree in dentistry from Emory University in Atlanta, and trained in orthodontic dentistry at Columbia University and the University of Michigan. He served as a dental surgeon for the United States Army Air Forces in Europe during World War II. He and his brother, Irving Goldstein, also a dentist, built the Atlanta Americana Motor Hotel, Atlanta’s first integrated hotel, which opened in 1961. Marvin was international president of the Alpha Omega Dental Fraternity, editor of the American Journal of Orthodontics, president of the Georgia Society of Orthodontists, trustee for the American Fund for Dental Health, honorary fellow in the American College of Dentists and International College of Dentists, and chief of staff of the Ben Massell Dental Clinic. He was a president of Ahavath Achim Synagogue, Atlanta Jewish Federation, ORT Atlanta men’s chapter, Tichon Atlanta, B’nai Brith’s Atlanta chapter; vice-president of the American Jewish Committee; and a vice-chairman of the board of trustees for the Martin Luther King Center for Non-violent Social Change.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Or VeShalom was established by refugees of the Ottoman Empire, namely from Turkey and the Isle of Rhodes. The congregation began in 1920 and was based at Central and Woodward Avenues until 1948 when it moved to a larger building on North Highland Road. The current building for Or VeShalom is on North Druid Hills Road.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYoung Judaea is a peer-led Zionist youth movement founded in 1909. Its programs include youth clubs, conventions, summer camps and Israel programs that provide experiential programming through which Jewish youth and young adults build meaningful relationships with their peers, emphasize social action, and develop a lifelong commitment to Jewish life, the Jewish people, and Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Tobias Geffen (1870-1970) was an Orthodox rabbi and leader of Shearith Israel in Atlanta from 1910-1970. He is widely known for his 1935 decision that certified Coca-Cola as kosher. He also organized the first Hebrew school in Atlanta, and standardized regulation of kosher supervision in the Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA minyan refers to the quorum of 10 Jewish adults required for certain religious obligations. According to many non-Orthodox streams of Judaism adult females count in the minyan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShul is a Yiddish word for synagogue that is derived from a German word meaning “school,” and emphasizes the synagogue's role as a place of study.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi David Geffen, was born in Atlanta and lives in Jerusalem. His parents were Louis and Anna Geffen and his paternal grandfather was Rabbi Tobias Geffen. Rabbi David Geffen is the author of the American Heritage Haggadah, which is found in three American presidential libraries and one Israeli presidential library.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavid Alterman (1917-1993), a native Atlantan, was executive vice president of Alterman Foods, Inc. He was one of five brothers who, with their father, owned and operated a wholesale grocery business in Atlanta. He was president of Ahavath Achim Synagogue, Ahavath Achim Men’s Club, Hebrew Academy of Atlanta, and Atlanta Zionist Council. He was a member of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America and vice president of United Synagogues of America, Southeastern Region and Atlanta Jewish Welfare Federation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePesach means ‘Passover’ in Hebrew and commemorates the anniversary of Israel’s liberation from slavery in Egypt. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzot, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday is celebrated. The seder service is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life. In addition to eating matzah during the seder, Jews are prohibited from eating leavened bread during the entire week of Passover. In addition, Jews are also supposed to avoid foods made with wheat, barley, rye, spelt or oats unless those foods are labeled ‘kosher for Passover.’ Jews traditionally have separate dishes for Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘order.’ The ritual family meal eaten at home on the first and second nights of Passover, accompanied by the retelling of the story of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacob and Sarah Taratoot and family. Jacob Taratoot (1876-1963) was a native of Russia who immigrated to Atlanta in 1914. He was a cantor and teacher at Ahavath Achim Synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘head of the year,’ i.e. New Year festival. The cycle of High Holy Days begins with Rosh Ha-Shanah. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh Ha-Shanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or Death. These decisions may be revoked by prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippur.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘Day of Atonement.’ The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25 hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the shofar (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim was founded in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1920 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont and Gilmer Street. The final service in that building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta- Fulton County Stadium was located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940’s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the ‘Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Welfare Fund was one of the preceding organizations of the current Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. Its function was to fundraise for the Jewish community centrally and disperse it throughout the Jewish community (locally, nationally and internationally) rather than each Jewish institution trying to raise money individually.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdward M. Kahn (1895-1984) was an immigrant from Bialystok, Poland. He became a leader in Atlanta’s Jewish community and served as executive director of several organizations including the Jewish Educational Alliance, the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, and the Atlanta Federation of Jewish Social Service, an earlier incarnation of the current Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. He also worked with Southern Israelite as a writer and adviser.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joseph I. Cohen (1896-1985) was born in Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey. He was trained for the rabbinate in Turkey and accepted his first pulpit in Havana, Cuba in 1920. In 1934 he moved to Atlanta, Georgia where he was installed as the rabbi of Or VeShalom, a Sephardic congregation. Rabbi Cohen officially retired in 1969, but remained active at both the synagogue and in the community until his death in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Harry Epstein, the congregation began to shift to Conservatism, which they joined in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi David Marx (1872 - 1962) was a long-time rabbi at the Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. He led the move toward Reform Judaism practices. He served as rabbi from 1895 to 1946. When he retired, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild took the pulpit that Rabbi Marx had held for more than half a century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSarah Tontak Berkovitz (1917-2011) was president of the Atlanta Junior Hadassah and the Southeastern Region of Junior Hadassah. A native of Atlanta, she married Harry Berkovitz, an electrical engineer, in 1942, and subsequently resided in Glen Rock, NJ.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish for ‘grandfather.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShadchan is a Hebrew word for matchmaker.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe act of reciting Jewish liturgical prayers during which the prayer sways or rocks lightly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or ‘Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,’ is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately1500 families (2016).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Anshi S’fard is an Orthodox synagogue located in Atlanta. It was founded in 1911 to provide a home for Hasidic worship and fellowship for Jews from Poland, Galicia and the Ukraine who had settled in Atlanta. At first the congregation met in the Red Men’s Hall on Central Avenue, but by the end of 1913 a wooden building at the corner of Woodward Avenue and King Street was secured. A few years later the congregation moved to the corner of Woodward and Capitol Avenues. After 1945, the settlement of Jews where Anshi S’fard was located disappeared. Anshi S’fard moved to its present location on North Highland, in the Morningside area. It is the oldest Orthodox congregation in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis area is known as the Washington–Rawson neighborhood of Atlanta which was a center of Jewish community in the city. By the mid-1870’s, Washington Street was becoming one of the city's finest residential streets. The neighborhood was wealthy at the turn of the twentieth century: Encyclopedia Britannica of 1910 listed Washington Street as one of the finest residential areas of the city. The neighborhood included the area that is now the large parking lot north of Turner Field, until 1996 the site of Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium. It also included the intersection of the two streets for which it was named. That intersection's location is now the site of the I-20-Downtown Connector interchange.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Taylor Baking Company in Atlanta was owned by Charles Taylor, the father of Herbert Taylor.  It was located at 351 Capitol Avenue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1946, the Jewish Educational Alliance incorporated and formally changed its name to the Atlanta Jewish Community Center (AJCC).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarney Medintz (1910-1960) was a Jewish leader both nationally and locally in Atlanta. He was one of the national leaders of the United Jewish Appeal and the Israel Bond Organization. He was also vice-president of the National Community Relations Advisory Council, vice-president of the Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds and a former member of the executive committee of the American Jewish Committee, Locally he was president of the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and past president of the Atlanta Jewish Community Council and the Atlanta Bureau of Jewish Education. He was also president of the Southeast Regional Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds. Medintz graduated from Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois where he was a star basketball player. He came to Atlanta after he graduated to become a recreation director at the Jewish Educational Alliance. Camp Barney Medintz, a Jewish camp in Cleveland, Georgia, is named in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGertrude Fierman Krick (1916- ) was a native New Yorker who relocated to Atlanta, Georgia. She was the wife of Edward Krick. She was active in the Atlanta Jewish Community. She became the first director of the Jewish Educational Alliance pre-school in 1937 and was assistant principal of the Atlanta Hebrew Academy (now renamed Atlanta Jewish Academy).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNow the Ben Massell Dental Clinic (BMDC), the facility provides dental care to Atlanta's neediest patients. Its roots date back to 1929 when a dental clinic was added to the Morris Hirsch Clinic which provided outpatient medical services to those unable to afford care. When the dental clinic needed to relocate, Ben Massell, one of Atlanta's builders and developers, acquired a location on Pryor Street. In 1959 the clinic needed to move again and Ben Massell, with help from the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta, secured a location on 7th Street where it remained for 49 years. In honor of his involvement with the clinic was renamed the Ben Massell Dental Clinic (BMDC). In 2008 it moved to its current location on 14th Street. (2016)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Hirsch (1841-1906) was a founder of The Temple and of Hirsch’s, a prominent Atlanta men’s clothing store for more than100 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Lichtenstein (1868-1926) was born in Bawske, Kurland, Russia, near Latvia, the son of J. B. and Hindy Lichtenstein. He emigrated to Baltimore, Maryland in 1890, and settled in Atlanta in 1892. In 1913 he entered the insurance and loan business and organized the Mutual Savings Company later known as the Morris Lichtenstein \u0026amp; Company, General Insurance \u0026amp; Loans. Other interests were the Montefiore Relief Association, the Morris Lichtenstein Free Loan Society, the Jewish Educational Alliance and the Federation of Jewish Charities. Lichtenstein was chairman of the Free Loan Fund that was founded in the 1890’s and renamed the Morris Lichtenstein Free Loan Fund as a tribute after his death. The Free Loan Fund was an important source of capital for Jewish merchants. It became a functional department of the Federation of Jewish Charities in 1912, the forerunner of the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta, and helped Jewish Atlantans well into the depression years when it disappeared.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Service Guild was dedicated to social service and civic work and was founded in 1936 by sixteen young Jewish women. They were responsible for starting many service projects including the Day Care Center at the Jewish Educational Alliance, a pre-natal care center at Grady Hospital, and the Emory’s first physical therapy clinic after World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHillel International is a Jewish organization for students at more than 550 colleges and universities across North America and around the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKosher/Kashrut is the set of Jewish dietary laws. Food that may be consumed according to halakhah (Jewish law) is termed ‘kosher’ in English. Kosher refers to Jewish laws that dictate how food is prepared or served and which kinds of foods or animals can be eaten. Food that is not in accordance with Jewish law is called ‘treif.’ The word ‘kosher’ has become English vernacular, a colloquialism meaning proper, legitimate, genuine, fair, or acceptable. Kosher can also be used to describe ritual objects that are made in accordance with Jewish law and are fit for ritual use.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two High Holy Days (also called High Holidays) are Rosh Ha-Shanah (Jewish New Year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew word ‘mitzvah’ refers to precepts and commandments as commanded by God. It is used in rabbinical Judaism to refer to the 613 commandments given in the Torah at Mount Sinai and the seven rabbinic commandments instituted later for a total of 620. In its secondary meaning, the Hebrew ‘mitzvah’ refers to a moral deed performed as a religious duty.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe tradition that there are 613 commandments in the Torah began in the 3rd century, when Rabbi Simlai mentioned it in a sermon that is recorded in Talmud. However, the Talmud does not list the commandments. Several Jewish scholars have compiled a complete listing, although they don’t all agree.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCommercial High School began as a department of Girls’ High School in 1889 for girls who wanted to learn business skills. They taught bookkeeping, typing, math and history. It expanded to a four-story brick building on Pryor Street, and in 1910 became Atlanta’s first coed high school. It closed in June 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930’s or early 1940’s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMichael Hoke Smith (1855–1931) was an American politician and newspaper owner who served as United States Secretary of the Interior (1893–1896), 58th Governor of Georgia (1907–1909, 1911), and a United States Senator (1911–1920) from Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Columbians was a neo-Nazi political organization in Atlanta Georgia. The first neo-Nazi organization in the United States, it was started by Homer Loomis in 1946. The group pursued a campaign of intimidation against the city's minorities, patrolling those neighborhoods most vulnerable to racial transition, and threatening with violence those residents who dared cross the city's “color line.” By 1947, the group's status as a non-profit organization in Georgia was revoked and the group dissolved following the conviction of its leaders, Homer Loomis and Emory Burke, on charges of usurping police power and inciting to riot. One of the members of the Columbians was George Bright, who was tried twice, but not convicted, in the Temple Bombing in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMax L. Kuniansky (1917-1995) was an Atlanta businessman and philanthropist who founded MK Construction in 1950. During World War II, Max served in the Army Air Force and flew thirty-five missions as a navigator in a B24 bomber.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAssociated Grocers Co-op Inc., originally founded as Atlanta Saving Stores in 1929, bought merchandise collectively, and in turn, sold it to their member owners at the lowest possible cost. It was founded by eight Atlanta Jewish grocers, who met at the home of Dr. Irving Greenberg. The membership remained entirely Jewish until the 1930’s, when it expanded to include grocers from the general community. Most of the small stores were not passed down to the next generation and simply went out of business. Associated Grocers Co-op closed in 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack Maziar (1908-1997) was a manager at Atlanta Savings Stores, which bought merchandise and sold it to member retail grocery owners, eliminating the wholesaler. Probably a reference to Harry Maziar (1934-  ),a prominent Atlanta businessman. He was President of Zep Manufacturing Company which was a leader in the specialty chemical industry, and was Chairman of the Chemical Division of National Service Industries. He was president and co-chairman of the Board of Governors at the Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta, president of the Jewish Vocational Service (now Jewish Family and Career Services), a board member of the William Breman Jewish Home, Ahavath Achim Synagogue, the Jewish Community Centers of America, and chair of the Southeast Regional Council for Birthright Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry S. Glassman (1908-1990) was an Atlanta businessman whose business, Harry Glassman and Company, expanded from selling insurance to real estate sales. He was an active member of the ZOA (Zionist Organization of American), serving as a president of its Atlanta District.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Grand Order of the Aleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) is an international youth-led fraternal organization for Jewish teenagers, founded in 1924. It currently exists as the male wing of B’nai B’rith Youth Organization, an independent non-profit organization. AZA’s sister organization, for teenage girls, is the B’nai B’rith Girls (BBG).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International (Hebrew: ‘Children of the Covenant’) is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA youth Zionist organization with chapters throughout the United States for men and women ages 18 to 30.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenjamin (Ben) J. Massell (1886-1962) was a civic and community leader in both the Jewish and general communities of Atlanta. In the early 1900’s, he and his two brothers, Sam and Levi, founded the Massell Realty Company, which had a hand in the development and sale of several landmark properties in Atlanta. Civic leader Ivan Allen, Sr., was known to say, “Sherman burned Atlanta and Ben Massell built it back.” Ben Massell was the uncle of former Atlanta mayor Sam Massell.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Berry Hartsfield, Sr. (1890-1971), served as the 49th and 51st Mayor of Atlanta. His tenure extended from 1937 to 1941 and again from 1942 to 1962, making him the longest-serving mayor of his native Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e‘Live by the book’ is an American idiomatic expression meaning ‘follow the rules,’ or ‘do things in the correct or proper manner.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStreetcars originally operated in Atlanta downtown and into the surrounding areas from 1871 until 1949. The first such transportation began with horsecars in 1871, and electric streetcar service started in the 1880’s. The last streetcar service on the old network ended in 1949; the streetcar system was quickly replaced by a trolley bus system and later with buses. A new streetcar system in Atlanta began operating in 2014 and is known as the Atlanta Streetcar project. (2015)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFranklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-twentieth century, leading the United States through a time of worldwide economic crisis and war. Popularly known as ‘FDR,’ he collapsed and died in his home in Warm Springs, Georgia just a few months before the end of the war. He was a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHenry Agard Wallace (1888 – 1965) was the 33rd Vice President of the United States (1941–45), the Secretary of Agriculture (1933–40), and the Secretary of Commerce (1945–46). His public feuds with other officials caused controversy during his time as Vice President under Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and resulted in Democrats dropping him from the ticket in the 1944 election in favor of Senator Harry S. Truman. In the 1948 presidential election, Wallace left the Democratic Party to run unsuccessfully as the nominee of the Progressive Party against Truman, Republican Thomas E. Dewey, and States' Rights Democrat Strom Thurmond.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA member of the Electoral College (United States) which formally chooses the President and Vice President of the United States every four years. Electors are apportioned to each of the 50 states as well as to the District of Columbia according to the number of members of Congress to which the state is entitled. The electors generally cast their votes for the winner of the popular vote in their respective states.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1945, a special committee, appointed by the president of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, met to consider how adult Jewish organizations in the community could be coordinated to participate more effectively. Out of this study came the creation of the Atlanta Jewish Community Council. In 1967, the Jewish Community Council merged with the Atlanta Jewish Federation (now the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta). By 2009 it again became an independent entity called the Jewish Community Relations Council of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community.  Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, educational opportunities.  It is part of the Jewish Federation of North America (JFNA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Bureau of Jewish Education (ABJE) was created in 1946 to foster Jewish education in the city. In 1947, it was instrumental in forming a Hebrew High School is Atlanta. Over the course of four decades, the  Bureau offered services to schools, the community and individuals including curriculum guides for Atlanta-area public schools, Holocaust education programs, conferences, workshops, programs for teenagers in Israel, festivals, adult education, classes, lectures, and extension classes for Sunday school teachers. The organization also operated a lending library of Jewish books and resources.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel H. Rosenberg (1905 – 1962) was an executive director of the Atlanta Bureau of Jewish Education. He came to Atlanta to head up the Bureau in 1949 after having served as educational director of congregations in Rochester, N.Y., New Haven, Conn., Jacksonville, Florida and Buffalo, New York. He was a member of the board of the National Council for Jewish Education, which is made up of professional Jewish educators and worked very closely with the American Association for Jewish Education. He was particularly instrumental in the development of a Hebrew High School in Atlanta and an Institute of Jewish Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Jewish Academy was incorporated in 2014, as a result of the merger of Greenfield Hebrew Academy (GHA) and Yeshiva Atlanta High School (YA), the oldest Jewish day schools in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Irving ‘Greenie’ Greenberg (1911-2006) was born in Poland and came to Atlanta with his family in 1913. He was a graduate of Emory University Medical School. Following his service in the United States Army (1941 to 1946) he returned to Atlanta where he practiced General Surgery for more than 40 years and pioneered Early Ambulation, post-operative care in which a patient gets out of bed and engages in light activity as soon as possible after an operation. He served on the board of almost every major medical and Jewish organization in Atlanta. He co-founded the Greenfield Hebrew Academy, helped establish the first blood bank in Atlanta, and co-chaired the Jewish Federation’s first annual campaign that raised $1,000,000.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlex E. Milt (1904 – 1992) was a philanthropist and businessman who was active in Atlanta’s Jewish community. He was the first president of the Hebrew Academy in Atlanta and was instrumental in its founding. He was also involved with the Jewish Community Center, the Jewish Home, Shearith Israel Congregation, and frequently served as cantor at Congregation Anshe S’fard.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1897, the Zionist Organization of America is the oldest pro-Israel organization in the United States.  It is dedicated to educating the public, elected officials, media, and college/high school students about Israel and to promoting strong United States-Israel relations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdherents of Orthodox Judaism, a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the Written Torah and the Oral Law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdherents of Conservative Judaism, a branch of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. They also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis and bat mitzvahs).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdherents of Reform Judaism, a branch of Judaism, especially in North America and Western Europe.  Historically it began in the nineteenth century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle East and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word ‘Sepharad,’ which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarold Hirsch (1881 – 1939) played football at the University of Georgia from 1900 to 1901, studied law at Columbia University in New York, and was the general counsel for The Coca-Cola Company for more than thirty years as an attorney with the firm of Hirsch, Smith \u0026amp; Kilpatrick. He was active in the Allied Jewish Campaign and was instrumental in establishing the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund in 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmanuel Feldman (b. 1927) is an Orthodox rabbi and Rabbi Emeritus of Congregation Beth Jacob of Atlanta, Georgia. He was born to a family of Orthodox rabbis dating back more than seven generations. During his nearly 40 years at Beth Jacob beginning in 1952, he nurtured the growth of Atlanta’s Orthodox community from a city with two small Orthodox synagogues to a community large enough to support Jewish day schools, yeshivas, girls’ schools and a kollel. He is a past vice-president of the Rabbinical Council of America and former editor of Tradition: The Journal of Orthodox Jewish thought published by the RCA. In 1991, his son, Rabbi Ilan Feldman, succeeded him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The first location was a converted house on Boulevard.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a private, country club, with a Jewish heritage dating back to 1867. The club originated as Concordia Association in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905 it was reorganized as the Standard Club and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near where Turner Field is now located. In the late 1920’s the club moved to Ponce de Leon Avenue in Midtown Atlanta. The club later moved to the Brookhaven area and opened in what is now the Lenox Park business park. It was located there until 1983 when the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePonce de Leon Avenue often simply called “Ponce,” provides a link between Atlanta, Decatur, Clarkston, and Stone Mountain, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe area described here is known as Druid Hills, an historic affluent Atlanta community containing some of Atlanta's historic mansions from the late 19th and early 20th century as well as the main campus of Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The planned community was conceived by Joel Hurt, and developed with the effort of Atlanta's leading families, including Coca-Cola founder Asa Candler.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn area located northwest of Downtown Atlanta with gracious homes, elegant hotels, shopping centers, restaurants, high-rise condominiums, and office buildings. Buckhead is a major commercial and financial center of the Southeast, and it is the third-largest business district in Atlanta, behind Downtown and Midtown.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Morning Journal (Yiddish:  Der Morgen Zshurnal) was a Yiddish-language publication in New York from 1901 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Council was created in 1945 when a committee of 20, appointed by the president of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, met to consider how the adult Jewish organizations in the community could be coordinated to participate more effectively in the community service. In 1967, the Jewish Community Council merged into the Atlanta Jewish Federation along with the Atlanta Federation for Jewish Social Service and the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund. The Council became a department of the Atlanta Jewish Federation (now the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta) called Community Relations and Internal Jewish Affairs (later changed to the Community Relations Committee). By 2009, the Council became an independent entity, the Jewish Community Relations Council of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Orphans’ Home was located at 478 Washington Street in Atlanta. The residence facility was open from 1876 to 1930. It was originally called the Hebrew Orphans’ Asylum. In 1901, the name was changed to the Hebrew Orphans’ Home. The service began to be used to place foster children in homes. In 1988, the organization’s mission changed and it became the Jewish Educational Loan Fund (JELF) with the goal of providing low-interest post-secondary education loans for Jewish students.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Berthold Abram (1918-2000) was an American lawyer, civil rights activist and leader in the Jewish community who grew up in Fitzgerald, Georgia. Defending civil rights workers in Georgia in 1963, Abram won decisions that helped overturn the state's insurrection and illegal assembly laws, which had been used against civil rights demonstrators. Over the years, Abram helped bring civil rights cases to the United States Supreme Court. President John F. Kennedy named him the first general counsel to the Peace Corps in 1961. President Lyndon B. Johnson made him United States representative to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, co-chairman of the Planning Committee of the White House Conference on Civil Rights and a member of the Committee on the Office of Economic Opportunity. Abram served as President of Brandeis from 1968-1970. He was the Representative of the United States to the European Office of the United Nations from 1989 to 1993. In 1993 he founded United Nations Watch while he was Honorary President of the American Jewish Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbe Kruger (1893-1973) came to the United States in 1911 from Russia and owned a dry goods store in Fitzgerald, Georgia that he sold to the Belks chain in 1954. He served as mayor pro tem in the 1960's and was a leader of the local Jewish community.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack Chilnick (1917-1983) was an educator and Jewish community leader. He came to Atlanta in 1949 as director of the Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA). During his tenure, he oversaw the development of the JEA to Atlanta’s then new Jewish Community Center.  Chilnick resigned the post in 1957 to become executive director of the Lynn Jewish Community Center in Massachusetts. Before coming to Atlanta he was the director of the JEA in Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/annotation_set/484/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSadie Fedder Saks (1920-1996) was a Director of the Atlanta Jewish Community Center's Early Childhood Center beginning in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=3270.0,3300.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Edward Krick [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history and childhood in Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=32.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father was named Isaac Krick. He was in a pawn shop business for a while. In 1929 he went into the grocery business.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=32.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chumash","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Decatur, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kovno","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pogroms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shochet","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=32.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish culture and family traditions","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699#t=683.0,1069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39334/file/110699/index/47824/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let’s go back to 1929, right after my bar mitzvah. I joined a little club, the SIJ Club. 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