{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/rr1pg1kv2c/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Gershon, Rebecca"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1976-02-18 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gershon, Rebecca Mathis (Interviewee)","Gershon, Ruth (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRebecca Gershon was interviewed by Ruth Gerson on February 18, 1976, in Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Mathis Gershon was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, on November 20, 1898. She was one of two children born to Aldoph and Hanna Simpson Mathis. She grew up in Chattanooga and frequently visited relatives in Atlanta, Georgia. In Atlanta, she met Harry Gershon, and they were friends before going on to marry in 1921. In 1919, she graduated cum laude from Smith College. Harry worked with his father at Atlanta Woodenware Company before becoming an executive for Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca moved to Atlanta after her marriage, where she became very involved in the Jewish communities and various civic activities. In the 1930’s she became involved in racial justice; she joined the Commission on Interracial-Cooperation, the Atlanta Urban League, and was also a member of the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching. In the 1930’s, Rebecca also dedicated time to Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazi regime in Europe. She organized and ran the Club for New Americans, which taught English to Jewish refugees. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca also served as Southeast regional president of the National Council of Jewish Women and was a forerunner of the Southern Regional Council. She was a former member of the boards of Brandeis University, the Jewish Welfare Fund, and the YWCA. Additionally, she belonged to the League of Women Voters and the Druid Hills Fair Housing Committee. She was made a life member of Hadassah and received its Myrtle Wreath Award for Humanitarian and Community Services. Rebecca passed away in 1987, 51 years after Harry passed away in 1936. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eThe interview focuses on Rebecca’s recollection of early Atlanta and her involvement in the community. She provides background on her grandparents and how her father came to America. She recalls visiting Atlanta as a child and a teenager to visit relatives. Her friend and relative, Josephine Hyman, talks briefly about her childhood in Atlanta. She reminisces about social activities in Atlanta. She discusses the Reform and Orthodox communities and how the Jewish Welfare Fund helped bridge the divide between them. She talks about her involvement with the Jewish Welfare Fund and the work she did with Jewish refugees. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca talks about Rabbi Marx and her family’s relationship with him. She talks about getting married. She shares her recollections of the Leo Frank case and the anxiety in the community at the time. She discusses her memories of Jewish businesses in Atlanta. Rebecca talks about the organizations she has been involved in, including ​​Hadassah and the National Council of Jewish Women. She talks more about helping Jewish refugees settle in Atlanta and the various organizations that facilitated those efforts. She discusses her grandfather, who served in the Civil War, and talks about her interest in genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca reflects on how the Jewish community has changed over the years. She reflects on antisemitism and her feelings towards the Piedmont Driving Club. She recalls the streetcar in Atlanta and how the city has expanded. She shares her recollection of the Hebrew Orphan's Home and some of the people involved with it. She reflects on the relationship between the different congregations in Atlanta and how it has improved. The interview concludes with Rebecca sharing more about the organizations she has been involved in and the work she contributed to.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Blumberg, Janice Oettinger Rothschild (1924-2024) (personal name)","Bukofzer, Bruno (1876-1930) (personal name)","Bukofzer, Lenore Joel (1881-1965) (personal name)","Duskin, Mary Kate (1895-1988) (personal name)","Eichberg, Joseph (1906-1997) (personal name)","Frank, Leo Max (1884-1915) (personal name)","Haas, Herbert (1884-1953) (personal name)","Haas, Joseph Fader (1911-2000) (personal name)","Hamilton, Grace Towns (1907-1992) (personal name)","Heyman, Josephine Joel (1901-1993) (personal name)","Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945) (personal name)","Garson, Frank (1886-1955) (personal name)","Geffen, Rabbi Tobias (1870-1970) (personal name)","Gershon, Harry Maxwell (1897-1937) (personal name)","Gershon, Rebecca Mathis (1898-1987) (personal name)","Joel, Benjamin Franklin (1866-1937) (personal name)","Joel, Lyons Barnett (1872-1933) (personal name)","Kahn, Edward M. (1895-1984) (personal name)","Marx, Rabbi David (1872-1962) (personal name)","Mathis, Adolph (1865-1918) (personal name)","Mathis, Hanna Simpson (1871-1926) (personal name)","May, Armand (1882-1972) (personal name)","McGill, Ralph Emerson (1898-1969) (personal name)","McNair, Hattie (1856-1920) (personal name)","Rothschild, Rabbi Jacob (1911-1973) (personal name)","Simpson, David (1867-1906) (personal name)","Simpson, Henrietta Oppenheimer (1838-1904) (personal name)","Simpson, Joseph (1828-1899) (personal name)","Slaton, John “Jack” Marshall (1866-1955) (personal name)","Wyle, Armand (1877-1959) (personal name)","Wyle, Viola (1881-1944) (personal name)","Adlers (corporate name)","Ahavath Achim Synagogue (corporate name)","American Israelite (corporate name)","American Mills Company (corporate name)","Atlanta Jewish Federation (corporate name)","Atlanta Woodenware Company (corporate name)","Capital City Club (corporate name)","Five Points (corporate name)","Forsyth Theatre (corporate name)","Hadassah (corporate name)","Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) (corporate name)","Hebrew Orphans' Home (corporate name)","Jewish Welfare Fund (corporate name)","Leon Froshin Shoppe (corporate name)","National Council of Jewish Women (corporate name)","New World Club (corporate name)","New York Association for New Americans (NYANA) (corporate name)","Nunnally Candy Company (corporate name)","Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company (corporate name)","Piedmont Driving Club (corporate name)","Shearith Israel (corporate name)","Southern Conference for Human Welfare (corporate name)","Southern Israelite (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Terminal Hotel (corporate name)","Urban League (corporate name)","William Bremen Jewish Heritage Museum (corporate name)","William Breman Jewish Home (corporate name)","YWCA (corporate name)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Baltimore, Maryland (geographic term)","Birmingham, Alabama (geographic term)","Birmingham, England (geographic term)","Buckhead, Atlanta (geographic term)","Chattanooga, Tennessee (geographic term)","Cincinnati, Ohio (geographic term)","Colchester, England (geographic term)","Dalton, Georgia (geographic term)","Darmstadt, Germany (geographic term)","Denver, Colorado (geographic term)","Ellis Island (geographic term)","Williamsburg, Virginia (geographic term)","American Civil War (named event)","Battle of Missionary Ridge/Battle of Chattanooga (named event)","The Holocaust (named event)","World War II (named event)","Antisemitism (other)","Bar mitzvah (other)","Bat mitzvah (other)","Cheder (other)","Confederate States of America (other)","Confirmation (other)","Desegregation (other)","Ku Klux Klan (other)","The Mayflower (other)","One Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South (other)","Orthodox Judaism (other)","Reform Judaism (other)","Shabbat (other)","Streetcars (other)","Union Army (other)","Vaudeville (other)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRebecca Gershon was interviewed by Ruth Gerson on February 18, 1976, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Mathis Gershon was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, on November 20, 1898. She was one of two children born to Aldoph and Hanna Simpson Mathis. She grew up in Chattanooga and frequently visited relatives in Atlanta, Georgia. In Atlanta, she met Harry Gershon, and they were friends before going on to marry in 1921. In 1919, she graduated cum laude from Smith College. Harry worked with his father at Atlanta Woodenware Company before becoming an executive for Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca moved to Atlanta after her marriage, where she became very involved in the Jewish communities and various civic activities. In the 1930\u0026rsquo;s she became involved in racial justice; she joined the Commission on Interracial-Cooperation, the Atlanta Urban League, and was also a member of the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching. In the 1930\u0026rsquo;s, Rebecca also dedicated time to Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazi regime in Europe. She organized and ran the Club for New Americans, which taught English to Jewish refugees.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca also served as Southeast regional president of the National Council of Jewish Women and was a forerunner of the Southern Regional Council. She was a former member of the boards of Brandeis University, the Jewish Welfare Fund, and the YWCA. Additionally, she belonged to the League of Women Voters and the Druid Hills Fair Housing Committee. She was made a life member of Hadassah and received its Myrtle Wreath Award for Humanitarian and Community Services. Rebecca passed away in 1987, 51 years after Harry passed away in 1936.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview focuses on Rebecca\u0026rsquo;s recollection of early Atlanta and her involvement in the community. She provides background on her grandparents and how her father came to America. She recalls visiting Atlanta as a child and a teenager to visit relatives. Her friend and relative, Josephine Hyman, talks briefly about her childhood in Atlanta. She reminisces about social activities in Atlanta. She discusses the Reform and Orthodox communities and how the Jewish Welfare Fund helped bridge the divide between them. She talks about her involvement with the Jewish Welfare Fund and the work she did with Jewish refugees.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca talks about Rabbi Marx and her family\u0026rsquo;s relationship with him. She talks about getting married. She shares her recollections of the Leo Frank case and the anxiety in the community at the time. She discusses her memories of Jewish businesses in Atlanta. Rebecca talks about the organizations she has been involved in, including ​​Hadassah and the National Council of Jewish Women. She talks more about helping Jewish refugees settle in Atlanta and the various organizations that facilitated those efforts. She discusses her grandfather, who served in the Civil War, and talks about her interest in genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRebecca reflects on how the Jewish community has changed over the years. She reflects on antisemitism and her feelings towards the Piedmont Driving Club. She recalls the streetcar in Atlanta and how the city has expanded. She shares her recollection of the Hebrew Orphan's Home and some of the people involved with it. She reflects on the relationship between the different congregations in Atlanta and how it has improved. The interview concludes with Rebecca sharing more about the organizations she has been involved in and the work she contributed to.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Rebecca_Gershon.mp3"]},"duration":4228.46694,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/297/891/original/Rebecca_Gershon.mp3?1764189549","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":4228.46694,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Gershon, Rebecca [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The interviewee is Mrs. Rebecca Gershon, the interview is being held on February 18, 1976, at the home of Mrs. Rebecca Gershon. [interview pauses, then resumes] That should be on, the first question that we get to, which I guess is logical, is if you remember your grandparents at all and where they came from, or know of anything about . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=7.0,44.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I know where they came from, but I don't remember. My paternal grandparents lived in Germany and stayed there. My maternal grandparents lived with us in Chattanooga [Tennessee] but they both died before I was six. I don't really remember them at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=44.0,64.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know what part of Germany?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=64.0,66.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they came from Hesse-Darmstadt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=66.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e I think that's the same place my grandfather came from.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=70.0,72.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e We discovered that once before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=72.0,74.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e I didn't know if my father changed that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=74.0,79.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there a lot of people, do you know, did they come with a lot of people or sort of on their own?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=79.0,86.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My maternal grandfather came as a young boy with his father. My maternal grandfather fought in the war between the states, went into the army from Baltimore [Maryland] where he lived. He fought the Battle of Chattanooga and that's what made him think it would be a good place to move, start up a business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=86.0,106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He went back to Chattanooga?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=106.0,108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He must have came back to Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=108.0,110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of business did he do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=110.0,112.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Clothing store, a small clothing store. Which lasted for a good many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=112.0,122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Your father's parents never did come . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=122.0,125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e They never came to Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=125.0,126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e How did he get here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=126.0,129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He ran away from home at the age of ten and came with an aunt and uncle who were coming with their two children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=129.0,136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did he come straight to Chattanooga?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=136.0,137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they went first to Williamsburg, Virginia, where the boat must have left them off or somewhere along there, I don't know. They went first, he stayed with this aunt and uncle until he married, they went first to Williamsburg, then to Denver where there were other relatives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=137.0,154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Colorado?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=154.0,156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Then back to Chattanooga where there was a prosperous uncle who must have commuted between Chattanooga, Dalton [Georgia], and Atlanta because he had interest in all three places and was one of the founders of The Temple congregation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=156.0,173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Here in Atlanta? Who was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=173.0,176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Uncle David.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=176.0,177.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I need to ask you this by the way because I don't know what your maiden name was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=177.0,181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e M-A-T-H-I-S.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=181.0,183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm so familiar with your married name that I forgot to ask about your maiden name. You were in Chattanooga. What about your mother was she . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=183.0,195.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My mother was born in Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=195.0,196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e She was born there. Her parents were from there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=196.0,199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My maternal grandfather must have been married before he came to Chattanooga because there were two children older than Mother. Mother was born in Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=199.0,208.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You came along then; you were born in Chattanooga?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=208.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=211.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Are there any stories, for example, that you can remember your grandparents, and again I know it's going to be difficult since that they died when we were so young. Is there anything that you can remember about what they told. Any kind of family history? Or any stories perhaps that your parents may have told you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=216.0,235.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e About them? No. The only thing I know about my maternal grandfather and great grandfather is that . . . [interview pauses, then resumes] There were a couple of generations between Germany and the United States which part of the family spent in England. Their name when they left Germany was S-I-M-S-O-N but when they got to England, it was continually spelled S-I-M-P-S-O-N. They just let that stay, so that that was my mother's maiden name. That's how the 'p' got in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=235.0,285.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e They did stop in England and then came . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=285.0,288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were a couple of generations approximately spent in England.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=288.0,293.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's very interesting. Do you have any idea of why they came to the United States, for example, from England? Any stories of prejudice or . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=293.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=303.0,304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the people it's pretty easy to understand why they came, but I would imagine England was a little bit more liberal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=304.0,312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't think England was overrunning with liberality at that point. But anyway, that's what they did. I don't know that I would have known that if it hadn't come up about the name. The S-I-M-S-O-N. There were three sons of Simon when they took the last name. The three sons took different versions of it. The one from which my family descended took, S-I-M-S-O-N.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=312.0,339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Then they became Simpson. Are there any Simpsons in Chattanooga now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=339.0,349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I have no relatives in Chattanooga at all anymore. They're all in the cemetery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=349.0,354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e They're all in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=354.0,355.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I have no relatives in Atlanta. I have some in-laws but no relatives of my own. I have only one nephew who lives in Cincinnati [Ohio]. My brother's son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=355.0,372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When you came to Atlanta, you came when you got married or . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=372.0,377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I came to live here when I got married. But I came to visit a relative from the time I was ten until I married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=377.0,385.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were you visiting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=385.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was visiting Mr. and Mrs. Bruno Bukofzer and neither of them are living anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember where they lived? I'm interested in the area of Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=397.0,398.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I first came, they lived at the Terminal Hotel which he owned, and they had an apartment in it. Subsequently they lived on 14th Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=398.0,406.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Northwest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=406.0,407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e There was a whole colony, a whole colony of Jewish people that lived on . . . not a colony, five or six families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=407.0,416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the early movers from the South Side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=416.0,419.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I moved there when I was six years old and Reb came to visit, she said, when she was ten. There were probably six families that lived there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=419.0,432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where exactly . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=432.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Between Peachtree and West Peachtree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=433.0,434.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Right down there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=434.0,435.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=435.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I assume none of the houses are still standing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=438.0,440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the houses are still standing, but none of the same people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=440.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Ours was torn down . . . I grew up on 14th Street and my father's brother built a house right next door. It was two and a half. And a few years ago they were torn down this like that. They had been used business after my folks sold it and moved out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=443.0,461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What were your parents’ names?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=461.0,463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e My parents' name was Joel, J-O-E-L. There were two brothers. My father was Benjamin Franklin Joel, and his brother was Lyons Barnett Joel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=463.0,477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I assume that they had some history in the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=477.0,482.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Out on fourteenth street and my cousin who lived there, and I, married brothers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=482.0,489.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was this something sort of special that that Jews had moved from the South Side, which is of course where my family lived, to really the northern part of town?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=489.0,504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e I know we were so far away that we had to go to parties with somebody who lived there on the block because nobody was going to go on the streetcar. You can get the girl and take her back to a party and bring her back home and go back again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=504.0,518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Fourteenth Street was considered pretty far out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=518.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPHINE HEYMAN:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, way far out there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=524.0,530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e [interview pauses, then resumes] When did you . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=530.0,531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think the first time I came to Atlanta was 1908.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=531.0,535.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was to visit?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=535.0,536.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was to visit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=536.0,538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e This was your uncle you were visiting or . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=538.0,542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He really was my father's first cousin, but this was the family my father lived with until he married. I always considered his parents like grandparents and him more like an uncle. It's such a round . . . and the wife was genuinely Josephine's aunt. That was where they connected. It was such a roundabout story to say how we were connected that I simply got in the habit of saying my uncle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=542.0,576.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e As far as living situations went, he really was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=576.0,579.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He really was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=579.0,584.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He was the one who moved around?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=584.0,586.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, it was his uncle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=586.0,588.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e His uncle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=588.0,589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My great uncle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=589.0,592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The man we're calling your uncle, was he born in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=592.0,597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, and I don't know how he came to Atlanta, but he lived in Atlanta for the greater part of his life, certainly his adult life. I don't know where he lived when he was growing. Of course when he was a little boy, he was younger than my father. When he was a little boy, he was the same place as they were, Denver, then Chattanooga. When he was grown, he came here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=597.0,619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Denver must have been pretty wild west at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=619.0,622.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know, there were some cousins who had come earlier who were established in Denver. I think that's why the family went there first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=622.0,634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You came for a visit, and is that when you met Mr. Gershon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=634.0,639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't think I met him on the first couple of visits. I think I must have been 12 or 13 when we met.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=639.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Here's a question I'm going to ask that I'm personally interested in and that is do you have the idea when his family came here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=647.0,654.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. His father came here as a very small boy, and my father had been born in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=654.0,666.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where was his father's family from? Do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=666.0,669.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e England. Two first cousins married. One came from Colchester, and the other came from Birmingham.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=669.0,677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know where they came from before then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=677.0,680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, so far back . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=680.0,681.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e We'll never find out if they came from the same place as my family. Was their name always Gershon or do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=681.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e As far as I know it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=688.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because as you know, ours was not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=690.0,692.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I didn't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=692.0,693.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Ours was . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=693.0,694.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Never made any difference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=694.0,695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Ours was Gershonovitz and when they got off the boat, that was the Russianized, of course Gershon is a Hebrew name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=695.0,704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I know it is. It's in the begats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=704.0,705.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That’s right! One of my friends found that one day and brought the Bible to the office to show me and I told him that I knew about that. I guess our families, if they were related, it was way, way back. Probably it was a fairly common Jewish name. I would think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=705.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it must have been because there was an astronomer in France somewhere way back whose name was Gershon and some other place I've come across a Gershon. Between the begats and the astronomer. I don't know now where it was, but every now and then you pick one up. I think it must have been not too uncommon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=721.0,746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's very interesting. To try and to have gone back even to the French astronomer. I'm glad you did that. Maybe I'll claim him if he was a good one. One thing I'm also interested in, when you came here and you visited and you had talked somewhat about the parties or whatever, were there what kind of social events were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=746.0,772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't really know. You went in a group that was largely your age running, two or three years different between the girls and the boys perhaps. I guess we turned on a Victrola and danced or something. I just don't really remember. The only thing I really remember was a hayride.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=772.0,797.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did you go on the hayride?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=797.0,799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I have no idea where we went. I know I was a wallflower. Probably the reason I remember it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=799.0,806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Probably because you were from out of town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=806.0,808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think I was too young for it. My cousin let me go because Harry Gershon was a nice boy and he'd take good care of me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=808.0,819.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e It looks like he must have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=819.0,821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He didn't then. He didn't that night, no. He said subsequently that he thought I was the scrawniest, most freckled faced little girl he'd ever seen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=821.0,832.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When did y'all get married?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=832.0,836.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e 1921.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=836.0,838.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was a long time where you were visiting Atlanta before you were married. How big was the Jewish community in Chattanooga?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=838.0,848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I can't give you numbers, but it seemed very small. As I started to say earlier, there was a Reform and an Orthodox congregation even when I was a child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=848.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there interaction between the congregations?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=861.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e None at all that I know of. I don't think there was any interaction here either. I think it was pretty well walled up. The thing that that I think did the most breaking down the walls was the Welfare Fund.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=863.0,880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e How did that work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=880.0,883.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because it was a general appeal and people from both groups worked. You got to know people that you might not ever have gotten to know otherwise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=883.0,894.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Welfare Fund now runs agencies here in Atlanta but also the drive is for Israel. Back before Israel was there, what was the . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=894.0,913.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Hitler immigrants. It wasn't even the formal Welfare Fund drive the first couple of years. But it's always seemed to me that it was the beginning of the breakdown. There were some bridges before that because several of us were members of Hadassah, years before that. I remember Hadassah when I'd been living in Atlanta only a couple of years, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=913.0,942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That would have been in the early 1920's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=942.0,944.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the early 1920's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=944.0,945.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there just one chapter of Hadassah or were there . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=945.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, it was just one. The large influx of Jews, the large migration came earlier than the Hitler ones, but after the period that we were talking about when we were children. I don't know just when.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=948.0,974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What congregation did your family belong to in Chattanooga?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=974.0,977.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Reform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=977.0,978.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Reform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=978.0,979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My father was for some years president of the congregation and we were pillars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=979.0,987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When you came here did you and your husband belong to The Temple here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=987.0,993.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Doctor Marx performed the wedding ceremony for my parents because there was no rabbi in Chattanooga at that time. It was between rabbis. It was the year that Doctor Marx was in Birmingham [Alabama], the one year between his ordination and his coming to Atlanta. He came up to Chattanooga and married my parents. Consequently I was one of his oldest children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=993.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right. Then of course you knew him well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1021.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He was a very good friend of Harry's parents he came just one year too late to marry them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1023.0,1031.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where were where were you and Mr. Gershon married?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1031.0,1033.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Chattanooga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1033.0,1034.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Chattanooga. By the rabbi there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1034.0,1037.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e By Dr. Marx and the rabbi there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1037.0,1040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Had a joint ceremony?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1040.0,1043.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Doctor Marx wanted to marry us and my mother said I could not insult the home rabbi who I unfortunately disliked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1043.0,1051.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH GERSHON; He'll remain anonymous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1051.0,1052.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He'll remain anonymous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1052.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you feel about Dr. Marx?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1054.0,1056.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Personally I was very fond of him because he was, he was very good to me always. Otherwise I could find great fault when I was adult. I don't think I found any fault when I was growing up. There were many things I came to know about him that I just didn't agree with. I think he became a very bitter old man, which was not pleasant. As far as my personal relationship was concerned, it was always pleasant. I have to divide what I think objectively about him and what I feel personally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1056.0,1099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember anything, you had not yet moved to Atlanta, but do you remember anything about the [Leo] Frank case?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1099.0,1109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No. All I actually remember is that the summer when everyone was frightened and there were all sorts of rumors of this was going to happen and that was going to happen. It's a memory of fears and precautions more than anything else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1109.0,1127.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of precautions? You were a young girl . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1127.0,1131.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You don't go to a movie on a Saturday night because there might be a mob. You don't do this because . . . go out to a place and then . . . there were rumors that there was going to be. Josephine Heyman remembers when the mob went out Peachtree and they lived right between the Peachtrees that you could hear them. This was the mob that went out to Governor Slaton's. I don't remember anything specific.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1131.0,1161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you recall where the governor's mansion was then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1161.0,1165.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. It was where . . . somewhere right around where Phipps Plaza is now. Somewhere in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1165.0,1175.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e They went all the way down Peachtree? That's pretty far away. Were they walking?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1175.0,1181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so. I've always thought so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1181.0,1185.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e They certainly didn't have cars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1185.0,1186.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't have any documented proof. It was a cloud over the community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1186.0,1199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e How did the community . . . we're talking about fear, and for example you and I could go out on the streets today and I don't think anyone would know whether we were Jewish. Was there a feeling though that everybody knew who the Jews in Atlanta were?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1199.0,1217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know. I can't answer that, I just don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1217.0,1220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e It just seems evidently people must have felt that everybody knew. Otherwise, why would they be afraid?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1220.0,1228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so. There were neighborhoods, of course. This was a Jewish neighborhood, this was a Jewish neighborhood, this was a Jewish neighborhood. I don't know that anything ever happened in those neighborhoods. But there was a, I would say, some hysterical feeling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1228.0,1248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Which of course was . . . do we ought to [indistinct: 20:57] or something?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1248.0,1263.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There's a question here that that's sort of interesting, what about the Ku Klux Klan? Did that enter into your consciousness at all or fear about them? I don't think I knew they existed until I was older and the Frank case.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1263.0,1285.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What about even after the Frank case, was there any time when you felt that the Klan was after Jews or any such thing as that, was there any fear? There was not then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1285.0,1297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I remember once in the Interrelations Committee meeting, Frank Garson getting up and opposing a motion that was on the floor saying, \"What do you want to do? Take us back to the days of the Frank case when everybody was against the Jews?\" Something he wanted reported or not reported, I don't know. I remember his vivid recollection, \"Do you want to take us back to the days of the Frank case?\" It's really not pertinent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1297.0,1331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there ever any incident that you personally were involved in involving antisemitism?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1331.0,1340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1340.0,1341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What about the relationship between the Jewish community, say in either from the time you started visiting here or the time you moved here, and the non-Jewish community?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1341.0,1355.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know anything about it in the years that I was visiting here because I visited either in the summer or Christmas vacation time from school. I suppose I was perfectly oblivious of the general. Although I was not so oblivious in Chattanooga because my father was active in a good many things. But I don't have any memory at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1355.0,1383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What about after you moved here? Was there anything that you wanted to do, that you felt you couldn't do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1383.0,1392.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I've been phenomenally fortunate. I have known ever since I can remember that this existed. But I've had very few run ins with it myself. I've gone where I wanted to go and I've done what I wanted to do. Whatever was said about me was said behind my back because nobody came to me and said you shouldn't do it. I just found my own sweet way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1392.0,1419.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There's some interest shown on some of the questions as to the businesses, Jewish businesses in Atlanta, do you have any particular recollection as to any one area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1419.0,1437.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I just wouldn't really know. The only two stores I can remember are Froshin's and Adlers. Adlers was men's clothing and were Froshin's was what it's always been. I remember them when they were down on Whitehall Street. I don't know anything about Jewish businesses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1437.0,1464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You didn't attend any schools in Atlanta or in Georgia. You attended in Chattanooga? Any problems in the school system there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1464.0,1475.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not that I recall, I went to a, when I finished elementary school, I went to a college preparatory school, which was not a public school. I found none there, but I said there may have been there always, but I just didn't run into it. I don't think of myself as being particularly thick-skinned, but I just didn't run into it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1475.0,1506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When you came here either on your visits or after you moved here, were there any particular people who were outstanding in the Jewish community? Of course, Doctor Marx would have would have been one. Anyone else that that you recall as being sort of a leader or somebody that everyone looked up to or followed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1506.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There certainly should have been somebody, but I don't remember. I think of a couple of women, but I . . . some of these things I think you can find in Janice's book, which you said your father lent you. I just don't know, Ruth. I should know, but I don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1531.0,1567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's okay. Hadassah, you were a member of Hadassah. Were there any other organizations that you belonged to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1567.0,1578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I belonged to the Council of Jewish Women. I came here as a member because I'd been a member in Chattanooga, largely because my mother was president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1578.0,1589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the history of Atlanta. I had been under the impression that the Council and Hadassah was sort of, if you belonged to one probably wouldn't belong to the other. You belonged to both of these groups. Was there ever any conflict there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1589.0,1606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think there have been conflicts. I think it became less and less as the years went on. The feeling that there was plenty of room for both, I think, grew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1606.0,1621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Now back when you belonged to council, which was when you came here, what types of projects were they involved in? Do they do things out in the general community as they do now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1621.0,1638.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure much, much less, if at all. Much less. This is a thing that's grown, I think, with all the groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1638.0,1652.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's talk for a minute about, you had mentioned before the Hitler émigrés. Can you recall when these people started coming? I guess it would have been in the 1930's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1652.0,1663.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they began coming in the late 1930's, even before the war. Then a good many came 1939, 1940 and 1941.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1663.0,1674.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did they go? What did they have? Who took care of them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1674.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were organizations, national organizations headquartered in New York, which met and were responsible for them temporarily. In the Council for years there had been, I can't remember what they called it, but it was a committee that met émigrés at Ellis Island and saw that they were started off without exploitation. This was enlarged and then there was the HIAS [Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society], the New Americans. I can't remember the name of it, although it's been much more recent. People were sent by communities; a community indicated its willingness to take care of three families. There was an effort, unsuccessful I guess, but there was an effort to keep all of them from staying on the eastern seaboard or in New York in order to avoid any difficulty that might arise from too big a group. I don't think that was successful. The families that came to Atlanta, the Federation was responsible for. Through the Council and other agencies, lodging was found, furniture, necessities, and as often as possible, jobs. This was organized. I don't mean that there weren't people who on their own were friendly and pleasant, but there was an organization that was responsible, which was headed up in the Federation. The Federation then was a totally different setup than what it is now. There was a reorganization I would say half a dozen years ago, or maybe a little longer than that where the umbrella covered more space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1680.0,1820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e These people were taken care of, and I suppose eventually assimilated into the community?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1820.0,1826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they have. Then there was a lull until the hardcore cases that came after the war. People who have lived through all sorts of hell and survived, who came. For the most part or taken care of in the same way. They were more difficult to assimilate into the community because of language difficulties, fewer of them knew English. What other causes I'm not sure. For example, there was a group, the Council had a group that had nothing to do with settling and furnishing, but which met once a week in the evenings with an effort to acclimatize people who weren't accustomed to ways of all sorts of ways. This went on for a number of years until they took it over of themselves. It was the New World Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1826.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e This was after the [indistinct: 31:50]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1909.0,1913.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't think there was a similar thing for the later comers.  I don't know whether they would have wanted it if they had been. Because you see these people because of their experiences were very difficult to get next to. They were almost obliged to have come out of it, out of Europe at that time. Suspicions and fears and misapprehensions and all sorts of things. Lack of trust of anything or anybody. It was just more difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1913.0,1946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e During the war, do you recall any feelings of the Atlanta Jewish community? Was there a fear? Did the community really know what was happening in Germany during the war? Also were there any efforts to get people out or to protest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1946.0,1968.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think these were individual only. I don't think they were group wise. I'm sure a good many people got a good many people out, but this was a personal, individual affair.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1968.0,1983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e One question would be concerned with going back to earlier times, do you have any family documents or any documents that you're aware of dealing with the history?  I know you said that was it your grandfather your grand . . . who was in the Civil War?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1983.0,2005.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sorry, that was my maternal grandfather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2005.0,2007.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Maternal grandfather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2007.0,2008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't have a thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2008.0,2012.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . I know that you don't really recall any stories that he told, but would was there anything in your family, recounting anything in particular that he had?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2012.0,2021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not that I remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2021.0,2023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He fought for the South?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2023.0,2025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm afraid he didn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2025.0,2027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e He didn't, he fought for the North?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2027.0,2028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2028.0,2029.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e It's always nice to have a winner in your family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2029.0,2032.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm always a little wary of saying that because you run into so many professional Southerners, it makes no difference to me at all. I don't know this, but he lived in Baltimore. I think of necessity he would've fought for the North.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2032.0,2048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think Maryland was sort of, I got the impression that part did, and part didn't in Maryland, and I could be wrong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2048.0,2056.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I truly I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2056.0,2058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There are no stories from there and I assume that nothing concerning any type of prejudice or whatever that might have caused him any problems while he was serving in the army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2058.0,2069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't remember, I don't remember ever hearing of such, no. I have enormous gaps in what I remember. I recognize that myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2069.0,2083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Probably enormous gaps in what you were told too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2083.0,2086.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think that's part of it. For instance, I remember the very beginning of the Frank case. I used to slip downstairs and read the account in the paper before anybody was up for breakfast because no child was supposed to read that stuff. It was sensational and boring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2086.0,2108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you get the feeling . . . let me give an example. I don't know if this is applicable or not, but in many non-Jewish families you have people who can trace their family tree back and have all sorts of elaborate documentation and we descended from Kaiser so and so or King so and so. Did you have the feeling that your family not to talk about that or just that they weren't interested in it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2108.0,2141.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I just don't know. I know the thing that made me want to find out about it was that when I was somewhere along in college preparatory school, where we had a Bible reading every morning, the headmistress was reading one of the begat chapters. The three of us at the back of the room were talking and she stopped and closed the Bible with her finger keeping the place and said that she doubted if any of these disruptive girls could name their great grandparents. I went home and said, \"This I've got to find out.\" That started me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2141.0,2186.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Have you sort of run into dead ends perhaps in looking?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2186.0,2191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I've run into dead ends. I've made my nephew . . . I'm the last, he really is the last of an inverted pyramid. There are no more of us. I have made a very simple family tree for him just so that if he ever wants to know, there it is. Because if I didn't tell him nobody else would, didn't anybody else? Purely personal interest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2191.0,2219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was also, say when you were growing up, you didn't hear any stories about how your great-great grandfather is . . . as so many people say, not in the Jewish community, our great-great-great grandfather came across on the Mayflower or  whatever. No stories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2219.0,2235.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know the name of the boat. Their father came steerage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2235.0,2240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Then I know we have something in common.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2240.0,2243.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure we have more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2243.0,2246.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e One question I think that that people are sort of interested in if you know and you may not have had any call to get involved in this, but the relationship of the Jewish community with the black community way back if there was a black community. [phone rings, interview stops, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2246.0,2269.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know. I would guess that it was only between domestic and housekeeper, but that that's a guess. I don't know. Domestic, when I said domestic, I realized that there must have been a few who were above domestic because Grace Hamilton's grandmother was a nurse. She nursed for a Doctor Baer [sp] who at that time seemed to be the chief bringer of babies in the community. She did only baby nursing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2269.0,2307.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was he Jewish, Doctor Baer [sp]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2307.0,2308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't think so. I'm pretty sure not. She nursed Mother Gershon with a couple of her children. Grace and I have been very good friends for many years, and we found that out through some . . . I think Grace's mother asked her to which Gershon family I belonged, because her mother had nursed in a Gershon family. Mother Gershon was still living then and I asked her. She may have been an exception, but I think they weren't all domestics, that's all I'm trying to say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2308.0,2345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Is there any formal organization . . . in other words, there was no relationship between a black organization and a Jewish organization?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2345.0,2356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not as far as I know. I think that's all later come.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2356.0,2363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Here's something interesting too, and I think it gets into an area we can change a little bit. Some of the ideas that people had for questions had to do with Jewish life, family life, dating and so forth and so on. I'm going to make a guess that in the Reform community there was a much more modern or American view of things perhaps than in some of the other communities. For example, it's fairly clear that your marriage was not arranged. I assume also would your parents' marriage have been arranged?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2363.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2408.0,2409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e My grandparents on my mother's side did in fact have an arranged marriage. That would have been a foreign idea then to your people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2409.0,2423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I was growing up, I think there was very little mixing between the Jewish group that were contemporaries of mine and the non-Jewish group. Whereas in Chattanooga, I grew up with non-Jewish groups because there was such a small community and there was great gaps in age ranges. I came right in the middle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2423.0,2450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e If you were going to have any friends . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2450.0,2452.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2452.0,2453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . they couldn't have been Jewish friends. Did you get the feeling here . . . ? You visited here in in your teen years, what would have happened if one of your cousins, or whoever, or if you had gone out with someone who had not been Jewish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2453.0,2470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know, I think we never thought about it. We had what we wanted right here, and it didn't occur to us. I can't think of anybody who did, but then I knew a very small group, relatively speaking. I suppose there were a dozen girls and 15 boys.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2470.0,2492.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You sort of moved in this circle then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2492.0,2495.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right. I just don't think it ever occurred to anybody. You played with them if you were growing up, you were friendly at school, but you had your friends from Sunday school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2495.0,2510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e If you were asking friends over to visit, you would ask your Sunday school friends as opposed to your regular school friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2510.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so. I'm not sure about that, but I think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2520.0,2526.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Have you seen any change in in the type of family life that's been led over the years in the Jewish families?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2526.0,2538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it's laxer than it used to be. Certainly there's more intermarriage than there ever was before with groups that I know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2538.0,2552.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When you were, let's take teenager, because that's the time I think that most kids want to get away from home, and whatever they do, they don't want to do it with their family. Did you have Friday nights together with a family? That was just considered sort of an absolute thing that you would spend Friday nights together. What about the was there anything special on Friday night?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2552.0,2577.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e We always had the Sabbath candles which are up there now and on the Sabbath. I don't know that we had anything else special on Friday night. I know that Father would not let me have dates on Friday night. I could have dates Saturday night and Sunday night, but not on Friday night. The group that I went with in Chattanooga used to save their parties until Saturday or Sunday so I could come. It was perfectly open. I mean there was nothing hidden about this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2577.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's interesting. You didn't feel that you had to hide the fact that you couldn't go out on Friday and in fact people accommodated you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2607.0,2616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2616.0,2617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's very interesting. Do you think there was that same feeling with the people you knew in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2617.0,2623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I didn't have the experience in Atlanta, and I don't know that any of them did. Again, because they had all they wanted right there. I didn't have a Jewish group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2623.0,2634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That makes sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2634.0,2639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't recall feeling any discomfort. If I did it didn't leave a scar because I don't remember it. I kept up with some of these people. Ralph McGill among them. Until the day he died, which made it 56, which is a fairly long time to hang on to a friendship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2639.0,2664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Certainly, yes. Mr. McGill, and I understand you're a good friend, was he always the liberal, good thinking person that I think of him as being.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2664.0,2680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think he grew. I don't remember his feeling the opposite, but I'm sure he grew with experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2680.0,2691.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you ever have any experiences with after you moved to Atlanta and become prominent in the community? Any feelings that there were places like clubs you couldn't go and so forth and so on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2691.0,2704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. It's only semi occasionally that I'm invited to anything at the Piedmont Driving Club or something like that. I always feel distinctly uncomfortable. Not that anybody does anything to me, but just because I know the Jews aren't wanted. And I accept only if it's a case of somebody who would be hurt if I didn't. I don't like to do it, and I don't feel comfortable with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2704.0,2734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know anything about the history of the driving club?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2734.0,2737.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know anything about it at all except that that Jews have never been allowed and aren't wanted now. As individuals people may feel differently, but that's apparently the feeling of the club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2737.0,2751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Is there any other place that you have that you feel . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2751.0,2754.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Piedmont Driving Club and the Capital City Club are the only places that I think of at the moment. It isn't often that I have that problem but once in a while when I do, I don't like the feeling. I think I would have known it if it had been similar things earlier.  I think I would have known it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2754.0,2779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there anything; in speaking about those feelings of discomfort, one question here refers to land ownership by Jews or farming activities. Was there ever any idea that . . . [interview pauses, then resumes] the non-Jewish community in Atlanta or even in Chattanooga in the south didn't want Jews doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2779.0,2901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not that I'm aware of, it may well have been. But I'm not aware of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2901.0,2907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Here's an interesting question which really doesn't have much to do with Jewish or not Jewish, but it asked about the forms of transportation that you remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2907.0,2917.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Streetcar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2917.0,2919.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Streetcar was sort of the form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2919.0,2923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I was a teenager it was streetcars. I don't remember how old I was before people got automobiles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2923.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What about horses and that sort of thing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2930.0,2933.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Horses and carriages. We had a horse and buggy once in Chattanooga. I don't know how old I was. This was long before we had a car. I was thinking about Atlanta primarily. I just don't know when automobiles came. I can remember as a teenager going back and forth whatever was being given on the streetcar from that 14th street over to Washington or Capital Avenues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2933.0,2969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e It wasn't 14th Street sort of the end of the line? Coming north?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2969.0,2974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Just beyond it. There's an apartment house on Peachtree, just a few blocks beyond here. It's on the west side of Peachtree. That was there as long as I can remember and that was the end of the car line. Buckhead was the butt of the jokes in vaudeville because it was way out in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2974.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Out in the woods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3000.0,3002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Almost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3002.0,3003.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You mentioned Vaudeville was there. There were Vaudeville theaters in downtown Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3003.0,3009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I missed the word before theater . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3009.0,3011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there vaudeville theaters?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3011.0,3013.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, there was. There was one, I know, the Forsyth. That's all I remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3013.0,3019.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you go there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3019.0,3020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was taken there once. Were there any particular places that that people met, either Jewish people or non-Jewish people in the downtown area, eating places or drugstores back then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3020.0,3035.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Primarily Allen's Drugstore, which was on the corner of . . . I don't know whether it was Alabama and Whitehall or whether it was at Five Points, but they had chocolate ice cream sodas. Then there was a Nunnally's on the block north of that, somewhere in the middle of the block. Those are the only place that I remember meeting anybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3035.0,3066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Those were sort of a social place as well as what we now think of as drugstores, they were much more social.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3066.0,3072.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Nunnally's was an ice cream parlor, no drugs at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3072.0,3078.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You had mentioned Washington Street, I believe. Was that where the bulk of the Jewish community was in that part of town?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3078.0,3085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, around there it was Washington, Capital Avenue, some of the cross streets, out about to Georgia Avenue, I guess. I know way out Washington Street but when I first knew the Gershon family before they moved to 14th Street, they lived on Jefferson Street, just off of Washington where the streetcar turned. [indistinct 51:54] family lived just around the corner. I think they lived on Washington, just before the streetcar turned. I can think of other people that I knew who lived there and it was spread.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3085.0,3129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess you were confined by where the streetcar went.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3129.0,3135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e To a degree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3135.0,3136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Since there wasn't much other transportation. What about any political activities of Jewish people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3136.0,3145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know about any back that far. There may have been. I just don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3145.0,3151.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Certainly nothing as there has been recently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3151.0,3160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There may have been a lot of things I didn't know about. I either don't know of any or I don't recall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3160.0,3170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What about religious training in the Reform Jewish community?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3170.0,3179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know what they got here. I've heard some my contemporaries who went through Doctor Marx's Sunday school say they got very little.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3179.0,3190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e But there was a Sunday school that The Temple had?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3190.0,3193.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and The Temple had confirmation. But at that time they didn't have bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah, but they had confirmation class when you got to be about fourteen, thereabouts. In Chattanooga I was fortunate in having a very good . . . in that period, a very good rabbi and a very good teacher. I've got more than some of these here. I guess that was just good fortune that I happened to cover that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3193.0,3234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . I know my dad went to cheder in the afternoon, to Hebrew school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3234.0,3238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3238.0,3239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Nothing like that in your community? Nothing like the academies we have now. No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3239.0,3247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3247.0,3247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No. Is there anybody that you can take out of who would know a lot about the Jewish community that that you would suggest that we might interview?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3247.0,3260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I would guess that Ed Kahn knows more than anybody else. Not only the years that he's been here, but before he came, he probably knows all the way back. Ed is very frail. I don't know how he would feel about being interviewed, but I think he would know more than anybody I can think of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3260.0,3289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e One other thing too that I'd be interested in, getting back to organizations, do you recall anything about the Jewish Home when it began?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3289.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I know where it was out on Washington Street, beyond this place I was talking about, beyond Jefferson. Then the home was done away with, and the children were put in foster homes, entirely . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3300.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e This is for children, like the orphanage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3317.0,3322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3322.0,3323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was thinking of the older people too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3323.0,3325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3325.0,3326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's talk about . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3326.0,3327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e The older people, the Jewish Home is a relatively new . . . I thought you meant . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3327.0,3334.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e In those days, the older people just stayed with their families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3334.0,3339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess they did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3339.0,3340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's talk about the orphan home though because I think that's something that's interesting but not too many people, at least I certainly don't, know the history of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3340.0,3349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e All I know is that there was a there was a Jewish orphan's home just like any other orphan's home, more or less. I can't think of Mr. Wyle's first name. It was W-Y-L-E, he and his wife were the social workers who came. Before them there was the Mr. Sohn, S-O-H-N, and whether there was anybody in between or not, I'm not sure. But under the walls the home was I don't know what you call it, but the home as such was ending and the children were in foster homes. That's about all I know about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3349.0,3401.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Who in the Jewish community was concerned with the Orphan's Home? Was it the different congregations or one in particular?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3401.0,3412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I know that Armand May and Herbert Haas were very much interested. Who else I don't know, and neither one of them is living any longer. Armand May died only a few years ago. Herbert Haas died a number of years ago. Herbert Haas was the father of Joseph Haas, who you may know as an attorney. Armand May had no children and his nephew is Joseph Eichberg who is American Mills Company or something like that. I'm sure there were others later on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3412.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did the Jewish orphans come from? Do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3455.0,3458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Heaven knows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3458.0,3461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e It's sort of . . . you don't think about it too much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3461.0,3463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure they must have been children who were orphaned by illness or disaster or something you would never find, heaven forbid, a Jewish orphan born out of wedlock.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3463.0,3478.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not a chance, though.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3478.0,3479.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not a chance, not an admission at least. Do you think so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3479.0,3484.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I've certainly never heard of one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3484.0,3486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Huh?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3486.0,3487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I've never heard of one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3487.0,3488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There must have been, but I've never heard of one either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3488.0,3492.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That brings up an interesting point. Do you think that the Jewish community had a very high standards of morals? That type of thing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3492.0,3505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think they probably did. I think it got lost in the generations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3505.0,3513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there this feeling that we are Jews, so we have to be we have to be more careful or was there a feeling that our religion says you don't do things like that? Any particular reason that that you can think of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3513.0,3530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I think we probably thought we were better than.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3530.0,3534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Which is brings you know, another interesting question. We talked about politics a few minutes ago. There wasn't much evidently not much political activity in terms of people running for office openly. Was that because just a feeling that no Jew could ever win, or was it because of a feeling that Jews don't mess with politics?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3534.0,3554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know. I just don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3554.0,3561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Or was there any profession or trade that there was a feeling that Jews just didn't want to get involved in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3561.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Again I don't know. I think mostly they . . . newcomers went in with relatives and whatever was established or established a small enterprise on their own depending on what finances they could hold up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3570.0,3592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What business was your husband in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3592.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e When we married, he was with his father at Atlanta Woodenware Company which was a jobbing concern between the manufacturer and the ultimate [indistinct: 1:00:08 possibly 'shipping']. Jobbing concerns have gone out completely with improved transportation, all that sort of thing. You didn't have to have a link in the middle. Then Harry was with the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3600.0,3623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know did he feel any prejudice in the in the life insurance business or anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3623.0,3628.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not as far as I recall. I'm sure there must have been some, but I just don't recall it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3628.0,3640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Are there any publications, newspapers or I guess really either in English or a foreign language, although your family probably wouldn't have had too much interest in a foreign language paper, but any Jewish newspaper such as the Southern Israelite that the Jewish community read?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3640.0,3658.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. There was something that was published in Cincinnati, the fountainhead of all the Reform. I think it was just called the Israelite, I'm not sure, but I think that's what it was called. I don't remember having any great interest in it, but I can see in my mind's eye that what it looked like. It was old. It went back probably to Isaac M. Wise, I don't know. It went back a good many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3658.0,3696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Your family subscribed to it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3696.0,3699.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3699.0,3702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e One question I think that people are interested in but always perhaps a little bit afraid to ask in terms of they may get something more volatile than they asked for, which I don't think is going to be a problem here. The relationships between the different congregations, there appears to me that there may have been I don't know if the word proper word is competition. That may not be that may be too strong, but there seemed to be some feeling that you didn't cross certain lines, if you will. Is that true?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3702.0,3743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I think that's true. I don't know what the basis of it is. Probably it's not really . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3743.0,3751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Who was snobbing who or was everybody snobbing everybody else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3751.0,3755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Anybody was snobbing anybody that thought they could look down on what else is snobbery? There was such a complete lack of contact. It's one of those things where you wonder which came first, the chicken or the egg. As I recall it, there was practically no contact at all and this extended as far as I can recall to the rabbis as well as the congregations. Gradually there came about a much better feeling. Now there's still people who move over into their own corner. But by and large, I think the feeling is a thousand times better than it used to be. There's an openness and an exchange that never existed before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3755.0,3815.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e What were the congregations that you can remember when you first came here or first visited, either one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3815.0,3824.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I remember. In addition to The Temple, Rabbi Geffen's, now whether the AA [Ahavath Achim] was also there, I don't know, but it grew tremendously through the intervening years. I just wasn't aware of the others at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3824.0,3845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Now you mentioned Rabbi Geffen, who, of course. Is . . . everybody knows who he was. Did you have any . . . maybe I shouldn't ask did you, but did the people that you knew have any feelings about Rabbi Geffen, one way or the other?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3845.0,3867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know that I would have known it if they did. I don't know how I knew him. I knew a couple of the daughters, but I don't remember how or why. I just don't remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3867.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you know Rabbi Geffen at all or just know who he was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3896.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I only knew him superficially.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3900.0,3902.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right, he wouldn't speak English, I forgot. I think that's a cute story and we might want to get on tape that this is what we had been talking about previous to the tape and that was that I'm under the impression that Rabbi Geffen would not speak English, is that correct? In front of . . . [indistinct: 1:05:27] I just don't remember. Rabbi [indistinct: 1:05:36] Rabbi Geffen was on the Federation Board, and I was on the Federation Board. He probably didn't know me from a hole in the ground. I wasn't going to speak to him just because he was who he was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3902.0,3954.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You had respect for Rabbi Geffen, obviously. You mentioned you were on the Federation Board. When did you begin?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3954.0,3962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was on the Federation Board for 30 years and I took myself off. Because I thought that anybody who had been on that long had been squeezed dry of anything they had to give. I was on the Urban League Board for twenty years and I did the same thing at the same time with them, just got off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3962.0,3983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there any other organizations? Didn't you have some association with the YWCA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3983.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was on that board for 12 years. As a Jew, and as a Jew who never missed an opportunity to bring them something that I thought I could fit in appropriately. I don't think I made any change in anybody, but at least they had somebody for a while. Then they continued having a Jew on the board for several successive election periods and why they no longer do I don't know. I don't know anybody on the board anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3990.0,4035.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you have any feelings when you were on the board of being uncomfortable?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4035.0,4038.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I really didn't because I knew what I was going to get into. Things that might have disturbed somebody else just didn't disturb me at all because I thought I knew. These people bless you in Jesus' name as naturally as I say good morning. It isn't meant as an affront at all. Some sensitive and intelligent people realized the difference and refrained from doing it. Before I went on the board, I told Mary Kate Duskin, I don't want to come unless I come with a complete understanding that this is what I am, and this is where I belong and this is where I plan to stay. If you want me as such, fine. If you don't, it's okay by me. But I'm not going to be any different. As a member of the Y Board that I am right now. That was just clearly understood. I think I got something out of the board service, and I hope I gave something, but I don't flatter myself that I made any ethical changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4038.0,4115.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I understand you did have a bit of an influence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4115.0,4118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was on the board when some of the desegregation problems came up before the Y desegregated, the lunchroom, some of those things. I helped that fight, but if I hadn't somebody else would have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4118.0,4142.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there any other organizations that that you belonged to or on the boards of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4142.0,4147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, probably. I belonged to some statewide and south wide things like Community Georgia, Southern Conference of Human Welfare, Allan Folk School. Some of the other, and maybe some people raise their eyebrows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4147.0,4172.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yet evidently you were you are asked to join these boards, of course, so I assumed that they knew you were Jewish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4172.0,4181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e There wasn't any doubt about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4181.0,4183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You didn't feel any more than perhaps the minimal amount of discomfort. That's good. Is there anything that you would like to say for posterity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4183.0,4197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e Except I feel so inadequate, Ruth, because I feel as if I either know so little or remember so little that maybe twenty years ago, I could have given you more, but I can't today. I just really don't remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4197.0,4214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eRUTH GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You've given us a lot of information, much more than you realize. For the tapes purposes I want to thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4214.0,4220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/transcript/87244/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eREBECCA GERSHON:\u003c/strong\u003e You're so welcome, but I really . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4220.0,4224.5"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChattanooga is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee. It is located along the Tennessee River, and borders Georgia to the south. Chattanooga was a crucial city during the American Civil War, due to the multiple railroads that converge there. After the war, the railroads allowed for the city to grow into one of the Southeastern United States' largest heavy industrial hubs. Chattanooga remains a transit hub in the present day, served by multiple Interstate highways and railroad lines. Chattanooga is internationally known for the 1941 hit song \"Chattanooga Choo Choo\" by Glenn Miller and his orchestra. It is home to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC) and Chattanooga State Community College.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=44.0,64.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDarmstadt is a city and also an administrative division of the state of Hesse in Germany. It is located in the southern part of the country. Darmstadt was formerly the capital of a sovereign state, the Grand Duchy of Hesse or Hesse-Darmstadt, and its successor, the People's State of Hesse, a federal state of Germany. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=66.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil War, widely known in the United States as the “Civil War” or the “War Between the States,” was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. In January 1861, seven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, often called the “South,” grew to include 11 states, and although they claimed 13 states and additional western territories, the Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by a foreign country. The states that did not declare secession were known as the “Union” or the “North.” The war had its origin in the issue of slavery. After four years of bloody combat, which left over 600,000 Union and Confederate soldiers dead and destroyed much of the South's infrastructure, the Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring national unity and granting civil rights to freed slaves began.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=86.0,106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBaltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, as well as the 30th most populous city in the United States, with an estimated population of 593,490 in 2019. Founded in 1729, Baltimore has a long history as an important seaport.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=86.0,106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Battle of Missionary Ridge, also known as the Battle of Chattanooga, was fought on November 25, 1863, as part of the Chattanooga campaign of the American Civil War. Following the Union victory in the Battle of Lookout Mountain on November 24, Union forces in the Military Division of the Mississippi under Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant assaulted Missionary Ridge and defeated the Confederate Army of Tennessee, commanded by Gen. Braxton Bragg, forcing it to retreat to Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=86.0,106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia was founded in 1632 and was the capital of the Virginia Colony from 1699 to 1780.  It was the center of political events in Virginia leading up to the Revolutionary War. Today, the city is home to Colonial Williamsburg, a historic museum and living-history museum.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=137.0,154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDenver is the capital city of Colorado and the 19th most populous city in the United States. The Denver area was originally inhabited by various Native Americans including Apaches, Utes, Cheyennes, Comanches, and Arapahoes. The city was platted in 1858 and named for Kansas Territory Governor James W. Denver. It was incorporated in 1861 and became the consolidated city and county of Denver in 1902. It is nicknamed the “Mile High City” because of its elevation exactly one mile above sea level.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=137.0,154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDalton is a city and the county seat of Whitfield County, Georgia. Dalton is located just off Interstate 75 in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwest Georgia and is the second-largest city in northwest Georgia, after Rome. Dalton is home to many of the nation's floor-covering manufacturers, primarily those producing carpet, rugs, and vinyl flooring. It is home to the Dalton Convention Center, which showcases the Georgia Athletic Coaches' Hall of Fame and hosts a variety of events.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=156.0,173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2022, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=156.0,173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCincinnati is located on the Ohio River, in the state of Ohio. The city was incorporated in 1820 and today is the third largest city in the state.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=355.0,372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBruno Bukofzer (1876-1930) was a native of Germany. He lived in Chattanooga, Tennessee, until moving to Atlanta, where he was the hotel manager at the Terminal Hotel of Atlanta and the Terminal Hotel Macon. He married Lenore Joel in 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLenore Joel Bukofzer (1881-1965) was born in Milledgeville, Georgia, to Yoel Joel and Sophia \"Sophie\" Lederer Joel. She had three siblings: Benjamin Franklin Joel, Sr., Lyons Barnett Joel, and Maude Joel Goldsmith. She resided in Atlanta, Georgia, and was a member of The Temple and the National Council of Jewish Women. She married Bruno Bukofzer in 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Terminal Hotel was a hotel in Atlanta, Georgia. Built by Samuel M. Inman in 1906, the hotel was located at the intersection of Spring Street and Mitchell Street in the Hotel Row district of downtown. It was owned and operated by Bruno Bukofzer. It suffered two major fires during its existence, the latter of which completely destroyed the building.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=398.0,406.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Franklin Joel (1866-1937) was born in Milledgeville to Yoel Joel and Sophia \"Sophie\" Lederer Joel. He had three siblings: Lyons Barnett Joel, Lenore Joel Bukofzer, and Maude Joel Goldsmith. He moved to Atlanta and became a prominent businessman and a partner in the old Bass Dry Goods Company on Mitchell Street. He married Ella Menko in 1897, and they had three children: Josephine Joel Heyman, Benjamin Franklin \"Bubba\" Joel, Jr., and Lyons Barnett Joel II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=463.0,477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLyons Barnett Joel (1872-1933) was born in Milledgeville to Yoel Joel and Sophia \"Sophie\" Lederer Joel. He had three siblings: Benjamin Franklin Joel, Sr., Lenore Joel Bukofzer, and Maude Joel Goldsmith. In 1897, he co-founded the Bass Dry Goods Store in Atlanta, Georgia, with his brother Benjamin Franklin Joel. He was conferred the honorary title “lieutenant-governor” while serving on the staffs of two Georgia governors, Clifford Walker and Lamartine Hardman, from 1923 to 1931. He married Rachael \"Ray\" Samuels, and they had three children, Yoel Lyons Joel, Lucille Joel, and Helene Joel Heyman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=463.0,477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJosephine (Jo) Joel Heyman (1901-1993) was a Jewish civic and political activist in Atlanta. During the 1930s, she conducted night classes to teach Holocaust refugees English. When the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching expanded, she became an active member. In the 1940s she was one of five women founders of the United Nations Association of Atlanta. She and her friend, Eleanor Raoul Greene, started the DeKalb County chapter of the League of Women Voters. In the 1960s, she turned her efforts to promoting racial desegregation. She also gave years of service and leadership in the National Council of Jewish Women and Hadassah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=542.0,576.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColchester is a city in north-eastern Essex, England. Colchester occupies the site of Camulodunum, the first major city in Roman Britain and its first capital. It has been an important military base since the Roman era, with Colchester Garrison currently housing the 16th Air Assault Brigade. Attractions in and around the city include St Botolph's Priory, Colchester Zoo, and several art galleries. Colchester Castle was constructed in the eleventh century on earlier Roman foundations; it now contains a museum. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=669.0,677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBirmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands, within the wider West Midlands region, in England. It is the largest local authority district in England by population and the second-largest city in Britain. From the summer of 1940 to the spring of 1943, Birmingham was bombed heavily by the German Luftwaffe in what is known as the Birmingham Blitz. The damage done to the city's infrastructure, in addition to a deliberate policy of demolition and new building by planners, led to extensive urban regeneration in subsequent decades. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=669.0,677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBegats are genealogical lists, especially those in the Old Testament of the Bible. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=704.0,705.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Victrola was a brand of gramophone or early record player. It was produced from 1906 through 1929, when it was bought out by RCA and became the RCA Victor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=772.0,797.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry Maxwell Gershon (1897-1937) was born in Atlanta to George Gershon and Fannie Rosenbaum Gershon. He worked with his father at Atlanta Woodenware Company before becoming an executive for Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company. He married Rebecca Mathis in 1921. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=808.0,819.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=848.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=848.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Welfare Fund (JWF) is a fund that raises money to support Jewish communities. The funds were often used during times of war and displacement. In Atlanta, the JWF was merged into the Jewish Community Council in 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=863.0,880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdolf Hitler (1889-1945) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer (“leader”) of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of Nazi Germany, he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and was a central figure of the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler applied for entrance into the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, Austria twice and was twice rejected, once in 1907 and again in 1908. For the next five years, Hitler struggled to earn money by selling small paintings, mostly images of buildings and other landmarks in Vienna that he copied from postcards. By 1914, Hitler was serving in World War I and would later enter politics. In his autobiographical manifesto, Mein Kampf, Hitler claimed that his antisemitic views formed during his time as a struggling artist in Vienna. His frustrated art career became part of the myth making—by Hitler himself and by his followers—that helped drive his fateful rise to power in Germany. Hitler was drafted for Austrian military service at the beginning of World War I but turned down due to lack of fitness. After moving to Germany, he enlisted as a German soldier in the summer of 1914 and was deployed to Belgium in October. Over the next two years, Hitler served first as an infantryman and then as a private. He won two decorations for bravery, including the Iron Cross First Class and was wounded twice. He was recovering from his second injury when the war ended. Hitler loved animals in general, but his favorite were dogs and especially German Shepherds. He was known to have had several dogs during his lifetime. His ancestry has long been a source of controversy and intense speculation. Because his father was illegitimate—his father was not known—rumors existed even during his life that his paternal grandfather could be Jewish.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=913.0,942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHadassah, the Women’s Zionist Organization of America, is a volunteer service organization founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold. It currently has over 300,000 members and supporters worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=913.0,942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Dr. David Marx (1872-1962) was a long-time rabbi at the Temple in Atlanta, Georgia. A native of New Orleans, he led the congregation’s move toward the practices of Reform Judaism. He served as rabbi from 1895 to 1946. When he retired, Rabbi Jacob Rothschild took the pulpit that Rabbi Marx had held for more than half a century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=993.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBirmingham is located in the north central part of the southern state of Alabama. It is the county seat of Jefferson county and the most populous city in the state. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, the city received national and international attention. In 1963, local civil right activist Fred Shuttlesworth asked Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Conference to come to the city to help end segregation. Their effort was known as Project C (Confrontation) and specifically attacked the Jim Crow systems that existed in the city. The sit-ins and mass marches were organized and lead to 3,000 arrests, but eventually lead to desegregation in the city and helped with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Dr. King was among those arrested and jailed. During his time in jail, he wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail. Birmingham was also the site of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in 1963, which killed four young black girls.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=993.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeo Max Frank (1884-1915) was a Jewish factory superintendent in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1913, he was accused of raping and murdering one of his employees, a 13-year-old girl named Mary Phagan, whose body was found on the premises of the National Pencil Company. Frank was arrested, tried, convicted and sentenced to death for her murder. The trial was the catalyst for a great outburst of antisemitism led by the populist Tom Watson and the center of powerful class and political interests. Frank was sent to Milledgeville State Penitentiary to await his execution. Governor John M. Slaton, believing there had been a miscarriage of justice, commuted Frank’s sentence to life in prison. This enraged a group of men who styled themselves the “Knights of Mary Phagan.” They drove to the prison, kidnapped Frank from his cell and drove him to Marietta, Georgia where they lynched him. Many years later, the murderer was revealed to be Jim Conley, who had lied in the trial, pinning it on Frank instead. Frank was pardoned on March 11, 1986, although they stopped short of exonerating him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1099.0,1109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Slaton, or Jack Slaton, (1866-1955) served two non-consecutive terms as the Sixtieth Governor of Georgia. His political career was ended in 1915 after he commuted the death penalty sentence of Atlanta factory boss Leo Frank, who had been convicted for the murder of a teenage girl employee. Because of Slaton's law firm partnership with Frank’s defense counsel, claims were made that Slaton's involvement raised a conflict of interest. Soon after Slaton's action, Frank was lynched. After Slaton's term as governor ended, he and his wife left the state for a decade. Slaton later served as president of the Georgia State Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1131.0,1161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or Knights of the Ku Klux Klan today, also referred to as the KKK) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods have included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s and then died out and has come back several times, most notably in the 1920s when membership soared again, and then again in the 1960s during the civil rights era. When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past its members dressed up in white robes and pointed hoods designed to hide their identity and to terrify. It is still in existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1263.0,1285.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrank Garson (1886-1955) was an Atlanta businessman and philanthropist. He founded the Lovable Company, manufacturing lingerie and brassieres. He was born Frank Gottesman and later changed his name to Garson. Garson was active in the United Palestine Appeal, the Jewish National Fund, the Jewish Welfare Board and the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. He was also the organizer of the Jewish Home for the Aged. He married Gussie Fox in 1910, and they had a daughter and two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1297.0,1331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeon Frohsin, Sr. (1899-1973) was born in Alexander City, Alabama to Isaac and Emma Hagedorn Frohsin. He moved to Atlanta in 1923, where he joined his uncle’s clothing business, Simon and Frohsin, on Whitehall Street. He opened his own clothing store, Leon Froshin Shoppe. He was a member of the Standard Club. He married Arlene Freitag Levy, and they had a son, Leon Frohsin, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1437.0,1464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdlers was a department store located on Broughton Street in downtown Savannah, Georgia. The store was founded by Leopold Adler in 1878 and was open for 70 years until it burned down on May 20, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1437.0,1464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg (1924-2024), a native of Atlanta, Georgia, is an author of several books on Southern Jewish history. She is the widow of Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild (1911-1973) and David M. Blumberg (1911-1989), both nationally prominent Jewish figures, and the great-granddaughter of Rabbi E.B.M. \"Alphabet\" Browne, the first rabbi of the Temple in Atlanta. In 1985, she published a book entitled \u003cem\u003eOne Voice: Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild and the Troubled South.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1531.0,1567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women is an organization of volunteers and advocates, founded in the 1890's, who turn progressive ideals in advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1578.0,1589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEllis Island is an island located in New York Harbor, that is situated between New York and New Jersey. It is owned by the United States government and was the busiest immigrant inspection and processing station in the United States from 1892-1954. Today it is part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument and is now a national museum on immigration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1680.0,1820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) is a Jewish American non-profit that provides assistance to refugees. Founded in 1881, its original purpose was the help the flow of Jewish immigrants from Russia in relocating. During and after World War II, they had offices throughout Europe, South and Central America and the Far East. They worked to get Jews out of Europe and to any country that would have them by providing tickets and information about visas. After World War II, they assisted 167,000 Jews to leave DP camps and emigrate elsewhere. In 1975, the US State Department asked the organization to assist the incoming Vietnam refugees. Today, the organization continues to provide support to refugees and immigrates of all nationalities, ethnicities, and religions. The organization also works with people whose lives and freedom are believed to be at risk due to war, persecution, or violence. HIAS has offices in the United States and across Latin America, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. Since its inception, HIAS has helped resettle more than 4.5 million people.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1680.0,1820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe New York Association for New Americans (NYANA) was founded in 1949 to provide resettlement assistance to Jewish refugees. It was originally founded as a local branch of the Jewish United Service for New Americans to assist the large influxes of Holocaust survivors immigrating to the United States through New York City. In the 1950s, it served Jewish immigrants from Romania, Greece, Hungary, and Egypt, and in the 1960s, from Cuba, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. Today, NYANA has shifted its focus, now offering many services to the general immigrant population. It is estimated to have served 500,000 people during its existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1680.0,1820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta was formally incorporated in 1967 as a merger of three precursor organizations: the Atlanta Federation for Jewish Social Service (founded in 1905), the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund (founded in 1936), and the Atlanta Jewish Community Council (founded in 1945). It is a regional branch of the Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA). The Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1680.0,1820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1826.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe New World Club was a support group formed by German Jews who immigrated to Atlanta immediately prior to the outbreak of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=1826.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the Confederate States, the Confederacy, or the South, was an unrecognized breakaway republic in the Southern United States that existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. The Confederacy comprised eleven U.S. states that declared secession and warred against the United States during the American Civil War. The states were South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. With Lincoln's election as President of the United States, the southern states were convinced their slavery-based plantation economy was threatened, and began to secede from the Union. The Civil War began on April 12, 1861, when the South Carolina militia attacked Fort Sumter. After four years of heavy fighting, nearly all Confederate land and naval forces either surrendered or otherwise ceased hostilities by May 1865. Confederate President Davis's administration declared the Confederacy dissolved on May 5. After the war, during the Reconstruction era, the Confederate states were readmitted to the Congress after each ratified the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlawing slavery.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2023.0,2025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the collective Union of the states, was often referred to as the Union Army, the Federal Army, or the Northern Army. It proved essential to the restoration and preservation of the United States as a working, viable republic. The Union Army was made up of the permanent regular army of the United States, but further fortified, augmented, and strengthened by the many temporary units of dedicated volunteers, as well as including those who were drafted into service as conscripts. To this end, the Union Army fought and ultimately triumphed over the efforts of the Confederate States Army.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2027.0,2028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Mayflower was the ship that transported mostly English Puritans and Separatists, collectively known today as the Pilgrims, from a site near the Mayflower Steps in Plymouth, England, to Massachusetts, in 1620. The culmination of the voyage in the signing of the Mayflower Compact is one of the greatest moments in the story of America, providing the basis of the nation's present form of democratic self-government and fundamental freedoms.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2219.0,2235.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrace Towns Hamilton (1907-1992) was a Civil Rights activist and advisor, Georgia state representative. After work in the 1930s creating interracial programs on college campuses in Tennessee, she became president of the Atlanta Urban League in 1943, working to improve schooling, healthcare, voting rights, and housing for black Atlantans. In 1966, she became the first black woman elected to the Georgia General Assembly and held office for nearly 20 years. Later, she was advisor to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2269.0,2307.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e (Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos/Shabbes\u003c/em\u003e (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2577.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRalph Emerson McGill (1898-1969) was an American journalist, best known as an anti-segregationist editor and publisher of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper. He won a Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing in 1959. He became friends with Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson, acting as a civil rights advisor and behind-the-scenes envoy to several African nations. After his death, Ralph McGill Boulevard in Atlanta (previously Forrest Boulevard) was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2639.0,2664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Driving Club is a prestigious private social club located adjacent to Piedmont Park that was founded in 1887. New members have to be vouched for by three current members. The club prohibited Jewish and Black membership for most of its history, although today there are a few Black, Jewish, and other ethnic minority members.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2704.0,2734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Capital City Club is a private social club founded in Atlanta in 1883. It is among the oldest social organizations in the South. The Club presently operates three facilities, the oldest of which, the downtown Atlanta club. The Capital City Country Club, located in Brookhaven, was leased in 1913 and purchased in 1915. In the autumn of 2002 an additional club facility, the Crabapple Golf Club, was completed in the city of Milton, in the northern portion of Fulton County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2754.0,2779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuckhead is an area located northwest of Downtown Atlanta with gracious homes, elegant hotels, shopping centers, restaurants, and high-rise condominium and office buildings. It is a major commercial and financial center of the Southeast, and it is the third-largest business district in Atlanta, behind Downtown and Midtown.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=2974.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Forsyth Theatre was opened on April 11, 1910, at the northwest corner of Forsyth and Luckie Streets. It was located across the street from the Piedmont Theatre, which was renamed Rialto Theatre and was designed by the same architect, A. Ten Eyck Brown. The theater building was built by Asa Chandler Inc. as a Vaudeville House and was the home of Keith’s Vaudeville. From 1910 to 1917, the theater was strictly a Vaudeville house until manager Jake Wells started showing movies. During the period of 1917 to 1924, the Forsyth was one of Atlanta’s leading theaters. In 1929, the theater portion of the building was torn down, and in 1977, the entire building was demolished and replaced by a parking lot.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3013.0,3019.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Five Points” refers to the downtown area of Atlanta, considered by many to be the center of town. It was the central hub of Atlanta until the 1960s, when the economic and demographic center shifted north toward the suburbs. It was recently revitalized, mostly due to Georgia State University having a large presence in the area. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3035.0,3066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Hilliard Nunnally incorporated Nunnally Candy Company in 1893. His son, Winship Nunnally, joined the company in 1906. They sold the Nunnally's brand to Hollingsworth Candy Co. in 1932. Besides making candy, which was sold in drugstores around the south, the Nunnally Company also had a soda fountain in Atlanta where they sold their own brand of root beer, as well as other sodas and frozen treats. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3035.0,3066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: \u003cem\u003eb’nai mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on \u003cem\u003etefillin\u003c/em\u003e, and may be counted to the \u003cem\u003eminyan\u003c/em\u003e quorum for public worship. He celebrates the \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e by being called up to the reading of the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3193.0,3234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: daughter of commandments] is a rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e around age 13, the same as boys who have their \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e at that age. The \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah \u003c/em\u003egirl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3193.0,3234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003echeder\u003c/em\u003e is a traditional elementary school teaching the basics of Judaism and the Hebrew language.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3234.0,3238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdward M. Kahn (1895-1984) was an immigrant from Bialystok, Poland. He became a leader in Atlanta’s Jewish community and served as executive director of several organizations including the Jewish Educational Alliance (presently, Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta), the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, and the Atlanta Federation of Jewish Social Service (presently, Atlanta Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta), an earlier incarnation of the current Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta and the Morris Hirsch Clinic (presently, Ben Massell Dental Clinic). Mr. Kahn also became Executive Secretary of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund and of the Atlanta Jewish Community Council. He held these various positions until his retirement in 1964. Kahn was prominent in both local and national social work organizations as well as in Jewish organizations such as B’nai B’rith, the Jewish Children’s Bureau, the Jewish Home, and the Atlanta Bureau of Jewish Education. He also worked with the \u003cem\u003eSouthern Israelite\u003c/em\u003e newspaper as a writer and adviser.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3260.0,3289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Home is a nursing home in Atlanta providing short and long-term dementia, Alzheimer’s, and nursing care. Formerly the Jewish Home, it first opened in 1951 at 260 14th Street, NW, on land that had been donated by real estate developer Ben J. Massell. The Home’s growth called for a larger, updated facility, leading to the construction of a new building at 3150 Howell Mill Road, NW. The second Jewish Home opened on February 16, 1971. In 1991, it was renamed the William Breman Jewish Home to honor and recognize its third president, Bill Breman, as the prime motivator of the modern-day facility.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3289.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Orphans’ Home was located at 478 Washington Street in Atlanta, Georgia. The residence facility was open from 1876 to 1930. It was originally called the Hebrew Orphans’ Asylum and was originally an actual orphanage. In 1901, the name was changed to the Hebrew Orphans’ Home. Then its services phased into placing children in foster home care and helping with adoptions instead of an actual orphans' home, during which time it was called the Jewish Family and Children's Bureau (and another variation—Jewish Children's Services). Finally it got out of the children's institutional care business entirely. In 1988, the organization’s mission changed and it became the Jewish Educational Loan Fund (JELF) with the goal of providing low-interest post-secondary education loans for Jewish students.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3317.0,3322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArmand Wyle (1877-1959) was a pioneer in developing foster-home care for orphans. He was the Superintendent of the Hebrew Orphans Home in Atlanta and the executive director of the Jewish Orphan Home of Western New York. He was a past president of the Rochester Social Workers Club and an executive committee member of the New York State Conference of Social Work. While living in New York, he also was on the board of the Jewish Welfare Council and helped found the old Dorsey Home for Negro Children. He was a director of the Men's Club of Temple B'rith Kodesh. He was married to Viola Wyle, a social worker from Ohio. They had one child, Eleanor Wyle Ashman. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3349.0,3401.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eViola Wyle (1881-1944) was a social worker originally from Ohio. She became the Director of Case Work and her husband, Armand Wyle, became the Superintendent of the Hebrew Orphans Home in Atlanta in 1929. After the home closed in 1930, she continued to oversee the assignment of Jewish children to foster families. Viola and Armand had one child, Eleanor Wyle Ashman. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3349.0,3401.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArmand May (1882-1972) was born in Marseilles, France and resided in Atlanta from childhood. As a businessman, he was president of American Mills Company in Atlanta, a cotton mill, and American Associated Companies, a textile firm and exporter. He was appointed to the advisory committee for the Export-Import Bank of Washington in 1934, shortly after President Franklin D. Roosevelt organized it. His service on the board of Atlanta’s Hebrew Orphan’s Home and its successor, the Jewish Children’s Service, spanned 40 years from 1918 to 1958. He was president of both agencies from 1935 to 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3412.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerbert Haas (1884-1953) was born in Atlanta to Jacob C. and Caroline Haas. He was a graduate of Columbia University in New York. Haas worked as a defense attorney for Leo Frank, along with Luther Zeigler Rosser and others. He also worked as a special counsel for the City of Atlanta. He was active for many years in the Hebrew Jewish Orphans Home, now the Jewish Children's Service. He was made an honorary lifetime trustee of the home. A member of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation, he was a former vice president of the congregation. He was married to Ilma Fader Haas, and they had two children, Joseph and Carolyn Kahn.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3412.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Fader Haas (1911-2000) was born in Atlanta to Herbert and Ilma Fader Haas. He was a graduate of Harvard Law School and a prominent Atlanta attorney with Arnall Golden \u0026amp; Gregory. He was also a community leader. During the Civil Rights movement, he served as the chief legal counsel for the Voter Education Project and the Southern Regional Council. He was married to Betty Geismer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3412.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Eichberg (1906-1997) was born in Atlanta to Malvina May Eichberg and David Eichberg. He attended Boys' High School and graduated from Georgia Tech. He lived in Atlanta and New York and was President of the American Lecithin Company for over 60 years. He married Lucille Rosenfeld in 1933, and after her death in 1965, he married Florence May Eichberg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3412.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, commonly referred to as Penn Mutual, was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1847. It was the seventh mutual life insurance company chartered in the United States. Penn Mutual is headquartered in Horsham, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3600.0,3623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouthern Israelite\u003c/em\u003e, now the \u003cem\u003eAtlanta Jewish Times\u003c/em\u003e, is a newspaper with the mission to create a sense of community throughout the geographically dispersed Jewish people of greater Atlanta through the timely dissemination of local and national news; support of local synagogue, nonprofit, and cultural endeavors and events; thought-provoking dialogue and debate on current issues and Jewish ideas; and the strengthening of the bonds and understanding of Jewish culture, tradition, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3640.0,3658.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eAmerican Israelite\u003c/em\u003e is an English-language Jewish newspaper published weekly in Cincinnati, Ohio. It  was founded in 1854 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise as The Israelite and assumed its present name in 1874. It is the longest-running English-language Jewish newspaper still published in the United States and the second-longest-running Jewish newspaper in the world, after the London-based \u003cem\u003eJewish Chronicle\u003c/em\u003e (founded in 1841).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3658.0,3696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Tobias Geffen (1870-1970) was an Orthodox rabbi and leader of Congregation Shearith Israel in Atlanta from 1910-1970. He is widely known for his 1935 decision that certified Coca-Cola as kosher. He also organized the first Hebrew school in Atlanta, and standardized regulation of kosher supervision in the Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3824.0,3845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3824.0,3845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFormerly known as the ‘National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes,’ is a non-partisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African- Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3962.0,3983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe YWCA is a non-profit organization that was founded in February 10, 1858. Originally known as the Young Women’s Christian Association, today it is better known as the YWCA. The organization has long worked to empower women, girls, and communities of color. It has 215 local associations across the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=3983.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMary Kate Lewis Duskin (1895-1988) was the executive secretary of the Atlanta YWCA from 1942 to 1960. She was born in Meridian, Mississippi to Rev. Richard W. Lewis and Tommie Walker Lewis. She Lewis graduated from Maryville, Tennessee, College in 1920 and received a distinguished alumni award from Maryville College. She was a charter member and former president of the Altrusa Club of Atlanta, a former trustee of Wesley Homes; and also belonged to the League of Women Voters and the Wednesday Morning Study Club. She was a former counselor in the Senior Department, and president of the United Methodist Women chapter of Glenn Memorial United Methodist Church. She married John Emory Duskin Jr. in 1924, and they had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4038.0,4115.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891/annotation_set/2201/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Southern Conference for Human Welfare (SCHW) was an organization that sought to promote New Deal-type reforms to the South in terms of social justice, civil rights, and electoral reform. It operated from 1938 to 1948. It folded due to funding problems and allegations of Communist sympathies; its successor was the former sub-group, the Education Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/163662/file/297891#t=4147.0,4172.0"}]}]}]}