{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/ng4gm83n10/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Goldberg, Frances"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2005-07-16 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Goldberg, Frances (Interviewee)","Goldberg, Steven (Interviewer)","Hoffman, Elaine Sissy Goldberg (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Savannah Jewish Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrances Goldberg is interviewed by Steven Goldberg and Elaine Sissy Goldberg Hoffman on July 15, 2005 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eFrances Dunn Hornstein Goldberg was born in Savannah, Georgia, on March 25, 1919. She was the oldest child of Dorothy Blumenthal Hornstein (1896-1981) and Samuel Hornstein (1895-1959), who worked in real estate investment. She had one younger brother, Neal Hornstein (1924-).\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eFrances enjoyed a childhood surrounded by an extensive extended family that attended Bnai Brith Jacob synagogue, where her maternal grandfather, Charles Blumenthal, had once served as rabbi. She started kindergarten at the Jewish Educational Alliance before then attending Massie Common School, the 37th Street School, and Charles Ellis Elementary School, and 35th Street Junior High School. After school, she took music lessons and, in the summer, she enjoyed a carefree life on Tybee Island. Frances graduated from Savannah High School in 1936. She then attended the University of Illinois for two years as a music major and was a member of Sigma Delta Tau. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eIn 1940, Frances married Joseph Goldberg (1917-1980) of Chicago, Illinois. The young couple lived in Chicago near his family until their first child, Alan Goldberg, was born in 1942. They then moved to Savannah, where they began an insurance agency with the help of Frances’ father. Two more children, Elaine Sissy Goldberg Hoffman and Steven Goldberg, followed. Frances was a member of B'nai Brith Sisterhood, Women's Hebrew Aid Society, Bnos Chesed Shel Emes, and Hadassah. She died on November 21, 2015.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eFrances introduces her family and shares how they came to live in Savannah, Georgia. She shares what she knows about her family history. Frances recollects the schools she attended and neighborhoods her family lived in. She remembers her youth. Frances recalls the Jewish community of Savannah when she was a girl. She looks back on family outings. Frances explains how she travelled to college in Illinois. She describes college life. Frances remembers meeting her husband and shares more memories of college life. She talks about her engagement and wedding. Frances recounts her years in Chicago with her husband’s family. She shares memories of her husband’s business in Savannah. Frances remembers summers on Tybee Island in the 1920s. She reminisces about life in the 1930s and 1940s. Frances chronicles life during World War II. She outlines the education, careers and marriages of her children and grandchildren. Frances reviews her family’s history. She narrates anecdotes from her youth. Frances mentions the activities of different family members.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrances Goldberg is interviewed by Steven Goldberg and Elaine Sissy Goldberg Hoffman on July 15, 2005 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Dunn Hornstein Goldberg was born in Savannah, Georgia, on March 25, 1919. She was the oldest child of Dorothy Blumenthal Hornstein (1896-1981) and Samuel Hornstein (1895-1959), who worked in real estate investment. She had one younger brother, Neal Hornstein (1924-).\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eFrances enjoyed a childhood surrounded by an extensive extended family that attended Bnai Brith Jacob synagogue, where her maternal grandfather, Charles Blumenthal, had once served as rabbi. She started kindergarten at the Jewish Educational Alliance before then attending Massie Common School, the 37th Street School, and Charles Ellis Elementary School, and 35th Street Junior High School. After school, she took music lessons and, in the summer, she enjoyed a carefree life on Tybee Island. Frances graduated from Savannah High School in 1936. She then attended the University of Illinois for two years as a music major and was a member of Sigma Delta Tau.\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eIn 1940, Frances married Joseph Goldberg (1917-1980) of Chicago, Illinois. The young couple lived in Chicago near his family until their first child, Alan Goldberg, was born in 1942. They then moved to Savannah, where they began an insurance agency with the help of Frances\u0026rsquo; father. Two more children, Elaine Sissy Goldberg Hoffman and Steven Goldberg, followed. Frances was a member of B'nai Brith Sisterhood, Women's Hebrew Aid Society, Bnos Chesed Shel Emes, and Hadassah. She died on November 21, 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances introduces her family and shares how they came to live in Savannah, Georgia. She shares what she knows about her family history. Frances recollects the schools she attended and neighborhoods her family lived in. She remembers her youth. Frances recalls the Jewish community of Savannah when she was a girl. She looks back on family outings. Frances explains how she travelled to college in Illinois. She describes college life. Frances remembers meeting her husband and shares more memories of college life. She talks about her engagement and wedding. Frances recounts her years in Chicago with her husband\u0026rsquo;s family. She shares memories of her husband\u0026rsquo;s business in Savannah. Frances remembers summers on Tybee Island in the 1920s. She reminisces about life in the 1930s and 1940s. Frances chronicles life during World War II. She outlines the education, careers and marriages of her children and grandchildren. Frances reviews her family\u0026rsquo;s history. She narrates anecdotes from her youth. Frances mentions the activities of different family members.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Goldberg_Frances_.mp3"]},"duration":9382.8702,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/295/807/original/Goldberg_Frances_.mp3?1761049865","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":9382.8702,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Goldberg, Frances [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=0.0,3.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: This interview is being conducted by Steve Goldberg and Sissy Hoffman, the son and daughter of Frances Goldberg. The interview is taking place at Frances Goldberg's home on July 16, 2005, at 203 Noble Oaks Drive, Savannah, Georgia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3.0,25.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My name is Frances Hornstein Goldberg. I was named Francis Dunn, or rather, Freidl Dunn is my Hebrew name after my grandmother, my mother's ... my great-grandmother, my mother's grandmother, whose name was Annie Dunn. I [was] named after her mother, Freidl Dunn. That's my name. The date of my birth was March 25, 1919. The place of my birth was Park View Sanitarium, Savannah, Georgia. Doctor Eisman delivered me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=25.0,76.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Doctor Eisman. That would be E-I-S-M-A-N. Do you remember anything about what was going on at the time of your birth? What did you ... Any memories of your mother or father at the time of your birth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=76.0,98.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I wasn't aware until I was a little bit older of what was going on in the outside world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=98.0,104.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Do you remember who was president when you were born?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=104.0,106.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No, I don't know. When I was born, we lived on the corner of 31st and Whittaker Street, right across from Benedictine School. We were in a downstairs apartment, with a porch and a screen leading onto the porch and that was my bedroom. The streetcar ran down to Whittaker Street in front of the house. And every night they would put me in the car after supper and ride on the streetcar tracks to put me to sleep because I was a colicky baby and I needed to be put to sleep. Across the street, the Levines had a grocery store with a meat scale, where they would take me every week to get weighed. But I never did gain enough weight because my mother said her milk was like dishwater. So, they took me to Doctor A.J. Waring, who was a pediatrician, to whom nobody ever went unless you had a sick baby. And that's where they took me, to Doctor A.J. Waring. His office was in the DeRenne Apartments on Liberty Street. From then on, he was our family pediatrician all the way up to Lanny, my oldest son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=106.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: So, your mother and your father. How about your father's side? Your earliest memories of when ... Where did they come from? The Hornstein side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=211.0,221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, let's start with my mother's side. I know more about that. My mother's father and mother came from Lithuania. They were married before they came to this country. She had been married. My grandmother had been married before and had one child, Jennie, my mother's older sister. They never mentioned stepdaughters, or sons, or anything. They were just brothers and sisters. Then, when they came to this country, they went to Cleveland, Ohio, where my grandfather had a sister and they stayed there until he got a pulpit. He was a rabbi in Europe. And when they come to this county, he got a pulpit in Detroit, Michigan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=221.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: What year was this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=270.0,272.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My mother was born there in 1896, so it probably was 1895 maybe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=272.0,279.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What was his name, your grandfather?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=279.0,282.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My grandfather's name was Charles Blumenthal. My grandmother's name was Annie Blumenthal. They lived in Detroit. I don't know how many years, but they moved from there to Buffalo, New York, and that's where my mother's youngest brother, Leo, was born. She was ten years old at that time, so I guess they were in Detroit for ten years. Then, they moved to Buffalo, New York. Then, they moved to Texas, to Fort Worth, Texas, and that's where all the children grew up until they were teenagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=282.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where was your mother born?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=333.0,335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My mother was born in Detroit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=335.0,339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Say her name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=339.0,342.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Then, they moved to Buffalo and then, they came back. Then, they move to Fort Worth. That's when my mother grew up there, until she was 16 years old and the family moved to Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=342.0,355.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Your mother's name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=355.0,356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My mother's name was Dorothy Blumenthal Hornstein. When they came to Savannah, she was 16 years old. And my grandfather got a pulpit at the BB [Bnai Brith] Jacob synagogue where we still attend now. My mother and father met shortly after she came to Savannah. He was playing basketball at the Alliance, which is now called the JEA, Jewish Education Alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=356.0,394.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: This was what year?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=394.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: She was 16, 1896.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=396.0,399.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Eighteen ninety-six.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=399.0,399.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Fifteen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=399.0,400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: So, tell us what you remember about your father's family history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=400.0,407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My father's family history. My father's, I know very little about them. All I know is that my grandfather, my father's father, came to this country in the 1890s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=407.0,423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What was his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=423.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: His name was Julius Hornstein, his name. He was from Lutz, Austria and he came because all the Jewish boys were being drafted into the ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=424.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Tsar?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=438.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Not the Tsar, I'm forgetting what they called it at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=441.0,444.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Russian Army?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=444.0,446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Austrian Army. And his father and his father's brother [or] his cousin got their two sons together and they got enough money together to buy passage for them to come to America, so that they would escape going into the army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=446.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Do you remember how much the passage was? Did they tell you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=465.0,471.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No. They got to the port where they were going to get on the boat and come to America, and my grandfather's cousin said, \"Everybody here is rich. We should stay here and make a lot of money.\" And my grandfather said, \"Nope. Papa said we should go to America and make our life for ourselves there.\" So, the brother said, \"Well, I'm staying here.\" So, he did, and my grandfather got on the boat and came to New York. When he came to New York, the Hebrew Immigrant Society--this was before Ellis Island ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=471.0,513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: So, about what year was this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=513.0,517.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: 1891, maybe 1892. I don't think it was that far because Grandpa was born in 1895, four or five ... Not 1894. They came to this country, and the Hebrew Immigrant Society met them at the port of disembarkation outside of New York and gave all the Jewish boys a little bit of cash and a pushcart, where they could sell things around there just to make a living, and found them a place to live. So, my grandfather moved into the boarding house that they had assigned to him. There, he met Reuben Horovitz and the two of them became friends. They would go. Every Friday night, they would to somebody's house for Friday night supper. Somebody in the neighborhood would have all the immigrant boys come. And one night, the lady who was giving them dinner said to them, \"When you come next week, I'm going to have two girls for you to meet.\" So, the next week they came, and they had two girls there, and it was my grandmother and her sister. My grandmother's name was Rachel and her sister's name was Muncie. So, the lady said to my grandfather, \"Muncie is for you and Rachel is for Reuben.\" He says, \"I don't want her, I want the other one,\" so he married Rachel. After they got [married], he decided that he wanted to go someplace where it was cold and it was too noisy in New York. He wanted to get outside of the city. Reuben Horovitz was going to Savannah because he had family there and my grandfather said, \"Well, we'll be all alone.\" He says, \"But I'll go there for a while. We will see how we like it.\" So, they went to Utica, New York and that's where the oldest son, Izzy, and Aunt Lillie were born. Then, they moved. My grandmother says, \"It's too cold here,\" so they moved to Redding, Pennsylvania and that's where my father was born. And then she said, \"This is enough. I want to go south where my sister is.\" So, the next year they moved to Savannah and that was where the rest of the family was born. My father was two years old when they came to Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=517.0,682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Which was about what year?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=682.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: 1896.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=685.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: And his name is ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=687.0,689.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Samuel Hornstein, Sam Hornstein, and his Hebrew name was Sheva. They moved into a house that was near the [Savannah River], near the port because the Spanish-American War was going on and the soldiers were leaving from the port. They knew they could make a living selling odds and ends to the soldiers. So, they rented a house with a store downstairs and a living quarters upstairs. The family moved in upstairs, and they opened a grocery store on the ground floor. My grandmother, Rachel, ran the store and my grandfather took his cart and went down to the riverfront and sold things to the soldiers--either home baked things, or pins, and needle. Whatever they needed, they would bring. They'd say, \"Bring me so and so.\" Then, the next week they'd bring it back to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=689.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: On Bay Street?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=752.0,753.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: On Bay Street, which was just a block from the river.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=753.0,757.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Bay Street is approximately where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=757.0,758.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: It's where the post office is now. The grocery store was just opposite where the Post Office is now, on Bay, right between, near Farm Street, on the other side of West Broad Street and Ann [Street]. Then, they would take all their stuff down to the riverfront and sell it to the soldiers every time they knew that the ships were departing. At the end of the month ... He became friends. They immediately found the synagogue as soon as they got here, BB Jacob synagogue. He made friends with Mr. Mersky, who had a horse and buggy and he was also selling to the soldiers like my grandfather was. At the end of every month, they would go to what is now Daffin Park. It was Estill Avenue at that time. That's where the soldiers had their encampments and that was where the paymaster was. They would take the script [military currency] that the soldiers had given them and cash them in once a month. He would get a ride out there with Mr. Mersky in his horse and buggy, and then they would come back to Bay Street afterwards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=758.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Any idea how much the scripts were worth at that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=829.0,835.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Let me see. They were all living over the store. My father and mother met when they were 16, 17 years old at the Alliance and they got married. Of course, everything, all the Jewish life centered around the JEA at that time, the Alliance because that's where the immigrant families met. The newly arrived ones and the ones that had been there for a while would help the others get along. If you didn't have a place to sleep, you would go to the Alliance and take a shower, and somebody would give you a place to sleep at night or something to eat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=835.0,885.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: That's the old Alliance on ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=885.0,886.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: That's the old Alliance on Barnard [Street] and Charlton [Street]. And let me see then what happened. Then after, my mother and father got married. They were married in the Alliance. My grandfather married them, and he had gone back to Texas because he was not making a suitable living for his family. And he left my grandmother and the younger children here and went to Texas with his older boys to live, to see if he could find a home for them there. And then my mother and father got married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=886.0,929.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Where did they live?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=929.0,931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, that's where we lived on 31st and Whittaker Street, and that's when I was born there. I was born at the Park View Sanitarium and they brought me back here when I was a baby.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=931.0,943.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Which is the old AA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=943.0,946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: It was the old AA where the hospital was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=946.0,949.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: The old AA synagogue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=949.0,952.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Then, when I was four years old and I was going to kindergarten, kindergarten was at the JEA, the Alliance, the old Alliance on Charlton and Barnard Street. So, we moved down to Gordon Street to be close enough that somebody could walk me to kindergarten. We lived in an apartment building that was owned by--we called her 'Grandma Levy'--Mrs. Levy, who had two daughters, Sophie and Ray. It was a three-story apartment building. Mrs. Levy lived on the first floor, we lived on the second floor, and the Maddens lived on third floor, Alex and Sadie Madden. When I was four years old, I started kindergarten, and somebody would walk me. I don't remember who, but somebody would walk me to the Alliance every morning and then they'd come and get me at 12 o'clock to take me home again. It's just a few blocks. It's around one square and then the other, you know. Everybody walked in those days. Nobody used the car for anything except unless it was really urgent. And then, the Maddens had a child, Adele, who was a year younger than I am. When she was four years old, we both went to kindergarten together. We would walk down Ball Street, and we'd come to the old Solomon Building, which is now owned by SCAD, which is the tea room there now. And every time we got to that corner, Adele would say, \"It's so cold on this corner because this is where they make ice cream.\" Our teacher at the kindergarten was Ms. Amram, who was there before my aunt, Sauchie Blumenthal, became a teacher. And that's where ... That was the beginning of all the social life and [where] my crowd was. Izzy Kopp was there, and just almost everybody my age was there. After my brother was born and I was five years old, they started looking around for a place for me to go to school. So, they decided that I would go to the first grade at Massie School, which was right down there on the street, on Gordon Street and Abercorn, from where we were living.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=952.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What's your brother's name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1110.0,1112.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My brother was born in 1924, and the name was Neal Hornstein. He was a baby. Until he was ... Let's see, when I was six years old, I went to Massie School, and I went there for a year. And by that time, a lot of Jewish people were moving south. So, we moved to 601 West 37th Street, which is Boroughs and 37th. It's one block west of West Broad Street. All the Jewish people were moving to 35th, 36th, 37th street at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1112.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: You want some water?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1158.0,1161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I'm all right. I went to school through the sixth grade at 38th Street School, which was several blocks up the street. My cousin, Albert Hornstein, lived right down the next block from me, and we would walk to school together every morning and come back in the afternoon. Then, my cousins moved. Bernice and Gladys Trace had lived upstairs on the store with their mother, Aunt Lillie Hornstein Trace, with my grandmother. Then, my father told his parents that it was time for them to move off of Bay Street and move out south, because the children should be in a better neighborhood. So, they said, \"Well, design a house for us, and we'll move.\" So, he went out to 37th Street, where everybody was living then. They bought a lot on 37th and Jefferson [Street], because it was catty-corner from 38th Street School, and it was easy for the children to walk to school there because 38th Street School was on the corner of 38th and Jefferson. So, we were right down the street from the school. We went to school at 38th Street School until the sixth grade, and then my brother was starting school then. He was in the first grade. So, my father said, \"We'll have to go somewhere where they're going to build a new school for the children.\" So, we moved to 46th Street, because 49th Street School, which is now Charles Ellis, was brand new. I was in the seventh grade and my brother was in first grade. So, I went to school there for two years. Every day, I would walk to school with him in the morning, and then I'd walk home with him the afternoon, and we would pass by the place where Savannah High School is now, which is now the Savannah Arts Academy. It was just a shell of a building because it had been ... It was being built to be a hotel, and during the Depression in the 1930s, they ran out of money, so there was nothing left there but the steel frame. Every day, we'd pass by there and my brother would say, \"Who's in there?\" And I'd say, \"Don't be scared. There's nobody in there.\" And then, I'd walk him from 47th down to 46th, where we lived, and that was the end of my responsibility for him for the day. Let's see. What did I do in the afternoons? Well, in the afternoon, even before we moved out there, when we were living on 37th Street, I would go to music lessons in the afternoon with Ms. Hackney, who lived in the Graham Apartments on the corner of State and Abercorn Street. Well, when we lived at 37th just beyond West Broad, I would walk over to Barnard Street in the afternoon. When I came home from school in the afternoon, we would have lunch at two o'clock. My father came home for lunch every day at two o' clock, and that's when everybody ate lunch. At three o' clock, I'd walk down to Barnard Street and catch the A and B Belt streetcar, which was Abercorn and Barnard. I had tokens. My father bought me tokens every week to take the streetcar. I would take the Barnard Street streetcar to 40th and Whitaker [Street], and I would change there to the Abercorn. That was the A and B Belt, Abercorn and Barnard. So, I'd get off of one streetcar and get on the other, and then we would go down Abercorn all the way downtown. After a while, when the streetcars were not there anymore, then we took the bus. It was still the A and B Belt from the bus, but the streetcar was there for a long time because I remember taking Lanny to--Lanny, who was born in 1942--taking him to [unintelligible] on the streetcar, and it was still running then. But at that time, we were still taking the streetcar, and then after a while, we took the bus. Then, after we moved to 46th Street, and my brother was in the second, third grade, and I was going to start junior high because Charles Ellis 49th Street school, ran through the seventh. When I was gonna start eighth grade, I went to 35th Street School, which was a junior high at that time. It was later called ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Richard Arnold?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1470.0,1471.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Richard Arnold School, and I was in the accelerated group, so I skipped eighth grade and went into the ninth grade there. I stayed there for like a year and a half, and then I went to ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1471.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What did you study there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1487.0,1488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I had French, English, Latin, math and science, biology. Then, we moved. Then, we had to move again to make it more convenient for schools. We moved to 37th right off of Drayton Street, where my brother could go to 37th Street School at Habersham [Street] and 37th, and I could walk to school downtown every day. That's what we did every day. Three or four of us who were in the same class would meet on the corner of 37th and Bull Street, and we'd walk downtown to high school on the corners of Oglethorpe and Bull Streets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1488.0,1528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Do you remember the people you walked with?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1528.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Gracie Wilensky, and Roxy Kaplan, and Mitzi Saul, and I had the same teachers everybody had at that time. Jerry Eisenberg taught math. We had teachers who'd been there for years, and years, and years. The two Ms. Furses ... Miss Margaret Furse who taught English, she was really mean. All the Jewish kids would have to come to see her every time we had a Jewish holiday, to show her that we were dressed up to go to synagogue, otherwise we got a zero for the day. So, we would have to stop by the school on the way to synagogue to prove we were going. And her sister, Julia Furse, taught history because she remembered everything about the Civil War, but it was called 'War Between the States' then. She would tell us how she sat on the porch, and the soldiers would come up and wave at them when they were going to war, and she would cry because she didn't have a boyfriend. Neither one of them ever got married, so they did a lot of crying. Margaret never cried. She just was mean. She really was, but she was a good teacher. I still remember what she taught.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1530.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Like what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1612.0,1613.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: All the rules of grammar, and \"I\" before \"E,\" and all that kind of stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1613.0,1618.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did you have a lot of homework?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1618.0,1619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, yes, we always had a lot of homework. When we went ... At lunchtime every day, there was a basement where we had lunch. And they would have sandwiches wrapped in a paper bag, a little plastic bag. Not plastic; it was just a wax paper bag, I guess. Jeannie Eichholz every day would blow up the bag and pop it and every day she'd get sent to detention for that. And Irving ... Harold Gottlieb was selling sweet rolls from Gottlieb's. He would bring trays of sweet rolls, and we would buy them like two for a nickel or something like that, to eat with our lunch. And we always got a ride home from school because, at two o'clock, when school was out, the fathers were always going home for lunch, so we got a ride home. We didn't have to walk home. Then, the afternoons we all did various things. We did ... I went to music lessons, some of them went to Hebrew school, but my mother didn't believe in Hebrew school because her father was a rabbi, and she didn't think girls needed to go to Hebrew School. She was a rebellious rabbi's daughter. On Saturday, everybody got together, and we all did something together. We either went to the movies or ... And Sunday morning everybody went to Sunday School at the synagogue, BB Jacob. After Sunday School, I would go walk with my cousins, Bernice Trace and Albert Hornstein. We would walk over to the store on Bay Street because, even after our fathers all grew up, and were married, and had families of their own, they still had to come to work at the family store on Sunday morning. So, all the children would come there, and we would have lunch there. This was upstairs from the store. The kitchen had a long table that would seat maybe 30 people. At the end of the kitchen was a big black stove and it was there until they moved to 37th Street. They never got another one. It was a wood-burning stove, and it had a big oven across the top that my grandmother baked bread in every Friday. Long before then, she complained that it was such a waste not to heat water with all the heat that they were getting. But she got my grandfather to get some men to build ... There was a little bathroom in back of the kitchen and it had a flush toilet that you pulled the chain, and the water was up above you. But nobody else in that neighborhood had toilets yet, so that was very far. She wanted a hot water heater, so they built a room for a tank to be heated from the stove. And when she baked bread on Friday, she would have a big tank full of hot water, and everybody in the neighborhood would come over, and take a bath. Either that or they went to the mikvah from the synagogue to take a bath. Nobody had bathrooms in those days. So, all the Jewish families were living in that neighborhood across the street. The Chernoffs had a store on the corner, and the Ginsbergs, and the Foxes. The Siegels were up ... the store up farther or ... I really didn't know them because we didn't live down there. That's where they lived. What is now I-16, down below that, was called Frogtown. That's where the Siegels had a grocery store there and a lot of other people. I probably don't remember their names because I didn't know them. So, that was Sunday. Oh, and then after Sunday dinner, we all ate dinner. Grandma had a big dinner for everybody. After dinner, all the grown-ups would stretch out and go to sleep and the kids would all go down the street to the canal, which is where the viaduct is now, over the street. The black people had a baptism every Sunday, and we would go down there, and watch them march down to the river, and get baptized, dunk them in the river, and bring them out again, and sing, and everything. Of course, we knew all the black people because they grew up with the Hornstein family. My grandmother always had ... There was one family, the Haywood family, and the mother was Irene. She had about seven children, and they were all the same ages as the Hornstein children. So, there was always one of them in Grandma's house. The oldest one, Thomas, was Grandma's personal chauffeur because as soon as they accumulated some money, Grandma saw that they had a limousine. It was a big Buick, and it had what they called eisenglass windows, I guess like cellophane in those days, and they'd hook on. It was wide open except for when the weather was bad, then they would ... When Grandma got in the car, Thomas would hook them up because she didn't like the draft on her. So, Grandma would sit in the back seat with a big rug, a bear rug with two glass eyes. And there were two jump seats in the middle and on the back of the front seat. She would tell Thomas to go get a board, and put it across the seats, and she'd take all the grandchildren for a ride. So, every Sunday after dinner, she would take us for a drive in the car to Solomon's Drugstore--where Adele said it was so cold--and we would have a cup of happiness. And Grandma says, \"Now, this is a real treat because this costs ten cents and the other ice cream I buy for you is usually a nickel.\" So, a cup a happiness with a little cone cup, with a couple scoops of ice cream, and whipped cream, and a cherry. That was a cup of happiness. Then, after we left Solomon's, we would go out, ride all the way out in the country to Montgomery Crossroads, now where the new Walmart is. We would stop out there because there was an Indian woman. We thought she was black, but I think she was part Indian. Everybody called her Auntie Mina. We'd go out there. If you threw pennies, she would stand on her head, and as long as somebody threw pennies, she stood on her head. And they were selling chinkapins [acorns from a chinkapin oak tree], which was like a little acorn, a very sweet little acorn. We'd get a bag full of chinkapins for a nickel, and Grandma would get everybody, maybe one to each person. Then, we would ride back to town. I didn't connect the distance at the time, but right down the street was Sandfly Station, which was a little seat, a covered seat, like a little house all bricked in, which ran along the railroad track, the streetcar track. Every so often, my grandmother had two cows named Pearl and Lillie after her two daughters. They were in the yard downstairs underneath the kitchen. And every so often, the cows would run away. They would get up to the railroad track, the streetcar tracks on West Broad Street, and follow it all the way out to Sandfly. And somebody would call the store and say, \"Mr. Hornstein, your cows are here again.\" They'd send my father out there because he was the only one that was dependable. They could depend on him bringing the cows home. So, he would take the streetcar out there and walk all the way back with the cows to Bay Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did you ever go with him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2122.0,2124.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No, that was before I was born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2124.0,2129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What did they do with the cows? Did they use the milk?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2129.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Yeah, they milked them. They had fresh milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2132.0,2143.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Okay, this ends the first tape, side A. We'll fast forward to the end of this tape to start side B.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2143.0,2821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: One side B.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2821.0,2824.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Stop when you want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2824.0,2826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Okay, so I graduated Savannah High School in 1936 from the old auditorium downtown. After, I left high school, and I was going to college. If you were Jewish in Savannah, you immediately got recruited either by the people who were going to the University of Georgia [in Athens, Georgia], or by Ida Slotin, who went to [University of] Illinois [in Champaign, Illinois]. So, they told my mother, she told my mom they had a wonderful music program in Illinois, so I should go there because I played the piano. So, I applied, and that's where I went. It was very expensive to go there, not just for the tuition, which was $60 a year for out-of-state students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2826.0,2881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Oh, my G-d.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2881.0,2883.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I went to the music school, which I hated, because you walked into the ... That's all it was, was music school. I never saw the rest of the campus. So, at the end of the year, I came home, and I said to my father, \"I'm not going back to music school.\" And he said, \"Well, what are you going to do when you get out of college?\" I said, \"I don't know, but I'm not going to play the piano.\" Because every time I walked down the halls of the music school, all I heard was ye-de, ye-de, da-dah, and bang, bang, bang. I wanted to see what was going on in the rest of the world. So, he says, \"All right, one more year and that's it.\" Okay. So, this was 1936, 37, 38.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2883.0,2927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How did you get to the school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2927.0,2928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I went to school on the train. We would take the Central of Georgia from the station on West Broad Street. We would leave there. I think the train left like 10 o'clock at night. We would travel all night and get to Atlanta in the morning. When we got to Atlanta, Marilyn Romm's mother would come meet us. Marilyn was at school at Illinois. Rosalie Romm would come meet us with the car and take us to the other station, which was, I think, Louisville [Kentucky] and Nashville [Tennessee] station, which hooked up with the Central of Georgia, which in turn hooked up with the Illinois Central, which would eventually get us to Illinois. So, she would pick us up in the morning and ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2928.0,2979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Was somebody with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2979.0,2981.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Miriam Slotin and I went together. It was just Miriam and me that year. The year before, Genie Bermen had gone, and before her was Ida and Dolly Fein, who went to Illinois, and ... I don't know, somebody else. We would go. She would take us to the train. We'd get on the train again with all our luggage, which was a lot. Everybody had a trunk and at least four big heavy pieces of luggage because you took everything because you weren't coming home for a year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2981.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What did you wear on the train?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3021.0,3023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: On the train, you had to get dressed up. Everybody had a new suit to wear on a train, and hats, and gloves, and everything. So, we went from Savannah to Atlanta. In Atlanta, we had to go transfer stations, and we got on the train again, and the next morning, we got in Champaign [Illinois]. In the middle of the night, the trains had transferred again somewhere along the way. They would drop off our car, and the car would wait there until another engine came along, and hooked us up to the IC, the Illinois Central. That's the way. That's why it took so long to get any place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3023.0,3064.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did you have a sleeper car?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3064.0,3066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Yes, we were in the Pullman. Nobody ever slept. I mean, it was bumpy, and it wasn't air conditioned. The windows were open. You got cinders in your eyes and stuff like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3066.0,3077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did they serve food in the dining room?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3077.0,3078.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: They had wonderful food. We stayed in the dining room the whole time. We had three meals a day on the train, and you had wonderful service with the porters there and everything. That was before integration. When we got to school and got off ... As soon as you got to the school, you were met at the station by all the sororities and fraternities for rush. Everybody rushed you off to a boarding house because you couldn't stay in the sorority until you were initiated or rushed, now pledged. So, we stayed in a boardinghouse, which was a real dump, real dumps the boarding houses, where they had like ten bedrooms and one bathroom. And we were rushed. We went from house to house. Everybody tried to show you the best of their places and we finally decided. Of course, we knew before we left Savannah, we were going to be [Sigma Delta Tau] because that's what Ida was. Then, when we pledged and we went to the sorority house. Then, we were pledges, and you weren't so popular after that. You get all the work. You did all the nasty work. And the pledges had to share a room with a member but only share the room. Everybody had to sleep upstairs on the sleeping porch. In the wintertime, the snow came in through the screens, and it would pile up against the beds, which were double bunks. It was cold, upper and lower. It was freezing. All the Southern girls were told before we came there, \"Be sure you bring warm pajamas.\" But you couldn't buy warm pajamas like that in Savannah, so we had to wait till we got there. Everybody told us where to buy Dr. Denton's, which was wool pajamas with feet. And that's what we wore. We wore that, and a wool robe, and two or three blankets, and a quilt. Then, you snuggled up under all that to get out of the cold. It was so cold. When the alarm, the morning bell went off, where you had to get up and go to class or whatever, you'd have to rush across the cold floor to the bathroom. It was really cold. You weren't allowed to sleep in the rooms because of fire regulations. Then, we'd go downstairs and eat breakfast. Of course, you'd eat anything that was hot, even though it didn't taste good, and nothing ever tasted good, but we did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3078.0,3242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Is that when you started drinking coffee?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3242.0,3244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I guess so. But we didn't drink just coffee. They had cafe au lait, and there was an art to making cafe au lait. They served you a cup of coffee and a pitcher of cream, and you would pour the cream into the spoon and mix the coffee very slowly so that it turned just the right color, which was cafe au lait. Every time they served food, like northern squash, they called it, which was really nasty. There was dark green on the outside. They weren't squash like we were used to squash, yellow squash. So, the Southern girls, we were assigned tables in the dining room at the sorority house. The Southern girls tried to get together, and every time they had something we didn't like, we'd pass them all around to the person who was at the head of the table, and she would put it on the floor, because you had to eat everything they served you. So, of course, everybody stayed hungry all the time, because nobody ever ate the food there. So, the best thing you could do was to raid the iceboxes at night. After the cook had gone to bed and the house mother was locked in her room, we would go down in the kitchen. There were tremendous iceboxes, but they had great big doors on hinges, and everybody says, \"Well, we have to ... I don't know how to take the door, how to get the door.\" \"Well,\" I said, \"get me a screwdriver and I'll show you how.\" So, I unscrewed the hinge from the back, and we opened it from that end. One night when we were raiding the icebox, I get a call. When you had a long-distance call, they would yell up and through all the halls, \"So-and-so, long-distance!\" So, one night we're down in the kitchen, and I'm there with the screwdriver in my hand, and I hear, \"Franny Hornstein, long distance!\" I said, \"Oh, my G-d,\" because nobody ever called long distance unless it was a real emergency in those days. So, I ran upstairs, and answered the phone, and it was Uncle Maxie. He says, \"We got a girl! We've got a girl!\" I was 18 years old, so Roslyn was born when I was in college, my cousin, Roslyn Hornstein, Reva. I was at school for two years, and my second year, I met my husband-to-be. I went to ... We had exchange luncheons with the Jewish fraternities on Wednesday and Saturdays. So, one Wednesday night I went to the [Sigma Alpha Mu] house. I wasn't crazy about going because I didn't like blind dates, but I went, and when I got there, the president of the house said to me, \"Would you like to sit at my table?\" And I said, \"Okay.\" So, I sat down at the table, and he said, \"We're having steak.\" I said, \"Everybody?\" He said, \"No, just us.\" He said, \"How do you like your steak?\" I said, \"Medium.\" He said, \"Okay.\" He told the waiter, \"Two mediums,\" so he brought us back two steaks. Everybody else, I think, had hamburgers. But he was the head of the house, so we ate what we wanted. So, of course, that was Joe Goldberg. And from then on, we dated every Friday. Well, we had school all week and we had hours where you had to be in at night. You had to be in at 10 o'clock during the week, and 12 o' clock on the weekends, unless there was an inter-fraternity dance. IF Dances [were] almost every weekend. You could be in it at one at that time. If you weren't in then, the doors were locked, and you couldn't get in, except some of the girls knew how to climb up onto the second floor and get through the screen windows, so that the house mother wouldn't see them and catch them getting in. Of course, I never did that. Then we would ... We would go to school Monday through Friday, and then, Friday night and Saturday night, we could go out. We had late nights those nights. Friday night, we would go out and usually have dinner at the [Sigma Alpha Mu] house because food was much better than ours was. Then, we'd come and walk back to my sorority house. On Saturday night, there was always a dance with big bands like Hal Kemp, and Sheffields, and all the big names, and the Darcys, and the Crosbys, all of them. We would go to the dance at eight o'clock, and dance until 12 o' clock, and then we'd go get something to eat from 12 to one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3244.0,3525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did you have a dance card?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3525.0,3526.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No, just you danced with the person you came with. We didn't share dances. Everybody would rush to leave at a quarter to one, because you could only go by cab. We weren't allowed to have cars at school. So, at a quarter to one, we would dash back to the sorority house to make sure we got in before the door was locked. I was there. I took Joe's fraternity pin the second year and my father said, \"Well, I guess you'll be getting married, so you don't need to go back to college anymore.\" So, I came home and I cried, and cried, and cried because I couldn't go back school. Then, Gladys was going. Gladys Trace was going up to school. She's two years younger than I am. So, she went to Illinois, because I told her to go to Illinois.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3526.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Tell how you got your laundry done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3573.0,3575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, when we had our laundry done, they had laundry cases, which was like a heavy cardboard box with straps all the way around it. Once a week, I would put all my dirty clothes in it, and give it, and take it down to the train station, and it had a label on it to take it back to Savannah and send it home. Then, if I would do it on a Monday, and next Monday, my clean clothes came back. When my clean clothes come back, then I would take it home, and empty it out, and put my dirty clothes in, and bring it back on the next train. So, every week, we sent our clothes home to be washed. Somebody said to me, \"Why didn't you have them done at school?\" I said, \"I don't know. Nobody did. Everybody sent their clothes home to be washed.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3575.0,3625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How much did it cost to send it home?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3625.0,3625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I think 35 cents, something like that. So, I finished two years of college, and I came home, and I cried for two more years. Then, I got married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3625.0,3641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did you see Daddy while he was up there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3641.0,3644.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, he graduated the following ... He graduated in January, I think. So, of course, he came here every six weeks or so. He would show up here just in time to go to Johnny Harris' to get a lamb sandwich for a quarter and a Nehi, a great Nehi for a nickel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3644.0,3668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did Grandpa go up there to meet him when you took the pin?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3668.0,3669.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, yes, when I took his pin, I took his pin on a Wednesday. And on Friday morning, I got a wire from my grandfather, \"We'll arrive Sunday morning by train,\" He was in Texas and I'm thinking, \"How's he going to get here?\" But \"Sunday morning,\" he said, \"meet me at train at such and such a time.\" So, Joe and I went down. \"With Joe,\" he says, so we went down to the station. I looked at Joe, and G-d, he was awful looking because he had been up all night studying because they had had some kind of exam. He was in engineering school, and he was supposed to have been working in the furnaces that night, and he hadn't any sleep. I think when he got through working at school, he got into a card game. So, he hadn't been to bed yet. He had a full-growth beard, which people didn't have in those days, and the same clothes he'd had on the day before, so I know he hadn't been home yet. I said, \"Oh, G-d, when my grandfather sees him, he'll never let me marry him.\" In those days, you didn't get married to somebody the family did not approve of. So, he got off. When I saw him coming, I waved to him and I said, \"Hey, Grandpa!\" You couldn't miss him because he was a tiny little man with a great big Stetson from Texas. You know, like Texas people wear. He saw me and he waved. You could see his blue eyes. Even at the distance, you could see his sparkly blue eyes. I say to Joe, \"There's Grandpa.\" He said, \"Oh, I love him,\" and he ran up to him, and they threw their arms around each other. I didn't have anything to worry about from then on. So, then he spent ... He had been ... I said, \"How did you get here so soon?\" He said, \"I got to Chicago. I got to a Chicago in time for Shabbos Friday, so I could see his family.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3669.0,3788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: He had already seen his family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3788.0,3789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: He had already seen his family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3789.0,3790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Oh, my G-d.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3790.0,3791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: And then he came to ... He had investigated the family. Then, he came to the school and he met everybody in our sorority house to make sure I could finish the rest of the year there. He says, \"Bless you, my children,\" and he kissed us, and he left. And he said, \"I'll see you at the wedding.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3791.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: He had an accent?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3810.0,3811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3811.0,3811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: He didn't?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3811.0,3813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Never had an accent, never spoke Yiddish. So ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3813.0,3821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What did people call him? Rabbi? Rabbi Blumenthal?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3821.0,3822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Rabbi. That's all. So, that's the next time I saw him. It was at my wedding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3822.0,3831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Which was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3831.0,3831.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Which was at 711 East 44th Street upstairs in my mother's living room. And Fanny Eisenberg played the piano.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3831.0,3841.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: When? October?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3841.0,3842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: October the 8th, 1940. That's where ... Then, we moved back to Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3842.0,3854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Who made your dress?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3854.0,3854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, Stella Gordon made my dress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3854.0,3858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What kind of flowers? Delphiniums? Roses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3858.0,3862.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I had all white flowers and a few blue delphiniums. And my clothes were from Morris Levy's. It's all written up, if you want to look it up in the Savannah newspaper: October the 8th, 1940.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3862.0,3876.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where did you go on your honeymoon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3876.0,3878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: We went to New Orleans [Louisianna] on our honeymoon because Joe was selling wall washing machines. Because when he graduated from engineering school, his father bought an engineering company so that he could have a job. The only thing engineered about it was that he had somebody make wall washing machines. It was two aluminum tanks with two hoses to it and you held one hose in each hand. One you wash with and one you rinse with. The man that he bought the business from had done lots of business with government buildings, and hospitals, and places that had lots of walls. He figured that was a good job for Joe because he was an athlete, and he had good, strong wrists, and he was a engineer. The name of the business was K Engineering. So, he bought it. That's all he lived for was to send his boys to college and to put them in business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3878.0,3937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What was his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3937.0,3937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: His name was Philip Goldberg. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. I don't know where his family came from. He never told me. But when they came to Chicago, his father bought an apartment building that was three stories high with six apartments, three on each side, so that he and his wife could live in one and all his children could live in the others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3937.0,3962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Is that on Green Street?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3962.0,3964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Yes, near 63rd and Halsted, which is where they always lived. The only thing that Joe's grandfather ever did then was to buy a movie house because one of his sons said that that was gonna be the going thing in America. So, he bought a movie house. One of the brothers, Dave--I don't think you ever met him--ran that. The other two, Joe's father and his brother, Sam, Sam and Philip went into the junk business, which meant that they had a horse and buggy and they drove up and down the streets collecting junk, metal and whatever. We would say to them, \"Where did you find the metal?\" And they said, \"Oh, things like the tops of the manhole covers.\" I think they were kidding, but I'm not sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3964.0,4026.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What were their nicknames?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4026.0,4027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Their nicknames?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4027.0,4028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Didn't they have nicknames?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4028.0,4028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No, their sons were ... Then, they accumulated such a big business that finally Sam said, like brothers do, Sam said to Philip, \"I've had enough of this. I don't wanna be in business with you anymore. I can do better on my own. Either you buy me out or I'll buy you out.\" So, Philip says, \"You can pay me.\" He says, \"How much?\" He says, \"A million dollars,\" and he gave him a million in cash in 1934 or something like that, in the middle of the Depression. So, Philip took the cash and went to the bank at the corner of 63rd and Halsted [Streets in Chicago, Illinois]. He said to the banker, \"What should I do with this money?\" So, he invested it all in stocks for him, US Steel and all the old big stocks that you used to hear about. That's what he, and his wife, and the family lived on for a long time, except that the bank manager told him to buy some businesses on the side because it was a deductible expense and, \"Even if you lost the money, you wouldn't.\" But at that time, they didn't pay taxes, so it was lot of money. One of the businesses was a fur business and my mother-in-law had a closet full of furs. She never opened the closet. She never wore them. In the summertime, they didn't know where to put them in cold weather because they were all shedding. We'd open the door, and the fur was shedding all over the place. Another one was in the jewelry credit business, and he liked that kind of business. He thought that might be one that some of the boys could go into, so he kept that business. And several other little businesses, a paper box factory, things like that. They all went broke because the people that were running it didn't know how to run it. Also, it was the Depression at that time. But he did keep the credit jewelry business and a diamond business because he liked diamonds. So, he kept the diamond business. And my father-in-law always had a little piece of tissue paper in his pocket. Every time he came home, he would open it up and say to me, \"Look at these.\" He would have all kinds of precious stones or semi-precious stones like sapphires, and opals, and all kinds of things like that that you can't imagine, you just see pictures of. He says, \"You like these?\" And I'd say, \"They're all right.\" I wasn't impressed. When we were engaged, he brought a diamond home for me. He says, \"I've been saving this for you.\" I looked at it. It was a yellow diamond, and it was bigger than ... almost as big as my whole hand and I have small fingers. He says, \"How do you like this?\" I said, \"I don't like it.\" He says, \"You know what it's worth?\" I said, \"I don't care. I don't like it. It's too big.\" He says, \"Well, I'll give you a diamond and you and Joey go over to Peacock's,\" which was a leading jeweler store in Chicago that day, \"go find a setting for it and I'll have it made for you.\" I said, \"Okay,\" so we went over and picked out a setting and had it set in the ring. I was very happy with my one and a half carat diamond. He said, \"It's really too small.\" But every time he'd come home, he had a little package of diamonds, or rubies, or sapphires, or something in his pocket. When he emptied his pocket at night, they'd be sitting on the dresser at night all night. So, one night, my mother-in-law, who was a fanatic house cleaner, cleaned the ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4028.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Her name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4251.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Jennie Goldberg. [She] cleaned the top of the buffet and one of the things she cleaned was this little piece of tissue paper full of diamonds. He came and he said, \"Shankey\"--that's what he called her--\"where'd you put that paper that I left up here?\" She says, \"I threw everything down the incinerator.\" So, he says, \"My G-d,\" and he grabbed one of the boys and says, \"Come help me. Come help me.\" They went down in the basement where the bottom of the incinerator went into the furnace and they raked through all the ashes and they found it, a little package of diamonds. Can you imagine that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4251.0,4288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Oh, my G-d.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4288.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Those were crazy times. It really was. And he had ... I remember he had a ... That was right after Prohibition came, was taking off. He had a closet full of whiskey, and all kinds of fancy aperitifs, and stuff. He used to tell me, \"This is good for you. This is good your stomach. This will be good.\" When I was pregnant, I was nauseous. He said, \"Take this. This is for you,\" and he'd give me a bottle of it. I said, \"Where'd you get it?\" It was all wrapped up in old newspapers and everything. It was since Prohibition. He never threw anything away. He kept all that. Everybody had a closet full of that stuff. He never had a car because the first time they talked him into buying a car--and he really didn't know how to drive--somebody sold him a limousine. It was a long car and he figured the whole family could get into a big car like this. He drove it up to the house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4290.0,4351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How many children did he have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4351.0,4351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, six children. He said to them, \"Come on, we're going for a ride.\" So, they all came down and ran into, got into the car. Then, Red, who was one of the little ones, said, \"Wait, I forgot something.\" He opened the door, and my father-in-law had pulled the car off, and the door hit a tree, and pulled the door off. He said, \"Call the man and tell him I don't want this car!\" He sent it back. He sent it back and he never drove a car again, never owned a car, never drove a car from then on. He was a character. He really was. In Chicago, it was always cold, and my father-in-law always wore gray everything, a gray top hat, and a gray ... I've forgotten what they call a rolled brim hat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4351.0,4402.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: A derby?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4402.0,4403.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: And gray spats and gray gloves. Because he never drove a car, so he had to walk to the train, the IC, so he had be dressed well, always had on a gray scarf. One time, he came home, and he couldn't take his glove off. He said, \"Pull my glove off on me,\" so we pulled it off. His hand was frozen. It was blue. They convinced him from then on to take a cab to the train. That was the way he did everything, that was the way he did it. So, anyway, that was the Goldbergs in Chicago after ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4403.0,4438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: But when was the time when Grandma Jennie painted the ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4438.0,4438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, one time, well, when all these businesses were going broke that he had invested in, there was one credit business. I think somebody talked him into opening a store in Detroit because they knew a great place to make a lot of money. He kept getting wires from the people that they needed more money and need more. So, he said to my mother-in-law, \"I'm going to Detroit. I'll be back.\" He didn't say when. He just said, \"I will be back,\" and he left. She said, \"Oh, this is a wonderful time for me to paint while he's gone.\" So, she had the house ... They had a little alcove. You walked in. They lived on the second floor of an apartment building. You walked into the second floor and went in, made a little turn, and there's a little alcove with a telephone. She says, \"I have always wanted a red room,\" so she said to the painter, \"Paint this room red.\" When he came home, the first thing he saw was red. He said, \"Call the painter! I don't like it!\" Then, we thought he was going to have a stroke, his face got as red as the wall, but she ... They did it over. But then, after we came ... We moved to Savannah two years after we were married because we thought Joe was going to be drafted because all of his buddies that he had been in school, high school and college with were all being drafted. Well, the fact that we were in New Orleans [Louisianna] on our honeymoon, when it was time for the draft, we figured somehow they lost his name from Chicago, and he never got called. So, but we moved to Savannah because my mother said, \"If he's going in the army, you've got to come home with that baby.\" So, Lanny was six weeks old at that time. I said, \"Well, wait until he's a little older.\" She says, \"Well, don't wait until he's in the army.\" She says, \"I don't want you to be up there.\" So, when Lanny was about six months old, he said, \"Well, what am I going to do there?\" So, Daddy says, \"Well, you can go in the office with me.\" My father was in the real estate business. He says, \"You could open an insurance office,\" so that's what he did. We got there when Lanny was six months old. We drove down in a convertible because that's the only car he ever would drive. We got to Savannah, and we rented a small apartment, which I hated, on 40th street. And he went to work in the office, which he hated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4438.0,4589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where was the office then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4589.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: It was Eight West State Street, right across from the post office, next to Wright square, right off of Bull Street. The bus depot was right in back of our office. There was a jeweler on the corner. What was his name? Not the deBullion, but another one. The bus would drive in around the back from the back of Woolworth's five and ten cent store into the parking place for the bus station. In order to take the bus, you would have to walk in back of the jeweler store and get a little station in back there. They would turn around in back of our office. We would open the door, and we'd see all the busses coming and going. That's before they went, moved to West Broad Street, where there was a bus station later on. That's where Daddy's office was. He had a couple of other ... a lot of people working with him. Stanley Wolf worked for him. We called him Stanley the Wolf because he was always walking up and down the street looking for girls. They were looking for him, so he would always walk. When he got through walking on Broughton and Bull, then he went to Tybee and walked up and down. And Paul Jurgensen Sr., who was Doctor Jurgenson's grandfather, was working for my father, and a lot of people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: [Unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4678.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: So, Joe went to work in the office with my father, and he went into the insurance business. He studied a little bit and then he went to Atlanta and took the exam. Of course, he got flying colors because he was good at math. That's why he had gone into the engineering department school because his high school basketball coach said that he was a good mathematician, so he should go into engineering. So, that's what he did when he went into engineering, which he shouldn't have done. But he was good at math, so he liked the insurance, especially that he got to meet all the people. He walked up and down Broughton Street making friends with all the people, and they all turned out to be Jewish people. That's about all he ever did business with was Jewish people and that was ... So, he stayed in the office until my brother came, and he got out of the army, and it just wasn't a big enough business for two people. So, we opened our own insurance office, which was in the industrial building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4678.0,4743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Four eleven.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4743.0,4743.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Which is now the Sun Bank building, Sun Trust Bank on Johnson Square. We were on the fourth floor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4743.0,4755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: [Yes], 411.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Sidney Raskin was right down the hall from us, and Judge Emanuel Lewis was above us, and Harvey Weitz. Harvey Weitz was a young lawyer that had just gotten out of law school, and he went to work for Judge Lewis. Judge Lewis liked to smoke cigars, and bite off the end, and chew it, and throw it, spit it in the corner of the elevator. Finally, Harvey got a spittoon and put it there for Judge Lewis. We would look out the window right overlooking Johnson Square and see everything that was going on ... Yachum's and then Ben Sheftall [Beauty and] Barber supplies. The whole street was Jewish. Everybody that wasn't black was Jewish and, of course, that all ... As you go down the street now, all those old ... The Slotin Company used to be down there and all those were bought out by SCAD [Savannah College of Art and Design]. They're all SCAD buildings now and West Broad Street is now Martin Luther King. What's left?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: This ends tape one, side B.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4842.0,5407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: This is being conducted by Steve Goldberg and Sissy Hoffman, the son and daughter of Frances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5407.0,5422.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Okay, so, let's see. Well, we went to Tybee [Island] every summer from the time I was about six years old. My brother was a baby then, about a year old. So, that would make ... He was born in 1924, so it was about 1925, 26. I don't know what year the Tybee Road was built. But we would go before the road was built. The fathers all went into town on the train, which came, started downtown on, past East Broad Street and you take the train out to Tybee and get off at one of the stations. It was Estill Avenue and Lovett Station and all the different stations. Then, it would stop in front of the ... A long train shed was in front of the old Tybee Hotel. That's where all the daddies got off the train. Most of them were carrying a lead-lined box that they carried the milk in. They would go into town, and take it to Annette's Dairy, and they would keep it there until the end of the day. Then, they would go, and pick up the milk, and then take it down to the train, and bring it out to Tybee. That's the way we got fresh milk every day. We would, all the children would meet the daddies with either with the nurses or the mothers and we'd all walk home. Then, the daddies would take a dip because it was so hot in town. They said, \"We can't wait till we get a dip,\" and they would run to the ocean, and the children would follow them, which I guess gave the mothers and the nurses a chance to fix supper. Then, after a couple of years, when my brother was a baby and we were still living out there ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5422.0,5558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where did you live on Tybee?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5558.0,5559.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: We lived in different cottages. Everybody rented cottages in those days unless you were rich like the Slotins and different people like that and you had your own cottage. The cottages were very makeshift. They had big porches all around. Every morning, they'd bring the mattresses and pillows outside on the porch to air out because everybody was soaking wet when you woke up in the morning, it was so hot. Every night before we went to bed, right after supper, they would spray the rooms with Flit with the can called and they'd say, \"Quick, Henry, the Flit!\" We would all go for a walk while the rooms got sprayed and all the mosquitoes got killed. Then, when it was time to go home, we'd go home, and they first put the babies to bed, and then the older kids would go to bed a little after that. If it wasn't too hot, then you went to sleep. On the nights when it was too hot to sleep, everybody came out on the porches and walked around till you could fall asleep somewhere. But we all had fun. In the morning, you got up, you had breakfast, and you went the beach again. The mothers would sit in a circle on the beach, and the children would piddle in the water. They would splash, and play, and everything. We would go near to the pavilion, underneath the pavilion where it was shady. The little kids would dig holes, and swimming pools, and stuff like that. Then, all of a sudden, the mothers would look up and say, \"Oh, where's So-and-So? Where's So-and-So? I don't see my child,\" and the mothers would get hysterical. Everybody would run around looking for their children. Of course, they were all there, but they didn't see them at the moment, so of course, they got scared because they thought they had drowned or something. But they were there. Then, in the ... After that, we'd go home for lunch and then in the afternoons, we would go sit on the pavilion. The girls would all sit on the front of the pavilion, where it was a nice breeze and the rocking chairs. We had song sheets that you would buy for a nickel [that] had all the words to all the popular songs, and we'd sit out there all afternoon singing. Then, with supper time, then you'd go home or go to the station when the train was still running. But after the train ran, then the fathers would come home in their cars and get ... They'd have supper and it was the same thing all over again. Well, one time, after the road was built, my father had a Model T Ford. For some reason, I don't know why, I went into town with him one morning and he got a message that there was gonna be a hurricane at Tybee. So, he said, \"Let's go quick. We gotta go get Mama and Bubba and bring them in town.\" My brother was about a year old, and I was six years old then. We got in the car and drove out there. That's when the bridge was just built by what is now Williams Seafood. Mr. And Mrs. Williams had a little tiny house right at the corner by the bridge and he operated the bridge. Every time a boat came by, he would have to go and crank it open by hand, the drawbridge, to open it up so that the boats could go through and then push it back again so then the cars can come through from the other end. Well, when we got in the car on President Street in town and got out to Tybee. We had already stopped two or three times because Daddy had to stop somewhere. He had a bucket in the car, and he'd get a bucket full of water and put it in the radiator because the car was overheating. I remember his taking cap off of the radiator and the steam was gushing up into the air when he opened it. I would say, \"Be careful,\" because I was afraid he was gonna get burned. He said, \"I'm being careful,\" and he would pour the water in. Then, he'd have to crank up the car. It had a crank on the front that you had to wind around to get the engine started. And we'd get back in the car and go as far as we could until the engine overheated again. Then, he'd have to stop somewhere and get some more water and put it in the radiator again. So, when we finally got to Tybee, of course, Mama was hysterical, which she always was, and we got in the car to come to town. Of course, the hurricane never hit Tybee because that was always the way it was. But when we lived at Tybee, everything was so primitive. They had kerosene stoves. It was like a flat stove range with legs and an oven on the side and, of course, no thermostat or anything. But my mother cooked wonderful things on it. The power on the stove was a jar of kerosene that we would get filled up at the filling station. You turned it upside down, and put it in the spot of the stove, and then you light a match in the pilot, and that would light the stove up. And it was hot as fury. Anytime you cooked, everybody had to go out on the porch and cool off while everything was cooking. But when Mama was baking a cake, which she did, I guess, just about every day, our biscuits, or cornbread, or something, she would stick her hand in the oven and say, \"It's about ready. Just about the right temperature.\" She put the dough in and then she'd say, \"Don't walk across the floor. It'll fall.\" So, we would tip toe out to the porch while the bread or whatever was cooked. Then, when she could smell it, she would say, \"Okay, it's time for me to go get it.\" So, she'd go, and open the door very carefully, and take a straw off the broom, and put it into the batter, and make sure that it was cooked, and was ready to eat, and it usually was. Everything was delicious, but my mother was always a perfectionist. According to her, it never tasted [right]. It always needed a little something, a little salt, a little sugar, a little lemon, a little something. It was never exactly right. But she was a good cook and people ... We just couldn't believe she cooked on those stoves. Of course, we didn't know anything else at the time. Then, at the end of the day, the whole family would go on a walk, go for a walk down where the boardwalk is now, but it was only dunes then. So, we'd take a walk down the beach and we would take ... Daddy would ride by the marshes on where the back river is now, and cut cattails for us, and he would dip them in kerosene, we'd stick them in the ground on the beach, and we'd make torches out of them for light, and also to keep the mosquitoes off of us. Occasionally, for a treat, somebody would bring out a watermelon, and we would split the watermelon on the beach, and everybody would have a piece. Then, after we all got a little bit older and everything got more sophisticated, the children really didn't want to go to Tybee anymore. The children were getting to be teenagers, I guess, and swimming pools were coming into style. People couldn't get the children to want to go Tybee, so we started staying in town more often and the people started ... When they built cottages, it was for an entire family, and they would come down for weekends or whatever. The Tybee train would go to the shed that I told you about and everybody would get off it. Then, the train would all the way to the end, which was at the corner of Jones and Chatham Avenue. That's where finally Daddy bought a cottage because Mama kept saying, \"If we're going to Tybee, you might as well buy a cottage. We can go there every year.\" So, he bought the old opera cottage, which was on one big lot at the intersection of those two streets. That's where the turntable was for the train. The engineers would unhook the engine and drive it down to the turntable, and get out, and he and the conductor would get out, and push the train around on the pedestal with the round turntables that [were] there. It was in the sand and there was cinders [sandburs] all over. When you walked to the beach, you got cinders in your feet. Of course, we were supposed to be wearing shoes, but we never were at Tybee. Then, the engineer and the conductor would drive the engine back to the station, where there was another track, where they could turn around and go back to town again. Then, the people who'd come and spent the day at Tybee would get on the train and ride back to town. Next morning, the fathers would get on the train and go back again but that was before there was a road to Tybee. But afterwards, there was a whole new life and then, everything got a lot more complicated. People had to have two cars because one car wasn't enough, until the war, when the war came along in the 1930s and 1940s and there was gas rationing. We had to use ... Always had to leave one car at Tybee for an emergency. So, everybody in the family, Uncle Maxie, and Aunt Helen, and Aunt Pearl, everybody would go in the one car and go into town, and then they'd come back together because it was gas rationing. You didn't have enough gas to go back and forth anytime you felt like it. If you had an emergency, you just had to thumb a ride if you didn't have a car. So, Bernice and I would stay out [on] Tybee with the little children. That was when Lanny was a baby and Harvey was a baby, so this was in ... Lanny was born in 1942, so this is like 44. Bernice and I could see each other from our cottage. We would wave to each other. We'd go down to the beach in the morning with the children, with the two little boys, and then we'd come back to the house, and I would say to her, \"I'll go put Lanny to sleep, and you put Harvey to sleep, and you wave to me from the porch when he's sleeping, and I'll wave to you. And I'll go down to Sea's,\" which is the confectionary down the road, \"and get a loaf of bread and a quart of milk on my bicycle.\" So, I said, \"You look out the window for Lanny and make sure he doesn't jump out the windows or something,\" cause Lanny would do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Bernice was your cousin?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6240.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My cousin Bernice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6240.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Bernice what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6240.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Bernice Trace Weitz. Lanny and Harvey were six weeks apart. When we moved back to Savannah, Lanny was six weeks old and Harvey was just born that day that I moved back to Savannah. He was born that day. We would stay there. We would be there all day long by ourselves and everybody else had gone into town to work or whatever. Then, when they came out at the end of the day, everybody was hot and tired, and we were bored because we've been by ourselves all day. We wanted to do something, and everybody was too tired to do anything, but we would take a walk and go down to the boardwalk. By then, there was a boardwalk. We walked down to the boardwalk, and pushed the kids in the strollers, and come back. Lanny's stroller had wooden wheels to it because, during the war, you couldn't get rubber for tires and it was very bumpy, but it was fine cause it made him sleepy. Then, we'd come back to the house, and put the kids to sleep, and everybody would sit out on the screen porch where it was cool cause there was no air conditioning in those days. Then, the days would start all over again. But before then, they asked me about the Depression. I don't really remember that there was a Depression. Far as we knew, there wasn't any Depression. We lived the way we always lived and we were ... I guess our parents were thrifty and they didn't let you spend money on things that weren't absolutely necessary. I went off to college. I didn't know that it was [the Depression]. In 1936, I graduated high school, and I went to college at Illinois, and I didn't know. Everybody was hard up for money. I'm sure that my folks were, too, and I'm so sure that it was a sacrifice for them to send me to college, but I didn't know it at the time. All I remember is that one time they sent me a new formal [gown]. It was a blue satin formal, and it was gorgeous. I was so excited about it that I called home to thank them for it and my father said, \"What did you call for? It's not an emergency? You never use the telephone unless it's an emergency.\" That was the last time I ever called but we did, we wrote letters every single day. That was the way we communicated in those days. And we didn't have a lot of money, but we never had a lot of money to spend. We weren't allowed to. I guess that was what the Depression meant in those days, but it didn't mean that ... We never saw the food lines like they did up north. I don't remember there being that kind of thing in Savannah. I think everybody took care of everybody and whatever you had most more of you shared it with somebody else. So, then, to get back to when the children were growing up at Tybee, then as they got older, and we went down to the beach, I had Lanny, and then Stevie, and then Sissy. Bernice had Harvey, and then Julian, and Robert. As the children got older, we went. We would go down to the beach and take them. I think the last time we stayed at the beach Sissy was three years old. The boys didn't want to go to Tybee anymore because they had already been to camp at Blue Star and they'd been swimming in the pools. They didn't wanna go to the beach like that. They would rather go to the Alliance and use the pool there. So, I think that was the last summer we stayed at Tybee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6242.0,6462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Nineteen fifty-four.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6462.0,6464.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Fifty-four, when you were three years old, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6464.0,6469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Fifty-three","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6469.0,6470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Fifty-four. You were born in 51. And then what? So, then, that was about when the kids were teenagers. Then, they built the Alliance. Then we all ... We had been living on 44th Street across from Blessed Sacrament [Catholic Church and School]. Of course, it was very tedious then, because during the war, all the schools were in double sessions where it was overcrowded and had double sessions. In the very beginning of the war when Lanny was an infant, when we had just moved back to Savannah, and I would stay home, and everybody else was downtown because I didn't have a car, and one time, he swallowed a bottle of castor oil. I was giving him a bath, and he reached his hand down into the pocket on the side of the bassinet and swallowed a bottle of castor oil. I stuck my finger down his throat and made him throw it up, but I called the doctor because you didn't, the doctors didn't .... You didn't go to the doctor those days. You called them and they told you what to do. And they said, \"Come to the Central [of] Georgia Hospital immediately,\" but I didn't have a car. So, I picked him up, and he had on a diaper, and I got out in the middle of the street, and I thumbed the ride over to ... We were on 44th Street and Central Georgia was 47th and Bull Street. Somebody drove me over there, and then I called the office, and everybody came running out, Nana, and Grandpa, and Daddy. And everybody says, \"Are you all right?\" They pumped his stomach, and I said I saw ... He swallowed a gnat. I saw him swallow a gnat when they were pumping his stomach. I saw the gnat come out along with everything else. But he didn't care. He jumped up out of the bed, and he was very happy like Lanny always was. Then, Stevie came along four years, five years later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6470.0,6583.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Nineteen forty?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6583.0,6584.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Nineteen ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6584.0,6585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Forty-seven.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6585.0,6587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Forty-seven. And Stevie was a big one. He weighed nine, ten, almost ten pounds. [He weighed] nine [pounds, 14 [ounces], almost ten pounds. So, everybody said he looked like he was three months old, and he really did. He would climb up in the crib when he was three months old. He'd stand up and he had teeth, so he bit all the paint off the crib, and he tried to get over the crib. When he was like six months old, we couldn't keep him in the bed anymore. In fact, one time, we were in the front of the house, and I heard something in the back, and I went back, and Stevie was in the bathroom. You remember, Stevie? I think he might've been a year old then. You couldn't remember that. He had climbed up in the bassinet and opened the medicine cabinet. He had gotten a bottle of Mercurochrome [a red antiseptic], and it run down his arm, and I thought it was blood. But it wasn't and he survived to tell the tale. He survived all of Lanny's bruises, and fights, and all that kind of stuff. But everything was a little bit rough during the war with emergencies. When you had to go to the doctor, you had the plan to go the doctor, to plan for somebody be there with a car or something like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6587.0,6666.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Tell about the day when you first heard there was a war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6666.0,6670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: About when I was pregnant with Lanny. It was December, so I was six months pregnant ... December, January, February, March, April ... five months pregnant. I was taking a bath, and I heard that there was a war in Hawaii. I said, \"What kind of war? I don't know what that could be.\" That was Pearl Harbor, and it was absolutely news to me because we really didn't know too much about the war. My husband hadn't been drafted yet like all of his buddies. He was the only one hadn't been drafted, so he had to get some kind of war connected job to keep him out of the service. So, he got a job at one of the steel mills because around Chicago, there were lots of steel mills and he was a graduate engineer. So, they gave him a job calibrating the shells for bombs. They would give him the shells, and he would take the instrument that was calibrated to make sure that it was exactly correct so that the bombs could go through it. Then, he would put them on whatever pulley they had or something until the next one came along. His fingers were full of steel splinters. It was really messy. So, when we finally decided to go to Savannah, he was delighted because he got out of that. But he was not drafted then. Then, we came to Savannah and Lanny was six weeks old. And later on, it looked like he was gonna be drafted. So, he tried to enlist in the Navy because that was the way he could get a commission, and he liked the uniforms, and all that kind of stuff. So, we got ... He was gonna go into the Navy and we went to Chicago with Lanny and Stevie to tell the family, for him to tell the family goodbye before he went to the service. You were born in 47? So, it was 1950? And while we were there, victory in Japan was declared and that was the end of the war. So, he didn't have to go into the service. Then, we came home, took up our lives from there. Then, Sissy was born in 1951. Of course, she was the girl that everybody had been looking for because nobody in the family had girls since Roslyn, who was 18 years younger than I was. So, everybody was thrilled to have a girl. Bernice had two boys. She tried again and had another boy, Robert. But when Sissy was born, my grandfather came from Texas to see her. He hadn't been to Savannah since the boys were bar mitzvahed. He came here to marry me and then, when the boys were bar mitzvahed, he came for each of the bar mitzvahs. Then, he came when Sissy was born. We have a picture of him holding her when she was a tiny little thing with skinny arms and legs. It was a long trip for him because he was in his ... I guess he was into his 70s already then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6670.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How did he get here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6870.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: By train. That's the only way he could travel. Well, you could take a plane, but it was really long and tedious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6870.0,6877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Did he travel on Shabbos or no?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6877.0,6879.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No, he never traveled in Shabbos, so he'd come on during the week, and spend Shabbos, there and then go back again. And then what? So, then, the kids were old enough for school. So, Lanny started out at Charles Ellis. He went there until we moved to ... before we moved to Oakview Drive. Then, Stevie started at Charles Ellis and went to ... About the fifth grade, Steve? And then he went to Pulaski School. Then, Sissy started. When we built our house, Sissy started first grade at Pulaski School. They were close enough that they could go to the Alliance. They could take their bikes and ride over to the Alliance for Hebrew school in the afternoon. But before that, when we were living on 44th Street, Sissy went to kindergarten, and Stevie was in one of the lower grades, and Lanny was in another of the upper grades, but we had double sessions, so the first bus came by at 7:30 in the morning to pick one of them up. Then, the next one came at noon to pick the second one up. When one was coming home, the other one was leaving, and it was really hectic in those days. Then, when we moved to Oakview Drive, then we got on a regular schedule. Lanny was in high school and Stevie was in ... Wilder Junior High, Stevie? And Sissy was in the first grade at Pulaski. That's where Sissy grew up there. She was there until she got married. We were there until she got married in the house on Oakview Drive, 4655 Oakview Drive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6879.0,6986.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Sylvan Terrace [neighborhood]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6986.0,6986.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Sylvan Terrace. Let's see. What happened then? Then, after that, everybody went off to college. The kids went off to college, and they got their various degrees. It was seven years of this and seven years of that. Lanny was in law school, and Steve was in something else school, and they all got their degrees. Sissy graduated from Stevens [Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey], and then she got her degree at Columbia [University in New York City, New York], and she went to California for a piece. Then, she came back to New York and then stayed there, and then, of course, she wanted to get married. In what year, Sissy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6986.0,7038.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: In 1978, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7038.0,7039.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Nineteen seventy-eight? Yes, 1978. We had just decided to sell the house because it was empty, wasn't anybody home. We decided to sale the house and we were supposed to be moving August the 1st. We had packed everything and made all the arrangements to move, and Sissy said, \"We're getting married on June the 17th.\" So, we had to unpack everything, and arrange for a wedding, and send out invitations. Then, Sissy and Joe got married on June the seventeenth. So, we had a big family dinner on Friday night at our house, then there was something at shul [Yiddish: synagogue] on Saturday, and then they got married Sunday, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7039.0,7089.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7089.0,7089.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: At the Oglethorpe Hotel, which is now the Wilmington Golf Club, whatever it is now. Wilmington Island Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7089.0,7098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Savannah Inn and Country Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7098.0,7098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Savannah Inn and Country Club, then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7098.0,7103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where Daddy played golf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7103.0,7104.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: That's right, where Daddy played golf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7104.0,7108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: And Jenna got married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7108.0,7110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Yes, right. And then they all led their various lives in various places: Atlanta, California, Atlanta, New York, until Sissy had two little girls in Atlanta. They were here for a while, for a couple of years. Then, they went to California, and they were out there ten years. Then, they decided ... Sissy had been sick, and she decided she needed to come home, so she did. They moved back to Savannah, got a place at Tybee and Stevie was here. He was a chiropractor, and he had his practice here. After Sissy got here, Lanny came home, and Sissy convinced him that he should move back to Savannah. So, we went from having an empty house to a full house. We moved into an apartment because we thought we would build a small house for ourselves. But Daddy got sick, and he died two years after we moved here, in 1980, and that's the year that Jenna was born, 1980. He died in February and Jenna was born in July. And then Dory was born in 82 in October, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7110.0,7196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7196.0,7197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Until everybody ... Then, we started to cycle all over again when their kids went through school. Then, they went to college, and they went off to wherever they went. Jen moved to Washington and Dory went to Baltimore [Maryland] to Goucher [College]. And we're up to the present time now, so ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7197.0,7220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: You haven't talked about the Hornstein family, all of Grandpa's sisters and brothers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7220.0,7228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, Daddy's family, the Hornstein family ... The father was Julius Hornstein, the mother was Rachel Hornstein, and her maiden name was Seligman, and I told you that she and her sister had come to New York. I told you before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7228.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Not all the Seligmans, the names.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7247.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: No. When they moved to Savannah, Uncle Lizzie was the oldest. Uncle Izzy, and Aunt Lilllie, and Daddy, Sam Hornstein, had been born in Utica in New York, and Redding, Pennsylvania, they came to Savannah. So, the oldest one was Uncle Izzy, whose name was Isidore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7247.0,7275.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Hornstein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7275.0,7276.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Hornstein and then Aunt Lillie, who was Lillie Hornstein. Trace was her married name, and ... Daddy, Sam Hornstein, who was born in Redding Pennsylvania, came to Savannah when, he was two years old when they moved to Savannah, to Bay Street, to the house on Bay Street which my grandfather had rented, and then the other children were all born there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7276.0,7303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: And they were?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7303.0,7303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: So, it was Izzy, Lillie, Sam, then Uncle Maxie, Uncle Morris, Aunt Pearl, and Uncle Charlie. There were seven of them, and they all lived in the house over the store. My grandmother ran the grocery store downstairs, and my grandfather was ... In the beginning, when they first moved there in 1897, or thereabouts, and it was the Spanish-American War, and Grandpa Hornstein, Julius Hornstein, would take his pushcart, and go down to the riverfront, and sell his little goodies to the soldiers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7303.0,7356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7356.0,7356.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: And I told you that story, how he went and collected his script at what is now Daffin Park.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7356.0,7364.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Maybe tell each of the sons and daughters and who they married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7364.0,7367.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Right, so each of the ... I'll go through the family. Uncle Izzy married Rose Green. Her family was from England. They had one child, Albert, and the next child was ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7367.0,7384.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: So, then, Albert then married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7384.0,7386.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Then, Albert married Yetta Hornstein, and they had two boys.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7386.0,7395.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Ronnie and Herbie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7395.0,7396.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Ronnie and Herbie were their two boys. Then, there was Aunt Lillie, who had two girls, Bernice and Gladys Trace. Bernice married Izzy Weitz and Gladys married ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7396.0,7409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Bob Orans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7409.0,7409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Bob Orans. Bernice had three sons: Harvey, Julian, and Robert. Gladys had one son, Lawrence. Let me see who else is in there ... And then, Uncle Morris was next. Uncle Morris is next? Uncle Morris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7409.0,7434.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Sam was third, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7434.0,7436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Yes, my father and my mother, Dorothy Blumenthal, had two children, Francis Hornstein, me, and my brother Neil Hornstein whom we called Bubba. Then, it was Uncle Morris who had three children. Helen was the oldest--we called her Bumble--and Bobby, and Julius, we called Boo Hornstein. Nobody ever knows him by his real name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7436.0,7469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Why was he called Boo?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7469.0,7470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: He was called Julius, named Julius after my grandfather, and he was called Boo because during the war, when everybody went to town and left the children out at Tybee, Aunt Yetta had a nurse he called Julia. She used to dress Boo up like in a little suit with a bow tie and everything, and she called him Reverend Booza. She'd say, \"Reverend Booza, give us a speech,\" so nobody ever called him anything except Boo. And then Uncle Maxie had two children, Lindy and Roslyn. Lindy had three girls: Cathy, Julie, and ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7470.0,7520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Terry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7520.0,7520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Terry, right. And then, Uncle ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7520.0,7523.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Roslyn?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7523.0,7525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Roslyn had two boys, Michael and Jonathan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7525.0,7533.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Michael had how many kids?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7533.0,7534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Michael now has seven kids and Jonathan has two. Let me see. That's Uncle Morris. Who's next?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7534.0,7546.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Aunt Pearl.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7546.0,7547.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Aunt Pearl was married to Horace Friedman, whose mother owned Friedman's Art Store and which Julian Weitz still operates as Friedman's Fine Arts--in case Julian wants to hear this. So, who's after that? Morris, we got Uncle Morris' children. Uncle Charlie had one son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7547.0,7578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Virgil?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7578.0,7578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Julius Virgil, he was named after my grandfather too, but they called him Virgil. So, that's all the children. So, that's the Hornsteins. Now, the Hornsteins' name originally, when my grandfather came from Lutz, Austria, his name was Einstoss. When he came to this country, they Americanized it, whoever wrote his name down, whenever he came. This was before Ellis Island, so he's not in the records there. But whoever registered him said that you can't use a German name when you come here, so they named him Hornstein from Einstoss. When my grandfather left home and his father and his brother told him and his cousin, \"You should go to Hamburg [Germany],\" they had given them tickets for the passage to America. But when they got to Hamburg and they passed through all the towns in Germany on the way, my grandfather's cousin said, \"Everybody is rich here. I'm going to stay here and make a lot of money.\" And my grandfather said, \"No, Papa said we should go to America and that's where I'm going,\" and he did. He went to America. Then, in the 1930s, late 1930s, we had to bring his children over to escape the Nazis. So, it was Amalia and Ludwig. Lieblig was their name. The Einstossers, and Morris Einstoss, and they had other brothers. One was Edward. He went to Chicago, and two brothers went to South America. I don't know where they ... I haven't heard anything from them. I don't know where they are now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7578.0,7684.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What is the story about Rockefeller and Roosevelt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7684.0,7690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, goodness. My father would drive us down to Miami, Florida around Thanksgiving.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7690.0,7694.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: What year are we talking about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7694.0,7697.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: When I was in high school, and that was in the early 1930s, 32, 33. As we were going through the little, small towns, my father would always point out the various interesting things. In Lake Wales, there was the Carillon. We had to stop and hear the bells chime there. Then, we came to Ormond Beach. He said, \"This is where Mr. John D. Rockefeller owns this golf course, and we might see him playing golf.\" We drove up, and sure enough, we saw him out in the middle of the golf course. He was a tall, skinny old man with white hair, with a cap, with a golf cap on, and golf knickers. Daddy said, \"Go ask him for a dime.\" And I said, \"Why? You always tell me not to ask anybody for anything.\" He says, \"Well, that's all right. You can go ask him for a dime.\" So, we went up to him, and we said, \"Mr. Rockefeller?\" And he says, \"Who are you?\" We told him our names, and we were from Savannah, Georgia, and we said, \"Could we have a dime?\" And he said, \"Sure, little girl.\" Then, he put his hand in his pocket, took out two dimes, and gave us each a dime, and that was all. We didn't know who he was, that he owned Standard Oil, or any of that kind of stuff. We only know he was this man who was giving away dimes. That was really a big deal for us. We were already in high school then. And what else? What other stories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7697.0,7785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: The Roosevelt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7785.0,7785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, when I was still in high school, we were living on 37th Street, and Franklin Roosevelt was in his, I guess, second term, maybe. He was coming to Savannah, and he was going to speak at the stadium, Grayson Stadium.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7785.0,7803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How did you know that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7803.0,7804.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: My father was an alderman at the time, and he was in charge of all the events at the stadium and the auditorium. So, he said, \"We've got to go to the stadium. We've got tickets.\" I said, \"Well, I want to see Mr. Roosevelt in his car, and he's going to pass by our house on Bull and 37th Street.\" So, I got out in the middle of the street, and I stood there until his cars came by. President Roosevelt was in the back of a limousine that the top was down, and he was shaking everybody's hands. I put out my hand. I said, \"Hello, Mr. Roosevelt.\" And he said, \"How do you do? How do you, young lady?\" And then he drove on. Then, I went back, and we got in the car real quick, and went to Grayson Stadium, and we saw him walk up. We thought we saw him walk up the ramp, but, of course, somebody helped him up the ramp to the front of the stadium because he was on crutches or whatever he was using then. His son was standing next to him and wouldn't let him walk by himself. But that was really a thrill to get to talk to him and shake his hand. Then, after that, that's when I graduated high school in 1936, and I went off to college, and that's where the story gets connected with all the rest of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7804.0,7881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: When were the bands playing at Tybee at the pier?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7881.0,7884.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: When the bands were at Tybee was before I went to college. I wasn't allowed to go [out] at night. I was too young to go to the dances at night. The only time I was ever allowed to do any of those kinds of things was if I went with Bernice, who was two years older than I was. She had started dating Izzy Weitz when she was 14 years old. So, she started going to the dances very young. But when she 14, I was still 12, so I wasn't allowed to do any of those things. But we would go to the pavilion, which was the old pavilion which burnt down before the present one was built. We would see the ads for the bands, Blue Steele's orchestra, and Tommy Tucker, and all the big ones. They would be in Florida, and they'd stop in Savannah on the way up north, and some of them would play at the Tybrisa for one night. We would walk up to the front of the pavilion where we could see the people dancing. We could see the crystal ball going around in the middle of the big dance floor, and you could see the sparkles, and that was as close as we ever got to it. In back of the ... across from the dance hall where everything took place, the front of it was all chairs, all the way around. There were rocking chairs all the around, so you could sit there and catch the breeze. When you came downstairs and then you would walk across, downstairs there was a bathing house. People would come to Tybee and rent bathing suits, and they would have to wear a identification tag around their necks with a number on it which told ... was the number that they had selected, and then hand them back in. In those days, they were wool bathing suits, and you took a shower when you came out of the water. That's if you didn't have a cottage or some place to do it at home. Then, when you went upstairs, there was a bowling alley. That was the bowling alley. Remember the bowling alley in Tybee? Garris' bowling alley. Mr. Garris had a bowling alley there. Then, later on, Mr. Garris had the Tigers baseball team that Lanny went to, right? You didn't belong there, did you? Then, after that, you were in Little League. Stevie was a catcher in Little League, and of course, we would all have to go out to see him play ball. Every time there was a baseball game, we'd go and take our chairs and sit out. The mosquitoes were biting and it was hot, but we had to go see those games. Grandpa was thrilled because the boys were playing baseball.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7884.0,8057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: What about baseball spring training?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8057.0,8060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, and then ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8060.0,8061.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Okay, it's about to stop. Let's turn it off. Okay, this ends the second tape, side one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8061.0,8224.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Tape two, side B. Okay. My children said that I should include something about Uncle Maxie, who was involved in local politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8224.0,8236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Maxie Hornstein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8236.0,8237.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Maxie Hornstein. He was known as the mayor of Yamacraw. He had the number two fire station was his box and he was in charge of everything that went on in that box. He and Dave Wiener would go around, make sure that everybody voted in the election, and voted the right way. So, on the day of the election, everybody was lined up to see who was coming and who wasn't coming. If it got kind of slow, they would send a message down to Miss Eva Walker, who ran a house of prostitution, and tell her, \"Please send the girls up to register.\" They would walk in and they'd say, \"What's your name?\" And they'd say, \"Pearl Hornstein,\" and then the other one would say, \"Lillie Hornstein.\" That's the way politics were in those days, which is not very legal, but it was fun. Uncle Maxie operated a big credit business from the grocery store. He would get everybody jobs on the city payroll, like in the trash department, garbage department, or water department, or whatever. Then, at the end of the month, he would take an apple box and take it down to the place where the city had their trucks and where all the people came to get paid. On payday, he would sit there, and they'd come up to him and say, \"Mr. Hornstein. Mr. Maxie.\" [He would say, \"How are you So-and-So?\" [They'd tell him, \"My name is So-and-So,\" and \"My name is ...\" He said, \"Okay,\" and he'd take the money and cross off their debt. They'd think, \"Thank you, sir, Mr. Maxie,\" because he would give them groceries to feed their family until the next month. So, he was really doing a big mitzvah [good deed] at that time while he was making money. What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8237.0,8360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: How old was he then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8360.0,8363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: It was before he got married, I guess. It was in his 40s. he got married late. So, it was Uncle Maxie, and Aunt Lillie, and Uncle Charlie were in the grocery store after they moved from the original location that my grandfather had rented all those many years ago. I forgot to tell you that my grandfather had paid rent on the store, but he couldn't buy the place until he was a citizen. So, he got a friend at the synagogue to buy it in his ... in the friend's name until he became a citizen, and then they would swap titles. That's the way he acquired the property before he was a citizen. From then on, he was a landowner and a citizen as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8363.0,8418.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: How did the BB synagogue get its land for the first building on ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8418.0,8424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Downtown? I haven't any idea. I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8424.0,8427.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: So, Grandpa Charles was the rabbi there. How old was the synagogue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8427.0,8432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I think the first synagogue was like 1870 something. Then, it was moved to the present location--I don't know what year that was exactly--on Montgomery and State Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8432.0,8454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Who was the rabbi there at the synagogue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8454.0,8457.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, when Grandpa Charles was a rabbi there in 1916, he came, and he was there for three years. Then, he went back to Texas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8457.0,8465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Do you know who the rabbi was after him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8465.0,8469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: I could find that in the book upstairs. Everybody knows him. That's the ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8469.0,8474.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Look at the A.A. You said there was a little shule?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8474.0,8476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, they used to call it the little shul when the A. A. Started out about two blocks up Montgomery Street across from where the courthouse is now. The A. A. Started their shul there. It was a small synagogue. It was called the 'little shule.' [It] was upstairs over a store and that's how they got started until they moved out into Drayton Street and put up a big building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8476.0,8515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Nana's food, what kind of food she cooked, Jewish food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8515.0,8519.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Her big thing was rolled cabbage, which she always said to my children, \"We're going to get rolled cabbage,\" and they hated it. But she made it. And her coffee cakes, you couldn't beat them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8519.0,8533.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Dorothy Hornstein, your mother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8533.0,8535.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Dorothy Hornstein, my mother. And her nut cakes were delicious. You had to have a double boiler to cook them. When one of my children wanted to make something recently, they said, \"How do you cook in a double boiler? Where do you get a double boiler?\" We couldn't find one. I had to explain to them what a double boiler was. My mother always said that I was such a finicky eater when I was little. And you never took babies to a pediatrician unless they were sick. But they took me at a very young age because I had colic. They took me to Doctor A.J. Waring, and he was our family pediatrician from then on. He was Lanny's pediatrician when we came back to Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8535.0,8586.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Where did you get the [unintelligible]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8586.0,8586.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: In Chicago. I forgot what I was going to say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8586.0,8597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Mandle bread.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8597.0,8597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, Nana's... My mother's mandle bread [almond bread] was wonderful. She and Aunt Flo both, Aunt Flo Gordon, Flo Slotkin Gordon, they made wonderful mandle breads. Everybody always put it up in tin cans and they saved the tin cans, cake cans. The kids still have some of their old tin cans. It had a strip on the front that said, \"Mandle Bread,\" in case you didn't know. Sissy still has one now. And what else did she ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8597.0,8633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: Coffee cake.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8633.0,8634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: She made wonderful sour cream coffee cakes. Her sour cream coffee cakes were really delicious. They were really good. And her lokshen kugel [casserole or pudding with egg noodles], noodle kugels, they were wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8634.0,8649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Jell-o mold.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8649.0,8649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Her Jell-o molds were very fancy because when they had the club on Wednesdays, they had ... The women had a club on Wednesday, where they played Canasta after they ate, and they took turns eating in each other's houses on Wednesday. It was always very fancy, and they always picked Nana to make the Jell-o molds because hers were so gorgeous. They were perfect, without ... She would put in the Jell-o, and then a row of pineapple, and then a row of olives. And they were in perfect precision, just so. Then, when she unmolded it, you couldn't walk across the room until it was out of the thing, and she put it into the freezer for a minute to let it congeal again. That's the kind of cook she was. When they had their parties on Wednesday, each one of them had a specialty. It was Nana, it was Dorothy Hornstein, and Flo Gordon, and Mindle Levington. They were the three best friends. They organized everything and everybody had to go through them. You couldn't join that group unless you were approved. Once they had their group, just enough to play Canasta, nobody else could come in unless somebody died. Then, they would take somebody else in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8649.0,8732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Stella Gordon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8732.0,8734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: And then it was Stella Gordon, and Mary Kleinberg, and Ann Brooks, and Rose Horowitz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8734.0,8746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: And then, on Sunday ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8746.0,8748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Oh, yes, and on Sunday night, then the couples got together. The men played poker and the women played whatever they wanted to play at that time, bridge or Canasta. That was never as congenial, because then when you had the couples, you had some of the women that they weren't allowed to come on Wednesday. They were very cliquish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8748.0,8771.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: The Don't Worry Club.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8771.0,8772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Well, that went way back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8772.0,8776.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Fort Screven. Tell that one story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8776.0,8780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Alright. Sissy wants me to tell the story about Fort Screven. During the war, when we lived at Tybee and everything was very ... It was very difficult getting from one place to the other. For some reason, I contracted impetigo. The only dermatologist who we knew was Doctor Sammy Rosen and he was in the Reserves. The only way I could get to see him was to go to Fort Screven. I had to go to the gate, where the armed guards were, and say, \"I want to see Doctor Rosen.\" He would say, \"Well, who are you and you got permission?\" I had to give them all my credentials before they would let me see him. I would ride on my bicycle over there from the other end of the island. Then, they'd say, \"Well, wait a minute. We'll see if he can come,\" and then they would go inside the house, which is the community house now at Tybee, and call somebody, and say, \"Can you get Doctor Rosen to come down here?\" I would sit in this hot sun waiting. He would come finally come out after a while, and he would look at me, and say, \"Oh, you're doing just fine. Just come back next week.\" That's why we always called him 'Doctor Come Back.'","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8780.0,8859.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: That was the treatment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8859.0,8864.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Right, but he was really the only dermatologist around at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8864.0,8868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Now, who are his children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8868.0,8870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: They don't live in ... It was Darby and Jackie, I think. They don't live in Savannah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8870.0,8876.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Is he related to ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8876.0,8878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: To the other, yes. He was a brother to Manny Rosen. So, that's my life so far and I really, I can't think of any ... You have any more stories I can tell about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8878.0,8895.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Well, do you have any words of wisdom for the future generation of your grandchildren?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8895.0,8901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: Just hope for the best if you live long enough you get to see everything. I'm 86 now, so goodness only knows what the future brings, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8901.0,8915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Very good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8915.0,8915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances: So, I think I'll sign off now. I'll sign off now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8915.0,8923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sissy: Bravo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8923.0,8924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/transcript/85486/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Steve: That was good. This is the end of the recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8924.0,9382.8702"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePark View Sanitarium was organized in 1900 in Savannah, Georgia.  It was located at 918 Drayton Street, at the corner of Drayton and Waldburg Streets. Park View was renowned throughout the southeast. The hospital trained many doctors and nurses in addition to tending to patients. Park View closed in 1925, and the property was eventually sold to the Congregation Agudath Achim in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=25.0,76.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenedictine Military School (also referred to as Benedictine or BC) is an American Roman Catholic military high school for boys located in Savannah, Georgia. It was founded in 1902 by the Benedictine monks of Savannah Priory, which still operates the school, under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Savannah. In 1963, the school moved to its current campus located on Seawright Drive in Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=106.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris and Bertha Levine operated a grocery store at 1527 Whitaker Street.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=106.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntonio Johnson Waring (1881-1951) was a pediatrician and Savannah native who attended Yale University before establishing his practice in Savannah. He and his wife, Sue Cole Waring (1893-1986), had three children, the oldest of whom, Antonio Johnson Waring, Jr. (1915-1964), was also a pediatrician and an archeologist.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=106.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe DeRenne Apartments were built in 1916 at 24 East Liberty Street in Savannah. The eight-story forty-four-unit U-shaped building was built in the Beaux Art style and financed by Wymberley Wormsloe De Renne. In the early 1920s, multiple physicians kept offices in the DeRenne. In 1975, the building was converted to condominiums.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=106.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Bnai Brith Jacob (originally “Kahal Kadosh B’nai B’rith Jacob,” or “Congregation of the Children of the Divine Covenant of Jacob,” also known as BBJ or BB Jacob), the Orthodox synagogue in Savannah, Georgia, was established in 1861 by a group of eastern European Jews who desired to start their own synagogue patterned after the Ashkenazi tradition. The Savannah Hebrew School (now the Hebrew Community School), established by the congregation, enrolled as many as 200 children in the early 1900's. Throughout the congregation’s history, many rabbis, including Jacob Rosenfeld, Hirsch Goldberg, Charles Blumenthal, L.M. Palitz, B.L. Rosenbloom, Mordecai Hirschsprung, Nathan N. Rosen, Morris Max, William Drazin, and Abraham I. Rosenberg have served Savannah’s Orthodox community.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=356.0,394.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the Austrian Empire, military service was governed by an 1868 law that made three years of active military service followed by seven years in the reserves mandatory for all male citizens, including Jews, aged 21.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=424.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) is a Jewish American non-profit that aids refugees. Founded in 1881, its original purpose was the help the flow of Jewish immigrants from Russia in relocating. During and after World War II, they worked to get Jews out of Europe and to any country that would have them by providing tickets and information about visas. After World War II, they assisted 167,000 Jews to leave DP camps and emigrate elsewhere. In 1975, the US State Department asked the organization to assist the incoming Vietnam refugees. Today, the organization continues to provide support to refugees and immigrates of all nationalities, ethnicities, and religions. HIAS has offices in the United States and across Latin America, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. Since its inception, HIAS has helped resettle more than 4.5 million people.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=471.0,513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEllis Island is an island in New York Harbor that is situated between New York and New Jersey. It is owned by the United States government and was the busiest immigrant inspection and processing station in the United States from 1892-1954. Today it is part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument and is now a national museum on immigration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=471.0,513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe city of Savannah is on the Savannah River, which forms the border between Georgia and South Carolina and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=689.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Spanish–American War was fought from April 21 to December 10, 1898, between Spain and the United States. It began with the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba. It resulted in the U.S. acquiring sovereignty over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, and establishing a protectorate over Cuba. It represented U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence and the Philippine Revolution, with the latter later leading to the Philippine–American War. The Spanish–American War brought an end to almost four centuries of Spanish presence in the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific; the United States, meanwhile, became a major world power and gained several island possessions across the globe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=689.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVictory Drive is one of Savannah, Georgia’s oldest east–west corridors, extending about 4.5 miles from Ogeechee Road to Thunderbolt. Originally, it was Estill Avenue to the west and Dale Avenue to the east. It was renamed Victory Drive in 1922 to honor Savannah’s World War I soldiers. Early improvements included the planting of roughly 2,600 palmetto trees, creating one of the nation’s longest palm-lined avenues. In 1923, the “Million Dollar Road” extended Victory Drive from Thunderbolt to Tybee Island. By the 1960s, Victory Drive had evolved into a busy commercial corridor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=758.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDaffin Park was completed in 1909 and was designed by John Nolen. The park features an oak lined mall with a large water feature and many native plantings. Grayson Stadium was built at the eastern end of the park in 1941, replacing Municipal Stadium that was built in the 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=758.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) is the name of Savannah, Georgia's Jewish Community Center. It was founded on August 2, 1912. The original charter, objectives were outlined for promoting the English language and for providing a building for programs such as kindergarten, a library, classes and recreation. They built their first building in 1916 at Barnard Street and their second building in spring 1950. The Alliance continues to serve the Jewish and general communities in Savannah today.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=835.0,885.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharlton Street is a prominent street in Savannah, named after Thomas Charlton, the city’s 15th mayor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=886.0,929.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Agudath Achim is a synagogue in Savannah, Georgia, that is affiliated with the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism. It formed in 1903 as a small congregation following Orthodox ritual. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=943.0,946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Scottish Rite Temple was completed in 1923, and is located at 341 Bull Street in Savannah, Georgia. The seven-story building was designed by well-known Savannah architect, Hyman Witcover, and is still known as the Scottish Rite Masonic Center. Its first floor long housed A.A. Solomons \u0026amp; Co., a drugstore founded by Abraham Alexander Solomons and his brother Joseph in 1845. Since 2019, the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD)—a private art school established in 1978—has owned the building, operating the former pharmacy as the Gryphon Tea Room.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=952.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeonora R. Amram (1881-1942) was an educator from Savannah, Georgia. She was principal of the mission school of the Council of Jewish Women and later a kindergarten teacher at the JEA. Leonora was a member of Temple Mickve Israel, worked for the National Jewish Welfare Board during World War I and was one of four original Girl Scout troop leaders.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=952.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSauchie Kaplan Blumenthal (1908-2001) was a Savannah native and the wife of Leo Simon Blumenthal (1907-1987), Frances’ maternal uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=952.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOpened in 1856 as Savannah’s first free public school, the Massie Common School was funded through the will of Scottish immigrant Peter Massie (1765–1840). Located at 207 East Gordon Street, the building served as a hospital during the Civil War and was briefly a Freedmen’s school. The school closed in 1974, and now houses the Massie Heritage Center, an educational museum and exhibit space.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=952.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA severe worldwide economic downturn known as the Great Depression began in the United States in 1929. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century with far-reaching effects around the globe, especially in Europe. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe A and B Belt was \u003cbr\u003ea historic streetcar line in Savannah, Georgia installed after the city electrified its streetcar system in 1890. The line ran south from downtown along Whitaker Street and served as a key transportation link to new residential areas outside of the city center, such as the Thomas Square neighborhood. Eventually, the city’s streetcar line declined with the rise of the automobile. Around 1920, a bus replaced the streetcar on the A and B Belt, and the entire streetcar system was officially discontinued in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Graham Building is a three-story apartment building built in 1924. It is located at 210 East State Street, across from Oglethorpe Square.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuilt between 1900 and 1920, 38th Street School is an iconic two-story historic building located in Savannah’s Streetcar District. In 1993 it became the St. Paul Academy for Boys, which closed its doors in 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1912, construction of a luxury hotel called Hotel Georgia began at \u003cbr\u003e500 Washington Avenue in Savannah but was never completed due to funding and litigation issues. During the Great Depression, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) took over the site. When construction was finally completed in 1937, the building became Savannah High School. In 1963, Savannah High School, was one of the first two schools in Chatham County to integrate. In 1997, the high school moved to a new location and the building now houses the Savannah Arts Academy, a visual and performing arts school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellis Montessori was originally founded in 1928 as the Charles Ellis Elementary School. In 1988, it because a Montessori magnet school. It is located at 220 East 49th Street Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1161.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuilt in 1920 at 1810 Bull Street, the 35th Street Junior High School was later renamed Richard Arnold Junior High and, in the late 1930s, became Commercial High School. After closing in the mid-1980s, the Georgian Revival building served as an adult-education center for about a decade. In 2008, it reopened as Arnold Hall, part of the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1470.0,1471.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuilt in 1912, the 37th Street School was an elementary school designed in the Prairie style by architects Henrik Wallin and Edwin Young. The building served Savannah’s public school system for decades. After acquiring the building in 1988, the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) reopened it as Wallin Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1488.0,1528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBull Street is a major street in Savannah, Georgia. It is named for Colonel William Bull. The street runs from Bay Street in the north to Derenne Avenue in the south. The street is about 3.40 miles in length, not including the section interrupted by Forsyth Park. The street goes around five of Savannah’s 22 squares, and it is the center of a National Historic Landmark District.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1488.0,1528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil War, widely known in the United States as the “Civil War,” was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. In January 1861, seven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, often called the “South,” grew to include 11 states, and although they claimed 13 states and additional western territories, the Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by a foreign country. The states that did not declare secession were known as the “Union” or the “North.” The war had its origin in the issue of slavery. After four years of bloody combat, which left over 600,000 Union and Confederate soldiers dead and destroyed much of the South's infrastructure, the Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring national unity and granting civil rights to freed slaves began. \"War Between the States\" became a popular name for the conflict in the South after the war, emphasizing the perspective that the Confederacy was a collection of separate, sovereign states fighting the Union. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1530.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrances is likely referring to the Sandfly neighborhood. Established by African Americans in the nineteenth century, it is centered around the intersection of Montgomery Crossroad and Skidaway road. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the 1920s, most open-top automobiles used removable side curtains with clear windows called “eisenglass” or “isinglass” for weather protection. Originally referring to a type of mica or gelatin, the term came to describe the flexible, transparent plastic—often celluloid—used for these non-glass windowpanes.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Frogtown neighborhood is bounded by West Jones Street, Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, West Boundary Street, and I-16. Frogtown developed as the city’s railroad hub with the establishment of the Central of Georgia Railway’s passenger terminal and railroad shops during the 1850s and 1860s. The neighborhood was largely demolished to make way for the I-16 flyover which opened in 1966. Frogtown was a historic African American community in Savannah, Georgia, named for the frogs that appeared after rain. Once a vibrant black business and community district, it was a bustling area with homes, churches, and businesses.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJean Eicholz Mopper (1918-1983) was born in Savannah. She was a member of Congregation Mickve Israel and owned Antique Treasures. She and her husband, Valmore Saul Mopper (1915-2001), had three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRussian immigrant Isadore Gottlieb (ca. 1870-1932) and his wife, the former Jennie Hurwitz (ca. 1872-1963), started a bakery in Savannah, Georgia, in 1884. The original bakery was located at York and Jefferson streets. The Gottliebs had eight children: Joseph (1898-1974), Sadie (1899-1965), Mamie (ca. 1900-1950), Leon (1902-1972), Elliott (1904-1979), Harold \"Hank\" (1906-1993), Irving (1909-1990), and Milton (1910-1979). Elliott, Irving, and Sadie became directly involved with the bakery. Elliott and Irving took charge of the business around 1928. Joseph started a kosher delicatessen business in 1934, utilizing baked goods from Gottlieb's Bakery. Elliott's son, Isser (1938-2012), joined the bakery full-time in 1959 and ran the business until it closed in 1994. The bakery has reopened in various iterations, including catering at Congregation Bnai Brith Jacob Synagogue and selling groceries such as imported candies, cookies, and cheeses.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbraham and Mamie Ginsberg operated a dry goods store at 543 Broughton Street.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA mikveh or mikvah is a pool of water, gathered from rain or from a spring, which is used for ritual purification and ablutions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry and Lea Chernoff operated a dry goods store at 584 Bay Street. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=1619.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Savannah Municipal Auditorium was built in 1916 and located on Orleans Square, fronting on Barnard Street, and bounded on Jefferson, Hull, and Perry Stree. The building was demolished in October 1971 to make way for the Savannah Civic Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2826.0,2881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIda Slotin Wilensky (1912-2013) was a Savannah native and the daughter of Morris and Elizabeth Slotin. she served as president of the local Savannah Hadassah Chapter from 1942-44, as president of the Southeast Region of Hadassah, and served as a member on the national Board of Hadassah. She was instrumental in the birth of the Savannah Jewish Council, now the Savannah Jewish Federation, and was a lifelong member of the Jewish Educational Alliance and BB Jacob Synagogue. She and her husband, Joseph Wilensky, ran a dress shop called Joseph's on Broughton Street. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2826.0,2881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Sylvia Romm Ehrlich (1918-1989) was an Atlanta native and the oldest of three children born to Rosalie Mendel Romm (1896-1970) and Solomon Romm (1893-1954). Marilyn attended the University of Illinois, where she met her husband, Daniel Charles Ehrlich (1916-1993). The couple lived in Atlanta, where they were members of the Temple and had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2928.0,2979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiriam Slotin Levy was a Savannah native and the daughter of Morris and Elizabeth Slotin.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2981.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDoris “Dolly” Fein Karsman (1915-1977) was a Savannah native. She married Alvin Karsman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=2981.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the United States, \"Pullman\" was used to refer to railroad sleeping cars that operated on most United States railroads by the Pullman Company (founded by George Pullman) from 1867 to 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3066.0,3077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1867, George Pullman began exclusively hiring African American men—many of them formerly enslaved—as porters on his luxury sleeper cars. He believed they were best suited to serve white passengers due to their experience in servitude and would be less visible to his white clientele, helping them feel more at ease. With few other job opportunities available, many accepted the long hours and low pay. Though rooted in racism, this practice made the Pullman Company the nation’s largest employer of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3078.0,3242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSigma Delta Tau (ΣΔΤ or “Sig Delt”) is a national sorority and member of the National Panhellenic Conference and was founded March 25, 1917, at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. The original name, Sigma Delta Phi, was changed after the women discovered a sorority with the same name already existed. Today, Sigma Delta Tau has over 40,000 initiates from 100 chapters around the United States. Seven Jewish women founded Sigma Delta Tau. There is no religious requirement for membership to the sorority, nor is it affiliated with any one religion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3078.0,3242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePopular during the Swing Era of the 1930s and 1940s, a big band, or jazz orchestra, is a large jazz ensemble typically composed of ten or more musicians in four sections. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3244.0,3525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Hal Kemp (1904–1940) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, clarinetist, composer, arranger, and bandleader. Active from the 1920s to 1940, he led a popular orchestra known for several hit recordings.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3244.0,3525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSigma Alpha Mu (ΣΑΜ or “Sammy”) is a college fraternity founded at the City College of New York in 1909. Originally a Jewish-only organization, the fraternity became open to men of all faiths in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3244.0,3525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNehi is a flavored soft drink that was first introduced in the United States in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3644.0,3668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohnny Harris was a restaurant located at 2001 East Victory Drive in Savannah. It opened in 1924 as barbecue shack and later moved to the Victory Drive location. At one point, the restaurant has a dance floor in the middle of the dining room and was a draw for big bands during the 1930s and 1940s. The restaurant closed in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3644.0,3668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat\u003cbr\u003e (Hebrew) or Shabbos/Shabbes (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3669.0,3788.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3813.0,3821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Levy's was a prominent men’s clothing store located at 10 W. Broughton Street in Savannah during the mid-20th century. It was owned by \u003cbr\u003eMorris Levy and his wife Mary. \u003cbr\u003eThere was another store called Levy’s Department Store, that was \u003cbr\u003efounded in 1871 by Benjamin H. Levy, a French immigrant from Alsace-Lorraine and originally called B.H. Levy Brothers \u0026amp; Co. It grew into Levy’s Department Store, once Savannah’s largest retailer. The company moved several times before constructing a new building at 201 E. Broughton Street in 1925. Levy’s became part of the Allied Stores group in 1947 and was remodeled in 1954 with a modern façade and Savannah’s first escalator. The store was the site of a 1960 civil rights sit-in and operated until merging with Maas Brothers in 1985. After closing in 1987, the building was acquired by the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) in 1996 and reopened in 1999 as the Jen Library.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=3862.0,3876.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCD Peacock, originally established as The House of Peacock, \u003cbr\u003eis a Chicago-based retail jewelry store founded in 1837 by Elijah Peacock.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4028.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited States Steel Corporation, commonly known as U.S. Steel, is an American steel producer headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with production operations primarily in the United States of America and Central Europe. The company produces and sells steel products for industries including automotive, construction, consumer, and energy. The company was founded in 1901 and in 2022, the company was the world's 24th-largest steel producer and the second largest in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4028.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eProhibition is the legal act of prohibiting the manufacture, storage, transportation and sale of alcohol including alcoholic beverages. The first half of the twentieth century saw periods of prohibition of alcoholic beverages in several countries. Nationwide prohibition did not begin in the United States until 1920, when the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution went into effect. Prohibition became increasingly unpopular during the Great Depression along with a demand for increased employment and tax revenues. The ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment brought an official end to prohibition in the United States in 1933.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4290.0,4351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSpatterdashes\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e(sometimes called spats or gaiters) are short cloth or leather covers worn over shoes and around the ankle to protect men’s footwear and lower legs from mud, dirt, and moisture on unpaved streets. They became popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries but fell out of use by the 1920s as urban streets were modernized.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4403.0,4438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Selective Service System, an independent federal agency in the U.S., was created to administer the military draft nationwide to conscript troops quickly in the event of war. Founded in 1940, the Selective Service System oversaw the military registration of all draft-age males (ages 18 - 25). This was the first peacetime draft in United States' history. By the end of the war in 1945, 50 million men between eighteen and forty-five had registered for the draft and 10 million had been inducted in the military.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4438.0,4589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePaul Francis Jurgenson Jr. (1938-2016) was a Savannah native and a medical doctor who specialized in infectious diseases. He was the son of Mildred Barrett Jurgensen and Paul F. Jurgensen Sr. and the grandson of Julia and Paul Albert Jurgenson.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTybee Island is a barrier island and city near Savannah, Georgia. The island is the eastern most point in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe concept of the variety store originated with the “five and ten,” “five and dime,” “nickel and ten-cent store,” or “dime store,” a store offering a wide assortment of inexpensive items for personal and household use. The originators of the concept were the Woolworth Bros. in the late 1800s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrances is likely referring to Levy Jewelers, which was started in 1900 by Aaron Malitz Levy in Savannah, Georgia. In 1928, Aaron’s son, Jack took over the business. By 1935 the store moved to its flagship store on Broughton Street. Today it is operated by the fourth generation of Levy family with four locations in Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWright Square is one of 22 squares in Savannah. Located at Bull Street and President Street, it was laid out in 1733 as one of the first four squares.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4590.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYachum \u0026amp; Yachum was a Savannah department store opened by the Perelman brothers after they returned from World War I. It was named for a town in Mexico where the brothers were stationed during the war. The store catered to African Americans and was destroyed by a Molotov cocktail sometime after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohnson Square is the oldest and largest square in Savannah, Georgia. Laid out in 1733, it was the first of the city’s 22 squares. It is located at the intersection of Bull Street and E. Bryan Street.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNathan Harvey Weitz (1942-2011) was an attorney and a Savannah native. After graduating from Savannah High School, he attended the University of Georgia, receiving his law degree in 1966. He spent much of his career as a partner of Weiner, Shearouse, Weitz, Greenberg and Shawe. Weitz was an active member of the Jewish Educational Alliance and Congregation B'nai Brith synagogue. He and his wife, Helen, had three sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1940, Harry Eichholz (1914-2006), a Savannah native and WWII veteran, founded Ben Sheftall Beauty and Barber Supply Company at 525 E Broughton Street after starting out selling supplies door-to-door for his cousin, Ben Sheftall, in 1936. In the 1980s, Harry and his son Richard launched Buy-Rite Beauty salon furniture stores throughout the Southeast. As of 2025, Ben Sheftall Beauty \u0026amp; Barber Supply is located at 346 Martin Luther King Jr Boulevard.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmanuel Lewis (1904-1984) was a Jewish American lawyer, judge and businessman. Born in southeastern Georgia, he studied law at the University of Georgia. Lewis served as Savannah Municipal Court Judge from 1933 to 1943 and was elected Police Court judge in 1946. He was also a co-founder of the Home Federal Savings and Loan Association. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSidney Raskin (1916-2011) was a Savannah, Georgia native. He was the son of Isaac and Hannah Raskin. Sidney graduated from Benedictine Military School and earned his law degree from the University of Georgia. He served in World War II on the Pacific front. He practiced law in Savannah and was also a real estate developer. Sidney served on the Chatham County Board of Education during desegregation. He also was a member of the Jewish Educational Alliance, Bnai Brith Jacob Synagogue, the Alee Temple and was the founding member and President of City Lights Theater. He and his wife, Anita, had four children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSlotin and Company was one of the largest dry goods wholesalers in Savannah during the early 20th century. In 1926, the Slotin family, which operated the business, built a five-story building at the corner of West Broad Street (now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard) and Broughton Street. In the 1980s, SCAD purchased the building, and it is now Herstad Hall. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=4755.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnnette’s Dairy was owned by Ernest Coren Bull (1880-1969) and his wife, Mary Emmalien “Mamie” Allen Bull (1890-1982), who named the business after their daughter, Annette Bull Fitchett. The Bull’s owned a farm in nearby Pooler but operated the business at 2431 Habersham Street. The dairy opened sometime after 1920 and was in operation until the late 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5422.0,5558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe original Hotel Tybee was built in 1889. After a fire destroyed it in 1909, it was rebuilt in 1911 and served island visitors for the next 50 years. In 1989, it was privately purchased and renamed Ocean Plaza Beach Resort before being sold again in 2015 and renamed Hotel Tybee. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5422.0,5558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTybee Road is an 11-mile scenic byway that connects Tybee Island to the mainland of Savannah. Built in the 1920s, the roadway was part of the original U.S. Route 80, which ends on Tybee Island. Prior to the road’s construction, Tybee Island was accessible through an 18-mile train ride from Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5422.0,5558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \"opera cottages\" on Tybee Island were a group of cottages located at the intersection of Jones Avenue and Chatham Avenue. Originally built around 1910, the cottages were white with bright red shingle roofs and featured small, distinctive upper sleeping porches.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the 1930s, the road to Tybee Island, U.S. 80, crossed Bull River using a wooden swing bridge. A swing bridge is a movable bridge with a deck that pivots horizontally to let boats pass. Early versions used timber trusses mounted on a circular pivot and were operated by complex gear and motor systems requiring bridge tenders. They were often unreliable and prone to getting stuck. The old wooden bridge was later replaced by the Frederick Hahn Bridge, a steel structure dedicated and opened to traffic in 1967. The Hahn Bridge is what is now known as the Bull River Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliams Seafood was established on Tybee Road in Tybee Island, Georgia in 1936 by Thomas W. Williams (1893-1991) and his wife, Leila Stafford Williams (1901-1976). The popular family-run establishment was destroyed by an arson fire in 2004 and is no longer in operation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ford Model T was an automobile produced by the Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908 to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first mass produced automobile, which made it affordable to middle-class Americans. The lower price of the vehicle was due in part to Ford’s creation of assembly line production which created cost savings to produce the automobile. Over 15 million Model T’s were sold, making it the most sold car in history until the Volkswagen Beetle surpassed in in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe original Tybrisa Pavilion was built in 1891 by the Central of Georgia Railroad. It became a well-known destination for day-trippers and seasonal visitors during a time when advertisements hailed Tybee as the \"Premier South Atlantic Resort.\" The open dance floor with its crystal ball made it a popular stop for \"Big Band\" tours and entertainers. It also housed amenities like a bathhouse, restaurant, bowling alley, and skating rink.  A fire destroyed the Pavilion in 1967. A new pavilion called the Tybrisa Pavilion II was dedicated on August 9, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFlit was the brand name of an insecticide for flies and mosquitos launched in 1923 by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. A hand operated sprayed called a Flit gun was used to spray the insecticide. An advertising campaign from 1928 to 1941 featured artwork by Theodor Seuss Geisel that typically showed people menaced by whimsical insect-like creaturesand made \"Quick, Henry, the Flit!\" a popular catchphrase in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=5559.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBlue Star Camps is a Jewish summer camp for children ages 6-16 located in Hendersonville, North Carolina. It was founded in 1948 by Harry, Herman, and Ben Popkin. Lauren Popkin Herschthal, the granddaughter of Herman Poplin and her husband Seth Herschthal are the third generation to owner and direct the camp.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6242.0,6462.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Central of Georgia Hospital was an 80-bed facility established in 1927 in Savannah by the Central of Georgia Railway for its employees. It was gifted to Candler Hospital, Inc. in 1963 and is now known as Candler-Central Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6470.0,6583.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6670.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe war in the Pacific Theater did not end until August 15, 1945, when Japan officially surrendered.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6670.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePearl Harbor is located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands is a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese surprised the United States by attacking the United States’ fleet, which was docked in Pearl Harbor. Just before 8 a.m. on that Sunday morning, hundreds of Japanese planes descended on the base, where they managed to destroy or damage nearly 20 American naval vessels, including eight battleships, and over 300 airplanes. More than 2,400 Americans died in the attack, including civilians, and another 1,000 people were wounded. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was the beginning of World War II for the United States, which until that time had remained neutral. A few days later, Germany declared war on the United States as well and we began fighting in the Pacific and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=6670.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1920s, Henry C. Walthour developed a luxury community on Wilmington Island centered around the General Oglethorpe Hotel and its golf course. Purchased by William Lattimore in 1965, the property became the Savannah Inn and Country Club, later the Sheraton Hotel, before closing in the 1980s. It was later converted into the Wilmington Plantation condominiums, while the golf course became the Wilmington Island Club. Under new ownership in 2018, it was renamed the Savannah Country Club.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7089.0,7098.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFriedman's Framing is a family-owned and operated picture framing business in Savannah, Georgia. It was first established by Bessie Bluestone Friedman (1874-1936) as Friedman’s Art Store in 1902.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7547.0,7578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) was an American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Standard Oil Company and is considered the wealthiest American in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7697.0,7785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Carillon is housed in the 205-foot-tall Singing Tower at Bok Tower Gardens in Lake Wales, Florida. The 60-bell carillon is played using a clavier (keyboard) twice daily.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7697.0,7785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn November 18, 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt delivered an address at Municipal Stadium in Savannah, Georgia, to commemorate the bicentennial of the state of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7785.0,7803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFranklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-twentieth century, leading the United States through a time of worldwide economic crisis and war. Popularly known as “FDR,” he collapsed and died in his home in Warm Springs, Georgia just a few months before the end of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7785.0,7803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBetween 1906 and 1916, Eleanor and Franklin D. Roosevelt had \u003cbr\u003esix children, one of whom died in infancy. They had one surviving daughter, Anna, and four sons: Jimmy, Elliott, Franklin, Jr., and John. It is not clear which son Frances is referring to. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7804.0,7881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoosevelt was diagnosed with infantile paralysis, better known as polio, in 1921, at the age of 39. Despite permanent paralysis from the waist down, he was careful never to be seen using his wheelchair in public, and great care was taken to prevent any portrayal in the press that would highlight his disability.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7804.0,7881.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Tommy Tucker Orchestra was a popular big band in the 1920s through 1940s. Tommy Tucker was the stage name of its bandleader, Gerald L. Duppler (1903-1989).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7884.0,8057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBlue Steele was the stage name of Eugene Staples (1893-1971), an American jazz singer, trombonist, and bandleader. In the 1920s, he put together an orchestra that became popular, touring throughout the South.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7884.0,8057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsadore H. Weitz (1914-2007) was born in Savannah, Georgia to Louis and Rose Weitz and served in the U.S. Army during World War II. He was President of Friedman's Art Store and active in multiple organizations, including Bnai Brith Jacob Synagogue and the American Legion. He had three sons with his first wife, Bernice Trace Weitz (1917-1976), and later married Shirley Gertrude Makeover Blass (1917-2006), a widow who also had three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=7884.0,8057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNamed after the Native Americans that lived in what is now Savannah when James Oglethorpe \u003cbr\u003elanded in Savannah, Yamacraw is bounded by the Savannah Ogeechee Canal on the west, Martin\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eLuther King, Jr. Blvd on the east, Bay Street on the north and Hull Street on the south. In 1941,\u003cbr\u003epublic housing was constructed in the neighborhood, complete with state-of-the-art appliances\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eand solar panels on the roofs. It remains public housing to this day. Yamacraw Village is a historic area in Savannah that was a prominent African American community in the early 20th century, inspiring songs and poetry. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eonce a thriving, artistic neighborhood reminiscent of the Harlem Renaissance. Through a variety of policies and outside influence, Yamacraw has been reduced to public housing community. was established in the early 19th century by freed African Americans, including former slaves the site of Yamacraw Village, a public housing complex that faces demolition, The area is home to Yamacraw Village, the city's oldest public housing complex.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8237.0,8360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFort Screven was established in 1897 as part of America’s integral coastal defense system. It was operational from 1898-1944. It is now a neighborhood on Tybee Island, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8776.0,8780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel Frederic Rosen (1905-1994) was a dermatologist who graduated from Augusta University in 1929 and practiced for more than 40 years in Savannah, Georgia. He also served as a consulting dermatologist for the U.S. Public Health Service and helped found the Savannah Tumor Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8780.0,8859.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807/annotation_set/2068/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmanuel “Manny” Frederic Rosen (1912-1983) was a medical doctor in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/162417/file/295807#t=8878.0,8895.0"}]}]}]}