{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/k35m902s9z/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Alexander, Elaine Barron"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2020-02-13 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eElaine Barron Alexander was interviewed by Sandy Berman on February 13, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eElaine Barron Alexander was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1934. She graduated from Wesley College. Elaine married Miles Alexander in 1955 and the couple moved to Atlanta, Georgia soon after. Following Miles’ career in the Air Force, Elaine and Miles lived on bases in Clovis, New Mexico, where Elaine taught third grade, and St. John’s Newfoundland. The Alexanders eventually moved back and raised their four children, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige, in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has served on numerous civic and Jewish boards and commissions during her life. She served as Executive Director of Leadership Atlanta from 1978 to 1992 and was a founding member of the American Jewish Committee’s Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition. She was a member of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Commission on the Status of Women from 1976 to 1979 and served on the board of the Atlanta Women’s Foundation from 1997 to 2004. Elaine was also the founding President of Vote Choice / A Georgia PAC and is a volunteer and an avid supporter of Planned Parenthood. Elaine is also a life board member of the American Jewish Committee and Southeast Region’s Anti-Defamation League.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has also been very involved in Atlanta’s political scene. She served as Vice Chair of the Georgia Democratic Party and has supported and worked on many political campaigns, including those of Maynard Jackson, Elliott Levitas, John Lewis, Michael Dukakis, Shirley Franklin, and Kasim Reed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has received many honors and awards in her life, including the YWCA Women of Achievement Award in 1985 and the Anti-Defamation League’s Community Service Award in 1997. She also received Planned Parenthood of Georgia’s Living Legend Award in 2005 and in 2010, Elaine received the American Jewish Committee Humanitarian Award. Elaine, Miles, and Kent Alexander were the co-recipients of the Atlanta Jewish Committee’s Selig Distinguished Service Award in 2010. Elaine was also named The Bettie Brand Mothers’ Empowerment Fund 2018 Daughter of Distinction.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eThe interview begins with Elaine reflecting on her childhood in Brookline and how she and her husband, Miles Alexander, lived in Clovis, New Mexico and St. John’s, Newfoundland while Miles was serving with the Air Force. Elaine goes into some of her family history and reminisces about her grandfather and his second-hand furniture store. She discusses how his stinginess really led to her philanthropic pursuits later in life. Elaine also talks about how she realized she had dyslexia and how that affected her growing up and later in life. Elaine goes on to talk about her college career and how she transferred from Boston University to Lesley University to be closer to Miles. She recounts how she and Miles first met and how they ultimately fell in love as counselors at the same summer camp.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine recalls her first impressions of moving to the South and living in small cities for the first time in her life. She also shares her experiences with Jim Crow laws in the South and in Washington, D.C. and her first encounter with the Ku Klux Klan. She goes on to discuss her work with Elliott Levitas and his political campaigns. Elaine describes the problems she had trying to register to vote in DeKalb County and how that experience and The Feminine Mystique really turned her into a feminist in Atlanta. She talks about her involvement with Jewish organizations in Atlanta, how she first got involved with the American Jewish Committee and discusses her time with the AJC’s Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine goes on to describe her friendship with Maynard Jackson and shares a few funny stories from their time together. She shares her feelings on Maynard as Mayor of Atlanta and discusses her contributions to his campaigns. She also talks about her activities with Leadership Atlanta and how she became the organization’s Executive Director and later Co-Executive Director with Myrtle Davis. She describes her tenure with Leadership Atlanta and how the organization has changed over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe interview briefly moves back to Elaine’s involvement in the political scene as she recollects her contribution to Elliott Levitas’ 1984 congressional campaign and how they managed the anti-Semitism that tinged the campaign. Elaine reflects on Black-Jewish relations at the time of the interview and describes how the Power of One has influenced her. She goes on to discuss what she considers to be her greatest accomplishment within the community, her founding and participation in Vote Choice, a PAC focused on keeping the Georgia Legislature pro-choice. Elaine also talks about her involvement with Planned Parenthood and how she sees the organization becoming stronger in light of its vilification. Elaine briefly talks about experiencing sexism while on the board of the United Way and how she nominated women that otherwise would not have been considered during her time on the organization’s Nominating Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine shares why she chose to join Ahavath Achim Synagogue over the Temple when she moved to Atlanta and details how she felt about Rabbi Harry Epstein. She also reflects on how she learned about the Temple being bombed in 1958. She shares that she learned through a panicked phone call from her mother and how she had to decide if Atlanta was where she wanted to raise her family. Elaine discusses the various awards and honors she’s received and shares which ones were the most meaningful to her.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe interview wraps up with Elaine discussing her four children, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige, and their careers and accomplishments. Elaine expresses that she desperately wants great-grandchildren and that she’s begun knitting baby blankets in her spare time.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28611"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Elaine Barron Alexander (personal name)","Miles Alexander (personal name)","Kent Alexander (personal name)","David Alexander (personal name)","Michael Alexander (personal name)","Paige Alexander (personal name)","Miriam Barron (personal name)","Arnold Barron (personal name)","Max Barron (personal name)","Elliott Levitas (personal name)","Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr. (personal name)","Bunnie Jackson-Ransom (personal name)","Rabbi Jacob Mortimer \"Jack\" Rothschild (personal name)","Rabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (personal name)","Rabbi Roland Bertram Gittelsohn (personal name)","Cecil Abraham Alexander, Jr. (personal name)","John Robert Lewis (personal name)","Ozell Sutton (personal name)","William \"Sonny\" Walker (personal name)","Sherry Zimmerman Frank (personal name)","Jule Meyer Sugarman (personal name)","Reginald \"Reggie\" Eaves (personal name)","Barbara Miller (personal name)","Don Chapman (personal name)","Myrtle Reid Davis (personal name)","Gail Hirschorn Evans (personal name)","Mary Anne Summers (personal name)","L. Neil Williams (personal name)","United States Air Force (corporate name)","Boston University (BU) (corporate name)","Harvard Law School (corporate name)","Lesley University (corporate name)","Emory University (corporate name)","Atlanta Biltmore Hotel (corporate name)","Ahavath Achim Synagogue (corporate name)","The Temple (Hebrew Benevolent Congregation) (corporate name)","Temple Sinai (corporate name)","American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) (corporate name)","Anti-Defamation League (ADL) (corporate name)","American Jewish Committee (AJC) (corporate name)","American Jewish Committee's Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition (corporate name)","Leadership Atlanta (corporate name)","Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta (corporate name)","National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) (corporate name)","Women's Division of the Atlanta Jewish Federation (corporate name)","Planned Parenthood Southeast (corporate name)","Vote Choice / A Georgia PAC (corporate name)","United Way Worldwide (corporate name)","The Carter Center (corporate name)","Tau Epsilon Phi (TEP) (corporate name)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Boston, Massachusetts (geographic term)","Brookline, Massachusetts (geographic term)","Cambridge, Massachusetts (geographic term)","Clovis, New Mexico (geographic term)","St. John's, Newfoundland (geographic term)","Orthodox Judaim (topical term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","The Great Depression (topical term)","Dyslexia (topical term)","Jewish Quota (topical term)","Anti-Semitism (topical term)","Ku Klux Klan (topical term)","Jim Crow Laws (topical term)","Segregation (topical term)","Integration (topical term)","Voting Rights Act of 1965 (topical term)","Black-Jewish Relations (topical term)","Jewish Community (topical term)","Power of One (topical term)","Pro-Choice (topical term)","Roe v. Wade (1973) (topical term)","Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989) (topical term)","Bar Mitzvah (topical term)","Bat Mitzvah (topical term)","Politics (topical term)","The Temple Bombing (topical term)","The Feminine Mystique (topical term)","Max Lowenstein (personal name)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eElaine Barron Alexander was interviewed by Sandy Berman on February 13, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElaine Barron Alexander was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1934. She graduated from Wesley College. Elaine married Miles Alexander in 1955 and the couple moved to Atlanta, Georgia soon after. Following Miles\u0026rsquo; career in the Air Force, Elaine and Miles lived on bases in Clovis, New Mexico, where Elaine taught third grade, and St. John\u0026rsquo;s Newfoundland. The Alexanders eventually moved back and raised their four children, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige, in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has served on numerous civic and Jewish boards and commissions during her life. She served as Executive Director of Leadership Atlanta from 1978 to 1992 and was a founding member of the American Jewish Committee\u0026rsquo;s Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition. She was a member of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Commission on the Status of Women from 1976 to 1979 and served on the board of the Atlanta Women\u0026rsquo;s Foundation from 1997 to 2004. Elaine was also the founding President of Vote Choice / A Georgia PAC and is a volunteer and an avid supporter of Planned Parenthood. Elaine is also a life board member of the American Jewish Committee and Southeast Region\u0026rsquo;s Anti-Defamation League.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has also been very involved in Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s political scene. She served as Vice Chair of the Georgia Democratic Party and has supported and worked on many political campaigns, including those of Maynard Jackson, Elliott Levitas, John Lewis, Michael Dukakis, Shirley Franklin, and Kasim Reed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine has received many honors and awards in her life, including the YWCA Women of Achievement Award in 1985 and the Anti-Defamation League\u0026rsquo;s Community Service Award in 1997. She also received Planned Parenthood of Georgia\u0026rsquo;s Living Legend Award in 2005 and in 2010, Elaine received the American Jewish Committee Humanitarian Award. Elaine, Miles, and Kent Alexander were the co-recipients of the Atlanta Jewish Committee\u0026rsquo;s Selig Distinguished Service Award in 2010. Elaine was also named The Bettie Brand Mothers\u0026rsquo; Empowerment Fund 2018 Daughter of Distinction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview begins with Elaine reflecting on her childhood in Brookline and how she and her husband, Miles Alexander, lived in Clovis, New Mexico and St. John\u0026rsquo;s, Newfoundland while Miles was serving with the Air Force. Elaine goes into some of her family history and reminisces about her grandfather and his second-hand furniture store. She discusses how his stinginess really led to her philanthropic pursuits later in life. Elaine also talks about how she realized she had dyslexia and how that affected her growing up and later in life. Elaine goes on to talk about her college career and how she transferred from Boston University to Lesley University to be closer to Miles. She recounts how she and Miles first met and how they ultimately fell in love as counselors at the same summer camp.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine recalls her first impressions of moving to the South and living in small cities for the first time in her life. She also shares her experiences with Jim Crow laws in the South and in Washington, D.C. and her first encounter with the Ku Klux Klan. She goes on to discuss her work with Elliott Levitas and his political campaigns. Elaine describes the problems she had trying to register to vote in DeKalb County and how that experience and The Feminine Mystique really turned her into a feminist in Atlanta. She talks about her involvement with Jewish organizations in Atlanta, how she first got involved with the American Jewish Committee and discusses her time with the AJC\u0026rsquo;s Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine goes on to describe her friendship with Maynard Jackson and shares a few funny stories from their time together. She shares her feelings on Maynard as Mayor of Atlanta and discusses her contributions to his campaigns. She also talks about her activities with Leadership Atlanta and how she became the organization\u0026rsquo;s Executive Director and later Co-Executive Director with Myrtle Davis. She describes her tenure with Leadership Atlanta and how the organization has changed over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe interview briefly moves back to Elaine\u0026rsquo;s involvement in the political scene as she recollects her contribution to Elliott Levitas\u0026rsquo; 1984 congressional campaign and how they managed the anti-Semitism that tinged the campaign. Elaine reflects on Black-Jewish relations at the time of the interview and describes how the Power of One has influenced her. She goes on to discuss what she considers to be her greatest accomplishment within the community, her founding and participation in Vote Choice, a PAC focused on keeping the Georgia Legislature pro-choice. Elaine also talks about her involvement with Planned Parenthood and how she sees the organization becoming stronger in light of its vilification. Elaine briefly talks about experiencing sexism while on the board of the United Way and how she nominated women that otherwise would not have been considered during her time on the organization\u0026rsquo;s Nominating Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eElaine shares why she chose to join Ahavath Achim Synagogue over the Temple when she moved to Atlanta and details how she felt about Rabbi Harry Epstein. She also reflects on how she learned about the Temple being bombed in 1958. She shares that she learned through a panicked phone call from her mother and how she had to decide if Atlanta was where she wanted to raise her family. Elaine discusses the various awards and honors she\u0026rsquo;s received and shares which ones were the most meaningful to her.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe interview wraps up with Elaine discussing her four children, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige, and their careers and accomplishments. Elaine expresses that she desperately wants great-grandchildren and that she\u0026rsquo;s begun knitting baby blankets in her spare time.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/123/779/small/Alexander_Elaine.mp4_1632426487.jpg?1632412093","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Alexander_Elaine.mp4"]},"duration":5156.91,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/123/779/small/Alexander_Elaine.mp4_1632426487.jpg?1632412093","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/123/779/original/Alexander_Elaine.mp4?1632412043","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":5156.91,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Alexander, Elaine [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is February 13, 2020. My name is Sandy Berman, and I am with\nElaine Alexander who has agreed to participate in this oral history interview\nfor the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project for the William Breman\nJewish Heritage Museum.\n\nALEXANDER: With pleasure.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you so much, it's quite an honor to be able to do this. I'm\nthrilled. I want to begin by talking to you a little bit about your background,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where and when you were born.\n\nALEXANDER: I was born in Boston [Massachusetts] in 1934. My parents brought me\nhome from the hospital to the apartment that I lived in all of my growing up\nyears, and left the day I got married, which was on my 21st birthday. I say\nBoston, it was in Brookline. Went to the same Brookline High School that my\nmother went to. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Had one teacher who used to look at me as I was acting up,\nsaying \"Why couldn't you be more like your mother?\" Which is a burden because\nshe was good, I wasn't. Came to Atlanta [Georgia] after we were married, so that\nMiles [Alexander] could, right after we were married, so that Miles could start\nstudying for the Georgia Bar Examination. We lived in the Darlington Apartments\nuntil he got his orders for the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Air Force. Then we drove out in our two-door\n1955 Ford to Clovis, New Mexico. We're stationed for a year, and I taught school\nthere. Had a wonderful teaching experience. It was half military kids in my\nthird grade and half Clovis, New Mexico white kids because there was also a\nMexican school that I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had done some substituting in. They realized I was not a\ngood substitute teacher because I couldn't understand Spanish. When one little\nboy came up to me and asked if he could go to the bathroom, I didn't know what\nthe hell he was saying and he peed in his pants. So that was my last day\nsubstituting at one of the Clovis, New Mexico Mexican schools. Then Miles got\norders to St. John's, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newfoundland. I knew I had married well when my new\nhusband took me to New Mexico for the summer and Newfoundland for the winter. It\nwas a wonderful experience being up there. We were one of the very few Jewish\ncouples. We lived very close to the base, so our apartment became the\nrecreation, food, and drink center for the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"officers at Newfoundland Air Force\nBase, St. John's, Newfoundland.\n\nBERMAN: I'd like to go back just a little bit to your beginning. What were your\nparent's names?\n\nALEXANDER: My mother was Miriam Lowenstein. Her father owned a very, very large\nsecond-hand furniture, it was furniture \"objects dart\" because he bought out\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"estates. He had a store that was a wonderland of furniture, art, porcelain,\nsilver, anything that came with an estate. He was very successful. In the\nDepression he lost everything, and the insurance company hired him to run the\nbusiness and he paid them off, continued the business, and built it back up. He\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a nasty, nasty man. I adored him and he was a fabulous businessman. There\nwas not a charitable hair on his head. He made it and he kept it.\n\nBERMAN: That's really a great story considering how, I mean, you've been so\ninvolved in so many social and philanthropic ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"causes and, you know, that he was --\n\nALEXANDER: Well, I called my grandfather M. L. because that's what his salesmen\ncalled him, Max Lowenstein. M. L. was a real inspiration to me because he was so\nproud of his stinginess. That became a focus for me, not for me to be stingy,\nbut that he was so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stingy, he was so non-philanthropic, and he had money and\nother people needed it. So, there was a clear delineation in my mind between the\nhaves and have-nots. He was a have and I knew because of that I was a have. I\nthink that the idea of sharing wealth came more easily ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to me because not only\nwas Miles very successful, but after M. L. died, I shared his estate with my\nmother and brother. So it wasn't that I was thumbing my nose at M. L., but, and\nit wasn't that I was trying to make up for what he didn't do, but because of him\nI had the wherewithal to do with my own money what I wanted.\n\nBERMAN: And your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"father? What did he do?\n\nALEXANDER: My father was a traveling salesman and he sold furniture. He did\nwell, he supported his family. He came from a very Orthodox background. My\nmother came from a Reform background. My father's family was very aware of that,\nbut they were very understanding ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of intermarriage, and back then that was\nintermarriage. It was an interesting concept for me to find out how people could\nbe Jewish one way and Jewish another way too. I have one brother [Arnold], four\nyears older than I am. He was the exact opposite of me. Not only ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gender but he\nwas a goody-goody two shoes, did everything he was supposed to do, did very well\nin school, and sucked up to people. I did none of those things. That established\nmy independence.\n\nBERMAN: I read in one of your bios when I was doing some research for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this\ninterview that you have dyslexia.\n\nALEXANDER: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: How has that affected you in your, growing up and then also later in life?\n\nALEXANDER: Growing up it affected me because my father felt the only way to\nchange my \"habits\" was to be cruel. So, I got a lot of spankings, a lot of\nbeatings ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the belt, because I couldn't understand arithmetic. It was beyond\nhis ability to believe that a child of his didn't get all A's and B's, which I\ndidn't. I think I became more rambunctious because I knew I couldn't succeed in\nnumbers or in reading. I learned to read the summer I had whooping cough. Back\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then, when you had whooping cough, they put you in a room with the shades drawn\nand you couldn't do anything. There could be a light on, but no daylight. One of\nmy mother's friends bought me a gift which was a Bobbsey Twins book, and I\ndidn't read. I tried to read that book. I tried, and I tried, before I knew it,\nI was reading. By the time I got out of that room I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had read almost the whole\nBobbsey Twins series. So, that was how my dyslexia was manifest in school, that\nI couldn't read, and yet I had the ability to draw up these old lessons and\nteach myself to read when I wanted to.\n\nBERMAN: Was it actually diagnosed when you were --\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, no. No. That's a wonderful question to ask me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly. I\nknew I had these problems when I would be studying for exams in college. I knew\nthat everybody couldn't be having as much trouble digesting the information that\nI was having. I went to, I majored in elementary education and read a very\ninteresting piece that someone had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"written about different ways of learning.\nThere was a learning dysfunction that manifests itself this, this, and this, and\nhere I was. A year or so later they gave it the name dyslexia. I recognized it\nin myself because I had the history of it. I recognized it in one of my children\nbecause every, a lot that he did was so familiar to me, and two of my\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandchildren. Having dyslexia, I think was, ended up as a positive thing for\nme, particularly when I was able to give it a name.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you go to college?\n\nALEXANDER: I went, I started at BU, Boston University, because my father would\nnot let me leave home to [go to] school. He didn't trust me, rightfully so. I\nwould've gone ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"crazy if I had been on my own at 17 years old. I had to live at\nhome. My brother was at college, away, and my father never said I couldn't go\nbecause he didn't trust me, what he said was, \"Arnold is gone, you have to stay\nhome with mom. I travel.\" So, that was that. I started, I went to BU because\nthat was his alma mater and I felt that gave me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a broader range of options on\nwhat to study and what not to study. Then in April of my, was it April?\nFebruary, February I'm sorry, of my first year at BU, Miles, who I had started\ndating the summer before, was accepted into Harvard Law School. He came over\nthat night and told me about it and I was so excited we were going to be in the\nsame ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"city, how wonderful is this. So, I walked to the MTA, Massachusetts Transit\nAuthority, and took the streetcar to BU. I'm thinking, I'm sitting there on the\nstreetcar, it's rattling on, I'm sitting there, \"You know, if Miles is going to\nbe in Cambridge [Massachusetts], I don't want to be on this side of the river.\"\nSo, I kept going to Park Street Station, took the train to Cambridge and Harvard\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Square, and started walking around. There were a lot of colleges there. There\nwas Radcliffe [College], there was Sargent [College], there was one other school\nI can't remember the name of, very, I'll think of it, very small school, and\nLesley [University]. So, I started at Radcliffe, went to the Admissions Office\nto see if they would accept my trimester grades from BU as a semester at\nRadcliffe, and they laughed in my face. So, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left and I went to Sargent. They\nwere very nice about it, but they said no. Then I went across the street to\nLesley College, that was a very, very small college at the time. I met with the\nHead of Admissions and the President, and I must have sold them a real good bill\nof goods about how much I wanted to be an elementary school teacher, which until\nthat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"day I never thought I did, and I sold them a bill of goods. They accepted\nmy trimester grades as a semester, so I got credit for the semester that I was\nin, got permission to start second semester at Lesley College, which was next\ndoor to Harvard Law School. That night at dinner I told my parents the next\ntuition check they would be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"writing was to Lesley College because I had\ntransferred, and that was it.\n\nBERMAN: You mentioned that you were already, you know, you were dating Miles and\nyou wanted to be close to him, but how did you meet Miles?\n\nALEXANDER: My brother applied for colleges in 1948. 1948 was when all of the\nSecond World War veterans came in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and had the GI Bill and they were applying. He\nwas a good student, so he applied to Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Dartmouth. He\nwas refused at all four and one of them, and I can't remember which one, said in\nthe letter of rejection, \"Our Jewish quota has been filled.\" That was a long\ndiscission between me and my parents because I didn't know from Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quota. My\nfather was very active in his fraternity, which was TEP. He called the executive\ndirector of TEP, and he said, \"Is there a TEP chapter in this country that will\naccept my son?\" Moments later came back with Emory [University]. \"What is\nEmory?\" When Arnold was accepted at Emory I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember when he was here and people\nwould ask my parents and me what my brother was doing, we would say, \"He's at\nEmory University,\" and of course we had to say, \"in Atlanta,\" and in 1948 we had\nto say, \"That's in Georgia.\" We would tell people he was at Emory University in\nAtlanta, Georgia. His freshman year, my father wanted to be here to pin my\nbrother's TEP ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pin on him. Miles, my mother and I came down with my father to\nvisit my brother and Miles was in his pledge class. There was a dance that\nnight. Miles and Elliott [Levitas], who were very friendly, Elliott Levitas,\nwere very friendly with my brother, realized that being two of Arnie's closest\nfriends, one of them had to dance with Elaine, who ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was very heavy, not\nattractive at all. They flipped a coin. Elliott had to dance with me. So, I\nliked Elliott, but I thought that Miles Alexander was just a conceded, terrible\nboy. That was in February of 1949. We started dating the summer of 1951, right\nafter Ar ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"graduated college, we were counselors at the same camp. That's when we\nstarted dating. We started dating because Miles did something he probably has\nnot done since. He tried to dictate my future. He and my brother got together, I\nwas dating a boy in Brookline who was two years older than I was, and we spent\nSaturday afternoons looking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at houses we were going to live in when we got\nmarried. My parents, first of all, didn't approve of my being that serious that\nyoung, that was the most important thing, because he came from a nice family, he\nwas Jewish, the way it should be. So, my brother decided that he would make sure\nthat I fell for somebody else and stopped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seeing this boy. He and another one of\nthe counselors, well, he and my brother, Miles and my brother, decided the one\nfor me was somebody who went to Cornell [University]. So, I could go to Cornell\nfor weekends and all this planned. So, they started pushing this, Jerry was his\nname, and me together. When we went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out as counselors, they would both work it\nso that Jerry and I sat together, that kind of thing. I found out what they had\ndone and I, to this day, remember sitting in the counselors' room, with the\nwomen counselors, telling them what this Miles Alexander and my brother were\ntrying to pull. I said, \"That's not going to happen. I am going to make such a\nplay for Miles ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alexander, don't laugh out loud, but I am going to do everything\nI can to get him to fall for me.\" I did, including looking at him at flag\nraising in the morning and batting my eyelashes, and so obvious, just, I amused\nall of the women counselors as well as myself. When we went out as counselors, I\nwould ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get close to him and snuggle a little bit, because I was having fun. A\nweek later, I wrote a Dear John letter to Sumner. I had fallen head over heels\nin love with Miles.\n\nBERMAN: That is such a great story. I love it. So, you came to Atlanta, I know\nyou came here with Miles in 1955.\n\nALEXANDER: Right after our wedding.\n\nBERMAN: So, how did you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"find Atlanta? Coming from the North, coming to a\nSouthern city, really the heart of the Deep South, what were your first impressions?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, I had never been in a small city. I only met Jewish people,\nwhich was a good thing because that was my life before. I never believed the\nmyth that Jews were in the minority. I taught ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school in Boston while Miles was\nteaching at the law school, and I had 32 students in my class. They were all\nJewish. I didn't find out until I was making lesson plans for the High Holidays\nwhen I'd be out. My high school was majority Jewish, public high school, and my\nparent's friends were without exception Jewish, as were mine. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coming to Atlanta,\nI fell into the same social mellor and it was all of Miles' college friends,\nfraternity, Jewish friends. So, my life and friendships were Jews in a small\ncity. Then we went to Clovis, New Mexico, which was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"large town, one Jewish\nfamily, and that was overwhelming to me. I don't know if Miles told you this\nstory. The first time we had a party in our house in Clovis, New Mexico,\neverybody left, and Miles walked them out to their cars. He came back in and\nfound me crying in the living room. He said, \"What's the matter?\" I said, \"I\nrealized I was the only Jew ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here.\" He said, \"What do you mean? I'm Jewish.\" I\nsaid, \"Not really!\"\n\nBERMAN: That's great.\n\nALEXANDER: So, it was, that was something for me to overcome, which was easy,\nreally. Then when we spent a year back in Boston and we came back to Atlanta, it\nhad grown, but I had grown too. I was more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open to becoming friendly with my\nneighbors in the apartment that we lived in. Then, a few years later, I became\nactive politically the first time Elliott Levitas ran for the Georgia House of Representatives.\n\nBERMAN: Before we get to that, which I want to really talk about in depth, did\nyou, I was just actually reading an interview, a piece that Janice Rothschild\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote about Jack Rothschild, her husband's reaction to seeing Jim Crow when he\nfirst came here from, he was from Pittsburg [Pennsylvania], and he, how it\naffected him with the drinking fountains and the two Gradys and all of that. Was\nthat obvious to you?\n\nALEXANDER: It was obvious to me. The first time I became aware of it is when I\nwent to Washington with my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parents. I was probably ten or 11 years old. I\ncouldn't understand why all the colored people had to sit at the back of the\ntransportation we took. My answer from my parents was, \"This is the South, and\nthere was a man whose name was Jim Crow who made these laws. These laws are the\nlaws of this part of the country.\" That's it. No right or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrong. I tried to\nargue with them, which was --\n\nBERMAN: At ten!\n\nALEXANDER: At ten, which was part of my charm, which was why my father and I had\nso many issues. The argument did not work, and I still didn't know, I didn't\nhave an answer for why. When I came back as an adult, I was used to all of the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things, the things that you just mentioned, the water fountain, well, no, that\nhad integrated by then, that had integrated. Even hotels and restaurants had\nintegrated a little bit by then. But what I couldn't get over were the death\nnotices in the newspaper. There were white death notices and colored death\nnotices. That hit me in the face, it really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did. Then one time, it was many\nyears later, we were going to a political dinner that Richard Nixon was speaking\nat, but we got free tickets, so we went. Parked a couple of blocks away from the\nBiltmore [Hotel] because there was parking on the street there. Where I went to\ncross the street going to the entrance of the Biltmore ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hotel and I saw the Klan\npicketing, even though at that point the mask law was in effect, and I could see\ntheir faces. Just seeing them walk back and forth in front, I stood at the curb\nacross the street and started throwing up. That was my, I think, that was my\nreal introduction to \"Why is it this way?\"\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: What year was that?\n\nALEXANDER: This was probably 1959.\n\nBERMAN: It's really, it was such an unbelievable time.\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, it was. By that time, I had been here long enough to realize that\nmy father's explanation of \"That's the way it is,\" just wasn't going to work for me.\n\nBERMAN: So, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Elliott Levitas was your good friend --\n\nALEXANDER: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: So, it was a natural for you to become involved in his campaign.\n\nALEXANDER: And then that's when I realized I was very good at it.\n\nBERMAN: Well, what did you do initially for the campaign?\n\nALEXANDER: Just as a volunteer and then I started in the office and on the\nphones and everything else. I had had, I was responsible for a little bit of\nsocial disruption, not in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Elliott's campaign but, excuse me, when I --\n\nBERMAN: Did you . . .\n\nALEXANDER: Yeah . . . Was good politics and why was I good at politics? Because\nin politics you can say anything you wanted with absolute conviction that you\nwere right, and you had as much chance being right as the next guy. You could\nmake guesses and make them sound real and that was politics. But my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first, and I\nwant, this is backwards, this is going to my development as a feminist, we had\nlived in the city of Atlanta, moved into DeKalb County shortly after, no, David,\nour second son, was two years old at the time, Kent was three, and I went to\nregister to vote in DeKalb County. I wanted to register under ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the name that I\nconsidered mine, as I had been registered in the city of Atlanta. My name that I\nwanted to register in was Elaine B. Alexander. I'm standing there at the\nregistrar's counter with two little boys, one in my arm, one holding onto my\nleg. He says to me, \"Are you married?\" I said, \"Yes.\" He said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"What's your\nhusband's name?\" I thought he was just looking to see if Miles had registered. I\nsaid, \"Miles J. Alexander.\" He writes something down. I said, \"What did you just\nwrite down?\" He said, \"Your name.\" I said, \"What did you write down?\" He said,\n\"Mrs. Miles J. Alexander.\" I said, \"That is not my name. I want to register as\nElaine B. Alexander.\" He said, \"Not if you want to vote in DeKalb County.\"\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did not know that.\n\nALEXANDER: Then I tried to get people interested in helping me to register under\nmy name, including the ADL [Anti-Defamation League] who thought that was the\nfunniest thing they had ever heard, because they had real problems. Not the ADL,\nI'm sorry, ACLU [American Civil Liberties Union], ACLU. I didn't call the ADL\nbecause I didn't think it was defamation about my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religion. Nobody, lawyers\nwouldn't get involved, nothing. So, the seven years we lived in Dekalb County I\nwas registered as Mrs. Wife.\n\nBERMAN: I love that that was the germ that got you, that kind of made you this\nfeminist icon in Atlanta.\n\nALEXANDER: Well, it was that and the book ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Feminist Mystique. I thought I was\nthe only one. I was doing exactly what I wanted to do, don't misunderstand me. I\nwas raising my children, and my feeling was if I didn't think I could do the\nbest job at that, I shouldn't have them, and I wanted children. Miles wanted me\nto go back to work, go back to school, go back to something that he could\nrespect, which was not being at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home. I don't placidly agree with anything or\neverything that people want me to do. So, if anything, I became more vehement\nabout staying home and raising my children. Miles has since learned, by the way.\nI read The Feminist Mystique and suddenly realized ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I wasn't the only woman\nwho felt this way, that felt she wanted to do something and childrearing, though\nthat was what you wanted to do, wasn't enough, that there were so many things\nthat were not open to me because of my gender. I didn't want to change my life,\nbut I wanted to change the lives of women. That was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"germ of my feminism.\n\nBERMAN: And your beginning with the Levitas campaign, it moved you into --\n\nALEXANDER: Politics.\n\nBERMAN: Politics and also into other areas of community involvement.\n\nALEXANDER: Well, at that point I was very involved in the Jewish community,\nbecause that was my community. Involved in the Federation, involved in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the\nAmerican Jewish Committee [AJC], those were the two major involvements.\n\nBERMAN: Were you active in NJCW? National Council of Jewish Women?\n\nALEXANDER: Not particularly. Interestingly enough, I wasn't. I don't, and to\nthis day, I wonder why. But I was the Vice President of the Women's Division. We\nhad a speaker whose name was Manheim Shapiro, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a name like that you have\nto be an expert, right? He came from New York, so that gave him double creds.\nThe whole day on developing the Jewish community and the fundraising and the\nfund gathering. At the end of the day he said, \"I want to leave you with one\nthought. You're all leaders in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Women's Federation, and if you\nare doing a job that you think somebody else could do, it's time for you to move\non up.\" Well, that made perfect sense, but I heard \"move on out.\" Got home that\nday, the confluence of this is unbelievable, got home, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the phone was ringing,\nand it was Maynard Jackson. I had been active in his campaign, very active in\nhis campaign, made a lot of good African American friends through his campaign.\nI started with Maynard when he ran for Senate and then became super involved as\nhe was running for Mayor. Maynard called me, this was after the election, to ask\nme to chair his inauguration. Those words ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"move on up\" resonated in my mind as\n\"move on out.\" So, that's when I became super involved in the African American\ncommunity. Chaired the campaign and later went to work on Maynard's staff.\n\nBERMAN: What were your first activities with the American Jewish Committee?\n\nALEXANDER: My first activity with the American Jewish Committee, which is\ncontrary to my feminism, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was as a stand in for Miles, because he became\nPresident of the AJC Chapter and he had to do a lot of traveling. I felt it was\nmy obligation as his wife to attend all of these meetings that they had. So, I\ndid. I would get babysitters, I would, you know, I would go to every meeting,\nevery study group, everything. That hooked me on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AJC.\n\nBERMAN: What were some of their early, when you first started, what were some of\nthe issues that was going on like when you first joined the AJC?\n\nALEXANDER: Intercommunity activities and involvement. There were things that\nNCJW also was very involved with politically, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"legislation, and then, of course,\nwhen we were fighting for the Voting Rights Act to be passed, that's when we\nstarted the Black/Jewish Coalition.\n\nBERMAN: Tell me about that. It's such an interesting time -\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, it was. It was.\n\nBERMAN: I can't imagine how exciting it must have been to be at the forefront of\nstarting that part of the AJC.\n\nALEXANDER: Well, I didn't view it as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exciting. I viewed it as something that had\nto be done. I was fully prepared to take a part in that, to right a wrong. We\nmet, it was right after Sherry Frank took over the AJC. We met in Cecil\nAlexander's office. Cecil and I knew all of the black people that were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"invited\nas well as the Jewish people. But Sherry didn't know the black people. Most of\nthe Jewish people didn't know the black people.\n\nBERMAN: Can you tell me who the black people that were at that meeting?\n\nALEXANDER: I wish I could remember. John Lewis, Ozell Sutton, and beyond that,\nSonny Walker, he was there too. But I should, I can't even remember the Jewish\npeople that were there, except for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cecil. My favorite story about Sherry Frank\nis we all went to Cecil's conference room which had big square table and we sat\naround it. Sherry moved a chair out into the corner away from the table so she\ncould take notes. Now I was at that time Executive Director of Leadership\nAtlanta so I knew the fine line between volunteer and staff, and I knew that it\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could be merged because I had done it. Not many people had. I went up to Sherry\nand I said, \"You move that chair back to the table if you want a place and a\nvoice in this, you have to be at the table.\"\n\nBERMAN: I like that.\n\nALEXANDER: That was my feeling. I got a tremendous education from Leadership Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: So, what was the discussion like when, founding of the Black/Jewish\nCoalition and --\n\nALEXANDER: It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't, it was, we weren't, it was a coalition to focus on getting\nthe law passed. So, you know, we contacted legislators and --\n\nBERMAN: By law you mean the Voting Rights . . .\n\nALEXANDER: Voting Rights Act, I'm sorry. [We] contacted legislators, other\npeople who were interested. We realized that we had something here. There were a\nlot of things ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happening that should change, and we could be at the forefront of\nthat change. Then it became very social too. Cecil and John Lewis were the first\nchairs. John Lewis, then, Cecil had to drop out for some reason. I became\nco-chair with John. Then John dropped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out and Ozell Sutton and I were the co-chairs.\n\nBERMAN: Social, was that when Black Jewish Sisters got started?\n\nALEXANDER: No, that was much later.\n\nBERMAN: Much later, okay. So, did you start socializing as couples? Was that\nwhen --\n\nALEXANDER: A little bit, not very much. A little bit. Because we had very full\nlives. You know, Miles ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"professionally, me professionally at that point, and the\nchildren's lives.\n\nBERMAN: Can you describe a little bit about your friendship with Maynard Jackson?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, the first time I met Maynard was at a Dekalb County Democratic\nParty party. There was this big, big man with a booming voice, and I said to\nElliott Levitas, \"Who is that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Puerto Rican Oxford sounding man over there?\"\nBecause his dictation was so precise, just verging on being English. He said,\n\"That Puerto Rican Oxford sounding man is a black man from Atlanta. His name is\nMaynard Jackson. He's a lawyer.\" That was the first time I had met him. Miles\nhad met him before. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became friendly with Maynard. We liked each other very\nmuch. He was then married to his first wife, Bunnie. Bunnie liked me and she\ndidn't like many women, but she liked me. So, it was very easy. Shortly after\nMaynard was elected Mayor, which was several years later, he invited Miles and I\nover for brunch, Saturday or Sunday brunch because he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wanted us to meet somebody\nhe was considering and had offered the job of Chief of Staff too. He wanted to\nmake sure this man had felt like he had some contact with the Jewish community.\nHe told us his name and Miles immediately got the ADL to do background on him.\nHis name was Jules Sugarman. Jewish? Sure! No. He wasn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish. So, we were\nsitting at the dining room table at Maynard and Bunnie's house, and I said to\nJules, \"What church will you be affiliating with?\" Maynard's mouth just dropped\nopen. Jules and his wife, whose name I can't remember, said, \"Oh, we haven't\nreally decided, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that's not important to us. We're not church goers. So, we\ncan live, you know, any place. We don't have to be close to a particular\nchurch.\" That's how Maynard found out that Jules wasn't Jewish, which was very funny.\n\nBERMAN: That's a great story. You also mentioned in the documentary about\nMaynard another funny story, and I don't want to, I wanted you to repeat that\nfor the purpose of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tape.\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, I would be happy to repeat that. It was very funny. It was during\nMaynard's first term as Mayor, and he had put on a lot of weight. Everybody was\ntrying to get him to cut down on what he, he was, my arms when I hugged him, my\nhands didn't meet. He was at our house for some reason, early evening, the kids\nall went to bed, and so, I invited him to stay for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supper. Very informal, we sat\nin our kitchen. We ate and I managed to put food on the table for everybody.\nMaynard just, I couldn't believe how much he was eating. But sitting there\ntalking after we had finished our meal and I think it was a roll or something, a\npiece of bread, that was left in the breadbasket. We're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking and Maynard, who\nhad scarfed down just about everything in sight, picked the roll up and started\nto eat it. I put my hand on his arm and I said, \"Maynard, I think you've had\nquite enough to eat.\" Of course, Alexander almost passed out. Maynard looked at\nme and he said, \"Elaine, are you sure you're Jewish?\" Which was so funny,\nbecause one of his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"best friends when he went to BU was Reggie Eaves, who was\nJewish, and he used to have Shabbat dinner at Reggie's house almost every Friday night.\n\nBERMAN: How would you describe him as Mayor? Do you think, reflecting back, that --\n\nALEXANDER: Reflecting back, Maynard was honest. He was driven by the things ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he\nbelieved in. His fulfilment of the affirmative action concept was incredible. So\nmany people disagreed with it, the things he believed in, the things that he\npushed for. One of them was that every policeman on the Atlanta Police\nDepartment, in the Atlanta Police Department, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should live in the city of\nAtlanta, which was inconceivable at the time. The other was the affirmative\naction and awarding city contracts, most notably for the airport. It was because\nof Maynard, and it was because of his determination and the things that he\nthought were right. Not what he thought was politically expedient, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the\nthings he felt was right.\n\nBERMAN: What do you think your greatest contribution toward his campaigns was?\n\nALEXANDER: Being white. Really. That was it. Of course, this is strange to\nbelieve now that my hair is so gray, it used to be jet black, curly, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in the\nsummer I got very, very dark. Most of the staff thought I was black. As a matter\nof fact, when Reggie Eaves first came into the administration, I came, he spent\na lot of time in my office because I was doing things that he was doing, and he\ncame in one day and he looked at me and said, \"Elaine, are you a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sister?\" I\nsaid, \"Are you asking me if I'm black or white?\" He said, \"Yes!\" I said, \"I'm\nwhite.\" He said, \"That's what some people have said.\" He said, \"Come with me.\"\nSo, I followed him, we went into Maynard's office without knocking, and said to\nMaynard, \"Is she black or white?\" Maynard, who had never occurred to him that I\nwas black, not knowing that his closest ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends in the administration thought\nthat I was, looked and said, \"She's white!\" That was just so vivid. Then the\nword got out. But no white person has every thought that I was African American,\nwhich is interesting.\n\nBERMAN: That is another great story. I mean, it's unbelievable, really. So, I\nwanted to talk ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now, spend some time on your activity and your, all your\nactivities with Leadership Atlanta. When did that get rolling? When did that start?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, NCJW nominated me for the Leadership Atlanta class in 1976. So,\nI must have done something in NCJW, but I don't remember. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was accepted into\nthe class, was very, very excited about it. Loved the class, loved the concept\nthat leadership was something that should be taught. I had never thought about\nthat, I thought, you know, it just happened. You took control, you became a\nleader. But it had to be taught and there were different types of leadership. I\nwas ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ten months in total fascination. Then that summer, I had lunch with Gail\nEvans, who was working at that time for a research firm, just before she went,\njust before CNN started, and she said, \"What do you want to do?\" I said, \"I'm\nhappy. I'm happy with what I'm doing. I love working for Maynard, I love being a\npart of the administration.\" I'd even given myself a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"title, which Maynard\napproved of. It was Special Projects Coordinator. That meant I planned dinner\nparties, I planned conventions, I planned meetings. It was great fun, it was\nwonderful. Then I knew when I'd be working on such and such a convention, and\nthen I knew when I could make all the kid's orthodontist appointments and make\nup all the carpools that I had missed and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do everything else. So, I had it down\nto a science. Gail said to me, \"You're not using all of yourself.\" I said, \"Yes\nI am!\" I mean, I was figuring between seven AM and the rest of the day. She\nsaid, \"No, you could do so much more.\" She said, \"What job in the city of\nAtlanta do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you think you could do a better job leading than is being done now?\"\nYou know, the nice Jewish girl in me said, \"Oh, I can't tell you that. It would\nbe bad manners to say I don't think somebody's doing a good job.\" Well, after a\nwhile I realized there was one job that I wanted because I didn't think the\nperson doing it was doing particularly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well. I told Gail it was Executive\nDirector of Leadership Atlanta. Two days later, she drives to Callaway Gardens,\nshe was in the next year's class, she gets out of her car, somebody comes up to\nher and says, \"I just heard the Executive Director resigned.\" Gail marched\nherself up to the Chairman of the Board, the Chairman of the Board of that\nyear's class, an incoming chair, and she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"I understand the Executive\nDirector is resigning. I know who wants the job.\" She said, \"Elaine Alexander\nwants the job.\" They said that they will call when they got back from the\nweekend. So, they did. I had lunch with Don Chapman and Barbara Asher at Snack\n'N Shop. I agreed to do it on a basis, as a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"consultant, and I just kept on in\nthat consultant's basis. I can't remember if it was $500 or $1,000 a week. Never\nhad a contract. Then as I was beginning to plan and get really busy with Paige's\nbat mitzvah, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"realized this was being strung out too long. I had done this\nsince September and here it was March, the end of March. The Board of Trustees\nwanted my recommendations. So, I wrote an outline of the job, an outline of what\nI had done, what should be done, and recommendations for [the] going forward\nperson. I suggested they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hire a high-level retired corporate person with good\nadministrative staff, or, and they of course had asked me to stay on full-time,\nwhich I wasn't prepared to do, or co-directors, which is, you know, paved from\nthe feminist handbook. I said, \"I think one director should be white and one\nshould be black.\" I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"finished my recommendations and the Chair of the Board said,\n\"Would you stay on as the white?\" I said yes, I would. Then he said, \"Well, who\nwould you recommend for the black?\" I said, \"Myrtle Davis.\" Two people on the\nboard knew who she was. She had been Chair of the Fulton County League of Women\nVoters at the time. I called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her that afternoon and proposed the concept of\nco-Executive Directors of Leadership Atlanta. She had been in that class too. I\nremember, she went out as Chair of the League of Women Voters on April 1st, and\nI convinced her to start Leadership Atlanta April 2nd. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember her saying,\n\"My family thinks this is an April Fool's joke.\" So, I proposed the idea to the\nTrustees and one of them said to me, Barbara Asher, Don Chapman, and one other\nknew Myrtle. I went through all of Myrtle's credentials and this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one person said\nto me, \"Well, what if you and this Myrtle Davis have a fight?\" I knew him, he\nwas a lawyer. I knew the firm he was with, and I said, \"Well, what if you and,\"\nI named one of his law partners, \"have a fight?\" He said, \"We don't fight.\" I\nsaid, \"Oh, only girls fight?\" At that point, Neil Williams, who was Chair of the\nBoard burst out laughing. He said, \"Elaine if you want ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it, you've got it!\"\n\nBERMAN: How many years?\n\nALEXANDER: Myrtle and I were co-Chairs for 13 years and I was Executive Director\nfor about 14 and a half years.\n\nBERMAN: How would you describe your tenure and how it changed over the years?\n\nALEXANDER: My tenure was wonderful because I put it together, it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"floundered.\nWhen I came on board, I think it was $575 in the bank account, because nobody\nhad ever bothered to ask for corporate support or ask participants to pay their\ndues. If they voluntarily paid their dues, that was the amount that was in. I\ndemanded dues be paid, I had the people who were planning the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"programs, which\nwere alumni, try to get corporate endorsements for each and every program. So,\nfinancially, it began to build. I remember at the end of the first year I looked\nback, and I realized what the total budget for the year was and knew I needed to\nhave that amount in the bank. It just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worked. It worked beautifully. The thing,\nthe two things that moved me out, I realized technology was moving in and more\nimportantly, two of my daughter-in-laws were pregnant. I wanted to be a\nfull-time grandmother.\n\nBERMAN: Over those 13 years, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how have the people who have been involved with\nLeadership Atlanta changed? How has the, how has it grown in the demographic of\nthe . . .\n\nALEXANDER: The demographics are so natural now, rather than contrived.\n\nBERMAN: Jeremy do you want to stop for a second?\n\nALEXANDER: Yeah . . . The demographics of the class had to be manipulated and\ncontrived when I was there. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"created a matrix symbol, white males, black males,\nwhite females, black females, and tried to get as much of a mixture that was\nmore than representative of the applicants so that we would have more blacks\nthan white. Then after several years, of course, Asian came into it too. Now, I\ndon't think that the mix has to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contrived. I think leadership from many\ncommunities apply, and I'm sure the classes are built on very definite\ndemographic mix as well as vocational mix. That was something else that I\nstarted because we could easily have had class after class all lawyers. That\ndidn't work for me.\n\nBERMAN: I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wanted to go back for a second. I meant to ask this earlier when you\nwere involved with Elliott Levitas' campaigns. His last campaign was tinged with\nsome anti-Semitism from his opponent.\n\nALEXANDER: Yep.\n\nBERMAN: What are your recollections of that time?\n\nALEXANDER: Very, very clear. I had, I don't remember whether I was working then\nor what it was, but I had not been involved in that campaign until I saw what\nwas ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happening. It was a letter from his opponent's wife urging, it went to all\nthe churches, urging them to vote for her husband because \"he is one of us, and\nthe current office holder is not one of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us.\" I realized how that was going to\nresonate, and that Elliott was really in trouble. I walked into his office to,\nyou know, get down, listen to what was happening, listen to all the stories, try\nto fill in cracks. That's what I did in his campaigns, I tried to fill in the\ncracks. I walked in and Mary Anne Summers, who had been employed by Elliott for\nmany, many years, and was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his manager of his life, his political life, she\nlooked up and she saw me walk in and she said, \"Oh (F-word), we're really in\ntrouble.\" Elliott had not campaigned properly, I mean, I looked at the precincts\nand I looked at how many times he'd been in each precinct. After the election\nthere were people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who came up to me and said, \"I didn't even know Elliot Levitas\nwas on my ballot.\" So, he lost, very, you know, decisively, and that was too bad.\n\nBERMAN: What was the reaction then in the Jewish community? Did the ADL get\ninvolved at all? Was there any kind of backlash?\n\nALEXANDER: There wasn't really backlash. It was commented on, letters were\nwritten, and it was known. Miles ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would know more about that because he was so\ninvolved in Elliott's campaign.\n\nBERMAN: How do you see black-Jewish relations today?\n\nALEXANDER: Socio-economically? I think that among black professionals and white\nprofessionals its kumbaya. Everything is just fine. I think that the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lower\neconomic groups in both communities look at the other community as being a\nproblem, like the black look at whites, even middle-class, low middle-class\nwhites as taking too much of a share of all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wealth. I think also that some of\nthe white community looks at the black community as a threat. That white\ncommunity looks at the black community as a threat because the black community\nhas taken political power. I think the black political power is more important\nto the entire white community than it is to the entire black community.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: What do you, do you see an answer to some of that? Do you, have you . . .\n\nALEXANDER: I wish I did.\n\nBERMAN: Were you aware, I know you weren't that political yet in the Sixties\nwhen some of the Jewish grocery stores were going out of business because of all\nthe robberies and --\n\nALEXANDER: I was aware ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those things happening but that was before I became\ndedicated to the belief of the Power of One. The Power of One motivated me.\n\nBERMAN: Can you expand on that a little bit?\n\nALEXANDER: I would, I find myself at 85 years old doing the same thing now by\nthe way, I look at something happening that I wish weren't happening and say,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"There's nothing I can do about that. That's too big for me.\" In my middle\nyears, I'd look at it and say, \"Damn it! I'm going to change this.\" I didn't\nthink there was anything I couldn't do.\n\nBERMAN: What would you consider your greatest, outside of family, grandchildren,\nchildren, your greatest accomplishment within the community?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALEXANDER: I think that my greatest single accomplishment occurred right after\nthe Supreme Court handed down the Webster decision. That was a very, very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weak\ndecision for the court to hand down because it handed the rights of a woman's\nright to choose to the State Legislatures. There was no mention of support of\nRoe v Wade, it became the States. A few of us began meeting once a week in my\noffice at Leadership ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta to decide what we could do about it. Since I was\nthe pushy broad of the group, I tended to chair the meetings and became the\nfounding President of what we named Vote Choice. That was the first PAC ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"devoted\nto keeping the Georgia Legislature choice friendly. We raised money and I was\nvery insistent that to become a member of the PAC, you had to contribute $1,000.\nWell, back then, which was, what, early 1980s? Early 1980s, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think. Back then,\nasking a woman for contribution of $1,000 was unheard of. The response generally\nwas, \"I have to ask my husband.\" I was insistent that it be $1,000. Within I\nthink it was two weeks, we had raised almost $30,000, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was the PAC. We\ngave funds to pro-choice candidates, Democrat, Republican, men, women.\nPro-choice, that was our issue. I was very insistent that it be the only issue,\nand bi-partisan, and the Georgia Legislature. These were, there were a lot,\nthere were people on this, in this little group who wanted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do it nationally,\nCongress, Senate. I said, \"No. We have to concentrate on the Georgia\nLegislature.\" Which we did, very successfully for several years. It was an\nincredible opportunity to bring like-minded women together. Before that there\nhad been no organization like that, before the Atlanta Women's Foundation ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or\nanything else. It was just, meeting with those women was like, \"Here is my\nfamily. We are all pro-choice in this room. How incredible! How wonderful how\nmuch strength we have!\" I know this sounds very immodest, and I shouldn't say\nit, but in my heart of hearts, I know it wouldn't have happened the way it\nhappened if it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weren't for me. That's when I began to believe in the Power of One.\n\nBERMAN: That's an amazing story. Thank you so much for sharing that. I know you\nwere involved, besides all of the civil rights histories, all of the, a lot of\nwomen's issues. Tell me about your involvement with Planned Parenthood.\n\nALEXANDER: That is part of my women's issues. Most people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are involved with\nPlanned Parenthood have had the experience of wanting to or not being able to\nhave an abortion. That wasn't my experience at all. My experience was the\nknowledge that abortion was even an issue, choice was even an issue, was the\noverall feeling that women shouldn't have choice, even over their own bodies.\nThat was my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"motivating fact. From there I went to women's health, but women's\nhealth came later, quite honestly.\n\nBERMAN: I mean, in the last few years, Planned Parenthood has been vilified in\nso many arenas. What action is being taken today to withstand, you know, to kind\nof push back against all of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, it, in a small little way, it has been a good thing for Planned\nParenthood. Money came rolling in from unexpected, unexplored, unknown places.\nIt was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a gathering because, I like visuals, and the Planned Parenthood logo, the\ntwo P's, I felt should be encased in a target. Because we were targeted, and\nthat strengthened us. But it also gave us a lot more to deal with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly\nlegislatively. When it was decided that first we were Metro Atlanta Planned\nParenthood, then we became Georgia Planned Parenthood, and then the edict of the\nfederation, we became Planned Parenthood Southeast. Though I thought we should\nbe given California and New York, we were given Alabama and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mississippi. The\nlegislation that has come up in those bodies, legislative bodies, has been\nabhorrent. That's where the bans started. That's what we're fighting now. That's\nwhere so much of our resources are going. But I think we are stronger as an\norganization because of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vilification.\n\nBERMAN: I read, again, in one of your bios, that when you --\n\nALEXANDER: I just talk too much.\n\nBERMAN: No, no, I just love this. That when you were on the Board of the United\nWay, you experienced some sexism. I was wondering if you could tell us what happened?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, there was a classic story. I'm sure you have all heard it, both\nof you have heard it, that when a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"woman says something in that kind of\nenvironment, a Board environment, primarily male, it's not heard. Then when a\nman says the exact same thing there is huge reaction to it. That happened. Time\nafter time after time. At this point, I was not used to not being ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"heard. I had\nmy letter of resignation in the typewriter in my office when I got a call from\nthe Chair of the Board asking me to be on the Nominating Committee. So, I took\nthe paper out and I accepted the Nominating Committee. I got women on the slate\nthat would not have been, and then I resigned. Also, it was that niggling little\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feeling that any Board that felt that they were so important that they had to\nmeet at 7:30 in the morning was not for me.\n\nBERMAN: I want to go back a little bit to more about your Jewish community\ninvolvement and when I spoke to your husband the other day, he mentioned a story\nabout why you joined Ahavath Achim rather than the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple. I was wondering if\nyou could, he said you tell it much better than he does and so . . .\n\nALEXANDER: Well, Jack Rothschild and my Rabbi in Boston were roommates at the\nTheological Seminary. So, when Rabbi Gittelsohn found out that I was moving to\nAtlanta, he told me that and said, \"You have to meet my roommate from Seminary\nand good friend, Jack Rothschild. He is the Rabbi, the only ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform congregation\nin Atlanta.\" So, this was 1958 and I had an appointment with Rabbi Rothschild\nbecause Rabbi Gittelsohn told me to. We're talking and I didn't know the history\nof the Temple, I didn't know what customs they followed, I just assumed Reform,\nReform. Rabbi Rothschild ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looked at me and said, \"Well, tell me what you expect\nfrom the Temple.\" This was before you could tell if you were having a boy or a\ngirl. I put my hands on my very big stomach and I said, \"If this is a boy, I\nwant him to be bar mitzvah.\" He looked at me and he said, \"Over my dead body.\"\nSo, I up and left. I mean, this protrudance ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the next President of the Temple,\nI might add. But --\n\nBERMAN: I find that to be very ironic.\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, I do too! I do too. So, then I joined AA. There weren't a lot of\nchoices then. I didn't join until Kent was ready for Sunday school. Miles never,\nMiles, he goes to my children's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bar and bat mitzvahs and close friend's\nchildren's bar and bat mitzvahs, period. Not the High Holy Days any. He doesn't\nbelieve in organized religion, which is pretty funny for somebody who is so\nethically and community wise Jewish. He's gastronomically Jewish too, I might add.\n\nBERMAN: What did you think of Rabbi Epstein?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, I really didn't care ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for him. But I was picking the boys, I was\npicking carpool up at Sunday school for Kent, I think this was probably before\nDavid was in Sunday school, no he may have been, he was in Sunday school, and\nRabbi Epstein was coming around the corner of the pickup. David looked and he\nsaid, \"Oh! Mommy! Is that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"God?\" So, we had a discussion. I realized this was\ngoing wrong. The Temple still did not bar mitzvah boys. [I] got involved with a\ngroup that started Temple Sinai, and Richard Lum, \"Oh, yes! We're going to have\nbar mitzvahs. We're even going to have bat mitzvahs!\" So, I was in.\n\nBERMAN: Do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember where you were and how you heard the Temple had been bombed?\n\nALEXANDER: I do because I was home in our apartment on Linmont Circle. My mother\ncalled me, excuse me, every Sunday at 11:15. She called at like ten o'clock in\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"morning and she said, \"Are you alright?\" I said, \"Yes. Why?\" She said, \"Is\nMiles alright?\" I said, \"Yes, he's playing tennis.\" I said, \"Why? What's the\nmatter?\" She said, \"The Temple in Atlanta has been bombed!\" That's how I heard\nabout it.\n\nBERMAN: Did that have any impact on you? You were just in Atlanta a few years,\nbut did you reflect on that at all?\n\nALEXANDER: I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4650.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did because I was very pregnant with Kent at the time. Turn that\noff for just a minute . . . Repeat that question.\n\nBERMAN: We were talking about, now I have to think for a minute. We were talking\nabout the Temple bombing and the --\n\nALEXANDER: Oh! I remember sitting there thinking, \"Is this where I want to raise\nmy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4680.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family?\" Then there was this outpouring from the general community. I\ndecided, \"Yeah. It's a good place for me.\"\n\nBERMAN: You have been given so many awards --\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, God. I know.\n\nBERMAN: Over the years.\n\nALEXANDER: I know.\n\nBERMAN: Oh, my goodness. I was reading, I mean, it was just, is there one in\nparticular or a couple in particular that have been the most meaningful to you?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALEXANDER: Being named the first Lifetime Board Member of Planned Parenthood\nSoutheast. That was incredible to me. I have appreciated all of the awards, but\nwhen AJC honored Miles, Kent, and Elaine as three past Presidents, that was\npretty wonderful. All of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them have been just wonderful.\n\nBERMAN: I was amazed by the YWCA award. I mean, I thought that was . . .\n\nALEXANDER: That was very nice, but I haven't been active in YWCA in, I think\nit's a good thing, but I don't have any kind of vested interest in it.\n\nBERMAN: I was just wondering why, then why, was your name brought to them?\n\nALEXANDER: Yeah, oh yeah.\n\nBERMAN: Yeah, just --\n\nALEXANDER: I didn't apply for it.\n\nBERMAN: Right.\n\nALEXANDER: The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Selection Committee just . . .\n\nBERMAN: Yes, it was the Living Legends Award for Planned Parenthood, right?\n\nALEXANDER: Well, that too. I also got that award. But being the first Life\nMember of the Board.\n\nBERMAN: I want to now talk about what you probably consider your greatest\nachievement, and that is your children. Can you say their names and what they're\nup to?\n\nALEXANDER: Kent ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the oldest. He used to be a lawyer/writer. Now he's a\nwriter/lawyer. He has had a fantastic career. US Attorney, Northern District of\nGeorgia, partner at King and Spalding, General Counsel of Emory [University],\nGeneral Counsel of CARE International, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"written a fabulous book about the\nTemple bombing. His career has been paid for by his plastic surgeon wife because\nhe has not gone after the big bucks. David is a psychotherapist, and an\nincredible practice. People come up to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me in the street, who I don't know, and\nsay, \"Your son saved my family.\" \"Your son saved my daughter.\" It's amazing, he\nis really a very kind and decent person. Then Michael comes next. Michael is an\narchitect, is doing a lot of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"construction. His interest was in restoration, but\nhe couldn't support his family on restoration work, so he does a lot of\nconstruction jobs. Right now, he has divided the lot that his house is on into\nthree lots and he's building two other houses. All three of the boys are happily\nand well married and have children ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4920.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we are very proud of. Our daughter\nPaige, who has not lived in Atlanta since she graduated from college, is moving\nback in June with her family. That is going to be just beyond belief for me. I'm\nliving on cloud nine. She is a foreign ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"policy development person. Right now, she\nand her family have been living in Amsterdam [Netherlands] for three years\nbecause their son is a soccer player and he wanted to go to the Amsterdam\ntraining camp. So that's why they're in Amsterdam. They love Amsterdam, they\nreally do. It's going to be very difficult for them to leave. But she's coming ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back!\n\nBERMAN: According to Miles, she's getting a big position here at the Carter --\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, he said, he told, okay, yes. She's going to be CEO of the Carter Center.\n\nBERMAN: That's amazing.\n\nALEXANDER: It is.\n\nBERMAN: That's phenomenal.\n\nALEXANDER: It is.\n\nBERMAN: Well, I want to make sure I have not missed anything that you would like\nto speak about. Any of your other activities with the AJC, the ADL, with Planned\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parenthood, anything that we have just maybe touched on and you wanted to\nelaborate? Is there any . . .\n\nALEXANDER: All of your questions have been so insightful into my life. I\nappreciate that. I really can't think of anything, except that I have no great\ngrandchildren. No. Zero. None.\n\nBERMAN: You're not old enough to have great grandchildren.\n\nALEXANDER: I'm 85 years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old. I'm entitled. My --\n\nBERMAN: How old is your oldest grandchild?\n\nALEXANDER: 28.\n\nBERMAN: That's still very young to . . .\n\nALEXANDER: No, it's not. My oldest child --\n\nBERMAN: Is he married?\n\nALEXANDER: -- is 62.\n\nBERMAN: Is he married though? The oldest grandchild?\n\nALEXANDER: No, but the next one has a significant other. Then they just all kept\nhappening, a bunch of them that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could have children. I knit, I used to knit baby\nclothes for my grandchildren, sweaters for my children --\n\nBERMAN: So, you're now ready to knit for great grandchildren.\n\nALEXANDER: Well, now I'm knitting baby blankets in the library. I have a big\nbasket and it's stacked up this high with baby blankets for my great\ngrandchildren. I knit all the time. I now have 14 baby ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/transcript/32486/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blankets knit.\n\nBERMAN: Are they all different?\n\nALEXANDER: Yeah.\n\nBERMAN: Pink and Blue? Yellow? Green?\n\nALEXANDER: Oh, all different, all different shades of everything. Same pattern\nin all of them.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful. Well, this has been wonderful and really a pleasure.\nSo, thank you so much.\n\nALEXANDER: Thank you. I've had a good time!\n\nBERMAN: I've had a good time too. It's been great. Thank you.\n\nALEXANDER: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=5130.0,5160.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSandra Katz \"Sandy\" Berman is an American archivist. A native of Cleveland, Ohio, she was the founding archivist of the Cleveland Jewish Archives. She later moved to Atlanta, Georgia, and in 1985 became the founding archivist of the Ida Pearle and Joseph Cuba Archives for Southern Jewish History at the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. During her 28-year tenure at the Breman, she co-curated multiple exhibitions and expanded the scope of the museum to include collections from Jewish communities throughout Georgia and surrounding states. She is the interviewer for many of the oral histories that can be found in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElaine Lowenstein Alexander (born 1934) has served on numerous civic and Jewish board and commissions during her professional career. Alexander served as the Executive Director of Leadership Atlanta from 1978-1992, she is a lifetime board member of the American Jewish Committee and Southeast region’s Anti-Defamation League, and she was a founding member of the Black/Jewish Coalition. She was also a member of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Commission on the Status of Women from 1976-1979 and served on the board of the Atlanta Women’s Foundation from 1997-2004. Alexander was the founding president of Vote Choice/A Georgia PAC and served as Vice Chair of the Georgia Democratic Party. Alexander served on and supported several political campaigns, including those of Maynard Jackson, John Lewis, and Elliott Levitas. Alexander married Miles Alexander in 1955 and the couple had four children together, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Esther and Herbert Taylor Family Foundation supports The Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection at the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History at the Breman Museum in Atlanta, which consists of a thousand oral histories that document Jewish life in Georgia and Alabama. The Foundation was founded in 1983 and is administered by the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoston is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The city is the 24th-most populous city in the country, and the most populous city in New England.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrookline is an affluent town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, and is part of the Boston Metropolitan area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrookline High School is a four-year public high school in Brookline, Massachusetts. It is part of the Public Schools of Brookline and has received the Gold Medal for Best High Schools from U.S. News \u0026amp; World Report.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta is the capital city of Georgia. It played an important part in both the Civil War and the 1960s Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiles J. Alexander is a senior partner with Kilpatrick Townsend \u0026amp; Stockton LLP in Atlanta and is one of the elder statesmen of Georgia’s legal community. Alexander has consistently been ranked one of the world’s leading trademark lawyers during his more than six decades in the profession. He is equally known for his career-long commitment to fighting discrimination as a leader in the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). Alexander rejoined his law firm in 1958 after teaching at Harvard Law School and serving two years as a United States Air Force Judge Advocate. Alexander married Elaine Alexander in 1955 and the couple had four children, Kent, David, Michael, and Paige.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar examination is an exam administered by the bar association of a jurisdiction that a lawyer must pass to be admitted to the bar of that jurisdiction. The Georgia Bar Exam is a 2-day examination that consists of two Multi-State Performances Tests (MPT), essay questions, and the multiple-choice Multistate Bar Exam (MBE).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Darlington Apartments was built in 1951 as the first high-rise in Atlanta after World War II. It is most widely known for its metro Atlanta population sign on Peachtree Road but has become one of the few apartment buildings in the area that is affordable for low-income residents. Tenants were told to move out of the building and renovations were scheduled for late 2018.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Air Force is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight US uniformed services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClovis is the county seat of Curry County, New Mexico, and is in the New Mexico portion of the Llano Estacado in the eastern part of the state.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCannon Air Fore Base, home of the 27th Special Operations Wing, lies in the high plains of eastern New Mexico. Th base is eight miles west of Clovis, New Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSt. John’s, a city on Newfoundland Island off Canada’s Atlantic coast, is the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador province. Its harbor was settled by the British in the 1600s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePepperell Air Force Base, previously known as Fort Pepperrell, is a decommissioned United States military base located in St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, which operated from 1941 to 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries, it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarriage between people of different races, castes, or religions. In this case, a marriage between a Jew and a non-Jew, or marriage between an Orthodox Jew and a Reform Jew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArnold Barron (1930-unknown) was born in Brookline, Massachusetts to Max and Miriam Barron. He is the older brother of Elaine Alexander. He attended Brookline High School and Emory University. Arnold was married to Frances Rosenstein and they have two children, Mark and Nancy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDyslexia is a learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading. Dyslexia involves difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but it does not affect general intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Pertussis is known for uncontrollable, violent coughing which often makes it hard to breathe. After a coughing fit, someone with pertussis often needs to take deep breaths, which result in a “whooping” sound.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Bobbsey Twins are the principal characters of what was, for 75 years, the Stratemeyer Syndicate’s longest-running series of American children’s novels, penned under the pseudonym Laura Lee Hope.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoston University is a private research university in Boston, Massachusetts. The university is nonsectarian but has a historical affiliation with the United Methodist Church. It was founded in 1839 by Methodists with its original campus in Newbury, Vermont, before moving to Boston in 1867.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlma mater\u003c/em\u003e is an allegorical Latin phrase currently used to identify a school, college, or university that one formerly attended. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarvard Law School is the law school of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States and one of the most prestigious in the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) is the public agency responsible for operating most public transportation services in Greater Boston, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, across the Charles River from Boston. Cambridge is part of the Boston metropolitan area as a major suburb of Boston.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Charles River, sometimes called the River Charles or simply the Charles, is an 80-mile-long river in eastern Massachusetts. Harvard University, Brandeis University, Boston University, and the Massachusetts Institute of technology are all located along the Charles River. Near the mouth of the river, it forms the border between downtown Boston and Cambridge and Charlestown.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePark Street is an MBTA transit station in Boston, Massachusetts. It is located at the intersection of Park Street and Tremont Street at the eastern edge of Boston Common in Downtown Boston.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarvard station is a rapid transit and bus transfer station in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Located at Harvard Square, it serves the MBTA’s Red Line subway system as well as MBTA buses.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRadcliffe College was a women’s liberal arts college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and functioned as the female coordinate institution for the all-male Harvard College.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boston University College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College is a unit of Boston University. The college offers both undergraduate and graduate degree programs to prepare students for both research and clinical careers in health care and the rehabilitation services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLesley University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Lesley University is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe GI Bill (Servicemen’s Readjustment Act) was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. It provided veterans of World War II funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, and one of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePrinceton University is a private Ivy League research University in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDartmouth College is a private ivy League research university in Hanover, New Hampshire. Established in 1769 by Eleazar Wheelock, it is the ninth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, and one of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Jewish quota was a discriminatory racial quota designed to limit or deny access for Jews to various institutions. Such quotas were widespread in the 19th and 20th centuries in developed counties and frequently present in higher education, often at prestigious universities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Phi, commonly known as TEP or Tep, is an American men’s fraternity founded at Columbia University in New York City in 1910. The fraternity was founded on the principles of friendship, chivalry, and service. Formed by a group of 10 Jewish men who were excluded from membership in other fraternities due to their faith, they dedicated themselves to building an organization free from discrimination. TEP can now be found along the East Coast with 13 active chapters, 6 active colonies, and 10 official alumni associations chiefly located at East Coast universities and colleges.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University is a private research university in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded in 1836 as \"Emory College\" by the Methodist Episcopal Church and named in honor of Methodist bishop John Emory, Emory is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElliott Harris Levitas (born 1930) is a Jewish American politician who was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He was a Rhodes Scholar who received a bachelor’s degree from Emory University, law degree from Emory Law School, and Master of Law degree from Oxford University. From 1955 to 1958, he served in United States Air Force. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives (1965-1975) and was a United States Congressman from Georgia's 4th district in the United States House of Representatives (1975-1985).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCornell University is a private Ivy league and statutory land-grant research university in Ithaca, New York. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, it has consistently been ranked among the top universities in the world by major educational publications.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Dear John letter is a letter written to a man by his wife or romantic partner to inform him that their relationship is over, usually because she has found another lover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Deep South” is a descriptive category of the cultural and geographic sub-regions in the American South. Today, the Deep South is generally considered to be Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia and South Carolina. Some people add parts of Florida and Texas as well.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly of the state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. As of 2021, the current House Speaker is David Ralston.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJanice Oettinger Rothschild Blumberg (b. 1924), a native of Atlanta, Georgia, is an author of several books on Southern Jewish history. She is the widow of Rabbi Jacob M. Rothschild (1911-1973) and David M. Blumberg (1911-1989), both nationally prominent Jewish figures, and the great-granddaughter of Rabbi E.B.M. \"Alphabet\" Browne, the first rabbi of the Temple in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Jacob Mortimer \"Jack\" Rothschild (1911-1973) served as rabbi of Atlanta’s oldest Reform congregation, the Temple, from 1946 until his death in 1973 from a heart attack. A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he forged close relationships with the city’s Christian clergy and distinguished himself as a charismatic spokesperson for civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. The name seems to have originated in the song “Jump Jim Crow,” a song-and-dance caricature of Blacks performed by white actor Thomas D. Rice in Blackface in 1832. As a result of Rice’s fame, “Jim Crow” became a pejorative expression meaning “Negro” by 1838 and the later segregation laws became known as “Jim Crow” laws. Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly “separate but equal” status for Black Americans, although in reality this was not so. Some examples of Jim Crow laws are the segregation of public schools, places, and public transportation and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants and drinking fountains for whites and Blacks. Private businesses, political parties, and unions created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring Blacks from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. In the middle twentieth century, the Supreme Court began to overturn Jim Crow laws on constitutional grounds. Rosa Parks defied the Jim Crow laws when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man, which became a catalyst to the Civil Rights movement. Her actions, and the demonstrations that followed, led to a series of legislative and court decisions that contributed to undermining the Jim Crow system. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 officially ended Jim Crow segregation laws.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePittsburgh is a city in western Pennsylvania at the junction of 3 rivers and the county seat of Allegheny County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUntil 1964, Jim Crow laws in many states segregated white and black Americans in almost all public facilities. By law, whites and blacks drank from separate water fountains, used separate public restrooms, watched movies in separate parts of the theater, sat in separate waiting rooms for buses and doctors, and were buried in separate cemeteries.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrady Memorial Hospital, frequently referred to as Grady Hospital or Grady, is a public hospital for the city of Atlanta. Historical segregation of its hospital units meant that it was also called “The Gradys,” a name that still surfaces among elderly American residents, especially African Americans. Like the hospital’s original buildings, Grady’s current facility was also built as a segregated institution, with one section serving whites (Wings A and B) and another section serving African Americans (Wings C and D). Even though it is a single building, and the two sides are connected by a hallway (Wing E), the facility was referred to in the plural (“The Gradys”) during the years of segregation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRacial integration, or simply integration, includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation). In addition to desegregation, integration includes goals such as leveling barriers to association, creating equal opportunities regardless of race, and the development of a culture that draws on diverse traditions, rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority culture. Integration is largely a social matter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRichard Nixon (1913-1994) was the nation's 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961, after he came to national prominence as a representative and senator from California. He served as the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974, when he became the only president to resign the office in the wake of the Watergate Scandal. He was a Republican.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Biltmore Hotel on West Peachtree Street in Atlanta opened in 1924. The 11-story hotel and the 10-story apartment buildings were located in Midtown. There were towering radio masks on each end of the building, with vertical illuminated letters on them that spell out “BILTMORE.” In 1967 it was sold to Sheraton Hotels and became the Sheraton-Biltmore Hotel. The building has now been renovated and turned into office space and condominiums and is still called the “Biltmore.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or Knights of the Ku Klux Klan today, also referred to as the KKK) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s and then died out and come back several times, most notably in the 1920s when membership soared again, and then again in the 1960s during the civil rights era. When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past its members dressed up in white robes and pointed hoods designed to hide their identity and to terrify. It is still in existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA 1951 law made it a misdemeanor in Georgia for people to conceal their identities while on public property. The law was adopted to prevent Klan members from wearing hoods at public rallies. Georgia’s anti-mask law was suspended by Governor Brian Kemp in 2020 so residents could wear face coverings during the coronavirus pandemic. Before COVID-19, at least 18 states had laws banning masks that concealed the wearer’s identity. Many of these anti-mask laws were passed between the 1920s and the 1950s, in reaction to waves of violence perpetrated by the Klan and to deter the group. Most anti-mask laws do not target specific groups explicitly, but rather use neutral language, typically banning mask wearing that intimidates others.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDeKalb County is in the north central portion of Georgia. As of the 2020 Census, it was Georgia’s fourth-most populous county. Dekalb County is included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavid Alexander, LPC is an Atlanta-based psychologist who has been practicing in the Atlanta area for over 30 years. has a private practice as a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in children and parenting concerns. Alexander spent his early career working with the Georgia Mental Health Institute as Inpatient Treatment Coordinator, advocate, and therapist for children and their families. Alexander has taken an active tole in developing and providing specialized counseling resources and training for domestic law professionals, mental health providers, parents, religious organizations, and teachers. He is the President and Director of Services for Atlanta Developmental Consultants, Inc., a founding member of the Atlanta Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, and a past board member and past President of the Collaborative Law Institute of Georgia. Alexander is also on the board of the Center for Navigating Family Changes and is a founding member of the Atlanta Collaborative Divorce Alliance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKent Alexander was the US Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia during the 1996 Olympics. He spent hundreds of hours working with the FBI to find the bomber, and ultimately wrote and hand-delivered Richard Jewell’s clearance letter. He has worked as Assistant United States Attorney for seven years, was a partner at King \u0026amp; Spalding law firm, Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Emory University and CARE, Chief of Staff and Strategy for Michelle Nunn for US Senate and is an author and attorney at ABRAMS. Currently, Kent is President of The Temple in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Anti-Defamation League (ADL) was founded in 1913 “to stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment to all.” ADL fights antisemitism and all forms of bigotry, defends democratic ideals, and protects civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a national organization that fights to protect the rights guaranteed by the Constitution for all those living in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Feminine Mystique\u003c/em\u003e is a book by Betty Friedan that is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. It was published on February 19, 1963, by W. W. Norton. In the book, Friedan challenged the widely shared belief in the 1950s that “fulfillment as a woman had only one definition for American women after 1949 – the housewife-mother.” The phrase “feminine mystique” was created by Friedan to describe the assumptions that women would be fulfilled from their housework, marriage, sexual lives, and children. Friedan wanted to prove that women were unsatisfied and could not voice their feelings. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. It is an affiliate of the Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Jewish Committee (AJC) was founded in 1906 to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews worldwide. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) is an organization of volunteers and advocates who turn progressive ideals into advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children, and families. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Women’s Division of the Atlanta Jewish Federation, previously known as the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eManheim Shapiro (1913-1981) worked for the New York City Welfare Department (1938-43), served in the US Army during World War II, was Director of Programs and Publications for the B’nai B’rith Youth Organization (1946-49), and was an adjunct professor at the City College of New York. Shapiro was also with the American Jewish Committee from 1949 to 1966 where he oversaw Jewish communal affairs. After the AJC, Shapiro was a consultant to Jewish organizations and was Executive Director of the Bureau for Careers in Jewish Service in 1968-69. Since 1969, Shapiro has headed Insight Development Services, a research and training organization specializing in communications for business and organizations. Shapiro died at the age of 67 in March 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaynard Holbrook Jackson Jr. (1938 – 2003) was an American politician and attorney from Georgia. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected in 1973 at the age of 35 as the first Black mayor of Atlanta, Georgia and of any major city in the South. He served three terms (1974–1982, 1990–1994), making him the second longest-serving mayor of Atlanta, after six-term mayor William B. Hartsfield. After his death, the William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport was re-named Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport to honor his service to the expansion of the airport, the city, and its people.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaynard Jackson ran for US Senate in 1968 against incumbent Herman Talmadge. His campaign was underfunded, and he lost, but Jackson won in Atlanta, which gained him prominence in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1970, Maynard Jackson because Atlanta’s first black Vice-Mayor, his first elected position which he held for four years. In 1973, Jackson was elected as the first African American Mayor of Atlanta and any other major Southern city with 60 percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the US Constitution, the Act sought to secure the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. In 1982, Congress renewed the special provisions of the Voting Rights Act for 25 more years. Congress also adopted a new standard, which went into effect in 1985, providing how jurisdictions could terminate or bail out from coverage under the provisions of Section 4. After extensive hearings, Congress amended Section 2 to provide that a plaintiff could establish a violation of the Section without having to prove discriminatory purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1982, a group of concerned citizens from Atlanta’s Black and Jewish communities came together to campaign for the renewal of the Voting Rights Act. The drive to renew one of the most important pieces of civil rights legislation in US history reinvigorated the bond between the two communities. Those involved decided to create a coalition to ensure that open dialogue and partnership between the Black and Jewish communities would continue in Atlanta. Today, AJC’s Atlanta Black/Jewish Coalition has emerged as a central platform for education, outreach, and advocacy. The coalition continues to build on its original mission by providing a forum for meaningful dialogue and action.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSherry Zimmerman Frank (1942-), a native of Atlanta, Georgia, was executive director for the Southeast Region of the American Jewish Committee for 25 years. She served as a leader for the Atlanta Black-Jewish Coalition, a president of the National Council for Jewish Women (NCJW), and vice-president of the Epstein School in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCecil Abraham Alexander, Jr. (born Henry Alexander II, 1918-2013) was an American architect, principally a designer of commercial architecture, best known for his work in Atlanta, Georgia. He worked with the firm FABRAP, which, in 1985, became Rosser FABRAP International and later Rosser International. Together with other architects of the firm, he \"shaped the skyline of Atlanta.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Robert Lewis (1940-2020) was an American statesman and civil rights leader who served in the United States House of Representatives for Georgia's 5th congressional district from 1987 until his death in 2020. He was the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966. Lewis was one of the \"Big Six\" leaders of groups who organized the 1963 March on Washington. He fulfilled many key roles in the civil rights movement and its actions to end legalized racial segregation in the United States. In 1965, Lewis led the first of three Selma to Montgomery marches across the Edmund Pettus Bridge. In an incident which became known as Bloody Sunday, state troopers and police attacked the marchers, including John Lewis. A member of the Democratic Party, Lewis was first elected to Congress in 1986 and served 17 terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. The district he represented included most of Atlanta. Due to his length of service, he became the dean of the Georgia congressional delegation. While in the House, Lewis was one of the leaders of the Democratic Party, serving from 1991 as a Chief Deputy Whip and from 2003 as a Senior Chief Deputy Whip. John Lewis received many honorary degrees and awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOzell Sutton (1925-2015) was among the first blacks to serve in the US Marine Corps. In 1962. Sutton received an honorary doctorate from Philander Smith in recognition of his political activism in the civil rights movement. Sutton marched with martin Luther King Jr. in 1963 in the historic March on Washington, and in 1965 in the Selma to Montgomery marches. He worked for Arkansas Governor Winthrop Rockefeller as the Director of the Governor’s Council on Human resources. Sutton is a founding member of the executive board of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Sutton moved to Atlanta, Georgia where he worked for the United States Department of Justice Community Relations Services. He was he 26th General President of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity and in 2012 he was presented with the Congressional Gold Medal from President Barack Obama for being among the first blacks to serve in the Marine Corps. He died in Atlanta in December 2015 at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam “Sonny” Walker (1933-2016) was an educator and civil rights activist who went on to serve in positions in local, state, and federal government, becoming the first person of color to serve in the cabinet of a southern governor. After receiving a BA from Arkansas AM\u0026amp;N College, Walker taught classes and coached in Camden. He moved to Little Rock to teach Honors English and he helped prepare the Little Rock Nine for the 1957 desegregation of Central High School. Walker managed the 1966 campaign of T. E. Patterson, the first African American elected to the Little Rock School Board. He served as Department of Classroom Teachers President in 1964-65 and was the first Head Start Director of the Crusade for Opportunity in Syracuse, New York. He served as Director of the Economic Opportunity Agency of Little Rock and Pulaski County and because the first African American to head the Arkansas State Economic Opportunity Office. Walker moved to Atlanta, Georgia in 1972 and served as Regional Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity, appointed by President Richard Nixon. He served as Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer of the King Center for Nonviolent Social Change and was a speechwriter for Coretta Scott King. In 1995, he formed the Sonny Walker Group, his own consulting firm, focusing on management and social development of business. Walker passed about in June 2016 at the age of 83.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeadership Atlanta, founded in 1972, is one of the nation’s oldest and most successful leadership training programs for young business, civic, and community leaders that have the desire and potential to work together for a better Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. It was founded around 1828 by supporters of Andrew Jackson, making it the world’s oldest active political party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBunnie Jackson-Ransom (1940-) graduated North Carolina College with a BS in business and a minor in education. She went on to receive her MS degree from North Carolina Central University School of Business and Economics in 1969. She worked as an Instructor of Business and Supervisor of Secretarial Services at Bennett College and then joined Economic Opportunity Atlanta, Inc., where she was a Contract Specialist, Program Coordinator, and Director of Planning and Program Development. In 1965, she met and married Maynard Jackson. The pair divorced in 1976. In 1975, Jackson-Ransom founded firstClass, Inc., a company specializing in marketing, community affairs, communications, and public relations. She later married Raymond Ransom, a bass player for Brick. From 1979-83, Jackson-Ransom was owner and operator of Airport Amusement Concessions at Hartsfield International Airport and from 1978-88 she managed several performing artists. She is a member of the Atlanta League of Women Voters, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Executive Committee member of the Atlanta branch of the NAACP, the Azalea Chapter of The Links, Inc., the Metropolitan Atlanta Coalition of 100 Black Women, and the National Council of Negro Women.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJule Meyer Sugarman (1927-2010) was a founder of Head Start who also lead the program for its first five years. Sugarman worked in various positions in the United States Civil Service Commission starting in 1951. He worked in the Office of Management and Budget from 1957-59, and then worked for the United States Department of Justice in the Federal Bureau of Prisons until 1962 when he took a position with the Bureau of Inter-American Affairs at the US Department of State. Sugarman was appointed as Executive Secretary of a 13-member planning panel that was commissioned by Lyndon Johnson to create Head Start as part of the War on Poverty in the mid-1960s. Sugarman was New York’s Chief of the Human Resources Administration in the mid-1970s. Sugarman left his position as was named the Chief Administrative Officer of Atlanta in 1974 by Governor Maynard Jackson. He served on the team that helped Jimmy Carter transition from Governor of Georgia to President and served on the Civil Service Commission under Carter, where he oversaw the Civil Service Reform Act. Sugarman was also the Director of Planning for Hahnemann University and Medical School, Executive Director of the Special Olympics, and Secretary of Washington State’s DSHS. Sugarman was a board member of the Washington State Council for Children \u0026amp; Families and the Child Care Resources of Seattle/King County. Sugarman passed away in 2010 at the age of 83.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReginald “Reggie” Eaves (1934-2015) was an activist and an elected official. He graduated from Morehouse College in 1956 and after his tour of duty with the US Army, Eaves pursued his law degree at the New England School of Law. He was Executive Director of SNAP (South-end Neighborhood Action Program), and Commissioner of Penal Institutions of the Boston Institute of Suffolk County at Deer Island. In 1973, Eaves was appointed by Mayor Maynard Jackson as the first to serve as Commissioner of Public Safety. Eaves was also elected Fulton County Commissioner and served for 11 years. Eaves was a member of the Morehouse College Alumni Association, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, and many civic organizations. He also volunteered with organizations like the Police Athletic League, Concerned Black Clergy, and the Peoples Agenda.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e (Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos\u003c/em\u003e (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAffirmative action refers to policies that take factors including “race, color, religion, sex, or national origin” into consideration to the benefit of an underrepresented group “in areas of employment, education and business.” The concept of affirmative action was introduced in the early 1960s to combat racial discrimination in the hiring process, and in the 1967, the concept was expanded to include gender.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHartsfield Airport is the predecessor of the current Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. The airport was first developed in 1925 on an abandoned auto racetrack and was named “Candler Field” after its former owner's family, including Coca-Cola magnate Asa Candler. In the 1940s, the airport’s name changed to the “Atlanta Municipal Airport.” Atlanta Mayor William B. Hartsfield died on February 22, 1971, and on February 28, what would have been Hartsfield’s 81st birthday, its name was changed to “William B. Hartsfield Atlanta Airport.” In 2003 to honor late Mayor Maynard H. Jackson, the Atlanta City Council legislated a name change to “Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport” in recognition of the leadership that both provided to the city and the airport.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGail Hirschorn Evans is an American author, lecturer, and business executive. She is known for being the highest-ranking female executive at Cable News Network (CNN) and for her two books, \u003cem\u003ePlay Like a Man, Win Like a Woman\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eShe Wins, You Win\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCNN (Cable News Network) is an American cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Turner Broadcasting System, a division of Time Warner. Edward “Ted” Turner III founded the 24-hour cable news channel in 1990 in Atlanta, Georgia. CNN was the first to provide 24-hour news coverage and was the first all-news television channel in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCallaway Gardens is a 2,500-acre resort complex located in Pine Mountain, Georgia, just outside LaGrange, Georgia. Callaway Gardens was founded in 1952 by Cason J. and Virginia Hand Callaway to promote and protect native azalea species. Today, Callaway Gardens features a wide variety of recreational attractions including the Cecil B. Day Butterfly Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDon Chapman is an Atlanta based businessman, entrepreneur, and civic leader. Don graduated from the Georgia Institute of technology in 1961 and is the Chairman of ChapCo Investments LLC. He is on the board off numerous civic organizations including Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Wesleyan School Tech High Foundation, Junior Achievement of Georgia, Marcus Autism Center, and the Georgia Tech Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarbara Miller Asher (1938-1995) was a native of Wisconsin and moved to Atlanta, Georgia following her marriage to Normal Elsas in 1963. Barbara helped to open the Grady Child Care Center and was actively involved in the Atlanta Women’s Network. In 1974, Mayor Maynard Jackson appointed her to the city’s Zoning Review Board and in 1977 Barbara was elected to Atlanta City Council where she served three terms. Barbara also volunteered with the National Council of Jewish Women and committed all her time to volunteering with various organizations after she had children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSnack ‘N Shop was one of Atlanta’s iconic delis and gathering places for 43 years. Founded in 1958, the Landau and Feldman families owned and managed this popular destination until Dave Landau retired and the Feldman family closed it in 1996\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePaige Alexander is the Chief Executive Officer of The Cater Center. Alexander has a distinguished global development career in the government and nonprofit sectors. She was Associate Director of Project Liberty at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1992-93 and was a consultant to many institutions including the C.S. Mott Foundation, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, and the Open Society Institute in Prague. She has held senior leadership positions at two regional bureaus of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), covering missions and programs in 25 countries. Between her assignments with USAID, Alexander was Senior Vice President and European Founder/President of IREX, an international civil society, democracy, and education nonprofit organization, from 2001-2010. From 2017 until her appointment to The Carter Center in 2020, Alexander served as Executive Director of the European Cooperative for Rural Development (EUCORD) in Brussels and Amsterdam.  She has served on many global boards and committees, including the advisory boards for World Learning, IREX, the Romanian-American Foundation, the World Affairs Council of Atlanta, the ADL Southeast Region, and is a member of several human rights organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “daughter of commandments.” A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e around age 13, the same as boys who have their \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e at that age. The\u003cem\u003e bat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for\u003cem\u003e bat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMyrtle Reid Davis (born 1931) is a pharmacist and veteran city council member. Davis attended Xavier University and graduated with a BS in Pharmacy. In 1953, Davis was hired at the Queens City Pharmacy in Charlotte, North Carolina and in 1956 she moved to Atlanta, Georgia where she was hired by the Triangle Prescription Shop. Davis married activist and local physician, Dr. Albert M. Davis, in 1957. Throughout the 1960s, Davis served on the boards of numerous Atlanta based organizations including the League of Women Voters of Fulton County, where she served as President. She also served on the Board of Directors for the Gate City Day Nursery Association and was elected to serve on the Board of Directors for the Atlanta Urban League in 1970. In 1979, Davis was hired by Leadership Atlanta where she worked as Co-Executive Director for ten years. In 1981, Davis ran for public office and was elected as a member of the Atlanta City Council where she served as Chair of the Human Resources Committee, the Water and Pollution Committee, the Community Development Committee, and the Finance Committee. Davis became a candidate for Mayor for the City of Atlanta in 1994 following Maynard Jackson’s exit. She later became the coordinator for the 1996 Atlanta Expo. Davis is also affiliated with the Kiwanis Club of Atlanta, the National Board of Girl Scouts, the United Way of Metropolitan Atlanta, the Task Force for the Homeless, and the City of Atlanta’ Board of Ethics.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe League of Women Voters is a civic organization that was formed by Carrie Chapman Catt in 1920 to help women take a larger role in public affairs. It does not support or oppose candidates for office at any level of government but rather works to increase understanding of major public policy issues and to influence public policy through education and advocacy. The League of Women Voters is a nonpartisan organization that encourages the informed and active participation of citizens in government.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eL. Neil Williams (1936-2021) was an Atlanta lawyer, leader, and philanthropist. After graduating from Duke Law School in 1961, Williams and his wife moved to Atlanta where he began his 38-year legal career with Alston \u0026amp; Bird LLP. When he retired from Alston \u0026amp; Bird, he became the first General Counsel of Invesco. Williams served as a Corporate Director at numerous companies, including the Attorneys Liability Assurance Society. He was also a Director of Printpak, Inc., Acuity Brands, Inc., and Invesco Mortgage Capital, Inc. Williams was very involved in the Atlanta community and had an interest in the arts. He was a member of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra Chorus and Director of the Symphony as well as being Chairman of the Symphony’s Board from 1987-1990. He also served as Chairman of the Board of trustees of the Woodruff Arts Center from 2002-2008. Nationally, Williams served as a member of the Mountain Conservation Trust and the Board of Directors of the Brevard Music Center in North Carolina. He chaired the alumni associations of Duke Law School and Duke University, was a member of Duke’s Board of Trustees from 1980-1993 and Chairman from 1983-1988 and the Founding Director of the Duke management Company, serving until 1997. Williams’ involvement with philanthropic foundations including serving as a Trustee and Chair of The Duke Endowment, Chair of the Vasser Wooley Foundation in Atlanta, Trustee of the Halle Foundation in Atlanta, and Trustee Member of the Investment Committee of the Presbyterian Church Foundation in Louisville.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnti-Semitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe 1984 congressional race between Republican Patrick Swindall and Democrat Elliott Levitas was one marked by anti-Semitism. Though Swindall denied engaging in anti-Semitic tactics, there was a campaign letter circulated that proclaimed Swindall as “one of us.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMary Anne Summers (1933-2015) was an Atlanta native who did a lot of community and political work. Summers worked as a secretary for Delta Airlines, an assistant for the women’s programs at the Southeastern Fair and held positions at Lakewood Speedway and with the Georgia Tourism Committee. Summers worked for several Georgia politicians and public figures including Governors, Congressman, and Senators. She was Secretary for Richard Ashford during the Vandiver administration, Secretary to Doug Barnard and Assistant to the Governor during the Sanders administration and worked as assistant to the Georgia Senate where she helped Georgia Senators with speeches and bills. Summers also worked on Charles Weltner’s 1964 campaign for Congress and assisted Zell Miller in his 1974 campaign for Lieutenant Governor. She became involved with Elliott Levitas’ campaign for the House of Representatives and remained on his staff during his time as a Georgia Congressman. Summers was also involved in Civil Rights. She passed away in 2015 at the age of 82.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRooted in an African American spiritual and folk song of the same name, ‘kumbaya’ refers, often disparagingly, to moments of or efforts at harmony and unity.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFirst popularized by Australian author Bryce Courtenay’s \u003cem\u003eThe Power of One\u003c/em\u003e (1989), the power of one is the belief that one person can make a difference. As found in \u003cem\u003eThe Power of One\u003c/em\u003e, “The power of one is, above all things, the power to believe in yourself, often well beyond any latent ability you may have previously demonstrated.” \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eWebster v. Reproductive Health Services\u003c/em\u003e (1989) was a United States Supreme Court decision on upholding a Missouri law that imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities, and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling on abortions. The Supreme Court allowed for states to legislate in an aspect that had previously thought to be forbidden under \u003cem\u003eRoe v. Wade\u003c/em\u003e (1973). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eR\u003cem\u003eoe v. Wade\u003c/em\u003e (1973) was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the court ruled that the Constitution protects a pregnant woman’s liberty to choose to have an abortion without excessive government restriction. The ruling struck down many U.S. federal and state abortion laws and prompted a national debate in the United States about whether and to what extent abortion should be legal, who should decide the legality of abortion, and what methods the Supreme Court should use in constitutional adjudication, and what the role of religious and moral views in the political sphere should be. \u003cem\u003eRoe v. Wade\u003c/em\u003e reshaped American politics, dividing much of the United States into abortion rights and anti-abortion rights movements, while activating grassroots movements on both sides. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn US politics, a political action committee (PAC) is a political organization whose purpose is to raise and distribute campaign funds to candidates seeking political office. PACs are generally formed by corporations, labor unions, trade associations, or other organizations and individuals and channel the voluntary contributions they raise to candidates for elective offices, primarily in the US House of Representatives and the US Senate.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbortion-rights movements, also referred to as pro-choice movements, advocate for legal access to induced abortion services including elective abortion. The abortion rights movement seeks to represent and support women who wish to abort their fetus at any point during their pregnancy and puts forth efforts to establish a right for women to freely make the choice to have an abortion without the discrimination based on their decision. Someone who is pro-choice believes that women have a right to choose whether to continue their pregnancy and give birth or to have an abortion. Pro-choice proponents also believe the government does not have the right to choose what a woman does with her body.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBipartisanship, sometimes referred to as nonpartisanship, is a political situation, usually in the context of a two-party system, in which opposing political parties find common ground through compromise.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Women’s Foundation is the only public foundation in Georgia dedicated solely to women and girls. AWF stives to ensure that all women and girls in metro Atlanta live safe, economically self-sufficient, successful lives.  AWF provides funding, resources, and evaluation support to nonprofits that provide programs to low-income women and girls to help them break the cycle of poverty. They also build awareness and support through their issue area reports and provide leadership development through their Women on Board nonprofit training workshops and Inspire Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePlanned Parenthood is a non-profit organization that provides reproductive, maternal, and child health services, including cancer screening, HIV screening, contraception, and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta, Georgia affiliate of Planned Parenthood began in 1964 by Esther Taylor. In 1966, the first Planned Parenthood clinic opened at the Bethlehem Community Center and by 1974 Planned Parenthood of Atlanta was operating nine clinics throughout the Atlanta area. In 1997, clinic outreach was further expanded when planned parenthood of East-Central Georgia joined with Planned Parenthood of the Atlanta Area to become Planned Parenthood of Georgia. In 2010, Planned Parenthood Georgia combined with the Alabama and Mississippi affiliates and together they became Planned Parenthood Southeast.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited Way Worldwide is a privately funded nonprofit, based in the United States. The United Way network is made up of nearly 1,800 autonomous 501c3 organizations, each governed and funded locally. The network spans more than 40 countries and territories and 6 continents. It serves 61 million people across the globe, fueled by 2.9 million volunteers and 8.3 million donors. Its predecessor organization was founded in Denver, Colorado in 1887, and it became known as the United Way in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2021, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2021, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR), founded in 1875, is the oldest Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main training seminary for rabbis, cantors, educators, and communal workers in Reform Judaism.  It has campuses in Cincinnati, New York, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Roland Bertram Gittelsohn (1910-1995) was a U.S. Rabbi ordained at the Hebrew Union College in 1936. After serving as Rabbi from 1936 to 1953 at the Central Synagogue of Nassau County in Long Island, he was appointed Rabbi of Temple Israel, Boston, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “son of commandments.” A rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on \u003cem\u003etefillin\u003c/em\u003e, and may be counted to the \u003cem\u003eminyan\u003c/em\u003e quorum for public worship. He celebrates the \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e by being called up to the reading of the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two High Holy Days are \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e (Jewish New Year) and \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e (Day of Atonement). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Epstein, the formerly Orthodox congregation began to shift to Conservative Judaism, and officially joined the United Synagogue of America (now the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism), in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Sinai was founded as a Reform congregation in 1968 and met in a variety of locations before establishing a synagogue on Dupree Drive in Sandy Springs, north of Atlanta. Rabbi Richard Lehrman was chosen as the congregation's founding rabbi. As of 2021, the current Senior Rabbi is Rabbi Ron Segal, who has served in that position since 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia was bombed in the early morning hours of October 12, 1958. About 50 sticks of dynamite were planted near the building and tore a huge hole in the wall. No one was injured in the bombing as it was during the night. Rabbi Jacob Rothschild was an outspoken advocate of civil rights and integration and friend of Martin Luther King Jr. Five men associated with the National States’ Rights Party, a white separatist group, were tried and acquitted in the bombing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElaine Alexander was honored by Planned Parenthood Southeast as the first lifetime director to their Board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/50869/file/123779/annotation_set/570/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 2010, Elaine, Miles, and Kent Alexander were awarded the AJC’s Selig Distinguished Service Award. The award was established in 1986 in memory of Caroline Massell Selig and Simon S. 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