{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jq0sq8rh5f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Ashkenazie, Geraldine Sobol"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1997-01-13 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Ashkenazie, Geraldine Sobol (Interviewee)","Brickman, Shirley (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eGeraldine \"Jerre\" Sobol Ashkenazie was interview by Shirley Brickman on January 13, 1997. \u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Sobol Ashkenazie was born February 10, 1926 in Sioux City, Iowa to Edward and Minnie Marker Sobol. She had two sisters, Jean and Anita. She married Isadore “Sonny” Friedman and together they moved to Atlanta, where his family was. They had two children together, Eileen Yerlow and Ellen Goldstein. After her first husband’s passing, she married Saul Ashkenazie and they were married for 11 years until his passing in 1996. In 1960, Geraldine went to work at Ahavath Achim synagogue as a part-time bookkeeper. She would work at the AA until her retirement as Executive Director in 1999. She was one of the first women in the country to serve as executive director of a synagogue. She passed away on January 23, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Ashkenazie begins by discussing her childhood in the Midwest and reflecting on what it was like to grow up Jewish in such small communities.  She recalls her parents’ relationship and the family restaurant in Grand Island, Nebraska. She talks about meeting and marrying her first husband, Isadore “Sonny” Friedman, and moving to Atlanta. She describes working as a bookkeeper for the Southern Garment Company before going to work part time for Ahavath Achim Synagogue and eventually moving into the position of executive director. She reminisces on her relationships with the Rabbis at Ahavath Achim, and with the executive directors that preceded herself. She also reflects on how Atlanta has changed since she moved there, especially the Jewish community and synagogue membership. Finally, she discusses her plans to retire and the legacy she hopes to leave behind. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28984"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Ashkenazie, Geraldine Sobol (1926-2022) (personal name)","Ashkenazie, Saul (1914-1996)","Sobol, Edward","Friedman, Isadore","Bach, Benjamin H. (1895-1994)","Bach, Fannie","Kline, Mary","Smolen, Elliott","Galanti, Irving (1906-1979)","Epstein, Harry Hyman (1903-2003)","Epstein, Rebecca Chashesman","Mottsman, Yetta","Goodfriend, Isaac (1924-2009)","Meltz, Hyman","Cuba, Joseph (1909-1969)","Schwartzman, Joseph (1902-1969)","Borstein, Paul (1910-2003)","Dwoskin, Mary (1907-1983)","Karp, Herbert","Rosenbaum, Mildred","Waronker, Edith Newman (1924-2020)","Atlanta Kashruth Commission","Southern Garment Company (Atlanta, Ga.)","Congregation Shearith Israel","Congregation Beth Jacob","Ahavath Achim Synagogue","Temple Sinai","Grand Island, Nebraska","Sioux City, Iowa","Atlanta, Georgia","Central Cafe (Grand Island, Nebraska)","Minneapolis, Minnesota","Yom Kippur","Great Depression","Rosh HaShannah"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eGeraldine \"Jerre\" Sobol Ashkenazie was interview by Shirley Brickman on January 13, 1997.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Sobol Ashkenazie was born February 10, 1926 in Sioux City, Iowa to Edward and Minnie Marker Sobol. She had two sisters, Jean and Anita. She married Isadore \u0026ldquo;Sonny\u0026rdquo; Friedman and together they moved to Atlanta, where his family was. They had two children together, Eileen Yerlow and Ellen Goldstein. After her first husband\u0026rsquo;s passing, she married Saul Ashkenazie and they were married for 11 years until his passing in 1996. In 1960, Geraldine went to work at Ahavath Achim synagogue as a part-time bookkeeper. She would work at the AA until her retirement as Executive Director in 1999. She was one of the first women in the country to serve as executive director of a synagogue. She passed away on January 23, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Ashkenazie begins by discussing her childhood in the Midwest and reflecting on what it was like to grow up Jewish in such small communities. \u0026nbsp;She recalls her parents\u0026rsquo; relationship and the family restaurant in Grand Island, Nebraska. She talks about meeting and marrying her first husband, Isadore \u0026ldquo;Sonny\u0026rdquo; Friedman, and moving to Atlanta. She describes working as a bookkeeper for the Southern Garment Company before going to work part time for Ahavath Achim Synagogue and eventually moving into the position of executive director. She reminisces on her relationships with the Rabbis at Ahavath Achim, and with the executive directors that preceded herself. She also reflects on how Atlanta has changed since she moved there, especially the Jewish community and synagogue membership. Finally, she discusses her plans to retire and the legacy she hopes to leave behind.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Ashkenazie__Geraldine_lofi.mp3"]},"duration":4486.488,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/170/893/original/Ashkenazie__Geraldine_lofi.mp3?1668984919","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":4486.488,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Geraldine Ashkenazie [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: This is Shirley Brickman interviewing Jerre Ashkenazie on January\n13, 1997, for the Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta, co-sponsored by\nAmerican Jewish Committee, the Atlanta Jewish Federation and the National\nCouncil of Jewish Women. Jerre, if you'll step back in time with me and give me\na little bit of a background about your home life, let's start with the town\nthat you were born in.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I was born in Minneapolis, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Minnesota on February 10, 1926, and lived\nthere until I was about four and a half. My father traveled North and South\nDakota, and he only got home about once every two and a half months. We moved to\nGrand Island, Nebraska, so that my father could be home maybe once every month.\nHe sold jewelry. We went to live in this small town, there were five Jewish\nfamilies. I really didn't know what a Jew was until I was about 13 when we moved\nto Sioux City, Iowa, because my mother found out that my older sister found a\nboyfriend who wasn't Jewish, so she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immediately moved us out of the city. I do\nremember being chased home from school in Grand Island, Nebraska, because it was\nall Germans, but I didn't know why they were chasing me. But anyhow, then we\nlived in Sioux City from when I was about 12 or 13 until I met Sonny, who was in\nthe service, stationed in Sioux City, Iowa. Then he left to go overseas. When he\ncame back, we got engaged and we got married, and that's how I came to Atlanta.\n\nBRICKMAN: Back up a little ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bit to your home life in the original city where you\nwere born. Did you have sisters and brothers there?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I had two sisters, no brothers. My zayde [Yiddish: grandfather]\nlived with us. He was a very religious man. My mother kept a kosher home. When\nwe moved to Grand Island, my grandfather didn't stay there because he would have\nhad to give up his bootlegging business. He was a tailor by trade and a\nbootlegger through ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adventure. So, we really did not keep a kosher home or have\nmuch of a Jewish life because there was nobody there. I mean, when the holidays\ncame in Grand Island, they used to bring all the Jews in from Kearney [Nebraska]\nand all the small towns. They would hire a rabbi and we would have our Rosh\nHaShanah and Yom Kippur services at the Liederkrantz, which was a German organization.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you manage to get kosher food? Was it accessible there?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: No, there was nothing there. I didn't know anything about Jewish or\nJudaism at all.\n\nBRICKMAN: And what brought your zayde to this country? Were your parents born in America?\n\nASHKENAZIE: My father was born in Poland. My mother was born in Minneapolis.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember where in Poland, the city?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I have it written down. I don't know the city. He had a lot of\nbrothers and sisters, and he was the only one who came to this country. He came\nwhen he was 16 so he didn't have to go into the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"army, and he could neither read\nor write. He went to school one day and everybody laughed at him. So that was\nthe end. He taught himself to read and to write.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did he choose the location in America? Who was here to welcome him?\n\nASHKENAZIE: His cousin brought him over here. His cousin was in South Dakota,\nand he came here from New York to South Dakota.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did the family go into this sale of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jewelry? Where did that\noriginate? Or was it just a job?\n\nASHKENAZIE: It was just a job. There was no background. He came to this country,\nand they had a store, I think. I know he had a store, they sold shoes, because\nmy sister was born in Timberlake, South Dakota. That's where they were living at\nthat time before I was born, and they had a store selling shoes because my\nsister went back before she died. They said to her, she was trying to find out\nwhere the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"store was, and the newspaper, they took out these old newspapers and\nthey said, \"Oh, your father had the Jew store.\" Well, they were the only Jews in\nTimber Lake, South Dakota.\n\nBRICKMAN: What were the names of your parents?\n\nASHKENAZIE: My father's name was Edward Sobol, and my mother was Minnie Marker Sobol.\n\nBRICKMAN: Is it S-O-B-E-L or L-E?\n\nASHKENAZIE: S-O-B-O-L.\n\nBRICKMAN: O-L. And where was your mother? Your mother was born where?\n\nASHKENAZIE: She was born in Minneapolis. Her mother died when she was 12 years\nold, and the older sister was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like the mother, and she raised all the children.\nThey're all gone. That whole family is gone.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember anything about your elementary school days? You were\nthe only Jewish child in the whole area?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, there were five Jewish families in Grand Island. During the\nDepression, if it wasn't for one of the families, I think we'd have been street\npeople because my father lost his business. I think they had $15 in the United\nStates savings. You could go to the post office, you know, and have savings. It\nwas very rough there for a while. But no, there were five ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"families and all of\nthem had children. They also are all gone, and some of their children. Their\nchildren, nobody lives there. They all spread to different places.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember anything unusual about your elementary school days?\nYour playmates, what you did, how you spent your time?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I don't remember anything about going to school in Grand Island\nbecause I was little. I remember that it snowed a lot, and you wore snow suits\nand you walked to school. We didn't get busses and we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't have parents with\ncars, you walked to school. But I do remember in my junior high, high school, I\nremember very well. In fact, we had our 50th reunion, I think it was two or\nthree years ago, but I didn't go because it was too much for Saul at that time.\nBut they have an organization, they do get in touch. I remember that Jewish\nchildren weren't too active in the clubs, as you call them.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did they allow them?\n\nASHKENAZIE: They had DeMolay and all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this Eastern Star business. I remember I\nbelonged to a couple of the clubs, and I was in a play. I do remember that.\nThat's been a long time.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there family . . . when it came to Pesach or Hanukkah or any of\nthe holidays, did people, all the five families get together or did you stay\nwith your own?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No. In fact, I do not ever remember in Grand Island having a\nPassover Seder. I know that at Hanukkah . . . There was a man ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"named Mr. Kaufman\nand he had a dime store, was a two story dime store in this little town, he sold\nreally everything, but it was a dime store. At Hanukkah, we used to have a\nprogram on the second floor. He gave everybody a stocking filled with oranges\nand everybody sort of performed, did a little play thing. That was it.\n\nBRICKMAN: Was there a movie house?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yes, there was a movie house because my mother used to give us a\ndime, and my sister, my middle ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sister who has passed away, we used to go to the\nmovie. You saw Flash Gordon and something else and something else and then a\nmovie. The movie was $0.05, and the popcorn was $0.05, and we stayed all day.\n\nBRICKMAN: Was that the main activity of the weekend?\n\nASHKENAZIE: The main activity in Grand Island, Nebraska, was going down to the\nUnion Pacific Railroad and waving at the trains as they went through. That's why\nI watch people now because that's what we did. You would go downtown on Saturday\nnight ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and my folks had a restaurant and you sat on the car in front of the\nrestaurant, and you just watch people walk by.\n\nBRICKMAN: You mentioned they had a restaurant. Now, was this in later years?\n\nASHKENAZIE: My father and mother had an accident going [to] some small town for\na baseball game and my father dislocated his shoulder and he wasn't able to\ndrive. He brought interest with a man [who] had a restaurant. The man used to go\nout in the front, take the order, and then he rushed in the kitchen and cooked\nthe food. And so, my father bought a partnership ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with him. My father stayed in\nthe front, the man did the cooking. Then they moved to a much bigger place, and\nit was called the Central Cafe. You could have a roast beef or roast pork\nsandwich with mashed potatoes and gravy for $0.25.\n\nBRICKMAN: What year was this about?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Let's see. In Grand Island, it must have been probably 1930. Well,\nright before 1930.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you ever work in the restaurant?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, absolutely.\n\nBRICKMAN: In what capacity?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I stood behind the counter and put the silverware ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out on the thing.\n\nBRICKMAN: So that was already learning then how to be a part of what was going\non in the world. That should be on your resume.\n\nASHKENAZIE: And then when Roosevelt stopped, and they made the Four Point Beer\nor whatever it was, then we opened up and we sold beer. You got a free hotdog\nwhen you got a mug of beer, that I can remember. I remember more about the\nrestaurant than anything. We had a Chinese cook, and one day he was chasing my\nmother with a . . . he was going to let her . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had a . . . but I remember\nthat. I remember that very well. The restaurant more than anything else. In\nfact, when I had my 60th birthday, we recreated . . . we had, at that time they\ndidn't have cowboy, they didn't have dancing like they do now. We had a caller,\nand we had my brother-in-law, who painted signs, he came and made all these\nthings, Central Cafe. Oh, we had a great time. We had a great time.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember playing any particular kind of games that would\ninterest you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah. In Grand Island?\n\nBRICKMAN: Yes.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah. Every night. We had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alleys. They don't have alleys anymore.\n\nBRICKMAN: What kind of alleys?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Behind our houses.\n\nBRICKMAN: Oh, alleys.\n\nASHKENAZIE: The kids would come out, we'd play kick the can or run, something\nrun. I don't remember now, but we always were outside until it got dark. You\ndon't have to worry then about somebody grabbing us.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there out of friends to have your time occupied?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh sure. Well, I had a sister that was older, and she was stuck with\nme. If she didn't take me, she didn't get out of the house. When she wanted to\ngo with her boyfriends, she used to . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a big church right on the\ncorner where we lived, black stone outside, black as pitch. It was just the\ndarkest corner. She would take and she would sit me down and she would say to\nme, \"You sit here 'til I come back.\" And I sat there.\n\nBRICKMAN: How old were you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, God, I was a kid. I couldn't have been ten, 11, 12 years old,\nscared to death. I was so scared of her, God, more scared of her than my oldest\nsister. I was scared to death of her.\n\nBRICKMAN: Can you think of, if you had to describe your father, what kind of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person was he? I know he wasn't home a lot, but to you [how] did he appear?\n\nASHKENAZIE: My father was handsome, he was just a handsome man. He was very\npleasant. Unless you dropped something on the floor, [then] he wasn't so\npleasant. He was very methodical. If you open his suitcase when he came home,\nthe socks were in one place, and everything was folded. If we came home and you\nput something on a chair in the dining room or anything, you could well know\nthat it was going to be on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"floor in your room the next morning.\n\nBRICKMAN: Very exact about everything.\n\nASHKENAZIE: He was very exact about everything.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you think you picked up those qualities?\n\nASHKENAZIE: You know, we worshiped that my father. My mother said, \"When your\ndaddy comes home--\" But he was very fair. He didn't . . . he died very young.\nBut he used to take me fishing. See, I was the only one left at home at a\ncertain point before I got, when I was like 15 or 14. He used to take me out in\nthe boat on the Platte River and we would fish. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But you went at 4 o'clock in the\nmorning before it got hot. He made me bait my own hook. We did not ever have a\nlot of money, so everything that you got, you had respect for. He never would\nlet you drive his car.\n\nBRICKMAN: But those are special memories.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yes. And my father loved to cook, and he made wonderful\npancakes. Then when we lived in Grand Island before we moved to the big city, he\nand my mother used to can, he used to go out and kill pheasant, and then they\nwould jar ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. He used to make pickles and pickled tongue and root beer and ketchup.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, all of those qualities helped him when he bought the restaurant.\nHe had these innate abilities.\n\nASHKENAZIE: He had a certain charm about him. In fact, if you really want to\nknow the truth, his family didn't think my mother was quite good enough for him.\nThey wanted him to leave her with three children. They had picked out this real\nrich woman for him to . . . But he didn't.\n\nBRICKMAN: Where did they meet each other?\n\nASHKENAZIE: In Minneapolis.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you know the story?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, I really don't. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talk a lot, my sister and I, because she\nreally remembers more about those days than I do. I can remember when I was\nlittle, like three or four, my mother used to go play mahjong with her lady\nfriend and she used to take me with her, and I'd sleep on the couch until they\nwere ready to go home.\n\nBRICKMAN: And if you had to describe Mom, what kind of person she was.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, she was fabulous. She never knew, she never complained, and she\nmade whatever we had. If it was a hot dog and mashed potatoes, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was a treat.\nShe used to always say to you, \"I can't do this for you this week, because I\nhave to pay this and next week, I have to pay this. But the third week is my\nfull week and maybe we can buy it.\"\n\nBRICKMAN: Was she always at home?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, no, she . . . Well, she was at home, except while we had the\nrestaurant. She worked in the restaurant.\n\nBRICKMAN: Doing what? Whatever needed?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Cooking, serving, whatever was involved.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you think that you picked up some of her qualities? Who are you\nalike, your mom or your dad? Can you tell?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I would certainly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hope I was like her. I would like to be like . . .\nI feel like both of them. She just adored him. We have a picture where they're\nhaving a picnic and she's sitting there just gazing at him. He was very\nhandsome. And I think my mother was not unattractive, but she was just a plain\nJewish woman like you would, you know what I mean, just she was very busty, and\nshe had a little thing on the behind, like a little shelf. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But she was such a\ngood woman, and she did everything. In later life even more. Come Thursday,\nhoney, the baking started, and the rolls and the bread and anything he wanted. Anything.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you remember helping her in the kitchen with anything? Or was Mom\npretty much running the house?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I didn't pay any attention to what she was cooking. But my sister,\nwho is 80, still has my mother's pots and pans and she doesn't use them. They're\nthere in the cupboard.\n\nBRICKMAN: Those are memories.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: That's right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Those are memories. How old was dad when he passed away?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He was 56. And Mother died [at] 57. They died the year . . . one\ndied one year in February and the other one died the next year in September.\n\nBRICKMAN: You were already in Atlanta.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, God, yeah. Oh, sure.\n\nBRICKMAN: So where did you meet Saul?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Saul, or my first husband?\n\nBRICKMAN: Sonny. Sonny first.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Sonny was in the service, and we were at the . . . they had a . . .\nthis was now in Sioux City and there was an Air Force base there. We had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something at the Jewish Community Center for the Servicemen, and that's where I\nmet him. He was stationed [there], I think, 30 days. We went out every day for\n30 days and then he was shipped out to Kansas or wherever. India, he finally\nwent to India and then we wrote all that time. In the meantime, when he left, I\nwent to California to live with my sister.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, you were by yourself.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah, I was there a lot.\n\nBRICKMAN: And went again, to help me out, did you come into Atlanta? The year.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I came to Atlanta in 1946.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Do you remember that period of time?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I can remember getting off the train in this nasty looking town that\neverybody looked like they were sleeping. Sonny picked me up and we went up\nPeachtree and everything was so dirty looking, it was just really . . . there\nwas just . . . This was a real dead looking place.\n\nBRICKMAN: How was Atlanta on your plan? I mean, why did you choose this?\n\nASHKENAZIE: This was where Sonny lived. His whole family.\n\nBRICKMAN: His home.\n\nASHKENAZIE: All of his brothers and sisters. Everybody lived here.\n\nBRICKMAN: What did you do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you first came to Atlanta? Were you working?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I came to Atlanta, and we were married like 30 days. I realized that\nwe didn't have enough money to live on. We were renting an apartment from the\nAuerbachs. Someone had had some problem and they left the apartment, or we would\nprobably have been living in a furnished room.\n\nBRICKMAN: Are you talking about Abe Auerbach?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, it was the one . . . It was on Argonne. On Argonne. It was on\nthe third floor, like an attic apartment. We lived up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there when we first got\nmarried. I went to work for Ben and Fannie Bach at Southern Garment Company.\n\nBRICKMAN: Doing what, Jerre?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Bookkeeping.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you [indistinct 00:16:40] that background. You had studied bookkeeping?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Just what I did in school. I took bookkeeping and I also took a\ncourse in the shorthand and the comptometer. At that time, they had those. The\nwoman in the comptometer class, whatever it was, shorthand, she called me in. I\nreally didn't realize that it was an ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitic remark that she made to me. Now\nthat I think back about it, she said to me that she felt that maybe my\nabilities, I should try sales because she didn't think I could make it in an\noffice. I always wished I could remember her name because I would have written\nher a letter.\n\nBRICKMAN: Well, how did you respond to that? You just . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: I didn't even realize. I was, what, 16 years old? I graduated like a mid-year.\n\nBRICKMAN: But you knew that you were capable.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I don't know that I knew that I was capable. I know that when I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was\nprobably in the 10th grade, which maybe makes me 14 or 15, we were very . . .\nmoney was very short. I can't say we were poor because we were rich. We were\nrich in the fact that we had a great family life and we had . . . we were just\nall very close. My mother, my two sisters, and myself used to sit in Nebraska,\nwhen they had the sandstorm, and we played mahjong when the sand was coming\nunder the doors, when they had the Oklahoma. That was before we left ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grand\nIsland. We sat, we had a good time together.\n\nBRICKMAN: But you learned how to spend your time with each other. So that\nprobably lasted into your family because those are qualities and memories that\nare meaningful.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, we're very close. Even though my sister, who just passed away,\nwe're very close. I mean, we share everything. I don't think outside of one\nwedding I have ever missed a family function. Even if I had to go on a Friday\nand come home on Sunday, I never missed a major anniversary. I never ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"missed a\nmajor birthday. And if I missed it, I arranged it so they could come here to be\nwith me. In other words, we were together, always.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's very special.\n\nASHKENAZIE: In fact, the two weeks and a half I just spent with my sister, it\nwas really a healing time for us. We never had a time to talk about the sister\nthat had passed away.\n\nBRICKMAN: At least for that length of time.\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, we just . . . Because I only went for the one and a half days\nand, you know, just for the funeral.\n\nBRICKMAN: I'm going to back up to your early days in Atlanta, although I'm\nfascinated with the sandstorms and the snow of the preceding vicinity where you\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived. So, when you came here, your first job you said was a bookkeeping job.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah, well, it was . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you stay there a while?\n\nASHKENAZIE: It was an assistant to Mary Kline. You know Mary Kline? Okay. Mary\nKlein, I worked for her. I don't even remember, I think I used an RVC, something\nthat you put information in, and it printed it out. Then they asked me if I\nwould go upstairs and work for Elliott Smolen, who was running Stitchmaster,\nwhich was part of Southern Garment anyhow. I went up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there and I did all of the\nbookkeeping, I did the payroll. We used to figure the pieces. Then when you did\nthe payroll, you had to break out and you gave them cash. Nobody gave checks for\npayroll at that time.\n\nBRICKMAN: According to their performance, according to how much they had done?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, they got like piecemeal.\n\nBRICKMAN: Right, okay.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Then I used to go out in the factory, and I used to run the button\nmachine, and I could trim and tag. Outside of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using the cutting machine, there\nwas very little I couldn't do, and I sewed a lot. And when I would watch the\ncutter and how they notched with the machine and how they matched up, I really .\n. . I sewed so for a long time. I made clothes for both my daughters.\n\nBRICKMAN: But did you learn sewing from that job or it was already . . . ?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, I had always sewn. My mother, honey, you didn't leave home 'til\nyou could cook and sew. Especially sewing, I love to sew. I had a machine up\nuntil a couple of years ago, and I gave it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"away because nobody wanted me to make\nanything for them.\n\nBRICKMAN: That takes care of clothes, drapes, everything.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I would say that I worked between Stitchmaster and Ben Bach's\ncompany, I would say maybe about eight years, somewhere in there.\n\nBRICKMAN: Why did you leave?\n\nASHKENAZIE: They went out of business. I was pregnant, then they went out of business.\n\nBRICKMAN: So now . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: And bankrupt, I think.\n\nBRICKMAN: Now you're getting ready to start your own family.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, I already had. I had Eileen then. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eileen was a baby when I went\nto work there, and she went to Happy Land Nursery School over there on Greenwood\nor somewhere. It was run by two ladies. I didn't realize, you know, two ladies\nliving together, but at that time I was very innocent. She went to . . . I had\neither a maid in the house or I send her to nursery school. And then when I got\npregnant with Ellen, that's when I quit working. I had just had Ellen, and Selma\nBelle Feldman called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me and told me that the synagogue was looking for someone\nto work three days a week, and she knew I was looking for something.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were you still on Argonne [Avenue] or had you moved?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, no. We had moved from Argonne. We had moved several times. At\nthat time, when I went to work there, let's see, we had moved back. I think at\nthat time we were living on Seventh Street, which was right behind where we\nlived. We usually stayed in the same . . . We lived on Boulevard when the kids\nwere little. I think that by the time I was working at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogue, I walked, so .\n. .\n\nBRICKMAN: Were there were a lot of Jewish families around you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, God, Boulevard . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Boulevard.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Boulevard was all Jews. We used to go up, we used to sit outside and\nplay mahjong and watch the kids all that the same time.\n\nBRICKMAN: Times are very different.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah. No, they don't do anything like that anymore. Nobody does\nanything. You used to walk to the Fox. Now, see, we had left Argonne and we\nmoved into a two-bedroom apartment because I had both kids. But you used to walk\nto the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fox to go to the movies. It wasn't that far, it really wasn't. You were\nright there on Sevenths, you just walked.\n\nBRICKMAN: Or you could take a streetcar.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, the few times . . . Who could afford to go, anyhow? But the\nfew times you went, you walked, but you had to be dressed.\n\nBRICKMAN: How did you spend your time as a family? You're in a different city\nnow with a different environment. What do you remember when the children were small?\n\nASHKENAZIE: When the children were small, we lived where there were other\nfamilies that had children. And then I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was . . . Sonny's family was a very close family.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did he have a big family?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah, there was--they're all gone now--there was a brother and\ntwo sisters . . . Morris and Sonny, I think there were just four of them. Then\ntheir children, Edith, his sister, had children the same age, so they were\nfriendly, you know what I mean. You know, they all walked to school, or they\nrode the bus to school.\n\nBRICKMAN: Where did the children go to school?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, let's see, until we moved, they went to Samuel Inman. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They\ntook the bus.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did anything change Jewishly in your family then? Were you belonging\nto a synagogue at that point?\n\nASHKENAZIE: We belonged to Beth Jacob, because they were right there on\nBoulevard, you know, when the church. But then we put the kids in Shearith\nIsrael. Then when I came to work at the synagogue [Ahavath Achim], I was still\nat Shearith Israel, but Irving Galanti thought I should belong here. So, we\ntransferred over here.\n\nBRICKMAN: I guess I should back up just a little bit. When you found out that\nthere was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three day position available, was the synagogue on Washington [Street]?\n\nASHKENAZIE: We were on Washington and Tenth Street. We were on Washington Street\nand Tenth Street about the first year and a half or maybe two years. We moved\nfrom Tenth Street when we sold the building.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, you took that job?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I took the job and I worked, I think, a week, and Irving offered me\na full time job.\n\nBRICKMAN: Could you do that?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I took my . . . I had a baby.\n\nBRICKMAN: Right.\n\nASHKENAZIE: A little infant. I took her every day to my in-laws on Parkway, and\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they took care of her. My mother-in-law gave her an enema every day. My poor baby.\n\nBRICKMAN: Well, that was to keep everything clear.\n\nASHKENAZIE: That's right. She was keeping her clean. Then as the kids, as they\ngot older, they went to the early childhood program.\n\nBRICKMAN: At the synagogue?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah, one of them did. And the bus . . . It was hard.\n\nBRICKMAN: What year did you start working at the synagogue? Just the three day a week?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: The first day I worked here was March 6, 1956, I think. Yeah, 1956,\nbecause I'm finishing 41 [years] and I start on 42 in March. I came for three\ndays a week. And when you . . . I opened up a cashbook they had, not in the\nsafe, but in the book itself, these checks were stuck in. They had no controls,\nthey had nothing. But then I equally knew nothing about being Jewish, so it was\n. . .\n\nBRICKMAN: You were even.\n\nASHKENAZIE: We were even to start.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: What was the total of the congregation when you started? Do you\nremember that, about how many members?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I think it was . . . I really don't know that I was even aware at\nthat time, but it was somewhere between 1,200 and 1,500. I was in an office, and\nI was behind a door. Going into Rabbi Epstein's office, I was on the left.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were you in the synagogue or on Tenth?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, I was on Tenth Street.\n\nBRICKMAN: On Tenth Street.\n\nASHKENAZIE: And then they had services Friday night. Rabbi Epstein, I don't\nthink he realized I was there for about the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first . . . He used to walk by the\noffice, and he'd smile at me, you know what I mean.\n\nBRICKMAN: Didn't know who you were.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, God, I bet he . . . [interview pauses; then resumes]\n\nBRICKMAN: We're going to continue. Now, I want to ask you, when you had this\nposition and you said Irving Galanti was working. He was the executive director\nat that time. And I understand your initial responsibilities. What kind of\nperson was he and what kind of relationship did you have with Mr. Galanti?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I couldn't put that on tape.\n\nBRICKMAN: So positive?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Irving Galanti and I had a wonderful, wonderful ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relationship\n[interview pauses; then resumes]\n\nBRICKMAN: As you were saying, Jerre.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Irving was a wonderful boss to me, he really was. There were many\ntimes when . . . he was very good to me. I needed to be off for when my daughter\nwas sick or when Sonny was sick, all of these times. He really was, he was a\nvery caring person. He was not easy to work for.\n\nBRICKMAN: Why?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Demanding?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He was a very demanding ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person. An example, I used to do all of the\nordering of all the food, which somebody else does now. I used to, when we did\nweddings, we did everything in house. I ordered all the food for the weddings, I\nhired the cooks, I see that we had the waiters, and I was in the kitchen until\nwe served the meal. That was my second job. The first job was the books and the\nrecords. We didn't have computers, we billed everybody by hand. We didn't have\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything like we have now. Of course, I think some of the recordkeeping we did\nthem was a little more positive than the computer, because you can't visually\nsee in the computer once you pass a certain stage that's gone forever.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, with each function that you had here, you really had to\ncommunicate with an individual? Or he did that and then gave the instructions to you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He would meet with the party . . . no, he did all of that. But I\ndid, like if we were setting tables, all those laces that went around those\ntables, I made those at home on my sewing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"machine. But that was my second job.\nThe main job . . . that I did extra, and I got paid extra for that. But I mean,\nnot . . . whatever I got, I had children, and I needed the money, so I didn't\nmind doing it.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you know what your job was going to be each day or was it a surprise?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, I knew what my job was. That was pretty . . . we didn't have all\nthe help we have in the office now. There was just Yetta Mottsman. When we came\nhere, there was just Yetta--that was Rabbi Epstein's secretary--and myself. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That\nwas the whole office. And we had these huge books that had the yahrzeit. They\nwere like this, and you had to sit down, and at that time, shammash Kline\nreminded everybody. We didn't send notice.\n\nBRICKMAN: He would contact each person.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yes, but then he got sick and died. I don't remember. I think we\nwere here already when shammash Kline died. We were in this building.\n\nBRICKMAN: That was Shiki [sp] Kline's dad?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah. When I came, I was just doing the books, and Yetta was the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"secretary. I don't know . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Your office was on Tenth Street.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah.\n\nBRICKMAN: The shul was on Washington Street.\n\nASHKENAZIE: And every . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Were all the activities on Tenth or at the shul or did it vary?\n\nASHKENAZIE: They were . . . Like Sisterhood was on Tenth Street. Really, the\nonly time we were in Washington Street . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Services.\n\nASHKENAZIE: . . . was services on Friday night. We still had Friday night\nservices and Saturday morning services. So, we used to prepare the food on Tenth\nStreet and then Leo used to take it in the bus to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Washington Street. And Jesse\nTribble [sp] was the only janitor that we had.\n\nBRICKMAN: What was across the street from the shul on Washington Street that I\nremember receptions . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: A drug store.\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . after confirmation. Was there not a school or something that we\nwould have receptions in?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I wasn't, I didn't come that early. We had them downstairs, in the\ndownstairs hall.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, now your job is bookkeeping and ordering and making sure that the\nsocial functions are run properly.\n\nASHKENAZIE: That were once we came in this building.\n\nBRICKMAN: Almost a bridal consultant and everything else.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: They still think I'm a bridal consultant. They'll call me, they'll\ngive me the name of an orchestra I'd never heard of my life. Who is . . . He's\nthe [indistinct 00:30:07] and that . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: So, you learned as you went along?\n\nASHKENAZIE: That's right.\n\nBRICKMAN: Really. Made it up.\n\nASHKENAZIE: And then when we left Washington Street . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: In what year?\n\nASHKENAZIE: We came in this building in 1958. I think that summer we had the\nclosing. They carried the Torahs out and we just . . . They wrecked the\nbuilding. Irving and I went over there, and we took down all of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yahrzeit\nplaques. I think [indistinct 00:30:34, possibly Mr. Fran or a cut-off of Cantor\nGoodfriend] helped. We bound all of them up with wire to keep them all together.\nAnd we went upstairs in the attic and there were the lions that used to be over\nthe bimah. I don't even know what happened to them. Then the windows that were\nthere, some people, I think Joe Cuba took some and Hyman Meltz to save some of them.\n\nBRICKMAN: Some of those are at the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Museum now.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah. When we sold Tenth Street to the union, we moved to a building\n. . . A Brickman. Not Brickman. Which one was in the . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Petty Bregman?\n\nASHKENAZIE: The Bregmans, excuse me. The Bregman had a building on West\nPeachtree, and he had an upstairs and downstairs. It was like a big house. He\ngave us some space for our office. That was . . . but first we went to a house\nthat was on Columbia and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tenth Street, an old house. I don't know if one of our\nmembers owned it, but it was right down the street, but it was right on Tenth\nStreet. It was a big corner house and I think they closed that street, and they\nrerouted it. I think that house is gone now.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's when they sold Tenth Street building?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah. It was so old, and Irving had an office, and the gift shop had\na little place there.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, you really weren't in this new building yet as an office?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No. And then we came . . . that building was sold, and we moved into\nBrickman . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Bregman.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Bregman's building. In fact, you know who got married there? Not Sam\nFedorkin [sp] but his brother.\n\nBRICKMAN: Billy?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Billy got married there after she came from the mikvah, because I\nheld one of the poles. I remember. She got married there. And we did the seating\nthen. We were already here on Sunday selling seats. I think Yetta had already\nquit by then. We had a girl whose ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"husband went to Georgia Tech. She was working\nfor me, and then she was working for me here.\n\nBRICKMAN: What was your title at that point? Do everything person?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I have no idea what my title was. I was really . . . I always\nlaughed. When they hired Bob Kravitz, Marvin Goldstein said to me, \"You know,\nyou could have been Irving's assistant.\" I said, \"Isn't that funny, I always\nthought I was.\" When we came to this building, the office, Irving's office\nwasn't there. He really was where the gift shop ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was. Then we added on that\noffice because the gift shop . . . now, I don't remember why we didn't . . . but\nthe whole office was empty. There wasn't . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Where were you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I was at a desk right in front of Irving's office. I think we had\none other person working. People came to join, and they were lined up in chairs\nlike a grocery store, number 12, number 13. Mary Dwoskin was working, helping,\nand it was my wedding ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anniversary, and here she comes one day with an\nanniversary cake. We worked . . . I cannot tell you. None of the plates were on\nthe seats. They didn't even have the seats in upstairs, and it was like the day\nbefore Rosh HaShannah. Not that many . . . but there weren't any numbers and\nthese people who put the seats in did not work until church was over with on\nSunday. We finished and got the nameplates up and I went home and from home I\nwent to the hospital for two weeks from exhaustion. I was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Georgia Baptist\nHospital. That was it. I was just . . . we worked, I don't think anybody even\nrealizes what we put in getting into this building because we didn't get in and\nwe had a wedding here, but they couldn't have the reception because the chapel .\n. . there was so much that wasn't finished. Now, downstairs was dirt near where\nthe Perling Youth Lounge is.\n\nBRICKMAN: So, it was Erev Yontif too?\n\nASHKENAZIE: It was Erev Yontif when we moved in here. I walked out from Rosh\nHaShannah, people were coming to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"service. We had a tremendous influx of members.\n\nBRICKMAN: That's what I was going to ask you. Did you find that all of a sudden\nthat a lot of people wanted to join?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, gosh, yes. Oh, yeah. People we lived on this side of town who\nmaybe were going on the other side of town, they came here. And it was like at\nnightmare, it really was. We worked.\n\nBRICKMAN: And the year was?\n\nASHKENAZIE: 1958.\n\nBRICKMAN: 1958. You said when you first started, you thought you had around\n1,200 members. I guess it jumped like crazy, then.\n\nASHKENAZIE: We went to about 1,700 to 1,800, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we sort of really stayed there.\nNow, when Temple Sinai opened, we lost not what we thought. We lost some\nmembers, but we really sort of maintained. Of course you have an influx. You\nhave singles that join this year. You have people that die. They leave, some new\nsingles come in. You know what I mean, we really have a span of ages.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you have a working relationship at that time with a lot of the\noffice? You said Mary Dwoskin, and I'm ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thinking of all the past presidents and things.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I really always had a very nice relationship with . . . you know,\nchairman but actually they met with, they dealt with Irving. They didn't have\nofficers' meetings every week, you know what I mean. It was nothing like it is now.\n\nBRICKMAN: How long was Mr. Galanti here? Until what year?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He only was here 20 years, but he was here from before. He was a\nSunday school ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teacher; he was all those things. I would say more, let's see\n[indistinct 00:36:04] been dead since 1974 and I think Irving left not too much\nafter that, maybe 1975.\n\nBRICKMAN: And his position was filled with . . . ?\n\nASHKENAZIE: When Irving . . . When they hired Bob Kravitz, they terminated\nIrving. They gave him a year. He was supposed to be fundraising for the school,\nbut it wasn't . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Did your position change at that time?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No. When they brought Bob Kravitz in, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gerald Cohen--who was\npresident at the time--announced that he would be the executory and I would be\nthe office manager.\n\nBRICKMAN: You were so knowledgeable about everything that went on.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, Bob Kravitz had no . . . he didn't, I mean, it really has\nnothing to do with the history, but he knew nothing about bookkeeping, he knew\nnothing about assets. He knew nothing. He relied on me to furnish everything as\nfar as finance. But anyhow, when he left, quickly . . . after his departure, the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"officers asked me if I would be the director in the interim, the administrator.\nWhich I did. And this is also a very interesting story, which is best left unsaid.\n\nBRICKMAN: But the interim became a full-time position?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, then there were certain people that I think if they hadn't\noffered me the job, we might . . . and they offered me the job, which I accepted.\n\nBRICKMAN: Was it a difficult move for you, or were you . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: It was very, it was . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: . . . More responsibility?\n\nASHKENAZIE: . . . difficult in this sense; I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had to separate myself from the\noffice staff, which was very, very hard. I had put myself in a different\nposition. It took me at least five years not to explain if I left early or if I\nwas going to lunch, then I had to explain to everybody what I was doing. That\ntook me a long time, that I had to apologize for, \"Well, I'm leaving early\ntoday.\" And you know, I came in an hour, you know what I mean, I was still at\nthat point.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were you working with people who had worked with you a long time?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Who was office staff? Had they been around . . . ?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Edith Walker was here then, And Sylvia.\n\nBRICKMAN: Freedberg.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Freedberg. And Bailey was here at that time. And then the rest of\nthe girls have changed over the years. One might be your five or six years.\nBerniece has been here probably longer than anybody of that new group. We had a\nlot of different people who worked here, you know, different people in the office.\n\nBRICKMAN: Rabbi Epstein was still rabbi at that time.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Rabbi Epstein was still rabbi.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: And now I want to ask you about your relationship with Rabbi Epstein,\nbecause when you first came to this position, you said he would pass your\noffice, \"Good morning, good morning.\"\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, no. That was first when I came to work here.\n\nBRICKMAN: Right. Now, at this point, you've established a different relationship.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I would say that the best thing in my whole life is having Rabbi\nEpstein as a friend. I can remember when I first came here, he used to go\noutside on Tenth Street and play baseball with the kids. He was wonderful. He\nwas wonderful. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he had . . . you saw all of these things that went on and how\nhe handled different things, how he dealt with people. A lot of it . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you see his involvement in the community with everyone or you just\nsee what went on here at the synagogue?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I would really say more with just the synagogue, because at that\ntime I really was just being a mother and coming to work. I really wasn't aware\nof what was going on in the outside ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"world. I mean, in the Jewish community, I\nreally wasn't. I really was just involved here.\n\nBRICKMAN: It was a full time job.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, it was a [indistinct 00:39:39] between being a mother and . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Jerre, were you here on the weekends a lot? When there was a social\nfunction, who did that?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, absolutely. I did. When we had a party where we were catering or\ndoing it, I was here until the party was over with. My children didn't have a\nmother a lot of time. Mother's Day, I wasn't home. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very difficult. It was\nvery, very difficult.\n\nBRICKMAN: Could you assign any responsibilities to anyone?\n\nASHKENAZIE: There wasn't anybody who was here.\n\nBRICKMAN: Receptions, bar mitzvah, bat mitzvah, all of this, was that your deal?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I really did not come to shul on Saturday morning. [interview\npauses; then resumes]\n\nBRICKMAN: You mentioned to me that you knew Rabbi Epstein as a rabbi, as a\nknowledgeable person, as someone who could go out in the yard and play ball with\nthe kids. What else?\n\nASHKENAZIE: He was my friend. My father died very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"young, and many moments in my\nlife that [Rabbi Epstein] was there to support me. He always relied on me, which\nmade me feel more important. Whenever he had a problem, he called me. If he\ndidn't know how to get somewhere, he asked me the directions. I'd write them\ndown for him. He is so special and so unique, and he can stand up at any moment\nand speak on any subject. When Kennedy was shot, he got up and he spoke, and\nthis man did not write down a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"note. Sometimes on a piece of paper he'd have\nthree little words written, and someone would call up and say, \"I would like to\nhave the Rabbi's sermon.\" And Rabbi used to always say he spoke off the top of\nhis head. He was so wonderful. He could . . . he just knew how to handle every situation.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you have an unusual relationship with Mrs. Epstein as well?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, as of I think last year, I always called her Mrs. Epstein, and\nshe says to me, \"I think that you're old enough now that you can call me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reva.\"\nSo, I figured that when I was 70 years old, I could call her Reva. She always\nwas such . . . she was wonderful to me. Several times when I had problems with\nthe girls, I went over there to talk with her. She always made me feel so good\nabout what she had to say. She is such a regal lady. If this country could have\na queen, she certainly could run for the position. There's something about her.\nEven in a cotton house ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dress, she [is] just elegant. Elegant lady. Just so\nintelligent. So much, even now, so much to give. Even at the twilight time of\nher life, she seems totally aware of what's going on. Wonderful lady, wonderful\nlady. I will never forget once, it was their wedding anniversary, which is this\ntime of the year, January. Rabbi asked me to take the present home and then\nbring it by his house on a Sunday morning. He didn't want her to see it. When I\nwent to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"house and knocked on the door, Rabbi had on pajamas and a robe. And\nI really thought he slept in his suit because I never saw him when he wasn't in\na suit and tie. Although, when we came on this side of town, Rabbi on Thursday\nused to play golf.\n\nBRICKMAN: With whom, Jerre?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I know he played with Hyman Meltz. I don't know who else he played\nwith. The years have gone by, but even after he retired, he used to come and\nwalk around the parking ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lot every morning, always exercised. He can't do that\nnow, and I know that that's a terrible thing, but he always was so active. Rabbi\nEpstein never let you do anything for him, and it's not changed too much now. It\nreally bothers him if he has to ask for a favor. He never asked anybody to take\nanything to the post office. He would leave his office, get in the car, go to\nthe post office, put the stamp on, put it in the mailbox, and come back to the\noffice. If he felt . . . he was so methodical and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such a perfectionist that if\nthat letter had to be in the mail, he would never leave it on the counter. Went\nto the bank himself, did everything. He never, he's not the kind that would walk\nout and say, \"Would you get so-and-so on the telephone?\" Never. He was wonderful.\n\nBRICKMAN: Who worked with him closest?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yetta Mottsman is married now and lives in Savannah. She was his\nsecretary. Before Yetta, I think Mildred Rosenbaum was his secretary before she\nwas married. And then, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edith Waronker. It was not too long after Rabbi Epstein\nstopped coming into the building that Edith retired. Anyhow, she retired. Now if\nhe has . . . he doesn't do it anymore. But a couple, not this last year, but\nbefore that, people would ask him to write speeches, to be read at a certain thing.\n\nBRICKMAN: From him?\n\nASHKENAZIE: From him. So, he would write it. And then I would go to his house,\nand he would read it to me and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spell all the words that he thought . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: He couldn't spell.\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, that he wanted to be sure. Then I would put it in the computer\nand double space it and print it and send it to him. I'd take it over there and\nthen he would proof it. One day he called me up. He says he's got a terrible\nproblem. He says he'd been reading it for two days; he can't find any mistakes.\nThat's the way he was. He did everything himself. Confirmation parts. If it was\nconfirmation in May, the parts were ready in February. I mean, he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was always\nahead and always there and organized for whatever he did.\n\nBRICKMAN: This is your interview, but I have to object something personal. In\n1950, when I was confirmed, each student, and there were 100 of us in that\nclass, would come into Rabbi Epstein's office. He had printed out what we were\nto say with the proper emphasis underlined on the word with red pen, as to how\nyou should say this word more emphatically than the one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before and would review\nit with you. And that was very, very special.\n\nASHKENAZIE: He was just so methodical. I think that's why he and Irving got . .\n. Irving Galanti was like that. One time, I remember that we used to have\nkiddush. You sat down at the long tables. We didn't have stand up because we\ndidn't have that many people coming to the services. I mean, it was . . . [at]\nbar mitzvah, there were a lot, but on the Saturdays, there wasn't anything. It\nwas a little ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sparse sometimes. I was ordering tablecloths. They were out of\nwhite tablecloths. And so, he says, \"I have blue tablecloths.\" I said, \"Well,\nblue is better than having no tablecloth.\" Well, the phone rang that Friday\nnight, and Irving Galanti nearly killed me. How dare I order blue, and I didn't\ntell him, and when he went in there and there were blue tablecloths. That's when\nI learned--that was a long time ago--where the line was that you don't step\nover. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knew where that line was, and I never stepped over that line again. Ever.\n\nBRICKMAN: Irving Galanti left here as the executive director. Bob Kravitz took\nover. Bob Kravitz stayed here for a while. Do you remember how many years he was\nthe director?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I think he was here about five years.\n\nBRICKMAN: And then the position became yours. Were you ready for that?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I never thought I'd be offered the opportunity to do what everybody\nelse got paid for. That's being very honest.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: What sort of adjustment was it for you?\n\nASHKENAZIE: The biggest adjustment I had was my own opinion of myself, to come\nto terms with that I was in charge, and I didn't have to explain to anybody what\nI was doing. I had always had to ask somebody before I did something and now, I\ncould do what I felt was the right thing to do and move ahead and not sit around\nand wait, you know.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Did you have the cooperation of your coworkers who had been working\nwith you prior to that under different circumstances?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I think that the girls who were here, I never had any problem. They\ndid their work. The adjustment problem was more with me having to separate\nmyself, that it's not a good idea to go to lunch with the people that you're\nwith, that you're telling to do something. Putting myself on a different ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"level,\nlike if you were going to a dinner, you needed to sit at a different table than\nthe staff because you had to establish your position. It's very hard when you're\nhired and you come in and, \"Here I am, I'm the Hebrew School Director.\" That's\nyour position. I had to establish my own. It was more having to change myself\nthan having to change them.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you find that there was even more time dedicated to the synagogue\nor pretty much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"full time anyway?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, it was a whole . . . At that time, we had somebody running the\nbuilding. In the last three or four years, we have not had a person to run the\nbuilding as far as the maintenance and everything. I've done . . . the help\ncomes to me now and it's a savings, it's a headache. But I had someone, the\nBuilding and Grounds Committee, which really came to the fore. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're really a\nlot more active than any Building and Grounds Committee was.\n\nBRICKMAN: What year did you come in as executive director?\n\nASHKENAZIE: When Herb Karp was president, I can't remember. if you want to see .\n. .\n\nBRICKMAN: 1980s.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I think it's been 15 years, 14 or 15 maybe. There's never been . . .\nI never distinguished when I was here the first day or . . . the only thing I\nwon't do is windows.\n\nBRICKMAN: I understand. That's not part of your job description.\n\nASHKENAZIE: There is no job description.\n\nBRICKMAN: Well, that's another thing. Do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know what's going to happen the\nnext day or is it always a surprise?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I know what I think I'm going to do, but sometimes it's 3 o'clock\nand I haven't done the first thing that I came in to do. That's why I come on\nSunday, or I'll stay here at night to finish up what's on my desk.\n\nBRICKMAN: You were married to Sonny. When did you . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: Sonny died April 7, 1974.\n\nBRICKMAN: And then you met Saul.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I was single for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ten years. And then I met my sweet Saul. We were\nmarried for 12 years. We missed it by a few days, but 12 years.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you find . . . Well, the children were grown then. They were\nalready out of your house, really.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah. The children were gone.\n\nBRICKMAN: Jerre, have you seen the Jewish community change a lot? I mean, there\nused to be three or four synagogues and there are 20 some odd synagogues now.\n\nASHKENAZIE: There's so many. I think I see where before people joined your\nsynagogue, now they shop. It's very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strange because I went to a synagogue\nadministrators' meeting some years back and this young professor from one of the\nJewish colleges came and spoke and he talked about this. And you sort of\nwondered, he talked about that it's a sell now. You have to sell. That was so\ndifferent from what you'd always visualized the synagogue was. People came here\nnow because they want to belong here. Now, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"What do you offer my children? \"and\n\"What are my benefits?\" and \"What programs do you have that are for me?\" \"I'm\nsingle,\" or young marrieds. We didn't have any of those programs then.\n\nBRICKMAN: Where do the people come now when they're . . . Remember, you said to\nme they were lined up to join before. When someone wants to join, to whom do\nthey come?\n\nASHKENAZIE: They always came to me. I met with every new member. It became to a\npoint where I could not collect money and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meet with the new members and meet\nwith the bar mitzvahs and meet with the people that were having weddings beside\nrunning the building and doing all that. It really was . . . Steve Danzig was\nhelping us with the yard sale, the first yard sale we had, which was a year ago\nJune. He at that time was a fund raiser, but they . . . some contract that they\nhad given fell through or whatever. He was helping us, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voluntarily. I was\nimpressed; he had a very nice way about him and a nice way to talk to people and\nhe knew synagogue and he knew everything about anything Jewish. His father was a\nrabbi. He had the background. I asked Scott at that time if I could use him for\nthe month of, I think the holidays were in August or September, to help me\nbecause I just cannot walk those stairs 20 times every ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"day to show a seat or\ntake someone downstairs to the Hebrew . . . I really try and stay away from the\nstairs if I can. They let me hire him. Then I really appealed to them if we\ncould hire him full time to do collections and meet with the new members because\nwe had grown, so we're doing more advertising and we had other groups going, and\nthey did. So, he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meets with all the new members. Of course, if I'm in my office\nand not busy, he brings them by, I write them a personal letter so that they\nknow that I'm there for them. And he helps, he writes delinquent letters and\ndoes that. That's the one thing that I've taken off my desk. But outside of\nthat, I still do.\n\nBRICKMAN: Are you overseeing everything that goes on?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah. We have a staff meeting every Tuesday morning, the two rabbis,\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cantor, Billy Planer, myself, and sometimes if Cheryl Finkel is here, she\ncomes in. We go over the calendar. We go over the calendar to be sure that\neverybody's program is in there. And then we, as I said, Dave Benda has been\nwonderful, but the men still come to me, like we're doing the remodeling now and\nall of that. I've been meeting with all of those programs, which really has cut\ninto the time ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I have. Of course, when we get finished and we have our\nwonderful offices, and everyone will have a place of their own. It will be enclosed.\n\nBRICKMAN: Do you have the space in 1996 that answers your needs?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Our office is much too small.\n\nBRICKMAN: You're talking about the office from which you work and your personnel.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah, from where personnel work. My office is fine. But I do think\nthat when we finish the renovation that you're going to see a big improvement.\n\nBRICKMAN: What are you doing? What are you renovating?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: In the offices, we're going to drop the ceiling in the other, in the\nouter office so that . . . and put in new lighting. We have terrible lighting.\nEach person . . . we're going to swing the office door the other way and we're\ngoing to have stations. Everyone will have a station and they'll have enclosure,\nand they'll have a place. When you walk in, you're not going to see the filing\ncabinets covered with junk. We're putting in a new phone system, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there\nwill be voicemail if you can't . . . I would hope we would never have a system\nwhere the phone [is] answered by a machine. But if all of our lines were busy,\nthen it would pick up and we'll be able to have different things that will leave\nmessages if you want to know when services are, if you want to know when the\nmusic concert is. Things we can change on a regular basis. I think that's going\nto be a big improvement in cutting down time so that the people have more time\nto do their work.\n\nBRICKMAN: You've seen a tremendous amount of changes ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since you took that three\nday a week job.\n\nASHKENAZIE: And how.\n\nBRICKMAN: The synagogue has grown tremendously, as has the Atlanta Jewish . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: Absolutely.\n\nBRICKMAN: Rabbi Epstein retired in what year, Jerre? Maybe 15 years ago?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, at least.\n\nBRICKMAN: Almost 15 years ago.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Just about 15 years ago.\n\nBRICKMAN: And then Rabbi Arnold Goodman came in as the rabbi here. Rabbi Epstein\nwas emeritus. Now, you have a different relationship with Rabbi Goodman, Rabbi\nEpstein, two different people.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Totally different people, because Rabbi Goodman is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not somebody who\ngets ready ahead of time. He gets everything done, but he does it in a totally\ndifferent way. If something had to go a certain direction, that was the\ndirection it went. With Rabbi Goodman, if you can't do this, you'll do that. And\nthat's . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Are you working in a relationship as close with him as you did with\nRabbi Epstein? You were like his right-hand person.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Rabbi Goodman and I have a very good relationship, maybe even more .\n. . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less personal and more what's going on in the synagogue itself. I try to\nkeep him up to date on things that are happening, he does the same to me. We\ndiscuss different things. I have no problem going in and saying, \"You know,\nRabbi, I heard so-and-so is not happy that something didn't happen.\" He thanks\nme very much and . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Follows up.\n\nASHKENAZIE: . . . And he follows through and puts the problem to bed. I have a\nvery, very good [indistinct 00:57:00] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi Goodman. What needs to be done in\nthe synagogue and getting things done.\n\nBRICKMAN: It's professional.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Professional relationship.\n\nBRICKMAN: Were you working here . . . Our [indistinct 00:57:11] preceded Rabbi?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yes.\n\nBRICKMAN: Please tell me a little bit about him.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, you're talking about Cantor [indistinct 00:57:15] [interview\npauses, then resumes]\n\nBRICKMAN: When Cantor Schwartzman was working here, were you already employed here?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yes, I was here. Cantor was here. In fact, not too long after I came\nhere, maybe six months, he lost his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first wife. And then he . . . [interview\npauses; then resumes]\n\nBRICKMAN: As you were saying.\n\nASHKENAZIE: When I came here, Cantor Schwartzman was the cantor of the\ncongregation. He had his choir. And then when we came over here, the cantor\nbought a house around the corner, and he was here until he retired. After he\nretired, they hired Cantor Goodfriend, who is an absolute delight to work with.\nNot only ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was he a co-worker, but he was a friend. And I spend many delightful\nevenings eating Bidde's wonderful cooking. He still comes to the office now that\nhe's retired. He's around several times a week. So pleasant, such a congenial,\nhappy . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: How long was Cantor Goodfriend here, 25, 30 years?\n\nASHKENAZIE: No, I think he was here 30 years.\n\nBRICKMAN: Thirty years.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yeah. Maybe 35, because he's only been retired two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years now. Maybe\nsomewhere between 30 and 35. You asked me to remember dates, but the time goes\nby and . . . I can tell you what day I started though.\n\nBRICKMAN: Which was?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Which was, I told you, March 6, 1956.\n\nBRICKMAN: Impressive dates. Look what you've accomplished in all that time.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I do feel . . . when the services are over with for the holidays and\neveryone has been in their place and nothing happened, it's a very good feel. I\nfeel very good. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still, even though a lot of things have changed, modern\nthings, things that weren't there before. Computers . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Like what?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Like computers and lots of new programs that we have in the building\nand a lot of new people. It takes you a while until you get . . . old people,\nold friends are like old shoes, they're very comfortable and you have to sort of\nget adjusted to everybody. But I still look . . . when I get up, I'm ready to go\nto work. I love coming here. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"care more about this synagogue than . . . it has\nbeen my whole life. I'm going to be 71 in a couple of weeks, and I've been here\n41 of those 71 years. One of the things now that whenever we clean out, I always\ntry to put things aside because I said, \"You know, if I'm not here, no one will\nknow what those things meant.\" Like bricks from the old synagogue and all these\nold tapes that I found. I tried to put ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all that stuff, I've packed up boxes and\nmarked it archives, but really it won't mean anything to anybody. That's one\nthing that worries me, that people won't know what those things are.\n\nBRICKMAN: Jerre, did you keep a personal scrapbook of any of this? No? It's your\npersonal memories, and no one else will know? Photographs, documents . . .\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, I have some photographs, but I didn't put them in a book. They\ncan put that in the ground with me.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Forty years of progress and changes.\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, yeah. I mean, I've seen some things stay the same for all the\ntime. It's no different.\n\nBRICKMAN: Like what?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Well, I always used to laugh. We gave . . . the man who was the\nmashgiach who left. Mr. Borstein. We gave him $20 a month when I came here, and\nhe was supposed to supervise kashrut and the Bakery Manhattan ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that thing.\nAnd for the last, ever since the Atlanta Kashrut Committee started, he got that\n$20 every month irregardless, up until the day he left Atlanta. He didn't do\nChevra kadishas anymore, but he got $25 for every one they did. No one was going\nto take . . . they wouldn't have taken that money away from him.\n\nBRICKMAN: If you had to describe yourself over the years and at this present\ntime, if I didn't know you, how would you describe yourself? What kind of person\nare you? Who are you?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ASHKENAZIE: I care very much about the people who are members here, and maybe\nI'm too kind. But I can't change the way I feel when someone calls and says to\nme, \"I want to belong to shul, but I really can't afford it.\" And maybe there\nare other synagogues who you can't stay there if you can't pay, but I've never\nfelt . . . I felt we're big enough that we can overcome the dozen people maybe\nwho can't afford to pay. I think myself personally, I've changed a lot. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm a\nmuch softer person, which was Saul's influence on me the last 12 years. You\nknow, when you live in a man's world, we never had a woman officer until now,\nand Rae Alice [Cohen] for that one year, whatever it was. When you're dealing\nwith men and you're a woman, you have to be way ahead of them all of the time,\nand that's not easy. Saul used to say to me, \"You're not on the witness stand\nand you don't have to tell the truth all the time.\" You know, I mean, like you\nsometimes you might hurt ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody by saying something that's the truth, but they\ndidn't really need to hear it. I learned that from him. He used to always say to\nme, \"You don't have to have your guns drawn all the time.\" Because it's tough\nwhen you have 2,000 people who want to be satisfied. A long time ago, when I\nbecame the director, I made up my mind that the people I didn't like, I would go\nout of my way to treat them nicer than I treat anybody, and that's worked. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've\nhelped a lot of people through a lot of hard times. I don't go to the hospital\nand hold their hand, but when they need me, I'm there. I try to be tough on the\noutside so that . . . because they're crying, and I try to be very matter of\nfact to give them a chance to pull themselves together because when you've lost\nsomebody, or someone is very sick . . . I find that sometimes people would like\nto come to my office just to talk because they feel better ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when somebody else\nshares their troubles. I've tried to do that a lot. Now, I don't know that I\never did that before. That's something I see in myself now.\n\nBRICKMAN: What is the characteristic you have that you're most proud of?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I think being honest, I'll always tell you. Don't ask me unless you\nwant to hear the answer. And if I tell you, you look good today, I'm not just\nsaying it. There's a lot of people, even in our office, you'll come in and\nthey'll say, \"Oh, I'm so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"glad to see you. I haven't seen you in six months.\"\nThey walk out, \"God, I can't stand that person.\" That I cannot, I cannot do\nthat. I really try and when I talk to you, tell you the truth, \"I can't do it,\"\nor \"I can do it.\" Don't ask my opinion unless you really want to hear it,\nbecause I'm going to tell you maybe what you don't want to hear, but I'm going\nto tell you.\n\nBRICKMAN: In this job that you've held, you have to have strength. You have to\nthink ahead, be on your toes all the time. Do you have any weaknesses at all?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I have a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weakness of putting aside on my desk that I really feel is\nnot urgent, and then sometimes that's not good. My biggest weakness, I think, is\nbeing really nice to people that I really am not crazy about. Even in some of\nthe staff, I find that they really do things that are wrong and they're very\ncareless in what they do and it takes all I can do to just not to get angry and\ntry to explain to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them this really doesn't work.\n\nBRICKMAN: Will it work when you do that?\n\nASHKENAZIE: \"Well, if you try this and if you'd let me know ahead of time that\nyou're having 30 people at a--,\" you know what I mean? Because it's always the\nsame ones who do that. And I really think that that . . .\n\nBRICKMAN: Is it working?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Yes. They never know that I don't like them.\n\nBRICKMAN: Well, then that's patient. Endurance, and the whole thing. Now, tell\nme a little bit about your children. Where are they? Do you have grandchildren?\nDo you see them?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I have, in my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immediate I have a daughter, Eileen Yerlow, who's\nmarried to Richard, and they live here in Atlanta, and they have two children;\nEric, who is 26, and Melissa, who is 23. They're both working and independent.\nMy other daughter is Ellen Goldstein, who's married to Shel Goldstein, who lives\nin Charlotte, North Carolina. They have two children. They have Aaron, who's\ngoing to be 15, and Craig, who's going to be 12. Craig will be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bar mitzvahed\nnext year in April. I have one sister, that's it. Just she and I.\n\nBRICKMAN: Jerre, I know you mentioned to me earlier before we started taping\nfamily is important to you. Now that you spent so much time at work, at work, at\nwork, where do you see your tomorrows?\n\nASHKENAZIE: You want to know something, that's funny because I lay in bed at\nnight and I say to myself; what is the rest of my life going to be? I really\nhope, if they want me, that I would like to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work. I keep saying for at least\nthree years. Three years, and then I might be willing to not be the director,\nbut maybe do something that would be helpful to the synagogue and give me the\nopportunity to stay active. I've always wanted to be a nurse my whole life, and\nmy mother couldn't stand the sight of blood, so I couldn't be a nurse. When and\nif I will do something volunteer, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will do it. I don't have the best feet and\nknees anymore from all the years that we did catering here, but I would like to\ndo something. I would like to do something that. I feel I could do very well. I\ncould go and deal with elderly people. But then I'll be the elderly people.\n\nBRICKMAN: You won't tell them. You just won't tell them.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I will do something. I don't know. But I really, I always thought I\nwanted to retire, but I really feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm . . . I always say this, I say, \"I hope\nthat I will know when it's time to go home and that no one will have to say it's\ntime to go home.\" That I will know, my own body will tell me. If God gives me\ngood health, I know that now it's time. Now it's time to sit back. But thank God\nI'm here full time and I'm here nights for meetings. When I'm needed. I don't\njust come to meaningless meetings. We're paying a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"development director and he\nshould go to the meetings where they're talking about raising money and so\nforth. Not that I don't. I probably do more out of my office than the whole\ncommittee will do because I meet one on one with people who want to do things\nfor certain people or buy something. I still meet with them.\n\nBRICKMAN: Where do you see the synagogue going, Ahavath Achim, as it's executive\ndirector, whether you're it's top employee here or not, what do you see as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its future?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I always say that the people who move out in the country, as I call\nMarietta [Georgia] and Roswell [Georgia], when they come back into the city at a\ncertain point, they move closer in. They move maybe closer in the perimeter,\noutside the perimeter. I think that the synagogue will always be here. I see the\nsynagogue maybe might not be 2,100 families. It might be 1,800 families. But I\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't know that the synagogue is going to go to Alpharetta [Georgia]. I don't\nthink that at this point anybody knows that. But I think that we have too much\nto offer any Jewish person, especially with children. I mean, we have . . . our\nprograms don't diminish. They grow. As long as we have that age group of people\nthat have children, there will always be. One thing we have here that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really\nnone of the other synagogues have, we have all ages. I hear so many people . . .\nwe have some associate members, and they say one woman joined here because she\nsaid she had joined one of the other synagogues about seven, eight years ago,\nand she said all the people were the same age and she didn't see any older\npeople, like on the holidays, davening. She missed that. She missed seeing the\nolder people in shul. She joined here so she could ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come whenever she wanted to,\nbut she really missed that element.\n\nBRICKMAN: Did you see the synagogue change in its direction over the last 40?\n\nASHKENAZIE: Oh, absolutely. I think that Rabbi Goodman has really brought in so\nmany programs that the Saturday morning program synagogue goers has greatly . .\n. I mean, if you had a bar mitzvah and had 450 people, my goodness, that was . .\n. we have 450 people when there's no bar mitzvah. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People, I think, come to\nsynagogue more, or at least the generation that of . . . the members come here.\nWhether they come because they bring their children on Saturday morning, whether\nthey come because they are . . . Rabbi Goodman's sermons are very well-written\nand people like that. All of these things. We've tried to do things that\nencourage people to come. I think that's a whole change for us. We even\nencourage people now by letting people know we're here. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never did that.\nNever, ever, never did. Some years back for a fundraiser, when we auctioned off\nthat Cadillac, we had people up in arms that Ahavath Achim didn't do those\nthings. We're doing things now we never did before.\n\nBRICKMAN: Years ago, when the synagogue was on Washington Street and everyone\nlived pretty much in the same area, bubbe [Yiddish; grandmother] and zayde\nbelonged, and mama and daddy and the children. Do you find that the families are\nfollowing in their membership ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or are the younger people splitting off to other places?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I don't see a lot of it, but you do see some of it. We have children\nthat belong here, maybe belong somewhere else. They belong here because their\nfamily is here, their grandfather, whatever. We do see some of that. I see some\nof that. I've even seen some where the parents go to where the children are.\nPeople that were members here, who had seats, who decided that they want to go\nwhere their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children go because their children are not coming. It's really a mix\nof, you see a mix of that. You see some older people . . . when I say some,\nmaybe I'm talking about six people altogether. And then I see children now that\nmaybe went somewhere else and their kids were bar mitzvahed and now they're\ncoming back. It's always that, but it's more than it used to be because before\nyou were here and that was it. And Atlanta is so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spread out and people live so\nfar, different directions, all different directions.\n\nBRICKMAN: If you had to choose your biggest accomplishment as far as your\nprofessional life, what would you think that would be? What have you done that\nyou want people to remember you by? In your job, not in your family. In your job.\n\nASHKENAZIE: In my job, the biggest thing that you could say is someone . . . and\nmany people have said to me, \"If you give it to Jerre, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she knows what to do and\nshe gets it done.\" And to me, that's the whole thing. When they stop saying\nthat, then I'll go home.\n\nBRICKMAN: And what do you want your children to remember about me? You're a mom,\nyou're a grandma. What's the special memory you want them . . . ?\n\nASHKENAZIE: I tell you, when they honored me at the bond dinner and my children\ngot up and talked about me, I was so shocked to hear from them that they knew\nthat I had worked very hard to give them what they needed and that I had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sacrificed when their father was ill and that life had not been easy, it had\nbeen very hard. They recognized that and they knew what I had put in. And now\nwhen they say to me, \"Mother, now you can go, go do this and go do that,\" I\nthink knowing that they know what I did to get them where they are, I think\nthat's all you need. Because I know they love me, I don't have to ask them that.\nBut that then they can rely on me. They know I'm there for them.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BRICKMAN: Well, a lot of people have relied on you for a long time for a lot of\nreasons, and you've made a tremendous amount of progress and you have to have\nbeen proud of your accomplishments.\n\nASHKENAZIE: I do. I said you when they say to me, \"Leave it to Jerre, she'll get\nit done.\" That to me is the biggest thing you could say is knowing that you did\nthat. That's why I say when I sit Rosh Hashanah and everything is running and\nthe sound and the this and the video, I feel real good. I really do. I feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/transcript/40684/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like\nI did that. Saul used to always say, \"Oh, Mashallah, Mashallah, look what you\ndid, and in everything.\" That's the whole thing. That's why you get up every morning.\n\nBRICKMAN: I feel real good about having had the opportunity to interview you.\nThis was fun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4470.0,4500.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShirley Berkowitz Brickman (1935-) is a native of Atlanta, Georgia. Along with her husband, Dr. Perry Brickman, she is a long-time volunteer with Jewish organizations in the community, including as a docent at the William Breman Jewish Heritage \u0026amp; Holocaust Museum and a founder of the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta's newcomer program, Shalom Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Jewish Committee (AJC) was founded in 1906 to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews worldwide. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. It is an affiliate of the Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women is an organization of volunteers and advocates who turn progressive ideals into advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children, and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKashrut \u003c/em\u003eis a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term \u003cem\u003ekashér\u003c/em\u003e, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). In colloquial English, kosher often means \"legitimate,\" \"acceptable,\" \"permissible,\" \"genuine,\" or \"authentic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur,\u003c/em\u003e the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting \u003cem\u003eyizkor\u003c/em\u003e for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the \u003cem\u003eshofar\u003c/em\u003e (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Liederkrantz hall is a historic building in Grand Island, Nebraska. It was built in 1911-1912 for the local Liederkrantz, or German-language choir, founded in 1870. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDeMolay International is an international fraternal organization for young men ages 12 to 21. It was founded in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1919 and named for Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar. DeMolay is open for membership to young men who acknowledge a higher spiritual power.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeder \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold seder on both the first two nights of Passover. The seder incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHanukkah \u003c/em\u003eor \u003cem\u003eChanukah \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: dedication] is an eight-day festival of lights usually falling around Christmas on the Christian calendar. \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e celebrates the victory of the Maccabees in 165 BCE over the Seleucid rulers of Palestine, who had desecrated the Temple. The Maccabees wanted to re-dedicate the Temple altar to Jewish worship by rekindling the \u003cem\u003emenorah\u003c/em\u003e (ritual candelabra) but could only find one small jar of ritually pure olive oil. This oil continued to burn miraculously for eight days, enabling them to prepare new oil. The \u003cem\u003eHanukkah\u003c/em\u003e menorah, or hanukiah, with its nine branches, is used to commemorate this miracle by lighting eight candles, one for each day, with the ninth candle.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePesach\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, \u003cem\u003ematzo,\u003c/em\u003e is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the \u003cem\u003eseder,\u003c/em\u003e the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Order of the Eastern Star is a Masonic appendant body open to both men and women. It was established in 1850. The order is based on some teachings of the Bible, and is open to people of all religious beliefs. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFlash Gordon is a 1936 science fiction serial. Presented in 13 chapters, it is the first screen adventure for Flash Gordon, the comic-strip character created by Alex Raymond in 1934. In 1996, Flash Gordon was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.”  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFranklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-twentieth century, leading the United States through a time of worldwide economic crisis and war. Popularly known as “FDR,” he collapsed and died in his home in Warm Springs, Georgia just a few months before the end of World War II. He was a Democrat. FDR was an avid horseback rider and enjoyed an active early life. He was diagnosed with infantile paralysis, better known as polio, in 1921, at the age of 39. Despite permanent paralysis from the waist down, he was careful never to be seen using his wheelchair in public, and great care was taken to prevent any portrayal in the press that would highlight his disability.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoulevard is a street in and, as a corridor, a subdistrict, of the Old Fourth Ward neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia. The street runs east of, and parallel to, Atlanta’s Downtown Connector. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fox Theatre is located on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta. The theater was originally planned as part of a large Shrine Temple as evidenced by its Moorish design. The theater was ultimately developed as a lavish movie palace, opening in 1929. The auditorium replicates an Arabian courtyard under a night sky of flickering stars and drifting clouds. The Fox Theatre now hosts cultural and artistic events, and concerts by popular artists.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel M. Inman Middle School began as an elementary school in 1924, named for Samuel Martin Inman (1843-1915), an Atlanta civic leader who was passionate about education and philanthropy. The school has been enlarged many times over the years, and in 1978, Inman was converted into a middle school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The congregation first met in a rented grocery store on Parkway Drive. It moved to a permanent location on Boulevard when it purchased and renovated a two-story apartment building. In 1956, it converted the Tabernacle Baptist Church on Boulevard to a synagogue. It built its current synagogue building on a five-acre lot on LaVista Road in 1961. Rabbi Joseph Safra was the congregation’s first permanent rabbi in 1951, followed by Rabbi Emanuel Feldman from 1952 to 1991. Rabbi Ilan Feldman has been the congregation’s Senior Rabbi since his father Emanuel’s retirement in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Congregation Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002. As of 2022, the current Senior Rabbi of the congregation is Ari Kaiman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Epstein, the formerly Orthodox congregation began to shift to Conservative Judaism, and officially joined the United Synagogue of America (now the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism), in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eInterviewee might be referring to Rabbi Solomon Klonitsky-Kline. Rabbi Solomon Klonitsky-Kline ( -1958) was also known as “Sar HaDikduki” (Hebrew: the Prince of Grammarians). He wrote Ozar Taamei Hazal, a thesaurus of talmudical Interpretation and a dictionary of synonyms and homonyms. He was a disciple of Rabbi Yitzchak Elchanan Spektor in Lithuania. Klonitsky-Kline came first to Atlanta, where his daughter married into the Alexander family of Georgia, then moved to New York where he was associated with the Forward. His grandson was singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYahrzeit [Yiddish: anniversary] is the Jewish tradition of honoring those who have passed away on the anniversary of their death. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA shammash, also spelled shamash or shammas (Hebrew: “servant”), or gabbai, is a salaried sexton in a Jewish synagogue whose duties now generally include secretarial work and assistance to the cantor, or chazzan, who directs the public service.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation is a coming-of-age ritual that originated in the Reform movement, which scorned the idea that at 13 years of age a child was an adult. They replaced \u003cem\u003ebar\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e with a confirmation ceremony at about age 16 to 18. In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue and child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph “Joe” Cuba (1909-1993), a native of Atlanta, Georgia, was a Certified Public Accountant and an Attorney-at-Law. In 1932, he assumed the presidency of the Southern Young Judaea Society, and after that time he actively participated in the leadership of Ahavath Achim Congregation, the Jewish Progressive Club, the Gate City Lodge of B’nai B’rith, the Southeastern Region United Synagogue of America, the Jewish Theological Seminary, the Atlanta Bureau of Jewish Education, the Jewish Home, the Standard Club, the Atlanta Jewish Federation, Jewish War Veterans, and the Georgia State University Alumni Association. During World War II, he enlisted in the Army Air Force. Joe Cuba founded the Max M. Cuba \u0026amp; Company (an accounting firm) with his brother, Max Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. This interview of Perry Brickman is one of those transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePetty Bregman (1926-2004) was an Atlanta native who was active in a number of Jewish organizations, including past President of Congregation Beth Jacob and active in B’nai B’rith. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003emikveh \u003c/em\u003eor \u003cem\u003emikvah\u003c/em\u003e is a pool of water, gathered from rain or from a spring, which is used for ritual purification and ablutions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarvin C. Goldstein (1917-1997) was an Atlanta native and orthodontist. He also served as president of Ahavath Achim Synagogue, Atlanta Jewish Federation, ORT Atlanta men’s chapter and vice president of the American Jewish Committee. He also served as a vice-chairman of the board of trustees for the Martin Luther King Center for Non-violent Social Change.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYontif refers to a Jewish holiday, especially one on which work is prohibited, and is a term most commonly used among Orthodox Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Sinai was founded as a Reform congregation in 1968 and met in a variety of locations before establishing a synagogue on Dupree Drive in Sandy Springs, north of Atlanta. Rabbi Richard Lehrman was chosen as the congregation's founding rabbi. The current rabbi is Rabbi Ron Segal (2021).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGerald Hershel Cohen (1918-2009) was an Atlanta businessman who was born in Pocomoke City, Maryland. He was president of Central Metals Co., a family business in Atlanta founded by his father Morris Cohen and his uncle Joe Rodbell in 1912. He served terms as president of the Ahavath Achim Synagogue, the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta, and the B'nai B'rith Youth Organization Adult Committee. He was a founding member of the Harry H. Epstein School and The Doris and Alex Weber School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA b\u003cem\u003ea\u003c/em\u003er \u003cem\u003emitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: \u003cem\u003eb’nai mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on \u003cem\u003etefillin,\u003c/em\u003e and may be counted to the \u003cem\u003eminyan\u003c/em\u003e quorum for public worship. He celebrates the\u003cem\u003e bar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e by being called up to the reading of the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “daughter of commandments.” A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e around age 13, the same as boys who have their \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e at that age. The \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963), often referred to by his initials \"JFK,\" was an American politician who served as the 35th president of the United States from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War, and the majority of his work as president concerned relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba. A Democrat, Kennedy represented Massachusetts in both houses of the U.S. Congress prior to becoming president.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReva (Rebecca) Chashesman Epstein (1905-2001) was the well-educated daughter of an Orthodox rabbi. Her family immigrated to Chicago, Illinois from Poland after World War I. In 1929, she married Rabbi Harry Epstein. Reva served as an Atlanta Hadassah chapter president.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Rubin Karp (1922-2016), a native of Atlanta, was a prominent neurologist and chair of Emory University's Department of Neurology. In 1983, Dr. Karp became the inaugural medical director at the Wesley Woods Center, the nation's first geriatric hospital. He was president of the Ahavath Achim Synagogue where, for over three decades, he sounded the shofar during the High Holy Days services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Arnold M. Goodman served as senior rabbi of Ahavath Achim in Atlanta, Georgia from 1982 to 2002. He came to Atlanta from Minnesota where he had served as rabbi of Adath Jeshurun in Minnetonka since 1966. He currently serves as its senior rabbinic scholar. Upon his retirement, the synagogue honored them by designating its adult education program as Beit Aharon: The Rabbi Arnold and Rae Goodman Learning Institute for Adult Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCantor Joseph Schwartzman (1902-1969) joined the clergy at Ahavath Achim in Atlanta in 1940 where he served until his retirement in 1966. Cantor Schwartman’s career began at the age of eight when he sang as soloist in the male synagogue choir of Bender, Bessarabia, Russia. By the age of 17 he was officiating High Holy Day services. He began his American career in Hartford Connecticut, but later worked at synagogues in New York in Brooklyn and the Bronx, and in Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. He came to the attention of Hyman Jacobs of Atlanta in 1940 at a Zionist Organization of America convention in Pittsburgh. He was eventually engaged to come to the Ahavath Achim.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCantor Isaac Goodfriend (1924-2009) served at Ahavath Achim in Atlanta from 1966 until his retirement in 1995 as Cantor Emeritus. Cantor Goodfriend was born into a Hassidic family in Poland. At the age of 16, he was interned in a German labor camp in Piotrkow, Poland. Escaping in 1944, he was hidden by a Polish farmer and was the only member of his family to survive the war. After the war, he attended the Berlin Conservatory of Music, McGill Conservatory of Music in Montreal, Conservatoire Provincial de Quebec, and later in Ohio at the Music School Settlement and Baldwin Wallace College. Before coming to Atlanta he served as cantor at Shaare Zion in Montreal, Canada in 1952, and later at Cleveland, Ohio’s Community Temple.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e(Hebrew: “supervisor”) A Jewish person who supervises the kashrut status of a food service business or establishment.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReverend Paul Borstein (1910-2003) was a major participant in Atlanta Jewish orthodox life. In 1991 he was mashgiach and shammash at Ahavath Achim. Originally from Poland/Lithuania, he came to New York in 1921 and arrived in Atlanta in 1932, where he married. Reverend Borstein was also a shochet, mohel, and mashgiach - the final capacity in which he supervised the installation of kosher kitchens in several major Atlanta hotels. He also participated in the Hevra Kaddisha.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Kashruth Commission is an Orthodox community-based non-profit kosher supervisor agency founded in the 1970s by Rabbi Emanuel Feldman. The Atlanta Kashruth Commission certifies over 150 companies including manufacturing facilities, bakeries, supermarkets, restaurants, hotels, and careers throughout the county. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn organization of Jewish men and women who see to it that the bodies of Jews are prepared for burial according to Jewish tradition. The task is considered a laudable one as the recipient cannot return the gift. It is referred to as a “good deed of truth.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRae Alice Bernstein Cohen (1918-1997) moved to Atlanta when she married Bernard W. Cohen in 1941. She served as president of the southern branch of the Women’s League for Conservative Judaism and its national vice-president. She started a Jewish Girl Scout troop at Congregation Ahavath Achim, where she also served as the first woman officer after the congregation became egalitarian. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/annotation_set/920/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavening is the act of reciting Jewish liturgical prayers during which the prayer sways or rocks lightly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4170.0,4200.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Geraldine Ashkenazie [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family History; Growing Up in the Midwest","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=15.0,891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jerre, if you'll step back in time with me and give me a little bit of a background about your home life, let's start with the town that you were born in. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=15.0,891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Central Cafe (Grand Island, Nebraska)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Grand Island, Nebraska","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Great Depression","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hanukkah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"High Holy Days","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kosher","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Minneapolis, Minnesota","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polish Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosh HaShannah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sioux City, Iowa","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sobol, Edward","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sobol, Minnie Marker","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Timber Lake, South Dakota","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yom Kippur","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=15.0,891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meeting Her First Husband, Moving to Atlanta; Going to Work as a Bookkeeper ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=891.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sonny was in the service, and we were at the . . . they had a . . . this was now in Sioux City and there was an Air Force base there. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=891.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fox Theater","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Friedman, Isadore","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Klein, Mary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Smolen, Slliott","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Southern Garment Company","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=891.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Working for Ahavath Achim and Raising Her Family ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1413.0,1817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did anything change Jewishly in your family then? Were you belonging to a synagogue at that point? ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1413.0,1817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Sisterhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Congregation Beth Jacob","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Congregation Shearith Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Epstein, Harry Human (1903-2003)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Galanti, Irving","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mottsman, Yetta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1413.0,1817.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moving Ahavath Achim from Washington Street ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1817.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We came to this building in 1958. I think that summer we had the closing. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1817.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bregman family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bregman, Petty","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cuba, Joseph (1909-1993)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Galanti, Irving","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Goldstein, Marvin C. (1917-1997)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kravitz, Robert","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meltz, Hyman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=1817.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Relationship with Her Co-Workers at Ahavath Achim ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2122.0,2312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you have a working relationship at that time with a lot of the office? You said Mary Dwoskin, and I'm thinking of all the past presidents and things. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2122.0,2312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cohen, Gerald H. (1918-2009)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dwoskin, Mary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Freedberg, Sylvia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Galanti, Irving","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kravitz, Robert","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Walker, Edith","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2122.0,2312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Friendship with Rabbi Epstein ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2312.0,2813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now I want to ask you about your relationship with Rabbi Epstein, because when you first came to this position, you said he would pass your office, \"Good morning, good morning.\"  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2312.0,2813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Epstein, Harry Hyman (1903-2003)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Epstein, Rebecca (Reva) Chashesman (1905-1001)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meltz, Hyman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mottsman, Yetta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosenbaum, Mildred","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waronker, Edith","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2312.0,2813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Becoming Executive Director of Ahavath Achim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2813.0,3346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never thought I'd be offered the opportunity to do what everybody else got paid for. That's being very honest.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2813.0,3346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Danzig, Steve","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finkel, Cheryl","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=2813.0,3346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Relationship with Rabbi Goodman; Cantors Schwartzman and Goodfriend ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3346.0,3682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then Rabbi Arnold Goodman  came in as the rabbi here. Rabbi Epstein was emeritus. Now, you have a different relationship with Rabbi Goodman, Rabbi Epstein, two different people. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3346.0,3682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Goodfriend, Isaac (1924-2009)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Goodman, Arnold M.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Schwartzman, Joseph (1902-1969)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3346.0,3682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How She Would Describe Herself ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3682.0,3923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you had to describe yourself over the years and at this present time, if I didn't know you, how would you describe yourself? What kind of person are you? Who are you? ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3682.0,3923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cohen, Rae Alice Bernstein (1918-1997)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3682.0,3923.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her Family, Her Daughters and The Families; Her Plans for Retirement ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3923.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, tell me a little bit about your children. Where are they? Do you have grandchildren? Do you see them? ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3923.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Goldstein, Ellen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yerlow, Eileen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=3923.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Future of Ahavath Achim; The Changing Landscape of Synagogue Membership in Atlanta ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4100.0,4486.488"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where do you see the synagogue going, Ahavath Achim, as it's executive director, whether you're it's top employee here or not, what do you see as its future? ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4100.0,4486.488"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893/index/51923/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ahavath Achim Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/82587/file/170893#t=4100.0,4486.488"}]}]}]}