{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/j96057dd2x/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Meyerhoff, Eric"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1997-07-01 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Ida Pearle and Joseph Cuba Archives for Southern Jewish History","William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff interviewed by Harriet Meyerhoff in July, 1997 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff was born March 20, 1929 in Arolsen, Germany. His father owned a dry goods store in Mengeringhausen, Germany. In 1937, Meyerhoff’s family (his father, mother, sister, and himself) emigrated to Jacksonville, Florida to escape the Nazi regime in Germany. He studied at the University of Florida and worked as an architect in Savannah, Georgia with his business partner, Robert Gunn. During the Korean War he served as a translator with the United States Army in Germany. Eric married Harriet Cranman Meyerhoff and together they raised two children, Mark and Margot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGunn and Meyerhoff became known for their work on the revitalization of the Riverfront in Savannah in the 1970s. They were involved with the restoration of many historic buildings, including the Massie Heritage Museum, the Juliette Gordon Low House, the Oliver Sturgess House, the Savannah Visitors Center, and the First and Second African Baptist Churches. The firm also designed the the Fahm Street Post Office building, restored Fort Jackson, and redesigned the Jewish Educational Alliance building. Eric Meyerhoff passed away on May 19, 2020, at the age of 91.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff recalls his early childhood in Germany during the rise of the Nazi Party, the country’s growing antisemitism, and his family’s emigration to Jacksonville, Florida at the outbreak of the Second World War. He describes growing up as a Jewish German immigrant in Florida during the War, the attempts of other family members to escape from Germany via emigration, Kindertransport, and the M.S. St. Louis, as well as family that both survived and died in concentration camps. Meyerhoff talks about living and working in downtown Savannah in the 1950s and 1960s. He describes the geography of downtown and Jewish life in Savannah at the time. Eric recalls activities at the JEA, B’nai B’rith, Hadassah, and Congregation B’nai B’rith Jacob, as well as his experiences challenging anti-Semitism in Savannah. He also recounts the birth of the urban renewal projects in Savannah and his firm’s involvement with the renovation and restoration of historic buildings downtown.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28024"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Savannah, Ga. (geographic term)","Kassel, Germany (geographic term)","World War II (named event)","Gunn Meyerhoff Shay Architects (corporate name)","Jewish Businessmen (topical term)","S.S. St. Louis (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff interviewed by Harriet Meyerhoff in July, 1997 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff was born March 20, 1929 in Arolsen, Germany. His father owned a dry goods store in Mengeringhausen, Germany. In 1937, Meyerhoff\u0026rsquo;s family (his father, mother, sister, and himself) emigrated to Jacksonville, Florida to escape the Nazi regime in Germany. He studied at the University of Florida and worked as an architect in Savannah, Georgia with his business partner, Robert Gunn. During the Korean War he served as a translator with the United States Army in Germany. Eric married Harriet Cranman Meyerhoff and together they raised two children, Mark and Margot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGunn and Meyerhoff became known for their work on the revitalization of the Riverfront in Savannah in the 1970s. They were involved with the restoration of many historic buildings, including the Massie Heritage Museum, the Juliette Gordon Low House, the Oliver Sturgess House, the Savannah Visitors Center, and the First and Second African Baptist Churches. The firm also designed the the Fahm Street Post Office building, restored Fort Jackson, and redesigned the Jewish Educational Alliance building. Eric Meyerhoff passed away on May 19, 2020, at the age of 91.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEric Meyerhoff recalls his early childhood in Germany during the rise of the Nazi Party, the country\u0026rsquo;s growing antisemitism, and his family\u0026rsquo;s emigration to Jacksonville, Florida at the outbreak of the Second World War. He describes growing up as a Jewish German immigrant in Florida during the War, the attempts of other family members to escape from Germany via emigration, Kindertransport, and the M.S. St. Louis, as well as family that both survived and died in concentration camps. Meyerhoff talks about living and working in downtown Savannah in the 1950s and 1960s. He describes the geography of downtown and Jewish life in Savannah at the time. Eric recalls activities at the JEA, B\u0026rsquo;nai B\u0026rsquo;rith, Hadassah, and Congregation B\u0026rsquo;nai B\u0026rsquo;rith Jacob, as well as his experiences challenging anti-Semitism in Savannah. He also recounts the birth of the urban renewal projects in Savannah and his firm\u0026rsquo;s involvement with the renovation and restoration of historic buildings downtown.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/097/747/small/Meyerhoff__Eric.jpg?1619290096","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Meyerhoff_Eric.mp3"]},"duration":3660.01633,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/097/747/small/Meyerhoff__Eric.jpg?1619290096","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/097/747/original/Meyerhoff_Eric.mp3?1612352736","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":3660.01633,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Eric Meyerhoff [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"H. MEYERHOFF: I am interviewing Eric Meyerhoff, my husband. While Eric is not a\nnative Savannahian, the purpose of this is to find out what life was like for a\nJewish family living in Germany prior to World War II and how one family made\nthe decision to leave prior to the War.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"H. MEYERHOFF: All right, let's begin with Eric. First of all, you married a\nSavannah girl, and I am a Savannah girl. My maiden name is Cranman. [I am] Ed\nand Zelda Cranman's daughter, and we have two children. I'll let you tell them.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: We have two children, Mark and Margot. Margot ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is now 22? Mark is 19.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Let's start at the very beginning, going back to your life in\nGermany. First of all, tell me the town [where] you were born.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: I was born in the small town of Arolsen in Germany.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Spell that.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: A-R-O-L-S-E-N. Arolsen, Germany, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the War, was in the British\nZone because Germany was divided into three occupational zones. It became the\nheadquarters of the German archives of the records of all the people that were\nin concentration camps. If it has a familiar ring to those people that have done\nresearch on the Holocaust, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name Arolsen would be familiar. In any case, I\nwas born in 1929 in the town of Arolsen. My father was a merchant. He had a dry\ngoods store in Arolsen and my mother came from a family of about nine. Her\nmaiden name was Katz and they were in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"horse-trading business, [the] horse\nselling and trading business. Which, at that time, if you can imagine in the\n1920's, was still a big business in Germany. Sort of like a car dealership would\nbe in the United States today. We moved from Arolsen into an adjacent town\ncalled Mengeringhausen, but it was within walking distance of Arolsen, so we\nwere never really apart from our relatives ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and my grandmother lived in Arolsen.\nMy Dad had a store in Mengeringhausen. In Mengeringhausen there were only three\nJewish families. We were one of the three. We lived in a rented house and Dad,\nas I say, had the store. I started Kindergarten in 1934 and then went into the\nfirst grade ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1935 and in 1934 and 1935, I still had my buddies in school, my\nfriends. During that time, from the time that Hitler took over the government as\nChancellor of Germany, virtually each month, new edicts were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proclaimed as to\nwhat Jews could and couldn't do. Initially, they weren't allowed into\nuniversities and they weren't allowed to hold public office. Then they weren't\nallowed to work for the government and just about each year from 1934 on, being\na Jew in Germany became more and more difficult. From my own personal\nexperience, there was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tremendous transition from kindergarten, first grade,\n1934-1935, and then going into the second grade in 1936. When I went into the\nsecond grade, I couldn't sit with my classmates anymore. I had to sit in the\nback of the room. They were not allowed to talk to me. They could, however, kick\nme, spit on me during recess or anything like that. Some ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did, some didn't. We\nwere isolated. I guess there were four Jewish kids in the entire school because\nmy sister and I were from one family and, I believe, another family had two\nkids. I felt this in, like I say, 1936. Near the end of 1936, by that time my\nfather had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fully had enough of being in Germany. Fortunately, he had an older\nbrother that lived in the United States [in] Fort Pierce, Florida, whom he had\nwritten in 1935 so that we would have a place to emigrate to. Quotas were\nenforced in the United States so that only so many thousand people could be\ntaken into this country from each country and no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exceptions being made for Jews\nin flight [from] Germany. Of course, you had to have emigration numbers to leave\nGermany. When your number came up in Germany, if you didn't have a place to go\nin some other country, then, obviously, you couldn't leave. Because of my\nfather's foresight, we had the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emigration numbers over in this country coincide\nwith the emigration numbers out of Germany. That took place in May of 1937.\nInterestingly enough, most of my family, the rest of my relatives, all told my\nfather he was, shouldn't leave. Everything was going to be better. My father was\na veteran of the First World War in the German Army. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a wireless operator\nin an observation plane and we were German citizens, but he felt the pressure of\npeople telling him not to come around to the farmhouses during the day--to come\nat night, to come in the back, because they didn't want to be seen dealing with\na Jew. Although they considered my Dad a friend, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they didn't want to lose that\nfriendship, but they were afraid for their own safety. My Dad didn't comprehend\nthat. He said, \"If you're my friend, then you will do business with me in the\ndaylight at your front door, otherwise I'm not coming.\" Realizing all of that,\nhe made arrangements with his brother, Fred, in Fort Pierce, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we were\nfortunate that we immigrated [in] May 1937. At that time the German ports were\nalready closed. We had to take a train to France. I remember, I was a young boy\nthen, by that time I was eight years old and we went to Paris, from there to Le\nHarve, and we took a Cunard, Inc. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"British liner ship over the Britannic and\nseven days later we landed in New York City. An organization known as HIAS took\nus under their wing for--I think we were there for a day or two days, I don't\nrecall exactly. Then they put us on a bus, which was a two-day ride from New\nYork City to Jacksonville, Florida. In Jacksonville, Florida, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my Uncle Fred\ngreeted us and then drove us down to Fort Pierce. That was in May. It was\nalready warm in Fort Pierce, Florida. My uncle lived on a chicken farm, six\nmiles [outside of] downtown Fort Pierce and that was our introduction to the\nUnited States. My Dad was a very religious man and he realized that in Fort\nPierce, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there were already very few Jewish families, no synagogue, that he\nwanted to move to a larger city because he wanted his children to be brought up\nin a synagogue and that type of an education. In 1938, we moved to Jacksonville,\nFlorida. It took a while for the Jewish community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Jacksonville to accept\nGerman immigrant refugees, because, really, at that time, many people in this\ncountry had no realization of what was going on and they should sponsor people\nwho had been, at a place of immigration, and that they should, in fact, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"take\ncare of the immigrants that came over. Kristallnacht, in 1939, changed all that,\nobviously. Then there was a much greater acceptance and much greater awareness\non the part of Jewish communities in the United States as to what really was\ngoing on. In Jacksonville, my immediate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family--my father, mother, sister, and\nmyself--then took in boarders, because Mother kept kosher, of the German and\nAustrian immigrants, as they came over into Jacksonville. Nearly every one of\nthe immigrant families in Jacksonville where they came, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not only ate at our\nhouse, some boarded at our house. The Jewish community in Jacksonville helped us\nrent a very large house, it had maybe four or five bedrooms, and some of the\nfirst and the earlier immigrants stayed in those bedrooms as boarders. That was\none of the manners of livelihood ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my mother, who was a cook, but certainly not in\nthe catering business, started with this fixing of meals for boarders. My Dad\nworked in several jobs, grocery store type things, and we were able to have the\nimmigration of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of my cousins, a girl aged 16, and one of my male cousins,\nErnest Reece, whose family had immigrated to Holland, because they lived right\non the German-Dutch border. We got him to come over. His parents later went,\nwhen the Germans occupied Holland, they both were sent to a concentration ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp.\nHe to Dachau, she to Terasianstadt. She survived, he did not. As late as 1940,\nwe had managed to get one of my mother's brothers to come over here and live\nwith us. Manuel Katz came over and immigrated. We were able to sponsor\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three--two of my cousins and my uncle--who got out. The rest of my family--my\nDad came from ten siblings and Mother came from seven siblings--weren't quite so\nfortunate. We were then accepted by the Jacksonville community. That's where I\ngrew up through high school. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From that point on, I went into the service for two\nyears. [I] was, in fact, stationed in Southern Germany as a mapmaker and\ninterpreter. After I finished college at the University of Florida and then\nmoved around in Florida. [In] my college days, I met a young fellow from\nSavannah, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Georgia, by the name of Robert Gunn. He was a 6-foot 4-inch\nPresbyterian boy--We became very close in college. We went through college\ntogether and determined that one day we would have our own practice somewhere.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I got out of the service and worked in Florida, one day in late 1956, we\ntalked. We were both tired of working for another firm and decided that we would\nopen our own firm. Consequently, in January 1957, I moved to Savannah, Georgia,\nand we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"opened our office.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Where was your--first office, located?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: The first office were two rooms that we rented in the Blun\nBuilding, the Industrial Building.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Which was located on...\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Corner of Bull and Congress Streets, at that time. We actually\nworked for... Bob's father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a civil engineer. We did drafting for him just to\nearn some keep, because we had no jobs, initially. Soon, we got some work and in\n1960 we had the opportunity to buy an office building in downtown Savannah at\nthe corner of Habersham and President Streets on Columbia Square, diagonally\nacross the street from the Davenport House. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We bought the building and\nrefurbished it and made that our office. That was our office until about 1989,\nwhen we built the new building behind it and moved into it.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: What is the present address of the new building?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: 425 East President Street, so it's between Habersham and Price\nStreets on President.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Describe the area in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"downtown Savannah [in the] Columbia Square\narea in 1950. What was it like?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: When we bought the building, President Street wasn't paved. Across\nthe street where currently there is the Feiler office building, at that time,\nthat was a 5-story wood tenement house, filled with low-income people. Next to\nit was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two-story wood clapboard building. Those have all been torn down; they\nwere really in terrible disrepair, even then. The Davenport House had not been\nsaved at that time. That came in the mid-1960's when the Historic Savannah\nFoundation was founded. An interesting thing, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my coming to Savannah, as compared\nto living in St. Petersburg and Sarasota, Florida. When I lived there in the\nmid-1950's, in Sarasota and St. Petersburg, there was open anti-Semitism. Motels\nhad little placards on the doors, white Protestants only. When I made the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decision to come up here and go in business with Bob, I had a great deal of\ntrepidation because I'd always heard about Georgia and the Ku Klux Klan. I\nfigured if there was this much anti-Semitism on the West Coast of Florida, what\nin the world was I going to expect in Savannah? Then I come to Savannah, and\nmuch to my surprise, the entire of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Broughton Street is filled with Jewish\nmerchants and on the High Holy Days, they didn't close the store on just one\nday, they closed the stores for two days for Rosh Ha-Shanah. Broughton Street\nwas virtually just closed for Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur. I was just amazed\nwith that. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Orthodox synagogue, [the Congregation B'nai B'rith Jacob,] the\nBB, was still downtown. Anton's was a restaurant at the corner of Bull and\nBroughton Streets, where all the Jewish merchants gathered after services every\nmorning, after the morning minyan, in Anton's for breakfast, before they went to\ntheir stores. This was around 7:30, 8:00 in the morning. You would meet,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"virtually, the entire Jewish community in Anton's each morning. It was a very\ncomforting feeling, that the Jewish community was as strong as it was in\nSavannah. My partner, Bob, who grew up in Savannah was in the Boy Scouts with\nthe likes of Buddy Portman and Philip Hoffman and Julius Edel. While they were\nin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rival troops, they knew each other from summer camp. He directed me to the\nJEA which, at that time, was a new building on Abercorn Street had just opened\nin 1956. I was immediately accepted by the Jewish community here. Many people\ninvited me over to their house for dinner and shabbat and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so forth. It was a\nvery comforting feeling for a young man to come into a strange city and be\naccepted by the Jewish community.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Tell me about the Jewish organizations you were active in and\nwhich ones were more popular at the time.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: At that time the JEA was active and I became active in the JEA and\nsoon got on the Board. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was active in the B'nai B'rith. The B'nai B'rith was\nvery strong in Savannah because the William Wexler, Bill Wexler, was our local\npresident of the local B'nai B'rith, but he moved up the ladder and became the\ninternational president of B'nai B'rith. It just so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happens that, in my\nparticipation in B'nai B'rith, I became the president of the Savannah Chapter of\nB'nai B'rith the same year that Bill Wexler became the international president.\nI was the president's president, at that time. It was, we went to B'nai B'rith\nheadquarters in D.C., that was a very interesting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"commentary at that time. Of\ncourse, Bill knew all of us from Savannah when we came up there. The JEA, the\nB'nai B'rith--Hadassah, at that time, was very active, and they had their yearly\n\"Hadassah Presents\" program, which was a variety show. I became very involved in\nthat, the designing of the sets ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and making the sets. That became a really fun\nthing to do because I got to go to all the rehearsals, flirt with all the girls\nin Savannah, and do the set design. I always enjoyed that and had a lot of good\nmemories there. I joined the BB ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Synagogue because it was closer to my upbringing\nin an Orthodox home. Asher, Julius Asher was certainly a key member in getting\nme to join the BB. I was very happy there ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was an eligible Jewish bachelor in\nSavannah from 1957 on for several years. I thought I eluded all the advances\nmade toward me, maybe one, until Harriet Cranman moved back to Savannah from\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta. I met her and somehow, my bachelorhood days were over got married in 1973.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Eric, where were you living as a bachelor through the years? In Savannah.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: At that time, I was just living at the corner of Bull and Gordon.\nI was living off the square that Midnight in the Garden of [Good and] Evil ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took\nplace. At that time, what is now Jim Williams's former house was the Alee\nTemple, and the Reformed Synagogue was on that square. I was on Monterey Square\nand I lived there for at least twenty years.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: But also, Armstrong College was there.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Armstrong College was across the street.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Can you describe those days?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"E. MEYERHOFF: Initially, there was the filming of Cape Fear [with] Robert\nMitchum and Telly Savalas. That took place right outside my door because they\nused Armstrong College, which is now the law office of Bouhan, Williams, as a\nsetting. They were there for at least a week. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was also living there during the\ntime that integration took place and the first black [student] was admitted to\nArmstrong. The State Patrol were staked out around the entire area for that\nfirst week of the integration. The annual ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Art Show was held [on] that block in\nfront of Armstrong there between Gaston and Gordon Streets. There was a lot of\nactivity in that square at that time.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Tell me where the classrooms were. Describe the buildings that\nwere used.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Armstrong was the main building, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the main classroom and\nadministration was in the mansion at the corner of Gaston and Bull, that is now\nthe office of Bouhan, Williams. Directly behind, going northward on Bull Street,\non the corner, was a building that is now owned by Kenny [Alex] Raskin, and\nwhere the antique shop is. That was a classroom building. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the United Way\nBuilding, which is directly north of the Temple was the main classroom building.\nOur firm did a master plan for Armstrong to expand on the west side of Whitaker\nStreet, around Whitaker-Gwinnett Street area, west of the big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"park, to become a\nmajor campus there. But that never materialized, although that area was rundown\nconsiderably in those days because the land was donated on Abercorn Extension\nfor Armstrong College to expand. Armstrong then moved out of the downtown area\nand moved out on Abercorn Extension.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Eric, you were one of the first Jewish, one of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"few Jewish\npeople living in the downtown area in the 1960's. How convenient was that for\nyou as a Jewish person? What was it like from a Jewish standpoint?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: That goes back to what I mentioned just a little while ago. I was\nextremely comfortable living in the downtown area. I wouldn't live anywhere else\nbut the downtown ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"area from the time I got here, because I was fascinated by all\nthe historic architectural buildings and the richness of the buildings. Even\nthough they weren't all fully restored as they are now. There were a lot of\nstill tenement buildings, a lot of empties, and so forth. But I was here at the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beginning of the restoration period. I remember walking streets with Lee Adler\non Sundays and looking at buildings and the possibilities of each of these\nbuildings. As a Jew, of course, I had no problems at all. First of all, my\npartner was a non-Jew, so I became assimilated to the non-Jewish community\nthrough him. I became assimilated to the Jewish community by being active at the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"JEA. It really was a very pleasant and easy transition, being here. I made\nfriends rather quickly and, every once in a while, you'd hear, as you still do\ntoday, an anti-Semitic remark. My upbringing always taught me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from my father,\nthat you never deny being a Jew. You don't hide behind something. Whenever I\nheard-- [anti-Semitic remarks, to always respond to such remarks by letting\npeople know that I was Jewish, and they were degrading my religion.]\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Like I said, the--what were we talking about?\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Anti-Semitic remarks.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Yeah, I would immediately tell people, \"Look, I'm Jewish. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wish\nyou wouldn't make a remark like that.\" Most of the time people back off when\nthey hear that. I found that people respect your religion if you truly tell them\nwhat your religion is. I've never hidden my Judaism. Even though I lived behind\nthe Oglethorpe Club, which was there. But I never had a problem with it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've\nalways told people from the outset I was Jewish, just to avoid them being\nembarrassed by making that remark so they would become aware of it. I find in\ndealing with construction workers in my business as an architect, that they are\nall pretty religious people, mostly Baptist, but when you tell them that that's\nyour religion, then they respect you for it. If you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"try to avoid it, then you\nrun into anti-Semitism. There weren't many people living in the downtown area at\nthat time, but there were many offices were still downtown. At One East Gordon,\nin the basement, Norman Kaplan had his office. I know Murray Arkin and several\nother ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doctors were in the downtown area. In the late 1950's, it certainly wasn't\nfashionable to live downtown.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: What type of offices, where were they located? How did they, what\ntype of offices did they use?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: They were in the ground floor of what we now call townhouses. They\nhad their offices ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. I remember several offices. I know Murray whom I\nbefriended early and several others, and--what's the dentist on the corner of\nLiberty and Bull?\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Dr. Kazlow.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Kazlow. He bought that building and has his office there. There\nwere several ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish medical people. All the merchants on Broughton Street were,\nin fact, Jewish people...\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Even though there were not many Jewish families living downtown,\ndowntown was still the hub of the business area because there were no malls at\nthat time.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: That's right.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: People were not afraid to come downtown.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: No. It was a central business district. You had to come downtown\nif you were going to go shopping. The stores were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"downtown. Neither of the malls\nwere established. Savannah, in 1960, stopped at DeRenne. They hadn't even\ndeveloped beyond DeRenne Street much. Downtown was active. There were a lot of\nrundown buildings, there were a lot of low-income and mid-income tenement\nhouses. I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the middle 1960's was sort of the advent of restoration and\npeople buying these buildings cheaply and restoring them.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: What was the social life like on weekends in the downtown area?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: There was one restaurant downtown. That was Anton's. Everybody\nwent to Anton's. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even in 1973, when we started designing the new riverfront,\nthere were only three businesses and one bar on River Street. It was totally\ndormant, empty, vacant.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: I think it's interesting. How did people\ndress to go to a movie theater in the 1960's?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Oh, in the 1960's and even in the 1970's, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everyone dressed\n[formally]. That was another thing that was peculiar to me, in moving from\nFlorida where \"going formal\" meant closing the top button of your sport shirt.\nTo come here and find everyone in coat and tie--\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: To go to a movie theater at night?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: To go to a movie theater, to go out to eat, to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work--that\nwas just the manner there was--everyone dressed up. Adler's Department Store was\nthe corner of Bull and Broughton. All the good stores--Harris' Men's Shop.\nStanley Harris happened to be a friend of the family's because he had, he was\nthe manager of Levy's Department Store in Jacksonville before he came back to\nSavannah. I knew him [already]. That was one of the very few people that I knew\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I first came to Savannah from Jacksonville.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Eric, you and Bob were the early pioneers in the restoration\nmovement. Anything you want to say about restoration in Savannah?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: We certainly were always interested in restoration, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think that's why we\nopened our practice here. We always had our offices in downtown. I've never\nlived anywhere in Savannah but downtown. I was entranced with it when I moved\nhere in 1957, and I'm still entranced with it now, 40 years later. We, being\ndowntown and being in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forefront of restoration/renovation, we were in on a\nlot of the early things. The restoration of Troup Square. The first urban\nrenewal project was a project that Bob and I did. We restored many houses, both\nfor residential and business in the downtown area. Then in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1973, we did the\nRiverfront. We've always been involved with it. Bob was the only architect ever\nto have become President of the Savannah Historic Foundation, the first\narchitectural review board as ordained by the City government. I was a member of\nthat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to represent the architectural community. This has been one of the things\nthat our practice has been built around, was renovation and restoration.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Okay, just to sum up the downtown area, it seems like in your\nhistory of Savannah, you have lived on, you've been involved with three major\nsquares--first you lived on Monterey, and your office was on Columbia. We\npresently live on Greene Square, [on] which we bought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the home on York and\nHouston, 521 East York, and we've been living in since 1973. Let's go back and\ntalk a little bit more about Germany. You said you moved from Arolsen to a town.\nI want you to pronounce it and then spell it for the record.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: Okay, it's got a long name. It's a small town but it's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"M-E-N-G-E-R-I-N-G-H-A-U-S-E-N. Mengeringhausen. We lived there and then moved to\nKassel, K-A-S-S-E-L, which was a large city. Kassel, by the way, was\ngeographically almost in the middle of Germany: north, south, east, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"west. Kassel\nwas a rail hub because it was sort of crisscrossed. All transportation\ncrisscrossed through Kassel They had a large manufacturing plant that made\ntanks--first locomotives and then tanks. Kassel was the dumping grounds of every\nbomb run, where, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weather-wise, if the bombers couldn't go further east to bomb,\nsay Berlin or Munich and Stuttgart, and they would then just dump everything on\nKassel and turn around and go back. Or, if they had been on runs to the East and\nstill had bombs left because of high anti-aircraft fire, they would dump those\non Kassel. When I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the service and stationed in Germany, went back to\nKassel in 1954, it, literally, was bombed to the ground. You could see three,\nfour, five buildings on the horizon and the rest was all rubble and I had no\nremorse at all, obviously.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: At the time that you were notified that your family would be\nleaving Germany for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America, how did your parents pack? What were they allowed\nto take and what was taken or stolen from them?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: First of all, we were not people of means. My Dad had a small\nstore and we had an average income. The law, at that time--this was all handed\ndown to me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from my parents--was that you could take 50 Reichsmarks per person,\nso that we each had 50 marks in our pocket. You could take what you could\ncarry--that is, a suitcase full of clothes. They did allow, for people that were\nemigrating, what they called lifts, which was a giant box ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost the size of a\nsmall room, where you could put in furniture and belongings. But you couldn't\npack this without the supervision of the SA, the German police, who had someone\nthere to see what you packed. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We did not own a home. We rented, so we didn't\nleave any real estate behind. We were able to take some of our furniture. You\ncouldn't take all of it, obviously. It wouldn't fit into this box. They would\nsupervise your loading it, then they would seal it, and that lift eventually\ncame to Fort Pierce. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had that stuff moved in and had some belongings back. My\nmother's brothers had a horse farm, large pastureland, barns, et cetera. Those\nwere confiscated by the Germans in 1938, 1939, even later, I think, in 1940.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They made it legal by giving them one Reichsmark and giving them a sales ticket\n[stating] that it was, in fact, bought by the German government. An attempt for\nreparations on that property was made after the war and, I believe, there was\nsome reparations that were given to my mother and to her brother. After the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"war--the young cousin that came over at age 17, Ernest Reece, who was an only\nchild of a family that moved to Holland, he stayed with us. He was virtually my\nbrother at the house because we roomed together. He came over and was given a\njob as an ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elevator operator in Sears, Roebuck. [Although he volunteered, he]\ncouldn't get into the United States Army because he was an enemy alien. We were\nall enemy aliens at that time. We had to have special enemy alien cards because\nwe were the enemy. We were German immigrants. He wrote [U.S. President Franklin\nDelano] Roosevelt at that time to be able to go into the United States Army.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Through a letter written to the President and a response, he was, in fact, taken\nto the Army. Having studied English, Dutch and French in the German public\nschools, he spoke four languages and spoke them rather fluently. They\nimmediately sent him to a training school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Camp Ritchie, Maryland, where he went\ninto an intensified course of prisoner interrogation. He came out of that course\na Master Sergeant, was sent to Europe and interrogated prisoners of war. He\nspent the remainder of the war years in France and Belgium, following the troops\naround. Whenever prisoners of war ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were interrogated, he was on one of those\ninterrogation teams. After the war, he drove back to Holland on furlough to try\nto locate his parents. As I mentioned earlier, his parents were taken to\nconcentration camps. His father to Dachau, his mother to Teriasianstadt. We knew\nhis father had been killed in Dachau because--through the Swiss Red Cross,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"International Red Cross, that information was given to us during the war. We\ndidn't know what happened to his mother. When he got to this area in Holland\nwhere she should have been, he was told that she was taken to Teriasianstadt. In\nthe meantime, the Russians liberated Teriasianstadt and sent everyone back to\nwhere they originally came from. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He found his mother in Holland, in Amsterdam,\nafter the war. She was alive. She had survived. As an American citizen and\nsoldier at that time, he had the special privilege of getting her to this\ncountry. She came to Jacksonville and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived there. She was a terrific woman and\nhad a great spirit and a good sense of humor. She passed away three years ago at\nthe age of 99. She always had a good spirit about her and, I believe, that's the\none thing that maintained her through the horrible life of having to live\nthrough Terisianstadt which, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while proclaimed by the Germans as a \"premier camp\"\nwhere they didn't have any gas installations such as the gas chambers and the\novens. Living in these camps, even under the best of conditions was horrible\nbecause of the limited supplies, medical supplies, the limited supply of fuel,\nthe limited supply of food. Only ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the hardy really survived, even if there was no\ntorture or no death chamber.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Eric, you had relatives on the St. Louis. Tell me about the ship.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: My mother's sister married a man named Simon. They had four\ndaughters. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They lived in northern Germany. I don't know the exact year, I guess\nit was in the 1940's. They were, as a family, aboard the ship St. Louis and\nbunked off the coast of Florida where President Roosevelt denied entry of the\nimmigrants on the ship. They went back to Germany. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The oldest daughter,\nEdith--we got over and she lived with us and we sponsored her. She lived in\nJacksonville. The two middle daughters, the Simon family was sent over to\nEngland on the Kindertransport and they stayed in England, in Coventry, during\nthe war ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and survived. The youngest daughter and the parents, apparently, were\nsent to a concentration camp and they were all, lost their lives in the\nconcentration camp.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Okay, the St. Louis, there was a movie about that ship. What was\nthe name of it?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: There was, Ship of Fools. A very touching movie ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of the\nrealism of it. The anguish of those people, having to leave that ship and go\nback to Germany. In other words, the ship, when it was denied entry in Cuba and\ndenied entry in the United States, had to go back to a German port. Those Jews\nthat were on that ship were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disembarked and sent back to their home towns. Many\nof them, like my cousins, the Simon family, perished. That's a movie that still\nsticks in my mind because, when I saw it, I thought about my cousins, obviously.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: As an adult, perhaps once you came to Savannah and you were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"active\nin the organizations, was there ever any talk about the Holocaust? Did people\nask you about life? Did American Jews understand in the 1950's what actually\nhappened? Because, I think there was very little talk about the Holocaust for\nmany years.\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: By the time I got to Savannah, which was 1957, the war ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was over\nalready for twelve years. People knew about the Holocaust. The Jewish\ncommunities knew about them, while perhaps not the gentile community was as\nattuned to it as they are now. You see, I never really, not having an accent\nbecause I came over as a very young child, I never really made ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an issue out of\nthe fact that I was born in Germany and many of the people that became my\nfriends and acquaintances here in Savannah probably never even knew that I was\nborn in Germany because I never made an issue of it. I always said I grew up in\nFlorida and let it go at that. It was in the 1980's before the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remembrance of\nthe Holocaust and the memorials of the Holocaust really started. I became active\nand spoke in several of the schools about the Holocaust. I remember I was asked\nto speak. There were interviews of those survivors of the Holocaust and there\nare families in Savannah that were in that category, not many, but some. While I\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't really a survivor of the Holocaust, because we emigrated before the war,\nI was a German refugee. The remembrance and the history really didn't become an\nissue, I don't believe, until the 1980's in Savannah.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Through your years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in America growing up here, did you ever feel\nany different as a German Jew immigrant versus the Russian immigrants who came\nover from time to time? Was there any difference in the treatment or the\nattitude of Americans towards the German immigrant or the Russian immigrant?\n\nE. MEYERHOFF: I didn't know any Russian ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigrants at the time we came over.\nThey were only German, Austrian immigrants, Polish, some very, very few Polish\nimmigrants. The immigrants of the Second World War were, from my experience,\nnever treated with the open arms ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Russian immigrants [from Communist\ncountries] after the war. There were concerted efforts up for housing, of\nfurniture giving, of trying to find jobs for the Russian immigrants. I never\nexperienced that in the 1940's. I guess one of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reasons being that in the\n1940's and the late 1930's, the general American population was just coming out\nof the Depression and there wasn't any affluence as we know it today. There was\nnever any problem in getting monetary or physical gifts for the Russian\nimmigrants because there was an affluence. That ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't prevalent in the 1930's\nand the early 1940's, so everybody was kind of still looking out for themselves\nthere, coming out of the Depression. It was a different era. There wasn't as\nmuch caring, I don't think for the immigrants of WWII as there was of the\npost-war immigration of Russian immigrants. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, the thing that we need to\nbe aware of in going through this history, is that every decade of people has a\ndifferent background and have a different circumstance. What happened to us, my\nparticular family, in the late ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1930's in coming to this country and the various\nhardships we went through in order to be assimilated into the community [is\ndifferent from the experiences of other immigrants]. I didn't mention that, in\nJacksonville, my mother and father became Kosher caterers and had a Kosher\ncatering business for 40 years in Jacksonville. [They] really were part of the\nJewish community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there because of that. But the difference in each era is of the\ncircumstance of that time. Our story is the lucky story. We had a good story. We\nhad some terribly hard times, but we're alive. We survived. There are a million\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stories--of people that didn't survive. People that went to other countries and\ndidn't have it as good as we had it. I consider myself fortunate. The one thing\nthat I'm constantly aware of in my life is that I am Jewish. I'm proud to be\nJewish. I don't want to back down from ever denying ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I am Jewish. If there\nis one thing to be learned from the Holocaust, in my view, is this: When the\ntime comes and anti-Semitism becomes rampant in this country or any other\ncountry--and I certainly believe that it can happen all over again as it did\nwith ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler--when hoodlums take over control of the country, the possibility\nalways exists of anti-Semitism. When that comes again, or even if it doesn't\ncome, you, we're always Jews. Whether you shy away from it and try to assimilate\ninto the Christian community or not, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it came time in Germany and Hitler\nmade the rules about what Jews could do and couldn't do, you were a Jew whether\nyou were one-quarter a Jew or one half a Jew or a full Jew, depending on your\nancestry, but you were still a Jew. If there is one lesson to be learned, that\nif you are a Jew, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/transcript/22219/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you should practice being a Jew and never back away from\nit. [I am troubled by the current rift between Orthodox and Reform Judaism and\nthe animosity it creates. Because in the non-Jewish community, you will always\nbe a \"Jew\" in the sense that you are different.] Because in the non-Jewish\ncommunity, you are a Jew. For good, bad, or whatever, and I strongly believe\nthat we should maintain our religion and certainly maintain the history lesson\nthat's to be learned from the Holocaust. Thank you.\n\nH. MEYERHOFF: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3630.0,3660.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe term “concentration camp” refers to a camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy. In Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945, concentration camps were an integral feature of the regime. Shortly after coming to power in 1933, the Nazis began to set up a series of concentration camps across Germany. By 1934, there were over 100 of these early camps in operation. By the end of July 1933, almost 27,000 people were housed in these camps. The goal behind their internment in and subsequent release from concentration camps was often a kind of reeducation that would see them fall into line with the regime’s political and racial ideologies. Most of the prisoners were political opponents of the Nazi regime. When the Nazi regime came to power, they systematically persecuted both Jewish and non-Jewish Germans perceived to be opponents of the regime. Political opponents were some of the first victims housed in “temporary” detention centers like Lichtenburg. Jews, homosexuals, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses, clergy who opposed the Nazis, and any others whose behavior—real or perceived—could be interpreted as being in opposition to Nazi political and racial ideologies were also persecuted and incarcerated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe systematic, government-sponsored attempt by the Germans to annihilate the Jews of Europe between 1939 and 1945, which resulted in the deaths of nearly 6,000,000 Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDry goods are products such as textiles, clothing, personal care, and toiletry items. In United States retailing, a dry goods store carries consumer goods that are distinct from those carried by hardware stores and grocery stores.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) was founded in 1881. Its original purpose was the help the constant flow of Jewish immigrants from Russian in relocating. During and after World War II, they had offices throughout Europe, South and Central America and the Far East. They worked to get Jews out of Europe and to any country that would have them by providing tickets and information about visas. After World War II, they assisted 167,000 Jews to leave DP camps and emigrate elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacksonville is the largest city in the state of Florida by population. It is located in northeast Florida, about 25 miles south of the Georgia state line and about 340 miles (550 kilometers) north of Miami. Jews have played a prominent role in Jacksonville since the city’s founding in the early nineteenth century. In 2005, the city’s Jewish population was about 13,000 of a total population of about 800,000.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFort Pierce is a city in and the county seat of St. Lucie County, Florida, United States. The city is part of the Treasure Coast region of Atlantic Coast Florida. The population was 41,590 at the 2010 census. As of 2019, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 46,103. It was named after the Fort Pierce Army post which was built nearby in 1838 during the Second Seminole War. The military post had been named for Benjamin Kendrick Pierce, a career United States Army officer and the brother of President Franklin Pierce.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn November 7, 1939, Herschel Grynszpan, a 17-year-old Polish Jew living in Paris, shot German diplomat Ernst vom Rath in Paris. Grynszpan apparently acted out of despair over the fate of his parents, who are trapped along with other Polish Jewish deportees in a no-man’s-land between Germany and Poland. The Nazis used the shooting as antisemitic propaganda fervor, claiming that Grynszpan was part of a wider Jewish conspiracy. When Vom Rath died two days later, the Nazis used the incidence to fuel violent pogroms. On November 8 and 9, 1938, the Nazis started a state-sponsored nationwide pogrom. Across the country (and in Austria) Jewish synagogues, homes and businesses were looted and burned, Jews were attacked on the streets and 91 were killed. Thousands of Jewish men were sent to concentration camps for several weeks and released only when they agreed to leave the country as soon as possible. The Jews were made to pay for the damages to their premises. The pogrom was called \"\u003cem\u003eKristallnacht\u003c/em\u003e,\" which means “Night of Broken Glass,” because of all the damage done to Jewish shop windows. Thousands of German Jews and close to 6,000 Austrian Jews were arrested after \u003cem\u003eKristallnacht\u003c/em\u003e and deported to the Dachau or Buchenwald concentration camps in Germany. Most were released within a few weeks, but only if they promised to immigrate immediately, leaving their property behind.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKashrut\u003c/em\u003e is the set of Jewish dietary laws that dictate how food is prepared or served and which kinds of foods or animals can be eaten. Food that may be consumed according to \u003cem\u003ehalakha\u003c/em\u003eh (Jewish law) is termed “kosher” in English. In a kosher kitchen and home, meat and dairy are kept separate, so a separate set of dishes, cookware and serving ware are needed. Food that is not in accordance with Jewish law is called “\u003cem\u003etreif\u003c/em\u003e.” The word “kosher” has become English vernacular, a colloquialism meaning proper, legitimate, genuine, fair, or acceptable.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe term “the Netherlands” is often used when referring to Holland, although North and South Holland are actually just two of its twelve provinces. The capital is Amsterdam and the seat of government is The Hague. At the time of World War II, Queen Wilhelmina was the reigning queen. When the Germans invaded Holland/The Netherlands the royal family fled first to England and then to Canada where she ruled in exile until the end of the war. She was revered for her support of the Dutch resistance and Churchill called her “the only real man” among the government’s-in-exile in London.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Florida (commonly referred to as Florida or UF) is an American public university that was founded in 1853 and is located in Gainesville, in north central Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosh Ha-Shanah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: head of the year; i.e. New Year festival] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on \u003cem\u003eRosh Ha-Shanah\u003c/em\u003e, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: Day of Atonement] is the most sacred day of the Jewish year. \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting \u003cem\u003eyizkor\u003c/em\u003e for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the \u003cem\u003eshofar\u003c/em\u003e (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation B’nai B’rith Jacob (often called \"B.B. Jacob\" or \"BBJ\") is an Orthodox congregation in Savannah, Georgia. It was organized in 1861 under the leadership of Rabbi Jacob Rosenfeld, establishing a place of worship in Amory Hall in Savannah, Georgia. In 1866, when the membership increased, a frame building was erected on the northeast corner of State and Montgomery Streets. Its current building at 5444 Abercorn St was built in 1965. Its current (2021) rabbi is Avigdor Slatus, who has led the congregation since 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003eminyan\u003c/em\u003e refers to the quorum of 10 Jewish adults required for certain religious obligations. According to many non-Orthodox streams of Judaism, adult females count in the \u003cem\u003eminyan\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) was chartered August 2, 1912 to meet the leisure and Americanization needs of the Jewish community in Savannah. In the original charter, objectives were outlined for promoting the English language and for providing a building for such endeavors as a kindergarten, a library, classes promoting domestic and professional skills and recreation. In 1914, two years after the original charter, the JEA leased a building on the northeast corner of Barnard and Harris streets. The JEA opened its own structure January 27, 1916, located at 328 Barnard Street at the corner of Barnard and Charlton streets. World War I disrupted activities, but after the war, the JEA had become a strong social force in the Jewish community offering family nights, dances, socials, plays, contests, lectures, concerts and sports. The JEA also offered social services such as transient relief, unemployment and social case work that were later taken over by the Savannah Jewish Council, now the Savannah Jewish Federation. In December 1950, the JEA purchased 11 acres on Abercorn Street just north of DeRenne Avenue for their second building which opened in the spring of 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat [Hebrew] or Shabbos [Yiddish] is the Jewish day of rest and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities, often with great rigor, and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International [Hebrew: Children of the Covenant] is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHadassah, the Women’s Zionist Organization of America, is a volunteer organization founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold, with more than 300,000 members and supporters worldwide. It supports health care and medical research, education and youth programs in Israel, and advocacy, education, and leadership development in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMidnight in the Garden of Good and Evil\u003c/em\u003e (sometimes subtitled \u003cem\u003eA Savannah Story\u003c/em\u003e) is a 1994 non-fiction novel by John Berendt. The book follows the story of preservationist Jim Williams, on trial for the 1981 murder of his employee and sometime sexual partner, Danny Hansford. In November 1997 (four months after this interview), a film adaptation was released as a mystery-thriller, directed and produced by Clint Eastwood and starring John Cusack, Kevin Spacey, and Jude Law.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Alee Shrine Temple is a Shriners chapter in Savannah, Georgia. The Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, commonly known as “Shriners,” was established in 1870 and is part of the Freemasons. Now called “Shriners International,” it has nearly 200 chapters around the world. It is best known for the Shriners Hospitals for Children it administers and the red fezzes that the members wear.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Mickve Israel in Savannah, Georgia, is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States, as it was organized in 1735 by mostly Sephardic Jewish immigrants of Spanish-Portuguese extraction from London who arrived in the new colony in 1733. They consecrated their current synagogue, located on Monterey Square in historic Savannah, in 1878. It is a rare example of a Gothic-style synagogue. The synagogue building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Today (2021), the synagogue is a member of the Union for Reform Judaism, and the leader of the congregation is Rabbi Robert Haas.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSchool integration (also known as “desegregation”) is the process of reversing and outlawing race-based segregation inside in the United States public and private schools. Racial segregation in schools existed throughout American history. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, however, addressing school integration became a national priority. In the years since, de facto segregation has again become prevalent. The disparity in the average poverty rate in schools which white students attend and black students attend is the single most important factor in the educational achievement gap between white and black students.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United Way is a national system of volunteers, contributors, and local charities helping people in their own communities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Oglethorpe Club is a private social club, founded in 1870. Named after James Edward Oglethorpe, founder of the colony of Georgia, the club was historically one of the most exclusive clubs in the South, barring all non-white and Jewish individuals from being members or guests. It seems that, in specific instances, exceptions were made; prominent Jewish businessmen such as Samuel Yates Levy and Abram, Isaac, and Jacob F. Minis were asked to join in the club’s early days.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBaptists are individuals who comprise a group of Evangelical Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and that it must be done by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKassel is a city located on the Fulda River in central Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Reichsmark (RM) was the currency in Germany from 1924 until 1948. The Reichsmark was subdivided into 100 Reichspfennig.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSturmabteilung\u003c/em\u003e, “Stormtroopers”, often shortened to “SA.” They were commonly known as “Brownshirts” from the color of the uniforms. They were the paramilitary wing of the Nazi party and played a key role in Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in the 1920s and 1930s. They provided protection for Nazi rallies and assemblies, disrupted opposing political parties, intimidated Jewish citizens and engaged in general street thuggery. After Hitler took political power in 1933, their usefulness waned rapidly as the Nazis adopted a “law and order” platform and moved toward political respectability. The organization was essentially dismantled in in June 1934 when Hitler arrested and murdered the leadership and leaders of the Stormtroopers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBetween 1945 and 1947, the Allied governments enacted various legislation dealing with reparations to be paid to the victims of Nazi oppression. The Jewish Agency presented the first official claim to the Allied governments in September 1945. The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany (Claims Conference) was established in October 1951 to help with individual claims against Germany arising from the Holocaust. The Claims Conference initially recovered $100 million from West Germany, with direct compensation to Holocaust survivors paid in installments.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSears, Roebuck \u0026amp; Company is an American chain of department stores founded by Richard Sears and Alvah Roebuck in 1886. It began as a mail order catalog company and opened retail locations in 1925. Kmart bought it in 2005. Sears was the largest retailer in the United States until October 1989 when was surpassed by Walmart.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn “alien” is someone who is living in a country but is not a citizen or national of that country. They become an “enemy alien” during times of conflict with the country where they retain citizenship from. During World War II, Japanese, Italians, and Germans who had not become American citizens were legally considered enemy aliens and were subjected to many restrictions, which often included internment. Although many Jewish-Europeans were political refugees, they were still considered enemy aliens.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEstablished on March 22, 1933, Dachau was the first concentration camp established by the Nazi regime. It was located in southern Germany near the town of Dachau, about 10 miles northwest of Munich. Over 188,000 prisoners passed through Dachau between 1933 and 1945. Prisoners at Dachau were used as forced laborers and tens of thousands were literally worked to death. American troops liberated the camp on April 29, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDuring the war, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) was not allowed into concentration camps like Dachau. However, the German Red Cross was. While the ICRC tried to work with the German Red Cross to help camp prisoners, the German Red Cross itself was under Nazi control and obstructed many attempts of the ICRC to help concentration camp inmates. In the last days of the war, ICRC delegates were able to take advantage of the chaos within the Nazi regime and were able to go inside the camps at Turckheim, Dachau, and Mauthausen for the first time, but by then could only offer limited help to the survivors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe SS St. Louis was a German ocean liner most notable for a single voyage which began on May 13, 1939, in which her captain, Gustav Schröder, tried to find homes for 936 German-Jewish refugees, after they were denied entry to Cuba (even though they had valid visas), the United States and Canada. The ship with its Jewish refugees was forced to return to Europe where the passengers were admitted to France, Belgium, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The 288 passengers who were accepted by the United Kingdom survived. Of the 620 who were returned to continental Europe, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum estimates that the Germans murdered 254.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKindertransport\u003c/em\u003e was the name given to the mission which took thousands of children to safety ahead of World War Two (1939-1945). It helped 10,000 children to escape from Adolf Hitler’s reign of terror in parts of Europe controlled by the Nazis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShip of Fools\u003c/em\u003e is a 1965 drama film starring Vivien Leigh, set on board an ocean liner bound to Germany from Mexico in 1933.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA person not of the Jewish faith\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that lasted from 1929 to 1939. The timing of the Great Depression varied across the world; in most countries, it started in 1929. In the United States, it began after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors and was made worse by the 1930s Dust Bowl.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/annotation_set/335/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism, sometimes also called Liberal Judaism, is a division within Judaism especially in North America and Western Europe. Historically it began in the nineteenth century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3630.0,3660.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Meyerhoff, Eric [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history and immigration to the United States","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=30.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Arolsen, Germany, after the War, was in the British Zone because Germany was divided into three occupational zones. It became the headquarters of the German archives of the records of all the people that were in concentration camps . If it has a familiar ring to those people that have done research on the Holocaust , the name Arolsen would be familiar.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=30.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anti-Semitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Arolsen, Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacksonville, Fl","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nazi Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=30.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Professional life, moving to Savannah, anti-Semitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=928.0,2393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[In] my college days, I met a young fellow from Savannah, Georgia, by the name of Robert Gunn. He was a 6-foot 4-inch Presbyterian boy…We became very close in college. We went through college together and determined that one day we would have our own practice somewhere. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=928.0,2393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anti-Semitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"architecture","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assimilation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B’nai B’rith","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gunn Meyerhoff Shay Architects","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadassah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Educational Alliance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"professional life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=928.0,2393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early life in Germany, family's experiences during World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2393.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let’s go back and talk a little bit more about Germany. You said you moved from Arolsen to a town. I want you to pronounce it and then spell it for the record.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2393.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Arolsen, Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concentration camps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dachau","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kassel, Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mengeringhausen, Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nazi Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S.S. St. Louis","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Teriasianstadt","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third Reich","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WWII","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=2393.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Experiences as a Jewish immigrant","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3332.0,3714.56"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Through your years in America growing up here, did you ever feel any different as a German Jew immigrant versus the Russian immigrants who came over from time to time? Was there any difference in the treatment or the attitude of Americans towards the German immigrant or the Russian immigrant?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3332.0,3714.56"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747/index/47220/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assimilation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Great Depression","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WWII","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29826/file/97747#t=3332.0,3714.56"}]}]}]}