{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/h707w68f90/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Minsk, Malcolm (1997)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1997-01-23 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Atlanta Jews Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Minsk interviewed by Kim Cohen on January 23, 1997 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Minsk was born in 1929 to Harry Minsk and Ida Eizenstat Minsk. He has two brothers Alvin and Donald. He graduated from Boy's High in 1946 and Emory University in 1949 and began working as an accountant with Henry Birnbrey, where worked his entire career. Malcom served in the United States Army during the Korean war. The Minsk family belonged to Congregation Shearith Israel under Rabbit Tobias Geffen. Malcolm studied for his bar mitzvah under Rabbi Schwartz at Ahavath Achim Hebrew School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm was an active member of Aleph Zadik Aleph as a teenager and was deeply involved in the Jewish community throughout his lifetime. As a young adult, he served on the Board of the Atlanta Zionist District and the Southern Zionist Youth Commission. He was very involved with Brandeis University’s Camp Judea in Hendersonville, North Carolina. He was president of Congregation Shearith Israel and of the Hebrew Academy, now the Atlanta Jewish Academy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm married Betty Gerson Minsk in 1964. They have three children, Ronald, Elisa, and Wendy, and many grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eIn the first of two interviews, Malcolm Minsk talks about his family history and their journey to the United States from Russia in the early 1900s. He talks about their history in Russia and events that drove them to the United States. He discusses his grandfather and great grandfather’s burials in Israel. He reflects on his family attending Shearith Israel in Atlanta and has fond memories of the seders at his grandmother’s house. He talks about his bar mitzvah and reflects on how the celebrations today are different from years past. He talks about the shul where he learned Hebrew and remembers Rabbi Geffen at Shearith Israel.   \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm discusses the earliest Jewish businesses in Atlanta and talks about them in detail, recalling their names. He reflects on the Jewish neighborhood he grew up in and his classmates. Malcom talks about his teenage years in Atlanta and the people and groups who have influenced him the most, including the Brandeis Institute and Camp Judea. He discusses schools in Atlanta and the importance of Jewish education.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm talks about being involved in the Jewish community throughout his lifetime and the importance of these organizations. Malcolm talks about his wife Betty, who he married in 1965, and their three children, Ronald, Elisa, and Wendy. He reflects on his wife’s devotion their children.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29210"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Minsk, Malcom (personal name)","Atlanta (Ga.) (geographic)","Belarus (geographic)","Jewish families (topical)","Shearith Israel (Atlanta, Ga.) (corporate name)","dry goods (topical term)","Korean War (1950-1953) (named event)","Camp Judea (meeting name)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Minsk interviewed by Kim Cohen on January 23, 1997 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Minsk was born in 1929 to Harry Minsk and Ida Eizenstat Minsk. He has two brothers Alvin and Donald. He graduated from Boy's High in 1946 and Emory University in 1949 and began working as an accountant with Henry Birnbrey, where worked his entire career. Malcom served in the United States Army during the Korean war. The Minsk family belonged to Congregation Shearith Israel under Rabbit Tobias Geffen. Malcolm studied for his bar mitzvah under Rabbi Schwartz at Ahavath Achim Hebrew School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm was an active member of Aleph Zadik Aleph as a teenager and was deeply involved in the Jewish community throughout his lifetime. As a young adult, he served on the Board of the Atlanta Zionist District and the Southern Zionist Youth Commission. He was very involved with Brandeis University\u0026rsquo;s Camp Judea in Hendersonville, North Carolina. He was president of Congregation Shearith Israel and of the Hebrew Academy, now the Atlanta Jewish Academy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm married Betty Gerson Minsk in 1964. They have three children, Ronald, Elisa, and Wendy, and many grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the first of two interviews, Malcolm Minsk talks about his family history and their journey to the United States from Russia in the early 1900s. He talks about their history in Russia and events that drove them to the United States. He discusses his grandfather and great grandfather\u0026rsquo;s burials in Israel. He reflects on his family attending Shearith Israel in Atlanta and has fond memories of the seders at his grandmother\u0026rsquo;s house. He talks about his bar mitzvah and reflects on how the celebrations today are different from years past. He talks about the shul where he learned Hebrew and remembers Rabbi Geffen at Shearith Israel. \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm discusses the earliest Jewish businesses in Atlanta and talks about them in detail, recalling their names. He reflects on the Jewish neighborhood he grew up in and his classmates. Malcom talks about his teenage years in Atlanta and the people and groups who have influenced him the most, including the Brandeis Institute and Camp Judea. He discusses schools in Atlanta and the importance of Jewish education.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMalcolm talks about being involved in the Jewish community throughout his lifetime and the importance of these organizations. Malcolm talks about his wife Betty, who he married in 1965, and their three children, Ronald, Elisa, and Wendy. He reflects on his wife\u0026rsquo;s devotion their children.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Minsk_Malcolm.mp3"]},"duration":4653.55755,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/208/260/original/Minsk_Malcolm.mp3?1695155738","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":4653.55755,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Malcolm Minsk [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":" \n\nCOHEN: My name is Kim Cohen. I am interviewing Mr. Malcolm Minsk on January 23,\n1997, for the Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta, co-sponsored by the\nAmerican Jewish Committee, the Atlanta Jewish Federation, and the National\nCouncil of Jewish Women. Where and when were you born?\n\nMINSK: Atlanta, Georgia, January 16, 1929.\n\nCOHEN: In what hospital were you born in?\n\nMINSK: Piedmont [Atlanta Hospital], which was then on Capitol Avenue.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: What were the names of your parents?\n\nMINSK: Ida Eizenstat Minsk and Harry Minsk.\n\nCOHEN: And your brothers and sisters?\n\nMINSK: I have two brothers. Alvin and Donald.\n\nCOHEN: How did your family come to America?\n\nMINSK: They came on a boat.\n\nCOHEN: Where were they from in Europe?\n\nMINSK: They're from Russia. Belarus. White Russia. On the border of Poland.\n\nCOHEN: Was it your parents that came over?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MINSK: Yes. My mother came over before she learned to speak English. I suppose\nthat was before she was two years old. My father came over in 1920, which was\nafter the World War, after the First World War.\n\nCOHEN: Do you know what brought them to America?\n\nMINSK: They came because there was other family here in Atlanta. The first\nrelative that came, of ours, was Coleman Coplan [sp]. He had married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a niece of\nNathan Robkin. Nathan Robkin, I think, came also to Atlanta following a husband\nof his cousin.\n\nCOHEN: This would be in the early 1900s?\n\nMINSK: My mother, yes. I think my grandfather came to Atlanta before 1905. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His\nfather had already gone to Israel. We have found his grave in Israel in the\nearly 1900s.\n\nCOHEN: What was the name of your grandfather?\n\nMINSK: [Yitzhak Yisrael] Esar Eizenstat.\n\nCOHEN: What industry did he get into when he came to Atlanta?\n\nMINSK: He was a peddler.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: He sort of made his way down? He was one of the first to come to Atlanta\nor were those relatives already here?\n\nMINSK: There were people in town who were his relatives when he got here. He\nsold dry goods door to door and then collected for them in the following week.\nBut he did not have a fixed place of business. At one time, it is my\nunderstanding, he owned a drug store but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then he wasn't a pharmacist, so he must\nhave had a pharmacist working for him. The location of that business was on\nWoodward Avenue and Conley Street, which is right behind where Ed S. Cook's pool\nis now on Memorial Drive. Then they moved onto Capitol Avenue, which is across\nfrom Olympic Stadium, and he operated a bakery for a while. That bakery was\nlater ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"operated by Sam Noveck. Then his children took over the bakery. That was\nManhattan Bakery, which was in business in Atlanta for up until about 20 years ago.\n\nCOHEN: This was your mother' s . . .\n\nMINSK: My mother's father. My father's father, I'm not real sure when . . . he\nprobably came over here with his son, one of his sons. He died before I was\nborn, because I'm named for him. He died in 1928.\n\nCOHEN: What was his name, your father's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"father?\n\nMINSK: His name was Mordecai Minsk. In the obituary, it is listed as Murdock. I\nwas trying to figure out how it got to be Murdock. I figured they called up the\nnewspaper, and they said Mordecai. Whoever was on the other end interpreted that\nto be Murdock.\n\nCOHEN: I'm sure you're right.\n\nMINSK: I found that obituary in the old papers at the library.\n\nCOHEN: Do you know how he happened to come to Atlanta, your father's father?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MINSK: He had a son here at the time, it's my understanding. In any event, my\nmother and my father were cousins, so they probably came to Atlanta for the same\nreason, I mean, following the same people. My mother and father were second cousins.\n\nCOHEN: What industry did your father's father - what was he in here in Atlanta?\n\nMINSK: I don't know what he did while he was here. In Europe, he was in charge\nof a forest ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for some big landowner, it's my understanding. They sold trees and\nmade turpentine, tar, whatever.\n\nCOHEN: Where in Europe was that?\n\nMINSK: Same place. Belarus.\n\nCOHEN: Did they speak about . . . do you remember any stories about their life\nfrom Russia?\n\nMINSK: Never. The only thing I knew from up until about 20 years ago was that\nsomebody got shot in a pogrom.\n\nCOHEN: That may be what compelled them?\n\nMINSK: I don't know. Everybody was . . . my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"father came to this country because\nthe Russian Revolution wiped out the landholders. As I say, he worked for a\nlandowner. There was no private ownership of land after the communist revolution\nin 1918.\n\nCOHEN: What are some stories that your parents told about growing up here in\nAtlanta, in the early years here in Atlanta?\n\nMINSK: My mother spoke about maybe who she went to school with. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not really too\nmany stories except the neighborhood where they lived was a predominantly Jewish\nneighborhood over on Kelly Street, Conley Street, and Martin Street. That was\nabout a block from where there was a synagogue on Hunter Street. The old\nShearith Israel synagogue was on Hunter Street. In 1930, it moved to Washington\nStreet. I suppose ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's when they moved also. They didn't really talk about\nwhat went on. There wasn't a lot of talk, as I can recall it.\n\nCOHEN: Your parents grew up around the same neighborhood?\n\nMINSK: I don't know. I would suppose they did because everybody lived within a\nmile of each other.\n\nCOHEN: What school did your mother go to?\n\nMINSK: My mother went to Girls' High.\n\nCOHEN: Who were some of the friends that she did go to school with?\n\nMINSK: I know that she went to school with Ms. Taylor. Esther Kahn. Minnie\nMelson [sp] was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friend of hers. Ada Miller, who was Ada Smith. Someone named\nFannie Kurtzman, who when they moved, she moved to North Carolina, and they kept\nin contact for a while. Rose Simon, who was Rose Borochoff, who was Izzy\nBorochoff's sister. That's some of the people that come to mind.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Could you tell me a little bit about that neighborhood that they grew up\nin, where you said all the Jews lived?\n\nMINSK: My recollection of it is we would go over to our grandmother's house,\nbubbe's house, for the holidays so that we could walk to shul. It was Washington\nStreet and Capitol Avenue, Atlanta Avenue, Georgia Avenue. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Within . . . if you\nwent from where AA [Ahavath Achim] was, which was on Washington and . . . gosh .\n. . Washington and Woodward Avenue. If you drew a circle one mile, you would go\ndown to Atlanta Avenue. At that point, you had the whole Jewish population. A\nlot of the Sephardim, the Spanish Jewish people, they lived ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along Pulliam\n[Street], Pryor [Street], and Central Avenue. As you went down toward Atlanta\nAvenue, Atlanta Avenue was the fancy street.\n\nCOHEN: What was your bubbe's name? This is your . . .\n\nMINSK: Her name was Bessie Eizenstat, but we called her bubbe.\n\nCOHEN: This was your mother's?\n\nMINSK: My mother's. I know nothing about my father's mother. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I say, my\nfather's father died before I was born. I don't even know anything about her,\nincluding what her name is.\n\nCOHEN: What was your father's occupation?\n\nMINSK: He was a grocer.\n\nCOHEN: How did he get into that business?\n\nMINSK: Suppose he had to do something.\n\nCOHEN: So true. Can you tell me where his grocery store was?\n\nMINSK: The first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recollection I had was that we had a grocery store on Third\nStreet, which was in a black neighborhood. Right now, the street probably\ndoesn't exist. But Baker Street runs alongside where the Hyatt Regency is on\nPeachtree [Street]. If you go east back toward Boulevard, it was . . . you had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Courtland Street, Piedmont Avenue, Butler Street, Ford Street, and then Jackson\nStreet and Boulevard. We lived about four blocks this side of Georgia Baptist\nHospital. We lived over the store until 1942 or 1943. We moved when my brother\nwas bar mitzvahed. Alvin. That was 1943. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When he was bar mitzvahed in July of\n1943, we had already moved. Then my father bought a grocery store on Woodward\n[Avenue] and Fraser [Street] from Abe Goldberg. He died about a year after we\nbought that grocery store. My mother continued to run that store until about\n1954 or 1955. Three brothers went to Emory [University] out of that store.\n\nCOHEN: What were some ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other businesses in both of those locations? Any other\nJewish stores in the first place where you lived above?\n\nMINSK: There were people. I mean, there were a lot up the street. Dr. Levin's\nbrother had a pharmacy. Marvin Zion's father had a grocery store. Irwin Lebowski\n[sp] had a grocery store over in that area. Saul Blass had a store on Forrest\nAvenue [later named Ralph McGill Boulevard]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nathan Stola [sp]. I'm trying to\nthink of what Shafer's [sp] name was. There was a fellow named Shafer had a\nstore down at Forrest and Bedford Place. No, it wasn't Bedford Place. But it was\non Forest Avenue one block east of Piedmont Avenue, a little side street. There\nwere a lot of Jewish stores and merchants there.\n\nCOHEN: How about on Woodward?\n\nMINSK: On Woodward across ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the street, there was a grocery store that was owned\nby a fellow named Lang [sp] and then Reisland [sp] and then Albert Zeder. That\nwas right around the corner from where the old Jewish [Educational] Alliance\nwas. Up on Capitol Avenue, you had, how many Jewish? You had Diamond was a\nJewish butcher up on Capitol Avenue. Merlin had a delicatessen across ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the street\nfrom the Alliance. Abe Kegel's [sp] father ran a kosher restaurant above\nMerlin's. Diamond had a grocery store. I'm trying to think what his name was.\nNewman. Mr. Newman. Mr. Franco, Mr. Edelstein lived on Capitol Avenue, and he\nkilled chickens. Jake Spiegelman's brother-in-law, Epstein, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a bakery. The\nTaylors had a bakery up on Capitol Avenue. There were a lot of those. Mr. Sorola\n[sp] had a store further down on Fraser Street. Then you went down to Georgia\nAvenue and Bernoffs [sp] had a grocery store. The Kaplans had a ten-cent store.\nHerman Lischkoff's father had a dry goods store. Manhattan Bakery and H.\nSunshine ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were on Georgia Avenue right at Washington Street. Then on Washington\nStreet you had Harold Siegel's father, Max Siegel, had a kosher butcher shop.\nThe Stein's father, Sidney Stein's father, Ben Stein, he had a grocery store at\nWashington and Richardson Street.\n\nCOHEN: What did they say about working conditions at the time?\n\nMINSK: Everybody worked long and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard just to eke out a living.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember some of your childhood friends when you were living above\nthe store?\n\nMINSK: The Rich family lived on Forrest Avenue. A.B. Israel lived on Forrest\nAvenue. On Boulevard, we had Alvin Alpern, Erwin Jacobson, Alvin Cohen, Arnold\nWhiteman, Irving Berlin. Bob Gershon lived up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on . . . [unintelligible] Miller,\nJune Ashton [sp], they lived on Boulevard. We all went to Hebrew school together.\n\nCOHEN: What Hebrew school was that?\n\nMINSK: It was AA [United] Hebrew School. When it first started, they had a\nbuilding at St. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charles [Avenue] and what is now Monroe Drive. It was Boulevard.\nThen they bought a house up in the 500 block of Boulevard. We had Hebrew school\nthere. That was before they had built the [Atlanta Jewish Community] Center on\nTenth Street which is now a labor union building.\n\nCOHEN: Who was the rabbi during that time?\n\nMINSK: We went to Shearith Israel. Our rabbi was Rabbi [Tobias] Geffen. The\nrabbi at AA ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was Harry Epstein. I remember Rabbi Morrie Schwartz who taught in\nthe Hebrew school for the greater part of when I was going to Hebrew school.\n\nCOHEN: He was mainly your teacher?\n\nMINSK: Yes.\n\nCOHEN: How come you went to one synagogue and then Hebrew school at another?\n\nMINSK: Because at Shearith Israel . . . I think it was more of a community\nschool, but it was mostly run, I think, by AA. Shearith Israel didn't have a . .\n. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we didn't live on that side of town. I don't even know if - Shearith Israel\nmight have had a small Hebrew school, but we did not go there. We went to Sunday\nschool. We rode the street car and a car later and went to Sunday school on\nWashington Street.\n\nCOHEN: When you went to Hebrew school, how many days a week did you go?\n\nMINSK: Four days, after school.\n\nCOHEN: When did your father move the store to Woodland?\n\nMINSK: Woodward.\n\nCOHEN: Woodward, where did y'all live?\n\nMINSK: We then moved on Richardson ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Street, Richardson and Pulliam, which is\nright across the street from where the IBEW Building is on Central Avenue right\nacross from the stadium.\n\nCOHEN: Who were some people that you played with in that neighborhood and friends?\n\nMINSK: We were an AZA [Aleph Zadik Aleph] Chapter then. Let's see, Louis.\n\nCOHEN: What was the name of that chapter?\n\nMINSK: AZA 460. JTC. Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"God. Walter Cohen. But these were people not\nnecessarily from the neighborhood.\n\nCOHEN: Right.\n\nMINSK: Walter Cohen, Leon Shusterman, Irving Berlin, Alvin Alpern, Jake Frong,\nLewis Kurtzman, Howard Fine, Morris Frong. I'm trying to see who played\nbasketball and softball. Ben Edelstein, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Pothauser [sp]. We had about 25\nboys in our AZA chapter.\n\nCOHEN: What are some of your memories of Rabbi Geffen?\n\nMINSK: A very respected person who never had too much to say, at least to me,\nand I suppose young people in particular. I make a comment that when my father\ndied, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we said Kaddish. We did not go in the morning, but we went at least four\nor five nights a week. We didn't go on Saturday because we were working. I don't\nrecall going on Friday nights. But I know we went four nights a week. In a whole\nyear, I mean, there was very little communication between us. Why, I don't know.\nSomeone ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in his family published a book of excerpts from his diary, and in that\nbook, he refers to going to my bar mitzvah party. He refers that he went to the\nEizenstat bar mitzvah party because in his mind I was an Eizenstat.\n\nCOHEN: Because?\n\nMINSK: My mother was an Eizenstat.\n\nCOHEN: In your neighborhood, did you mix with the Sephardim?\n\nMINSK: Yes, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interacted. We would play basketball. They had their own club at\nwhat was then the [Jewish Educational] Alliance. LAP. Light and Peace. Or\nVeShalom. You know, Or is light and Shalom, so.\n\nCOHEN: Yes.\n\nMINSK: Anyway, their club was LAP. In fact, Morris Galanty [sp] was in our AZA\nchapter now that I go back and recall that.\n\nCOHEN: Where did you go to school, elementary school?\n\nMINSK: I went to elementary school at Calhoun [Calhoun Street School, now\nPiedmont Avenue] which is where the [Atlanta] Civic Center is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now. I went to\njunior high at Bass High, which is in Little Five Points. Then I went to Boys'\nHigh, which is where Grady High [School] is today. Then I went to college at Emory.\n\nCOHEN: Who were some of your classmates in elementary school?\n\nMINSK: The best way I can recall, I only had one Jewish classmate and that was\nprobably Billy Rich. Clara Feldman ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was in my class. She was Clara Lazar. There\nwasn't a lot of Jewish kids where I went to school. That never worried us, I\nmean. I never was in a Christmas play, but I always sang the Christmas carol,\nand every day we said the prayer. I don't think I was ever corrupted by starting\nout the day by saying, \"Our Father in heaven.\"\n\nCOHEN: I'm there with you. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did it too growing up.\n\nMINSK: I think we had a better society for it.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me about your middle school, some of your classmates there.\n\nMINSK: Maud Taylor was in my class. Freddy Miller. Barbara Cook, who wound up\nsinging in The Sound of Music. Not the Sound of Music. The Music Man. She was in\nmy class at Bass Junior High School. Gosh, I'm trying to think why it was that\nthe people [unintelligible] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, in high school is when I would have probably\nbeen in AZA. Alvin Cohen was in my class. He was killed in an automobile\naccident right after we graduated high school. Gosh, I don't really recall that\nmuch of . . . [unintelligible] was in my class. She now lives, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think, up in\nLong Island [New York]. Her father ran a restaurant downtown where all the\nJewish people would eat.\n\nCOHEN: What was it called?\n\nMINSK: Shorty's. It was right at Five Points.\n\nCOHEN: Was there a teacher that particularly inspired you?\n\nMINSK: Miss Lepra [sp] in the third grade.\n\nCOHEN: What about her inspired you?\n\nMINSK: She taught me how to multiply.\n\nCOHEN It's important to know.\n\nMINSK: Taught me short-cut ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"multiplication.\n\nCOHEN: What books did you like to read then in elementary?\n\nMINSK: Did we read books?\n\nCOHEN: Okay.\n\nMINSK: Comic books, I suppose, back then. We didn't have . . .you have to\nunderstand that back then you couldn't afford to buy a book. If you read a book,\nyou checked it out of the library. I don't know when it was, but at one point I\nwent down to the library over one summer and read every Ellery ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Queen book that\nthey had, the mystery of this and the mystery of that.\n\nCOHEN: What are some of your early memories of holidays in your home or at your\nbubbe's home?\n\nMINSK: I remember that we used to always have fun at the seder. Course, the\nseder then, you started at the front of the Haggadah and you went at my\ngrandfather's speed except for saying [unintelligible], which they had to slow\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down for. But there was very little singing, and there was a lot of talking\nwhile the senior men, my uncles and my father and my zeyde, would go through and\njust read just lickety-split through seder. Then we would eat. But there wasn't,\nI don't recall a lot of singing like we do today. There was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"absolutely no\ndiscussion. Like today in our home, we read a passage and then we ask if anybody\nhas their own peculiar or particular interpretation. We try to make it different\nfrom every year. On holidays, I never went to school on Jewish holiday until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nwas in my last year in college and I took a test on Shabbos, which was in May. I\nfeel sorry about having done that.\n\nCOHEN: To this day?\n\nMINSK: We stayed out of school. We went to synagogue in the morning. Then in the\nafternoon we probably went to a movie. I remember growing up in my home, we\nturned on the lights ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we did not write and we did not use scissors. Of\ncourse, all the time that we grew up, my mother and my grandmother had a kosher\nhome. It wasn't even anything that was discussed. It was just like getting up in\nthe morning and, washing up and putting on your clothes and do what you got to\ndo. We ate out. My mother ate out, but she did not eat out meat. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that my\ngrandparents probably never went out to eat unless they went to somebody's\nkosher party at the synagogue.\n\nCOHEN: What relatives would be at your seders?\n\nMINSK: Only my uncles. We only had immediate family. My mother had two brothers\nand then she had a sister who passed away. Her sister passed. Let's see, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her\nsister passed away, I would say, in 1954. We had me, my mother and father, three\nchildren. Bubbe and zeyde. They had two uncles, Leo Eizenstat and Berry\nEizenstat, and a sister Rose [Eizenstat Perlman]. During the war, we did have\nover soldiers. I do remember that during the World War [II], we would have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two\nor three soldiers at every seder. I'm not sure, sometimes we might have had\nsoldiers over for the evening meal, or the meals on Rosh HaShanah. I'm not too\nsure about that. But I do recall now that we did have soldiers at the seder.\n\nCOHEN: Do you remember your zeyde cleaning for Passover?\n\nMINSK: I never saw that because . . . we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would go down. No, but I never saw\nthat. We did it at our house, but I never saw him doing that.\n\nCOHEN: What would your mother do? Would she take down the curtains?\n\nMINSK: No, we never did that. We would clean up. We would search for hametz. I\nthink we make more of to-do today about cleaning up. Even though I do know that\nthey probably did a lot of scouring, you know. But as little kids, it didn't, we\ndidn't. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never recall that. I can't recall being down at my bubbe's house\nbefore seder. In other words, if we went, we would have come down there the\nnight of the seder and then slept over on cots and doubling up in beds and things.\n\nCOHEN: What were some of your favorite foods that your bubbe cooked?\n\nMINSK: I suppose gefilte fish.\n\nCOHEN: Can you still smell it?\n\nMINSK: I can.\n\nCOHEN: What about any of the other holidays. Any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"memories? Shabbat? Do you\nremember your mother lighting the candles?\n\nMINSK: We always lit candles, and we always said Kiddish. But as I say, by\nvirtue of working of Shabbat, as kids we went to junior congregation, mainly at\nthe Hebrew school. I think the Hebrew school had their own services.\n\nCOHEN: This was at AA?\n\nMINSK: No, this wasn't at the big AA. This was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over on Boulevard.\n\nCOHEN: Right.\n\nMINSK: Wherever. Golly. I know we must have gone to shul on Shabbos, but it\nreally doesn't . . . when we did and how long that kept up, I don't know.\n\nCOHEN: What are some of your first jobs? Did you ever have jobs after school?\n\nMINSK: The only time I ever worked, we worked in the grocery store when my\nfather died. I remember that when I went to Emory, we would open up the store at\nseven o'clock, quarter to seven. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then at about quarter to eight, me and my\nbrother would get in the car and we would drive to Emory. When we got out of\nEmory, we'd come back and work at the store. I never had what you might call a\njob outside the home until I was a senior in college. It's a long story, but I\nwent to work in December for Henry Birnbrey. I found my first paycheck somehow,\nwhich is another story, [dated] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"12-17-49, which is almost 50 years ago, for $16.82.\n\nCOHEN: That was for a week.\n\nMINSK: That was after school, and I've been with Henry since then. One place. I\ngot a one-line resume.\n\nCOHEN: Very nice. I want to take a picture of that later. I brought my camera.\nHow did you decide what business you were going into? Just from working here?\n\nMINSK: I don't know. I started ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emory, and the only thing I knew was that I would\nprobably go to the business school. In high school, I took a course in\nbookkeeping and aced the course. Had a teacher named Mr. Hills. That class -\nBoys High and Tech High shared facilities. That class was offered at Tech High.\nI was looking for an easy course, so I took this bookkeeping course. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Somehow, I\nwound up liking it. I went to Emory and majored in accounting, really not\nknowing what or how. Just figured that when I got out of school, something would\nhappen. In September of 1949, I went to speak to Herman Popkin, who was the\ndirector of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what today would be called Young Judea for the southeast. I had gone\nto Brandeis Institute in Hendersonville [North Carolina] that summer. He asked\nme what my . . . talked to me about that experience. Then he wanted to know if I\nwanted to do some work for Young Judea. I told him no, that I was an accounting\nmajor working in my mama's grocery store, and I would stay there unless I got an\naccounting job. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a friend, Henry Birnbrey. They were in recital together.\nHe said, \"I have a friend who is down the hall.\" Suppose it was lucky he was\ndown the hall. He said, \"Go down there and tell him I sent you. Maybe he has\nneed for somebody.\" I went and I spoke to Henry. He and Marvin Kaplan had\nadjoining offices. At that time, there was a shortage of telephones. They shared\na telephone and they would answer with a number. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then whoever the call was for\nwould take the call. He said, \"Maybe I'll need somebody for tax season when it\ngets busy toward the end of the first of the year.\" He called me back and I went\nto work for him. Herman Popkin influenced by life by introducing me to Henry,\nand Harry Popkin because Harry was in charge of BBYO [B'nai B'rith Youth\nOrganization] when I was in AZA here in Atlanta.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Masada. You mentioned that.\n\nMINSK: Masada was a young Zionist group. Henry was active in that. I never was\ninvolved with Masada.\n\nCOHEN: Any other people you know of that were?\n\nMINSK: I suppose Henry and, golly, Dave Mackerol [sp], who now lives in Israel.\nI'm trying to guess who Henry's friends were. I suppose Israel Katz was involved\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though at one point he was national AZA debating champion. I know he was in\nAZA prior to that. Masada was the men's counterpart to Junior Hadassah. It was a\nyoung people's group interested in Zionism.\n\nCOHEN: Young Judea. Were you a member of Young Judea?\n\nMINSK: I was a member of AZA. I never was a member of Young Judea, even though I\nwas very instrumental in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"establishing Camp Judea at North Carolina.\n\nCOHEN: What got you involved in that?\n\nMINSK: My relationship with Herman Popkin. Henry was the treasurer of Young\nJudea for the longest. When he decided he didn't want to do it, he nominated me.\nI got involved with the Southern Zionist Youth Commission, which was a joint\neffort of ZOA, Zionist Organization of [America] and Hadassah, except Hadassah\nprovided most of the money. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Camping, this experience at Brandeis Institute,\ngreatly affected my life. Young Judea had a two-week camp. They went and rented\n. . . they went to where Blue Star [Camp] is. For two weeks, they ran their own\ncamping program and paid Blue Star ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a per day charge for everybody that they\nbrought into camp, the counselors and the staff. They provided the program, and\nBlue Star provided the facility, the housing, the food, the nurse, the\nwaterfront. We just felt that if we could expand the program for more than two\nweeks, because the two weeks did not come in prime time. It was before the camp\nopened up, which means a kid would get out of school on Friday and go away to\ncamp on Monday. Of course, they always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"set the days. Plus, you couldn't start\ncamp if school was in, so we had to figure out now when are the schools getting\nout in the south over the next year. So, you were always planning 18 months\nahead really in terms of the dates. For at least four or five years, Ed Reisman,\nHerman Popkin, and myself as a group or individually ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to two ZOA conferences\na year. Lila Reisman was going to the Hadassah conferences. We were making our\npitch that if we could find a camp and show how we could buy it without it\ncosting anybody any money, they would approve us doing it. And we did it. We\nbought a piece of property in North ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carolina for $115,000. We had to pay . . .\nwe rented the camp the first year for $15, 000. We had an option to buy the camp\nfor $115,000 and apply that $15,000 to the rent. We rented it the first year and\nthen signed a mortgage for $100,000. We had $600 in the bank when we did that.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We paid off that mortgage. We bought a little more land. We got property in\nNorth Carolina which cost . . . there's hard dollars in there of about $900,000.\nLast year, they had about 230 kids there twice. There were 460 kids in camp for\neight weeks.\n\nCOHEN: My niece being one of them.\n\nMINSK: I hope she had a good experience.\n\nCOHEN: Every year. This is like her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eighth year.\n\nMINSK: Let me say. I got married when I was 36. Before I got married, I had a\nlot of time to do all this. I know I have somewhere at my house, I have a bill\nwhere I went to New York to the American Zionist Youth Commission which was a\ncounterpart of the Southern Zionist. I stayed at the Warwick Hotel. I've got a\nbill where I think the bill was about $10.30 tax. We went there, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again to try to\npromote camp. When we bought the camp, there were other Young Judea camps in the\ncountry, but ours was the only one that was actually indirectly owned by\nHadassah and ZOA. The other camps - one camp in New Hampshire was owned by Dr.\nRobbins. He made it available to Young Judea. In other parts of the country,\nthey had camping programs ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in rented camps. But Camp Judea is a separate\ncorporation. It's a membership corporation. The membership is the presidents of\nthe Southern Region, the areas of Southern Region president of Hadassah, which\nmeans that to the extent that Hadassah can control their women, they own that\ncamp. Even though we operate autonomously. And we are very successful. We are\nmodeled after. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I say \"we\" even though I am an audit and I'm supposed to be\nindependent, but I'm still involved.\n\nCOHEN: Who were some other people from Atlanta that helped you form that camp?\n\nMINSK: Bob Travis, Sonny Glenn, Saul Benamy, Larry Bregman, Ben Golden. These\nwere all people who were active in ZOA. What they did is they lent their moral\nsupport. Some a little bit of money. Dr. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nathan Blass. In fact, we had a\nfund-raising affair at Dr. Blass' home and raised what was in those times\nmonumental sums. I think we got about $10,000. Dr. Sidney Janus helped us a lot\nin terms of moral support when we would go to ZOA meetings. Of course, they\nspoke Hebrew. I don't know if you know Leah Janus. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's his widow.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me some of your memories of Herman Popkin.\n\nMINSK: Maybe I need to get you a copy of his book that he just wrote [Once Upon\na Summer]. Herman and Harry and their brother Ben created Camp Blue Star. They\nwere in North Georgia for two years, and then they bought a piece of property in Hendersonville.\n\nCOHEN: Are they from Atlanta?\n\nMINSK: They're from Augusta. Harry and Herman were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actively involved in youth\nwork through B'nai B'rith, Harry as a social worker; Herman is a journalist. I\ndon't know what Ben's training was. Of course, this is the 50th year of camp. We\nwere the accountants for the camp. Because of that, I became, we became closely\ninvolved. We would go up during the summer ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do the bookkeeping work because\nthey didn't really have their own full-time bookkeeper. They had people that\nwould take in the money and pay their bills. We would do the accounting. I had a\ndeal with Harry that after I finished what accounting work that I could charge\nfor, but he said if you would work in the office one hour a day, then you can\nstay here. If I finished up on Thursday, I wouldn't come back to Atlanta until\nFriday. I would stay over there Friday and Saturday and then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come back on Sunday\nnight. We hired the bookkeeper. They had a college person doing bookkeeping. Out\nof the people that were in that, I would suppose from 1953 to 1975, they\nprobably had maybe 15 different people doing that job. I would say 14 of them\nwound up being CPAs. My brother was one of those.\n\nCOHEN: That was at Blue Star?\n\nMINSK: That was at Blue Star. Herman and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harry are tremendous people. They ran a\nkosher camp even though they personally were Reform Jews. They felt that in\norder to attract staff, we could impart a good Judaic program. These people\nwould not come to a non-kosher camp.\n\nCOHEN: No.\n\nMINSK: Their camp was kosher. The United Synagogue [Youth] just had their\nconventions there, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gosh, forever it seems like. I don't know now that [Camp]\nRamah has opened if they will go to Ramah or not. Just seeing them operate and\nseeing their love of an individual. What they would do sometimes for one\nindividual to try to make him have a good time. You say how? It seemed like I'd\nget this kid and call or charter a bus and get him home and say, \"Go, go away.\"\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They felt that they would work with a kid so that he could have a meaningful\nexperience. Of course, a lot of the campers that went to Blue Star, you had a\nlot from Miami, but you also had a lot of people that went from small towns\nbecause this was their only contact with Jewish people.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me about the Brandeis Institute. You said that was very instrumental\nin your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life.\n\nMINSK: There was a fellow named Dr. Shlomo Bardin. He ran a nautical school in\nIsrael. I don't know what kind of nautical school it was, but that's what his .\n. . he would come dressed up in navy whites. He got permission to use the name\nBrandeis who was an American Zionist chief justice. He started a camp [Camp\nAlonim] in the Pocono [Mountains, Pennsylvania]. Then the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ZOA here in the south\nraised really a lot of money, $200,000 or $300,000. They bought a piece of\nproperty in Hendersonville, North Carolina, right near Flat Rock. The ZOA\nmainly, it's my understanding, recruited kids and gave them incentives to go to\nthis leadership camp, college-age children, young people. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was an institute\ntype thing where we had regular camping experience. We played softball, cook\nout, swimming, but they had sessions in Zionist history, Jewish history. They\nhad Jewish folk dancing. That camp operated in Hendersonville for two years, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nthen it became a drain on Dr. Bardin. It's my understanding, he had opened up a\ncamp in California which is now the Brandeis-Bardin Institute in Simi Valley\n[California]. Dennis Prager, gosh, about maybe 15 years ago was the director of\nthat camp. He sold the Poconos camp. He sold the Hendersonville and then dumped\nall the money and made a success out of this camp out on the West Coast. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That\nwas a tremendous experience. The one thing I got out of that camp was cloud\nIsrael, one people. It's so sad when you see that you can't, for whatever\nreason, get all Jewish people to get together. There was an ad in last week's,\nI'm going to call it the Southern Israelite, signed by a group of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rabbis in\nAtlanta about the religious pluralism in Israel. As I say, none of the Orthodox\nrabbis are on that letter. I don't know if it's a matter of protecting their\npolitical turf or . . . you're talking about a deep theological matter by\nconversion. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we don't do something about having conversions, we're going to,\nthe society in America is in trouble. I don't know. I don't know what the answer\nis there. It ought not to be as difficult to get converted as it is. -- There is\na Leah Gettah [sp] from Augusta. Every once in a while, I'll run into ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her. There\nwas someone named Sperling from Birmingham. There was a Herbage from Birmingham.\nI swear the names . . . those names just never . . . we never maintained\ncontact. There might have been some people from Atlanta who I just never put\ntogether that they were at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp and would be at the same time, but there had to\nbe a few.\n\nCOHEN: Those were the names of people that went to Brandeis Institute. Now you\nhave such fond camp memories. Any other camps that you went to?\n\nMINSK: I wasn't a camper. I didn't swim. I was a counselor down at Rutledge\n[Georgia] one year, and they did not invite me back. In fact, they invited me\nnot to come back.\n\nCOHEN: What was the name of that camp?\n\nMINSK: That was [Camp] Daniel Morgan. That was a predecessor to [Camp] Barney\nMedintz. When I was in, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I suppose I must have been a freshman in college when I\nwas a counselor down there.\n\nCOHEN: Any other counselors you remember from that camp?\n\nMINSK: Hilda Nabors was the nurse. Bennie Bogle [sp] from Augusta was there. I\nthink Harry Kovar [sp] was the director. He was the PE director at the Alliance.\nI'm drawing a blank.\n\nCOHEN: That's all right. When you were growing up, did you mix with Jews from\nother small towns? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you have any exposure to them?\n\nMINSK: Only in terms if anybody came to Sunday school.\n\nCOHEN: Do you know of any families that would drive their children?\n\nMINSK: There might have been the Ellis Edelson [sp] and the Strumitza from\nLaGrange. Maybe the Gordons. They lived in Buford. They probably came in on\nSunday for Sunday school, but that was the only contact.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me what happened to the grocery store. You mentioned that you would\nwork there when you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started college.\n\nMINSK: We must have sold . . . we sold it to some . . . my mother sold it to\nsomebody. When they were building the expressway downtown in front of the state\ncapitol, they moved some houses, some of the Capitol Homes projects were moved.\nNow there is just public housing there, which was an extension of the old\nCapitol Homes.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Were you ever in the military?\n\nMINSK: Yes.\n\nCOHEN Can you tell about that?\n\nMINSK: Korea [War] broke out in July of 1950. I was ordered to report to my\ndraft board on October, the 20th. I applied for a deferment in order to take the\nCPA test in November. So I did not go in until November 20, 1950. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I got out two\nyears and one day later, November the 20, 1952. For the first year, I was in\nCamp Polk, Louisiana, which is now Fort Polk. I took basic training. After basic\ntraining, I got a job as a typist. Then I got transferred to regimental\nheadquarters as a typist. I saw an announcement that they were looking for\nmachine ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accounting operators. The unit that I was in of 150 people, there might\nhave been two that had graduated college. Half of them were Spaniards from San\nAntonio [Texas], which they could hardly read or write sometimes, I thought. I\nsaw this, and I applied for a transfer to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that unit. I then went to school in\nIndianapolis, Indiana, for two months. The first six weeks, I was actually\nlearning how to operate IBM tabulating equipment. The old punch cards. For two\nweeks we learned the systems that we were going to apply that to. For ten\nmonths, I was then transferred to San Antonio, Texas, working in an IBM unit.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I got out, I got out of the army one day and I was at work nine o'clock the\nnext morning.\n\nCOHEN: Any people from Atlanta go through any of those experiences with you?\n\nMINSK: I was with, I went in with David Hudson and Nat Goldwasser. I was with\nthem for one year in Camp Polk. They were Jewish people that I knew. But when I\nwas in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"San Antonio, I didn't even know if there was anybody in Atlanta in there.\n\nCOHEN: Did you spend the holidays with any Jews in the area?\n\nMINSK: Yes. We went down at lox and bagels quite often at one of the synagogues.\nOne of the synagogues, [unintelligible]. Later became the rabbi there. He was a\ndirector of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B'nai B'rith, BBO. I later noticed that he was the rabbi in San\nAntonio. We interacted there. Didn't go to any services there. I went there. I\ndon't know what I did for Pesach there because when I was at San Antonio, I did\nnot come home. I went from Indianapolis [Indiana] to San Antonio. No, I went\nfrom ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Camp Polk to Indianapolis over Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur. I was home for\nRosh HaShanah, and for Yom Kippur I was in Indianapolis. I had reported there a\nday late because of Rosh HaShanah. When I got there, I was in a unit with a\nJewish fellow. He said that he had gone somewhere for Rosh HaShanah, and the\npeople had invited him back for Yom Kippur. They said he could bring a friend,\nso I went over there. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They had a tremendous meal for Yom Kippur. The ham looked\nlike it had just come out of some culinary gourmet magazine. I don't know what I\nate, but I know it wasn't ham. Those people were, they were very nice. They told\nus that if we would call them up, they'd let us use their car while we were\nthere. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't really recall what I did for Pesach in San Antonio. I just can't\nrecall, but I know I was there over Pesach because I was there from November to,\nno not October. Yes, I was in San Antonio for a year, from November to November.\nI was in Camp Polk for ten months, right.\n\nCOHEN: Who did you marry?\n\nMINSK: I married a girl named Betty Gerson from Morristown, Tennessee. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She moved\nto Atlanta. She first stayed with Ida Lowenthal, who is Jack Halpern's\ngrandmother, because she wanted to stay where she could have a kosher kitchen.\nMs. Lowenthal knew my mother and suggested that I call ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her.\n\nCOHEN: What brought her to Atlanta?\n\nMINSK: She wanted to get out of Morristown, Tennessee.\n\nCOHEN: Enough said. Enough said.\n\nMINSK: We've been married since 1965. No, 1964. Thirty-three years. Thirty-two\nyears. We're going into the 33rd.\n\nCOHEN: I guess your family felt good about the marriage since your mother\nintroduced you.\n\nMINSK: She couldn't say too much. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, everything was fine. Everything was fine.\n\nCOHEN: Can you tell me about the wedding? Where was it at. Who were some of the\npeople who came.\n\nMINSK: The wedding was in Knoxville [Tennessee]. It was at the Temple Beth El in\nKnoxville. A very nice wedding except they had everything wired for sound and\nsomebody forgot to push the button. So, we had video with no sound.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Who were some of your relatives from Atlanta that came?\n\nMINSK: My aunts and uncles came. My cousin Stuart [Eizenstat]. The Larkin family\nare cousins. They were there. My brothers, of course. My brothers both were\nmarried. They were there with their wives.\n\nCOHEN: Who did they marry?\n\nMINSK: Donald married Sheila Sharpman from Macon. Alvin married Shirley Kaplan\nfrom Wrightsville, Georgia. They both live in Atlanta.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Tell me about your first home.\n\nMINSK: We lived in an apartment for about a year. Then we bought a home on\nEldorado Drive. We lived there for 30 years, 31 years. Then we just moved into a\nnew home a year ago. We've been in there for about 10 months.\n\nCOHEN: When you were in the apartment, were there any other young couples?\n\nMINSK: No. There were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some married people there but not young couples. Not in\nthat apartment.\n\nCOHEN: How about in the neighborhood on Eldorado. Who were some of the families?\n\nMINSK: Ben Timond [sp] lived next door to us. Jerry Siegel and Mimi Siegel.\nJavis Horonowitz [sp]. The Zells. The Klughs. Our kids were friendly with the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zells and the Siegels. They all went to the Hebrew Academy together. That\nneighborhood, my wife and I talk about it, that we've had more interaction in\nour new house between our neighbors in 10 months than we had in 31 years when we\nlived on Eldorado Drive.\n\nCOHEN: I find that funny. I would think nowadays to be the opposite. Good, I'm\nhappy for you.\n\nMINSK: We'll see what happens. On the street, there's about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"24 homes. I think\nthere's about 10 Jewish families in the neighborhood. And, of course a lot of\nJewish . . .10 Jewish families on that street. A lot of Jewish families in the\nneighborhood. We're close to Beth Jacob, which is why we built the house so that\nthe kids could walk to shul.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me about your children. Who are they?\n\nMINSK: Got three children. Ronnie is our oldest. He has been married for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about\nthree years to a girl [Gail] who my wife introduced him to. She was a student at\nEmory in med school. She was over at our house with a friend who was visiting my\ndaughter. When they came in the house, there was a boy with them. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My wife didn't\nknow who went with who. Somewhere in the conversation, Gail asked my wife if she\nknew anybody she could date. My son was working in Washington [DC] then, and she\nwas from Silver Springs [Maryland]. She said, \"I have a son in Washington. Give\nme your phone number, and I'll see if he'll call you up.\" Well, he called her\nup. They went out once, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was the last time he ever went out with anybody\nelse, I think.\n\nCOHEN: What a nice story. What is her name?\n\nMINSK: Her name is Gail. She's a physician. She's at John Hopkins doing her\nfellowship on the delivery of healthcare services.\n\nCOHEN: Do they have any children?\n\nMINSK: No children. I have a middle daughter, Elisa [Minsk Hartstein]. She\nmarried an eye surgeon. She lives in St. Louis [Missouri]. Wendy [Minsk Solon]\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is single. She lives in Atlanta. She works for [unintelligible].\n\nCOHEN: So, no grandchildren yet.\n\nMINSK: No grandchildren. All three of my kids went to the Hebrew Academy and\nYeshiva High [School]. I personally was upset that more people don't go to\nYeshiva, and so I've been involved in the formation of the new Jewish high\nschool with the hopes that after we've been in business ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for 10 years, we will\nhave 200 kids, whereas Yeshiva has been in business for 25 and don't have but 200.\n\nCOHEN: Tell me what are your thoughts on that. Why aren't kids going to Yeshiva?\n\nMINSK: Number one, I think that people are interested in being Jewish but\nthey're not interested in being intensively Jewish.\n\nCOHEN: I'd agree with that.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MINSK: There's a mix of people at Yeshiva High. I would suppose 10 or 15 percent\nare there because they wouldn't send their kids to a non-Jewish high school. Of\ncourse, the intensely Orthodox people don't have their kids in Atlanta, anyway.\nThen you've got other people who don't want to send their kids to a Christian\nschool and other people who are looking for a good private school in Yeshiva.\nIt's a good private school but they just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have not been able to attract the\nmainstream. It could be that the name scares off a lot of people. The perception\nof that school is different than probably what it is.\n\nCOHEN: I would agree.\n\nMINSK: Of course, they're more interested, I suppose, with perception than\ngetting kids. I don't think that you have to necessarily water down the program\nin order to be attractive. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll see how this new high school plays out.\n\nCOHEN: I just met the new headmaster.\n\nMINSK: Dick Hanson or [unintelligible].\n\nMINSK: [Unintelligible]. He was at our synagogue this weekend.\n\nCOHEN: Where do you go to shul?\n\nMINSK: [Congregation] Ariel.\n\nCOHEN: You mentioned Hebrew Academy. Can you tell me about your involvement\nthere and your children's?\n\nMINSK: My partner Henry has been involved forever ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over there. I was on the board\nearly on. My wife, we enrolled our children there. My wife for a couple of\nyears, -until we had our first child, she taught in public school. Then when our\nchildren, the youngest one got in kindergarten, she was home. Then she went to\nwork at the [Atlanta Jewish] Community Center for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"several years. Then she got a\njob at the Academy at the Hebrew School in the Early Childhood Department.\nToday, she is head of the Early Childhood Department at the Academy. As I say,\nI'm a past president of the Academy. I'm still active on different committees. I\ngo to all the board meetings. In fact, I was at school last night mainly to see\na project that my wife was involved with. We have been ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pleasantly pleased by the\nfact that there are now four other, well, three other grammar schools. You've\ngot Torah Day [School of Atlanta], Davis [Academy], Epstein [School]. Some\npeople perceive the other schools as competition, but they're not competition.\n\nCOHEN: Not for everybody.\n\nMINSK: The worst thing that can happen to the Academy is if these schools ran a\nbad school. If they run a good school, it would help. That's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my perception.\nThey're all successful, and that's great. I would say to them, another two or\nthree years, when Davis maxes out, you'll see another school because the Academy\npractically can take more kids, but effectively can't. What I mean by that is,\nwhereas right now they' re full in the first and second grade, and it could be\nthat in the third grade they might have 50 kids ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in three classes. They could\nreally accommodate 60 kids in three classes. You can't put a fourth grader in a\nthird-grade class. I mean, you can only take people where there is space. Even\nwith the addition, I can't foresee that Epstein could more than 650 kids. Then\nDavis, as I say. Right now, when the population ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in school gets up to be 2,100,\n2,200 in grammar school, you're going to have to have another school. Somebody\nwill figure out how to form one.\n\nCOHEN: It's what is so special about living in Atlanta now. What are some of the\nother organizations you are involved in?\n\nMINSK: Synagogue.\n\nCOHEN: Can you tell me about your involvement in Shearith Israel?\n\nMINSK: I'm a past president of Shearith Israel. I go to shul regularly, mainly\nas a discipline to show myself that I can do something if I want to do it. I go\non Saturday morning even during tax season, even though ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I might leave early or\nget there late. Sometimes I've been known to come in here early on Saturday\nmorning and then drive over there just to be there. I'm involved now. I'm on the\nboard of [Jewish] Federation [of Greater Atlanta]. I'm on the Endowment\nCommittee. Then there's another committee that reviews the financial reports of\nthe agencies as they submit their request for budget. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't do as much as I\nshould at Federation, but I do as much as I want to, I suppose. What I'm\ninvolved in is what I'm trained professionally to do.\n\nCOHEN: What are your feelings about Israel?\n\nMINSK: I'm a lifetime member of the ZOA for 45 years.\n\nCOHEN: That's a lot.\n\nMINSK: My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather is buried there. My father, when he came to this country,\nhis sister went to Israel. She's buried there. My Grandfather Eizenstat, his\nfather is buried in Israel. We found his grave. He was buried in Israel in 1903.\n\nCOHEN: What was his name?\n\nMINSK: I don't know. It's Eizenstat.\n\nCOHEN: How about the other grandfather that is buried over there?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MINSK: No, the great-grandfather is over there. My grandfather is Esar\nEizenstat, and my great grandfather is his father. I tell you, I don't recall\nwhat his first name is. But we found his grave, and it says Eizenstat.\n\nCOHEN: What would you say some of the most important influences in your life\nhave been?\n\nMINSK: Brandeis Camp and being around Harry and Herman Popkin and Henry Birnbrey.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: What was it about the camp? Just learning about Judaism?\n\nMINSK: No, learning about the wonders of the Jewish people, that we're all in\nthis together. Henry didn't ask if you were Reform or if you were intermarried\nor what.\n\nCOHEN: Sure didn't.\n\nMINSK: We don't understand that. I think it's a lack of mutual respect. Of\ncourse, there's a lot of self-hate. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In having discussions about the new high\nschool, somebody made a comment to me about their policies on services. How it's\njust tolerable. If we can have services and there's a demand for it, we'll have\nservices of whatever denomination people want to have a service for. I don't\nthink you can superimpose something on people. I do think that everybody ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will\nhave to attend a service. I think that that's going to be part of their\nrequirements. But if they can have enough people to get an Orthodox man, they\ncan have an Orthodox man and they can have enough people to have an egalitarian\nmember. With anybody, this particular person is upset about the fact that when\ngirls would participate, yet his son is a member of a Conservative synagogue,\nprobably the most egalitarian synagogue in town. No, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his daughter, rather.\nYou're dealing with a social problem rather than a theological problem. I think\nif women weren't working like they used to not work, I don't think you'd have\nthis peculiar climate. But everybody wants to do what everybody else is doing.\n\nCOHEN: Personally, it doesn't bother me to sit separate. I actually like it.\nAnyway, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do you see as the future of the Jewish community here in Atlanta?\nYou said you see us having more schools. Any other visions?\n\nMINSK: The Federation has just come out with a population study. I'm partially\nthe way through with the population study. I hadn't read their marketing study.\nBut they have got to figure out a way to get people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to identify as being Jewish.\nThe problem that you have today, that in order to identify, it costs money. I\ndon't care how much money you got, it's always too expensive. One indication in\nthat marketing study was that the median income of synagogue members is higher\nthan the median income of the community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which means that poor people don't\njoin. I know that all synagogues . . . I don't know all synagogues. I know the\nsynagogues that I talk about. Our synagogue. I know AA. I talk to people at Beth\nJacob. I talk to people at O.V. [Or VeShalom] Everybody has the same problem.\nWhat is y'all's policy? How do y'all when somebody asks for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"financial aid? Well,\nthe synagogues don't have a formal policy like the schools. I mean, the schools\nyou fill out a form and turn in your tax return. A committee reviews it. The\nsynagogue is more or less one on one with the executive director. But people are\nreluctant to go in and say, \"Is there some way I can come in?\" I know that AA\nhas tried. Shearith Israel has tried to make membership for people under 30\n[years of age], $25 or $30. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then when they hit 30, it goes up to $300, they\nquit. It's not because they can't afford the $300. But if you don't have some\nsort of formal affiliation, you can't really maintain the Jewish population, I\nmean, on an organized basis. You just have a community of Jews. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I say,\nwithout organized activity, you just fade away. Maybe someday they'll figure out\nhow to do that. I don't know. See, some people think that center is cronyism.\nYou know, what's Jewish about playing basketball? You got Jews playing. That's\nwhat Jewish about it. The old story, what's Jewish music? If Leonard Bernstein\nwrites ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Candide, is that Jewish music? [Unintelligible] writes The Messiah. Is\nthat Jewish music? Who knows.\n\nCOHEN: How have you transmitted your values to your children?\n\nMINSK: We sent them to day school. We didn't make sure. I think they knew that\nJudaism was important to us. We maintained a kosher home. We never went out on\nFriday night ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we were home. I think that was important. The fact that our\nkids were in day school, there was a lot less pressure on us to go to the\nfootball game on Friday night. It's hard to say that we were heroes because we\ntraveled a lot. Once a year, for 20 years we went with the kids on a vacation.\nAll of our kids all over the world. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Friday and Saturday were just other days. If\nwe were somewhere where we could continue to go to synagogue, we would go just\nas a tourist occasion.\n\nCOHEN: Right.\n\nMINSK: It wasn't that the Shabbos was different. It wasn't sanctified though. We\nalways had a big seder. The seders were always at our home. We had a seder ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this\npast year. We had 35 people. My brothers all come over. I don't think that we,\nme and my wife, have not gone to a seder outside of our home since we were\nmarried except to my mother's or her mother's. The family comes over to our house.\n\nCOHEN: I have more respect for Betty. I have more respect for Betty. It' s a lot\ndoing a seder.\n\nMINSK: Two of my daughters are shomer Shabbos now. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The daughter that lives in\nSt. Louis, married someone who is shomer Shabbos. My son and his wife maintain a\nkosher home. All through college, my daughter roomed with a Catholic girl, and\nthey had a kosher kitchen. The Catholic girl was very respectful about that.\n\nCOHEN: Anything else you would like to add that I missed?\n\nMINSK: I know that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our parents never talked about where they came from. I know\nthe Holocaust people up until the last 10 years never talked about what they\nwent through. I think that for whatever reason, this is sad. Whenever Roots came\nout, my son got interested in genealogy. We got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a family tree at our house that\nmust have 500 names on it. We talked to a couple of cousins outside of Atlanta.\nOne of them in Baltimore described his experience in leaving Russia on the way\nto the United States where they hid in wagons under logs. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then went so far and\nthen had to walk across the frozen field swampland that in certain places\nweren't so firm, the ice was not so firm, so they fell into the cold water.\nNever heard any of this. There's a cousin in New York, Dr. Golden. He described\ngrowing up with my father. They lived in, I don't know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what kind of distance,\nbut it was in the same community. I suppose then, two miles is a long way. In\nfact, I have just been reading Pride and Prejudice. Or, not reading, I listen to\nit on tape. I was thinking. Well, you know, when somebody had a party, it wasn't\na matter of calling up somebody and saying, \"We're going to have a party in two\nweeks at nine o'clock.\" You had to send out a letter, and you never knew how\nmany people were going to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stay. When they came to your party, they had to go\nhome. They couldn't ride from Atlanta to Hapeville on the buggy. Maybe they did.\nI don't know for certain. It's sad, as I say, that we did not really that our\nparents did not talk to us or that we didn't probe them and ask them what life\nwas back in Russia. The only thing that I can just thinking back now ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the top\nof my head, I do recall that my father said when he was bar mitzvahed, they just\ncalled him to the Torah. They might have had a bottle of whiskey at shul, but\nthat was the end of that. Of course, I suppose everybody could read Hebrew. It\nwasn't like somebody getting up today at synagogue and say, \"Now, I'm going to\nread you from the editorial page of the Atlanta Constitution.\"\n\nCOHEN: Right.\n\nMINSK: Somebody would say, \"What's the big deal?\" But as I say, I feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fortunate\nthat over the years I have made a good living and I have had a lot of fun doing\nit. I got married when I was 36, and I wound up meeting somebody that knows how\nto work as hard as I know how to work. That's good because we each like what\nwe're doing and we work hard at it. As I say, my wife has devoted a lot of time\nnot only to her children but to other people's children.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/transcript/58155/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: What a lovely note to end on. Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4650.0,4680.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBelarus was known as Belorussia or White Russia until it gained its independence in 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed. It is in Eastern Europe and was the smallest of the three Slavic republics included in Soviet Union (the other two were Russia and Ukraine). Belarus continues to maintain close ties with Russia. The capital city Minsk was almost entirely rebuilt after the destruction of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYitzhak Yisrael Esar Eizenstat (1871-1965) buried in Petah Tikvah, Israel. Also spelled Ezor Eizenstat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Georgia Dome was a domed stadium located in Atlanta between downtown to the east and Vine City to the west. It was owned and operated by the State of Georgia as part of the Georgia World Congress Center Authority. Its successor, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, was built adjacent to the south and opened in 2017. The Georgia Dome was demolished on November 20, 2017. The Georgia Dome was the home stadium for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL) and the Georgia State University Panthers football team. It hosted two Super Bowls (XXVIII and XXXIV), 25 editions of the Peach Bowl (January 1993–December 2016) and 23 SEC Championship Games (1994−2016). In addition, the Georgia Dome also hosted several soccer matches since 2009 with attendances over 50,000. In its 25 years of operation, the Georgia Dome hosted over 1,400 events attended by over 37 million people. The Georgia Dome was the only stadium in the United States to host the Olympics, Super Bowl and Final Four. At its debut in 1992, the Georgia Dome was the second-largest covered stadium in the world by capacity.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePogrom is a Russian word meaning \"to wreak havoc, to demolish violently\" that historically refers to violent attacks on by local non-Jewish populations on Jews. Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire were large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting that first began in the 19th century. Pogroms began occurring after the Russian Empire acquired territories with large Jewish populations from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Ottoman Empire during 1772–1815.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Russian Revolution refers to two periods of political unrest in the beginning of the 20th century. The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a wave of mass political and social unrest. It included worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies. It coincided with a series of violent pogroms that saw many Jews emigrated from the Russian Empire. The First Russian Revolution did not overthrow the Tsarist autocracy or eliminate the restrictions placed on the Jewish population of the Pale of Settlement, but it did give rise to Russia's first democratically elected parliament and resulted in some improved opportunities for Jews within the Russian Empire. During the final phase of World War I, in 1917, another revolution took place, which replaced Russia's traditional monarchy with the world's first communist state. Although the new communist government replaced the centuries-old official antisemitism of the Tzars, deeply ingrained antisemitic attitudes made Jews suspects of potential opposition. Communist ideology asked Jews to assimilate and not to identify as anything but loyal to the state and religious leaders were jailed and executed as political enemies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960’s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary. In 2002, they officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGirls’ High School was one of seven schools as part of the original Atlanta public school system. It opened in 1872, and was the only public school in the area exclusively for girls. In 1947, Atlanta high schools became co-educational, and Girls’ High was renamed Roosevelt High School, which in turn closed in 1985 when it merged with Hoke Smith High School to become Southside High School (now Maynard H. Jackson High School). As of 2022, the building formerly housing Girls’ High School in the Grant Park neighborhood is a luxury apartment complex.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShul\u003c/em\u003e is a Yiddish word for synagogue that is derived from a German word meaning “school,” and emphasizes the synagogue's role as a place of study\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBubbe\u003c/em\u003e is a Yiddish nickname for “Grandma.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim was founded in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. The final service in that building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United Hebrew School was created by leaders of Ahavath Achim Congregation and housed in the Jewish Education Alliance building. When the congregation moved to a larger synagogue, two or three classrooms were designated in the building’s basement for the school. A Sunday school was developed in the early 1920s to augment the activities of the United Hebrew School. Women members organized themselves into a sisterhood in September, 1920 and took upon themselves the task of developing and expanding the Sunday school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Tobias Geffen (1870-1970) was an Orthodox rabbi and leader of Congregation Shearith Israel in Atlanta from 1910-1970. He is widely known for his 1935 decision that certified Coca-Cola as kosher. He also organized the first Hebrew school in Atlanta, and standardized regulation of kosher supervision in the Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Epstein, the formerly Orthodox congregation began to shift to Conservative Judaism, and officially joined the United Synagogue of America (now the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism), in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) is an international youth-led fraternal organization for Jewish teenage boys. Its sister organization for teenage girls is B'nai B'rith Girls (BBG). B'nai B'rith Youth Organization, now BBYO, is an umbrella organization including Jewish teens in both AZA and BBG.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTurner Field was a baseball park located in Atlanta, Georgia. From 1997 to 2016, it served as the home ballpark to the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB). Originally built as Centennial Olympic Stadium in 1996 to serve as the centerpiece of the 1996 Summer Olympics, the stadium was converted into a baseball park to serve as the new home for the Braves. Turner Field is located less than one block from the site of the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, their home ballpark from 1966 to 1996. When the Braves moved to a new stadium, SunTrust Park, which opened in north Atlanta in 2016, the stadium was reconfigured for the second time, redesigned for college football as Georgia State University Stadium, which was renamed Center Parc Credit Union Stadium in 2019. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: holy] is a hymn of praises to God found in the Jewish prayer service that is recited aloud while standing. The central theme of the \u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e is the magnification and sanctification of God's name. Along with the \u003cem\u003eShema\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAmidah\u003c/em\u003e, the \u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e is one of the most important and central elements in the Jewish liturgy. Mourner's \u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e is said at all prayer services and certain other occasions. Following the death of a parent, child, spouse, or sibling it is customary to recite the Mourner's \u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e in the presence of a congregation daily for 30 days, or 11 months in the case of a parent, and then at every anniversary of the death. It is important to note that the Mourner's \u003cem\u003eKaddish\u003c/em\u003e does not mention death at all, but instead praises God.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Or VeShalom was established by refugees of the Ottoman Empire, namely from Turkey and the Isle of Rhodes.  The congregation began in 1920 and was based at Central and Woodward Avenues until 1948 when it moved to a larger building on North Highland Road.  The current building for OrVeshalom is on North Druid Hills Road.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Civic Center was built in 1967 on the site of Ripley Street and part of Currier Street in the Buttermilk Bottom community. It was partly built as the city's convention center but was quickly superseded in 1976 by the state-run Georgia World Congress Center. It closed in 2014. The theater, which seated 4,600, regularly hosted touring productions of Broadway musicals, concerts, seminars, comedy acts, and high school graduations and commencement ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBass High School was built in 1923 as a Junior High School serving Inman Park, Little Five Points, Morningside, East Atlanta, Kirkwood and Druid Hills. The school was changed to a high school in 1947. The school closed in 1990 and converted to apartments known as The Bass Lofts in 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoys’ High School was founded in 1924. It later merged with Tech High and became coeducational and became known as Henry W. Grady High School. It is part of the Atlanta Public School System. It has had many notable alumni, including S. Truett Cathy, the founder of Chick-fil-A. It is located in Midtown Atlanta. In 2020, the Atlanta School Board voted to rename the school “Midtown High School” beginning in the 2021-2022 school year.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Sound of Music\u003c/em\u003e is a 1965 American musical drama film produced and directed by Robert Wise, and starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer. The film is an adaptation of the 1959 stage musical, composed by Richard Rodgers, with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II. The film's screenplay was written by Ernest Lehman, adapted from the stage musical's book by Lindsay and Crouse. Based on the 1949 memoir \u003cem\u003eThe Story of the Trapp Family Singers\u003c/em\u003e by Maria von Trapp, the film is about a young Austrian postulant who, in 1938, is sent to the villa of a retired naval officer and widower to be governess to his seven children. \u003cem\u003eThe Sound of Music\u003c/em\u003e received five Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Music Man\u003c/em\u003e is a 1962 American musical film directed and produced by Morton DaCosta, based on Meredith Willson's 1957 Broadway musical of the same name. Released by Warner Bros. on June 19, 1962, the film was one of the biggest hits of the year and was widely acclaimed by critics. It was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture. It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. In 2005, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eHaggadah\u003c/em\u003e is a Jewish text that sets forth the order of the Passover \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e. Reading the \u003cem\u003eHaggadah\u003c/em\u003e at the \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e table is a fulfillment of the scriptural commandment to each Jew to “tell your son” of the Jewish liberation from slavery in Egypt as described in the Book of Exodus in the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeder\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of \u003cem\u003eNisan\u003c/em\u003e in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e on both the first two nights of Passover. The \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLaunched in 1941, \u003cem\u003eEllery Queen’s Mystery Magazine\u003c/em\u003e is credited with setting the standard for the modern crime and mystery short story. The magazine has received more than 100 awards, including more than 20 Edgars from the Mystery Writers of American, and more than 40 Nobel, Pulitzer, and National Book Award winners have appeared in its pages. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e'\u003cem\u003eZeyde\u003c/em\u003e’ is Yiddish for “old man” but meant in an affectionate sort of way.  It has come to mean ‘Grandpa.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e (Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos\u003c/em\u003e (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKosher/\u003cem\u003eKashrut\u003c/em\u003e is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term \u003cem\u003ekashér\u003c/em\u003e, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). In colloquial English, kosher often means \"legitimate,\" \"acceptable,\" \"permissible,\" \"genuine,\" or \"authentic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePassover [Hebrew: \u003cem\u003ePesach\u003c/em\u003e] is the anniversary of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. Although enslaved by the Pharaoh, the Israelites continued to survive and even increase in numbers. Dismayed, the Pharaoh declared that all sons born to Hebrew women must be killed, but Hebrew midwives defied the Pharaoh’s decree. One mother, who had given birth to a son, placed him in a basket in the Nile River. The baby was found by none other than the Pharaoh’s daughter, who scooped him up, named him Moses, and raised him as her own. When Moses had grown up, God spoke to Moses saying that he, along with his brother Aaron, would be the one to take the Israelites out of Egypt. Moses challenged the Pharaoh, demanding freedom for the Israelites. When the Pharaoh refused, God sent a series of plagues upon the Pharaoh and Egyptian people. There were 10 plagues in total: blood, frogs, lice, wild beasts, diseases, boils, hail, locusts, darkness, and the most severe of all, the death of every Egyptian first-born son. In order to protect the Israelite children from the Angel of Death, the Israelites marked their doors with lamb’s blood, so that their houses would be passed over (hence the holiday name, “Passover”). Finally, Pharaoh surrendered and ordered the Israelites to leave Egypt. The Israelites were in such a hurry to leave Egypt that their bread had no time to rise. Pharaoh had also soon changed his mind and sent his armies after the Israelites. When the Israelites came to the Red Sea, they were trapped until God miraculously parted the sea. As soon as they passed through, the sea closed up, saving them from the Egyptians and beginning the Israelites’ epic journey to the Promised Land.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHametz\u003c/em\u003e (Hebrew) is a food forbidden for use by Jews during the festival of Passover, especially a baked food, as bread or cake, made with leaven or a leavening agent. A dish, kitchen utensil, or the like used in preparing or serving such food is similarly forbidden for use during Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGefilte fish is a dish similar to a meatloaf, made out of ground fish, onions, starch and eggs. It is traditionally enjoyed by Ashkenazi Jews on Shabbat and Jewish holidays. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKiddush\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: sanctification] is a blessing recited over wine or grape juice to sanctify the Sabbath and Jewish holidays. In many synagogues congregants gather for \u003cem\u003eKiddush\u003c/em\u003e reception after the Friday night or Saturday morning service to recite the blessing over wine or grape juice and have something to eat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHenry Birnbrey (1923-2021) is an Atlanta certified public accountant and attorney who emigrated from Dortmund, Germany to the United States on a \u003cem\u003eKindertransport\u003c/em\u003e in 1938 sponsored by the Birmingham, Alabama section of National Council of Jewish Women. He resided in foster homes and in the Hebrew Orphans' Home in Atlanta after his arrival in America. He served two terms as President of the Hebrew Academy of Atlanta during which time it became the first Jewish Day School in the United States to receive accreditation from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). He was in the United States Army during World War II. He participated in the invasion of Normandy and witnessed the liberation of concentration camp victims at the end of the war. Henry’s oral history is in the Herbert and Esther Taylor Oral History Project’s collection.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYoung Judaea is a peer-led Zionist youth movement founded in 1909 for Jewish youth in grades 2–12. Its programs include youth clubs, conventions, summer camps and Israel programs that provide experiential programming through which Jewish youth and young adults build meaningful relationships with their peers, emphasize social action, and develop a lifelong commitment to Jewish life, the Jewish people, and Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrandeis University is a private research college located in Waltham, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1948, as a non-sectarian, co-ed university sponsored by the Jewish community. The university was named for Louis Brandeis, the first Jewish United States Supreme Court Justice.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerman M. Popkin (1918-2002) was born in Augusta, Georgia. He served in the Signal Corps during World War II. After the war, he accepted a position as the regional director for the Zionist Youth Program before co-founding Blue Star Camps in Henderson County with his brothers Harry and Ben in 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a movement which supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1920 the \u003cem\u003eHadassah\u003c/em\u003e national convention, the Women’s Zionist Organization of America, adopted a resolution to create the Junior \u003cem\u003eHadassah\u003c/em\u003e for girls 18 to 21.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCamp Judaea is a Jewish, Israel-centered summer camp for boys and girls ages seven through fifteen. It was established in 1961 near the town of Henderson, in the mountains of western North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1897, the Zionist Organization of America is the oldest pro-Israel organization in the United States. It is dedicated to educating the public, elected officials, media, and college/high school students about Israel and to promoting strong United States-Israel relations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHadassah\u003c/em\u003e, the Women’s Zionist Organization of America, is a volunteer service organization founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold. It currently has over 300,000 members and supporters worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBlue Star Camps is a Jewish summer camp for children ages 6-16 located in Hendersonville, North Carolina. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International [Hebrew: Children of the Covenant] is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnited Synagogue Youth (USY) and Kadima are the official youth organizations of the Conservative movement of Judaism. USY was founded in 1951 and has grown from a handful of chapters to an international organization with thousands of high school age members. In 1964, Kadima was formalized as a separate entity for pre-USY age young people. USY was conceived as a means of meeting the social, educational, religious, and recreational needs of Jewish teenagers. The organization seeks to involve teenagers in synagogue life and help build the Jewish community of the future. As a Zionist organization, it also works to build a relationship between Israel and Jewish youth in America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRamah Darom (Ramah of the South) is a Jewish overnight camp and retreat center in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in North Georgia. It opened in 1997. The camp is affiliated with the National Ramah Commission, the national parent organization that oversees all Ramah overnight camps, day camps, and Israel programs. Ramah is sponsored by the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, a main hub for Conservative Judaism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouthern Israelite\u003c/em\u003e, now the \u003cem\u003eAtlanta Jewish Times\u003c/em\u003e, is a newspaper with the mission to create a sense of community throughout the geographically dispersed Jewish people of greater Atlanta through the timely dissemination of local and national news; support of local synagogue, nonprofit, and cultural endeavors and events; thought-provoking dialogue and debate on current issues and Jewish ideas; and the strengthening of the bonds and understanding of Jewish culture, tradition, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the Written Torah and the Oral Law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCamp Barney Medintz is an overnight Jewish summer camp near Cleveland, Georgia, in the North Georgia mountains. It was founded in 1963 and in 1961 named in memory of Barney Medintz, a prominent Jewish leader in Atlanta, who died in 1960. It is owned by the Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCapitol Homes was a public housing development located in downtown Atlanta, Georgia. Completed in 1941, Capitol Homes was initially segregated for white families. The development was demolished in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the support of the United Nations, principally from the United States). The war began on June 25, 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the south. The war ended unofficially on July 27, 1953 in an armistice.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the \u003cem\u003eshofar\u003c/em\u003e (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in Atlanta in 1953, the Katherine and Jacob Greenfield Hebrew Academy (GHA), originally known as The Hebrew Academy, was the first Jewish day school in the country to be accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. In 2014, GHA merged with Yeshiva Atlanta high school to become what is now Atlanta Jewish Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The congregation first met in a rented grocery store on Parkway Drive. It moved to a permanent location on Boulevard when it purchased and renovated a two-story apartment building. In 1956, it converted the Tabernacle Baptist Church on Boulevard to a synagogue. It built its current synagogue building on a five-acre lot on LaVista Road in 1961. Rabbi Joseph Safra was the congregation’s first permanent rabbi in 1951, followed by Rabbi Emanuel Feldman from 1952 to 1991. Rabbi Ilan Feldman has been the congregation’s Senior Rabbi since his father Emanuel’s retirement in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYeshiva High School of Atlanta was founded on August 28, 1970 by ten individuals who were concerned with the rising tide of intermarriage and assimilation of Jews in the Atlanta area. The first class consisted of 12 students. It was a modern Orthodox high school with a mission to offer well-rounded, Torah-based, college-preparatory education to young Jewish men and women. The school, located in Doraville, Georgia, a northeastern suburb of Atlanta, was later known as Yeshiva Atlanta, or “YA.” On July 1, 2014, the school merged with the Katherine and Jacob Greenfield Hebrew Academy, a Jewish day school serving children from kindergarten through 8th grades. The new combined school, known as the Atlanta Jewish Academy, opened for the 2014-2015 school year at Greenfield Hebrew Academy’s campus in Sandy Springs, a suburb north of Atlanta. Atlanta Jewish Academy, like Yeshiva Atlanta before it, is governed by modern Orthodox principles.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Ariel is an Orthodox synagogue, located in Dunwoody, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta. It was founded in 1993. The current Senior Rabbi (as of 2022) is Binyomin Friedman, who has led the congregation since 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Center was officially founded in 1910, as the Jewish Educational Alliance. In the late 1940s it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to the suburb of Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. It is an affiliate of the Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYitzhak Yisrael Esar Eizenstat (1871-1965) buried in Petah Tikvah, Israel. Also spelled Ezor Eizenstat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as Masorti Judaism, Conservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual, but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. In general, Conservative congregations also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis, and \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e). The governing body for Conservative Judaism in the United States is the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism (USCJ), formerly known as the United Synagogue of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Or VeShalom was established by refugees of the Ottoman Empire, namely from Turkey and the Isle of Rhodes.  The congregation began in 1920 and was based at Central and Woodward Avenues until 1948 when it moved to a larger building on North Highland Road.  The current building for OrVeshalom is on North Druid Hills Road.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeonard Bernstein (1918-1990) born Louis Bernstein in Lawrence, Massachusetts, he was the son of Ukrainian-Jewish parents, Jennie (Resnick) and Samuel Joseph Bernstein, both of whom immigrated to the United States from Rivne (now in Ukraine). He was an American conductor, composer, pianist, music educator, author, and humanitarian. Considered to be one of the most important conductors of his time, he was the first American conductor to receive international acclaim. As a composer he wrote in many genres, including symphonic and orchestral music, ballet, film and theatre music, choral works, opera, chamber music and works for the piano. His best-known work is the Broadway musical West Side Story, which continues to be regularly performed worldwide, and has been adapted into two (1961 and 2021) feature films. His works include three symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's \"Symposium\", the original score for the film \u003cem\u003eOn the Waterfront\u003c/em\u003e, and theater works including \u003cem\u003eOn the Town\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eWonderful Town\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCandide\u003c/em\u003e, and his \u003cem\u003eMASS\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCandide\u003c/em\u003e is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire. The operetta was first performed in 1956 when it opened on Broadway as a musical at the Martin Beck Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe word \u003cem\u003eshomer\u003c/em\u003e is Hebrew for “to guard, watch, or preserve.” Someone who is \u003cem\u003eshomer Shabbat\u003c/em\u003e or \u003cem\u003eshomer mitzvot\u003c/em\u003e is a person who observes commandments [\u003cem\u003emitzvot\u003c/em\u003e] for the Jewish Sabbath from sundown Friday evening until sundown Saturday evening. This includes refraining from work activities and driving, as well as many other prohibitions\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the years immediately following World War II, survivors typically referred to the systematic state-sponsored killing of Jews as Sho’ah [Hebrew: catastrophe] or Hurban [Yiddish and Hebrew: destruction]. Scholars and writers popularized the term holocaust [from the Greek word holokauston, which is a translation of the Hebrew word olah, meaning a burnt sacrifice offered to G-d] in the 1960s and by the late 1970s, it had become widely used.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRoots\u003c/em\u003e is an American television miniseries based on Alex Haley's 1976 novel \u003cem\u003eRoots: The Saga of an American Family\u003c/em\u003e, set during and after the era of slavery in the United States. The series first aired on ABC in January 1977. Roots received 37 Primetime Emmy Award nominations and won nine. It also won a Golden Globe and a Peabody Award. It received unprecedented Nielsen ratings for the finale, which holds the record as the third-highest-rated episode for any type of television series and the second-most-watched overall series finale in U.S. television history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePride and Prejudice\u003c/em\u003e is an 1813 novel of manners by Jane Austen. \u003cem\u003ePride and Prejudice\u003c/em\u003e has consistently appeared near the top of lists of \"most-loved books\" among literary scholars and the reading public. It has become one of the most popular novels in English literature, with over 20 million copies sold, and has inspired many derivatives in modern literature. For more than a century, dramatic adaptations, reprints, unofficial sequels, films, and TV versions of \u003cem\u003ePride and Prejudice\u003c/em\u003e have portrayed the memorable characters and themes of the novel, reaching mass audiences.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: teaching] is a general term that covers all Jewish law including the vast mass of teachings recorded in the \u003cem\u003eTalmud\u003c/em\u003e and other rabbinical works. “\u003cem\u003eSefer Torah\u003c/em\u003e” refers to the sacred scroll on which the first five books of the Bible (the \u003cem\u003ePentateuch\u003c/em\u003e) are written, but it is often shortened simply to \"\u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e\" in casual speech and writing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/annotation_set/1158/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Atlanta Journal-Constitution\u003c/em\u003e (AJC) is a major daily newspaper in the metropolitan area of Atlanta, Georgia. The newspaper is the result of the merger between \u003cem\u003eThe Atlanta Journal\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eThe Atlanta Constitution\u003c/em\u003e. Separate publication of the morning \u003cem\u003eConstitution\u003c/em\u003e and afternoon \u003cem\u003eJournal\u003c/em\u003e ended in 2001. The \u003cem\u003eConstitution\u003c/em\u003e, as it was originally known, was first published in 1868. Its name changed to \u003cem\u003eThe Atlanta Constitution\u003c/em\u003e in 1869. \u003cem\u003eThe Atlanta Journal\u003c/em\u003e was established in 1883.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=4590.0,4620.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Malcolm Minsk [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malcom's parents' families and Atlanta Jewish neighbors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=18.0,846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: . . . Where and when were you born?\nMINSK: Atlanta, Georgia, January 16, 1929.\nCOHEN: In what hospital were you born in? \nMINSK: Piedmont [Atlanta Hospital], which was then on Capitol Avenue.\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=18.0,846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta (Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Belarus","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dry goods","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emory University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"genealogy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grocery stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish businesspeople","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish families","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish neighborhoods","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jews--Georgia--Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shearith Israel (Atlanta, Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=18.0,846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malcom's friends at synagogue and at school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=846.0,1358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Do you remember some of your childhood friends when you were living above the store?\nMINSK: The Rich family lived on Forrest Avenue. A.B. Israel lived on Forrest Avenue. On Boulevard, we had Alvin Alpern, Erwin Jacobson, Alvin Cohen, Arnold Whiteman, Irving Berlin. Bob Gershon lived up on . . . [unintelligible] Miller, June Ashton [sp], they lived on Boulevard. We all went to Hebrew school together.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=846.0,1358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aleph Zadik Aleph","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta (Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Little Five Points (Atlanta, Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighbors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rabbis","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shearith Israel (Atlanta, Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=846.0,1358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish holidays and Malcom's jobs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1358.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: What are some of your early memories of holidays in your home or at your bubbe's home?\nMINSK: I remember that we used to always have fun at the seder. Course, the seder then, you started at the front of the Haggadah and you went at my grandfather's speed except for saying [unintelligible], which they had to slow down for. But there was very little singing, and there was a lot of talking while the senior men, my uncles and my father and my zeyde, would go through and just read just lickety-split through seder.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1358.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accounting","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emory University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family businesses","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish families","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish holidays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kosher","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seders","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shabbat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1358.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Camp Judea and other Jewish camps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1920.0,2846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Tell me about Masada. You mentioned that.\nMINSK: Masada was a young Zionist group. Henry was active in that. I never was involved with Masada.\nCOHEN: Any other people you know of that were?\nMINSK: I suppose Henry and, golly, Dave Mackerol [sp], who now lives in Israel.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1920.0,2846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brandeis University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Camp Judea (N.C.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadassah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish organizations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kosher","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"North Carolina","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Popkin, Herman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Southern Zionist Youth Commission","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Young Judea","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionist Organization of America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=1920.0,2846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"  Malcom's military service and marrying Betty Gerson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2846.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: That's all right. When you were growing up, did you mix with Jews from other small towns? Did you have any exposure to them?\nMINSK: Only in terms if anybody came to Sunday school.\nCOHEN: Do you know of any families that would drive their children?\nMINSK: There might have been the Ellis Edelson [sp] and the Strumitza from LaGrange.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2846.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta (Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grocery stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish families","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish holidays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Korean War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"military","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Morristown (Tenn.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighbors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"public housing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogues","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple Beth El (Knoxville, Tenn.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=2846.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malcom's children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3438.0,3851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: Tell me about your children. Who are they?\nMINSK: Got three children. Ronnie is our oldest. He has been married for about three years to a girl [Gail] who my wife introduced him to. She was a student at Emory in med school. She was over at our house with a friend who was visiting my daughter. When they came in the house, there was a boy with them.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3438.0,3851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emory University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish families","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Washington, D.C.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3438.0,3851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malcom's thoughts on Jewish culture and identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3851.0,4653.55755"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COHEN: It's what is so special about living in Atlanta now. What are some of the other organizations you are involved in?\nMINSK: Synagogue.\nCOHEN: Can you tell me about your involvement in Shearith Israel?\nMINSK: I'm a past president of Shearith Israel. I go to shul regularly, mainly as a discipline to show myself that I can do something if I want to do it.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3851.0,4653.55755"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260/index/78432/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brandeis University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jews--Georgia--Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kosher","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shearith Israel (Atlanta, Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogues","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionist Organization of America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/107322/file/208260#t=3851.0,4653.55755"}]}]}]}