{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/gf0ms3n02n/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Franco, Ramon"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2025-01-25 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Franco, Ramon (Interviewee)","Arogeti, Joel (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther \u0026amp; Herbert Taylor Jewish Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRamon Franco was interviewed by Joel Arogeti on January 31, 2025, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eRamon Saul Franco was born in Atlanta, Georgia on December 10, 1942. He is the second child born to Joseph and Rachel Saul Franco. His other siblings include Richard, Renee, Robert, and Rita. During World War II, his father worked for the United States Foreign Service and the family was stationed in Bogota, Colombia. The family later returned to Atlanta and his father worked with his brothers in running the family business’ including the Roxy Liquor Store and managing apartment properties. As a child, Ramon and his family attended Congregation Or VeShalom. Ramon attended Samuel Inman Elementary School and later Morning Elementary School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon attended Henry Grady High School and skipped his senior year to attend Emory University. He went to the University of North Carolina for one year, before returning to Emory to complete his degree. Ramon earned his medical degree at Emory University. During the Vietnam War, he served in the Air Force and was stationed in Las Vegas, Nevada. He completed his residency in Los Angeles, California. In 1973, he returned to Atlanta, Georgia and began his practice in otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eDuring high school, Ramon met his future wife, Jody Breen. They dated a few years, broke up when Ramon went to college, and later got back together. They married in August 1964. They have two children, Michael and Rachel. Michael and his wife, Jill, have two daughters and live in New York City. Rachel is not married and lives in Atlanta. Ramon and Jody are members of Congregation Or VeShalom and Ahavath Achim Synagogue. He has served on various synagogue committees and the American Jewish Committee. He and Jody continue to live in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eRamon begins the interview by discussing his family immigration to the United States from the island of Rhodes. He details his family history on both his father and mother’s side of the family. He shares how his parents met and the early years of their marriage. Ramon recalls the family moving to Bogota, Colombia for his father’s job with the US Foreign Service during World War II. He mentions his other siblings being born and what his dad did for a living after returning to the United States from Colombia.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon spoke about where he grew up in Atlanta. He talks about where he attended school and his classmates at elementary and high school. He recalls how the possibly of the schools closing due to desegregation caused him to attend Emory University during his senior year. He details some of the antisemitism he experienced growing up and how it impacted him. He shares how he met his wife Jody Breen and shares about her family. Ramon recalls the influence his grandfather had on him and its impact on what he initially studied at Emory. He mentions attending the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill for his second year of college.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe talks about his friendship with Stuart Eizenstat and his connection to a former Mississippi Congressman. He remembers how his and Jody’s family supported them in getting married while he was in medical school and Jody was in college. Ramon discusses completing medical school and completing his internship in surgery in the Emory Grady System. He describes his experience serving in the Air Force during the Vietnam War, and his son Michael being born while stationed in Las Vegas, Nevada. He discusses completing his residency in Los Angeles and his daughter, Rachel, being born. He reflects on additional experiences with antisemitism.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon shares how he considered taking a position in Winston-Salem, North Carolina and what caused him to return to Atlanta. He discusses his medical practice after returning to Atlanta and what his family life was like. He recalls his and Jody’s involvement in the Atlanta Jewish community. Ramon reflects on the impact that Rabbi Joseph Cohen had on him, and how wonderful his wife, Luisa Cohen was. He talks about his children growing up and their lives now. He discusses how he thinks Atlanta has changed since his youth. He concludes the interview by reflecting on his hope for Atlanta’s Jewish community’s future.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Franco, Ramon (b. 1942) (personal name)","Franco, Jody Breen (b. 1944) (personal name)","Franco, Michael (b. 1968) (personal name)","Franco, Rachel (b. 1971) (personal name)","Franco, Joseph (1910-2008) (personal name)","Franco, Rachel Saul (1913-1998) (personal name)","Franco, Richard (b. 1939) (personal name)","Franco, Norma Renee (b. 1943) (personal name)","Franco, Robert (b. 1953) (personal name)","Gilbert, Rita Franco (b. 1956) (personal name)","Franco, David (1852-1932) (personal name)","Franco, Reina Piha (1972-1966) (personal name)","Saul, Raymond (1886-1953) (personal name)","Saul, Rebecca Amato (1892-1982) (personal name)","Benton, Sue (fka Bohora Sultana) Franco (1882-1971) (personal name)","Benton, William (1903-1960) (personal name)","Franco, Aaron (1906-1918) (personal name)","Franco, Morris (1892-1970) (personal name)","Franco, Victor (1896-1965) (personal name)","Franco, Isaac (1899-1990) (personal name)","Franco, Jack (1904-1999) (personal name)","Franco, Sam (1902-1977) (personal name)","Page, Sarah Franco (1913-1980) (personal name)","Page, Albert (1906-1986) (personal name)","Saul, Sara (1924-1993) (personal name)","Capes, Esther Saul (b. 1929) (personal name)","Umberto II (1904-1983) (personal name)","Franco, Francisco (1892-1975) (personal name)","Franco, Ramón (1896-1938) (personal name)","Wolfe, Thomas Clayton (1900-1938) (personal name)","Cohen, Rabbi Joseph (1896-1985) (personal name)","Cohen, Luisa (1910-2000) (personal name)","Tourial, Sidney R. (b. 1943) (personal name)","Cohen, Dr. Solomon (b. 1943) (personal name)","Cohen, Albert D. (b. 1941) (personal name)","Wolbe, Ellis (b. 1942) (personal name)","Kessler, Jay D. (b. 1942) (personal name)","Silver, Dr. Arthur B. (b. 1942) (personal name)","Herman, Robert (1942-1999) (personal name)","Blass, Joel (1942-2002) (personal name)","Godwin, Rufus (1901-1963) (personal name)","Clonts Jr., John F. (1926-2005) (personal name)","Tenenbaum, Dr. Stanley (b. 1942) (personal name)","Isaacson, Stanley (1942-2021) (personal name)","Marx, Jeanie Franco (b. 1942) (personal name)","Friedman, Barbara “Bonnie” Spindel (b. 1942) (personal name)","Fierman, Carole Weinman (abt. 1942) (personal name)","Licetenstein, Elaine Greenbaum (b. 1942) (personal name)","Crystal, Marylyn Greenbaum (b. 1942) (personal name)","Greenbaum, Jerry (b. 1941) (personal name)","Gurvey, Lois Levin Frank (b. 1943) (personal name)","Klein, Linda Ray (b. 1946) (personal name)","Morris, Charles O. (1908-1973) (personal name)","Estroff, Linda Sims (b. 1944) (personal name)","Leitman, Gladys Moskowitz (b. 1944) (personal name)","Weinstein, Renie Blass (b. 1944) (personal name)","Breen, Lester (1937-2022) (personal name)","Breen, Rebecca “Bea” Kulbersh (1911-2011) (personal name)","Breen, Emanuel “Mike” (1903-2006) (personal name)","Castro, Fidel (1926-2016) (personal name)","Parr, Jack (1918-2004) (personal name)","Mantle, Mickey (1931-1995) (personal name)","Koufax, Sandy (b. 1935) (personal name)","Leonard, Jack E. (1910-1973) (personal name)","Einstein, Albert (1879-1955) (personal name)","Makover, Stanford (1924-2005) (personal name)","Blass, Dr. Michael (1941-2022) (personal name)","Gelber, Harold (b. 1941) (personal name)","Eizenstat, Stuart (b. 1943) (personal name)","Eizenstat, Leo (1911-1986) (personal name)","Eizenstat, Sylvia Medintz (1914-2007) (personal name)","Medintz, Phillip (1942-2023) (personal name)","Sanders, Dr. Henry J. (1941-2003) (personal name)","Dowdy, Wayne (b. 1943) (personal name)","Carter Jr., James “Jimmy (1924-2024) (personal name)","Clinton, William Jefferson (b. 1946) (personal name)","Obama, Barack (b. 1961) (personal name)","Johnson, Lyndon Baines (1908-1973) (personal name)","Reagan, Ronald (1911-2004) (personal name)","Silverman, Dr. Victor (b. 1947) (personal name)","Scheinberg, Dr. Paul (b. 1945) (personal name)","Cohen, Dr. David Max (abt. 1940) (personal name)","Brickman, Dr. Stanley (b. 1931) (personal name)","Rosenberg, Charles (1938-2024) (personal name)","Eidex, Dr. Maxwell (b. 1938) (personal name)","Eidex, Dr. Marshall (1938-2014) (personal name)","Epstein, Rabbi Harry Hyman (1903-2003) (personal name)","Mendel, Edward (b. 1943) (personal name)","Feldman, Rabbi Ilan (b. 1954) (personal name)","Feldman, Rabbi Emanuel (b. 1927) (personal name)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Isle of Rhodes, Greece (geographic term)","Izmir, Turkey (geographic term)","The Ottoman Empire (geographic term)","Asheville, North Carolina (geographic term)","Bogota, Colombia (geographic term)","San Francisco, California (geographic term)","McDonough, Georgia (geographic term)","Las Vegas, Nevada (geographic term)","Altus, Oklahoma (geographic term)","New York, New York (geographic term)","Winston-Salem, North Carolina (geographic term)","Sandy Springs, Georgia (geographic term)","Rocky Mount, North Carolina (geographic term)","Dunwoody, Georgia (geographic term)","Stone Mountain, Georgia (geographic term)","Marietta, Georgia (geographic term)","Roswell, Georgia (geographic term)","Emory University (corporate name)","Agnes Scott College (corporate name)","H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College (corporate name)","Tulane University (corporate name)","Georgia State University (corporate name)","University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (corporate name)","New York University (corporate name)","University of California, Los Angeles (corporate name)","North Carolina State University (corporate name)","University of Pennsylvania (corporate name)","The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (corporate name)","U.S. Foreign Service (corporate name)","Congregation Or VeShalom (corporate name)","Ahavath Achim Synagogue (corporate name)","Congregation Beth Jacob (corporate name)","Temple Sinai (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Roxy Delicatessen (corporate name)","Waldorf Liquor Store (corporate name)","Henry Grady High School (corporate name)","Samual M. Inman Middel School (corporate name)","Morningside Elementary School (corporate name)","William Brothers Construction Company (corporate name)","National Institute of Health (corporate name)","Northside Hospital (corporate name)","Shallowford Hospital (corporate name)","American Jewish Committee of Atlanta (corporate name)","Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta (corporate name)","Jewish Family and Career Services (corporate name)","Atlanta Jewish Community Center (corporate name)","The Epstein School (corporate name)","Ridgeview Charter Middle School (corporate name)","Woodward Academy (corporate name)","Riverwood International Charter School (corporate name)","Peachtree Road United Methodist Church (corporate name)","Morgan Stanley (corporate name)","Goldman Sachs (corporate name)","Vornado Realty Trust (corporate name)","The Dalton School (corporate name)","Camp Barney Medintz (corporate name)","Spanish Inquisition (named event)","Great Depression (named event)","Vietnam War (named event)","Silver Legion of America (Silver Shirts) (topical term)","Sturmabteilung (Brown Shirts) (topical term)","Voluntary Militia for National Society (Black Shirts) (topical term)","Ku Klux Klan (topical term)","Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (topical term)","U.S. Air Force (topical term)","Nellis Air Force Base (topical term)","Randolph Air Force Base (topical term)","AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System) (topical term)","The Berry Plan (topical term)","Sephardic Jews (topical term)","Ashkenazi Jews (topical term)","Antisemitism (topical term)","Otolaryngology (topical term)","Shiva (topical term)","Shabbat (topical term)","Yom Kippur (topical term)","Bar mitzvah (topical term)","Bat mitzvah (topical term)","Bergson, Henri (1859-1941) (personal name)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRamon Franco was interviewed by Joel Arogeti on January 31, 2025, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRamon Saul Franco was born in Atlanta, Georgia on December 10, 1942. He is the second child born to Joseph and Rachel Saul Franco. His other siblings include Richard, Renee, Robert, and Rita. During World War II, his father worked for the United States Foreign Service and the family was stationed in Bogota, Colombia. The family later returned to Atlanta and his father worked with his brothers in running the family business\u0026rsquo; including the Roxy Liquor Store and managing apartment properties. As a child, Ramon and his family attended Congregation Or VeShalom. Ramon attended Samuel Inman Elementary School and later Morning Elementary School.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon attended Henry Grady High School and skipped his senior year to attend Emory University. He went to the University of North Carolina for one year, before returning to Emory to complete his degree. Ramon earned his medical degree at Emory University. During the Vietnam War, he served in the Air Force and was stationed in Las Vegas, Nevada. He completed his residency in Los Angeles, California. In 1973, he returned to Atlanta, Georgia and began his practice in otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eDuring high school, Ramon met his future wife, Jody Breen. They dated a few years, broke up when Ramon went to college, and later got back together. They married in August 1964. They have two children, Michael and Rachel. Michael and his wife, Jill, have two daughters and live in New York City. Rachel is not married and lives in Atlanta. Ramon and Jody are members of Congregation Or VeShalom and Ahavath Achim Synagogue. He has served on various synagogue committees and the American Jewish Committee. He and Jody continue to live in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRamon begins the interview by discussing his family immigration to the United States from the island of Rhodes. He details his family history on both his father and mother\u0026rsquo;s side of the family. He shares how his parents met and the early years of their marriage. Ramon recalls the family moving to Bogota, Colombia for his father\u0026rsquo;s job with the US Foreign Service during World War II. He mentions his other siblings being born and what his dad did for a living after returning to the United States from Colombia.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon spoke about where he grew up in Atlanta. He talks about where he attended school and his classmates at elementary and high school. He recalls how the possibly of the schools closing due to desegregation caused him to attend Emory University during his senior year. He details some of the antisemitism he experienced growing up and how it impacted him. He shares how he met his wife Jody Breen and shares about her family. Ramon recalls the influence his grandfather had on him and its impact on what he initially studied at Emory. He mentions attending the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill for his second year of college.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe talks about his friendship with Stuart Eizenstat and his connection to a former Mississippi Congressman. He remembers how his and Jody\u0026rsquo;s family supported them in getting married while he was in medical school and Jody was in college. Ramon discusses completing medical school and completing his internship in surgery in the Emory Grady System. He describes his experience serving in the Air Force during the Vietnam War, and his son Michael being born while stationed in Las Vegas, Nevada. He discusses completing his residency in Los Angeles and his daughter, Rachel, being born. He reflects on additional experiences with antisemitism.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eRamon shares how he considered taking a position in Winston-Salem, North Carolina and what caused him to return to Atlanta. He discusses his medical practice after returning to Atlanta and what his family life was like. He recalls his and Jody\u0026rsquo;s involvement in the Atlanta Jewish community. Ramon reflects on the impact that Rabbi Joseph Cohen had on him, and how wonderful his wife, Luisa Cohen was. He talks about his children growing up and their lives now. He discusses how he thinks Atlanta has changed since his youth. He concludes the interview by reflecting on his hope for Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s Jewish community\u0026rsquo;s future.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/283/143/small/Franco_Ramon.mp4_1753036204.jpg?1753036209","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Franco_Ramon.mp4"]},"duration":5470.35528,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/283/143/small/Franco_Ramon.mp4_1753036204.jpg?1753036209","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/283/143/original/Franco_Ramon.mp4?1753036197","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":5470.35528,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Franco, Ramon [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Good morning. My name is Joel Arogeti, and I'm a volunteer at the William Breman Museum, the Herbert and Esther Taylor Oral History Project. We're here today in Atlanta, Georgia on January 31, 2025. We have the distinct pleasure of speaking with Dr. Ramon Franco. Dr. Franco, good morning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=0.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Good morning. Pleasure to be here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=22.0,25.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Absolutely and we're here today just to learn a little bit more Dr. Franco about you and your family. If you would share with us a little bit about your family's experience, where were your earliest memories of your grandparents, where were they from, and how did they get to this country?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=25.0,49.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, so they had somewhat of an Atlanta typical Sephardic anthology. My father's family came from the island of Rhodes. There were six brothers, and originally seven brothers, one died in Europe during one of the plagues, and one full sister and one half sister. Then on my mother's side, they had moved from Rhodes to Izmir, Turkey, where a lot the Sephardic community had found great acceptance in the Turkish community. As you know the Ottoman Empire accepted Jews way back during the Inquisition and they've been hospitable to the Sephardim up until recently so now we don't know what the radicalization of Turkey's going to do. But anyway, so my father's family, one by one, usually, came over. I think two of them may have come at the same time. My dad actually applied. He had actually gone to a Jesuit school on the island of Rhodes. He felt that the Jewish Alliance was doing an okay job of teaching, but he was a little more serious academically. He was sort of a rebel and rebelled against his parents and decided to walk over to the Jesuit School on the island of the Rhodes, which was one of the premier Jesuit schools in the entire Italian Empire. It was so well recognized that King Victor Emmanuel III's son at that time was awarding a bronze medal to the valedictorian of the class of the entire school. My dad was valedictorian every year for the last four years of high school, so he was recognized. We still have his bronze medal from King Victor Emmanuel III's son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Why don't you share with us the names of your maternal and paternal grandparents? Because that's one of the things we like naming names and creating and bringing folks to life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=159.0,171.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e My dad's father was David Franco. His mother was Reina Franco who was able to migrate here and died in her early 90's. My mother's father Raymond Saul, R-A-Y-M-O-N-D Saul, S-A U-L. His wife's name was Rebecca, she also lived a long time, he didn't, neither grandfather lived very long. The interesting thing as far as names go is that I was supposed to be named after my grandfather, Raymond, R-A-Y-M-O-N-D. However, shortly before that, Generalissimo Francisco Franco, the dictator of Spain, Francisco Franco his brother, Ramón Franco, had just flown, I believe, nonstop from Madrid, Spain to Buenos Aires, Argentina. I can't recall if he had to have one refueling. His was Ramon Franco. My dad decided to be cutesy and use the spelling of Ramon instead of Raymond and since then I've been having to explain where I've come from and now these days, I've even asked are you a U.S. Citizen? It's been an entertaining and somewhat challenging spelling but it's okay. I've had some experiences in regard to that, if we want to go into that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e When did your grandmothers move to this country? Did either of your grandfathers come to this country?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=252.0,259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, my mother's father did come to this country. They came in 1916, my mother's, Raymond Saul and Rebecca Saul came here in 1916. My dad's mother, Reina Franco, came before my dad did. My dad came here in 1931. He had applied for citizenship here from Europe, didn't get it. [He] was placed on a two-year student visa delay. He had nothing to do those two years, so he traveled to Europe looking for a job. His mentor at the Jesuit school, Father Angelino, who took great pride in their friendship, who had, by the way, a double Ph.D. from Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland in English and mathematics. He was an inspiration to my dad up until Father Angelino died in the 1960's. At any rate, my dad ended up traveling down to Africa, down to South Africa, and working on a railroad as a bookkeeper for two years. During that time, he asked one of the upper-echelon executives where they would recommend going to school in the United States, and the guy said, \"I had been to Emory University. It's a good school. You should go there.\" My dad says, \"I've already got three of my five brothers there. I'll go there.\" That's how he ended up in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=259.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit about how your grandmother and her sons, other than your father, made it to Atlanta. When was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=346.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e It gets a little tricky and I don't want to get too meandering here, but my grandfather, my father's father, had originally married. I can't remember her [name], that would be Reina's older sister, and she had one daughter, Bohora. Bohora had a son, Billy Beton, so he's kind of my half cousin. She . . . the first wife dies, and in the old country, it was frequently the custom that when the older sister dies, you marry the younger sister. At that time, Reina was only about 12 or 13, too young to get married, even by European standards. He waited, and waited, he waited about two years, and he said, \"Look, I'm getting impatient, I want to keep my family going, I am getting up in years.\" They were already, I think, 14 years apart, something like that. At the end of about a year and a half or two, Reina's mother finally said, \"Go ahead and marry.\" She must have been no more than about 14 or 15 when she began having children. She had a total, I believe, of nine children. As I say, one, that would be Aaron, Aronico. He died at age six from either bubonic plague or the flu epidemic. I'm not sure which.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=361.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Aaron was the first, the next child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=443.0,446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e The oldest, of course, was Morris. Morris and Victor came over at about the same time, but Victor decided to go to Argentina. There were apparently better business opportunities at that point. He was a tailor, and he went to Argentina to practice tailoring. Then Isaac and Jack came over. They originally started a business in New York [New York] or I believe Isaac did. He had, I believe, a hot dog stand in New York, and then came to Atlanta. Sam also came about that time. My dad was the youngest, I believe there was a 17-year difference between the oldest and the youngest. I had cousins who were old enough to be my father. Then the youngest Sarah, so Sarah was the daughter, and she was the youngest of all. She came over and she married Albert Page, and he was in the pharmaceutical business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit about your mother's family and her siblings, if any.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=502.0,509.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e There were three daughters, my mother and two sisters, Sara and Esther. My grandfather was a very scholarly individual. He was not cut out for the practical world. He enjoyed reading. He loved philosophy. He knew several languages. Like many in the old country, they knew several languages. He just enjoyed reading. He could have been a student philosopher his entire life in ancient Greece. But he was stuck here in the practical world. He ran a delicatessen here for a while. Then they moved too, so that would have been Raymond Saul, Rebecca Saul, and the three daughters, my mother, Rae, two sisters, Esther and Sara, and they moved to Asheville [North Carolina] for, quote, better business opportunities unfortunately. My mother went to high school there. Actually, I think part of grammar school and high school there. They were doing okay. He was making a decent living there. Unfortunately, right about the time she was supposed to graduate high school, slightly before that he is in his delicatessen one day, and by the way, his favorite custom was Thomas Wolfe. The first Thomas Wolfe, not today's Thomas Wolfe, but the one who wrote [Of] Time and the River, You Can’t Go Home Again, several great novels. They were big buddies because, as I say, my grandfather was a very well-read individual. Anyway, my grandfather steps out of the store one day and sees there's a huge parade coming down the main street of Asheville. He says, \"Oh, it's a great parade. I'll take off my apron and go outside.\" Walks outside and he asks one of his patrons there, \"What's this parade about?\" He said, \"It is the Silver Shirts.\" [He says,] \"Oh, what is a Silver Shirt?\" [The patron said,] \"You know related to the Brown Shirts of Germany and the Blackshirts of Italy. He said, \"Oh my G-d.\" This would have . . . been around 1935, somewhere around in there. He already knew the movements that were occurring. He said, \"They've chased us out of Europe now, they're going to chase us out of the United States.\" He was scared to death. Here he was in a small town in the United States and can't find peace and quiet. At that point they decided . . . that one event really scared him back to Atlanta. They came here. Sara, the second youngest, went to Agnes Scott. My mother never finished college. Esther . . . also did not finish college, but Sara went to Agnes Scott and did finish college. My mother and father met at a shiva call, I don't know who died, but they met at a shiva call. They met there and within an hour, my dad knew this was the person he was going to marry. She was, I think, a very attractive lady at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e They were both living here in Atlanta at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=685.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=688.0,689.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember where your dad and his family were living at that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=689.0,692.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time on Eighth Street in a small house on Eighth Street. They may have been living with, at that time when they first married. Let's see, I think they initially moved in with . . . they moved in with my grandfather and grandmother because I remember just a few weeks ago my aunt Esther who is constantly reminding us what an imposition it was. I can well relate to that to have an entire another family move in with you and then we moved back in with them when we came back from South America. When I was born in 1942, my dad gets orders. I was born December 1942, my dad gets orders to join the diplomatic corps because, I got a little bit ahead of myself, but he'd gone to Emory University. He'd done so well at the Jesuit school that when he took placement exams at Emory, he skipped almost two years and still ended up majoring in five languages and business statistics. The diplomatic corps drafted him for the war effort to obtain raw materials in South America, and we were stationed in Bogota, Colombia for about three years, all the way up until the end of the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=692.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e We'll go back a little bit and then catch it back up again. Your parents met each other at a shiva call. I'm sure they courted or dated whatever was appropriate back in that time. When did they get married?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=765.0,776.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e They got married in 1934 so that would have been three years after he arrived in the United States and that would have been, let's see, that would have been 18 years after she arrived in the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=776.0,794.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did they get married, if you remember?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=794.0,796.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e They got married, I'm pretty sure, with Rabbi Cohen, I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=796.0,800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Rabbi Joseph Cohen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=800.0,801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Rabbi Joseph Cohen, of blessed memory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=801.0,804.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e He was at the synagogue, which one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=804.0,805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e The Or VeShalom Synagogue, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=805.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e On Central Avenue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=807.0,809.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know where it was then. Is that where it was, Central Avenue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=809.0,811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time, it was on Central Avenue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=811.0,813.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, 1934.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=813.0,814.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, and so your parents get married, are they living with his parents? Are they living in their own apartment, do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=814.0,820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Initially, I think they lived for a few months with her parents, and then [they] moved out on [their] own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=820.0,827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Was your dad in university at that time or had he graduated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=827.0,830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e No, he . . . That's an interesting story.  I'll tell you about the university because that's a very interesting story. But no, he, this was the height of the Depression. Can you imagine getting married in 1934 and he decides he's got to do everything he can do. He doesn't want to find a niche business because it may be put out. Here he's kind of really sort of nondescript majors. Business statistics are supposed to make you smarter in business. Language helps you communicate, but what do you do with all that? He ends up getting the insurance business, the rubber business, some consulting business. He used to be an interpreter for Frito-Lay at times, Lay's I guess at that time. He ended up having several occupations and he sold Metropolitan Insurance, Pan-American Life Insurance and IT Rubber. They travel, practically, the entire lower 48 states.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=830.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Your parents are married, and then they start a family. Tell us a little bit about your siblings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=888.0,895.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me just say that when they moved to San Francisco [California] to do business, because Uncle Billy Beton, that's the half-sister's son, invited my dad to come out there and work because he was having a very successful import-export business, so on their way to selling rubber and I don't know what else. He could only sell insurance in Georgia, but he would get back in time to do all he needed to do there. They were going to have this great career in San Francisco. My mother had one miscarriage here, I believe, and one miscarriage in San Francisco. She got so frustrated after about, I think, six months of being alone with him continuing to travel, and here she has a miscarriage, and he barely makes it back in time to the hospital to be present even for that. She said, \"No, I want to go back to Atlanta,\" and that changed that entire course. Then, now Richard had already been born in 1939.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=895.0,950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e This is your older brother, Richard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=950.0,952.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Older brother Richard, Richard David Franco. There were already three David Francos in the family, so we had to diversify a little bit. We went with Richard David Franco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=952.0,963.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Because it was a custom in your family and tradition to name after a living . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=963.0,969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . A living. In Sephardim we name after the living, in Ashkenazi they don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=969.0,973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Your grandfather was David Franco so when the sons, the brothers, had children. They had a son. They were naming them after their father's father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=973.0,984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Right. But my dad said three Davids is enough. He's got to have his own distinct identity and went with Richard David. That was 1939. Then in, as I say, December of 1942, I was born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=984.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Right during the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=998.0,1000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1000.0,1001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, 1942 and then other siblings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1001.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Then while we're in South America in Bogota, Colombia, my sister Norma Renee was born, and she had the option later on to determine whether she would have Colombian or U.S. Citizenship. I don't know if dual was allowed back then, I assume it's allowed now but I'm not sure it may not be. At age 18, she had to declare and of course she declared being a U.S. Citizen. Then unfortunately, my grandfather died about approximately 10 years after Renee was born . . . Renee was born in 1944. He died in 1952, so that would be eight years later he died. That was such a tragic loss to our family. He was such an inspiration. He took so much time, did so much teaching, so much just, he had a great sense of humor that it devastated the family. People told my parents in order to not stay depressed have another child, ergo Robert. Robert's born. Robert Meyer Franco and Meyer was named after one of the uncles, the Meyer portion. Then three years after that my little sister Rita was born so there's . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1004.0,1082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . In 1956.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1082.0,1083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e 1956. Correct. Is that right? Let's see, 1952. Was it 1955 or 1956?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1083.0,1092.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e 1956.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1092.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1093.0,1094.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Rita's my age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1094.0,1096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, okay. 1956 . . . Actually, between Rita and I there's 14 years. Same situation here, we got about 17 years between Rich and Rita.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1096.0,1112.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Your father was in the Foreign Service for a number of years. You were living in South America . . . He comes back to the United States, what, after the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1112.0,1123.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e After the war, his brothers and he had actually started businesses before that. Delicatessens, restaurants. I think two. There was one on Ponce de Leon, one on Peachtree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1123.0,1135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember the names of them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1135.0,1136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e The Roxy Liquor Store on Peachtree which became a famous business luncheon place, breakfast and lunch. The Waldorf property which is on Ponce de Leon just down from the Fox Theatre was a liquor store and I believe they had a cafe there initially but that didn't do well so they closed that part. But they did buy the property which the two younger girls still own in part with Uncle Jack's siblings, I mean his children’s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1136.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit of what it was like growing up in the Franco household. Were you on Eighth Street or did you move as your family got bigger?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1170.0,1180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's see, we moved to what was then Parkway Drive, right across from Grady High School, later became Allen Drive, I think Charles Allen Drive I believe. My first recollection on Parkway, I believe that's where we still live, was I went to one year of kindergarten at Samuel Inman Grammar School, then it was Morningside Grammer School and then Grady High School. We moved in 1946 when I was in the first grade to Zimmer Drive. Grady High School was just a warm, just wonderful place. It must have been about 30 to 40 percent Jewish. We felt like it was 90 percent because of who we hung out with and because they closed half the classes or if not all the classes down on the major Jewish holidays, so that was always a fun experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1180.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me a little bit about some of your classmates at Morningside that you've kept up your friendship with from Grady High School.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1229.0,1238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I think my class was very lucky. We had a nice integral group. Now Sidney Tourial was a year behind me in school, because I think his birthday was a month or two later. My year was, in the Sephardic kids. Let me think, did we have any Sephardic kids my year? Let's see, I believe Solomon [Cohen], was Solomon my year. Albert [Cohen] was a year ahead of me, I believed Solomon my year, Sidney behind me. My friends ended up being the DSI, Devoted Sons of Israel group, which was a bunch of Ashkenazi kids, primarily. I don't recall having any other Sephardic kids, so I don't know if there were any others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1238.0,1275.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Was DSI a social club?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1275.0,1277.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e It was a social club, yes. The people in there whose names you may or not recognize. Cary Rubin, Bruce Finkelstein, Ellis Wolbe, Jay Kessler who now belongs to Beth Jacob. Arthur Silver. Robert Herman the attorney. I don't know if you knew Robert. Joel Blass who was a wonderful kid, very bright. He and I studied together every single day. We had a rough teacher there by the name of Mr. Rufus Godwin and he was a brilliant, one of the best teachers I've ever had. He was a math teacher, taught calculus, won numerous teaching awards, but you could not communicate with him. He was stern, tough, just like Mr. Clonts in charge of a woodshop. You didn't tangle with those two. After graduation, we asked some of the teachers what they were like because we were afraid of them. They said, \"Yes, we were afraid of them, too.\" But he was a phenomenal teacher. Joel Blass, unfortunately, ended up, after we went to University of North Carolina, ended up becoming schizophrenic. Essentially was institutionalized most of his life and died in his, I believe, mid-fifties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Was educational co-ed back then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1346.0,1351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yes, fully co-ed. Unfortunately, not integrated. It actually did not integrate, or it threatened to integrate with the Brown vs. Board of Education in 1955, but the actual integration was not to come about until 1960, so they threatened to close the schools, at which point my dad said two things. He said, \"I got five kids, you got to get moving along, it's getting expensive.\" That was first thing. Then he said, \"The schools might close. Leave high school a year early,\" so a lot of us left early. Oh yes, Stanley Tenenbaum, I failed to mention. Stanley Isaacson, I fail to mention. He and I, we three left high school a year early for fear of the schools closing and went to Emory. I went to Emory my first year, Carolina my second year, and back to Emory my third year. That's another story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1351.0,1409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e We'll get [to that.] Tell us a little bit about some of the women that were in your high school class. Some of the girls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1409.0,1413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e We had a great, I thought we had a great high school class. Let's see, again, Sephardic wise was Jeanie Franco, now Jeanie Marx. Let's see, I'm trying to think, the Sephardic girls no, I don't think and most of the ones I can remember now are Ashkenazi, I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1413.0,1432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Share with us the names of . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1432.0,1435.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Bonnie Spindel, Carole \"Chu Chi\" Weinman. Elaine and Marylyn Greenbaum, whose father owned Tower Liquor and Green’s, along with his brother, I can't remember the brother's name, that son's name is Jerry Greenbaum who expanded from liquor into real estate and other issues, did very well. Let's see, Lois Levin, she transferred eventually to the Northside, Linda Klein also transferred. Let's see if there's anybody else, I'm leaving out, I'm sure there are. My wife-to-be, Jody Breen, was two years behind me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's talk a little bit about Jody. How did you first meet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1476.0,1481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you want me to mention any incidents in high school that are of just antisemitism or anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1481.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e I was going to touch on that, and I was going to ask, and I will ask you the question now. Had you experienced any antisemitism growing up in Atlanta, and if so, share with us some of those details?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1487.0,1501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know how much time we have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1501.0,1502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Keep going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1502.0,1503.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I felt like I had such a wonderful childhood, which I didn't mess up too badly with a little bit of wildness with some friends, but there were definitely pain. I would say still pain in my heart knowing that people could be this base. We took shop in those days. I guess they still take shops now. I took wood shop and print shop. They also offered mechanical drawing and one other. I don't remember what the other is. In my print shop, I was pretty good with my hands. I was always number one in the class, both in practicum, that is in printing out. There was a printing press, you actually put in the letters upside down and backwards. Then Mr. Morris, the head of the class, who was also a school counselor, would grade it and so on. I was always number one in speed, accuracy, and on the written, which was not a tough class. It's not a braggadocious thing to say. It just wasn't that tough a class, and I [was] pretty good with my hands. Very surprisingly, he comes over and looks over at my desk one day. He said, \"Okay, Monsieur Franco, we're going to see how good you do.\" I said, \"Oh, thank you.\" I thought he was paying me a compliment. He says, \"I've written up a paragraph on the board, Mary had a little lamb . . .\"  He says, \"You can't start until I start the buzzer. The first person to finish that paragraph gets to go home immediately after finishing it and has no homework tonight.\" Bam, bam, right in front of him there and I'm just smiling and doing that. Sure enough, I'm the first one out. He said, \"Oh, I wouldn't have believed it if I hadn't seen it. Go home, Monsieur Franco.\" That's all I thought about it. [Memoirist mic comes off and he puts it back on].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1503.0,1626.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You went home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1626.0,1627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e About 17 years later, I'm already in the practice of medicine. I'm driving home on Rock Springs Road, leaving my in-law's house after dinner, and it's still bright light, about 6:30-7:00, and at the top hill of Rock Springs Road, I see, oh my gosh, there is Mr. Morris, our school counselor, who had been my instructor in print shop and he's out cutting his grass, I'll say a quick hello. I pull my car into the driveway, and I run out to see him and said, \"Mr. Morris, it's Ray Franco, Ramon Franco, so good to see you.\" He comes up, gritting his teeth, puts his finger in my chest. He says, \"What have your people ever contributed to society?\" I went, \"Whoa, I guess I didn't know you. I'll hand you a Nobel Prize. Let's start with that . . .\" He started charging me. I literally got in my car and ran off. He was a big imposing man. Just to give you a little follow up on that same personality there was a kid in Jody's class by the name of Terry Sharon whose now Terry Freeman because he wanted to change his name to his adoptive father's name. He was the top A student with high 1500 SAT's who'd applied to all the Ivy League schools and several lesser schools. Eight schools in total and never heard back from any of them. In those days, you would hand your applications in to Mr. Morris, the school counselor, and then he would forward them with a letter of your performance in high school to the college. He said he never heard back from any of the schools. When I told him this story, he said that was the reason. Mr. Morris put the finger on him and screwed him as far as not even sending in his applications, so that was one. The other incident I'll try to abbreviate a little faster. I was just finishing high school, I think. I may have finished my first year at Emory. That's right, I had finished my first year at Emory. I had a construction job building the farmers market in south Atlanta down in McDonough, Georgia, Williams Brothers Construction Company. I was listed as a carpenter's assistant. I would help them out on the plumb lines, on scraping the deck clean, a bit of sawing and creating drill holes and so on. I'm doing fine for like three or four weeks, having a good time with the guys, some here very young, some very old, and a couple of very nice black guys. What would usually happen, I would hold one end of the plumb line, the black guy would be down tapping on the other end with the four white guys standing above him, supervising him. We all got along fairly well. All of a sudden, the black guys looks up at me and says, \"Ramon, is you any relationship to that Mr. Jack Franco what owns the Roxy Delicatessen on Peachtree?\" I said, \"Yes, that's my uncle.\" He said, \"Oh, then you'd be a little Jew boy.\" I said, “Yes.\" I get sort of a silent look from the other guys. I didn't think too much of it, but I thought of it having had experience already in a few other areas. I'm abbreviating here, believe it or not. In those days, we didn't have air conditioned cars. I had to leave the window open about that far in my car on all sides, just so it wouldn't be above 120 degrees in the bright sun, these open construction sites with no trees, no shade. The first day I find, the day that happens, I find trash in my car. I go to the superintendent and say, somebody threw trash in. \"Oh no, it's your imagination. You probably had some hot dogs and hamburgers and just left in the car.\" I said, \"No, I didn't.\" I go home. I tell my parents. They said, \"No, it's probably just your imagination.\" I said, \"No.\" Go back to work the second day, get a little cold shoulder, don't notice, I try not to pay attention to it, I do my work. Leave the windows open, come out the end of the day, what's in the car this time? A dead rat. I go up to the superintendent, I said, \"Somebody put a dead rat. \"No, you probably had left food in the car and a rat climbed up.\" I said \"Okay, I'll close my windows.\" Next day I came in and closed my windows, I'm working on the slab and I'm standing up and I hear, \"Pow.\" Something swishes by me and makes a huge noise. These two guys above me dropped an eye beam, probably weighing about 200 pounds. It was about probably eight feet long and about four inches wide, laughing. I said, \"You guys trying to kill me?\" They're just laughing. \"No, just an accident.\" I walked off the job. I went to the superintendent. I said, \"OK, you don't want us down here. I'm gone.\" That was my second major antisemitic incident growing up in Atlanta. There were others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1627.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e How did that shape you going forward as a person?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1915.0,1917.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I knew that my parents had tried to tell me, \"We're the same, there's no difference. The Christians and Jews get along great, there's not discrimination.\" They tried to paint the rosy picture, even though they knew different. My dad and both parents had already experienced significant antisemitism, but they tried to hide it from me.  It just made me receptive to the fact that I should keep a low profile, don't bring out my Judaism if I didn't have to. Don't hide it if it's called upon but just don't bring it out. Sure enough, when I get to North Carolina, my second year in college, I was a physics student to begin with. I decided to go pre-med eventually, but I was the physics student to begin with, and I would study in the physics libraries with some different graduate students and professors sometimes. One night, I'm late in the library, physics library, with this beautiful, sweet graduate student in physics and her professor, and out of the clear blue sky, we were talking about physics problems. We just took a break, decided to talk about physics problems that were in various textbooks and so on. All of a sudden, they changed the subject to the Jews. \"They're so greedy, they're so materialistic.\" I said, \"Wow, this is never going to change.\" I tried to present arguments against it, they weren't going to listen, and I just left. Never studied with them again. I studied at that library, but we just hardly ever spoke after that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1917.0,2008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e We were talking a little bit before we talked about antisemitism about meeting now your wife Jody Breen. Let's go back to those days. You're in high school. We're changing the situation now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2008.0,2025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Back to Grady High School, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2025.0,2027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What year was this and what grade were you in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2027.0,2029.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I started Grady in 1955, I was 12 years old, to be a bar mitzvah that December. Jody was still in grammar school. I had seen her for some reason . . . As you get older, of course, you end up dating the younger girls. We weren't dating at that age, but you start paying attention to the younger because the older girls are not paying any attention to you, especially once you get to high school, they're looking at the senior guys. I really didn't take notice of Jody until she was in the eighth grade, and I was in 10th. Then her group, which composed of herself, Susan Baron, Linda Sims, Gladys Moskowitz, Renie Blass, I'm sure I'm leaving out important people, but I can't recall right now who else was in her group. Anyway, we'd end up going to either Linda Sim's house, or Susan Barron's house, or Gladys' house, on rare occasion Jody's house. Because these three had the nicer homes, so we'd go to their homes for so-called parties, which were just some cookies and Coke, and maybe playing some cards and singing, and maybe even dancing, with a record player. That's all we had in those days a little record player, you didn't even have hi-fi originally, no stereo, no digital, no electronics, no tape recorders, nothing. But had a good time. The main reason I, believe it or not, the main reason I had taken notice of Jody before, even that, was when she got on the bus and I was on the same bus, the 16 Noble bus that drove from Highland Avenue to Grady High School. She looked like a pretty serious student, had her head on straight and had a big stack of books, and seemed to be solid. To me, she was an ideal for what I thought my family would like and I would like. It's the same values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did she live or grow up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2147.0,2148.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e She lived right next door to Morningside Grammar School, much to her embarrassment. There's a little street called Fordham Court that's actually on the border of Morningside. It's four houses long. She was so embarrassed, particularly in grammar school, that she was not in a carpool, because . . . her mother told her to just walk out the door and go to school. She walks to grammar school closer to the woods next to her house so that nobody will see her that she's not in a carpool. That's how sensitive we are as kids, starting in the first grade. She ends up going to Morningside Grammar School, but I barely noticed her, I think, back then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2148.0,2189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Does Jody have any siblings?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2189.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Jody had a wonderful brother, Lester Breen, who ended up being a dentist, did wonderful in school, a phenomenal athlete. He'd actually gotten scholarships in basketball to Galveston [Texas] and a few other schools. But his parents said, \"No, you're going to be a dentist.\" He said, \"I want to be a physician.\" \"No, we don't have money for that. You're going to be a dentist,\" and that's what he did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2190.0,2213.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Was Lester your class or younger?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2213.0,2215.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e No, Lester was seven years older than Jody, so five years ahead of me. That would have been one year ahead of my brother Richard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2215.0,2224.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, so you're in 10th grade, she's in eighth grade. You all notice each other, and then when did you start dating?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2224.0,2231.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e We started dating, we had a formal date, even though we'd be at all these similar parties, we started dating when I was in the 11th grade, at which point I had gotten my driver's license. She invited me to a JOJ, that's Jewels of Judea, her social club social, and so we went there all cocktail dressed and suit and tie, dressed up. I had a wonderful evening and the stories that started from that point on were just hilarious. Jody had a bit of a tough mother. When I went to pick her up for that first date and Jody said, \"I like this boy, be nice to him.\" Her version of being nice was as follows, she said,\" You all be home by 11:30 \" [I said,] \"Yes ma'am we'll be home at 11:30.\" At that time the Jack Parr Show was on when we walk in the house at 11:30. He was, at that time, a pro-Fidel Castro guy. Castro had not taken over yet. He had started the fighting and begun the revolution. We'd all gotten instincts that he was going to be pro-communist. We just didn't know how bad. Said, \"No,\" I said, \"I can't stand Jack Parr or Fidel Castro. She said, \"Why not?\" I said, \"I think he's crazy.\" She says, \"Well, people in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.\" That's my first encounter with my future mother-in-law. But that was our cute relationship forever. We'd just jab at each other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2231.0,2327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What was her name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2327.0,2328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Her name was Rebecca Kulbersh Breen. She came from the Kulbersh family from Columbus, Georgia. Her dad, Emanuel Oscar Breen, wonderful, sweet, most gentle guy you could possibly imagine. A straight an arrow as they came, just so gentle, he would not use a stamp from business on his home letters. He was just that straight and that afraid of everything, the IRS [Internal Revenue Service], whatever. But just a straight arrow, just a wonderful, cute guy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2328.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You mentioned that you, I think, skipped your senior year in high school to go to Emory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2353.0,2358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2358.0,2359.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What did you study there and tell us a little bit about your experiences at Emory?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2359.0,2363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Believe it or not my grandfather had such an influence in my first ten years of life. He already affected me, and he told me things to read which I tried to read even at that age, couldn't understand most of them. But he said you have to read Henri Bergson, the French philosopher. He didn't tell me go do Mickey Mantle or Sandy Koufax. He said, \". . . You have read Henri Bergson in the original French.\" He said, \"Because he approaches a literary equivalent of science,\" and I loved science already as a kid. Actually, I had asked my mother, I must have been seven or eight years old, I said, \"Who's the smartest person in the world?\" She said, \"I don't know, but it could be [Albert] Einstein.\" At that point, I took up Einstein and haven't quit to this day, studying his science and his history and his philosophy and politics. Where was I?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2363.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You're talking about Henri Bergson?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2421.0,2422.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Henri Bergson. Believe it or not, when I went to Emory, I had to take French, and I took French. I ended up taking a year and a half of French, and a year-and-a-half of physics, and at that point, I realized I was not going to be Albert Einstein. I was even going to not be Albert Einsteins' son, or even his grandson, maybe. I decided I did good in physics, but I realized I wasn't going to forge any new paths in that area which might have been short selling because my dad obviously wanted me to be a doctor as he convinced Richard to also. Just jokingly one day he sort of had a pay scale for what profession we'd go into, and I said, \"Suppose I decided to go into physics what percent of my education would you pay for.\" [He said,] \"Ten percent.\" I said, \"Oh, okay. What about if I go into dentistry.\" He said, \"Thirty percent.\" \"What about law?\" \"Forty percent.\" \"What about accounting?\" \"Fifty percent.\" \"What about medicine? \"A hundred percent.\" He was just joking, I knew he was. Then he had people around the community trying to convince me to go from physics into medicine. Stanford Makover being one of them, the great Makover family related to the Blass family. Stanford was a wonderful influence on my life. At Emory, I . . . did well, but I wanted to get out of town, so I went with a bunch of my buddies, namely Bobby Herman, Joel Blass, Arthur Silver, Michael Blass and Harold Gelber. Those two guys were a couple of years ahead of me, but I decided to go to North Carolina for a year, and I enjoyed it. At that point, Jody and I had broken off. We decided that distance and so on just wasn't going to work out. I was ready to come back my third year. Oh, Stuart Eizenstat, he and I were best friends. We studied together. We actually ruined a college year by outstudying each other together. His father was a character, he was like a Jackie Leonard comedian if you ever heard of him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You're talking about Stuart Eizenstat's father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2563.0,2564.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Stuart Eizenstat's father was a . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2564.0,2566.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Leo Eizenstat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2566.0,2567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Leo Eizenstat was a wonderful . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2567.0,2568.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit about him because a lot of folks don't have the privilege of knowing Mr. Eizenstat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2568.0,2574.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e His mother was wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2574.0,2575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Her name was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2575.0,2578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Leo Eizenstat and I don't remember her . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2578.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Sylvia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2580.0,2581.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Sylvia. That's right, Sylvia. Stuart was an only child and boy. He took care of his mom. We tried to get Stuart to go out with us and wild with us and Stuart had too much common sense. He hung out primarily with his cousin Phillip Medintz who was also a wonderful guy, and they wanted to do their own thing. They were with us occasionally but mainly they had their own thing. They were very sensible. We didn't realize it at that time. Leo Eizenstat was just a, well first of all he was a traveling salesman and apparently his joke telling ability made him a pretty successful one. He was in charge or he . . . would carpool us to Carolina this . . . next coming year and he said he'd pick us up at six o'clock in the morning. I said, \"Fine.\" I set my alarm for five o' clock. In the carpool is he and Stuart and Arthur Silver, and that was it, I believe, oh, and Butch Rubin, who went to Northside. My dad later on told me that he had turned off my alarm, knowing what an impulsive kid I was. He knew what I would do. He predicted what I'd do. I hear the horn honk at six o'clock. I get out of bed, and I said, \"Holy cow, my alarm didn't go off.\" I didn't know my dad had turned it off. I run to the front door in my pajamas. I said, \"Guys, I'm sorry, I'm not even awake yet.\" They said, \". . . We'll come in and have coffee, take a shower, take your time, pack.\" It went like this. I said, \"No, you all go ahead. I'll just go to Emory this year.\" Stuart would tell that story in the halls of Congress. There are people, I had a connection to one or two congressmen, one from Mississippi, who I was best friends with, and another one or two. They would say that Stuart would tell them this story of coming to my door. Me saying, \"No, you all go ahead, I'll just go to another college this year.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2581.0,2696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Who was that? I'm just curious who that Mississippi Congressman was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2696.0,2699.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e My friend who had the connection was Henry J. Sanders, and the Congressman . . . [tape pauses and resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2699.0,2707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Talking about a member of Congress. I always like to mention names so if you remember the name of the Congressman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2707.0,2713.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Right, so here's the connection. I was in the Air Force, Jody and I, of course, already married and getting ready to have our first kid. I was stationed at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas [Nevada] where there was a small hospital, had about approximately 20 doctors of whom about 15 were Jewish, but one of the non-Jewish guys ended up being my best a guy named Henry J. Sanders, who looked almost exactly like Glen Campbell . . . He was going to be an ophthalmologist. At that time, we were both . . . had just finished two years of general surgery and had not started specialty practices but we got very friendly because we helped run the clinic together, just the general clinic and he'd already been somewhat active in Mississippi politics. He was from a town called McComb, Mississippi, and Wayne Dowdy was the Congressman there. Now the interesting connection there is that when the sale of AWACS [Airborne Warning and Control System], the big information data gathering plane, was built by the United States to be sold to only the closest allies, Saudi Arabia had asked for a purchase of these AWACS planes. Henry stayed in touch with Wayne Dowdy even while he was in the Air Force. When he got out of the Air Force he said . . .  No, he was still in the Air Force, come to think of it. He called Wayne and he said, \"How [are] you voting on the AWACS sales to Saudi Arabia?\" He says, \"I'm voting for it . . . The U.S. needs the money. All my Congressmen in Mississippi and Georgia and Alabama, they're all voting for the sale.\" Henry J. Sanders says, \"No, the Jews are good people. You've got to take care of the Jews. In fact, I am best friends with a Jew and he's my best friend. He's a good guy. You're not voting for AWACS sales.\" Sure enough, Wayne Dowdy was the only Congressman in all of Mississippi to vote against the AWACS sales. That's why you've got to win, friends, one person at a time and by your behavior.  It was really an abject lesson for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e When Stuart Eizenstat who later went on to become an advisor to President [Jimmy] Carter and President [Bill] Clinton and President [Barack] Obama and several other prominent . . . He was one of your childhood best friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2848.0,2860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Actually, now there's another connection there. Henry J. Sanders and Wayne Dowdy are walking into one of the capitol buildings, halls of Congress. Henry J Sanders knew Stuart Eizenstat name from me, walks into Stuart's office and says, \"This is Wayne Dowdy from Mississippi, I'm Henry J. Sanders. I'm best friends with Ramon Franco in Atlanta, Georgia.\" Stuart then tells him the story of me skipping out but coming back to Emory instead of going to North Carolina for my third year in college.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2860.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You finish your last two years at Emory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2902.0,2904.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me say one thing about our marriage. When Jody and I were dating, so we'd broken up that year and we started dating again after my first year of Emory Med School. During that year. I'm sorry, I can't stop laughing about the story. During that year, my dad calls up Jody's dad, not her mother, because she knows her mother will rule the day, so calls up Jody's father and says, \"I want to meet you at the Morningside Grammar School parking lot right next to your house on Sunday morning.\" \"What's this about?\" He says, \"You'll know when I get there.\" My dad meets with him and Manny; I used to call him Manny. Manny says, \"Joe, what's on your mind?\" He says, \"These kids, Jody, Ramon.\" \"What about them?\" \"They're staying out too late. They're going to get in trouble.\" This is a reverse shotgun marriage, essentially. He says, \"What do you mean?\" \"What do we do about it?\" He says, \"Get them married.\" He says, \"They're still in school.\" Jody, because I had skipped a year, now I was in the same year of med school that Jody was in college. I had just finished my second year when we got married in med school, and she had just finished her second year in college. Our wonderful parents decided to support us and get us married. My dad had apartment houses, so he gave us an apartment unit, and her parents gave us some food and allowances and it was just tremendously generous, but that's how we ended up getting married because we were staying out too late. [both laugh]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2904.0,3008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Where was Jody at school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3008.0,3010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e She did her first year at Sophie Newcomb, that's Tulane now, and transferred to Georgia State here when she came back to Atlanta for her second year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3010.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, so we're now going to hit the fast forward button a little bit, and so you're now in medical school, your second year. Where are you at medical school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3021.0,3029.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Emory Medical School and I finished there and then did a year of internship at Emory Grady System. Then a year straight general surgery at Emory Grady, which was really my internship was straight surgery as well, I didn't do much rotating it was all straight surgery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3029.0,3050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Approximately what year is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3050.0,3054.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . .  I finished the second year of surgery in 1968, June 30, 1968.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3054.0,3061.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e It's the height . . . of the Vietnam War. You're in medical school; you're doing surgery rotations. You mentioned earlier that you did a stint in the Air Force, tell us a little bit about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3061.0,3073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e That comes, yes that comes then. I had actually done a stint at NIH [National Institute of Health].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3073.0,3078.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e National Institute of Health.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3078.0,3079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, National Institute of Health in the cardiac division in Washington D.C. We're making a big mistake to not keep that going. That is a phenomenal facility, I just wanted to mention that parenthetically. We decided we might get pregnant but also, we knew I was going to get drafted with the Berry Plan. You either went at the beginning of your specialty or at the end of your specialty residency and they decided to take me at the beginning. I decided to call Colonel Peters at Randolph Air Force Base, and I asked him, I said, \"We're planning to get pregnant, but if we go to Vietnam, if I know I'm going to Vietnam the first year, we won't get pregnant. Fine, I'm happy to go.\" At that time, believe it or not, I was pro-Johnson, ready to go to war. He says, \"Let me look.\" He says, \"No, you're not going to Vietnam the first year, but you'll probably go the second year.\" I said, \"Fine, we'll go ahead and get pregnant, and I'll be home with my child the first year.\" We get to Las Vegas, Nevada, get orders to join the Air Force, go to Las Vegas, Nevada at Nellis Air Force Base. That was in August of 1968. Six weeks later, let's see, six weeks . . . No, we'd gotten pregnant. We'd gotten pregnant about December, somewhere in the December, January because we knew of the orders. I wasn't going to Vietnam, but we get there, and six weeks after I'm stationed there, I get orders to go to Vietnam. Not we, me, get orders go to Vietnam. We're already pregnant. Jody, she almost fainted when I told her. She said, \"No, we've got to do something about this.\" I start calling various Air Force bases to see if anybody wants to switch off for a year. I'll go the second year, if they'll go in the first year. I call 72 Air Force bases, tactical Air Force bases, believe it or not. I spoke to 72 people. I don't know how many bases there were. I spoke to 72 surgeons at my level. They said, \"No, I don't want to go to Vietnam. I may never go.\" I get to Altus, Oklahoma and a guy named Schulheimer says, \"Yes, I might want to go.\" He says, \"What's in it for me?\" I said, \"Nothing.\" I said, \"You go to, Vietnam and I don't go. But I'll go the second year.\" He said, \"No.\" He says, \"But I tell you what, I know a guy who's so unhappy with his base, a guy called Milo P. Gerber in Knob Noster, Missouri,\" which would be the future home of the B-2 bomber, the stealth bomber. It was already a secret. They were already doing it at that time, a secret base right in the middle of the U.S. . . .  I call him up and he says, \"I can't stand this base, I got to get out of here.\" I said, \"Do you want to go to Vietnam?\" He said, \"Yes, I'll go, sign me up.\" I said, \"Oh I guess you're not married.\" He says, \"Yes, I'm married, damn it.\" I said, \"I guess I don't have any kids.\" \"Yes, I got those little bitches too.\" I could realize this guy was unhappy and he was ready to go. I didn't say one more word. I said, \"Can I call Colonel Peters and tell him you're ready to go.\" He said, \"Do it.\" I called Colonel Peters up and he said, \"This is highly irregular,\" typical bureaucratic answer . . . I said, \"By the way, I want to go the second year. I'm for the war effort.\" At that time. He said, \"No, you have to stay in Vegas now because you've already done a stint here. You can't complete eight months in one area. It's too expensive to keep moving you around. You have to stay in Vegas for two years.\" I said, \"Fine, but call me up any time you want me to go the second year.\" They never sent me. I think just the fact that I was so willing to go. They were after kids who were trying to get out of going to Vietnam, and we felt like they made a target of Jewish surgeons, because the next two guys had gotten called to Vietnam, the two Jewish guys, not the other guys.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You did your two year stint in Las Vegas at the Air Force base. Then where did you all move? You had a child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3318.0,3325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Had a child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3325.0,3326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What is the name of that child?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3326.0,3328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e His name is Michael Joseph Franco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3328.0,3331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Michael Joseph.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3331.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Michael Joseph.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3332.0,3333.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Named after your father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3333.0,3334.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Named after my father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3334.0,3335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Beautiful name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3335.0,3338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Yosef Ben Rahamim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3338.0,3341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Your Hebrew name is Rahamim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3341.0,3343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3343.0,3344.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, and so he's born, you're living at the Air Force base. Then after two years, where do you move?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3344.0,3351.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I had already signed a contract to go to NYU [New York University] for my specialty residency, and all the guys, particularly from New York, are looking at us and they're saying, \"Ramon, you've never lived in New York. You don't know what you're getting yourself into. You like to go out hiking. You like to take Michael.\" Michael was only a year, year and a half old and I'm taking him horseback riding with me. \"You're up in the mountains. You like to ski. You're jogging. Early on you're doing all this stuff, you’re going to hate New York.\" G-d, I start perspiring. Think of some other location, I said, \"I've already signed a contract.\" I just on a fluke take a trip to Los Angeles [California] and I walk into some hospitals. I go into UCLA [University of California, Los Angeles], I interview there. I interview at the VA [Veteran Administration]. I interviewed at a couple of others. The guy at the VA says, \"It turns out that one of our residents has decided to change specialties. Yes, I've got a slot for you.\" I switched to LA, and luckily the VA program was merging with the UCLA program. UCLA program was already full. Best thing I ever did because they had the broadest program as far as facial plastic surgery, head and neck cancer surgery. It was the largest VA hospital in the country, 1,475 beds. It was a wonderful experience for me to gain cancer surgical capabilities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3351.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You live in LA for a year or two?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3438.0,3440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Live in LA for three years. At that time, we have our second child, that'd be in 1971. Michael was born in 1968 while we were in the Air Force. Rachel was born in 1971.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3440.0,3452.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Share with us Rachel's full name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3452.0,3454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Rachel Ann Franco. Ann is after Jody's mother's mother or aunt, I think. Something like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3454.0,3465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e That's wonderful. Now, the four of you are in tow. You're living in Los Angeles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3465.0,3470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Having a great time. We loved it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3470.0,3471.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You're a surgeon, getting great exposure. Any family or friends in LA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3471.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e It turned out that my mom's cousin lived in Los Angeles, and their son, Victor Saul, who is an Omar Sharif-looking sort of guy, very charismatic, wonderful, beautiful individual, but a free spirit, married to a beautiful girl. But she starts getting tired of the free spirit. He's just all over the place, smoking pot and having a good time. We're going out to dinner with him, having him over for dinner. He's just entertaining. They were just sort of wonderful to be with. By the way, here we think of California as such a liberal place. When we were looking for a place to stay in California, the real estate agent says, Jody says to the guy, and we're still living in Vegas. Jody says to the guy, \"What about further into Los Angeles, instead of Santa Monica. It's a little less expensive for being in residency. What about West LA?\" He says . . . Jody mentions the Fairfax Avenue. He says, \"You don't want to live near there.\" Jody said, \"Why not?\" \"That's where the Jews live and you know how they raise their children. You don't want to be there.\" Jody says, \"Take us back to our car.\" She was out of there. She didn't even want to negotiate at that point. We lived in a nice little house that we rented, and it was just such a wonderful experience, a mind-blowing experience. But Jody's cousin, Irv Marino, not Jody, my mother's cousin, Irv Marino, worked for, I believe, one of the aeronautics companies, and we had been there for dinner to kick off Yom Kippur, and I said, \"Are you going to stay home tomorrow?\" He said, \"Oh, no.\" I said, “Why not?\" \"If they found out I was Jewish, they'd fire me in a minute.\" He had to hang out with the group, and he'd hear all this anti-Jewish talk all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3480.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e It's an interesting story. In Atlanta, Georgia, in the Army, in Los Angeles, throughout your young life you've experienced antisemitism or have been exposed to antisemitism on repeated occasions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3605.0,3621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Now that you bring it up, let me state this because I had a discussion recently. Some of your doctor friends, some of my doctor friends are Jewish, they have very Jewish names, very Ashkenazi names. Victor Silverman, Paul Scheinberg, these guys tell me they never had antisemitic experiences. They said, \"Ramon, did you?\" I said, \"Of course.\" \"What do you mean?\" I said, \"My name is Franco. They always think I'm Catholic, they always think I'm Catholic.\" I can just tell you story after story. I'm not going to go into the details, but I remember when I was in Las Vegas, we used to moonlight at Sunrise Hospital, beautiful hospital there. We'd been moonlighting there about a year, almost half the doctors at the Air Force base did moonlighting at the hospital. This guy, Prater, was a radiologist, and he leans over to me one day and says, Ray, you thinking about coming back to Vegas to practice? I said, \"I've really enjoyed it here. We do a lot of referring to the downtown physicians. They're always nice. They're very hospitable. We've got it down on our calendar, and I've even applied for the state license, which I got.\" I said, \"I'm ready to go day one when I finish my residency.\" He says, \"Get here fast.\" I said, “Why is that?\" He said, \"The Jews are taking over. You don't want that to happen, do you?\" I said, \"Let me ask you something. There are 118 doctors on the staff here. Only 11 are Jewish. How is that a takeover?\" He says, \"You don't understand them like I do. They'll do it. They'll take over here.\" I said \"It's not owned by the doctors. It's owned by the labor union. They're not going to take over anything.\" Couldn't talk him out of it. Same thing happened in Los Angeles. Same thing happened everywhere. They always thought I was Catholic, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3621.0,3725.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e You live in LA for three years and you have two children and then after that, where's your next move?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3725.0,3733.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e We actually interviewed Winston-Salem [North Carolina]. It's just fascinating, I didn't realize how much my life was punctuated by this stuff. A guy from Winston-Salem hears about me from somebody because I had done a huge amount. We had the largest volume, not only of head and neck cancer, but the largest of cosmetic plastic surgery because we had access. We were the only program to have access to California women's prison. [Ronald] Reagan listed us as a rehabilitation conduit for the prisoners, for the female prisoners, and we did all the facelifts, all the nose jobs, chins, whatever you wanted done, we just did tons of. We later found out that he listed it at Beverly Hills compensation rates, which we gave, of course, free as a residents. But anyway, this fellow, Paul Janisse, in Winston-Salem, hears . . . that I'm coming out of residency, excuse me [memoirist clears his throat]. He flies me to Winston-Salem. I interviewed there with a bunch of doctors, and they said, \"Ramon, come, we're ready for you. We've only got one other doctor here of your specialty, and we'll help you set up. You'll be with Paul Janisse.\" Just before I'm leaving the hotel, I get a phone call from a guy named Caproni or something like that, I can't remember his name, and he says, \"Ray, if you come here, they'll discriminate. There's so much antisemitism here.\" I said, \"I don't understand that. I interviewed with the pediatricians, the internists, all the referring specialties. They want me to come here.\" He said, \"They're trying to sandbag you. They'll get you here and then twist a knife into your back.\" I said, \"Okay, I won't come.\" Paul Janisse calls me up to wish me a good trip back to Atlanta, I mean, back to Los Angeles. I then get a call from David Williams, a pediatrician there, not to David Williams here in Atlanta. He says, \"Ramon, this guy just called you.\" He said, \"What'd he tell you?\" I told him. He says, \"I have no idea what his agenda is, unless he just doesn't want Jews coming to practice in Winston-Salem.\" He says, \"I can guarantee you, because I've already talked to the other group this morning, that they will refer to you, we'll refer to, those are the two biggest groups in Winston-Salem. We're the pediatricians, they're the internists. You will be fine.\" Jody and I just said, \"We don't want to get involved in small town politics. We're going to stay in Atlanta.\" We came back, and I went into practice with a guy named David Cohen for about a year. I am trying to think if it was over a year. No, I think it was only a year, and then I went out on my own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3733.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e At that point in time, you're finished your residency, your fellowship, you have two children, you move back to Atlanta. Tell us a little bit about life, when was this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3896.0,3911.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e 1973, let's see, 1973, July 1st. I had always wanted to take a six-week trip across the country, and I had to cancel it because David Cohen wanted me back immediately. He hadn't had a vacation in his entire first three years in practice . . . I said, \"Give me ten days to travel across the country,\" which we did. I started practice. We had two offices one in Sandy Springs [Georgia] on Vernon Woods Drive where there were several multi-specialty practices. Northside Hospital, Shallowford Hospital and then we had an office out at Northlake, I'm sorry Emory Hills off Chamblee Tucker Road, where I got to meet Perry Brickman, Charles Rosenberg. I'm trying to think who else in that area practiced that you might know. The Eidex boys. Max and Marshall Eidex. A lot of the Jewish boys are there, and non-Jewish. We all got along just fine. But as I say, after about a year, I decided to go out on my own. I set up a practice on Carpenter Drive in Sandy Springs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What was your specialty?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3985.0,3986.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . It's called the specialty of head and neck, otolaryngology head and neck surgery. We did ENT [Ear, Nose and Throat], head and neck cancer, and facial plastic surgery. I practiced for about 35, 37 years. About the last 18 to 20 years, all I did was facial plastic surgery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3986.0,4008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e It's now the early 1970's, you're living in Atlanta, is your family complete?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4008.0,4016.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e The two kids is all we had. We had wonderful times with my parents, her parents. We'd usually have Shabbat dinner at her parents. Frequently have Sunday morning brunch at my parents' until they moved into the Barclay. My mother would make a standing rib roast or a lamb every Sunday, had a wonderful time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4016.0,4039.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Would the entire family get together or just you and your . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4039.0,4042.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Frequently the entire family but one specific occasion I remember distinctly. Jody's father was, he was different. He was born in New Jersey but there was no New Jersey in him. They moved to Rocky Mount, North Carolina when he was three years old so he had, and he majored believe it or not in horticulture at NC [North Carolina] State which you could do nothing with basically. He already knew how to plant a flower, so that was useless. He ended up becoming a traveling salesman, selling mainly textiles and things like that. But he had no taste when it came to clothing. He'd wear pink polka dots with plaid green trousers. That's just the way he was. Everybody loved him. All the people he sold to loved him. But anyway, my dad invited a distant relative over one day, and I wish I could remember this kid's name. He was probably 25 years old, very worldly, very cosmopolitan. Manny walks in, this is Sunday morning brunch at my mother's, and Manny walks in. First Jody's parents walk in, Manny and Rebecca Breen walk in. Jody and I are there already. I'm sorry, first this younger relative, this 25 year old, comes in. He sits down. Then about 15 minutes later, Jody parents walk in, and my dad says to Manny, \"Manny, I like your Turkish outfit.\"  You and I know what that means, well this kid knows what that means. He laughed until we finished eating three hours later. We were all in hysterics. I like you Turkish outfit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4042.0,4145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Just because it was over the top. It was loud.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4145.0,4146.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e It was just [tape stops and resumes] . . . contrasting, conflicting color, but that was sort of a typical day we'd get together with the families. It was all hysterical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4146.0,4155.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit about your involvement or your wife's involvement in Jewish life in Atlanta as now an adult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4155.0,4164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I have to give all the credit to Jody because she was good at organizations, and she liked them. I joined the American Jewish Committee one year and I found too much politics. People sort of conflicting with each other that got along socially outside, but in there were tooth and nail sometime and that just wasn't my temperament. After two years I never joined, I don't think, another major organization where I played any major part in again, I'm embarrassed to say. I would be on an occasional synagogue committee or whatever, but nothing major. I never played any major part in it except doing what they tell me. Jody, on the other hand, was very active. [The Jewish] Federation, she was on the board. She was president of Jewish Family and Career Services, about that time Jewish Family Children's Services. The Epstein School, one of the funniest stories, and I do want to jump back to my growing up with Rabbi Cohen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4164.0,4223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure. Now we'll pause for a minute and revert back to your elementary or high school years at Congregation Or VeShalom and I think by that time it was on Highland Avenue, is that correct?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4223.0,4233.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Highland Avenue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4233.0,4234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Right around the corner from your house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4234.0,4236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and . . . three doors down from my grandmother's house and down the street which had just been at the most a half a mile down Zimmer Drive to my house. Rabbi Cohen, when I look back, was the most wonderful person you could have had in your life at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4236.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us a little bit about him because a lot of people listening to this video may have no idea about him or his background or his experiences. Share with us your experiences with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4251.0,4263.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Rabbi Cohen was originally from Havana, Cuba is what I understood. He was from Havana, Cuba and was a self-taught rabbi. I don't think he was actually certified as a rabbi, is my recollection, I'm not sure. I remember seeing a negative remark from the rabbinical association that . . . Or VeShalom was not up to par because they didn't a certified rabbi. I don't know how many people, but I personally made a phone call here and said I would like that put on the shelf and off the main drab because I felt it disrespected Rabbi Cohen. He was self-taught and he had to do everything there for very little compensation. He taught the grammar school, the high school Hebrew, Hebrew school classes, and he taught four days a week, Monday through Thursday. He had to train all the bar mitzvahs there were no b’nai mitzvahs back then, I'm sorry no bat mitzvah back then. He did all of that and he put up with us. Here's the main fun we had. We had what I would refer to and I think I coined this term back 50 years ago; he had what I would call an Abraham Lincoln school. What I mean by that is because the school was so small, we had all the kids from age six when you would start to age 13 when you were in bar mitzvah all in the same classroom. You can imagine the impossibility of keeping the older kids interested and the younger kids being able to keep up. He had to go through this routine and practically start over every week on basic lessons. It was difficult, he was as patient as you could possibly be, but we made fun of his gestures. He would walk around with a ruler. I used to say, is he going to knight us because he tapped you on the shoulder if you were doing badly. \"Ramon, you act like dumbbell now, you don't know.\" One time I skipped Hebrew school not one time, many times, this particular time I did it after doing it several times and he says, \"Ramon, where do you were you yesterday.\" I said, \"My English teacher kept me after school. [He said,] \"Oh is that right, you're not only dumbbell in Hebrew, you're dumbbell in English.\" That was a typical Rabbi Cohen story. Here's the really redeeming part of Rabbi Cohen for me. Tell you what a great guy he is. Not for me, but who he is. When I was about eleven and a half, my parents just gave up on me. They said, \"You don't want to be a Jew, do you?\" I said, \"Yes, I want to a Jew.\" They said, \"You're not going to be bar mitzvahed. You just dropped out of Hebrew school, and they can't get you to go back.\" My parents would take away all my privileges and I still wouldn't go to Hebrew school. I was just too bored doing it. I basically dropped out for a year, and here I am, twelve and a half, and end up in an argument with my aunt Sarah, who had dropped out of the Jewish community, essentially. I start arguing with her about how good the Jews are, and she says, \"Oh yes, you think they're so good, you're not even going to be a bar mitzvah.\" I said, \"Yes I am.\" I got mad at her, and I said I'm going to do it. Here I am twelve and half, out of school for a whole year, I've got to catch up. I go to Rabbi Cohen's back door of their house, which is next door to the synagogue, at night in the dark, knock on the door. I said, \"Rabbi Cohen, I'm terribly embarrassed. I'm so sorry. I made a terrible mistake. Would you possibly accept me back into Hebrew school?\" He said, \"Yes, but from then on . . .\" He says, \"But you not only have to come the four days a week, you have to come an extra hour with me.\" I said, \"Thank you, Rabbi.\" Can you imagine? Not only accepted me but taking the extra time for this derelict Jew to spend this extra time with me. I'm almost breaking the tears when I talk about it to this day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4263.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e That he took the extra time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4506.0,4509.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Took the time, the effort the forgiveness. People talk about forgiveness this is forgiveness I just . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4509.0,4518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a very powerful story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4518.0,4520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e He spent so much time with me that I ended up making one of the top grades in the class, believe it or not, because of the extra time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4520.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure. You devoted your attention to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4530.0,4532.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, do to him, not me. It's for him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4532.0,4534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a beautiful and very sweet story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4534.0,4536.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e By the way, after he died, I'm [at a] Or VeShalom dinner, and I forget who it was a benefit for. This is way later, it's almost 1980-something, and I chose to sit next to Luisa Cohen, his widow, and she was a wonderful personality. I didn't realize how much personality she had as a kid, and we sat around and joked all night. She said, \"Ramon, thank you for all the great stories.\" I said, \"Let me tell you how smart your husband, how wise he was.\" I said, \"When I moved back to Atlanta and came to services here one day,\" he said, \"Ramon,\" he says, \"You gave us so many headaches when you were a child. Can you please come back and give us some of your happiness now?\" That's the kind of guy he was, irreplaceable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4536.0,4584.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e What a great story, thank you for sharing that. We're going to now jump forward a little bit and so you're living in Atlanta with your young son and your daughter. Jody is active in the Jewish community, you're active growing your medical practice. Where did your kids end up going to elementary and high school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4584.0,4606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e They both started off at the Epstein School and then . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4606.0,4613.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Was that when it was on the AA [Ahavath Achim] Synagogue campus, or had it moved to Sandy Springs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4613.0,4616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. It was on the AA Synagogue campus. Then Rachel went to, I think it was Ridgeway Middle School and then Woodward High School. Michael switched to, after he got through with Epstein Grammar School, went to Riverwood High School and he played a little bit of basketball there and believe it or not, I forget what group they had. They played at Peachtree Methodist Church School, so he didn't go to school there but some reason, I don't know . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4616.0,4649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Played a sport there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4649.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Played basketball there, and he's at the Epstein School, so this must have still been grammar school. Rabbi [Harry] Epstein from the Ahavath Achim Synagogue sees him coming with his, coming frequently to the classes and events over at the AA. He's going to the Epstein School, and so he says to Michael one day, \"Michael, I'm glad that you go out into the community and you mix, and you spread goodwill you absorb goodwill.\" He says, \"But once in a while could you wear the Epstein School shirt instead of the Peachtree Methodist School Church,\" and so Michael obviously accommodated him. He wasn't even aware what he was doing. He was still in grammar school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4650.0,4695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did your kids end up going to college, university?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4695.0,4700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Michael ended up going to Wharton. Actually, this is a L'dor V'dor [Hebrew: from generation to generation] story. Rachel went to NYU, but Michael, Michael started off in the pre-med school at University of Pennsylvania taking pre-med courses. He was finished with all of them except organic chemistry. He decided to take that after his second year at Emory University. It's always a tough class, because it has to be the most advanced for your medical. He signs up for it the summer after his second year of Penn, the University of Pennsylvania, comes back to Atlanta. I said, I'm going to let him go through that first day of organic chemistry because he's got to cram it now into one summer, a whole year. Then I'll call him up, it's going to be a rough day. I wait until about five o'clock. I'm at my office and I call him up and I said, \"Michael, how was your first day in organic?\" He says, \"You know, Dad, I drove out to Emory campus.\" He said, \"I couldn't find any parking. I drove around and around. I go outside. I even went off campus.\" He said, \"I looked for even violational zone. Everything was full up.\" He says, \"That took me 45 minutes just to find out I couldn't find parking.\" He said, \"It gave me a lot of time to think.\" He said, \"You know the only reason I was going into medicine was because of you.\" He says, \"I've already worked for Eddie Mendel one summer. I love business. I've taken some business classes. Do you mind if I go into business?\" I said, \"Michael, I went into medicine so you wouldn't have to go into medicine.\" I said, \"I've been waiting to hear you going into business since you were born. I'm happy you're going into the business.\" He switched to the Wharton School of Business and never looked back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4700.0,4808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Good story, and so your son, he's been a successful businessperson in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4808.0,4816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e He interviewed Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs. At that time, Morgan Stanley, believe it or not, was doing more banking than Goldman Sach, so he went with Morgan Stanley. Out of the 84 analysts, they only kept four. They only keep four per year, and he was one of the four. He ended up becoming head of all the real estate for the Americas by year 10 or 12. Then at year 20, he moved over to Vornado Realty Trust. He's president and CFO [Chief Financial Officer] of Vornado. Then Rachel finished at NYU in art history. People ask me sometimes, how does Rachel feel about her major now? I said, \"When it comes to art, she's history.\" She has no interest in art to any great extent. She's got two MBAs [Master of Business Administration], one at Vanderbilt, where was the other one? I'm embarrassed to say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4816.0,4874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is she now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4874.0,4875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e She's here in Atlanta, works for United Health in their organization development business. Gosh, let's see, Vanderbilt. Was the other one at NYU? G-d, I'm so embarrassed, I don't remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4875.0,4889.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Now we're going to flip probably to the apple of your eyes, which are your grandchildren. Tell us a little bit about your children's spouses and your grandchildren.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4889.0,4902.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Michael's roommate in college was Doug Chu, originally from China, their family was from China. He was born here but their family is from China, and they happened to live next door, they lived in Beverly Hills [California]. He was from Beverly Hills, and they lived next door to the Rubin family. Jill Rubin and Doug Chu were soulmates. Doug fixes them up, fixes up Jill Rubin to come to Pennsylvania and meet Michael Franco. They don't get along. Michael goes out to LA one time and Jill, I shouldn't say don't go along, just no attraction there. Michael goes out to visit Doug in Beverly Hills the next year. Dates Jill again. No interest. Then the next time Jill comes up, they fall passionately in love and get married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4902.0,4970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Sweet story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4970.0,4971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4971.0,4972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e They're married and now . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4972.0,4973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Now here's the funny thing, that Jill Rubin, Michael's future wife, was born one day separate from our daughter Rachel at the same hospital . . . In those days they used to keep you in the hospital three or four days when you had a kid. This is 1971, Rachel was born October 24th. Jill, I'm sorry, Jason, Jill's younger brother, excuse me, was born October 23rd, so we walked past each other, I'm sure, in the nursery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4973.0,5004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Great story. How many children do you have from your son, Michael?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5004.0,5008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Michael has two children, Kathy and Lauren. They grew up in New York, went to the Dalton School, and they live, in fact, Michael and Jill, to this day, live about a block away from the Dalton School, Upper East Side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5008.0,5024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Your daughter, Rachel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5024.0,5025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Rachel, she lives here near Beth Tefillah synagogue, not a member there. She's with us at AA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5025.0,5035.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Is she married or with children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5035.0,5036.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e No, she's single. We're looking. We are still looking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5036.0,5042.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, so I want to take a step back or two, and I want you to share with us a little bit about how has Jewish Atlanta changed and evolved from your earliest memories in the 1940's to now 2025? Share with us some of your observations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5042.0,5066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, so to me the great part about early Atlanta was that the community was so tight. It was hard to go anywhere that we went. What I call the Jewish biosphere, in fact in many towns it's the northwest part of the town. Maybe in Chicago [Illinois] it's in the south, but in most towns, I think it's a northwest part of town for some reason. I call it the Jewish Biosphere, and you knew everybody, practically. If you'd go to the Jewish Community Center on Peachtree Road, you knew kids within three or four years of either side of you. That's like an eight year span of kids you know. That's the way we left Atlanta. In other words, we were here until 1968 when I went into the military and then residency. We were gone for, is that just five years? Yes, we were just gone for five years. But in that five years, the Atlanta that I knew that was centered, I guess in those days it really was centered, what we considered the center would be all the way from . . . Highland to the Johnson Estates, which is Johnson Road and Lenox Road, that whole area. That's what we consider to be Jewish Atlanta. We were aware of Northside area, but there weren't that many Jews, and the Jewish kids who were going Northside often didn't feel comfortable there, but many did. I know kids who had a good time and kids who had a bad time there. When we came back, the beltway was built around Atlanta, I-285, and things had gotten scattered. We didn't know where to go, really. When we heard, we were going to move out in Sandy Springs, we said, \"That's nice, but it's not where our heart is.\" You're going to practice with this guy, you want to drive 10 miles a day or 10 minutes a day, so we moved. We originally had an apartment on Roswell Road, called the Westminster Apartments, across the street from the Foxcroft. We stayed in that apartment for a year. I was asked to be, like several doctors, a camp doctor up at Camp Barney Medintz. I felt like such a free spirit up there in an open, not cottage, what'd you call them, the . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5066.0,5210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Cabins.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5210.0,5211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Cabins. Then I said, I got to get a house. Jody had been looking for a house for several months, hadn't found one. I just called a real estate agent, and I said find me a home today. I bought the house, I'm still in 50 years later off of Mount Paran.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5211.0,5228.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a great story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5228.0,5229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e But the point, I'm sorry you all, but the point being is that Atlanta had gotten you know centrifugably scattered, so you had the Dunwoody [Georgia] faction. You even have the Norcross [Georgia] faction. Then you start having places where Jews were afraid to go originally. There were KKK [Ku Klux Klan] chapters in Stone Mountain [Georgia]. Now there's synagogues out there, same thing in Marietta [Georgia] and Roswell [Georgia], so decentralized. We were originally obviously members of the Or VeShalom which I stayed at and kept my associate membership. It was just too far to go and as you probably know, I wasn't the greatest attender. Luckily, I had lots of events to go to at synagogue so that kept me up with most people. In fact, I remember we got . . .  invited to several events at the Beth Jacob, the Orthodox Synagogue. This was going back into the 1970's. It must have been three or four events right within a couple of months and the younger Feldman. Ilan Feldman, his dad was Emanuel Feldman, the head, but the younger Feldman rabbi at Beth Jacob says, \"Ramon,\" he says, \"You're here again.\" I said, \"Yes, thank you for having me.\" He says, \"You come here so much. Why don't you join.\" I said, \"To be honest with you rabbi, I have to make a confession.\" I said, \"I already belong to the Or VeShalom and the AA, and I don't go to synagogue there.\" He says, \"Join here and don't come to synagogue.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e It's nice to know he has a sense of humor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5322.0,5323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e He had a great sense of humor. Ilan had a good sense of humor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5323.0,5327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e As we wrap up, you've had a chance now to reflect a little bit about life in Jewish Atlanta. When you were first getting started, it was a very small Jewish community and very concentrated. Now it's a much larger, more dispersed community. What are your hopes, your wishes and your dreams?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5327.0,5353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, originally, I painted that as mainly decentralized or even negative, which I don't believe because I believe there's . . . such an increase in size in the Jewish population and such an increasing the importance nationally in Jewish organizations and even in US organizations. I feel like, first of all, I think Judaism is so aligned with American values. The founding fathers used Biblical stories from the Old Testament for that very reason the universality of freedom and peaceful congregation. You have different centers in Atlanta . . . some of them are centered around synagogues, some mainly just neighborhoods and fortunately those now can go hand in hand because there's so many synagogues. You have an effect of Temple Sinai, and the effect of the AA, and effect of The Temple. All drawing different centers and different groups of populations in Atlanta with at least 125,000 Jews, I think, maybe more now, maybe 150. Now granted, only maybe 15 percent are truly active, but I think it's a good thing that we have different values, different interests, and keep the diversity going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5353.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much for sharing with us a little bit about your story. We've only . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5430.0,5434.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Maybe too much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5434.0,5435.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e We've only scratched the surface, but this recording will become part of the oral history of the Breman Museum. We thank the Herbert and Esther Taylor family for helping support this effort. Your comments in this interview will now become part of the archives of the Breman Museum, and for that, we thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5435.0,5461.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFRANCO:\u003c/strong\u003e I want to thank you two both for your patience, your time, your interest and your interesting questions. You steered it beautifully.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5461.0,5468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/transcript/81780/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eAROGETI:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5468.0,9070.5"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoel S. Arogeti (b. 1956) is a lawyer and active member of the Atlanta Jewish community. He graduated with his undergraduate degree from George Washington University, he worked for Congressman Elliott H. Levitas both in Washington, DC, and Decatur, Georgia. He received his law degree from Emory University. He has also served as Chair of the Board of The Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta, Hosea Helps, the Boards of The Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta, President of Congregation Or VeShalom, along with board service with The Epstein School Board, The Louis Kahn Group Home, the Atlanta Chapter of the American Jewish Committee and Hillels of Georgia. In 2024, he was appointed to the Board of Directors of Foundation for Jewish Camp. Joel and his wife, Beth, have four children and two grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=0.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=0.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia is the capital and largest city in the state of Georgia. During the American Civil War it was a strategically important city for the Confederacy until it was captured in 1864. The city was almost entirely burnt to the ground during General William Sherman’s March to the Sea. After the war, the city rebounded and became a national industrial center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=0.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph David Franco (1910-2008) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece’s Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States in 1931, becoming a naturalized citizen in 1939. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Isaac, Sam, Victor, Jack, Susie, and Sarah. He attended Emory University, where he graduated with a degree in economics. He worked for the U.S. government in Bogota, Columbia, procuring quinine, a treatment for malaria. In Atlanta, Franco owned apartment buildings and a liquor store, Roxy Liquor Store. He was an active member of Congregation Or VeShalom, serving as vice president. He married Rachael Saul in 1934 and they had five children, Richard, Ramon, Renee, Robert, and Rita. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRhodes is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea, off the southwest coast of Turkey. It is the largest island of the Dodecanese archipelago and serves as the capital of the Greek Islands. In 1912, Rhodes had been seized by Italy and it remained under Italian control until 1943. When Italy surrendered to the Allies, it came under German control. In the early 20th century, Rhodes was home to various ethnic groups, including Jews, whose presence dates back 2,300 years, with Kahal Shalom Synagogue being established in 1557.  In 1840, Jewish citizens were falsely accused of ritually murdering a boy by the Greek Orthodox community in an event that is known as the Rhodes blood libel. At its peak in the 1920s, the Jewish community was one-third of the town's total population. The Jewish community on the island was severely impacted by the Holocaust. In the summer of 1944, 1,673 Jews, known as Rhodeslis, were loaded onto boats and sent to mainland Greece. There, they were loaded onto cattle cars and sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Only about 150 survived. After the war, Rhodes returned to Greece. Few Jews live on the island year-round today. In 1997, the Jewish Museum of Rhodes was established to preserve the Jewish history and culture of Rhodes.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIzmir [Turkish: İzmir] is a city on the west coast of Anatolia and capital of İzmir Province. It is the third most populous city in Turkey [Türkiye] and one of the largest metropolitan areas on the Aegean Sea. Records of urban history for the city date back 3,000 years and the history of human settlement date back 8,500 years. The city has been traditionally known by the Greek name Smyrna, remaining in use until 1930 when it was phased out in favor of the Turkish name Izmir. Izmir is home to Türkiye’s second-largest Jewish community after Istanbul. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ottoman Empire was a state and caliphate created by Turkish tribes that controlled much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. At its height, the empire encompassed most of southeastern Europe to the gates of Vienna, including present-day Hungary and parts of Ukraine. The empire came to an end in 1922, when the Turkish Republic and various successor states in southeastern Europe and the Middle East replaced it.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCatholic monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile established the Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition, commonly known as the “Spanish Inquisition,” in 1478. It was originally intended to ensure the orthodoxy of those who converted to Catholicism from Judaism and Islam. Those Jews who converted were called conversos (converts), and were regarded with deep suspicion by the tribunal. Eventually, all Jews who refused to convert were totally expelled from Spain in 1492. The figures vary dramatically from 800,000 to more modern figures of 40,000 (with about 40,000 Jews converting to avoid expulsion). The Jews immigrated first to Portugal (which in turn expelled them in 1497), and then to North Africa. Some went to Italy, Greece, and other places in Europe. These became the “Sephardim.” The conversos who remained in Spain were heavily persecuted, and, if accused and convicted of being a “crypto-Jew,” were often burned at the stake. Other minorities suffered as well.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJesuit schools are Catholic high schools or universities that are run Jesuits. Jesuits are members of an apostolic Roman Catholic community known as the Society of Jesus.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUmberto II (1904-1983) was the last King of Italy. He’s reign only lasted 34 days from May 9, 1946-June 12, 1946. He was the third child and only son born to Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and Elena of Montenegro. A referendum in June 1946 saw voters voting to abolish the monarchy and Italy was declared a republic. He lived out the rest of his life in exile in Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera. He married Marie-José of Belgium and they had three daughters and one son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=49.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuenos Aires is the capital of Argentia. The city is located on the western shore of the Rio de la Plata on the country’s southeastern coast. The city was first established in February 1536 by Spanish explorer and conquistador, Pedro de Mendoza. Today the city is considered a global city, which is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMadrid, Spain is the capital and most populous city in Spain. It is the second-largest city in the European Union. The city dates back to the 9th century. A few of the city’s landmarks include the Plaza Mayor, the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Royal Theatre, and the Buen Retiro Park.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRamón Franco (1896-1938) was a Spanish pioneer of aviation and the brother of General Francisco Franco of Spain. He became a national hero in 1926 when he piloted the flying boat Plus Ultra on a transatlantic flight that took 59 hours and 39 minutes. Despite his leftist political past, he joined the Nationalist side when the Spanish Civil War broke out in July 1936. His brother, Francisco was the main leader of the Nationalist. Franco died in an air crash in October 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrancisco Franco (1892-1975) was born in El Ferrol, Spain. He joined the Spanish military 1907 at 14 years old and by 1939 had become dictator of Spain after leading an uprising against the presiding administration after the Spanish Civil War. During World War II, Franco sided with the Axis alliance although Spain did not directly commit their military to the war effort. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRebecca [Amato] Saul (1892-1982) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Saul was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and married Raymond Saul in 1912. Together they had three children, Rachel, and later, Sarah and Esther. She immigrated to Asheville, North Carolina in 1913 with her daughter Rachel to join her husband, Raymond, becoming a naturalized citizen in 1932. She raised her family in Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRaymond (born Rahamin) Saul (1886-1953) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Saul was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and married Rebecca Amato in 1912. Together they had three children, Rachel, and later, Sarah and Esther. He immigrated to Asheville, North Carolina, becoming a naturalized citizen in 1925. He was joined by his wife and daughter Rachel in 1913. He owned delicatessens in Asheville and Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReina Piha Franco (1872-1966) was originally from the isle of Rhodes. She immigrated to the United States in 1934 and settled in Atlanta, Georgia. She was married to David Franco and together they had eight children Morris, Isaac, Sam, Joseph, Victor, Jack, Sarah Franco Page and Aaron, who died in childhood. Renia also raised Susie Franco Benton (aka Bohora Sultana), who was the daughter born to David Franco and his first wife, Rachele, who was Renia’s older sister.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavid Franco (1852-1932) was born on the isle of Rhodes in Greece. His first wife was Rachele Piha, and they had one daughter, Susie Franco Benton (aka Bohora Sultana). After Rachele’s death, he married Rachele’s younger sister Reina. Together they had seven sons and one daughter, Morris, Victor, Isaac, Sam, Jack, Joseph, Sarah Page and Aaron, who died in childhood. He died on Rhodes prior to the rest of the family immigrating to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=171.0,252.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTrinity College in Dublin, Ireland. It legally incorporated as Trinity College, the University of Dublin. It was founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I through a royal charter. It is one of the extant seven “ancient universities” of Great Britian and Ireland.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=259.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDublin is the capital of the Republic of Ireland. It is located on the country’s east coast on the mouth of the River Liffey. The city was initially settled by the Gaels sometime in the 7th century, followed by the Vikings. By the 12th century, the city was Ireland’s principal settlement and as of today the greater Dublin area has more than two million people. The city was impacted by the Easter Uprising of 1916, the Irish War of Independence, and Irish Civil War. During the Northern Ireland Troubles, the city was about bombed various times.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=259.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University is a private research university in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded in 1836 as \"Emory College\" by the Methodist Episcopal Church and named in honor of Methodist bishop John Emory, Emory is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=259.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBubonic plague is a rare but serious bacterial infection that is transmitted by fleas. It can be deadly unless treated with antibiotics.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=361.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAaron Franco (1906-1918) was born on the isle of Rhodes. He was the youngest child born to David and Renia Franco. He died at the age of 12 from an illness.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=361.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam “Billy” Beton (1903-1960) was born on the isle of Rhodes and is the oldest child of Sue and Morris Beton. He immigrated to the United States and became a US citizen in 1927. In 1932, he married Eleanor Holtzberg, and they had two daughters. He owned the Beton Company, an import-export firm in San Francisco.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=361.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSue (fka Bohora Sultana) Franco Beton (1882-1971) was born in Rhodes, Turkey. She was the daughter of David and Rachele Piha Franco. After her mother’s death in 1889, she was raised by her aunt and stepmother Renia Piha Franco. She and her husband Morris Beton had four children, William, Rachel, Nathan and Solomon. She immigrated to the United States and lived in San Francisco, California and Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=361.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris David Franco (1892-1970) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States where he joined Congregation Or VeShalom and served as president of the congregation. He was the owner of Atkins Park Deli and a member of B'nai B'rith and the Progressive Club. Franco had seven siblings, Isaac, Sam, Joe, Victor, Jack, Susie, and Sarah. He married Salva Tarica and they had two children, David and Aaron. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVictor David Franco (1896-1965) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States where he joined Congregation Or VeShalom. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Isaac, Sam, Joe, Jack, Susie, and Sarah. He married Mary de Leon and they had one child, David in 1939. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsaac David Franco (1899-1990) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States and became a naturalized citizen in 1923. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Sam, Joe, Victor, Jack, Susie, and Sarah. He owned and operated delicatessens in Atlanta and was an active member of Congregation Or VeShalom for over 75 years. He married Rachel Amato and they had one child, Renee. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack David Franco (1904-1999) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States where he joined Congregation Or VeShalom. He owned multiple delicatessens in Atlanta, including Franco’s Delicatessen and Roxy’s Delicatessen. He was a member of B'nai B'rith and a supporter of Israel Bonds. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Isaac, Sam, Joe, Victor, Susie, and Sarah. He married Catherine Benbenisty and together they had three children, Betty, Stella, and Jeanie. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNew York City is located in New York state. It is also known by the nicknames the Big Apple or NYC. It is the largest city by population and metropolitan area in the United States. It is made up of five boroughs sitting where the Hudson River meets the Atlantic Ocean. The city was settled in 1624 and in 1664 it was named for the Duke of York, later King James II of England. The city is a global center for everything from finance to arts and fashion to international diplomacy as the home of the United Nations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSam David Franco (1902-1977) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Rhodes, Greece's Dodecanese islands, and immigrated to the United States where he joined Congregation Or VeShalom. Franco had seven siblings, Morris, Isaac, Joe, Victor, Jack, Susie, and Sarah. He married Marie Franco and together they had two children, David and Rachel. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSarah Franco Page (1913-1980) was on the isle of Rhodes. She was the youngest child born to David and Renia Franco. She immigrated to the United States in 1934. Sarah was married to Albert Page, and they had two sons and daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbert Page (1906-1986) was born on the isle of Rhodes and immigrated to the United States in 1914. In 1937, he married Sarah Franco, daughter of David and Renia Franco. They had three children, Gerald, David and Kathleen.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=446.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShiva, literally “seven,” is the week-long mourning period in Judaism for first-degree relatives: father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister and spouse. The ritual is referred to as “sitting shiva.” Immediately after burial, first-degree relatives assume the status of “mourner.” This state lasts for seven days, during which the family members traditionally gather in one home and receive visitors. At the funeral, mourners traditionally wear an outer garment, a ritual known as “kerish.” This garment is worn throughout shiva. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAgnes Scott College is a private women’s liberal arts college in Decatur, Georgia. It was established in 1889 and is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church. It is also considered one of the Seven Sisters of the South, which is the name given to seven colleges located in Georgia, Virginia, and North Carolina. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Voluntary Militia for National Society, commonly called the Blackshirts, was originally the paramilitary wing of the National Fascist Party. The Blackshirts existed from February 1, 1923 until September 8, 1943. It’s members were distinguished by their black uniforms and their loyalty to Benito Mussolini.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Sturmabteilung, also known as the “Storm Troopers,” “Brown Shirts,” or “SA,” was the paramilitary of the Nazi Party commanded by Ernst Röhm and responsible for helping Adolf Hitler rise to power in Germany in the 1920s and early 1930s. By 1934, tensions within the party saw Heinrich Himmler and the SS (Schutzstaffel) replace Rohm and the Sturmabteilung’s position as the dominant organization within the Nazi Party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Silver Legion of America, commonly known as the \"Silver Shirts,\" was a white-supremacist, antisemitic American organization founded by William Dudley Pelley that was announced publicly in 1933. The paramilitary group’s uniform shirts bore a scarlet letter “L” over the heart meant to symbolize Loyalty to the United States, Liberation from materialism, and the Silver Legion itself. The declaration of war on the United States by Nazi Germany led to the group’s rapid decline.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThomas “Tom” Wolfe (1930-2018) was an American author and journalist. He was widely known for his association with New Journalism, a style of news writing and journalism the developed in the 1960’s and 1970’s. He gained prominence in the 1960’s with non-fiction books including The Electric Kool-Aid Test and in 1979, The Right Stuff about the Mercury Seven astronauts. His first novel The Bonfire of the Vanities was published in 1987 and was adapted into a film.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThomas Clayton Wolfe (1900-1938) was a major American novelist of the early twentieth century. Wolfe wrote four lengthy novels as well as many short stories, dramatic works, and novellas. He is known for mixing highly original, poetic, rhapsodic, and impressionistic prose with autobiographical writing. One of Wolfe’s most famous passages comes from his novel You Can't Go Home Again, which was published posthumously in 1940. The passage reads: You can't go back to your family, back home to your childhood, back home to romantic love, back home to a young man's dreams of glory and of fame, back home to exile, to escape to Europe and some foreign land, back home to lyricism, to singing just for singing's sake, back home to aestheticism, to one's youthful idea of \"the artist\" and the all-sufficiency of \"art\" and \"beauty,\" back home to the ivory tower, back home to places in the country, to the cottage in Bermuda, away from all the strife and conflict of the world, back home to the father you have lost, and have been looking for, back home to someone who can help you, save you, ease the burden for you, back home to the old forms and systems of things which once seemed everlasting but which are changing all the time--back home to the escapes of Time and Memory.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAsheville is a city in western North Carolina’s Blue Ridge Mountains. The first Jewish residents arrived around 1880. By 1947, Asheville’s Jewish population was 600. Today, the city is home to western North Carolina’s largest Jewish community. In 1891, Congregation Beth HaTephila was founded as the first synagogue in Asheville, North Carolina. Although initially it identified as a Conservative synagogue, it soon became a Reform synagogue. By 1902, it was meeting in a former church the congregation had purchased and by 1949, it had built its own synagogue. In 1899, a small group that was dissatisfied with the Reform practices at Congregation Beth HaTephila, founded a second synagogue. Bikur Cholim officially joined the Conservative movement in 1949 and in 1950, changed its name to Beth Israel. In 1939, the Jewish Community Center was founded. The preschool at the Jewish Community Center, Shalom Children’s Center, was founded by German holocaust survivor Hilde Cohn Hoffman. Its infant and toddler program is known as Hilde’s House in her honor. Hilde’s testimony is housed at the Breman Museum’s The Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEsther Saul Capes (b. 1929) was born in Asheville, North Carolina. She is the youngest daughter of Raymond and Rebecca Amato Saul. She was married to William Capes, who passed away in 2006. They had one daughter, Rebecca.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSara Saul (1924-1993) was the daughter of Raymond and Rebecca Amato Saul. She attended Agnes Scott College. She was an executive with the Maryland Baking Company. Sara was the younger sister of Rachel Saul Franco.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRachel [Saul] Franco (1913-1998) was a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. Franco was born in Izmir [Turkish: İzmir], Turkey [Türkiye], and immigrated to the United States in 1913. She grew up in Asheville, North Carolina, and moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where she met Joseph Franco. They married in 1934 and they had five children, Richard, Ramon, Renee, Robert, and Rita.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=509.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eForeign Service officers are U.S. diplomates and consulars workers who work with foreign governments, engage with foreign citizens, and also inform and influence U.S. foreign policy while working on issues related to safety and security of American citizens and advance U.S. interests. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=692.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBogota [Spanish: Bogotá], known officially as Bogotá, Distrito Capital, and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá during the Spanish Colonial period, is the capital city of Colombia. Bogota is one of the largest cities in the world, and the main political economic, administrative, industrial, technological, and educational center of Colombia. The city was founded as the capital of the New Kingdom of Granada in 1538 by Spain. Colombia gained independence in 1810 and the city was later renamed Bogota as a way of honoring the Muisca indigenous people and an act of emancipation towards the Spanish Empire. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=692.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joseph Isaac Cohen (1896-1985) was born in Constantinople (now Istanbul), Turkey. He was trained for the rabbinate in Turkey and accepted his first pulpit in Havana, Cuba in 1920. In 1934 he moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he was installed as the rabbi of Congregation Or VeShalom, a Sephardic synagogue. Rabbi Cohen officially retired in 1969, but remained active at both the synagogue and in the community until his death. He married Luisa Palatchi in 1925 in Cuba. Together they had two sons, Allan and Ned. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=796.0,800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Or VeShalom was established in Atlanta, Georgia by refugees of the Ottoman Empire, namely from Turkey and the Isle of Rhodes. The Sephardic congregation began in 1920 and was based at Central and Woodward Avenues until 1948 when it moved to a larger building on North Highland Road. Or VeShalom’s current synagogue is located on North Druid Hills Road. As of 2022, the congregation’s rabbi is Josh Hearshen.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=805.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePan-American Life Insurance was started in 1911 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Crawford H. Ellis, Edward Simmons, Marion Souchon, and Eugene McGivney founded the company. The company initially work to provide insurance needs for individuals and businesses in Latin America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=830.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMetropolitan Life Insurance Company, often known as MetLife, was founded in March 1868. It is now among the largest global providers of insurance, annuities, and employee benefit programs. MetLife’s corporate headquarters is in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=830.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrito-Lay was founded in 1961 with the merger of The Frito Company and H.W. Lay \u0026amp; Company. In 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company. Today, it is a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo. The company manufactures, markets, and sells corn chips, potato chips, and other snack foods. The brands produced by the company include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos, Doritos, Tostitos, Lay’s and Ruffles.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=830.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA severe worldwide economic downturn known as the Great Depression began in the United States in 1929. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century with far-reaching effects around the globe, especially in Europe. In Europe, World War I had a long-term impact on the economy and financial stability. Postwar inflation spiraled into hyperinflation by the 1920’s and European banks struggled to stay open. Exasperating the situation were skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Great Depression had immediately visible political and social ramifications in Europe, including increased antisemitism and nationalism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=830.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California is officially the city and county of San Francisco. It is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city was founded in 1776 as a Spanish mission and officially incorporated in 1850. The city is known for landmarks including the Golden Gate Bridge, cable cars, Alcatraz prison, Chinatown, and the Mission districts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=895.0,950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRichard Franco (b. 1939) is an Atlanta native and a member of the Atlanta Jewish community. His family lived for a few years in Bogota, Colombia where his father worked for the Board of Economic Warfare. He attended Grady High School and later attended Emory University. He received his medical degree from Emory University School of Medicine and was a neurologist. He married Phyllis Alterman Franco in 1960, and they had three children, Lewis, Rebecca, and Meryl. He worked as a physician until he retired in 2012 to care for his wife, who had developed Alzheimer’s. Richard is active in the Jewish community and general community with various organizations, especially in the field of neurology.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=952.0,963.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAshkenazi Jews [also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim] are Jews who originally lived in northern and eastern Europe. They once lived in the area of Rhineland and France and after the crusades they moved to Poland, Lithuania and Russia. In the 17th century, avoiding persecution, many Jews moved to and settled in Western Europe. As of 2018, Ashkenazim account for about 75% of the world's Jewish population.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=969.0,973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorma Renee Franco (b. 1943) is a member of the Atlanta Jewish community and one of four children born to Joseph David Franco and Rachel [Saul] Franco. She was born in Bogota [Spanish: Bogotá], Colombia while her father was stationed there with the Board of Economic Warfare. She is a retired geriatric social worker at Emory Hospital. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1004.0,1082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert M. Franco (b. 1953) was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and is the son of Joseph and Rachel Saul Franco. He attended Northside High School. He was a principal at Manning \u0026amp; Nozick Insurance Agency, which was bought out by Brown \u0026amp; Brown, Inc. in 2018. In 1986, he married Sara Zaban Franco, and they have three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1004.0,1082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRita Franco Gilbert (b. 1956) was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and is the youngest child born to Joseph and Rachel Saul Franco. She attended Northside High School and attended the University of Georgia and Georgia State University. She is married to Craig Gilbert and they have one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1004.0,1082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePonce de Leon Avenue, often simply called “Ponce,” provides a link between Atlanta, Decatur, Clarkston, and Stone Mountain, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1123.0,1135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeachtree Street is a major road that runs through Atlanta, Georgia. It starts at Five Points in downtown and runs north through Midtown. A few blocks after it enters into the Buckhead neighborhood the name changes to Peachtree Road at Deering Road. The street contains many of the city’s historic architecture and is used for various annual parades and major parades like World Series victory parades.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1123.0,1135.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fox Theatre is located on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta. The theater was originally planned as part of a large Shrine Temple as evidenced by its Moorish design. The theater was ultimately developed as a lavish movie palace, opening in 1929. The auditorium replicates an Arabian courtyard under a night sky of flickering stars and drifting clouds. The Fox Theatre now hosts cultural and artistic events, and concerts by popular artists.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1136.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWaldorf Liquor Store was located on 239 Ponce de Leon Ave NE. It was one of several liquor stores the Franco brothers, Sam, Isaac, Victor, Jack, Joseph, and David operated or owned the property.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1136.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoxy Delicatessen was a Jewish delicatessen owned and operated by Jack Franco. It was located on Tenth Street near Peachtree. It was a popular restaurant for many in the community including author Margaret Mitchell and Georgia’s Governor. The deli closed in 1969 when the neighborhood began to decline. The Franco family also owned a liquor store known as Roxy Liquor Store located on 90 Luckie Street NW in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1136.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMidtown High School, formerly Henry W. Grady High School, is a public high school located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It began as Boys High School and was one of the first two high schools established by Atlanta Public Schools in 1872. In 1947, the school was named after Henry W. Grady, a famous journalist and orator in the Reconstruction Era, but controversially, a white supremacist. In December 2020, the school's name was changed to Midtown High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1180.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel M. Inman Middle School began as an elementary school in 1924, named for Samuel Martin Inman (1843-1915), an Atlanta civic leader who was passionate about education and philanthropy. The school has been enlarged many times over the years, and in 1978, Inman was converted into a middle school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1180.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorningside Elementary School is an Atlanta Public School that opened in 1929 in the Morningside neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia. Morningside feeds into Inman Middle School and Grady High School. It serves the neighborhoods of Morningside, Lenox Park, Sherwood Forest, Piedmont Heights, and Ansley Park.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1180.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSidney R. Tourial (1943- ), a native Atlantan, is a dentist in private practice with a specialty in prosthodontics, the cosmetic restoration and replacement of teeth. He was a Clinical Instructor and Associate Professor of Fixed Prosthodontics at Emory University from 1971 to 1984. He is a past president of the Georgia Dental Association. He was a past president of Congregation Or VeShalom and has been a board member of the Atlanta Jewish Community Center (now Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta) and the Epstein School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1238.0,1275.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Solomon Cohen (b. 1943) is a dentist from Atlanta, Georgia. He is the youngest son of David and Sarah Cohen. He attended the University of Georgia and Emory University Dental School. During the Vietnam War, he was an officer with the U.S. Navy and was attached to the 1st Marine Air Wing. He participated in the U.S. Pacification Project and was awarded the Navy Achievement Medal. He is a member of the American Dental Association, the Northern District Dental Society, and the Hinman Study Club. Solomon is also a member of Congregation Or VeShalom. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1238.0,1275.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbert D. Cohen (b. 1941) is an Atlanta, Georgia native and son of David and Sarah Cohen. He attended Georgia Tech. In 1963, he married Phyllis Rich. He is a member of Congregation Or VeShalom.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1238.0,1275.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of North Carolina is the multi-campus public university for the state of North Carolina. It includes 16 public universities and the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. UNC-Chapel Hill is the university’s flagship school and was the nation’s first public school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn F. Clonts Jr. (1926-2005) was a Georgia native, and son of John and Frances Babb Clonts. He was the Industrial Arts Coordinator for the Fulton County Public School and taught at Henry Grady High School. During World War II, he served in the US Navy. Clonts was active in the West Cobb Lions Club, the American Legion, the American Motorcycle Association, and the Boy Scouts of America. He and his wife Catherine had two sons, John III and Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRufus Godwin (1901-1963) was a native of Americus, Georgia. He earned his bachelor’s and master’s degree from Auburn University. He stared teaching in the Atlanta Public Schools in 1927. Goodwin taught at Commercial, Boys and Grady High School. He also taught evening classes at Georgia Tech and Georgia State College. During World War II he served in the Army Signal Corps. He and his wife, Catherine Entrekin had one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoel Blass (1942-2002) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and youngest child of Simon and Evelyn Blass. He graduated from Henry Grady High School and attended the University of North Carolina. He worked for the State of Georgia for over 30 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Herman (1942-1999) was a native of Brooklyn, New York, and son of Morris and Goldie Rosenblum Herman. He earned his Doctorate of Law degree in 1964 from Emory University. He was a senior partner at Herman \u0026amp; Sleppy and later at Freeman, Wright and Herman. He specialized in personal injury, wrongful death, and product liability cases. He and his wife Marsha had three sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Arthur B. Silver (b. 1942) an Atlanta, Georgia native and son of Louis and Esther Silver. He is an orthodontic dentist in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated from Emory University Dental School, where he also earned his Master of Orthodontics degree. He has been in private orthodontic practice for over 30 years. He is a member of dental and orthodontic societies, including the American Association of Orthodontists, the Georgia Society of Orthodontics, and the Georgia Dental Association. He is married to Carla Weitz, and they have three children. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The congregation first met in a rented grocery store on Parkway Drive. It moved to a permanent location on Boulevard when it purchased and renovated a two-story apartment building. In 1956, it converted the Tabernacle Baptist Church on Boulevard to a synagogue. It built its current synagogue building on a five-acre lot on LaVista Road in 1961. Rabbi Joseph Safra was the congregation’s first permanent rabbi in 1951, followed by Rabbi Emanuel Feldman from 1952 to 1991. Rabbi Ilan Feldman has been the congregation’s Senior Rabbi since his father Emanuel’s retirement in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJay D. Kessler (b. 1942) is an Atlanta, Georgia native and son of Dr. Reuben and Sarah Liberson Kessler. He attended Henry Grady High School and the University of Georgia. He has been president of Lib Properties since 1979. He is married to Judy Kessler.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEllis Wolbe (b. 1942) was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Manuel and Beatrice Wolbe. He attended Henry Grady High School and the University of Texas. He has been married several times. He married his current wife, Susan Churney in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBruce B. Finkelstein (1942-2019) born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia. He was the son of Joe and Blume Finkelstein. He attended Henry Grady High School, and he served in the United States Marine Reserve. In 2000, he married his wife, Shirley.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCary Rubin (1942-2002) was an Atlanta, Georgia native, and the youngest child of Elliott and Bertha Rubin. He attended Henry Grady High School and the University of Georgia. He was married to Peggy Rubin. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1277.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for Black and white students unconstitutional. The ruling paved the way for integration and the civil rights movement.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1351.0,1409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Stanley Tenenbaum (b. 1942) is an Atlanta native and son of Morris and Bessie Tenenbaum. He attended Henry Grady High School and Emory University for his bachelor and medical degree. His medical practice focused on pediatrics. In 1964, he married Susan Brown, and they have three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1351.0,1409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStanley Isaacson (1942-2021) was an Atlanta, Georgia native, and was the son of Joseph and Edith Isaacson. He attended Grady High School and Emory University. He earned his dental degree at Emory University and worked as a dentist in Atlanta. He also volunteered at the Ben Massell Clinic. Isaacson also served as a lieutenant in the United States Air Force Reserves.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1351.0,1409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJeanie Franco Marx (b. 1942) is an Atlanta, Georgia native and daughter of Jack and Catherine Franco. She attended Henry Grady High School and Oglethorpe University. She earned her master’s degree from UCLA and worked as a journalist and copywriter. Her first husband was Stanford Hallen, and they had one daughter. In 1994, she married Albert Marx.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1413.0,1432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJody Breen Franco (b. 1944) is an Atlanta native, and daughter of Emanuel “Mike” and Rebecca Breen. She attended Henry Grady High School. She attended Sophie Newcomb College at Tulane, and later Georgia State College. She worked as a teacher. In 1964, she married Ramon Franco, and they have two children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJerry Greenbaum (b. 1941) expanded his father Leonard Greenbaum's liquor business to a second store on Buford Highway, north of Lenox Road, in Atlanta. He became chairman of a family-owned business that includes restaurants, alcohol outlets and real estate companies, and founded the CentraArchy Restaurant Group. He was an amateur golfer who was chosen by the Atlanta Professional Golf Association as Atlanta's Golfer of the Year, 1958 and inducted into the Georgia Golf Hall of Fame. He is a graduate of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLinda Ray Klein (b. 1946) is an Atlanta, Georgia native. She is the daughter of Milton and Evelyn Klein. She attended Northside High School and the University of Pennsylvania. She worked for the US Food and Nutrition Service.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorthside High School opened as a Fulton County, Georgia school in 1950. It became part of the Atlanta Public Schools (APS) when the property was annexed into the city of Atlanta. In 1991, the Atlanta Board of Education formed North Atlanta High School by combining North Fulton High School and Northside High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLois Levin Frank Gurvey (b. 1943) was born in Georgia and is the daughter of Oscar and Doris Levin. She graduated from Northside High School and the University of Alabama. In 1963, she married Morris Frank, and they had a son and daughter. In 1988, she married Lesile Gurvey, and they were married until his death in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGreen’s Beverages is a liquor store that was opened by Leonard Greenbaum and his brother Irwin. Their second location was called Tower. The brother’s split the business in 1963 with Leonard keeping the Green’s name. He was later joined by his son, Jerry. The original store was located on Ponce de Leon and a second store was opened on Buford Highway. The business has expanded to South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTower Beer and Wine is a liquor store business that was opened in 1948 by Irwin Greenbaum and his brother Leonard Greenbaum. The business’ first location is now called Green’s and is located on Ponce de Leon. The second store was Tower. In 1963, the brothers split the business with Irwin keeping the Tower name and Leonard taking the Green’s name. Irwin’s son Michael joined his father in the business in 1969, and the number of stores expanded. Today Michael’s son, David also works in the business. The family has also created Tower Lights, a non-profit charity that raises move for children’s health care programs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarylyn Greenbaum Crystal (b. 1942) is the daughter of Irvin and Edna Greenbaum. She has a twin sister Elaine Greenbaum Lichtenstein. She graduated from Henry Grady High School, Newcomb College at Tulane, and New York University. In 1965, she married Richard Crystal\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElaine Greenbaum Lichtenstein (b. 1942) is the daughter of Irvin and Edna Greenbaum. She has a twin sister, Marylyn Greenbaum Crystal. She attended Henry Grady High School and Newcomb College at Tulane University. She earned a MA from New York University and Columbia and a doctorate in psychology from Pace University. She worked as a teacher and psychologist. Her first husband was Joel Friedman, but they later divorced. In 2000, she married Norman Lichtenstein.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCarole Weinman Fierman (abt. 1942) is the daughter of Melvin and Libby Elson. She graduated from Henry Grady High School and attended Sophie Newcomb College. In 1962, she married Robert Fierman. Carole has been active with the Birmingham Jewish Community Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarbara “Bonnie” Spindel Friedman (b. 1942) was born in Florida, but later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. She is the daughter of Gilbert and Edna Spindel. She attended Henry Grady High School and Georgia Tech. In 1963, she married Myles Friedman, and they live in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1435.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntisemitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1481.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles O. Morris (1908-1973) was a Georgia native. He attended Piedmont College and earned his master’s degree from Oglethorpe University. He taught at Tech High School and later worked as a counselor at Henry Grady High School. He served as the president of the Georgia Personnel and Guidance Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1503.0,1626.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSAT is a standardized test that has been widely used for college admission in the United States. It originally debuted in 1926 and has changed over time. In recent years, more colleges are made SAT scores an optional requirement with college applications.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1627.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy League is an American collegiate athletic conference that is made of eight private research universities in the northeastern United States. The schools included Brown University, Columbia University, Yale University, Harvard University, Princeton University, Cornell University, Dartmouth University, and the University of Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1627.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMcDonough is a city in Henry County, Georgia. The city is named for naval officer Commodore Thomas Macdonough. It was founded in 1823 around a traditional town square design. It is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area and is located about 32 miles from Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1627.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Brothers Construction Company is now known as Williams Brothers Development. The company’s origins come from William Brothers Lumber Company, which was started in the 1920’s by H. R. Williams. The company grew into a construction company and later expanded into concrete. Today, the business focuses on real estate development and construction.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=1627.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRenie Blass Weinstein (b. 1944) is an Atlanta, Georgia native and daughter of Nathan and Shirley Blass. She attended Henry Grady High School and Oglethorpe University. In 1964, she married Alan Weinstein, who is a dentist that specialized in oral and maxillofacial surgery. They have two children and four grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGladys Moskowitz Leitman (b. 1944) is the daughter of Jack and Mildred Moskowitz. She attended Henry Grady High School and the University of Georgia. In 1968, she married Robert Leitman, and they had two sons. They were members of Congregation Rodeph Sholom in Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLinda Sims Estroff (b. 1944) is an Atlanta, Georgia native and daughter of David and Rose Sims. She attended Henry Grady High School and Ohio State University. In 1967, she married her husband Abram, and they have a son and daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSusan Baron Coffae (b. 1945) is the daughter of Hyman and Rosalind Baron. She attended Henry Grady High School and Ohio State University. Susan worked as a real estate agent. In 1965, she married Kenneth Coffae and they had two children. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2029.0,2147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLester Breen (1937-2022) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and son of Emanuel and Rebecca Kulbersh Breen. He attended Henry Grady High School, where he was a basketball star. He graduated from Emory University and the University of Maryland Dental School. He served in the Navy for two years and later returned to school for training in Endodontics. In his mid-50’s, he retired from dentistry and got his MBA at Kennesaw State University and worked for a small investment firm. In 1968, he married Betty Hutman, and they had a daughter and son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2190.0,2213.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGalveston, Texas is coastal port city in southeast Texas. During the 19th century, the city was one of the major commercial centers and one of the largest ports in the United States. The city was devastated by a hurricane in 1900 but was rebuilt. Today the city is the largest suburb of Houston and the county site of Galveston County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2190.0,2213.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (1926-2016) was a Cuban Communist revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008. He was leader of the Cuban Revolution, an armed uprising in Cuba that overthrew the government of Fulgencio Batista on January 1, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2231.0,2327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack Parr (1918-2004) was an American radio and television comedian, author, and talk show host. He was the second host of “The Tonight Show” on NBC from 1957 to 1962. He later had a primetime show called “The Jack Paar Program” which ran from 1962 to 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2231.0,2327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRebecca “Bea” Kulbersh Breen (1911-2011) was an Atlanta, Georgia native. Her parents were Russian immigrants, Sam and Annie Kulbresh. She was an active volunteer with B’nai B’rith Women, the American Red Cross and other organizations. She was selected by the Red Cross as Volunteer of the Year for the State of Georgia. She was married to Emanuel “Mike” Breen for 74 years. They had two children, Dr. Lester Breen and Jody Breen Franco and four grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2328.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColumbus is a city in western Georgia and lies on the Chattahoochee River directly across from Phenix City, Alabama. The city was founded in 1828 and is named for Christopher Columbus. The city was the site of the last land battle of the Civil War. The Battle of Columbus, Georgia occurred on April 16, 1865 after the Lee’s surrender and the assassination of President Lincoln. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2328.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmanuel “Mike” Breen (1903-2006) was born in Somerville, New Jersey but grew up in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. He attended North Carolina State University. He worked as a textile sales representative. He was also active with the Scottish Rite Mason and a Past Grand Master of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was married to Rebecca Kulbresh for 74 years. They had two children, Dr. Lester Breen and Jody Breen Franco and four grandchildren.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2328.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is an agency of the United States federal government responsible for collection U.S. federal taxes and administering the Internal Revenue Code, which is main body of the federal statutory tax law. The agency was established in July 1862 during President Abraham Lincoln’s administration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2328.0,2353.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbert Einstein (1879-1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. He was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and, being Jewish, did not go back to Germany, where he had been a professor at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He settled in the U.S., becoming an American citizen in 1940. On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential development of extremely powerful bombs of a new type and recommending that the U.S. begin similar research. This eventually led to what would become the Manhattan Project. Einstein was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2363.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSandy Koufax (b. 1935) is an American professional baseball player who played 12 years from 1955 to 1966 for the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pitchers in baseball history. He won the Cy Young Award three times, the National League Most Valuable Player in 1963 and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1972 at the age of 36. He had to retire at age 30 due to chronic pain in his pitching elbow.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2363.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMickey Mantle (1931-1995) was an American professional baseball player who played his entire career from 1951-1968 with the New York Yankees. He mainly played center field and is often regarded as one of the greatest players and hitters of all time. Mantle was a switch hitter and is the only player to hit 150 home runs from each side of the plate. He was named the American League Most Valuable Player three times and inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2363.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHenri Bergson (1859-1941) was a French philosopher who was influential in the traditions of analytic philosophy and continental philosophy. He was a professor at Collège de France. In 1927, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2363.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStanford Israel Makover (1924-2005) was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and moved with his family to Atlanta, Georgia in 1928. His father Thomas started Shirley of Atlanta, a manufacturer of wholesale dresses. Stanford and his older brother Sylvan later ran the business. Stanford was president of the Jewish Progressive Club from 1957-1958 and was active in the Atlanta Jewish Federation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Michael Blass (1941-2022) was an Atlanta native and the son of Nathan and Shirley Blass. He attended Morningside Elementary, Henry Grady High School, and the University of North Carolina. He graduated from Emory’s School of Dentistry. Blass practiced with his father and later his brother-in-law for 36 years, and he was an associate professor at Emory. After retiring, he became a certified coach with the United States Professional Tennis Association. He was married to Eleanor Dannerman and they had three children.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarold Gelber (b. 1941) was born in New York and is the son of Ira and Frances Gelber. He attended Henry Grady High School and the University of North Carolina. He married his first wife, Rona Surenko, in 1966. In 1995, he married Pat Mackin, and they live in Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStuart Elliott Eizenstat (b. 1943) is a diplomat and attorney, he held various White House positions under Presidents Carter and Clinton. He served as the United States Ambassador to the European Union from 1993 to 1996 and as the United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001. He is an advocate for Holocaust restitution and has devoted much of his career to this effort. He received his doctorate from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was married to Frances Eizenstat until her death in 2013, together they had two sons, Jay and Brian. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJack E. Leonard (1910-1973) was an American comedian and actor who made frequent appearances on television variety and game shows. He gained national exposure on “The Tonight Show” hosted by Jack Paar and worked steadily in Las Vegas. Leonard was known for his sarcastic and aggressive “insult humor.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2422.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeo Eizenstat (1911-1986) was born in Atlanta, Georgia. Leo served in the United States Army during World War II, training soldiers on the use of the Morse Code at various bases throughout the country. Later, he worked for Berle Shoe Company. In 1943, he married Sylvia Medintz. He is the father of Stuart Eizenstat, President Jimmy Carter's Chief Domestic Policy Adviser, and a senior official in the Clinton Administration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2566.0,2567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSylvia Medintz Eizenstat (1914-2007) was born in Chicago, Illinois. She was the younger sister of Barney Medintz. She moved to Atlanta, Georgia to marry Leo Eizenstat when he was serving in the US Army during World War II. She is the mother of Stuart Eizenstat, President Jimmy Carter's Chief Domestic Policy Adviser, and a senior official in the Clinton Administration. She was President of Pioneer Women (now Na'Amat), and founded the Minyonaires group at the Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, to which she and her family belonged for over 60 years. Sylvia was a well-known docent at the Carter Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2580.0,2581.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhillip Medintz (1942-2023) was an Atlanta, Georgia native and eldest child of Barney and Dorothy Davis Medintz. He attended Grady High School and the University of Illinois-Champaign. Phillip took over the family business, Service Uniform after his father's death in 1960 and operated it until his retirement. In 1966, he married Robin Sears. They had three children, Amy, Barry, and Debbie, and four grandchildren. He was a lifelong support of Camp Barney Medintz, which was named in honor of his father. On August 6, 2023, he passed away after a battle with pancreatic cancer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2581.0,2696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Henry J. Sanders (1941-2003) was a Mississippi native and son of Henry J. and Eleanor Ruscoe Sanders. He was a captain in the U.S. Air Force, serving as chief flight surgeon at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada. He completed his ophthalmology residency at the University Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Sanders was the chief of staff at Southwest Mississippi Regional Medical Center and president of the South Central Medical Society. He helped establish the Mississippi Lions Eye Bank and was part owner of the Southwest Broadcasting. He and his wife Susy Ramsey Sanders had two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2699.0,2707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAWACS or Airborne Warning and Control System is an airborne radar early warning system designed to detect aircraft, ships, vehicles, missiles, and other incoming projectiles at long ranges. Additionally, it performs commands and controls the battlespace in aerial engagements by informing and directing friendly fighter and attack aircraft.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWayne Dowdy (b. 1943) is an American politician, lawyer, and jurist from Mississippi. He served four terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1981 to 1989. He later served as chairman of the Mississippi Democratic Party. Prior to his time in Congress, he was mayor of McComb, Mississippi from 1978-1981 and judge in McComb from 1970-1974.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMcComb is a city in Pike County, Mississippi. The city is about 80 miles south of Jackson, Mississippi. The city was founded in 1872 and named after Henry Simpson McComb of the New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern Railroad. McComb and the railroad decided to move the railroad’s maintenance shops away from New Orleans, Louisiana and purchased land in Pike County. Three nearby communities were consolidated to form McComb.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn ophthalmologist is a physician that specializes in the treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGlen Campbell (1936-2017) was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. He gained international fame in the 1960’s and the 1970’s with county and pop hits. He won six Grammy awards. From 1969-1972, he housed “The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour” a variety show on CBS.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLas Vegas, sometimes known as Sin City or simply Vegas, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and the seat of Clark County. The Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area is the largest within the greater Mojave Desert and the second-largest in the Southwestern United States. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife, with most venues centered on downtown Las Vegas and the Las Vegas Strip just outside city limits. The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNellis Air Force Base is a United States Air Force installation located in southern Nevada outside of Las Vegas. The base has been active since 1941 and is known for its advanced combat aviation training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Air Force is one of the eight branches of the U.S. military whose core mission is aerial surveillance and reconnaissance, air supremacy, global integrated intelligence, rapid global mobility, global strike and command and control. Originally created in August 1907 as part of the U.S. Army Signal Corps, it was founded as a separate military branch in September 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2713.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr. (1924-2024) was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a Georgia State Senator from 1963 to 1967 and as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. Founder of the Carter Center, he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize for work to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development. He is the author of numerous books, including Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (2006), An Hour Before Daylight (2001) and Our Endangered Values (2005). In October 2024, he turned 100 years old, making him the longest living U.S. President.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2848.0,2860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jefferson Clinton (b. 1946) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the attorney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979, and as the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992. Clinton, whose policies reflected a centrist \"Third Way\" political philosophy, became known as a New Democrat. Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton graduated from Georgetown University in 1968, and later from Yale Law School, where he met his future wife, Hillary Rodham. Clinton presided over the longest period of peacetime economic expansion in American history. Most of the accomplishments of his second term were overshadowed by the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal. This scandal escalated throughout the year, culminating in December when Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives. He was acquitted by the Senate. He has remained active in Democratic Party politics, campaigning for his wife's 2008 and 2016 presidential campaigns.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2848.0,2860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBarack Hussein Obama II (1961- ) was the 44th President of the United States, serving two consecutive terms from 2009-2017. He is a member of the Democratic party. He also was the first African-American elected as president in United States history. Prior to being elected President, he served as a U.S. Senator representing Illinois and a Illinois state senator. Although Obama declared himself a Christian, rumors began that he was a Muslim. Whether the rumors were an effort to discredit him or to equate him with a faith some Americans perceive as negative, the rumors persisted throughout his presidency. During his first term, his administration had to respond to the 2008 financial crisis and included legislation like the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Additionally, he supported and pushed for passage of the Affordable Care Act, which became law in 2010; it’s often called Obamacare. In 2009, Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for efforts in international diplomacy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=2848.0,2860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia State University is a public research university in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1913 and today has seven campuses around the Atlanta metro area. It is part of the University System of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3010.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTulane University is a private research university in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was founded as a public medical college in 1834 and became a comprehensive university in 1847. The Institution became private under the endowments of Paul Tulane and Josephine Louise Newcomb in 1884.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3010.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eH. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College, or Newcomb College, was the coordinate women's college of Tulane University located in New Orleans, in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It was founded by Josephine Louise Newcomb in 1886 in memory of her daughter. Newcomb was the first women's coordinate college within a United States university. Historically many Jewish girls from the Southern United States attended Newcomb, for one decade over one-third of the girls in the school were Jewish. Gentile and Jewish girls at Newcomb historically had separate social spheres. Two rushes were held at the school: one for gentile sororities and one for Jewish sororities. A girl entering Newcomb would receive a letter in the mail over the summer and return a photograph of herself and a preference on whether she would participate in the gentile rush or the Jewish rush. By 1980, these rush practices no longer existed. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3010.0,3021.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University School of Medicine and Morehouse School of Medicine provide all the physicians at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta. Grady Memorial is an important part of the Emory University School of Medicine and provides a teaching hospital and hands on experience for students and residents.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3029.0,3050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Vietnam War occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 to the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975. This war fought between North Vietnam—supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3061.0,3073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Institute of Health is part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the national agency responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in 1887 and receives its funding from Congress. In 2025, NIH funding operations have faced unprecedented funding freezers under the current executive branch of the U.S. government. These funding freezes have created disruptions for numerous medical research studies and the researchers conducting the research.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3073.0,3078.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB-2 Bomber is an American strategic bomber that uses low-observable stealth technology to penetrate anti-aircraft defenses. It is often called the stealth bomber. The B-2 is the only acknowledged in-service aircraft that can carry large air-to-surface standoff weapons in a stealth configuration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKnob Noster, is a city in Johnson County, Missouri. The city was platted in 1856 and incorporated by the legislature in December 1859. The Whiteman Air Force Base is located just south of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAltus is a city and county seat of Jackson County, Oklahoma. The city was founded in 1886 and was originally called “Frazer” and was a small settlement on Bitter Creek that served as a trading post on the Great Western Cattle Trail. The city is home to the Altus Air Force Base and the training base for C-17, KC-46, and KC-135 aircrews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973), often called ‘LBJ,’ was the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1968. He came into the office with the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. He was a Democrat from Texas and served as a U.S. representative and U.S. senator. Johnson instituted a set of domestic programs called Great Society, aimed at expanding civil rights, public broadcasting, access to health care, aid to education and the arts, urban and rural development, and public services. As part of these efforts, Johnson signed the Social Security Amendments of 1965, which resulted in the creation of Medicare and Medicaid. Johnson also enacted the Higher Education Act of 1965, which established federally insured student loans; and signed the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which laid the groundwork for U.S. immigration policy today. Johnson's civil rights legacy was shaped by signing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. His foreign policy prioritized the containment of communism, including in the ongoing Vietnam War. He launched a full-scale military intervention in Southeast Asia, dramatically increasing the number of American military personnel deployed. Casualties soared among U.S. soldiers and Vietnam civilians, prompting the anti-war movement and public opinion turned against America's involvement in the war. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRandolph Air Force is a United States Air Force Base located in Bexar County, Texas near San Antonio. The base opened in 1931 and has been a flying training facility for the U.S. Army Air Corps and the U.S. Air Force since the base opened. The base is named after Captain William Millican Randolph, who was from Austin, Texas and on the base naming committee at the time of his death in a crash.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Berry Plan was a Vietnam War era program in the United States that allowed physicians to defer obligatory military service until they had completed medical school and residency training. The program was named for Dr. Frank B. Berry, who was the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health and Medical Affairs from 1954-1961. More than 42,000 physicians and surgeons were impacted by the plan from 1954-1973, when the plan ended.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. is the United States capital. The city sits on the Potomac River and borders Maryland and Virginia. The city is home to the three branches of the federal government including the Capitol, the White House, and the Supreme Court. It is also home to various well-known museums and performing arts venues such as the Kennedy Center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3079.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNew York University or NYU is a private research university in New York City, New York. It was established in 1831 by the New York State Legislature. As of 2019, it is the largest private university in the United States by enrollment.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3351.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles, California is located southern California. It’s the state’s largest city and the second largest city in the United States. It has long been known as the center of the United States film and television industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3351.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUCLA or the University of California, Los Angeles is a public land grant research university in Los Angeles, California. It was established in 1881 as a normal school and was then known as the southern branch of the California State Normal School, which later became San Jose State University. The branch as transferred to the University of California and became the Southern Branch of the University of California in 1919. It is the second oldest campus of the ten-campus University of California system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3351.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOmar Sharif (1932-2015) was an Egyptian actor that is generally regarded as one of his country’s greatest male film stars. His career began in Egypt in the 1950’s and eventually he had roles in over 100 films over 50 years. He won three Golden Globe Awards and was nominated for Best Supporting Actor for Lawrence of Arabia. He also started in Doctor Zhivago and Funny Girl.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3480.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYom Kippur [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the shofar (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3480.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Paul Scheinberg (b. 1945) was born in New York and is the son of Dr. Louis and Edith Scheinberg. He earned his medical degree from the State University of New York Downstate Medical School. He completed his residency at Grady Memorial Hospital. Scheinberg also served in the flight surgeon in the U.S. Navy. He worked as a pulmonologist and was chief medical officer at Emory Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3621.0,3725.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Victor Silverman (b. 1947) grew up in Savannah, Georgia and is the son of Benjamin and Edith Silverman. He attended Savannah County Day School and the University of Georgia. He earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Georgia. He works as an endocrinologist in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1970, he married Saba Wise.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3621.0,3725.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWinston-Salem is a city and county seat of Forsyth County in North Carolina. Salem was founded in 1766 and Winston was founded in 1849; they consolidated in 1913 becoming Winston-Salem. The city called the “Twin City” for its dual heritage, and the “Camel City” as reference to the city’s involvement in the tobacco industry. R. J. Reynolds’ Camel cigarettes is based in the city. The area is also home to six colleges and institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3733.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRonald Wilson Reagan (1911-2004) was the 40th President of the United States. He served from 1981 to 1989 and he was a Republican. Reagan began his career in the entertainment industry, from 1947 to 1952, and from 1959 to 1960, Reagan served as the president of the Screen Actors Guild. During the 1950’s, he worked in television and spoke for General Electric. He was elected governor of California in 1966 and in 1980, Reagan won the Republican nomination and then a landslide victory over incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter in the presidential election. Reagan implemented \"Reaganomics\", which involved economic deregulation and cuts in both taxes and government spending during a period of stagflation. Additionally, he expanded the war on drugs, signing the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 and 1988 to specify penalties for drug offenses. Both bills have been criticized in the years since for promoting racial disparities. Reagan has also been criticized for his slow and minimal response to the AIDS epidemic in the United States, which began early in his presidency. Reagan and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev held four summit conferences between 1985 and 1988 and Reagan is credited with ushering in a new era of trade and openness between the two powers. On March 30, 1981, Reagan was shot by John Hinckley Jr. outside the Washington Hilton and recovered after undergoing surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3733.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. David Max Cohen (abt. 1940) is an otolaryngology who practiced in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended Lanier Senior High in Macon, Georgia and earned his bachelor’s from the University of Georgia. He attended medical school at the Medical College of Georgia and Wayne State University School of Medicine. Cohen was married to Lisa Mehler for 56 years and they have two daughters and a son.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3733.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSandy Springs is an inner ring suburb of Atlanta, Georgia. The city is located in northern Fulton County and is the seventh-largest city in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorthside Hospital is a network of hospitals and medical facilities in the Atlanta area. Its original and flagship location opened in Sandy Springs, Georgia in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShallowford Hospital was a hospital located in Dunwoody, Georgia. It was opened in 1973 and later was known as Emory Dunwoody Medical Center. It closed in 2007 due to financial difficulties and aging facilities. The building was torn down and is now a park.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Stanley Perry Brickman (1931-), a native of Chattanooga, Tennessee, was kicked out of Emory University’s School of Dentistry in 1951 because he was Jewish. Brickman spent the next few years interviewing dozens of Jewish students who attended the school in the 1950s and 1960s, compiling a video that revealed a pattern of antisemitism by the school’s dean. In 2012, Emory University administrators issued a public apology. Dr. Brickman is a noted oral surgeon practicing in Atlanta, and released a book, Extracted: Unmasking Rampant Antisemitism in America’s Higher Education, in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Rosenberg (1938-2024) was an Atlanta, Georgia native. He was the oldest son of Ben and Florence Rosenberg. He attended Henry Grady High School and attended Penn University and graduated from Emory University with his bachelor’s degree. Charles graduated from the University of Maryland Dental School. He was a founding partner of Georgia Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, which the first incorporated oral surgery practice in Atlanta. He was active in the leadership of Israel Bonds and the Greater Jewish Federation of Atlanta. In 1961, he married his high school sweetheart, Ann Bernice “Bunny,” and they had two sons.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Maxwell Eidex (1938- ) received his medical degree from Emory University School of Medicine and practiced internal medicine in Decatur, Georgia with his twin brother, Marshall. He is a member of Congregation Beth Jacob.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Marshall Eidex (1938-2014) was born in Birmingham, Alabama and raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He was the son of Sylvia and Harry Eidex and twin brother to Dr. Max Eidex. He attended Baylor Military Academy and the University of Chattanooga. He earned his medical degree from Emory University. He practiced internal medicine with his brother in Decatur, Georgia. In 1962, he married Katherine Singer, and they had three sons. After her death in 1981, he married Jeanie Yaeger, and they raised his and her children. He was a member of Congregation Beth Jacob and the DeKalb Medical Society.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3911.0,3985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOtolaryngology is the medical specialty that focuses on the ear, nose, and throat. ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) is more commonly known then the term otolaryngology.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=3986.0,4008.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat (Hebrew) or Shabbos/Shabbes (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4016.0,4039.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorth Carolina State University is a public land-grant research university in Raleigh, North Carolina. The university was founded in 1887. It is part of the University of North Carolina system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4042.0,4145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRocky Mount, North Carolina is located in Nash and Edgecombe county about 45 miles east of Raleigh, North Carolina. The area was first settled by English and Scots traders who encountered the indigenous people of the area. The community was founded in 1816 and incorporated in 1867.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4042.0,4145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Jewish Committee of Atlanta is a regional branch of the American Jewish Committee (AJC). AJC was founded in 1906 to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews worldwide. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations in the United States. AJC Atlanta founded the Atlanta Black-Jewish Coalition in 1982 to build relations between the communities, focusing on education, outreach, and advocacy. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4164.0,4223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Federation of Greater Atlanta is a regional branch of Jewish Federations of North America. It is an organization that focuses on serving the Atlanta Jewish community through philanthropic endeavors such as supporting infrastructure, including schools and synagogues. Federation supports the Jewish community but also welcomes people of various backgrounds, including interfaith, LGBT+, and multiracial people and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4164.0,4223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Family and Career Services (JF\u0026amp;CS Atlanta) is a group of professionals and volunteers offering programs, and resources for individuals and families of all faiths, cultures and ages. Services include counseling, tools for employment, and support for people with developmental disabilities. JF\u0026amp;CS is a member organization of the Association of Jewish Family \u0026amp; Children's Agencies (AJFCA). JF\u0026amp;CS is a result of the merging of two separate organizations, both of which started as committees of the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. The first, Jewish Family Services was founded around 1890. The agency became an autonomous organization in 1982. In 1979, Jewish Vocational Services was started. It became independent in 1985. The two agencies merged in 1997 to become JF\u0026amp;CS. The Jewish Family \u0026amp; Career Services of Atlanta hosts a Child Survivor Support Group that meets bi-monthly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4164.0,4223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Epstein School (also known as the Solomon Shechter School of Atlanta) is a private Jewish day school in the Atlanta area located in Sandy Springs. In 1973, Rabbi Harry H. Epstein and the leaders of Ahavath Achim synagogue wanted to create a Conservative Jewish day school. The first campus was housed at the synagogue. In 1987 the school moved to Sandy Springs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4164.0,4223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHavana is the capital of Cuba and the country’s largest city. It is the country’s main port and commercial center. The city was founded by the Spanish in the 16th century. The city is the seat of the Cuban government and various ministries, headquarters of businesses, and over 100 diplomatic offices. Contemporary Havana can essentially be described as three cities in one: Old Havana, Vedado, and the newer suburban districts. The city is also noted for its history, culture, architecture, and monuments.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4263.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school can be either the Jewish equivalent of Sunday school (an educational regimen separate from secular education, focusing on topics of Jewish history and learning the Hebrew language), or a primary, secondary, or college level educational institution where some or all of the classes are taught in Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4263.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bat mitzvah [Hebrew: daughter of commandments] is a rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their bat mitzvah around age 13, the same as boys who have their bar mitzvah at that age. The bat mitzvah girl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for bat mitzvah girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4263.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbraham Lincoln (1809-1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War, defeating the Confederate States of America and playing a major role in the abolition of slavery. Before his presidency, Lincoln was self-educated and became a lawyer, Illinois state legislator, and U.S. representative. He is often remembered as a martyr and a national hero for his wartime leadership and for his efforts to preserve the Union and abolish slavery. He is often ranked in both popular and scholarly polls as the greatest president in American history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4263.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLuisa Cohen (1910-2000) was born in Istanbul, Turkey. In 1934, she and her husband’s family came from Havana, Cuba to Atlanta, Georgia. She was a member of Hadassah and a member of Congregation Or VeShalom’s Sisterhood and Mizrahi. She was married to Rabbi Joseph I. Cohen, who was rabbi at Congregation Or VeShalom from 1934 until 1971. They had two sons, Ned and Allan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4536.0,4584.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4613.0,4616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeachtree Road United Methodist Church was organized in 1925 and built its first church on Peachtree Road in 1925. In 1941, they purchased the property at 3180 Peachtree Road where the church still stands and is an active congregation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4616.0,4649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRiverwood International Charter School was founded in 1971 in Sandy Spring, Georgia. It has approximately 1780 students in grades 9-12. It is Fulton County’s four magnet sites and only International Studies and International Baccalaureate Program.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4616.0,4649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWoodward Academy, formerly Georgia Military Academy, was founded in 1900 as a military boarding school for boys in College Park, Georgia, just south of Atlanta. In 1964, the school became co-educational. The military program was dropped from the curriculum in 1966 and the school’s name was changed to Woodward Academy. The boarding program was discontinued in 1933. Today 2,700 students are enrolled from kindergarten to twelfth grade.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4616.0,4649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRidgeview Charter Middle School is located at 5340 S. Trimble Road Sandy Springs, Georgia. It is part of the Fulton County School system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4616.0,4649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Hyman Epstein (1903-2003) served as rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982, when he became rabbi emeritus. Under Rabbi Epstein, the formerly Orthodox congregation began to shift to Conservative Judaism and officially joined the United Synagogue of America (now the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism), in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4650.0,4695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Pennsylvania is a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The university is among one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. Benjamin Franklin founded the university and served as its first president. It has four undergraduate schools and 12 graduate and professional schools.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4700.0,4808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdward Mendel (b. 1943) is an Atlanta businessman, who grew up in Arkansas. He worked as a stockbroker at J.C. Bradford. In 1980, he co-founded the Ned David Research Group, an institutional investment research firm that he sold in 2011. He has been active in various Atlanta Jewish groups including B’nai B’rith Youth Organization, Marcus Jewish Community Center and Pace Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4700.0,4808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania is the business school of the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the oldest college business school in the world, founded in 1881 from a donation from Joseph Wharton. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4700.0,4808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorgan Stanley is an American multinational investment bank and financial services. It was founded in 1935 by J. P. Morgan \u0026amp; Co. partners, Henry Sturgis Morgan and Harold Stanley. The current Morgan Stanley is the result of the original Morgan Stanley with Dean Witter Discover \u0026amp; Co. in 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4816.0,4874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGoldman Sachs is an American multinational investment bank and financial service company. The company was founded in 1869 by Marcus Goldman. He was later joined by his sons-in-law Samuel Sachs and Ludwig Dreyfuss and son Henry, the firm then adopted the current name Goldman Sachs \u0026amp; Co. Today the company is the second largest investment bank in the world by revenue and the 57th largest corporation in the United States by revenue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4816.0,4874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVornado Realty Trust is an American real estate investment trust. It was formed in 1982 in Maryland and has it primary offices in New York City. The company’s origins can be traced back to the Two Guys discount count store chain, which was founded in 1947. In 1959, Two Guys acquired O. A. Sutton Corporation, manufacturers of the Vornado line of electric fans, and the company was subsequently renamed Vornado Inc. The company invests in office buildings and street retail in Manhattan, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4816.0,4874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVanderbilt University is a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee. It was founded in 1873 and named after businessman Cornelius Vanderbilt who provided a $1 million endowment to the school.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4875.0,4889.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeverly Hills is a city located in Los Angeles County, California. It is a notable and historic suburb of Los Angeles, located just southwest of the Hollywood Hills. In American popular culture, Beverly Hills has been known as an affluent location within Greater Los Angeles, which corresponds to higher property values and taxes in the area. The city is well known for its Rodeo Drive shopping district, which includes many designer brands. Throughout its history, the city has been home to many celebrities. It is noted for numerous hotels and resorts, including the Beverly Hilton and the Beverly Hills Hotel. The city has been featured in many movies, television series, music, and media, in the United States and internationally.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=4902.0,4970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Dalton School, originally called the Children’s University School, is a private co-educational college preparatory school in New York City. It is a member of both the Ivy Preparatory School League and the New York Interschool. The school is located in four buildings on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. The school was founded by Helen Parkhurst in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5008.0,5024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Beth Tefillah is an Orthodox synagogue in Sandy Springs, Georgia, affiliated with the Chabad-Lubavitch movement. As of 2022, its current senior rabbi is Yossi New, who is also the founder of the congregation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5025.0,5035.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCamp Barney Medintz is an overnight Jewish summer camp near Cleveland, Georgia, in the North Georgia mountains. It was founded in 1963 and in 1961 named in memory of Barney Medintz, a prominent Jewish leader in Atlanta, who died in 1960. It is owned by the Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5066.0,5210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Center was officially founded in 1910, as the Jewish Educational Alliance. In the late 1940's it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to the suburb of Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5066.0,5210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChicago is the largest city in Illinois and located on Lake Michigan. It is known for its bold architecture with skyscrapers such as the John Hancock Center, the Willis Tower, formerly the Sears Tower, and the neo-Gothic Tribune Tower. It is also known for its museums including the Chicago Institute of Art. The city was incorporated in 1837 and it grew rapidly during the 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5066.0,5210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDunwoody is a northern suburb of Atlanta, Georgia. It is located in DeKalb County. It was officially incorporated as a city in 2008 but was founded in the early 1830s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorcross is a city in Gwinnett County, Georgia. It is about 15 miles northeast of Atlanta. The city was chartered as a town on October 26, 1870. It was named for Jonathan Norcross, a former Atlanta mayor and railroad official.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or Knights of the Ku Klux Klan today, also referred to as the KKK) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods have included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s and then died out and has come back several times, most notably in the 1920s when membership soared again, and then again in the 1960s during the civil rights era. When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past its members dressed up in white robes and pointed hoods designed to hide their identity and to terrify. It is still in existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStone Mountain, Georgia is a city near Atlanta. It is the gateway to Stone Mountain Park, which is named for the large monolith in its center. The rock has a Confederate Memorial Carving showing Civil War generals Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee and Confederate President Jefferson Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarietta is a city located in central Cobb County, Georgia, northwest of Atlanta. Homes were built by early settlers near the Cherokee town of Big Shanty (now Kennesaw) before 1824. The Georgia General Assembly legally recognized the community in 1834. During the American Civil War, General William Tecumseh Sherman invaded the town during the Atlanta Campaign in summer 1864. General Hugh Kilpatrick set the town ablaze, the first strike in Sherman's March to the Sea. On August 17, 1915, Leo Frank was lynched in Marietta by an antisemitic mob that abducted him from prison. Frank was serving a life sentence for the murder of one of his factory workers, 13-year-old Mary Phagan. After a highly sensationalized trial, during which he was sentenced to death, his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. In reaction to his lynching, Jewish activists created the Anti-Defamation League, to work to educate Americans about Jewish life and culture and to prevent antisemitism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoswell, Georgia is located in northern Fulton County. It was incorporated in 1854 and today is the ninth largest city in Georgia. It a suburb of Atlanta and is known for its affluent historic district.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIlan Daniel Feldman (b. 1954) is an American Orthodox Jewish rabbi, public speaker and author. Since 1991 he has been the senior rabbi and spiritual leader of Congregation Beth Jacob of Atlanta, Georgia, succeeding his father, Rabbi Dr. Emanuel Feldman, who founded and led the congregation for 39 years. He studied at Yeshivas Ner Yisroel in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmanuel Feldman (b. 1927) is an Orthodox rabbi and Rabbi Emeritus of Congregation Beth Jacob of Atlanta, Georgia. During his nearly 40 years at Beth Jacob beginning in 1952, he nurtured the growth of Atlanta’s Orthodox community from a city with two small Orthodox synagogues to a community large enough to support Jewish day schools, yeshivas, girls’ schools, and a kollel. He is a past vice-president of the Rabbinical Council of America and former editor of Tradition: The Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought published by the RCA.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5229.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Sinai was founded as a Reform congregation in 1968 and met in a variety of locations before establishing a synagogue on Dupree Drive in Sandy Springs, north of Atlanta. Rabbi Richard Lehrman was chosen as the congregation's founding rabbi. As of 2022, the current Senior Rabbi is Ronald M. Segal, who has served in that position since 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5353.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143/annotation_set/1942/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2022, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/153995/file/283143#t=5353.0,5430.0"}]}]}]}