{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/g15t72806s/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Rosenbaum, Albert"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2009-07-30 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Ida Pearle and Joseph Cuba Archives for Southern Jewish History","William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Rosenbaum interviewed by Sandra Berman on July 30, 2009 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Rosenbaum was born in Birmingham, Alabama on June 28, 1916. He was the younger of two sons born to Herman and Fanny Rosenbaum. When Albert was eight years old, Herman took a job as a ready-to-wear manager at Pfeifer's Department Store and the family moved to Little Rock, Arkansas. Albert graduated from Central High School and went to work for Aetna Life Insurance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn 1942, Albert enlisted in the United States Marine Corp, but was turned down because he was colored blind. He then enlisted in the Army, where he was accepted, and was eventually promoted to the rank of sergeant. He was trained as an infantry flame thrower, one of the most dangerous jobs in the military. Albert served in the South Pacific, participating in campaigns in New Guinea and Guadalcanal. During his service, Albert was wounded three times and escaped from a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp. By the time he was discharged in November 1945, Albert had been awarded the Silver Star, Bronze Star, and 3 Purple Hearts.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlbert met his future wife, Margy Shevinsky, in 1943 while in Birmingham on a furlough. They married on March 3, 1946 and settled in Birmingham, where they raised a daughter and two sons. After a few years of working for his father-in-law, Albert founded Fix-Play, Inc, a decorative furnishings retail institution, which he operated for nearly 40 years in downtown Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlbert and Margy enjoyed traveling, visiting Israel multiple times. At the age of 78, Albert was bar mitzvahed. Albert was also an avid antique/classic automobile enthusiast and collector. He passed away on December 3, 2010, at his home in Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eAlbert gives a brief overview of his background. He introduces his parents and recalls growing up in Birmingham, Alabama and Little Rock, Arkansas. Albert remembers when he heard about the attack on Pearl Harbor. He talks about enlisting in the Army, going through basic training and becoming a flamethrower. Albert shares his surprise at being sent to New Guinea. He recalls the camaraderie he felt with his fellow soldiers. Albert outlines the battles he participated in and being wounded multiple times. He discusses why he believes it would have been harder to defeat Japan without the atomic bomb. He considers whether his is the “greatest generation.” Albert talks about marrying his wife and settling back into civilian life after the war. He recounts his early career. Albert shares how his wife’s strong religious background influenced his own perspective. He mentions his visits to Israel and his bar mitzvah. Albert recounts his exposures to antisemitism and segregation. Albert recalls friendships forged in the Army. The interview closes with Albert’s fondness for Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28486"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Birmingham, Al (geographic term)","Little Rock, AR (geographic term)","Rosenbaum, Albert (personal name)","World War II (named event)","military service (topical term)","Pacific Theatre (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Rosenbaum interviewed by Sandra Berman on July 30, 2009 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Rosenbaum was born in Birmingham, Alabama on June 28, 1916. He was the younger of two sons born to Herman and Fanny Rosenbaum. When Albert was eight years old, Herman took a job as a ready-to-wear manager at Pfeifer's Department Store and the family moved to Little Rock, Arkansas. Albert graduated from Central High School and went to work for Aetna Life Insurance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn 1942, Albert enlisted in the United States Marine Corp, but was turned down because he was colored blind. He then enlisted in the Army, where he was accepted, and was eventually promoted to the rank of sergeant. He was trained as an infantry flame thrower, one of the most dangerous jobs in the military. Albert served in the South Pacific, participating in campaigns in New Guinea and Guadalcanal. During his service, Albert was wounded three times and escaped from a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp. By the time he was discharged in November 1945, Albert had been awarded the Silver Star, Bronze Star, and 3 Purple Hearts.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlbert met his future wife, Margy Shevinsky, in 1943 while in Birmingham on a furlough. They married on March 3, 1946 and settled in Birmingham, where they raised a daughter and two sons. After a few years of working for his father-in-law, Albert founded Fix-Play, Inc, a decorative furnishings retail institution, which he operated for nearly 40 years in downtown Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlbert and Margy enjoyed traveling, visiting Israel multiple times. At the age of 78, Albert was bar mitzvahed. Albert was also an avid antique/classic automobile enthusiast and collector. He passed away on December 3, 2010, at his home in Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert gives a brief overview of his background. He introduces his parents and recalls growing up in Birmingham, Alabama and Little Rock, Arkansas. Albert remembers when he heard about the attack on Pearl Harbor. He talks about enlisting in the Army, going through basic training and becoming a flamethrower. Albert shares his surprise at being sent to New Guinea. He recalls the camaraderie he felt with his fellow soldiers. Albert outlines the battles he participated in and being wounded multiple times. He discusses why he believes it would have been harder to defeat Japan without the atomic bomb. He considers whether his is the “greatest generation.” Albert talks about marrying his wife and settling back into civilian life after the war. He recounts his early career. Albert shares how his wife’s strong religious background influenced his own perspective. He mentions his visits to Israel and his bar mitzvah. Albert recounts his exposures to antisemitism and segregation. Albert recalls friendships forged in the Army. The interview closes with Albert’s fondness for Birmingham.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/116/114/small/Rosenbaum_Albert.mp4_1622648482.jpg?1622634084","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Rosenbaum_Albert.mp4"]},"duration":2164.267,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/116/114/small/Rosenbaum_Albert.mp4_1622648482.jpg?1622634084","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/116/114/original/Rosenbaum_Albert.mp4?1622634080","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2164.267,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Rosenbaum, Albert [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is July 30, 2009. I am with Albert Rosenbaum. I would like to\nthank you for participating in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History\nProject of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. My name is Sandy Berman.\nAlbert, I would like to begin by having you tell me a little bit about your own\nbackground, where you were born, and how you ended up in Birmingham [Alabama].\n\nROSENBAUM: Okay. I was born in Birmingham. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We lived here until 1924 and then we\nmoved to Little Rock, Arkansas. We lived in Little Rock until my family\neventually moved away. My brother moved away, and I lived there alone.\n\nIn 1942, I went in the military service. I was gone for close to four years.\nDuring the period... around the end of my military service ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was when I met Margy.\nI met her right before I went overseas. I had an emergency furlough. My father\nwas sick. I met Margy. I thought she was real cute at the time and pretty, but\nthere was probably not twenty words passed between us. The next thing I know,\nI'm gone.\n\nWhen I came home, I had been wounded several times and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was in a military\nhospital in California. Also, they sent me down to Northington General Hospital\nin Tuscaloosa [Alabama], and Margy was in the University of Alabama in\nTuscaloosa. Then, around that way, we got together. I fell in love with her real quick.\n\nBERMAN: Going back to your earliest time in Birmingham, how did your... Who were\nyour parents? Could you tell me their names and how they ended up in Birmingham originally?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ROSENBAUM: How did my parents wind up in Birmingham?\n\nBERMAN: Yes, and their names please.\n\nROSENBAUM: My father was... lived in Birmingham and my mother came from\nBrunswick, Georgia. My dad was with Pizitz Department Store. They got married.\nThen my brother and I were born here in Birmingham.\n\nBERMAN: Your father's name was what?\n\nROSENBAUM: Herman Rosenbaum.\n\nBERMAN: And your mother?\n\nROSENBAUM: Fanny.\n\nBERMAN: Were they both born in this country?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes. No, my father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was born in Germany. He came over to this country\nwhen he was around 14 years old.\n\nBERMAN: And went to Brunswick?\n\nROSENBAUM: Mother was born in Brunswick.\n\nBERMAN: Your mother was born in Brunswick?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: What was her family name?\n\nROSENBAUM: Her family name was Silverstein.\n\nBERMAN: Is any family still in Brunswick?\n\nROSENBAUM: No, none of my people are in Brunswick right now.\n\nBERMAN: He left Pizitz's and moved ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elsewhere?\n\nROSENBAUM: My father got a job in Little Rock at Pfeifer [Brother]'s Department\nStore. That's when we moved over there. I went to grammar school, and high\nschool, and all in Little Rock.\n\nBERMAN: How would you compare growing up in Little Rock to being in Birmingham?\n\nROSENBAUM: I loved Birmingham and I loved Little Rock. As a matter of fact, the\nfirst year Margy and I were married, we lived in Little Rock. I had a lot of\nfriends over there. I was raised over there, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although I didn't have any more\nrelatives there. My father passed away while I was overseas, but my mother had\neventually moved back to Birmingham because they had family here. I stayed in\nLittle Rock until I went into the service. But I liked Little Rock very much.\nWhen I moved to Birmingham, we liked it here, too. Margy and I both loved it\nwhen we lived in Little Rock the first year we were married.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember much of your boyhood years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Birmingham?\n\nROSENBAUM: Not a whole lot. I was eight years old when I left and I don't\nremember a whole lot about it. I remember simply that my brother and I used to\ngo to Five Points [South] to the movies and... a whole lot. On hot days, our\nneighbor friends would take us riding in their cars because it was hot in the\nhouse. I don't remember a whole lot up until then. I remember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot about Little\nRock, but nothing much about Birmingham.\n\nBERMAN: What year did you enlist, or were you drafted?\n\nROSENBAUM: I enlisted.\n\nBERMAN: Was that before Pearl Harbor or...?\n\nROSENBAUM: I enlisted right after Pearl Harbor, shortly after Pearl Harbor.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember where you were when you heard about Pearl Harbor?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes, exactly. I was in Walgreen's Drug Store in Little Rock when the\nnewsboys were hollering that there was an, \"Extra!\" Pearl Harbor had been\nbombed. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had no idea where in the hell Pearl Harbor was. I made the ridiculous\nstatement of the year, I guess. When I read about Pearl Harbor and what had\nhappened, I said, \"Why, we'll send a couple of... a handful... a bunch of B-17s\nover there and bomb Tokyo [Japan] off the map in one week.\" A year-and-a-half\nlater, I was sitting in Guadalcanal wondering ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they were going to do it.\nYes, actually I enlisted in the Marines. They turned me down because I was color\nblind. I enlisted in the Army then.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you attend basic training?\n\nROSENBAUM: Took my basic training in Miami [Florida]. Then from there, I went to\nDenver, Colorado and took training there in Denver. After Denver, I went to\nSavannah, Georgia and took training ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there.\n\nBERMAN: What kind of training?\n\nROSENBAUM: I took aircraft armorer training. But after I got overseas, they\ntransferred me into a different outfit, and I was a flamethrower.\n\nBERMAN: Were you immediately sent to the Pacific, or did you spend any time in\nthe European [theatre]?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes, I was... No, never in Europe, but it was in... after Savannah,\nGeorgia... after I'd completed my training in Savannah, then we went directly to\nMilne Bay, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Guinea. That was our first stop after we left. We left the\n[United] States in Jackson barracks in New Orleans [Louisiana]. From there we\nwent to Milne Bay, New Guinea.\n\nBERMAN: Was adjusting to army life difficult for you?\n\nROSENBAUM: No, not any more than anybody else, I guess. Not particularly.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have a lot of friends in the military?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes, some.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: How was it being Jewish in the military? Did you notice any kind of\nproblems being Jewish in...?\n\nROSENBAUM: Not much.\n\nBERMAN: ...in your... from your fellow soldiers?\n\nROSENBAUM: Not enough to have made a lot of difference. Overseas, I would say\nthere was very little antisemitism as you might say, for the simple reason that\nI think most of us had the same thing in mind. We were busy dodging bullets, and\ndodging shells, and all. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everybody was more or less necessary to help his\nbuddies, too, and help other fellows. Nobody paid much attention whether you\nwere Catholic, Jewish or what. We were all dependent on each other. I didn't see\nthat much antisemitism.\n\nBERMAN: Did you know at all being in the Pacific what was happening to the Jews\nof Europe? Were you aware of that at all?\n\nROSENBAUM: I knew about it. I knew about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the concentration camps. I knew about\n[Adolf] Hitler. I knew what was going on. I figured that after I went in the\nservice, that they'd send me over to... I didn't think much about the Japanese\none way or the other. I mostly thought about Hitler and what he was doing to the\nJews and the concentration camps. I was hoping I'd get an opportunity to go over\nthere and fight Germans, but they sent me in the other direction.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Now, do you mind talking about your military service while you were in...?\n\nROSENBAUM: Not a whole lot. That's all right.\n\nBERMAN: Can you kind of lead us through where you went during your time in...?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes. From Milne Bay, New Guinea, we went to a place called\nFinschhafen. That was up the coast of New Guinea. New Guinea is the third\nlargest island in the world, so it's pretty good sized. From Finschhafen, we\nwent to a place called Gili Gili, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and... then Nadzab, and Gusap, and then a\nplace called Dobodura. From there, I think we went on over to Guadalcanal.\n\nThey needed men at Guadalcanal that were flamethrowers. They couldn't get the\nJaps out of the pillboxes, and the tunnels, and things. The only the thing you\ncould work out satisfactorily there were flamethrowers. You know what that is?\nYou wear tanks on your backs and fire the flame out about 60 feet. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The problem\nwith the flamethrower is he's a number one target for snipers. It got a little\ndicey sometimes. A flamethrower usually carried two [of] what we called 'shot\nguns' with him, two fellows one on each side of him to protect him from snipers\nfrom the other side. They [the Japanese] knew what would happen if the\nflamethrower got to the pillbox or the cave, so they would aim it at that\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"flamethrower, wanting to hit his tank so he would fly around for a couple hours.\nBut sometimes both of my snipers on my side got hit. There was nothing you could\ndo. You couldn't turn around and run. You had to keep going where you were\ngoing. It wasn't too pleasant.\n\nThen, from Guadalcanal, we came back over to... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I got shot by a sniper when were\nin Finschhafen. I was in a field hospital for about two weeks. They patched me\nup and I was back in combat after that.\n\nBERMAN: Where were you shot?\n\nROSENBAUM: I was shot in the leg by a sniper back there. Then after we got into\nFinschhafen. After Finschhafen, we went on up to a place called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hollandia, New\nGuinea. While I was there, I got hit again with shrapnel from a rifle grenade in\nthe back, and shoulder, and all. I was in the hospital for about two weeks again\nand then I was back in combat. They didn't send you home then. From Hollandia, I\ngot a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ten-day furlough to Australia, a convalescent furlough. They sent me down\nto recuperate after I was in the hospital. Then after that, we went up to a\nplace called Biak Island, which is just north of Dutch New Guinea. It's right on\nthe equator.\n\nBERMAN: Could you spell that island?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes, B-I-A-K. Some call it \"Beeyak;\" some call it \"Biyak.\" It was an\nisland of caves. It was very much like Iwo Jima, but much smaller. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The caves and\nall were the problem. They needed me up there for the caves [with] the\nflamethrower. But the third or fourth day in Biak, I got hit in a bombing raid.\nThis time they had to send me home. They busted me up pretty good. Anyway, from\nthere I was in a hospital in New Guinea for about a month-and-a-half ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or two\nmonths. From there, they put me on a hospital ship, the USS Monterey, and sent\nme to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco [California], where I had back\nsurgery and brain surgery. From there, they sent me down to Northington General\nHospital. That's really where I got acquainted with Margy. I'd go through it all\nagain just to meet her, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every bit of it.\n\nBERMAN: That is great.\n\nROSENBAUM: That's enough about my military, isn't it?\n\nBERMAN: I have a couple questions that are not... They are more about feelings.\n\nROSENBAUM: All right. Go ahead. In between all that was a period when... I'm not\ngoing to talk about it, other than to tell you that I was captured, and\neventually escaped, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and got away. That's about all I'll talk about it.\n\nBERMAN: Okay, all right. I'll respect that. My question goes to... We've asked\nthis to a lot of the veterans we've interviewed, and we've interviewed a lot of\nveterans in the last couple of years. What do you feel about the United States\nusing a nuclear bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does the way you felt about it\nthen... Do you still feel the same way today?\n\nROSENBAUM: Absolutely. If we hadn't dropped that big bomb on Hiroshima and\nNagasaki, I think a million people would have been lost, American and Japanese\ncombined, because they would not have surrendered. They would not have given up.\nDo you know, the whole time I was overseas, I don't think I saw but five\nJapanese prisoners? They do not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"give up. That's all there is to it. The fact\nthat they gave up after the Nagasaki bomb is indicative that the people didn't\ndo it. I mean, the emperor... They saw what was coming and they saw what was\ngoing to happen. Of course, I know that bleeding heart liberals will swear to\nyou that we didn't have to drop that big bomb. But if we hadn't, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we and they\nwould have lost a lot more men.\n\nI know that the guys in the military that were in Europe, when the war finished\nover there and they were on the way back, they really were not looking forward\nto going to the Pacific because it was a different kind of war than Europe all\ntogether. The European war... Look, there's no such thing as a good war, but the\nEuropean war ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was all the difference in the world in the way the fighting was.\nFighting in Germany, and fighting in France, and around there... different\nequipment and everything was used.\n\nFighting in the jungles was something... It wasn't a lot of fun. You don't even\nknow where the hell your enemy is most of the time. I don't think those guys\nwere looking forward to fighting an enemy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was not going to surrender, who\nwas not going to give up. In the European theater when the Germans were\noverwhelmed in a certain area, they surrendered. They didn't do that in the\nPacific at all.\n\nBERMAN: You had mentioned that you enlisted right after Pearl Harbor, like so\nmany other young men. It was a very patriotic time.\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Do you feel that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a difference between that generation and\ntoday's generation?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Because Tom Brokaw described your generation as the greatest generation ever.\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes, well...\n\nBERMAN: How do you feel about that?\n\nROSENBAUM: I didn't feel like I was a member of the greatest generation. I never\nfelt like a hero or anything like that in my life. I had a job to do, and I\ntried to do it. But ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think in most cases, today's generation and the generation\nthat went to war in World War II... I think if a similar situation... and I'm\nnot talking about Vietnam as a similar situation. That was probably the\ntoughest, worst war we ever fought because most of the country thought we\nshouldn't have been over there. Whether we should be there or not, I'm not an\nexpert. I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"possibly we shouldn't have. I don't know. But in World War II,\nour country was attacked and going to war was the thing to do. Man, you didn't\nsee very many conscientious objectors. If you didn't go to war, or if you\nweren't working at a defense plant or something, man, you were nothing back in\nthose days. You had some explaining to do walking around on the streets looking\nhealthy and not being in uniform.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ROSENBAUM: Anyway, when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you talk about the greatest generation compared to\ntoday... Would they do the same thing? Look, we rose to the occasion. If a\nsimilar thing were to happen today, I think this generation would rise to the\noccasion, and do what they needed to do, and what they had to do, too. I don't\nthink that we are a damned bit better than they are now.\n\nNow, I have... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our oldest son is 61 years old now. He just retired after 40\nyears in the military. He spent a year and a half in Bosnia, and he spent a\nlittle over a year in Iraq. He was decorated three times for heroism while he\nwas in Iraq. We're damn glad to have him home, very glad to have him home. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nthink that he's probably a lot braver than I ever was. I think he's one of them\nthat rose to the occasion too.\n\nBERMAN: What was your rank in the military?\n\nROSENBAUM: I was a sergeant, a regular, plain, every day, run-of-the-mill buck sergeant.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have soldiers under you then?\n\nROSENBAUM: Actually, I was not leading troops ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because my job as a flamethrower\ndidn't entail me leading anybody. I was out there by myself most of the time.\n\nBERMAN: Was it a difficult adjustment back into civilian life after the war?\n\nROSENBAUM: No, not really, because when I came back... I worked for an insurance\ncompany in Little Rock before I went into the service and when I came back, I\nwas assured that I would have my job back there. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But when I came back, I think I\nwas kind of on the road to being an emotional cripple because I had gone through\na lot that I still don't talk about [and] don't want to talk about. But that was\nabout the time that I met Margy.\n\nI honest to goodness think that she saved my life because she was so different.\nShe was the one thing in this world... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I always had my mind on the kind of girl\nthat I would love, kind I'd fall for. I didn't think that I would ever find her\nbecause of several reasons. I was thinking that if I found the right kind of a\ngirl, I didn't know if I'd ever be able to support her. I didn't know if I would\nbe physically okay again, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if everything worked out fine, the chances of her\nloving me was practically nil. I couldn't figure it at all, and damned if I\ndidn't find one just like that. I adjusted to civilian life pretty quick.\n\nBERMAN: You moved back to Birmingham and worked for her family?\n\nROSENBAUM: No, when we first got married, we moved to Little Rock. Then, after\none year ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Little Rock, her family talked us into coming back to Birmingham\nbecause her family was here, and my family was here. My father-in-law suggested\nthat I come to work in his store. They talked us into it, and we came back.\n\nBERMAN: But you didn't like it?\n\nROSENBAUM: No.\n\nBERMAN: Why didn't you like it? Family business?\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes. Her father was a good man, a nice man, a fine man with a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wonderful reputation. But I think he was from the old school. I'm not sure we\nunderstood each other entirely, but I always admired him and thought he was a\nfine man. I hate to tell you this, but I think it was a whole problem with her\nbrother, who was not nice to her, who was never nice to her, and he hated me\nfrom the day he met me. That was hard. I stayed there about four and a half\nyears. Margy and Sallie are laughing. I think I'm not supposed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to tell you all\nthis, but you know, I don't care. I'm 93 years old. I don't have to keep quiet\nabout things like that, right? Age has its privileges.\n\nBERMAN: That is right.\n\nROSENBAUM: Good. Anyway, after about four and a half years, I went to my\nfather-in-law. I told him, \"I think that I'm going to leave and go into a\nbusiness of my own.\" He wanted to know why. I said, \"Well, if I stay here, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm\ngoing to get ulcers or kill Harold; one or the other.\" Anyway, we left. I left\non good terms and my father-in-law respected me. He made the remark that when he\nwas young, his father wanted him to stay in the tannery business with him, and\nhe didn't like it. He said, \"I understand.\" He was nice about it. He understood.\n\nBERMAN: You went into the lighting business?\n\nROSENBAUM: Store fixtures.\n\nBERMAN: Store fixtures, okay.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ROSENBAUM: We went into that, and we had a struggle for a year or so, and [then]\nwe started doing nicely.\n\nBERMAN: Was it important... Your wife mentioned earlier that you were not from\nas religious of a home as she was.\n\nROSENBAUM: No, let's put it this way, I wasn't religious at all.\n\nBERMAN: Was it important for you to marry someone Jewish or did it just happen?\n\nROSENBAUM: I'll tell you, when I first met her, and we went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"visit her bubbe\n[Yiddish: grandmother] and went over to... We had a seder dinner. I'd never\nattended a seder in my life.\n\nNow, oddly enough my mother went to Temple, a Reformed Temple in Little Rock,\nevery Saturday religiously. But we served treif. I went to Sunday school. I was\nconfirmed in Sunday school and all, but we were not a religious family. I was\nnever religious at all. As a matter ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fact, until I met Margy, I had never had a\ndate with a Jewish girl, but I think two or three Jewish girls in my life. All\nof my friends, practically, in Little Rock were Christians, and we got along\nfine. The girls and all I dated were Christians, and we got along fine too.\n\nBut when I met Margy and I met her family, and I saw how very religious she was,\nI was really impressed. She explained to me what ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zionism was and all. I said,\n\"Hey, that's the right thing. That's right.\" I was impressed with it. I told her\nwhen we got married, as far as keeping kosher, \"If you want to, fine. But I'll\ntell you right now that I'm going to...\" I think I told her when we first got\nmarried, that I would always love her, I would always be good to her, but I\nwasn't going to go to shul [Yiddish: synagogue] on every Saturday or Friday\nnight. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't.\n\nAnyway, I tried to make it clear to her that I was... I have always had... most\nof my friends were Christian. But I was so very happy that I met a Jewish girl\nthat loved me, too. That was just perfect, and just wonderful, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because all the\nChristian girls that I dated--and I liked them, and I had sweethearts and all--I\nnever really wanted to marry one of them. I wanted to marry one of my own, and\nthat just worked out fine.\n\nI remember the first seder I attended. I really was impressed with it. I liked\nher family and her bubbe who raised her. The more I saw of her family, the\nreligious side of it, the more I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"impressed with it. Right after the Six Day\nWar, it wasn't Margy that said, \"Let's go to Israel.\" It was me. We went and she\nwas shocked, she even just couldn't believe that this [unintelligible] would\nwant to go to Israel. I went three times.\n\nIn any event, when I was 78, I decided to get bar mitzvahed. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of my grandsons\nsaid, \"Everybody in the family's been bar mitzvahed but you. Why don't you try\nit?\" I said, \"I've never had a Hebrew lesson in my life.\" Anyway, I went to\nSidney Ziff and I said, \"Would you give me Hebrew lessons so I can get bar\nmitzvahed?\" At 78, I got bar mitzvahed.\n\nBERMAN: That is wonderful. Did you have a party?\n\nROSENBAUM: Man, did we ever have a party, yes! It was probably the funniest bar\nmitzvah they ever had here. But anyway, no, it was great! We had a party at the\nclub and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything. I'll tell you what, I think about eight or ten of my\nChristian friends from Little Rock came.\n\nBERMAN: That is wonderful.\n\nROSENBAUM: Anyway, that's enough about that.\n\nBERMAN: I have a question about coming home from the military. You served\nobviously with both white and African American soldiers.\n\nROSENBAUM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: When you came back to the South, did you have a different idea about how\nthings should be? Did it bother you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it was so... the inequality?\n\nROSENBAUM: You know, I didn't do a whole lot of thinking about how whites and\nJews and African Americans and all got along. I didn't think about that a whole\nlot. All I know is that I always looked at a person about who and what they\nwere. I didn't give a damn whether he was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Irish, or Spanish, or black, or what.\n\nI was marooned on Guadalcanal for two and a half days with a black man. I\nwouldn't have taken $100,000 for having have had him there. I mean, he was my\nboy. He was my best buddy. I didn't give a whole lot of thought about... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have\nnever mistreated a person in my life knowingly because of his color, or his\nbeliefs, or anything like that. I may have unintentionally been unfair to some\npeople in my time, but that's not my style. I don't go in for that thing.\n\nReally and truly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I came back, I didn't think a great deal about how blacks\nwere treated. I felt badly when I saw signs on drinking fountains that said,\n\"White only.\" It bothered me when I saw that on the street cars and busses it\nsaid, \"Blacks to the rear,\" and black restrooms... . white restrooms... . They\ncouldn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"use our restroom. That bothered me. It really did, but I was never a\nfighter about things like that.\n\nI didn't get up and get a soap box and make speeches. I never felt like I was\nqualified to do that. I didn't have a wonderful education. I just got out of\nhigh school in Arkansas, and I guess you might say a high school education in\nArkansas would be like maybe kindergarten in Ohio. But, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anyway, I haven't had a\nproblem with antisemitism or a big problem with racism or anything like that.\n\nBERMAN: Have you liked living in the South?\n\nROSENBAUM: Hell, I like living anywhere with that woman right there. Sure, I\nlike living in the South. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not used to New Yorkers, but when we... I used to\nmake trips to New York. I'd known a lot of New Yorkers. I knew New Yorkers, and\nChicagoans, and other people from up east all in the army. Some of my best\nbuddies in the army were from New York--one of them was from Pine Bluff,\nArkansas--and I never had a problem with them.\n\nI ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like living in the South because I like the life in the South, and the way\npeople talk to each other, and you visit each other in the neighborhood. [I]\ndon't want to live in an apartment where I don't know anybody in the whole area.\nI like to live on a street where I know everybody.\n\nStrangely enough, the very best friend I ever had in my life happened because of\nantisemitism. It was a redneck from Pine Bluff, Arkansas. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you want to hear\nthis about Abe Stone?\n\nBERMAN: I do.\n\nROSENBAUM: We were on guard duty in Miami, Florida, and we were lying in the\ngrass waiting for our time to get on duty. There were three or four of us lying\ndown there in the grass... somebody made a remark to the guy next to me. I\ndidn't know his name. He said, \"How do you like it down here in Miami?\" He said,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I like it all right except there's too damn many Jews down here.\"\n\nIn those days, I had a lot shorter fuse than I got today. I leaped around there,\nand I jumped over on him, and I had my arm down on him. I said, \"Well, you got\none on top of you now! What you going to do about it?\" He said, \"Wait, wait,\nwait, wait, wait! Hold on! Wait a minute! Wait just a second now!\" I'm waiting\nto see what he's going to say. He says, \"Look, I'm a stupid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country boy from\nPine Bluff, Arkansas. I have never known a Jew in my life, and I made that\nremark because I just heard somebody else making it and I thought it was smart.\"\nHe said, \"I'm going to tell you something. I ain't scared of you, and I'll get\nup and fight you any time you want to, but that was stupid, and I apologize. I'd\nrather be your friend. Will you shake hands with me?\" I said, \"Yeah, I'll shake\nhands.\" So, we shook hands.\n\nFrom that moment ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on, for the next few years [and] after the war, we became very\nclose friends. He visited us in Birmingham. We visited him in Pine Bluff,\nArkansas. He was probably the best friend I ever had. It all happened because of\nan antisemitic remark. I heard him tell somebody one day, he said, \"If I ever\nhear anybody say anything dirty about Rosen[baum] being a Jew, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going to kill\nthe son of a bitch.\" That's the way he felt. You never know how these things happen.\n\nBERMAN: Were you friends for the next... How long were you friends then, forever?\n\nROSENBAUM: Until he passed away last year.\n\nBERMAN: Wow.\n\nROSENBAUM: His daughter called me up and told me. I really miss him. That's\nabout all I can think of.\n\nBERMAN: Let me just check my notes and see... ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess, just in conclusion, if we\ncould just ask you, looking back, how would you describe your life here in Birmingham?\n\nROSENBAUM: Fine, I love it. I'm very happy, and we've got lots of friends, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nas long as my wife is happy, I'm happy. That's all I care about.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you very much.\n\nROSENBAUM: Birmingham is a great city as far as I'm concerned. I can think of a\nlot of things wrong with the city of Birmingham--our mayor, and council, and all\nthat kind of stuff--but there's nothing I can do. We don't even live in\nBirmingham. We live in Mountain Brook anyway. But I like it. I like life here.\nWe have a good life.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/transcript/28012/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2160.0,2190.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Rosenbaum, Albert [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNorthington General was built as a temporary Army hospital in Tuscaloosa, Alabama in World War II. Work started on the hospital in the early part of 1942 and eventually sprawled over 160 acres. After the end of the war, the Army left and the University of Alabama took control of the property. Until 1952, part of the hospital was used as the temporary location of the Druid City Hospital. Other uses of the site included a temporary elementary school and supplement housing for students. By the 1970s, the buildings were mostly in ruins and the buildings were torn down. The University Mall is on the property today.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of Alabama is a public research university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States, and the flagship of the University of Alabama System. Founded in 1820, the University of Alabama is the oldest and largest of the public universities in Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBrunswick is a city on the southeast coast of Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePizitz was a major regional department store chain in Alabama, with its flagship store in downtown Birmingham. At its peak it operated 12 other stores, mostly in the Birmingham area with several locations in Huntsville and other Alabama cities. The chain was founded as the Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Co. in 1899. It ceased operations in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pfeifer Brothers Department Store opened in downtown Little Rock, Arkansas in 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFive Points South is a historic neighborhood in Birmingham, Alabama, close to the University of Alabama and downtown. Known as an entertainment district, it is a popular area for dining, shopping, and recreation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePearl Harbor is located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands is a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. On December 7, 1941 the Japanese surprised the United States by attacking the United States’ fleet, which was docked in Pearl Harbor. Just before 8 a.m. on that Sunday morning, hundreds of Japanese planes descended on the base, where they managed to destroy or damage nearly 20 American naval vessels, including eight battleships, and over 300 airplanes. More than 2,400 Americans died in the attack, including civilians, and another 1,000 people were wounded. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was the beginning of World War II for the United States, which until that time had remained neutral. A few days later, Germany declared war on the United States as well and we began fighting in the Pacific and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWalgreens is an American drug-store chain that began in 1901, when Charles R. Walgreen Sr. purchased the Chicago drugstore where he had worked as a pharmacist.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress is a four-engine heavy bomber aircraft developed for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC). From its introduction in 1938, the B-17 evolved through numerous design advances and was primarily employed by the United States Army Air Forces in the strategic bombing campaign of World War II against German industrial and military targets.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGuadalcanal is the principal island in the Solomon Islands in the southwestern Pacific.  It was the site of the first major offensive by Allied forces against Japan during World War II.  Between August 7, 1942 and February 9, 1943 Guadalcanal was one of the bitterest battlefields in the Pacific, at the end of which the Allies were victorious.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArmorer training went in-depth on maintenance and repair of the guns, plus bombs, bomb racks, and all associated gear.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II had two primary theatres: The European Theatre and the Pacific Theatre. The European Theatre stretched across the entire continent, form the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains. It also encompassed campaigns in the Middle East and Africa. The Pacific Theatre was where a series of battles during World War II took place. Geographically, it was a large area that included the Pacific Ocean and Asia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMilne Bay is a large bay in Milne Bay Province, south-eastern Papua New Guinea. Milne Bay is a sheltered deep-water harbor accessible via Ward Hunt Strait. During World War II, it was the site of the Battle of Milne Bay, also known as Operation RE of the Battle of Rabi by the Japanese. The battle, which took place from August 25, 1942 through September 7, 1942, was the Allies’ first defeat of Japanese forces on land.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJackson Barracks is a military base in the Lower 9th Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana. The base was established in 1834 and known as New Orleans Barracks until 1866. During World War II, it was used as a port of embarkation. Today (2021), it is the headquarters of the Louisiana National Guard.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe term ‘concentration camp’ refers to a camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy. In Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945, concentration camps (Konzentrationslager; briefly ‘KL’ or ‘KZ’) were an integral feature of the regime. The Nazis differentiated between concentration camps, which were used to contain slave laborers and prisoners of the Nazi state, and extermination camps, whose primary purpose was the systematic killing of prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdolf Hitler (1889-1945) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer (“leader”) of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of Nazi Germany, he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and was a central figure of the Holocaust.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFinschhafen is a town 50 miles (80 kilometers) east of Lea on the Huon Peninsula in Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. The town is commonly misspelt as Finschafen or Finschaven. During World War II, the town was also referred to as Fitch Haven in the logs of some U.S. Navy men. During World War II, it was the site of the Battle of Finschhafen which was fought between Australian and Japanese forces between September 22 and October 24, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGili Gili is a village on the north-western coast of Milne Bay Province in Papua New Guinea. During World War II, it was the site of an important Allied naval base.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNadzab is a village in the Markham Valley of Papua New Guinea. The Nadzab Airport is located east of Nadzab and was the site of the only Allied paratrooper assault in New Guinea on September 5, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGusap was an airport built by U.S. Army engineers during World War II. It is in the Markham Valley of Papua New Guinea. It was developed into a major base consisting of ten airstrips and numerous facilities for fighter and light bombers. Later in the war, it also was a base for the Royal Australian Air Force. It is still in use today (2021) as a general aviation airport, but has no scheduled commercial airline service.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDobodura Airfield, or more accurately a complex of airfields, was located in Australian Papua in western New Guinea island. It was built by US Army Air Forces between Dec 1942 and early 1943. A total of 15 airstrips were in place at the height of the base's use during World War II, with the airstrips east of the town of Dobodura housing the main facilities. Aside from being the home of several bomber and fighter squadrons, Dobodura was also used to receive war material, including heavy field guns, to support the Allied over-land campaign on New Guinea island. After the war, all but one airstrip was abandoned. Today, the former Dobodura No. 7 \"Kenney\" airstrip is being used by the civilian Girua Airport.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePillboxes are dug-in guard posts, normally equipped with loopholes through which to fire weapons, made from concrete. The name “pillbox” arose from their perceived similarity to the cylindrical boxes in which medical pills were once sold.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHollandia refers to the town of Hollandia, which is now known as the city of Jayapura, New Guinea. The town had been a large settlement in the Dutch half of New Guinea. In 1942, the area was occupied by the Japanese. The Battle of Hollandia took place April 22-26, 1944 and was an engagement between Allies of World War II and Japanese forces during World War II. The majority of the Allied force was provided by the United States, with the bulk of two United States Army infantry divisions being committed on the ground.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBiak is a small island (45 miles long and 23 mile wide) located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua, an Indonesian province, and is just northwest of New Guinea. In World War II, the Battle of Biak was fought between the U.S. Army and the Japanese Army between May 27 and August 14, 1944. The island is strategically located off the center of Geelvink Bay, which made it well suited for an airfield. The battle was part of a larger Allied campaign to clear New Guinea in preparation for an invasion of the Philippines.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIwo Jima is an island in the Volcano Islands. The Allies invaded Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945. The battle lasted until March 26, 1945 and was one of the fiercest battles in the Pacific, as the Japanese were all dug in underground. Some 6,800 American Marines died. Mount Suribachi, a volcanic peak, is on one end of the island. This is where American Marines raised the flag on the fourth day of battle, an event which became an iconic image of the war. Iwo Jima was occupied by the United States until 1968 and then was returned to Japan. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe USS Monterey (CVL-26) was an Independence-class light aircraft carrier of the United States Navy, in service during World War II and used in training for several years thereafter.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Letterman Army Hospital, established around 1898 and redesignated as the Letterman Army Medical Center in 1969, was a US Army facility at the Presidio of San Francisco in San Francisco, California, US. It was decommissioned in 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHirohito (1901-1989) was emperor of Japan during World War II and Japan’s longest-serving monarch. When he came to power in 1926, there was a rising democratic sentiment in Japan, which soon turned toward ultra-nationalism and militarism. During World War II, Japan attack nearly all of its Asian neighbors, allied itself with Germany, and attacked the United States. Hirohito later portrayed himself as a virtually powerless constitutional monarch, but scholars generally believe he played an active role in the war effort. After Japan’s surrender in 1945, he became a figurehead with no political power, although he remained emperor until his death.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe war in Europe officially ended on May 7, 1945 when German General Alfred Jodl signed an unconditional surrender to the Allies in Reims, France. The following day, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel officially surrendered to Soviet forces in Berlin. The war in the Pacific Theater did not end until August 15, 1945, when Japan officially surrendered.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTom Brokaw (1949-  ) is an American television journalist and author. He is the author of The Greatest Generation (1998) which chronicles the story of D-Day (the Allied invasion of France in June, 1944) through the words and stories of individual men and women. As a result, “the greatest generation” is mentioned often in discussion of American soldiers in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Vietnam War occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 to the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975. This war fought between North Vietnam—supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Bosnian War was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The main belligerents were the forces of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and those of the self-proclaimed Bosnian Serb and Bosnian Croat entities within Bosnia and Herzegovina.  The Bosnian War has been described as Europe’s deadliest conflict since World War II. It was the first conflict since the Holocaust to be formally judged as genocidal due to the war crimes involved, which included rape, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Iraq War, also called the Second Persian Gulf War, (2003-2011) was a protracted armed conflict in Iraq that consisted of two phases. The first of these was a brief, conventionally fought war in March-April 2003. A United States-led force of troops from the U.S., Great Britain and several other countries invaded Iraq and overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein. This was followed by a longer second phase in which the U.S-led occupation of Iraq was opposed by an insurgency. The U.S. began to reduce its military presence in Iraq in 2007 after violence began to decline, but did not formally complete its withdrawal until December 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\"Buck sergeant” refers to a newly promoted sergeant or to the lowest rank of sergeant in the military.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSeder [Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world.  Some communities hold seder on both the first two nights of Passover. The seder incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism, sometimes also called Liberal Judaism, is a division within Judaism especially in North America and Western Europe. Historically it began in the nineteenth century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture.   While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKosher/Kashrut is the set of Jewish dietary laws that dictate how food is prepared or served and which kinds of foods or animals can be eaten. Food that may be consumed according to halakhah (Jewish law) is termed ‘kosher’ in English. In a kosher kitchen and home, meat and dairy are kept separate, so a separate sets of dishes, cookware, and serving ware are needed. Food that is not in accordance with Jewish law is called ‘treif.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eZionism is a movement that supports a Jewish national state in the territory defined as the Land of Israel. Although Zionism existed before the nineteenth century, in the 1890s, Theodor Herzl popularized it and gave it a new urgency, as he believed that Jewish life in Europe was threatened and a State of Israel was needed. The State of Israel was established in 1948 and Zionism today is expressed as support for the continued existence of Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Six-Day War was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria. Relations between Israel and its neighbors had never fully normalized following the 1948 War of Independence and in the period leading up to June 1967 tensions became heightened. As a result, Israel launched a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields on June 5 following the mobilization of Egyptian forces along the Israeli border in the Sinai Peninsula. The outcome was swift and decisive. Israel took control of the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. The Sinai was returned but the other territories were incorporated into Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandment] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Sidney Ziff was the rabbi at Temple Beth-el in Birmingham, Alabama. He was a legendary figure in the Birmingham Jewish community. 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Southern whites have reclaimed the world using it with pride and defiance as a self-identifier.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/annotation_set/520/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMountain Brook is an upscale city and suburb east of downtown Birmingham, Alabama.  It extends along the ridges known as ‘Red Mountain’ and ‘Shades Mountain.’ It is home to the Birmingham Zoo and Birmingham Botanical Gardens.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=2130.0,2160.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Rosenbaum, Albert [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history and early childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=0.0,273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Albert, I would like to begin by having you tell me a little bit about your own background, where you were born, and how you ended up in Birmingham [Alabama].","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=0.0,273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birmingham, Al","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brunswick, Ga","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pfeifer Brothers Department Store","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pizitz","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pizitz Department 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II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=273.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: What year did you enlist, or were you drafted?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial 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II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=273.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Experience being Jewish in the military","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=420.0,816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: How was it being Jewish in the military? Did you notice any kind of problems being Jewish in...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=420.0,816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Biak","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concentration camps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dobodura Airfield","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finschhafen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gili Gili","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler, Adolf","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hollandia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jayapura, New Guinea","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Letterman Army Hospital","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"miltary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nadzab","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Papua New Guinea","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"United States Army","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"USS Monterey","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=420.0,816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thoughts on the nuclear bomb","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=816.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: My question goes to... We’ve asked this to a lot of the veterans we’ve interviewed and we’ve interviewed a lot of veterans in the last couple of years. What do you feel about the United States using a nuclear bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Does the way you felt about it then... Do you still feel the same way today?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=816.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"atom bomb","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hirohito","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hiroshima","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Japan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nagasaki","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nuclear bomb","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=816.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Generational differences","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=988.0,1211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Do you feel that there was a difference between that generation and today’s generation?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=988.0,1211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tom Brokaw","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Vietnam War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=988.0,1211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civilian life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1211.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Was it a difficult adjustment back into civilian life after the war?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1211.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birmingham, Al","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"civilian life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Little Rock, AR","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"post-war era","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rosenbaum, Margy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1211.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Religious observance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114#t=1447.0,1694.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/43269/file/116114/index/47926/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Was it important... Your wife mentioned earlier that you were not from as religious of a home as she was... 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