{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/dv1cj8931g/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Podber, Abe (2001)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2001-03-08 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Abe Podber (Interviewee)","Marsha Vrono (Interviewer)","Ruth Einstein (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAbe Podber is interviewed by Marsha Vrono and Ruth Einstein in Atlanta, Georgia on March 8, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eAbe briefly outlines his background. He talks about life in Germany after the war. Abe recalls the German occupation of his town. He recollects meeting his wife. Abe talks about immigrating to the United States. He describes his surviving brothers. Abe details his early days in Atlanta, Georgia. He explains how he began a grocery business and learned English. Abe remembers joining Shearith Israel. He talks about other survivors. Abe considers what he taught his children about Judaism. He recounts his experiences working for a German guard on a railroad. He shares an experience in the camps. Abe details the days before liberation. He remembers his sister-in-law and her children. Abe reflects on how Atlanta has changed over the years. He talks about his family.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)","\u003cp\u003eAbe Podber was born Moses Avraham Podberesky in Wiszniew, Poland on September 9, 1919. Abe was the third of four sons and had two sisters. In the pre-war years, life was good for Abe and his observant family. Abe attended a Polish and a Hebrew school. After finishing school, he helped his father run their export business. When the Germans invaded western Poland in 1939, Russia took the opportunity to occupy the eastern half of Poland, where Wiszniew was. However, it was not until the Germans advanced into eastern Poland during the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 that life dramatically changed. Abe’s eldest brother was immediately murdered. His two other brothers escaped to Russia. Abe only narrowly escaped death after he was arrested. Chained to a group of prisoners and taken to a local cemetery where a work detail was digging a mass grave, he realized he was about to be shot. Abe grabbed a shovel and pretended to be part of the burial detail, taking the place of a prisoner who had escaped. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eAbe, his parents, his sisters, and the remaining Jewish population were soon confined to a ghetto the Germans established. Abe worked as a forced laborer in the ghetto. In August 1942, the Jews living in the ghetto were rounded up. Truckload after truckload was taken to a large building nearby, lined up against a wall, and shot. Those who remained at the end of the day were then forced into the building. When the Germans set fire to the building, Abe and a few others managed to escape. Abe’s family remained inside the burning building. Abe found shelter in a nearby forest. A few weeks later, he was captured and sent to a work camp.  \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eAfter spending about a year in the work camp, Abe was shipped to Stutthof concentration camp in Germany. Life became much more difficult. After a few weeks, Abe was sent to Dachau concentration camp. From Dachau, Abe was sent to Kaufering, a sub-camp of Dachau near Landberg am Lech. Abe spent the next two years living in harsh conditions and performing difficult manual labor. In the spring of 1945, in the closing days of World War II, the Germans sent the prisoners of Dachau and its sub-camps on a death march south toward Tyrol, Austria. The Jewish and Russian prisoners Abe was with stopped at a camp near Wolfrathausen, Germany. Abe hid in a chimney when the Germans began to shoot a large group of Russian prisoners of war. The Jewish prisoners were left alone and soon liberated by American troops.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eAfter liberation, Abe spent several months in the Feldafing Displaced Persons camp. He found work with the US Army and made a living selling toys in DP camps. In 1949, he married another Polish survivor, Phyllis (Fela) Sonshein, in Ulm, Germany. During this period, Abe was also reunited with his two brothers, who had spent the war in Russia. In 1949, Abe, Phyllis, her mother and brother, and one of Abe’s brothers immigrated to the United States; his other brother went to Israel. Abe and Phyllis settled in Atlanta, Georgia, where they raised three sons and were members of Shearith Israel. Abe bought a series of grocery stores and worked in real estate. The couple had three sons. Abe passed away in 2011. Phyllis passed away in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAbe Podber is interviewed by Marsha Vrono and Ruth Einstein in Atlanta, Georgia on March 8, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbe briefly outlines his background. He talks about life in Germany after the war. Abe recalls the German occupation of his town. He recollects meeting his wife. Abe talks about immigrating to the United States. He describes his surviving brothers. Abe details his early days in Atlanta, Georgia. He explains how he began a grocery business and learned English. Abe remembers joining Shearith Israel. He talks about other survivors. Abe considers what he taught his children about Judaism. He recounts his experiences working for a German guard on a railroad. He shares an experience in the camps. Abe details the days before liberation. He remembers his sister-in-law and her children. Abe reflects on how Atlanta has changed over the years. He talks about his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbe Podber was born Moses Avraham Podberesky in Wiszniew, Poland on September 9, 1919. Abe was the third of four sons and had two sisters. In the pre-war years, life was good for Abe and his observant family. Abe attended a Polish and a Hebrew school. After finishing school, he helped his father run their export business. When the Germans invaded western Poland in 1939, Russia took the opportunity to occupy the eastern half of Poland, where Wiszniew was. However, it was not until the Germans advanced into eastern Poland during the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 that life dramatically changed. Abe\u0026rsquo;s eldest brother was immediately murdered. His two other brothers escaped to Russia. Abe only narrowly escaped death after he was arrested. Chained to a group of prisoners and taken to a local cemetery where a work detail was digging a mass grave, he realized he was about to be shot. Abe grabbed a shovel and pretended to be part of the burial detail, taking the place of a prisoner who had escaped.\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eAbe, his parents, his sisters, and the remaining Jewish population were soon confined to a ghetto the Germans established. Abe worked as a forced laborer in the ghetto. In August 1942, the Jews living in the ghetto were rounded up. Truckload after truckload was taken to a large building nearby, lined up against a wall, and shot. Those who remained at the end of the day were then forced into the building. When the Germans set fire to the building, Abe and a few others managed to escape. Abe\u0026rsquo;s family remained inside the burning building. Abe found shelter in a nearby forest. A few weeks later, he was captured and sent to a work camp. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eAfter spending about a year in the work camp, Abe was shipped to Stutthof concentration camp in Germany. Life became much more difficult. After a few weeks, Abe was sent to Dachau concentration camp. From Dachau, Abe was sent to Kaufering, a sub-camp of Dachau near Landberg am Lech. Abe spent the next two years living in harsh conditions and performing difficult manual labor. In the spring of 1945, in the closing days of World War II, the Germans sent the prisoners of Dachau and its sub-camps on a death march south toward Tyrol, Austria. The Jewish and Russian prisoners Abe was with stopped at a camp near Wolfrathausen, Germany. Abe hid in a chimney when the Germans began to shoot a large group of Russian prisoners of war. The Jewish prisoners were left alone and soon liberated by American troops.\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eAfter liberation, Abe spent several months in the Feldafing Displaced Persons camp. He found work with the US Army and made a living selling toys in DP camps. In 1949, he married another Polish survivor, Phyllis (Fela) Sonshein, in Ulm, Germany. During this period, Abe was also reunited with his two brothers, who had spent the war in Russia. In 1949, Abe, Phyllis, her mother and brother, and one of Abe\u0026rsquo;s brothers immigrated to the United States; his other brother went to Israel. Abe and Phyllis settled in Atlanta, Georgia, where they raised three sons and were members of Shearith Israel. Abe bought a series of grocery stores and worked in real estate. The couple had three sons. Abe passed away in 2011. Phyllis passed away in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/828/small/Podber_Abe.m4v_1723048811.jpg?1723048812","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Podber_Abe.m4v"]},"duration":3601.632,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/828/small/Podber_Abe.m4v_1723048811.jpg?1723048812","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/247/828/original/Podber_Abe.m4v?1723048808","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3601.632,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Podber, Abe_2001 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: My name is Marsha Brono. It is March 8, 2001 and we are going to be\ndoing an interview today. I am going to let Mr. Podber introduce himself to you.\nIf you will just tell us your name now and if your name changed from before the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=0.0,25.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: My name is Abe Podber, used to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=25.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Podberesky. When I come here to the\nUnited States and when we make the citizenship paper, the judge said to me, he\nsaid, \"Podbereski is too big name. You have to cut in half.\" I cut in half. [It]\nis Podber. My name is Abe M. Podber.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=30.0,51.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Can you tell us a little bit about yourself, your family, and how many\nchildren were in your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=51.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family, where you were born, a little bit about your\nhistory before the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=60.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I been born in Poland and we have --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=70.0,77.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: What city in Poland?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=77.0,81.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Wiszniew. We have four brothers and two sisters. In 1941, when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=81.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the war\nbroke out, the Germans got me. I been in the concentration camp from 1941 till\n1945. May the 5th, 1945, the United States Army come in in Germany and they\nliberated us. That ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place used to call Wolfrathausen. That's in Germany. We got\nliberated in that place. They used to carry us to Tyrol hills and they tried to\nkill us in that place. Later, the Germans run away because the American ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Army\nused to be really close to us. That when we got liberated. That is in 1945, the\n5th [of] May. After that, I been in a camp that used to call Foehrenwald. We\nspent a little time in that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place. Later, I just come together to myself. I used\nto run around, make a little business, to make my life a little better. After\nthat --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=180.0,189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: What kind of business did you do there? Was this like a DP [displaced\npersons] camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=189.0,194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Toys, toy business. I used to --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=194.0,197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: This was after the war then, when you lived in a camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=197.0,201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: After the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=201.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: After the camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=202.0,203.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, after the camp, after 1945. That's what I said.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=203.0,207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Was it like a DP camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=207.0,209.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: A DP ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=209.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=210.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you were in the DP camp, you could go and do work? As soon as you\ncame to yourself, then you could go, and get work, and do a few things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=211.0,224.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I used to do business in that place with toys after the war. In 1949, I\nmeet my wife.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=224.0,232.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: What is your wife's name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=232.0,234.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Phyllis. We met in 1949. From this time, we came here to the United ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=234.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"States.\nAnd that's what we live here in Atlanta, Georgia 1949 till today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=240.0,245.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I am going to back up just a minute --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=245.0,249.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Alright.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=249.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: -- to talk a little bit about your home before you went to the war, when\nyou lived with both your parents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=250.0,259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: [What]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=259.0,260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: You lived with both parents --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=260.0,263.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Oh, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=263.0,264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: -- at home with four brothers and two sisters. Where were you all split\nup? In the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=264.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camps, or did you -- Were you all in the ghetto?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=271.0,277.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Oh, about the ghetto?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=277.0,280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=280.0,281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Okay. In 1941, the Germans coming in to our town. They put us in a ghetto.\nIn the ghetto, we used to -- We don't have nothing to eat in the ghetto because\nwe used to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=281.0,301.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be in a fence, used to be a fence all around and we can't go out from\nthe ghetto. The Germans used to come in and take us to work. Everybody tried to\ngo out to work, but such and such young people is the most what they used to\ntake it. I used to work on the railroads. At nighttime, we used to get you a\nloaf of bread to take ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=301.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it in the ghetto, to give to father and mother and the --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=331.0,340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I already said it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=340.0,343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Right. It is okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=343.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Okay. In 1945, the American Army come in and they liberated March the 5th.\nFrom this time, I used to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=346.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a DP camp a year or a year and a half. Later, we\nstarted to do business with toys. I used to carry toys from Germany, from the\nGerman people, to the DP camps for the children, because the survivors, when\nthey come out, they marrying, they have children and they need toys. I used\nto--me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=361.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a friend of mine--used to go, we used to take suitcases and carry\nthem to the DP camp. We used to sell. That way we make a living till 1949. In\n1949, I met Phyllis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=391.0,409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: How did you meet Phyllis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=409.0,412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Well, when I used to carry the toys, selling them to the camps, I used to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=412.0,421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have my brother. I meet my brother because I never see him. In that camp what I\nmeet her, is my brother used to be, too. He survived from the Russian Army. He\nused to be in the Russian Army. Okay. Later, he say, \"I got here live a nice\ngirl. If you want to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=421.0,451.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"marry.\" I never got in mind that, but he take me upstairs.\nShe used to live upstairs. She used to have the mother. I go in, I look, and I\ndon't see her. She don't been in the house. Later on, we make another\nappointment and I come in, I find her in the house with her mama, we started\ntalking. She used to have a brother. He's here--Irving--in the United States, in\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=451.0,481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"same, in Atlanta. We come together from Germany. From 1949, we come together\nwith her brother and mother. We used to live here. Her mother died here in the\nUnited States, but we married in Germany in 1949 [on] March the 8th. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=481.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married\nand we been in -- couple months, maybe four or five months. Later, we come to\nthe United States. In the United States, we have three children, three boys. One\nis Arnold, Morris, and Jacob. They are living not far from us. We make a living.\nI have several businesses. I used to be in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=511.0,541.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the grocery business. I make a fine\nliving for the children, and for her, and for me, and we happy to be here in the\nUnited States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=541.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I am going to back up just a little bit. When you came, when you all\ndecided to come and Phyllis' mother came with you all also -- When you came to\nthe States, it was Phyllis' mother, and Phyllis, and you --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=551.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=567.0,568.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: -- and her brother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=568.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Irving.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=570.0,571.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=571.0,572.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: What ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=572.0,573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about your brother that came?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=573.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: My brother left to Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=575.0,577.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Moshe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=577.0,578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: And one brother [came] here in the United States. He used to live in\nAtlanta with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=578.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: But he came later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=585.0,587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: He come maybe a month later. He used to live in New York. Later on, he\ncan't make it in New York. I write him a letter. I talk to him, and I told him\nto come over here to Atlanta, and we going to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=587.0,604.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"together in the business. He\ncome over but -- He married and he got three children--one girl, two boys. When --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=604.0,619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: About eight or nine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=619.0,623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: He here about eight years. He go. He died and it's really -- I'm really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=623.0,634.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sad\nwhen he died because he used to be a very fine man. He used to belong to Beth\nJacob and he used to have services. He used to daven in there, things, because\nhe used to go for opera singer, and he used to be a chazzan in Beth Jacob.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=634.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: And his name is?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=656.0,658.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Max Podber.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=658.0,659.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: And your other brother in Israel?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=659.0,662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: In Israel, he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=662.0,664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=664.0,664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: And his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=664.0,666.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: His name is Moshe. You remember. You saw him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=666.0,670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: What I was going to ask you is: How did it happen that you came to\nAtlanta? Did you have family in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=670.0,680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=680.0,681.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: How did you think to come to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=681.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: We don't know anybody who came before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=685.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No, we don't have no family or nobody, but the Jewish Federation in\nGermany, when we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=688.0,695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"registered, they don't tell us where we go. They just later\ncall us and say, \"We going to have -- You going to have to go to the United\nStates.\" I say, \"Where in the United States,\" because we know New York and we\nknow all the big cities. They say, \"Atlanta, Georgia,\" and I don't know where is\nAtlanta, Georgia, but we come here and we happy. It's a nice city. We make here\na home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=695.0,724.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=724.0,725.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to Atlanta, where was your first home? Where was the\nfirst place you lived in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=725.0,734.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: We used to live on 885 Washington Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=734.0,739.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Eight seventy-three.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=739.0,741.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Eight eighty-five Washington Street. After that, a year later, we bought a\nhome on Amsterdam Avenue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=741.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: You remember --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=750.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Amsterdam Avenue. We are live in Amsterdam ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=752.0,756.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Avenue, next to the post office,\nmaybe a couple years, two, three years. Then, we sold that house and we come\nhere on Lenox Road, 1929 Lenox Road. We happy to be here. It is a nice section.\nIt's a nice home. We like it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=756.0,773.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you were living in Washington Street, your first -- It was an\napartment, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=773.0,779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah. No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=779.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: It was a house?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=780.0,782.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah. No, a little --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=782.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Not an apartment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=784.0,785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: A ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=785.0,786.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"small house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=786.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Who lived with you there, besides Phyllis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=787.0,790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Downstairs used to be the -- What is they name? Siegel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=790.0,795.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No, I forgot what was his name because --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=795.0,799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Was your mother --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=799.0,801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=801.0,802.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: She lived next door, by Butler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=802.0,805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: With Irving?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=805.0,806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: With Irving, with Phyllis' brother, lived next door.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=806.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: [Yes.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=810.0,811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Your first business, when you were on Washington, how did you first\nstart to find a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=811.0,818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business here or get started?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=818.0,821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I used to have a friend, named Garber.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=821.0,826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: My mother --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=826.0,828.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I meet him. I met Mr. Garber in the shul. He helped me to buy a little\ngrocery store. The little grocery store used to be on Fourth Street. I forgot\nthe -- ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=828.0,848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"301 Fourth Street. A little bitty -- I used to make a nice living in the\nlittle store. Later, I sold --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=848.0,857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Did it have a name? Was it your name or did you have another name for\nthe grocery store?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=857.0,865.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Fourth Street --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=865.0,867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: What is the store was named?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=867.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=870.0,871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Sherwood Store. We bought it from --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=871.0,874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: We bought it from a fine ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=874.0,877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"man. He used to help me to do the business.\nI mean, the people used to come in in the store. They used to ask by me, is the\nlady she used to own the store, she used to be a teacher. She told me, \"What is\nthat? Call that,\" and I used to say. She ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=877.0,907.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say, \"Fat bacon.\" I used to -- Fat\nbacon. I used to know -- You got to know -- I used to write it down that the\nkhazer mit fet [Yiddish: pork with fat]. That is what I learned a little bit.\nUntil today, I still cannot speak good English, but I understand everything what\nsomebody talk to me and I am happy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=907.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Was that the only English education that you got here? Or did you do\nclasses --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=930.0,936.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=936.0,937.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"classes. I didn't have any time to go to classes because I got to make a living.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=937.0,944.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: I went. I went to classes with your brother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=944.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Okay, so that was on Washington. While you were on Washington Street,\nyou opened your first grocery store?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=948.0,955.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=955.0,956.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: [Yes.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=956.0,957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you moved from Washington Street, you still were in that grocery store?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=957.0,962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=962.0,963.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I sold that store and I bought a little bigger ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=963.0,967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"store. From the little\nbigger store --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=967.0,970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: We built another store.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=970.0,972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I built one in the Perry Homes, a store. I sold that because that's really\nhard work, but I don't mind. I used to work hard to make a living to support my children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=972.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Then, you went into the toy business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=988.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Then you moved to Amsterdam?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=992.0,995.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Yes, tell them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=995.0,997.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=997.0,997.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, so we are back to when you were living on Amsterdam, and you sold\nthe little store, and you bought another store. Was it one store or two stores\nthat you bought?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=997.0,1010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: You got one on Fourth Street --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1010.0,1013.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: We will go into that. Okay. So you talked about that. You had a friend\nhere, Garber, that he helped you and that's how you got started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1013.0,1024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1024.0,1025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Do you remember even ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1025.0,1027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the day that you came? Do you remember the very\nfirst day that you came in to the States, to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1027.0,1040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: November the 17th.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1040.0,1043.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I told you --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1043.0,1046.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: No, you are --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1046.0,1049.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: We come to Atlanta in November the 17th, in 1949. After ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1049.0,1057.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, maybe two or\nthree months later, I already been in business because Mr. Garber helped me to\ngo in the business. He didn't pay for me. He helped me and I signed a note to\npay. In the store, he don't have in the stock too much and he don't have\nrefrigeration. Mr. Garber take me to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1057.0,1087.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place what they have refrigeration. I\nbought a freezer there. They bring it in, they connect it, everything, but they\nask me how I going to pay. I say, \"If I do good business, I going pay you right\naway.\" He said to me, \"We going to put a meter on the box and every day you\ngoing to have to put in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1087.0,1117.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"four quarters.\" I said, \"Okay.\" One day, I put eight\nquarters; the second day, 12 quarters; the third day, I put 20 quarters. When\nthey come collecting-- every month, they used to come and collect the\nmoney--they used to be really --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1117.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Happy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1140.0,1141.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: -- really excited. [They] say, \"How do you do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1141.0,1147.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that? We make four quarters\nand you got 50 quarters, 100 quarters. How you make --\" I say, \"I want to pay\nyou off as soon what I can. I don't like to own any money to people.\" Everything\nbe fine. I used to do the business. I used to make a living for my wife and\nchildren. Everything's fine. Then later, somebody come and I sold the store.\nWhen I sold the store, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1147.0,1177.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"make a couple -- several hundred dollars. Then, I\nbought me something else. I buy a bigger store on Pryor Road, but I don't\nremember the -- Nineteen -- I don't remember the number on Pryor Road. On Pryor\nRoad, used to be the same things. I don't pay too much for that. I stay a couple\nof years and I sold it again. I started to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1177.0,1207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go in the toy business. I been in\nToco Hill in the toy business, because I already know the toy business. I been\nin Toco Hill. But in Toco Hill, used to be nice. I used to go with a tie and I\nused to -- take my little kids sometimes to a movie. There used to be an open\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1207.0,1237.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1237.0,1238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Drive in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1238.0,1239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: -- movie. You go in with a car. They used to -- After that, I used to them\nto get the pizza and everything. That what I make. I don't like to be in the toy\nbusiness because they sell off business. I sold it to Woolworth. Woolworth used\nto be -- I sold that store to Woolworth Company. Later, I left to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1239.0,1267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Perry\nHomes. Somebody built for me a store, and I ran this store, and I stay a couple\nof years, and I sold it, too. From this time, I been out --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1267.0,1279.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Mason Avenue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1279.0,1280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I got on Mason Avenue a store and everything is fine with my life. I make a\nfine living for the children. I make for myself and everything. I am really\nhappy to be in the United States because this is one the best country in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1280.0,1297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1297.0,1297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Your first impression of Atlanta and -- like, the community -- How did\nyou start to meet people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1297.0,1306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: About the shul or something like that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1306.0,1310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1310.0,1311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: The shul.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1311.0,1312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Okay. When I come to Atlanta, I am looking for a shul, for a synagogue. I\nused to live on Washington Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1312.0,1322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Across the street from Rabbi [Tobias] Geffen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1322.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I come ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1326.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out outside. I look around where I am because I come and right away,\nI've been in the house and I don't been out of the house. In the morning, I come\nout. I'm looking here [to one side] and I'm looking here [to the other side].\nUsed to be a delicatessen [called] Siegel's on Washington Street and one more\n[business]. He used to kill chickens, [Paul] Borstein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1327.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Borstein, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1354.0,1355.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: After that, used to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1355.0,1357.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be on that side, [Ben] Stein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1357.0,1359.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Stein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1359.0,1360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Mr. Stein used to be -- When I come into them, they Yiddish. They speak\nYiddish with me because I didn't know English. I ask him, \"Where is a synagogue\nhere?\" [He said], \"About a block, here is a synagogue.\" On Washington Street,\nused to be a synagogue. I come in in the synagogue and they ask me -- All the\npeople, if I have to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1360.0,1387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started to count names, I know each one, but they are\nalready not here now. They gone. I come in in the synagogue and they asking\nabout me, that I can daven. I say, \"Yeah, I learned Hebrew and the whole\nthings.\" What I know is Hebrew, to read in Hebrew, and I used to speak in\nHebrew, and everything. They put me to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1387.0,1417.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daven and I started to daven. They told\nme to -- They ask me that I can read the haftorah, the maftir. I say, \"Yeah, I\ncan read the maftir.\" I started to read the maftir. From this time, I been in\nShearith Israel on Washington Street till they move to University Avenue. When\nthey move to the University Avenue, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1417.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have already four or five rabbis. On\nWashington Street, when I come in is Rabbi Geffen. [He] used to live across the\nstreet from me. The shul used to be right away next to the rabbi.\n[unintelligible; 24:19] When I come out, I saw on Rosh Hashanah evening, I see\nso many cars. I come in to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1447.0,1477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rabbi Geffen. I ask him, \"Rabbi Geffen, what is\nit? Gentiles going to the services for Rosh Hashanah?\" He said, \"No, meyn kind\n[Yiddish], my child.\" He said to me, \"When the people cannot -- when the people\nare not coming with their cars, we don't have a minyan because the people living\nso far, they are living ten ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1477.0,1507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mile, 15 miles from the synagogue, that we need\nthem. We need people.\" That what I left. I been in the shul since 1949, in\nShearith Israel, till last week. I don't know if I still going to be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1507.0,1527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you moved into Washington Street, I know that some of the other\nsurvivors -- Were there other survivors living ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1527.0,1538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the neighborhood then, too?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1538.0,1541.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, it used to be. Mr. Bornstein, Regina Bornstein. You know that [name]?\nSolnick --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1541.0,1551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Shmuel and Isaac.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1551.0,1554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: And your father, [Marsha], and your uncle used to live not that far. But I\nremember one things. When your father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1554.0,1568.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Isaac used to have on Tenth Street, a\ngrocery store, they used to go to Mr. Bornstein buying kosher chicken. Your\nmother, too, but I don't know -- They used to go, but later they have to go back\nhome, they get lost. One time, your father told me they started to go home, and\nthey go, and ride on a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1568.0,1598.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bus, and they got him in -- You know where? On Gordon Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1598.0,1603.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: With the --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1603.0,1605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: On Gordon Street. They got lost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1605.0,1608.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Marsha's --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1608.0,1609.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, Isaac and Sam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1609.0,1611.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Yes, these are all the kind of stories that we want to hear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1611.0,1617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah. That's what I remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1617.0,1619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: You talked about that you really did not have any training with the\nlanguage, that you learned from the woman at the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1619.0,1628.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"store most of what you learned.\nWas that difficult for you, with the language?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1628.0,1633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Sure, that was difficult. Very difficult used to be because I don't\nunderstand everything what they asked me. Later, I called Mr. Garber. Mr. Garber\ntold me what is the name [of] that and that, and write it down in Hebrew or in\nYiddish. I used to write it down in Hebrew, if somebody used to come in and ask\nme, in one side English and one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1633.0,1658.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"side Hebrew or Yiddish. I used to look at it on\nthe paper, I know what they want. They want a loaf of bread, we used to call\nthem the same things. Or pork chop, that is fleysh [Yiddish: meat], khazer\nfleysh [Yiddish: pork meat], or something like that. That was [how] I learned a\nlittle bit to call the names, from the groceries, from all the cans, like pork\nand beans and everything. I used to write it down. They used to come in and say,\n\"What is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1658.0,1688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pork and beans?\" I say, \"khazer und beblach [Yiddish: pork and beans].\"\nThat's what I learned a little bit from once I did that, but it is still hard to\nspeak good English like the English people speak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1688.0,1702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you came in, you talked already a little bit about the synagogue\nand that that's how you met people. Was it more of the American people that you met?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1702.0,1714.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1714.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Or was it more of the survivors?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1715.0,1718.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1718.0,1718.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, not survivors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1718.0,1720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: You did not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1720.0,1722.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No. I don't meet any survivors in the shul, in Shearith Israel on\nWashington Street. [It was] just people what they come over about 50 -- In this\ntime, they been already 75 years here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1722.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I know you said -- I know on Washington Street there was also the\nAhavith Achim ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1740.0,1749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogue. Why did you pick -- Did you have a choice? Or did you\nwant Shearith Isreal? Did you go to both?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1749.0,1759.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: You see, in this time I don't ride on Shabbos. That shul used to be two\nblocks from me where I used to live. That's why I joined to that shul, to\nShearith Israel. I am really happy being with Shearith Israel till ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1759.0,1779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1779.0,1779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: There were organizations that were in Atlanta at the time. Did you join\nany of these organizations?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1779.0,1787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, we used to come in in the Jewish Alliance--used to call it the\nAlliance. That is in -- Jewish Center used to be --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1787.0,1798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: Tenth Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1798.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: On Tenth Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1799.0,1801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Was that the Jewish community center at that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1801.0,1805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah. Used to be. We used to come ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1805.0,1809.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out every week together. We used to go in\nthe lakes together with other survivors. We used to go in Calloway Gardens together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1809.0,1818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I know that the survivors started to stick together once they came here,\nbut how did you even find out about one another? Since you did not really know\nanybody when you came here, how did you find out about the other survivors?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1818.0,1836.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: You see, we used to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1836.0,1838.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come in sometimes to the center. We used to see a lot\nof people and they didn't speak English good. If they didn't speak in English, I\nknow they -- One is from Lithuania, one is from Poland, one is come from Russia,\nand one come from all from Germany, from all the way -- That what we find out\nall the people that they the survivors. Some been in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1838.0,1868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the concentration camps.\nMost been in the concentration camps. I been with two families, Mr. Sam Weiss\nand Isaac Weiss. We used to be in the same camp, but I don't know them from\nthen. When we come out from the concentration camp, is in the DP camp. We just\nstarted to talk, \"Where you've been? I've been in that --\" I say, \"I been in the\nsame camp ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1868.0,1898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where you been.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1898.0,1899.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Was there any time to do anything other than working? Like, could you do\nany other activities? You just were with the children, like you said, to the\nJewish center?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1899.0,1911.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: We used to be really busy with the children because, with the children, we\nused to go everywhere, in the parks, and then we used to go in in the lakes, in\nSpivey Lake, and we used to go, in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1911.0,1927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other cases, gardens with the children. All\nthe families, we used to come in together with the survivors and we used to go\ntogether. He used to go with Isaac Wise, and Sam Wise, with the children, and\nwith a lot of people we used to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1927.0,1946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Now, we want to talk a little bit about your children. You have three\nboys and their names are?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1946.0,1954.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: One is Arnold Podber. That's the oldest ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1954.0,1957.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one. One is Morris Podber, the\nsecond one. I got one, Jacob. He is the youngest one, but he is not a young one\nnow. He is a teacher in a college. What is it called? The college called [Ohio\nUniversity in] Athens, Ohio.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1957.0,1982.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I know that they -- You have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1982.0,1987.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandchildren.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1987.0,1988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Oh, yeah, they -- Arnold's got two girls. Morris got one girl and a boy.\nJacob is not married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1988.0,2000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Did you name your children according -- after --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2000.0,2006.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, Arnold's two children, two girls, one is --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2006.0,2012.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: No, your children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2012.0,2014.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Mine?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2014.0,2015.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Your children and the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2015.0,2018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandchildren. Was Arnold named after someone or\n-- How did you come up with the names?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2018.0,2031.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Oh, yeah, Arnold. His name Alter Reuvan. That is Phyllis's father. Morris\nis named for my father and Jacob is the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2031.0,2048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother's name, my mother's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2048.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Your children, all but Jacob lives out of town. But the other boys are\nhere in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2050.0,2059.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Living here in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2059.0,2061.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I know that you have strong values with going -- with the synagogue and\nclose ties. You've obviously passed them on to your children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2061.0,2073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah. I gave the children a very Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2073.0,2077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"education. They can come in the\nshul, daven, and go have the services really good. They know how to do that and\nthey -- Arnold read the Torah on Yom Kippur. I say the maftir and he read the\nTorah. Morris is really educated, but he don't want to go davening. But he's\nreally educated in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2077.0,2107.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew. Jacob speaks Yiddish, and Morris speaks Yiddish, and\nArnold speaks Yiddish. That's Yiddisher children, Yiddisher kinder [Yiddish:\nJewish children].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2107.0,2116.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Did you feel like it was important for them to be able to speak Yiddish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2116.0,2123.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, it's very important to know. When me and her talk in Yiddish, they\nhave to understand what we are talking, because I talk with my wife Yiddish all\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2123.0,2137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2137.0,2137.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: Coming out of your experience in the war, did you try to teach your\nchildren anything special about being a Jew, or how to treat other people, or\nwhat did you -- From your life, what lessons did you try to teach them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2137.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I didn't have to. I didn't teach my children that, but they see how we\ndoing the whole things. Shabbos is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2157.0,2167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shabbos; Rosh Hashanah is Rosh Hashanah; Yom\nKippur is Yom Kippur. They follow us, everything what we doing. That is what\nthey learn. Everything is by yourself to be a Jew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2167.0,2180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: What about how to how people should treat each other and about tolerance?\nWhat did you teach them about how to deal with people who are different from\nthem? When they went to school in America, there are so many ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2180.0,2197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different -- Kids\nare so different. How did you teach them how to behave with their friends?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2197.0,2205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I told them. I say, \"You are going to have to be so nice to people. If\npeople asking you about something, don't go away. Tell him everything, but in a\nnice way,\" and, \"Be nice to everybody.\" That's what they learned. They nice. You\nknow, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2205.0,2227.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our children, how many survivors we got, they want the finest what can be,\nthe finest children. They really like the family. They like the father, the\nmother. We like -- We love the children. We love all the survivors because they\nhave really [bad] problems in the camps. When they survive, that is nothing but\nG-d made ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2227.0,2257.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them to survive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2257.0,2261.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: When they got me in the camps, we been maybe five or 600 people together.\nThey bring us from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2261.0,2287.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland. Later on, they put us all in the line. Each morning,\nthey line up hundreds and hundreds of people. The German what he is in charge,\nhe come out and say, \"Who is a lock maker? Who is a lock maker?\" We're looking\nhere [to one side]; we're looking here [to the other side]. Nobody go out. I'm\nthe one. I take three ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2287.0,2317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"steps and I walk out. After me, I see three more coming\nout. They [are] lock makers. Okay, but I'm scared. I'm not a lock maker. When\nthey going to tell me to make a lock, a locksmith, I don't know how to do that,\nbut I take a chance. I step out. Later, he said he got five ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2317.0,2347.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. He takes us\noutside and they have locomotives, railroads. You know what are locomotives.\nThey give us rags. He say, \"You have to make that really sauber [German:\nclean],\" really clean. \"Oi,\" I said, \"G-d is with me.\" From everybody, nobody\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2347.0,2377.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can make it. He gave us water and he gave us something in the cans. I even don't\nknow, paste or something. We started to clean the motor. We clean it up\nbeautiful, everything, and we finish. They tell us to go in the house. A house,\nunderneath used to be nothing, just a barrack, nothing, no bed, no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2377.0,2407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nothing. We\nused to lay down. It is terrible. Okay. In the morning, we come out to the same\nGerman [and ask,] \"What shall we do more?\" He says [to each of us,] \"You here.\nYou here. You here. You here.\" Four or five locomotives. He shows us. When he\nbrings us in, here come a man what he drive the locomotive, a German. When we\ncoming ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2407.0,2437.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in, he gave us a piece of bread. [I thought,] 'Oh, gosh. He gave me a\npiece of bread. It is --' I don't know. I don't know why he do that. I don't\nknow. I take the piece of bread, and eat a piece of bread, and put it in my\npocket. I put it in the pocket for later. Okay, seven months later, I already\nlearned what he do, how you drive the locomotive, how you make the water,\neverything. They got to have steam and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2437.0,2467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything. I make it. He make it, and he\nshows me, and I learn. He comes maybe a month, two months later. He say, \"You're\ngoing to have to drive the locomotive.\" I said to him, \"Why? Warum [German]?\" He\nsay, \"I have to go to the front to fight the Russians.\" He asks, \"You can do\nthat?\" I say, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2467.0,2497.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Yeah.\" He comes in, the [unintelligible], big boss, to me\nand he says, \"If you don't know how to do that, we gonna make you kaput [German:\nbroken; gone].\" But I know how to drive. What is it I used to drive? I used to\npick up the people to go to work. I used to carry it to that place what they\nused to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2497.0,2527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work. I leave it. All day, I'm staying with that German what he watch\nthe people. I stay, used to talk to him, that's all. Night time, he used to give\nme a piece of bread--the same man--and I used to be happy. One day, he told me,\n\"You're going to have to go pick up the food from that and that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2527.0,2557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"station.\" I say,\n\"Jawohl [German: yes].\" I say, \"I go.\" When I come to the station to pick up the\nfood for the people and I go by. You know what he say to me? [He said,] \"If you\ngoing to pass that house, blow the horn.\" I used to blow the horn. He used to\ncome out with two big bags, with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2557.0,2587.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a pair of pliers and knock, cut it off. [There]\nused to be a seal. You know what a seal [is]? He used to cut it off. I said,\n\"Golly, now they gonna kill me. When I coming back, there's gonna be a seal\nopen.\" But what he do. He have a seal. He used to put on another seal with the\n[unintelligible], and he used to make it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2587.0,2617.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good. He'd give me two loafs of\nbread. When I come to the camp, to the place, I have a long coat, a thin one,\nand that. I put one loaf here [under one arm]--I already have plenty to eat,\nbecause I have in camp--and [I put] one loaf of bread here [under other arm],\nand I go like that [with my arms by my side]. When I fixing to go in --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2617.0,2642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: To the gate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2642.0,2643.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: To the gate. Come on. I used to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2643.0,2646.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go from the gate. I used to go in in the\ngate. Stay one German, a watchman. He say, \"Halt!\" I stop and I look at him. [He\nsaid,] \"Was Haben Sie hier [German: What do you have here]?\" [He wants to know]\nwhat I have here [under my arms]. I got really scared. When I picked up the\nhands [into the air], they fell down, the two loafs of bread. [He asked,] \"Who\ngave it to you?\" I don't going to say who gave me. [I said] I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2646.0,2676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stole them. What\ncan I? I can't say other things. I say, \"I stole that because I am hungry.\" He\ntake me in a big fence. He bring me in in a fence. The fence used to be\nelectric. He put me a potato in the mouth. The flies is going round, and round,\nand that. He said, \"Don't you move. You stay next to me. Don't you move.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2676.0,2706.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He see\nthe flies is going at me. [He said,] \"Don't you move.\" I stay, and stay, and\nstay. I just got sick and tired to stay. I think I going to fell down on the\nelectric wires and that is it. All of a sudden, I see the same Obersturmfuhrer\n[a Nazi officer rank], what he give me the job. He passed by. I can't talk to\nhim, but I make [coughing sounds]. When he turned around the head, he said to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2706.0,2736.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me, \"You verfluchte Schweine Hund [German: cursed pig dog]!\" He said to me. You\nknow what he said? You understand what he said? Something, a bad word.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2736.0,2746.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: A filthy Jew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2746.0,2747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: What a verfluchte Jew, something he say. In Deutsche, he said. He said,\n\"Was machen Sie heir? [German: What are you doing here?]\" I can't talk. He\nstarted to scream at the watchman, \"That's my best man! You take him, you put\nhim in?\" He said, \"He stole two loafs of bread.\" He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2747.0,2766.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"He need it. He got to\neat. I need that man.\" He gave me back the two loafs of bread. I go in the camp\nand I give all the people the two loafs of bread. They started to cut each one\nto pieces and eat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2766.0,2785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Did this same German officer stay with you the whole time while you were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2785.0,2791.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: They used to change them. They used to take him to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2791.0,2796.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"army right away.\nThey used to them--not all the time. They used to switch them all the time. I\nused to risk my life in a lot of things. I used to. I have a friend in Israel.\nHe died. She meet him. We used to --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2796.0,2822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: It's a lot to talk about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2822.0,2826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things. I can talk and talk [with] him about a lot\nof things, but from family I started to talk, I cannot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2826.0,2833.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Have you told your children these stories? Like the story --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2833.0,2837.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Yeah, they know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2837.0,2838.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: They know these stories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2838.0,2840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: They know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2840.0,2841.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: I want to ask a question. In the camps, you had to be somebody who would\ntake risks and do things that sometimes might not have been the so-called right\nthing to do. When you came out of the camps, how did you learn how to be part of\nregular society ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2841.0,2857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again? What was that like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2857.0,2860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: It used to be really hard, but we learned from the old country to be nice\nto people, and not to do something harm to people, or not to take nothing from\nthe people, and that's what we survived till today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2860.0,2885.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: What is the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2885.0,2887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thing that had the most impact on your life because of the Holocaust?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2887.0,2894.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I cannot talk about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2894.0,2897.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: Sometimes some of these things can also be --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2897.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: I mean, I am sure that learning -- You had obviously had a lot of guts to\nbe in the camps. When you came to a new ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2902.0,2917.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country, did having being able to take\nrisks and doing things that might be kind of risky --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2917.0,2927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Let me explain you something what happened with me in Germany. One more I\nremember that things what happened. Before the liberation--that is in 1945--a\ncouple days before the American Army is supposed to come ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2927.0,2947.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in. The Germans tell\nus, \"We going to take you and we gonna let you go free.\" They take us all, maybe\na thousand -- Your Daddy's been in -- Sam Wise been in the same transport what I\nbeen in. When they bring us in a big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2947.0,2977.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"army building--it's a military\nbuilding--and they told us, \"You people going to stay here till the American\nArmy going to come in.\" But it used to be a really Nazi with name Mohler. Mohler\nis his name. He been around us because he like to kill the people. He got maybe\n1,000 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=2977.0,3007.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russian people with us together, but the Russian people used to be in\nanother building and we, the Jews, used to be in another building. We hear. We\nlook [at what is] like a house. We look in the back. They carrying the Russian\npeople, the hundreds of people. [There] is a wood outside. They bring them in\nthe wood and we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3007.0,3037.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hear the machine [guns going] 'boom, boom.' They started to\nshoot and kill all the Russians. So, I think to myself, \"If they kill the\nRussian, they're going to take us, too. Why are they going to leave us when they\ngoing to take the Russians and kill them? They're going to take us. They kill\nthe Russians and later, they going to take us.\" What I do. You see [the] chimney\n[behind me]? I started to climb from [inside] the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3037.0,3067.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chimney on the top of the\nroof. I been on the top of the roof all night. I hold [my legs] one bend here a\nlittle. I hold one like that and one like that [indicates bracing his legs]. I'm\nstaying all night. I been listening what is going on. The machines is shooting.\nSo many -- thousand there. I stay on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3067.0,3097.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"top. Later on, I see started to be\nlight already, maybe about six or seven o'clock. I take and put my head out on\nthe top of the roof, on the chimney. I see all the people going here, and going\nhere, and going here, and going here. I see military--not Germans and not the\nRussian military. I know they are not Germans, but the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3097.0,3127.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American uniform. We\ndon't see in Poland the American uniform. I see the American soldiers going\naround and around. Golly, I just let down myself and I come out. When I come\nout, everybody looking at me. They don't know me. Some know me; some not. I used\nto be like a chimney man, black, dark, from the coal, from the steam. Terrible.\nEverybody's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3127.0,3157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sitting and eating so much. They eating. The soldiers used to go and\ncatch everybody for they head. \"Don't eat too much,\" they say, \"because if you\ngo and eat too much, you going to hurt yourself,\" because people don't have any\n-- They just -- I have. I don't worry for food. I have in the time what I used\nto drive the locomotive, I used to have it. But the people never have a piece of\nbread. They used to give him so much for all day ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3157.0,3187.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and soup, they used to give.\nThey used to put in rice, maybe one box in a hundred gallons of water. They\ndon't have nothing to eat. Just a little warm water, that's all, and so much bad\nfor a whole day. Terrible. Okay. That [was why] I survive because that people, a\nlot of people died what they eating so fast and too ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3187.0,3217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much. I see a lot of people\ndie from that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3217.0,3221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: How did you get used to eating regular food? Just a little bit at a time\nor what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3221.0,3229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I never been hungry in camp. I don't been hungry, because, like I tell you,\na piece of cheese they used to give me. I used to go pick up the food.\nSometimes, I used to bring in the camp. I have my sister-in-law in camp, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3229.0,3248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too,\nwith two children. When they bring them, when they come in, first of all, the\nladies they separated from the men. The ladies separate, the men separate and\nthey used to cut off the hair. The ladies, right away, they used to shave it\noff, the hair. Later, the Germans say -- She have two children, my\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3248.0,3278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sister-in-law. They ask her, \"You going to go with the children or do you want\nto go by yourself,\" because she used to be young, strong, a lady, like all --\nShe said, \"No, I go with the children.\" They take them right away in the\ncrematorium in Stutthof, by Danzig. That's what happened. They take them and\nthey kill them right away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3278.0,3308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PHYLLIS: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3308.0,3308.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3308.0,3309.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: My brother, the oldest brother, he used to be a really big chazzan, a\ncantor. He used to learn in Vilna [Poland], in the conservatorium. He used to\ndaven in the biggest shul, in the whole shul from Vilna. When he come out\noutside, the Germans come in with a truck and they grab ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3309.0,3338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him right away. They\ntake him away right away. You know about it. The wife told me they must take him\naway right away and they must [have] killed him, because he's disappeared.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3338.0,3350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: You did not want to go to Israel after the war? Did you have a choice\nright after the war? Did you want to go to Israel with your brother or did you\nwant to come to America?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3350.0,3364.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I just want to go to the United States right away. Right ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3364.0,3369.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"away, I just want\nto go to the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3369.0,3374.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: You never considered staying in Europe? You just wanted to --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3374.0,3380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: No way. I just want to go away. My brother what he died in Israel, he said,\n\"I never go to no country in the world. I won't go nothing but Israel.\" He have\na ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3380.0,3399.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wife -- with several children and everything but he died. [It] is already\nmaybe ten years, close to ten years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3399.0,3410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: I know that you were always -- You talked so much about coming to the\nStates and you loved coming to Atlanta, but once you when you were here, did you\never find any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3410.0,3429.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitism that scared you, that reminded you --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3429.0,3432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I don't want to talk about that. Sure, we got it. Sure, and I tell you all\nthese stories. If you want me to tell, I can tell it, but it that's not nice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3432.0,3446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: Maybe, how has Atlanta changed? How does it now compare to then? Is that better?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3446.0,3452.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: In 1949, 1950, 1955, I used to go in town. I used to go run ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3452.0,3458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around.\nEverything used to be open. The streets used to be nice. Now, when you go in\ntown, you don't know where you are. It just -- Here's one way, and here is you\ncan't go in, you got to around and around. When you got to go in that building,\nyou don't know. I mean, when you go to a big building, you don't know how to go\nout of the building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3458.0,3481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: It has grown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3481.0,3482.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: It just --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3482.0,3483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: It has grown a lot since you came here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3483.0,3486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: It has ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3486.0,3487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grown unbelievable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3487.0,3488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: If you think back --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3488.0,3491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3491.0,3492.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: When you think back, what is the proudest thing that you can say about yourself?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3492.0,3500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: About the self?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3500.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: About you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3502.0,3503.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: About you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3503.0,3504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Okay, that problem is --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3504.0,3507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: No, the proudest thing, the happiest thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3507.0,3511.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: What are you most proud of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3511.0,3514.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: I'm proud of my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3514.0,3516.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children, that is the most -- my grandchildren, and when I\ngo to Israel, I got family in Israel. Even my brother died, but his wife is\nstill alive and his children is doing pretty good. And Phyllis' got a big family\nin Israel. She just talked on the telephone, just a while ago. They call her.\nThey ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3516.0,3546.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going to a Purim party. Later on, they going to put a mask on. Nobody know\nwho is that. They going to enjoy themselves a Purim party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3546.0,3558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: We loved doing the interview. We love hearing the stories. We loved\nhearing everything about how you family grew and when you came over here. We\nappreciate you doing it with us and sharing some of the stories with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3558.0,3576.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3576.0,3576.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: Thank you. I enjoy having you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3576.0,3579.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSHA: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3579.0,3580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: You are wonderful people, I tell you. You are just doing the right things.\nBut one thing: when I started talking [about] what the Germans doing to the\nfamilies, that is the worst thing in the world about for me to talk. In night\ntime, you dream all the time about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3580.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: Well, thank you very much for agreeing to speak with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3600.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ABE: You're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3605.0,3606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/transcript/69124/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"welcome. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=3606.0,3636.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWiszniew (also known as Vishnevo or Vishnevo) is a town located almost 100 kilometers (60 miles) west-northwest of Minsk, near the border of Lithuania. Until 1939, it was part of Poland. Today, it is known as Vishneva and is part of Belarus. On the eve of World War II, around 700 Jews lived in Wiszniew. After the Germans invaded western Poland in 1939, refugees fled east and the town’s Jewish population swelled to nearly 2,000.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=81.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWolfratshausen is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is approximately 50 kilometers (30 miles) south of Dachau, approaching the border of Austria.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTyrol is a state in western Austria and an historical region in the middle alpine area of Central Europe. It is located just over the southern border of Germany, about 150 kilometers from Dachau. In late April 1945, the Germans sent prisoners from Dachau south on a death march to Tegernsee, a Bavarian town in the far south of Germany, approaching the Austrian border and Tyrol. Many died during the death march from hunger, cold, or exhaustion. Anyone who could no longer continue was shot. In early May 1945, American forces liberated the prisoners who had been sent on the death march.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFoehrenwald was one of the largest DP camps. It was established in June 1945 in the American occupied zone in Germany, southwest of Munich. The buildings of the camp had previously been used to house IG Farben employees and some had held forced laborers. Foehrenwald originally served as a camp for non-Jewish displaced persons as well, but beginning in October 1945 only housed Jewish DPs. Within three months the number of Jews living in the camp rose from 3,000 to 5,300. Foehrenwald had a rich cultural, educational and social life. A school was opened for children as well as a vocational school run by ORT. A yeshiva with 150 students also operated in the camp. Theater and music groups functioned in the camp, and a weekly publication was put out entitled Bamidbar (In the Desert), which served as a forum for literary expression for the residents of the camp. Foehrenwald was the last remaining DP camp in Europe; it was closed in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWhen hostilities ended on May 8, 1945 in Europe, as many as 100,000 Jewish survivors found themselves among the 7,000,000 uprooted and homeless people classified as displaced persons (DPs). In a chaotic six-month period, 6,000,000 non-Jewish DPs, who had been deported to Germany as forced laborers for the Nazis, wandered through Germany and Eastern Europe toward their homelands. The liberated Jews, who were plagued by illness and exhaustion, emerged from concentration camps and hiding places to discover a world in which they had no place. Bereft of home and family, and reluctant to return to their pre-war homelands, these Jews were joined in a matter of months by more than 150,000 other Jews fleeing fierce antisemitism in Poland, Hungary, Romania and Russia. Allied forces established temporary facilities (DP camps) across Germany, Austria, and Italy to house DPs. Often, shelter was improvised and DPs found themselves housed in everything from former military barracks, summer camps and airports to castles, hotels and even private homes. Refugees were given some authority to manage their own affairs and some survivors began to establish new political and cultural lives. Many DPs married and started families while in the camps. From 1945 to 1952, more than 250,000 Jewish displaced persons lived in camps and urban centers in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Allied authorities and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) administered these facilities. Displaced Jews registered with various aid agencies like UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), the IRO (International Refugee Organization), or the British Red Cross’ Central Tracing Bureau (which would later be renamed the International Tracing Service) in the hopes of reconnecting with their families. Eventually, DPs were repatriated to their home countries, reestablished themselves in new countries or immigrated outside of Europe. Most of the DP camps were closed by 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=189.0,194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe “German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact” of August 1939, also called the “Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact” was a short-lived agreement between the Soviets and Germans in which they agreed to not attack one another and to divide Poland. German troops invaded Poland from the west on September 1, 1939. Soviet troops invaded from the east on September 17. By September 28, Germany and the Soviet Union had reached an agreement partitioning Poland and outlining their zones of occupation. The demarcation line between German- and Soviet-occupied zones ran along the Bug River, between Krakow and Lvov. Soviet forces occupied eastern Poland, where Abe’s hometown of Wiszniew was, until June 22, 1941, when the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in a military campaign codenamed “Operation Barbarossa.” The Germans arrived in Wiszniew on June 26-27, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=281.0,301.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Germans created a ghetto in Wiszniew in the fall of 1941. Over 1,000 Jews were confined to a small area, with seven or eight families per house. The ghetto was surrounded by a wooden fence and barbed wire, with only one entry. The only Jews permitted to leave the Wiszniew ghetto were those sent to one of 28 separate locations for forced labor. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=281.0,301.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWhen the Germans advanced into Poland in 1939, hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees fled westward. When the Russians then annexed eastern Poland and a German-Russian demarcation line was established, 300,000 Jewish refugees found themselves trapped on the Soviet side of a heavily guarded border. Some returned home, while about 40,000 continued their flight, fearing arrest and persecution in either German- or Russian-occupied territory. Many headed to Romania, Hungary, and Lithuania, only to later become victims of mass killing operations when German forces advanced into Soviet territory in June 1941. The vast majority of the Polish refugees, however, remained in Soviet-occupied Poland. By the time Germany advanced into Soviet territory in 1941, the Soviets had deported many of the refugees, who were considered “unreliable elements,” and deported them to Siberia, central Asia, and other locations in the interior of the Soviet Union. While they endured horrible conditions, this paradoxically saved the lives of a few hundred thousand. In July 1941, the Soviet Union reestablished diplomatic relations with the Polish government-in-exile. In July 1941, they agreed to grant amnesty to many of the Polish citizens (including Jews) who had reached the interior of the Soviet Union and were interned in Soviet prisons and labor camps. A Polish Army under a commander appointed by the Polish government-in-exile was formed and thousands of Jews from the masses of Polish refugees, deportees, and prisoners of war joined. Some were in Poland when it was liberated. After the war, as many as 170,000 Jews who had survived in Russia also returned to Poland.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=421.0,451.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeth Jacob is an Orthodox synagogue on LaVista Road in Atlanta founded in 1942 by former members of Ahavath Achim who were looking for a more Orthodox congregation. Beth Jacob is now Atlanta’s largest Orthodox congregation. The congregation first met in a rented grocery store on Parkway Drive. It moved to a permanent location on Boulevard when it purchased and renovated a two-story apartment building. In 1956, it converted the Tabernacle Baptist Church on Boulevard to a synagogue. It built its current synagogue building on a five-acre lot on LaVista Road in 1961.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=634.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavening is the act of reciting Jewish liturgical prayers during which the prayer sways or rocks lightly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=634.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe chazzan or cantor is the official in charge of music or chants and leads liturgical prayer and chanting in the synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=634.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Jewish Federation (often known as the \"Federation\" or the \"Fed\") is the secular primary Jewish nonprofit organization found within most metropolitan areas (or sometimes states) in North America that host a substantial Jewish community. Their broad purpose is to provide \"human services,\" generally, but not exclusively, to the local Jewish community. All federations at least operate an annual central campaign then allocate the proceeds to affiliated local agencies. There are 148 Jewish Federations. The national umbrella organization for the federations is the Jewish Federations of North America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=688.0,695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbe and Phyllis lived in the Washington-Rawson neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia, southeast of downtown. It included the intersection of the two streets for which it was named and was roughly bounded by Pryor Street in the east and Capitol Avenue in the west. Developed in 1870, its streets were lined with mansions. With the advent of electric streetcars and automobiles, however, wealthy residents moved to northern neighborhoods after the turn of the century. By 1910, the neighborhood was a center of the Jewish community. At one point, it was home to the Standard Club, the Hebrew Orphans Home, three synagogues, numerous Jewish owned businesses. Within just a few decades, the neighbor began to decline. Part of the neighborhood was leveled in the 1950s to build the I-20/Downtown Connector interchange and the rest of the neighborhood was razed in the 1960s to make room for the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=734.0,739.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShul is a Yiddish word for synagogue that is derived from a German word meaning “school,” and emphasizes the synagogue's role as a place of study.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=828.0,848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePerry Homes was a public housing project in Atlanta built in 1959. The buildings were destroyed by a tornado in 1975 and were replaced in 1976-77. In 1999, the public housing units were destroyed and mixed income communities were built in its place.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=972.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eToco Hills is a large commercial and residential neighborhood located in the eastern part of North Druid Hills, which is an unincorporated community in DeKalb County. The area gets its name from the Toco Hill Shopping Center, which was developed in 1956. It housed the Toco Hill movie theater until 2000, when the theater closed. The area surrounding the shopping strip is now known as “Toco Hills.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1207.0,1237.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eF. H. Woolworth Company was a retail company and one of the pioneers of the five-and-dime stores. It was started in 1879 by F. H. Woolworth in Utica, New York. The stores eventually could be found throughout the country and incorporated lunch counters. The Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina became the setting for the 1960 Greensboro sit-ins protesting the company’s racial segregation. The chain went out of business in 1997 after 145 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1239.0,1267.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Tobias Geffen (1870-1970) was an Orthodox rabbi and leader of Congregation Shearith Israel in Atlanta from 1910-1970. He is widely known for his 1935 decision that certified Coca-Cola as kosher. He also organized the first Hebrew school in Atlanta, and standardized regulation of kosher supervision in the Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1322.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrom the 1930s to 1950s, Raizel and Jacob Siegel operated Siegel’s Restaurant on Capital Avenue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1327.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReverend Paul Borstein (1910-2003) was a major participant in Atlanta Jewish orthodox life. Originally from Poland/Lithuania, he came to New York in 1921 and arrived in Atlanta in 1932, where he married. A shochet, Borstein slaughtered chickens. He and his wife, Bessie, also operated a kosher deli. He was originally a member of Shearith Israel. In 1991, he served as a shammash at Ahavath Achim. Borstein was also a mashgiach, supervising the installation of kosher kitchens in several major Atlanta hotels. He also participated in the Hevra Kaddisha.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1327.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Stein (1892-1981) was born in present day Ukraine and immigrated to the United States before World War I. He eventually settled in Atlanta, where he was a kosher butcher and opened a grocery store on Washington Street, next to Shearith Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1357.0,1359.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1360.0,1387.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe haftorah is a series of selections from the books of Nevi'im (“Prophets”) of the Hebrew Bible (Tanach) that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice. The haftorah reading follows the Torah reading on each Sabbath and on Jewish festivals and fast days. On Sabbath days, The haftarah is selected because it relates to the day’s Torah portion. On holidays and special Sabbaths, the haftarah is selected to coincide with the calendar.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1417.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaftir refers to the last portion of the Torah read on Shabbat and holiday mornings before the reading of the haftorah portion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1417.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Congregation Shearith Israel began as a congregation that met in the homes of congregants until 1906 when they began using a Methodist church on Hunter Street. After World War II, Rabbi Tobias Geffen moved the congregation to University Drive, where it became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1417.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosh HaShanah [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh HaShanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippurmay revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1447.0,1477.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA gentile is a person of non-Jewish faith.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1477.0,1507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAccording to Jewish laws, driving on the Sabbath or High Holy Days is not allowed. 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The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828#t=1740.0,1749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/132856/file/247828/annotation_set/1430/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. 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By January 1942, Stutthof was designated a concentration camp. The Stutthof prisoners were compelled to work for DAW (German Armament Works), in local brickyards, in agriculture, or in the camp's own workshops. Starting in 1944 the prisoners began to work at Focke-Wulff airplane factory, which was built in Stutthof. In June 1944, during liquidation of the Jewish labor camps throughout the Baltic, those who passed the selection were brought to Stutthof. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak to work were gassed in the camp's gas chamber. There were also transports of Hungarian Jews to Stutthof from Auschwitz and Plaszow. A total of 47,101 Jews, mostly women, arrived between June 29, 1944, and Oct 14, 1944, including 22,268 from Auschwitz, 15,851 from Riga, and 8,982 from Kovno (Kaunas). Designed to hold 20,000 prisoners, by July 1944, Stutthof held over 60,000. Conditions were brutal. Stutthof became the center for approximately 100 subsidiary camps. 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According to the Book of Esther, Haman planned to kill all the Jews, but Mordecai and his adopted daughter Queen Esther foiled his plans. The day of deliverance became a day of feasting and rejoicing. 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