{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/dn3zs2kz4b/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Floersheim, Stanley"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2008-11-24 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eStanley Floersheim was interviewed by Sandra Berman and Ruth Einstein on November 24th, 2008 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eStanley Floersheim was born June 17, 1918 in Springer, New Mexico. He was the middle of three sons born to Carl and Cora Floersheim. Stanley attended Drexel University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania when Pearl Harbor was attacked and America entered World War II. Stanley and his two brothers, Myron and Carl Jr., soon enlisted. Myron, who joined the Navy, and Carl, who was a pilot, both survived the war. Stanley was in the Air Reserve Corp while he finished his degree. He served as a First Lieutenant in the 676th Bomb Squad, 444th Bomb Op and participated in the India-Burma-China Defensive Campaign. In August 1943, Stanley was sent to India, where he spent the rest of the war. As an Aircraft Engineer Officer, he worked with crews of the B-20 bombers. He returned home in September 1945. A month later, he married Rita Lavietes and moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Stanley and Rita raised a daughter, Suzanne, and son, Steven. Stanley worked as a mechanical engineer, specializing in commercial heating and air conditioning. He died in Atlanta on January 14, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eStanley introduces his family. He explains how they came to live in New Mexico and the ranch businesses they operated. Stanley talks about leaving for college. He recalls hearing about Pearl Harbor and enlisting in the Army Air Corp. Stanley discusses his job in the Air Corp. He shares his impressions of India. Stanley talks about the independence of his childhood and his adjustment to military life. He talks about the B-29 bomber crews he worked with and his brothers’ roles in World War II. Stanley explains how he returned home after the war, married and moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Stanley recalls the Enola Gay leaving from the island he was stationed on. He shares his thoughts on the atomic bombs that were dropped on Japan. He reflects on the role of Judaism in his life and his relationships with other veterans. He considers the importance of his military service in his life. Stanley remembers his high school graduation and peers. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28424"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eStanley Floersheim was interviewed by Sandra Berman and Ruth Einstein on November 24th, 2008 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStanley Floersheim was born June 17, 1918 in Springer, New Mexico. He was the middle of three sons born to Carl and Cora Floersheim. Stanley attended Drexel University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania when Pearl Harbor was attacked and America entered World War II. Stanley and his two brothers, Myron and Carl Jr., soon enlisted. Myron, who joined the Navy, and Carl, who was a pilot, both survived the war. Stanley was in the Air Reserve Corp while he finished his degree. He served as a First Lieutenant in the 676th Bomb Squad, 444th Bomb Op and participated in the India-Burma-China Defensive Campaign. In August 1943, Stanley was sent to India, where he spent the rest of the war. As an Aircraft Engineer Officer, he worked with crews of the B-20 bombers. He returned home in September 1945. A month later, he married Rita Lavietes and moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Stanley and Rita raised a daughter, Suzanne, and son, Steven. Stanley worked as a mechanical engineer, specializing in commercial heating and air conditioning. He died in Atlanta on January 14, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStanley introduces his family. He explains how they came to live in New Mexico and the ranch businesses they operated. Stanley talks about leaving for college. He recalls hearing about Pearl Harbor and enlisting in the Army Air Corp. Stanley discusses his job in the Air Corp. He shares his impressions of India. Stanley talks about the independence of his childhood and his adjustment to military life. He talks about the B-29 bomber crews he worked with and his brothers’ roles in World War II. Stanley explains how he returned home after the war, married and moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Stanley recalls the Enola Gay leaving from the island he was stationed on. He shares his thoughts on the atomic bombs that were dropped on Japan. He reflects on the role of Judaism in his life and his relationships with other veterans. He considers the importance of his military service in his life. Stanley remembers his high school graduation and peers. \u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/111/434/small/Floersheim_Stanley.mp4_1618356761.jpg?1618342362","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Floersheim_Stanley.mp4"]},"duration":2093.567,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/111/434/small/Floersheim_Stanley.mp4_1618356761.jpg?1618342362","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/111/434/original/Floersheim_Stanley.mp4?1618342360","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2093.567,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Stanley Floersheim [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is November 24, 2008. I am with Stanley Floersheim, who has\ngraciously agreed to participate in our oral history project which is the Esther\nand Herbert Taylor Oral History Project of the William Breman Jewish Heritage\nMuseum. Today we are going to be speaking mostly about your wartime service\nduring World War II. I would like to begin the interview by just asking you a\nlittle bit about your background, where you were born, who your parents were and\nwhere you grew up.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. I was born in June 1918. My parents, my father was born in New\nMexico also. He's a pioneer of New Mexico. My grandfather went there in the\nearly 1800s. My mother is from Cincinnati [Ohio] and she moved out there. Why I\ndon't know.\n\nBERMAN: What was your grandfather's name?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Sol [Floersheim].\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What brought him to New Mexico?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Money. That's what Greeley had . . . Was it Greeley who said, \"Go west\"?\n\nBERMAN: Horace Greeley.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: [He said], \"Go west, young man. Go earn your fortune.\" That's where\nhe went.\n\nBERMAN: When did he arrive in the United States and from where?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: We don't know when he arrived in the United States, but it was . . .\nWe can't find out. We've got the history all the way back. I think he was a\nwetback, but I'm not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sure.\n\nBERMAN: Do you know what country he was from?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Germany. My grandmother was from Germany.\n\nBERMAN: What did he do in New Mexico when he first got there?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: He worked for a company by the name of Charles Ilfeld for a while.\nThen he branched out, and I guess he started buying land and property, and\neventually he brought a ranch.\n\nBERMAN: Where in New Mexico was the ranch?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Springer, New ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mexico.\n\nBERMAN: Your father worked on the ranch?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, there were three brothers. My father was the oldest one.\n\nBERMAN: What was his name?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Carl. He ran one of the stores that my grandfather owned. I had\nanother uncle who lived in Roy, New Mexico and ran a store. My one other uncle\nran the ranch.\n\nBERMAN: Could you tell me all of their names?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My uncle at the ranch was Benjamin, Ben Florsheim. The one in\nRoy was Mickey, or Milton, I guess.\n\nBERMAN: What kind of ranch was it? Cattle? Horses?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: At what period? When it started, it was a sheep ranch. They used to\nrun as many as 50,000 head of sheep. But then my grandfather got out of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it, and\nwent into cattle, and raised cattle.\n\nBERMAN: What happened to the ranch?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: They sold it a few years ago to somebody, [a] Texan, I'm sure.\n\nBERMAN: Just a few years ago?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. I had nothing to do with it. It was in my . . . My uncle died\nand left it to his two children. They died from melanoma [skin cancer], both of\nthem, the girl ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and her brother. They sold it. That's all I can tell you. I don't know.\n\nBERMAN: When did you leave New Mexico?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: When I was sixteen.\n\nBERMAN: Why?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Because I wanted to get away.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you go?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I went to college in University of New Mexico for a year. Then I\nwent east to Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eventually went to Drexel.\n\nBERMAN: Where were you when the war broke out?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Exactly?\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember where you were when Pearl Harbor was bombed?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, I remember. I was necking with a girl in a house in\nPhiladelphia when her mother came in and said they'd bombed Pearl Harbor.\n\nBERMAN: Now, that is a great ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"memory!\n\nFLOERSHEIM: It's the truth. I forgot the girl's name. I don't remember.\n\nBERMAN: What was your reaction?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: To that?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I was pretty upset. The following day--that was Monday--we went\ndown. I went to see if I could enlist, but they wouldn't take me.\n\nBERMAN: Why?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I was a Senior Engineering Officer. They said I should finish\nschool, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they put me in the ARC, Air Reserve Corp until I finished.\n\nBERMAN: Was this college that you are talking about?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, Drexel was the college. Drexel was an institute at that time.\nNow it's a college.\n\nBERMAN: When did you actually enter the service then?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: You mean when did I become active?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: That fall. I think . . . September of 1942.\n\nBERMAN: No, 1943, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No. The war ended . . .\n\nBERMAN: Right, 1942.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: 1942. Then I was sent to what they call basic training.\n\nBERMAN: Where was your basic training?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Believe it or not, Boca Raton Country Club in Boca Raton, Florida.\n\nBERMAN: That must have been posh!\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, we were there. I was there ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three months, I guess, three months\n[or] four months.\n\nBERMAN: You were in the Army Air Corp?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. There was no Army.\n\nBERMAN: The Air Corp?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Each branch of the service had its own Air Corps. I was in the Army\nAir Corp.\n\nBERMAN: Army Air Corp. What was your rank?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: When?\n\nBERMAN: When you enlisted, what did you start out as?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I started out as a First Lieutenant, no, Second Lieutenant and I\nbecame a First Lieutenant after three [or] four years.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was your goal? Were you going to fly?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I was a ground officer. I wanted to fly, but my eyes weren't good enough.\n\nBERMAN: What did a ground officer actually do?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Handle the problems of the men who worked under him. [There] were\nabout three or four hundred of them. As well as, whenever there was a death, I\nhad to write the people to tell them about their son dying. When ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had plane\ncrashes, I had to write off the planes. It wasn't a big job.\n\nBERMAN: Sounds like a big job.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No.\n\nBERMAN: Describe what the mood of the country was like in the late 1930s early\n1940s. Before the bombing of Pearl Harbor, do you think the country wanted to go\nto war?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, I don't think anybody wanted to go to war. I still don't think\nanybody wants to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"war except soldiers. Even today's war I don't think is a\nhappy one.\n\nBERMAN: What changed after Pearl Harbor? Did you see a drastic change in the\nmood of the country?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, I didn't. That isn't to say it wasn't there, but I didn't see\nit. I mean, I was just out of college really. Even though I had three and a half\nyears in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"service, I was just out of college and I didn't know a thing. My first\njob, I think, was $15 dollars a week.\n\nBERMAN: What was your first job?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: At that time, I worked for a company called Worthington Corporation,\nwhich built pumps and stuff. In fact, I'd worked for them before I went into the\nservice, so I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went back. Then I left and we moved down here [to Atlanta]. I got\nmarried in the meantime.\n\nBERMAN: Let us backtrack before we . . . We wanted to stick with the war for a\nfew minutes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Okay.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you serve? In Europe or the Pacific?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, India.\n\nBERMAN: In India.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: India and the Pacific, but mostly India, thirteen months.\n\nBERMAN: How did you get sent to India? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Now you're asking a question I can't answer. We went overseas to\nflight test, or ground test, or whatever it was the B-29. It was brand new at\nthat time. None of us had ever seen one, including the pilots who flew them\neventually. Nobody ever saw a B-29. That's what I was in, a B-29 outfit called\nthe 20th Bomber Command, and then it became the 20th Air ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Force afterwards.\n\nBERMAN: What was India like then?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I'm sure the same as it is now, dirty, full of people, everything.\nThat's another story. You could tell stories about India.\n\nBERMAN: I am interested. What was your impression?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: It was dirty. I mean, the people [were] very poor. Among the worst\nthing was the water situation was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bad. I mean, they bathed only in the monsoon\nseason. They didn't bathe when it was dry because there was no water. The most\nunusual thing [was that] the women would take their sari, a clean one--well, it\nwasn't clean--they took it into the water with them and changed in when they're\nbathing. They didn't have soap so they just washed with whatever they had.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was it like in India with the British being there and having it be\na colonial power?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Never affected us. No, we had no contact with the British except to\ntake over the British bases. But we had no contact with them. I never saw a\nBritish soldier in the three years I was there.\n\nBERMAN: Really? While ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were in the service, were you aware what was going on\nwith the Jews in Europe?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Somewhat, but only what I had read in the Time magazines we got. No,\nI knew little. It wasn't until afterwards I knew anything about the Holocaust or\nanything like that.\n\nBERMAN: Were you the only Jewish service man in your unit or were there others?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: That one I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't answer either. If there were, we never got in touch\nwith each other. No, as far as I'm concerned, the three years I was there I was\nthe only Jewish.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever feel any animosity from your fellow soldiers because of\nyour religion?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, not over there. No, I don't think in the years I was in service\nI ever felt it. There were enough Jewish people other than . . . I was in a\ngroup with . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were some in my outfit. Not my particular . . . When I\nwent in the service, there was a number of them.\n\nBERMAN: Can you describe a typical day for you in the service when you were in India?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Not really. I mean, we lived in tents mostly. Yes, we started out in\ntents, and we ate mess food ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and . . . One thing I do remember: on Sunday, when\nthe Christians went to church, they wanted to know why I wouldn't go. I told\nthem, so . . . except on rainy days, they didn't go. I said, \"What fine\nreligious people you are! You let the weather stop you.\"\n\nBERMAN: That is great.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: That's true of a lot of people.\n\nBERMAN: That is very true. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You mentioned that you saw a little bit of the\naction. When was that?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: The action I saw was when we flew to China and we were bombed a few\ntimes. And one time they told us we had to leave our tents and get in the\nshelters. I said it was too cold, I wasn't gonna do it, so I stayed in bed. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We\nhad no contact, no.\n\nBERMAN: Were you disappointed you did not see more action?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, I would have liked to. My brother did. I would've liked to.\n\nBERMAN: What did your brother do?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: He was a pilot. My older brother was in the Navy. He got the worst\nof it.\n\nBERMAN: Really?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, they were bombed a number of times. I missed all that.\n\nBERMAN: How did you family react to three boys in the service? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did your\nparents deal with this?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I really don't know. See, I never saw them. They never commented. I\nknow my younger brother and I joined. My older brother had a child who was two\nyears old, so we enlisted, which may have been a mistake. We enlisted to keep\nhim out and he was the first one drafted.\n\nBERMAN: Really?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: My younger brother was five years younger than me so he had to get\npermission to go. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Me, they kept out because they wanted me to graduate. So, my\nolder brother was the first one in service.\n\nBERMAN: Did you write a lot of letters home?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I'm sure I did.\n\nBERMAN: Did you keep any? Did your parents keep any?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, I don't think so. They might have. I don't know. I never . . .\nWe went looking for pictures. In the three years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in . . . I had an outfit,\nuniform to graduate. I left it home and went into the service in khakis. I never\ngot out of khakis until I graduated. Then, I don't even know what happened to\nthe outfit I started with. I did . . . I was in, as I said, khakis. I never wore\nanything else except shorts.\n\nBERMAN: Because it was really hot in India?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's right. Many a day it got up to 125 degrees. A lot of people\ncame home during that period, heavy people particularly because they couldn't\ntake the heat. See, 125 was the norm. Sometimes it got hotter.\n\nBERMAN: Were you able to correspond with your brothers while they were away?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No. I never knew where they were.\n\nBERMAN: That must have been a constant ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worry for you.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Not really.\n\nBERMAN: No?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: [There is] five and a half years difference. My younger brother and\nI were close. My older brother and I were just kin. No, there was no . . . Even\nto this day, I'm closer to my younger brother. My older brother, I like him but\nhe had . . . He's real old now. He's sick. But even so, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when growing up, we were\nnot friends.\n\nBERMAN: He was in high . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: We were kin folk, but we were not friends.\n\nBERMAN: Ninety-five. You have got a lot of longevity in your family.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. I'll make it, but I don't want to. I don't think I want to live\nto 95, but they told me I'm going to. See, I'm not sick. I have heart failure,\nbut I've never been sick in my life except for that.\n\nBERMAN: You look remarkable. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was it difficult to readjust to civilian life?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No . . . You mean from the army?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: It was the other way around. Hard to get used to army life, but not\nhard to get used to civilian life.\n\nBERMAN: How did you adjust to army life?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Very badly. I didn't like officers telling me what to do when they\ndidn't know what they were doing. Even if they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know what they were doing, I was\nstill doing what I knew what I was doing. I hated interference. Many a time, I\nhad a run in with Majors and sometimes Lieutenant Colonels because they were\ntrying to tell me what to do even though I was just a simple First Lieutenant.\n\nBERMAN: What happened when you . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I got called down a few times. There was a Colonel and he said, \"You\ncan't talk to the other officers like that.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said, \"Well, they got to treat me\nlike they want me to treat them.\"\n\nBERMAN: The war in the Pacific ended after the war in Europe with the atomic\nbomb. What was your reaction to that?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: To the bomb?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I was on the island when they went.\n\nBERMAN: What island?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Tinian. When the Enola Gay left, I was on that island. But we\nweren't allowed to be close to wherever it was. It was at one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"end of the island\nand we . . . It was a fairly large island. There were four or five airports on\nit so. We weren't allowed to be close. I don't know whether we heard it right\nafterwards or maybe before they took the second bomb. I don't know whether . . .\nIt didn't affect us. I guess we felt the Japanese needed it.\n\nBERMAN: How about now? Do you think it was the right thing to do?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, I guess it was the only way to stop the war. There was no other\nway without a whole lot of more people--Americans--being killed fighting, just\nlike happened in Iwo Jima. We lost more men in Iwo Jima than the Japanese did.\n\nBERMAN: How would you describe the Japanese as soldiers, as fighters?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I can't.\n\nBERMAN: You cannot?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never saw one. I was in the Air Force, a ground officer.\n\nBERMAN: Tom Brokaw wrote a book a couple of years where he described your\ngeneration as the greatest generation ever. How do you feel about that?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I can't form an opinion. We did a job. That's what we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supposed\nto do. I don't care how many people were there or anything else. That was our\njob. My job was to take care of airplanes. I would have had other druthers but\nthat was it. I tried to get into the Navy and they wouldn't accept me because of\nmy eyes. I tried to get in the Marines and they wouldn't accept me because I was\ntoo skinny. They always . . . Everybody had an excuse. I only weighed 113 pounds\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I went into the service and I was taller than I am now.\n\nBERMAN: That is amazing. That is skinny. Do you think you were tougher than the\nyoung people today, your generation?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, that I can answer truthfully. No, I don't think so. I imagine\nthat those fighting the war today had the same feeling that I did. That was\ntheir job. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether they lived or died, it was fate. I'm a fatalist.\n\nBERMAN: The war ends and you go where?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I went to New Mexico to see my folks. Then I came back to . . .\nWhere did I go from there? Back to Newark. We were in Newark a year and then we\nmoved down here [in] 1946.\n\nBERMAN: You and who?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Me and my wife.\n\nBERMAN: What is her name?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Rita.\n\nBERMAN: Her last name?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Floersheim.\n\nBERMAN: No, her maiden name.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Lavietes . . . Levitas was Ted Levitas. When my fam . . . That's\nspelled differently.\n\nBERMAN: Why did you move to Atlanta?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Because her folks were here. They moved here and so we came down\nhere. That's where we got married.\n\nBERMAN: Where at?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Where? At the Progressive Club.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who married you?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: [Rabbi Harry] Epstein. No, he didn't. He wasn't there. The assistant\nRabbi. I don't remember.\n\nBERMAN: What did her parents do in Atlanta?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: He was working in selling smoking pipes. Because during the war they\ncouldn't get younger people to go be salesman, so they got older people. He\nwasn't that much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"older but he was older.\n\nBERMAN: What did you do when you came to Atlanta?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I went to work for an air conditioning company. I think . . . I\ndon't know whether it's still in business or not. Condition Aire. I don't think\nthey're still in business.\n\nBERMAN: Is that what you did your entire career?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No.\n\nBERMAN: What else did you do?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I worked at a couple of other engineering companies. No, one was\nDelta Heating and Air Conditioning ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the other one was Joe Kennison.\n\nBERMAN: Have you been active in the Jewish community at all?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: In what way?\n\nBERMAN: Synagogue affiliation?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No.\n\nBERMAN: Clubs?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, like I . . . When we started, I said, \"I'm not really . . . I'm\nborn Jewish, but I don't have any feelings toward it.\" That's why I dropped out\nof the synagogue after fifty years. I have no feelings for it. That's a shame,\nbut religion is not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something you're born with. Religion is rote. I mean, you\ncan be born to a Jewish family and be just as good a Catholic as you can a Jew\nif that's what you're taught.\n\nBERMAN: Right.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I was taught nothing. We were the only [Jewish] family in my town.\nMy father, I think, was bar mitzvahed. My mother had no Jewish . . . I think\nthey had no Jewish education at all. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took . . . In the beginning, when I was\nyoung, my mother used to take correspondence class stuff for me to do from some\nTemple in San Francisco [California]. That was my education. I've gone to--as I\nsaid--synagogue for fifty years and in fifty years I never got a lot out of it.\n\nEINSTEIN: When the war ended and you heard what happened to the Jews of Europe,\ndid that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"affect you? Did that change you at all?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Sure. I think it did everybody. I don't think there was any limit to\nbeing Jewish or not Jewish. If you're a decent person, you're going to feel the\neffect of six million Jews or six million people being killed for no reason at\nall. Sure.\n\nBERMAN: Have you stayed in contact with any of your fellow servicemen over the years?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I'm going to put a question on that. I don't know if any of them are\nalive. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See, if they were my age group, they had to be now in their late 80s and\n90s. There ain't that many people that live that long. I happened to be stuck.\n\nBERMAN: Did you keep in touch with any of them after the war?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, they all went their own way. I did for a while, but I lost\ncontact with them. No. There weren't that many ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"officers that I was friendly with\nin the service. Today, I have one friend. He's a classmate of mine from 1936\nwhen I graduated high school and he lives here. He was in the Bataan Death March.\n\nBERMAN: Really?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. He's not Jewish.\n\nBERMAN: Too bad.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was the only Jew in my high school class, too.\n\nBERMAN: Do you think that the young people today are willing to make the same\nkind of sacrifices that you all made?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: That one is a hard one. Depends on the . . . There are too many\nvariables in there. I don't think as many of them would jump like we did. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\ndon't think. Even if they did bombing here in the United States, I don't think\nas many of the younger people would jump like my brother and I did.\n\nBERMAN: What do you think the difference is?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I don't know. I guess maybe our . . . Maybe because we wanted to see\nthe world. Who knows the reason for it?\n\nBERMAN: Do you think your generation was more patriotic than the generation today?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, I do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[think we were more patriotic] than most of . . . Now I\nbelong to the [Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America]. The JWB is\ndying because all of the members are in my age group, or most of them. There may\nbe a few from the Korean War. There may be a few, but they're not in our outfit.\nI think there's only one in our outfit from the Korean War. I don't think\nthere's any from the Vietnamese War. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But once they get out of the service they\nhave no connection with the JWB, which . . . Whether that includes religion or\nnot, I can't answer. I think they're more religious because . . . I don't know\nthe reason. I know my kids--my son and my grandchildren--are much more religious\nthan I am, but then my daughter-in-law was . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She taught Hebrew school and\nshe's a religious person, so . . .\n\nBERMAN: How many children do you have?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: One now. My daughter died some years ago.\n\nBERMAN: I am so sorry.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: It's been eleven years.\n\nBERMAN: Your son is here in Atlanta?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Where do they belong?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I think [Temple] Sinai but I'm not sure. Maybe [Temple] Emanu-El.\nThey used to belong to Emanu-El ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when Rabbi [Donald] Tam was there. Tam moved, so\nI think they changed. I mean, I might have stayed in if he'd stayed in.\n\nBERMAN: Yes, Rabbi Tam was great.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Isn't he?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: He's a nice person.\n\nBERMAN: Yes. In retrospect, just thinking about your war service, was it one of\nthe best times of your life or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the worst times of your life?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, neither one. It was one of the lost times of my life. I'm using\nthe word 'lost,' because I wasn't doing what I wanted to do or thought I wanted\nto do. It was a period in my life anything I wanted to do stopped. I did what\nsomebody else wanted me to do. You understand that?\n\nBERMAN: Yes, I do.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was that?\n\nEINSTEIN: I said you sound like someone who grew up in New Mexico on a ranch.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, I never grew up on a ranch.\n\nEINSTEIN: In an area of the country that is known for its independence.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes, I was very independent. I was. I started driving when I was\neleven. I drove a car all by [myself] with kids that were nine. When I was 13,\nwe used to go on trips into the mountains. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We led our own lives. I mean, I don't\nthink our parents . . . My parents didn't interfere, whatever we did.\n\nBERMAN: Was it at all difficult being Jewish in New Mexico?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: How can I answer that?\n\nBERMAN: I mean, did you . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Do you mean did we feel it? Yes, we felt [it]. I did. I don't know\nabout my brothers, but I did because the Catholic church was this power in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all\nor most of those small towns. Of course, they preached the doctrine against the\nJews at that time. Even though my father and my grandfather gave to the church,\nthey still preached it. I think also in the Methodist church. Now I'm not sure\nabout the others. Yes.\n\nBERMAN: How did you feel it? What happened? Can you remember any . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, they just picked on you because you were Jewish. I had to fight\nmy way through.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You were so little.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Being a kid . . . Both boys and girls . . . Yes, a lot of fighting.\n\nEINSTEIN: When you were crammed in with so many people--when you get to basic\ntraining and then in the military, there are so many guys in one small area--did\nyou learn anything about other people and what makes them tick that helped you\nlater on in life?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because most of the people I was in contact with were GIs and I\nwas an officer, so the contacts one to the other was very minimal.\n\nBERMAN: You mentioned earlier that you had to write letters to families of\nservice men who were killed in action.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: How difficult was that?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Not really because you didn't know the man. You didn't know the\nfamily. You were just telling them what ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happened and that was it.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever get any letters back?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No.\n\nBERMAN: What did you write in the letters?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Just that how sorry we felt for the loss, and described it, and that\nwas it. That was all there was to it. It was impersonal. You could almost use a\nprinted letter with something like that, but they didn't print those.\n\nBERMAN: Yes. I was thinking that that might have been a hard job.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes. Let's see if I got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something. I want to show you something. You\nthink of talking. Yes, I got it. In looking for some letters, we ran into this.\nThis is my graduation. When I graduated, that was our book. That was . . .\n\nBERMAN: Springer High School ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of . . . That is great.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: That's the senior class. Isn't that something?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I don't even remember it. Now you see a big book with a lot of\npictures. That's it.\n\nBERMAN: There was Alice Ramona Blackman. Maybe she was Jewish? Blackman?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, there was none.\n\nBERMAN: You did the address?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: One, yes.\n\nBERMAN: \"The Value of Education to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Home.\"\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember it?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, I don't even remember talking.\n\nBERMAN: This is great.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: I didn't start talking till I got much older. Yes, I was shocked.\nAll of them are dead. I think there are two of that 28 people that are still\nliving. There are two that I know of. One fellow lives here in Birmingham\n[Alabama] and the other lives in New Mexico, but all the rest of them are ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dead,\nbest I know. But they're all in their 90s late 80s, so, that's what you expect.\n\nBERMAN: I would like to thank you very much for participating in this. Before we\nshut the tape off, is there anything we might have missed or something you want\nto say?\n\nFLOERSHEIM: No, not really. I told you.\n\nBERMAN: To your children or your grandchildren, do you want to say anything\nabout your military service or . . .\n\nFLOERSHEIM: To my grandchildren? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/transcript/24757/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No. I have five great-grandchildren.\n\nBERMAN: Five great-grandchildren, my gosh.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Two grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.\n\nBERMAN: That is wonderful.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: In fact, my granddaughter, I think, is older than you are. She's 37.\n\nBERMAN: No, I am a lot older than that. This was a pleasure. Thank you so much.\n\nFLOERSHEIM: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=2070.0,2100.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSol Floersheim (1856-1946) was a Jewish pioneer and businessman in the American southwest. Born in Hamburg, Germany, he immigrated to the United States in 1879. After briefly settling in New York and Colorado, he moved to Las Vegas, New Mexico. From about 1880 until 1888, he worked as a clerk and collector at the Charles Ilfeld Company. In 1888, he and his wife, Emma, opened their own store, the Floersheim Mercantile Company. Five years later, the Floersheims moved to Springer, New Mexico. Sol soon began buying property throughout New Mexico and Colorado, including the 63,000-acre Jaritas Ranch in Springer. He also operated the Jacobs \u0026amp; Clothier general store and the Springer Mercantile \u0026amp; Banking Company. Other businesses included: the Floersheim-Blackwell Company in Clayton and Des Moines, the Cimarron Mercantile Company in Cimarron, a store in Tramperos Arroyo, holding in the M. B. Goldberg Company and the Scouring Mill Company of Tucumcari, and holdings in the Lawrence-Wardenburg Mercantile Company, which Sol Floersheim also directed. His son, Carl (1886-1976), managed the Floersheim Mercantile Company in springer; his son, Milton (b. 1892), handled a retail store in Roy, New Mexico; his son, Ben (b. 1891), and later Ben’s son, Donald, ran the ranch; and his daughter, Viola (b. 1889), held an equal share in the family’s holdings.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHorace Greeley (1811-1878) was an American newspaper editor and publisher who was the founder and editor of the New-York Tribune. He is known especially as a vigorous opponent of slavery and was outspoken in his opposition to liquor, tobacco, gambling, prostitution and capital punishment. Greeley also pushed for Western expansion but did not coin, as commonly claimed, the famous phrase “Go West, young man, and grow up in the country.” The phrase was actually written by John Soule.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“Wetback” is a derogatory term used in the United States to refer to foreign nationals residing in the U.S., most commonly Mexicans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Charles Ilfeld Company was established in Las Vegas, New Mexico in 1874 by German Jewish immigrant Charles Ilfeld. It became one the largest mercantile firms in New Mexico, with stores and warehouses across the state.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSpringer is a small town in northeastern New Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRoy is small village in northeastern New Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University of New Mexico is a public research university founded in 1889 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDrexel is a private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The university was founded in 1891 as the Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn December 7, 1941 the Japanese surprised the United States by attacking the United States’ fleet, which was docked in Pearl Harbor, a United States Navy deep-water naval base on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was the beginning of World War II for the United States, which until that time had remained neutral. A few days later, Germany declared war on the United States as well and we began fighting in the Pacific and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton is a city on Florida’s southeastern coast, known for its golf courses, parks and beaches. During World War II, Boca Raton became home to the Boca Raton Army Air Field. Over 100,000 troops passed through Boca Raton for training or en route to service in the Pacific or Europe. More the 800 buildings and four runways were constructed on over 5,000 acres of land that is today the site of Florida Atlantic University and Boca Raton Airport. The Air Field trained pilots on B-17 bombers and operated as the only radar training facility during the war. The Air Corps also took over the luxurious oceanfront resort, Boca Raton Club, to house trainees and officers from the radar training school. The expensive furnishings were replaced by standard army bunks housing eight to a room. When the club became too crowded, the grounds, including the golf course, turned into a tent camp. The air field continued to operate until 1947, when a hurricane caused extensive damage and most of the property was sold back to the city.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStanley is referring to the Iraq War, also called the Second Persian Gulf War, (2003-2011) which was a protracted armed conflict in Iraq that consisted of two phases. The first of these was a brief, conventionally fought war in March-April 2003. A United States-led force of troops from the U.S., Great Britain and several other countries invaded Iraq and overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein. This was followed by a longer second phase in which the U.S-led occupation of Iraq was opposed by an insurgency. The U.S. began to reduce its military presence in Iraq in 2007 after violence began to decline, but did not formally complete its withdrawal until December 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Worthington Corporation was founded in 1899 by Benjamin Guggenheim in New York City, New York. The Worthington Corporation was a diversified American manufacturer that had its roots in Worthington and Baker, a steam pump manufacturer founded in 1845. In 1967 it merged with Studebaker and Wagner Electric to form Studebaker-Worthington. This company was in turn acquired by McGraw-Edison in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boeing B-29 “Superfortress” is a four-engine propeller-driven heavy bomber that was flown primarily by the United States at the end of World War II. It was initially used against Japan as a high-altitude strategic bomber but was more effective in low-altitude nighttime incendiary bombing missions. The B-29 also carried the atomic bombs that were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrom the mid-18th century to mid-19th century, India was directly controlled by the East India Company, an English company incorporated by royal charter for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India. General distrust and dissatisfaction with the company let to a widespread mutiny in 1857. The British government took possession of the company’s assets and imposed direct rule known as the British raj. The raj was intended to increase Indian participation in governance, but the powerlessness of Indians to determine their own future without the consent of the British led to an increasingly adamant national independence movement. In 1947, the raj was dissolved and the subcontinent was partitioned into two sovereign states: India and Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTime is an American weekly news magazine and news website published and based in New York City. It was first published on March 3, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Nagasaki was bombed on August 9, 1945. Japan sued for peace on August 15, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTinian is one of the three principal islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Together with uninhabited neighboring Aguigan, it forms Tinian Municipality, one of the four constituent municipalities of the Northern Marianas. Tinian's largest village is San Jose. Tinian is less than forty square miles in size and located approximately 1,500 miles south of Tokyo. After the Battle of Tinian (July 24 through August 1, 1944), the island became part of a base for the 20th Air Force. Its proximity to Japan is one of the reasons the island served as the launching point for the atomic bomb attacks against Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Enola Gay was a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber that was used by the United States to drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945. It was the first time the explosive device had been used on an enemy target. The plane took off from Tinian Island, one of the Mariana Islands, at approximately 2:45 AM on August 6, 1945. A crew of 11 and a bomb known as “Little Boy” were on board. The mission was piloted by Colonel Paul Tibbets (who named the plane after his mother) and Robert A. Lewis. When the bomb was dropped over Hiroshima at 8:15 AM, tens of thousands of people were killed.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIwo Jima is an island in the Volcano Islands. The Allies invaded Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945. The battle lasted until March 26, 1945 and was one of the fiercest battles in the Pacific, as the Japanese were all dug in underground. Some 6,800 American Marines died. Mount Suribachi, a volcanic peak, is on one end of the island. This is where American Marines raised the flag on the fourth day of battle, an event which became an iconic image of the war. Iwo Jima was occupied by the United States until 1968 and then was returned to Japan. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTom Brokaw (1949-living) is an American television journalist and author.  He is the author of The Greatest Generation (1998) which chronicles the story of D-Day (the Allied invasion of France in June, 1944) through the words and stories of individual men and women. As a result, “the greatest generation” is mentioned often in discussion of American soldiers in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNewark is the largest city in U.S. state of New Jersey and the 65th largest city in the United States. It is located 8 miles west of New York City, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Theodore “Ted” Clinton Levitas (1924-2016) was a native Atlantan and pediatric dentist. He attended Boys’ High in Atlanta. He was a graduate of the Emory University School of Dentistry. He served as chief of staff for the Ben Massell Dental Clinic in Atlanta for several years. He was in the United States Navy during World War II, serving in the Pacific Theater. He was president of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, the American Society of Dentistry for Children, the Southeastern Society of Pediatric Dentistry, the Northern (Georgia) District Dental Society, and Atlanta's Thomas P. Hinman Dental Society.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Progressive Club was a Jewish social organization that was established in 1913 by Russian Jews who felt unwelcome at the Standard Club, where German Jews were predominant. At first the club was located in a rented house until a new club was built on Pryor Street including a swimming pool and a gym. In 1940 the club opened a larger facility at 1050 Techwood Drive in Midtown with three swimming pools, tennis and softball. In 1976 the club moved north to 1160 Moore’s Mill Road near Interstate 75. The property was eventually sold as the club faced financial challenges and the Carl E. Sanders Family YMCA at Buckhead opened in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Harry Epstein (1903-2003) was a native of Plunge, Lithuania who served as the rabbi of Ahavath Achim Synagogue in Atlanta, Georgia from 1928 to 1982.  Under his leadership the congregation began to shift to Conservatism, which they adopted in 1952. 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To accurately estimate the extent of human losses, scholars, governmental agencies and Jewish organizations since the 1940’s have relied on a variety of records including census reports, captured archives, and postwar investigations. The best and most commonly accepted estimate of Jewish victims is six million.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Bataan Death March was a 66-mile (106 km) march in the Philippines that 76,000 prisoners of war (66,000 Filipinos, 10,000 Americans) were forced by the by the Japanese military to endure in April 1942, during the early stages of World War II. During the main march—which lasted 5 to 10 days, depending on where a prisoner joined it—the captives were beaten, shot, bayoneted, and, in many cases, beheaded; a large number of those who made it to the camp later died of starvation and disease. Only 54,000 prisoners reached Camp O’Donnell, a former Philippine army-training center used by the Japanese military to intern Filipino and American prisoners. Though exact numbers are unknown, some 2,500 Filipinos and 500 Americans may have died during the march, and an additional 26,000 Filipinos and 1,500 Americans died at Camp O’Donnell.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America (also referred to as the ‘Jewish War Veterans,’ or the ‘JWV’) is an American Jewish veterans' organization, and the oldest veterans group in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War began when North Korean forces invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950. American troops entered the war in defense of the Republic of Korea to the south against the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the north. Fighting ended on July 27, 1953, when an armistice agreement was signed maintaining a border between the Koreas near the 38th Parallel and creating the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) between the two Korean nations that still exists today.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Vietnam War occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 to the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975. This war fought between North Vietnam—supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Sinai was founded as a Reform congregation in 1968 and met in a variety of locations before establishing a synagogue on Dupree Drive in Sandy Springs, north of Atlanta. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Emanu-El is a Reform congregation established in Dunwoody, Georgia (now Sandy Springs, Georgia) in 1978. 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The Institute for Jewish Studies at Emory University in Atlanta was named in honor of Tam by congregant Arthur Blank, co-founder of the Home Depot, and his wife, Stephanie Blank.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/annotation_set/480/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“GI” is a nickname given to American soldiers during the Second World War. GI stands for \"Government Issue.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=1890.0,1920.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/index/47802","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Stanley Floersheim [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/index/47802/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family History","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434#t=30.0,238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39843/file/111434/index/47802/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was born in June 1918. 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