{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/db7vm43c8f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hart, Carol Lobman"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2011-01-18 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Hart interviewed by Sandra Berman and Ruth Einstein on January 18, 2011, in Montgomery, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eCarol Lobman Hart's family has been in Alabama for several generations, going as far back as her great grandfather. Carol’s paternal grandparents moved to Montgomery when her father, born in 1890, was six months old.  Her grandfather, Nathan Lobman, and his cousin, Louis Steiner, started Steiner-Lobman Dry Goods, a wholesale business that sold mostly work clothes.  She does not know when or why her maternal grandparents, who had been living in Louisville, Kentucky, came to Alabama. Carol Lobman was born in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol’s family had Jewish neighbors, but it was not a Jewish neighborhood.  She never felt that being Jewish was a problem, although in high school she could not join the sorority because she was Jewish.  She was able to join the Girls Scouts, and even though many of the same girls that were in the sorority were also in her Girl Scout troop it was not a problem for her.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol had a brother, who died when she was 12 and he was 15.  As a teen, she participated in the Jewish social events like Ballyhoo and Falcon, which were weekend social gatherings for Jewish girls and boys throughout the South.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs a child and later as an adult, Carol’s family had black domestic help, and she fondly recalls that they were considered part of the family.  Later, after integration, she became a public school advocate and kept their children in public schools.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol attended summer camp in Maine and later attended college at Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts.  After graduating with a degree in chemistry, she got a job in New Orleans, Louisiana, where she met her husband, Van Hart Lobman.  After living in New Orleans, they moved to Montgomery for Van to work with Carol’s father in his business.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol remained in Montgomery for most the rest of her life, and moved to Atlanta to be near some of her children about one year before the interview.  Her fondest memories of growing up in Montgomery were related to the freedom she experienced.  She was able to walk to school, had family members who lived nearby and walked to visit each other, could take public busses to get places, and didn’t have to be 15 or 16 to be independent.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol Lobman Hart died in Atlanta on February 3, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eCarol talks about her family tree, including her great grandparents, grandparents, parents, and other relatives.  She does not have a lot of details about how or why her family members came to Alabama, but she talks about the dry goods store started in Montgomery by her paternal grandfather and one of his cousins, called Lobman-Steiner Dry Goods.  She gives some information about the progression of the business, which grew to include a manufacturing plant that made overalls and work clothes.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol talks about her brother, who died when she was 12 and he was 15, the neighborhood where she grew up, and her elementary school.  She describes her Jewish life, which included Sunday school, holiday celebrations, youth group, and participation as a teen in the Jewish social weekends like Falcon and Ballyhoo that were popular in parts of the South at the time.  She mentions her exclusion from the high school sororities because she was Jewish, and her participation in the Girl Scouts, which did accept Jews.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol describes her fond memories of her family’s domestic help, both as a child and later as an adult with her own children.  She reflects on the period of the Civil Rights Movement and subsequent integration.  She also reminisces about the freedom she felt growing up in Montgomery, where she and her friends walked to school, took the public buses places, and walked to visit family members who lived nearby.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28432"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Hart interviewed by Sandra Berman and Ruth Einstein on January 18, 2011, in Montgomery, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Lobman Hart's family has been in Alabama for several generations, going as far back as her great grandfather. Carol’s paternal grandparents moved to Montgomery when her father, born in 1890, was six months old.  Her grandfather, Nathan Lobman, and his cousin, Louis Steiner, started Steiner-Lobman Dry Goods, a wholesale business that sold mostly work clothes.  She does not know when or why her maternal grandparents, who had been living in Louisville, Kentucky, came to Alabama. Carol Lobman was born in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol’s family had Jewish neighbors, but it was not a Jewish neighborhood.  She never felt that being Jewish was a problem, although in high school she could not join the sorority because she was Jewish.  She was able to join the Girls Scouts, and even though many of the same girls that were in the sorority were also in her Girl Scout troop it was not a problem for her.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol had a brother, who died when she was 12 and he was 15.  As a teen, she participated in the Jewish social events like Ballyhoo and Falcon, which were weekend social gatherings for Jewish girls and boys throughout the South.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs a child and later as an adult, Carol’s family had black domestic help, and she fondly recalls that they were considered part of the family.  Later, after integration, she became a public school advocate and kept their children in public schools.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol attended summer camp in Maine and later attended college at Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts.  After graduating with a degree in chemistry, she got a job in New Orleans, Louisiana, where she met her husband, Van Hart Lobman.  After living in New Orleans, they moved to Montgomery for Van to work with Carol’s father in his business.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol remained in Montgomery for most the rest of her life, and moved to Atlanta to be near some of her children about one year before the interview.  Her fondest memories of growing up in Montgomery were related to the freedom she experienced.  She was able to walk to school, had family members who lived nearby and walked to visit each other, could take public busses to get places, and didn’t have to be 15 or 16 to be independent.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol Lobman Hart died in Atlanta on February 3, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol talks about her family tree, including her great grandparents, grandparents, parents, and other relatives.  She does not have a lot of details about how or why her family members came to Alabama, but she talks about the dry goods store started in Montgomery by her paternal grandfather and one of his cousins, called Lobman-Steiner Dry Goods.  She gives some information about the progression of the business, which grew to include a manufacturing plant that made overalls and work clothes.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol talks about her brother, who died when she was 12 and he was 15, the neighborhood where she grew up, and her elementary school.  She describes her Jewish life, which included Sunday school, holiday celebrations, youth group, and participation as a teen in the Jewish social weekends like Falcon and Ballyhoo that were popular in parts of the South at the time.  She mentions her exclusion from the high school sororities because she was Jewish, and her participation in the Girl Scouts, which did accept Jews.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCarol describes her fond memories of her family’s domestic help, both as a child and later as an adult with her own children.  She reflects on the period of the Civil Rights Movement and subsequent integration.  She also reminisces about the freedom she felt growing up in Montgomery, where she and her friends walked to school, took the public buses places, and walked to visit family members who lived nearby.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/376/small/Carol_Hart.png?1619299229","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Hart_Carol.mp4"]},"duration":4280.513,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/110/376/small/Carol_Hart.png?1619299229","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/110/376/original/Hart_Carol.mp4?1614712366","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":4280.513,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Hart, Carol [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is January 18, 2011, and I am here with Carol Lobman Hart, who\nhas agreed to participate in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project\nof the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. Thank you so much for agreeing to\nbe interviewed today. We are very excited to talk to you about your life in\nAlabama and your family. I would like to begin with a little bit of background.\nIf you could tell ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me a little bit about your family, your parents, their names,\nand your grandparents' names.\n\nHART: My parents were Myron Charles Lobman, and my mother was Alma Hertz Lobman.\nHis parents were Nathan Lobman, and his grandfather was Henry. Henry was the one\napparently, I just learned, who came first, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and moved to Greenville, Alabama,\nand then to Pine Apple [Alabama]. I'm not sure in what order, but there were\nrelatives in Greenville. How they got there and why, I don't know.\n\nBERMAN: Who was Henry married to?\n\nHART: Henry was married to Theresa Steiner.\n\nBERMAN: And Nathan?\n\nHART: Nathan was married to Carrie Pollack. She was from New York. Apparently\nshe came to visit Greenville ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and fell in love with him, and that's the end of\nthat. On my wall back there, there's a letter that he wrote to her parents in\nNew York City thanking them for her hand.\n\nBERMAN: How lovely.\n\nHART: Isn't that nice. My mother's mother was Sophie Oppenheimer. She married\nSimon Hertz. She was born I think in Louisville [Kentucky]. She may have been\nborn in Germany, but I'm not sure. I think she was born in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louisville. Her\nhusband was born, I'm pretty sure, in Germany. I'll have to tell you later.\n\nBERMAN: Her husband's [name]?\n\nHART: His name was Simon Hertz.\n\nBERMAN: Do you know how they got to Alabama or when?\n\nHART: I have no idea when. Simon was, to the best of my recollection, I don't\nknow when he came as a young man. He was a clerk in the Exchange ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hotel. I think\nit was still called the Exchange then. I know after they married they had a\nboarding house in Montgomery. He died young. I don't know a lot about him, and I\ndon't know how they lived after he died. They had seven children, and I don't\nhave anybody to ask.\n\nBERMAN: Again, your parents' names were . . .\n\nHART: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alma and Myron Lobman.\n\nBERMAN: The business was started originally by Henry, correct?\n\nHART: I have no idea. Nathan Lobman, his son, and Louis Steiner also lived in\nGreenville. They were first cousins, and they also married sisters. I think the\nSteiners started the business. I'm not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sure.\n\nBERMAN: What was the name of the business?\n\nHART: The business was Steiner-Lobman Dry Goods. They dealt in mercantile stuff.\nI don't know what they did originally. I don't know how it grew is what I'm\ntrying to say. They were the wholesalers that, by my time anyway, supplied all\nthe little merchants and all the little small towns around that you don't have anymore.\n\nBERMAN: Did they start out as retailers, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though?\n\nHART: I don't think so. I think they were always wholesalers, because that was\nthe way business was done back then.\n\nBERMAN: Did they sell everything? All kinds of dry goods?\n\nHART: They sold piece goods, which is material. They sold notions, which is\nbuttons, fasteners, ricrac, thread. They sold some clothing, underwear, long\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"johns, and that kind of thing. I don't know when . . . when I find the little\nbooklet on the business I'm sure it's in there . . . they started the first\noverall manufacturing in the state of Alabama. Then they sold overalls and work\nclothes. I don't know whether that was concurrent or how many years after they\nmoved to Montgomery. My father was born in 1890, and they moved when he was six\nmonths old.\n\nBERMAN: To ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Montgomery.\n\nHART: To Montgomery.\n\nBERMAN: Do you know what precipitated the move?\n\nHART: I'm sure it was commerce. Montgomery was a river town. It was the capitol.\n\nBERMAN: Let's get a little bit to you now. What year were you born?\n\nHART: 1924.\n\nBERMAN: Do you have siblings?\n\nHART: I had a brother who was killed when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was 12. He was 15.\n\nBERMAN: I'm so sorry.\n\nHART: It's long enough now. I was essentially an only child for a long time.\n\nBERMAN: Can you talk a little about your earliest memories of growing up in\nMontgomery, where you lived, your neighborhood? Can you talk a little bit about\nyour neighborhood and what your house looked like?\n\nHART: I can give you a picture of the front of the house. It was just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a\none-story . . . It was what you call a story and a half. It had an attic, which,\nwhen I was little, I'm sure you had a pull-down stair. I don't remember. When I\nwas about ten, they figured out how to add a stairway and made a big room up\nthere for my brother. It was floored, so I played up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there as a 12-year-old on\nrainy days. One of the memories, speaking of rainy days, the wash was done by\nsomebody who came in on a charcoal burner outside and boiled in a washtub and\nhung on the line. If it was raining, since the attic was floored, it was hung\nupstairs. I can't remember. I guess it was after World War I [that] we got a\nwashing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"machine.\n\nBERMAN: That's great.\n\nHART: I can't remember.\n\nBERMAN: What was the neighborhood like? Were there other Jewish neighbors?\n\nHART: Oh, yes. There were Jewish neighbors, but it wasn't a Jewish neighborhood\nas such. It started out as a separate city from Montgomery. They built that\nhouse in 1922, and Cloverdale was a separate city. I don't know how long, but I\ndon't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think it was very long after that that it was incorporated in the bigger\ncity of Montgomery. It was just a suburban neighborhood with schools and grocery\nstores, and that was it. You went downtown to do your shopping.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you go to school?\n\nHART: I went to a school called Bellinger Hill, a grammar school which was\nthrough sixth grade.\n\nBERMAN: That's Ballinger Hill?\n\nHART: Bellinger.\n\nBERMAN: Bellinger.\n\nHART: It was named for the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighborhood, I think from a family Bellinger. It was\njust an elementary school, four rooms downstairs and four rooms upstairs. For\nassemblies, you sat on the stairway, and the assembly was in the foyer, entrance\nhall. My father took me to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school. In my later years, toward fourth, fifth, and\nsixth grade, I walked home. Everybody walked. I did not start there until I was\nin the second grade, because I have a December birthday. I went to kindergarten,\na private kindergarten. There [were] no public kindergartens then. I don't\nremember how I got home. I may have walked, too, because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody walked.\nNobody cared. Whether somebody came and walked with me I really don't remember.\nI'm not very good at remembering.\n\nBERMAN: What synagogue did you belong to?\n\nHART: We belonged to Temple Beth Or, which was the Reform synagogue. We had a\nConservative/Orthodox synagogue. I don't know when that was established. It's\nalways been ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there since I knew it, but it could have been around about that\ntime. We also had one of the few\n\nSephardic congregations in the United States, which about eight years ago merged\nwith the Conservative synagogue because there just weren't enough people to\nmaintain it.\n\nBERMAN: What were the names of the other two synagogues?\n\nHART: Agudath Israel is the Conservative, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and . . . It will come to me. I know\nit very well. Interestingly, they established a building right near the Reform\ntemple, and because there were so few children they came to our synagogue, our\nTemple, for Sunday school. I knew lots of the Sephardic children, not as many as\nthe Conservative ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children. A lot of it was economic reasons. We didn't live in\nthe same neighborhood. You didn't get all that chauffeuring that you get now.\n\nBERMAN: Was the temple a big part of your family's life?\n\nHART: Yes and no. As they got older, yes. I think that's with a lot of us. They\nparticipated, always on the holidays and sometimes other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"times, but as they got\nolder they went almost every Friday night.\n\nBERMAN: What about you?\n\nHART: No. I went to Sunday school. I went to youth group. My children went to\nSunday school. I was a Sisterhood member, but when you're raising a family you\ndon't seem to find that it's important. I do now, and I did for a long time.\n\nBERMAN: When you were growing up, was it at all difficult to be Jewish in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Montgomery?\n\nHART: I never felt it. I guess I was lucky. I've talked to some of my friends,\nand they felt it. I knew, for instance, when I went to high school I would not\nbe allowed to join the sororities. The fraternities were different. Why, I don't\nknow. They accepted the Jewish boys. I just accepted it. I knew that was what\nwas ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what. I actually belonged to the Girl Scouts. I think that was a great part\nof my life, not only for what they offered me but because those same girls who\nbelonged to the sororities also belonged to my Girl Scout troop, which we kept\nthrough the twelfth grade. Our friendship wasn't split.\n\nBERMAN: Did it bother you that you couldn't get into the sororities?\n\nHART: I guess ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not. I don't think so, but some of my friends it did. As I said, I\nhad a full life, so I really didn't miss it.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever speak to your friends in your Girl Scout troop about not\nbeing able to go?\n\nHART: I don't remember. I really don't remember. Probably not. It was probably\njust an unspoken . . . I was never taunted about it, so I don't remember but I\ndon't think so.\n\nBERMAN: Were your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parents concerned at all about those kinds of issues? Did they\ntalk to you about being Jewish in a smaller city, not that Montgomery is very small.\n\nHART: It was then. It was a small city. I really don't remember. I guess some\nthings, if we did, I've buried them or forgotten about them or they weren't that\nimportant at that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time.\n\nBERMAN: Your friends, were they a mix, Jewish and not?\n\nHART: Yes, mostly a mix. We went to dancing school together, and all those\nthings that girls do. By the time I began dating, most of the people I went with\nwere Jewish. My friends were Jewish, although they were a year ahead of me in\nhigh ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school. We walked to school together.\n\nBERMAN: Was it important for your parents that you date someone Jewish?\n\nHART: I cannot remember it being an issue and talked about, but intuitively I\nknew that was what I wanted. I didn't really date a lot in high ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school, except\nfor a few Jewish boys. I had enough social life that it didn't seem to bother me.\n\nBERMAN: Did you participate in any of the socialization, like Ballyhoo or Falcon?\n\nHART: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: What did you do?\n\nHART: Falcon was in Montgomery, and when you were 16 you were . . . I guess you\nwere eligible to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go. I won't say people didn't 'go steady' like they do today,\nbut even those who 'went steady' would date other boys. It wasn't quite as much\n'oneness' as it seems to be now. You dated whoever asked you. Everybody seemed\nto want to be there and be with a date. It wasn't a huge ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem.\n\nBERMAN: Can you describe a Falcon party, what it was like?\n\nHART: They were fun. Usually . . . it was always over the Fourth of July weekend\n. . . the Fourth of July wasn't always a weekend . . . I always thought of it as\na weekend and I can't remember whether maybe they put it on the weekend . . .\nbut it was over the Fourth of July. You would have a picnic. The boys and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their\nparents engineered it, planned it I guess you could say. You would have a\nswimming party. I don't remember a swimming party to tell you the truth until\nthe one after [World War II] because we didn't have a swimming pool. The country\nclub didn't have a swimming pool, but you had a tea dance and a dinner dance.\nSome people late ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dated. It was just a big party.\n\nBERMAN: What was late dated?\n\nHART: I guess your date took you home about midnight and somebody else picked\nyou up.\n\nI was 16 and much more naïve than the girls are today, so I don't know what\nthey did at their late dates.\n\nBERMAN: Was it pretty much just the Temple crowd?\n\nHART: It was all over the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South.\n\nBERMAN: No, the Temple crowd in Montgomery . . .\n\nHART: Pretty much, yes.\n\nBERMAN: So the Sephardic and the Conservative didn't attend.\n\nHART: Correct. Not until the War broke all that down. Falcon existed for a year\nor two after that, but those people who had participated were too old and the\nothers hadn't been brought up in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mold, so it sort of ran its course. Also by\nthat time youth groups in the temples were being formed, so there was no need\nfor this getting together from all the cities around.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever go to Atlanta to Ballyhoo?\n\nHART: I came to one Ballyhoo, and I must admit I guess had a good time. I really\ndon't remember a lot about it, except it was pretty much the same ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as . . . Let's\nsee. I never went to Birmingham to the Jubilee.\n\nBERMAN: Let's talk a little bit more about your home life. Did you have a lot of\ndomestic help in the home?\n\nHART: We had a cook, and what you would now call a housekeeper. We were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lucky.\nQuite often it was a young man who was going to Alabama State\n[University--Montgomery, AL], who worked the yard and did heavy jobs. Later on .\n. . They quit. The young ones by that time were becoming educated, and they were\nno longer available. We did have a character who worked for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us.\n\nBERMAN: What was he like?\n\nHART: Actually, I have been trying to think of him for a long time. He was tall\nand skinny and very uneducated, but he must have had a good bit of brains. He\nremembered everything. In those days, you didn't keep everything in your closet\nand change one closet for the other. You put things up in moth balls in the\nsummer time. It was a lot of work. He would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know where everything was, where he\nput it. He was . . . I think [he] innately had a good brain.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember his name?\n\nHART: Oh, yes. His name is Jimmy Birch. He would wait on the table at night, and\nhe would have a white butler's coat on and he would be barefoot.\n\nBERMAN: How long did he work for the family?\n\nHART: He worked for them pretty much after World War II, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then after my\nparents died he worked for me off and on, when he would come. He did help me\nwith the yard work and whatever needed to be done. He was mine to take care of.\n\nBERMAN: Was there a particular domestic woman that you remember that you grew up\nwith, that helped to take care of you?\n\nHART: Oh, yes.\n\nBERMAN: What was her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name?\n\nHART: Her name was Louise, but we called her 'Weezy'. She was the cook, and she\ntook care of me. When I was real little, her sister took . . . I guess [she was]\nprobably 12 or 14, and she would come sometimes and babysit. Eventually, she\nworked for my aunt, and then after the War, one of those coincidental things,\nshe worked for somebody ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in . . . I lived in a fourplex, and she worked for\nsomebody in that fourplex. When they moved, she came to work for me. By that\ntime, I had two babies, and she came to work for me and stayed until she died.\n\nBERMAN: How would you describe the relationship between you and your parents and\nthe cook and the yard . . . Was there a closeness?\n\nHART: Oh, yes. You knew all about them and their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"families. You loved them and\nhugged them. I think there was probably a distance that I don't remember. There\nwas familiarity in that you knew everything about them. There probably wasn't\nquite the camaraderie, but they were part of your family. That was just the way\nit was. You didn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think very much about it, because it was the way of life. It\nwas just there.\n\nBERMAN: Speaking about the way it was, did you ever reflect when you were\nyounger about the segregation, the separate drinking fountains? Before things\nchanged, did you think about it much?\n\nHART: I have to admit, probably not. It was just the way things were, and it\nwasn't discussed.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did your family accept the changes that were starting to occur in\nthe fifties and into the sixties?\n\nHART: By that time, as soon as the Civil Rights law was passed, the business was\nchanged right then and there. There was a lot of goings on [things happening]. I\nhad four little children by ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then, and I must admit I sort of stayed in my own\nlittle bailiwick. I also, like I said, I'm sorry to say I didn't give it a lot\nof thought, because I didn't have time.\n\nBERMAN: How about the community in general, the Temple crowd, your\ncontemporaries, your friends. What was the reaction to the changes within the\nJewish community?\n\nHART: It was very mixed. For instance, I have an aunt and uncle who ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were very\nactive. They were friends with Virginia Durr. Do you know her?\n\nBERMAN: No.\n\nHART: Her husband was Cliff Durr. He worked in . . . I was trying to think this\nmorning, one of the administrations. Probably the Johnson administration. He was\none of the forerunners of civil rights, and they were a big old Christian family\nin Montgomery. They were both very . . . and my aunt and uncle were, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too.\n\nBERMAN: Who were your aunt and uncle?\n\nHART: His name was Bernard Lobman. He was a lawyer. They went to meetings and\ngot their license plates noted and were followed. It wasn't sort of talked\nabout. My father and my husband were more conservative, my husband in\nparticular. He was much more interested in preserving what he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had, because he\nhad to raise a family. I think he was probably more liberal than he gave out to\nbe at that time, but because that was the business he wanted to run, he didn't\nwant anything jeopardizing that. As soon as the law was changed, they began to\nintegrate the factory, the overall factory. I cannot remember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they ever\nhired a black salesman, but I know the factory became integrated.\n\nBERMAN: With the changes in the school . . . We'll come back to that, because I\nwant to talk a little bit about . . . You went to elementary school, junior high\n[school], and high school all in Montgomery.\n\nHART: All in Montgomery.\n\nBERMAN: How did you meet your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"husband?\n\nHART: I went to New Orleans [Louisiana] after I graduated from college and was\nintroduced by a family friend.\n\nBERMAN: Where did you go to college?\n\nHART: I went to Wellesley College in Boston [Wellesley, Massachusetts].\n\nBERMAN: How come? Why did you go north?\n\nHART: I was a very lucky girl. I went to camp in Maine, because the summers in\nMontgomery were hot. Luckily, I had an aunt who had no children, and she sent me\nto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp. That was very nice. I was used to being . . . I met girls that were\ngoing there, and I liked them. I thought it would be nice to get away and see\nsome other part of the country. I thought I was very worldwide then, but I\nwasn't. I was still very provincial.\n\nBERMAN: How did you like college?\n\nHART: [It was] okay. It was during the War years, and I enjoyed it.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was your degree in?\n\nHART: My degree was in chemistry, which I went to work at . . . That's when I\nwent to New Orleans.\n\nBERMAN: Who did you work for?\n\nHART: I worked for Tulane [University] Medical School in one of their labs.\nThat's when I met my husband.\n\nBERMAN: How did you meet?\n\nHART: A family friend introduced us.\n\nBERMAN: How did you end up back in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Montgomery, then?\n\nHART: [In the] first place, he had graduated as an engineer from Tulane, and he\nreally didn't like it. He had gone through the War and decided he liked selling.\nWhen he came back, he didn't go back to his old job. They had to give him his\nold job back. He worked in New Jersey in a paper factory, making cigarette\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"papers and fine papers. He wanted to go as a salesman for them, which they\ncouldn't or wouldn't do. I have no idea. They would have given him his other job\nback. We went back to New Orleans and [he] worked in a retail store, which he\nloved. After we married, my father, having no male heirs, really needed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"someone.\nHe went home to Mommy and Daddy, and I had to go with him.\n\nBERMAN: What was his name?\n\nHART: Van Eaton Hart.\n\nBERMAN: Pardon?\n\nHART: Van Eaton Hart.\n\nBERMAN: Did you want to go back to Montgomery?\n\nHART: Not really. I loved New Orleans, except for the weather. That was before\nair conditioning.\n\nBERMAN: Was it an adjustment to go back to the old . . .\n\nHART: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes and no. Some of my friends had married and moved. As a young married,\nyou make new friends. It wasn't too bad.\n\nBERMAN: You had four children.\n\nHART: Right.\n\nBERMAN: Getting back to the Civil Rights Era, when they started in school, it\nwas still all segregated.\n\nHART: It was all segregated.\n\nBERMAN: How did you and your husband deal ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the integration of the schools in Montgomery?\n\nHART: I'm a public school advocate, or I was. There was a private school that\nwas started, they said because they needed a private school that gave better\neducation. It was essentially, I think, because of segregation. My kids stayed\nin school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the schools were pretty much segregated from the twelfth grade\ndown. It didn't really affect them for a year . . . I think Michal, my oldest\ndaughter, was in the third grade. I can't remember. She couldn't have been in\nthe third grade. Whenever it was. They eventually just grew ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up, and that was it.\nYour neighborhoods still were not particularly integrated. Black children were\nbussed in.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember much about the Montgomery Bus Boycott?\n\nHART: Some, but like I said, I really stayed in my own little bailiwick. You\nread about it, and you just stayed out of trouble. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because there was no more bus\ntransportation, the lady who worked for me did come. They mostly got taxi\ncarpools, which I paid for, and mostly I took her home at night for a long\nwhile, and then I don't remember.\n\nBERMAN: Was that an issue for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody, that you were driving her?\n\nHART: Not that I was aware of. It may have been. It wasn't an issue for her. She\nwas glad to have the work, and, like I said, she was family as far as I was\nconcerned. I was a little remiss in thinking she doesn't live as nice as I do.\nAll those social issues that go. You grew up that way, and it's sort ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of part of\nyou until you really have time to think about it.\n\nBERMAN: We have heard that from many people who we have interviewed around the South.\n\nHART: I'm glad I'm not alone.\n\nEINSTEIN: Was there any . . . When you went to Wellesley and were away from that\nmilieu for a while and then came back to it, [does] anything strike you at that point?\n\nHART: One day . . . I'll tell you a funny story . . . I got on the bus to go . .\n. I don't remember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to town or back, and the bus was empty. It wasn't empty. It\nwas full of white folks going wherever they were going, so I sat on the back\nseat. I was told, \"Lady, you need to move up front.\" I guess I was in college at\nthe time. I had gotten used to Boston. Even though you didn't see that many\nblacks in Boston, it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still mixed. You really didn't see . . . they were . .\n. . interestingly, some of them . . . the Irish . . . the taxi drivers, were\njust as adamant about segregation as the South was.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have a best friend growing up?\n\nHART: Several, yes. In fact one of them still lives in New Orleans, and I go\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"visit. She as a grade ahead of me, but she lived right up the street and when\nyou walked to school . . . unless my daddy took us . . . but we walked home\nevery day.\n\nBERMAN: Was she Jewish?\n\nHART: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: What is her name?\n\nHART: Ruth Rosenthal.\n\nBERMAN: What was her family's business?\n\nHART: Her uncle and her mother worked . . . they had an office . . . they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sold\n'tobacco cloth.' Do you know what 'tobacco cloth' is? It's a very thin muslin\n[cotton fabric] that they shielded tobacco plants with. I guess it was a big\nbusiness of that. They also . . . I remember when I got married they got me\nWamsutta sheets [untelligible word; maybe wholesale? 33:52] . . . through their\nconnections. . . I don't know what else they sold. Her father I know had a hard\ntime during the [Great] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Depression. At one point he sold potato chips. Whether\nhe was the manufacturer or what, I really don't know. He was the daddy. He\nwasn't . . .\n\nBERMAN: How did your family's business fare during the Depression?\n\nHART: They seemed to fare okay so that I was, I guess, fairly privileged.\nEverybody was sort of in the same ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boat, so you didn't know that you didn't have\nthis or didn't have that. The business survived so I was never aware that things\nwere bad.\n\nBERMAN: Did your parents participate in the greater community? Were they\ninvolved in clubs like . . .\n\nHART: My mother was. My mother was a club lady.\n\nBERMAN: What clubs?\n\nHART: Mostly . . . the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"National [Council of] Jewish Women was her big thing. She\nwas a Girl Scout, one of the first women who . . . not the first . . . but I was\nabout the right age. I don't know whether she helped organize it, but there\nwasn't but like a head and a few volunteer women. She was one of them. She did\nall kinds of things. She was not a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"domestic lady. She would much rather\nparticipate. She belonged to a club called the Mothers Circle. My grandmother\nwas not one of the organizers, but she was one of the first women. It was sort\nof a forerunner of the PTA. They were all women. I think there were 50 slots,\nand you didn't get ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in . . . I had to wait several years after I married and\nmoved back to Montgomery to get in, until somebody died. Then there was a place\nfor me. At that time, they met twice a month and had speakers on all kinds of\ncivic responsibilities, and they acted on that. That was another one of her . .\n. and, of course, I joined. We had our hundredth birthday. I think a hundred and\none. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally it disbanded, maybe 10 years ago, because there just was no need\nfor it anymore. None of the younger women . . . They were all working. They\ndidn't want to join.\n\nBERMAN: Did your mother work in the family business at all?\n\nHART: No.\n\nBERMAN: It was all male.\n\nHART: In those days, women didn't work, unless they were maybe a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lowly\nsecretary. Secretaries were very lowly then. I worked for one day, until my\nhusband decided paying my social security wasn't worth what he was going to have\nto pay me.\n\nBERMAN: In the business you worked for one day?\n\nHART: One day. I was going to be the treasurer and sign the checks.\n\nBERMAN: What did you and your husband do for socialization?\n\nHART: We just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mostly went out with friends.\n\nBERMAN: Dinner?\n\nHART: Dinner. Mostly Saturday nights. I had a young woman who was going to the\nblack college, Alabama State [University]. It was a black college then. It's\nobviously integrated now. She came every Saturday night, so we went out whether\nwe wanted to [or not]. Generally we just went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"someplace. Somebody's house\nsometimes. It wasn't as much as restaurant eating then. We would generally go to\nsomebody's house.\n\nBERMAN: Were most of your friends Jewish?\n\nHART: Yes.\n\n[break in tape]\n\nBERMAN: I wanted to go back a little bit to the Civil Rights Era and talk a\nlittle bit about the congregation itself. Who was the rabbi then?\n\nHART: His name was Eugene Blachschleger.\n\nBERMAN: What was he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like?\n\nHART: He was sort of a portly man. Those days . . . Of course I was younger, and\nthe rabbis weren't my friends. They were older than me. My children thought he\nwas G-d. The congregation was, as I said, fairly conservative on the issue. They\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weren't very happy that the North was coming down to tell the South what to do.\nThey thought it should evolve by law and gradually. They really didn't want the\nTemple to get involved. I think he did get involved some, but the board [of\ndirectors] was pretty conservative on that score, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not wanting to acknowledge all\nthe rabbis that had come down.\n\nBERMAN: To Birmingham [Alabama]?\n\nHART: They even came to Montgomery during the Selma March.\n\nBERMAN: How was that? Do you remember the incident?\n\nHART: I do remember the incident, because my daughter Michal was then . . . You\nwill have to ask her. I think she was in the ninth grade. I don't think she was\nin senior high school yet. She ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had an interview with Governor George Wallace.\nShe had it for months. She was on the debate team . . . I think I'm right . . .\nfor . . . when you vote for the president. What do you call it? The electoral\ncollege. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It turned out it was the day before the Selma March was coming to\nMontgomery. I was going to take her, and my husband said no, that he would take\nher. He didn't think us two ladies, his daughter and his wife, needed to be . .\n. They went and had a lovely conversation with George Wallace and left. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wasn't\nthere, so I can't tell you. I'm sure there were guards all around the Capital\n[building], but the march had not reached Montgomery yet, so there was no\nincident at all. During the march itself, as I said, you didn't go to town and\nget involved if you didn't have to, unless you were a real ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fighting anti-segregationist.\n\nBERMAN: Speaking of George Wallace, what did you think of him as governor at\nthat time?\n\nHART: At that time, he was a like a lot of Southern governors. He ruled with an\niron hand, but he was really a pretty good governor overall. He established our\njunior college. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember that because our children were just about getting\ninto that, so I was becoming interested in higher education for everybody. He\nwas a pretty fair governor, but he would do anything to get elected. A lot of\npeople think that he wasn't as segregationist as he really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was. He said anything\nthat would get him elected, and he had to be a segregationist to do that.\n\nBERMAN: In later years, I think he had misgivings about how he . . .\n\nHART: I think so, but he wouldn't have gotten elected, I can tell you, if he had\nspoken any other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember anybody else in the congregation who was either, besides\nyour aunt and uncle, very involved in the . . .\n\nHART: Oh, yes. There were several of them.\n\nBERMAN: Were there any avid segregationists in the congregation?\n\nHART: I'm sure there were avid segregationists, but there were others. Not a\ngreat many. They kept it to themselves, but there were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"others that were very\nmuch for . . .\n\nBERMAN: Do you think the Jews, in general, were just afraid to rock the boat?\n\nHART: Yes. They were well-established, and they didn't . . . I guess you would\nsay we were selfish. We were self-preservationists. They didn't want their\nlivelihood . . . they didn't want the town boycotted. They just didn't want\ntheir livelihood threatened. I think it was their livelihood, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more than anything\nelse, that kept them as segregationists.\n\nEINSTEIN: Your kids were going into high school at that point or in high school.\nWere there any generational differences, like between you and your parents and\nthen your children? Did the generations have a different viewpoint?\n\nHART: I'll tell you this. I have a little thing on my computer that Alice wrote\nthat she just put back on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there . . . Alice is my second daughter . . . about\nhow she changed. I can't remember talking about it too much with them. I may\nhave. I'm not very good with remembering. When things are past, as far as I'm\nconcerned they're done with. Let's get on. I really don't remember, but she\nremembers very vividly. The Temple youth group was her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mentor and her\nspringboard for thinking that way.\n\nBERMAN: For being more involved.\n\nHART: Yes. Very definitely.\n\nBERMAN: What about your boys?\n\nHART: They were younger, so I have never really talked about it with them. I\ndon't know what their feelings were. They were not that much younger, but they\nwere young enough that I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't . . . As I said, I don't remember talking with\nAlice about it, but I must have. I'm sure we did.\n\nBERMAN: When you were mentioning earlier about going out on Friday [and]\nSaturday night, you mentioned the country club. Was that a Jewish country club?\n\nHART: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: What was its name?\n\nHART: The Standard Club, like most others.\n\nBERMAN: Were there any Jews at all in the non- . . .\n\nHART: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No.\n\nBERMAN: What year was the Standard Club . . .\n\nHART: It was not long before the Depression. That building was built just about\nthe time the Depression hit. It was a downtown club before that, and I don't\nknow how long it had been there. I know the Falcon [gatherings] were during my\nparents' growing up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time. It was a long established way for Jewish young folks\nto meet each other from all over the South. Whether the Standard Club played any\npart in that when it was a downtown club I don't know, because as a downtown\nclub I think it was mostly, I guess, eating. I don't know. It was in just a\nbuilding. The men I'm sure played cards and smoked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cigars.\n\nBERMAN: Can you describe the club that you remember?\n\nHART: It's still there. It's not in use as a club anymore. It was a big\nEnglish-looking building with a golf course and tennis courts. That's where all\nyour activities belonged. Young people went. The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"older people went. If there was\na dance, such as the Falcon, the older people would sit around the circle . . .\nolder people like I am now . . . and watch the young ones dance.\n\nBERMAN: There was a pool?\n\nHART: After the War there was a pool. Now talking about segregation, there was a\npool, and at that point you could join the pool, put money in it, or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not. You\ncould join the club, but you didn't have to be part of the pool. Then, I guess\nwhen I got married, if you were a son of a member, you automatically became a\npool member, but my father had no sons. I married and moved back to Montgomery,\nand he went to the board and got me accepted as a legacy of his. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are all\nkinds of segregation.\n\nBERMAN: That's very true. Was the club mainly German Jews, or was it . . .\n\nHART: It was before the War. As soon as the War was over, it was pretty much\nopen to everybody.\n\nBERMAN: What has happened to it?\n\nHART: I'm trying to think how many years ago it has been. It hasn't been that\nmany. It was closed, because they just couldn't do anything about it. It was\nsold as a gated ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community. The clubhouse was going to be the centerpiece. There\nare about 10 or 12 houses [that] have been built on it. The economic downgrade\ncame, and it is pretty much status quo right now.\n\nBERMAN: What about the family business itself. When did that start to change?\n\nHART: My husband ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got sick . . . he had depression . . . around 1968, 1969. I'm\nnever quite sure of the date, but it's about that time. We sold it, and it\ndidn't stay in business very long. Wholesale dry goods is not a viable business\nanywhere anymore. When he came into the business . . . I assume you want to know\n. . . my father and his oldest brother ran ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. My uncle Walter Lobman had a son,\nand my father brought Van in. They finally decided . . . They had several retail\nstores at that time. They decided to split it up between the two families and,\nunfortunately, we got the wholesale end.\n\nBERMAN: That wasn't good.\n\nHART: People like Stein Mart, who did the same thing in Greenville, Mississippi,\nand started with one store and now [they are] worldwide . . . Now whether ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we\nwould have done that I don't know, but the wholesale business per se [Latin: in\nitself] is no longer a business anywhere. There are no mom and pop stores in\nlittle towns. Transportation has changed that.\n\nBERMAN: When did you see it start to change?\n\nHART: It was probably around that time, around the early 1960's. It was still a\nviable ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business then, because we also had the overall manufacturing plant.\nThat's when my husband dreamed up the idea of Polly-Alls, which were cutoffs,\nwhich I gave you. They were cutoff overalls for girls. That was probably\nbecoming the bigger part of the business.\n\nBERMAN: How did he come up with the idea?\n\nHART: They made overalls. I don't know. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Girls were beginning to wear overalls. I\nwent all through college and the only pair of blue jeans I ever owned was a pair\nthat I went riding in. We made them, but girls did not wear blue jeans. That\nwasn't the thing. Now my husband would turn over in his grave if he knew how\nmuch they were selling for.\n\nBERMAN: What do you attribute the downfall of the wholesale business to?\n\nHART: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Transportation. The change in the world. The fact that Walmart came in.\nThere's no need for mom and pop stores any more. Everybody has a car almost,\neven the poorest on the farms. There was just no need for it anymore.\n\nBERMAN: The overall business is really interesting. When did they change to an\noverall business?\n\nHART: They never changed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to an overall businesses. That was a separate business,\nbut they just . . . it was a manufacturing plant and they sold through\nSteiner-Lobman. The manufacturing plant didn't do any selling. They sold through Steiner-Lobman.\n\nBERMAN: What was the name of the manufacturing . . .\n\nHART: It was Steiner-Lobman. It was all part of the same.\n\nBERMAN: Did they make anything other than overalls?\n\nHART: Work clothes, work pants, blue ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jeans, overalls. I just used overalls as an\n'over' name. [Uses fingers to indicate quotation marks] Blue jeans, khaki work\npants, work shirts, white painter's overalls, anything in the work clothes kind\nof business.\n\nBERMAN: Why is the store so famous? It became . . .\n\nHART: I didn't know it was famous.\n\nBERMAN: Was it the first overall manufacturer or something like that?\n\nHART: I don't know how ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"famous it became. It was the first overall plant in the\nstate of Alabama. Levis was there before us.\n\nBERMAN: The building, is it still standing?\n\nHART: The manufacturing building isn't standing, but the wholesale dry goods\nbusiness [building] is still standing. We sold it in . . . It was my husband's\n75th birthday, so it was . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't add and subtract that quick. We sold it\nto lawyers. It's now a business building, so it has been preserved in the\nmanufacturing part of town, which is not too far from the train station.\n\nBERMAN: Do you get back to Montgomery much?\n\nHART: Occasionally, when I get a ride. I used to drive myself, but my children\ndon't want me to anymore.\n\nBERMAN: What is it like now? How ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you find the city today as compared to when\nyou were growing up in Montgomery?\n\nHART: It's a huge city now. I say huge compared to when I was growing up. You\nhave shopping centers and all the things that go with even little towns. The\nJewish population is dwindling, because the children are all coming to Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: It still supports two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregations.\n\nHART: It still supports two congregations. They have now combined their Sunday\nschools, because of the small number of children.\n\nBERMAN: Do you still support the congregation? Are you still a member?\n\nHART: I'm still a member, yes.\n\nBERMAN: Do your children go back much?\n\nHART: They did when I was there, but not really. My youngest son does, because\nhe has some business there.\n\nBERMAN: We should probably, for the purpose of the tape, get your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children's names.\n\nHART: My oldest daughter is Michal, who is married to Jack Hillman.\n\nBERMAN: Is Michal a family name? It's unusual for a girl.\n\nHART: It has a story. My father's name was Myron, and when I went to camp I had\na friend named Michal. I had never heard the name before. She was King David's\nwife. I liked it, because I wanted to name her after my father. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's how she\ngot her name. Alice is married to Brian Wertheim, who also lives here in\nAtlanta. He's a lawyer. I have two sons, Julian who lives in essentially\nWashington, DC. He lives in northern Virginia. My younger son is Van Hart, Jr.,\nand he lives in San Francisco.\n\nBERMAN: Very nice. How many ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandchildren do you have?\n\nHART: I have eight grandchildren and three great great grandchildren that are so cute.\n\nBERMAN: That is wonderful. Are they here?\n\nHART: Just one is here. Michal's grandson is here, and her other daughter has a\nlittle girl, and they live in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania]. Alice has a daughter\nwho lives in the [Washington] DC area, and she has a little boy.\n\nBERMAN: When did you move to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta?\n\nHART: It's been just a year ago, because my children were here. I really had no\nsupport group other than my friends in Montgomery, and they were getting older,\ntoo. It was unfortunately time to move.\n\nBERMAN: What do you think the future is for Jewish life in Montgomery?\n\nHART: Very small. Things are always changing, but the way the world is going,\nthe big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cities mostly have it. Unless you have a reason, such as growing up in a\nsmaller town and have something to do there, the young ones are all migrating\ninto the bigger cities. I'm sorry to say I don't see a lot of future for big\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"congregations, even middle size congregations.\n\nBERMAN: Is there a Jewish cemetery in Montgomery?\n\nHART: Oh, yes. Two.\n\nBERMAN: Two. Affiliated with . . .?\n\nHART: One is affiliated with Temple Beth Or, and the other is affiliated with\nAgudath Israel, which is the Conservative.\n\nBERMAN: Are there any old families left in Montgomery that have stayed there,\nwho have been there a long ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time?\n\nHART: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Who are some of those families?\n\nHART: The Weil family. They were the Weil cotton business, and they were a\nworldwide business. They have just now closed their doors.\n\nBERMAN: They are still there.\n\nHART: They are still there. There's another Weil family who is not related, and\nthey have a fair number . . . I think 16 hits my head . . . of small town\nstores, the little mom and pop stores ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the real little towns. I'm trying to\nthink. There are some others. Some of the Sephardic families are still there.\nMost of them have been there since . . . I don't know why the 1920's comes into\nmind as to when they moved into Montgomery.\n\nBERMAN: When you were older, after the War and you were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married, did you\nassociate with mainly still the Temple crowd?\n\nHART: Yes, I did. A lot of people didn't. It began to become a mixed . . .\nparticularly the ones younger than me . . . became a mixed Christian-Jewish\ngroup, although some of them still mostly prefer their Jewish friends.\n\nBERMAN: Not just Jewish. I was wondering if you stuck with your Temple friends\nor if you made friends ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Conservative women.\n\nHART: Oh, yes. Absolutely.\n\nBERMAN: Those barriers broke down?\n\nHART: Those barriers were broken down, particularly after the War so many of\nthose congregants moved . . . Everybody moved into other . . . They were not\nseparated. When I grew up, mostly we lived in what was called ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cloverdale.\nAgudath Israel [members] lived in a suburb called Capital Heights, and they\nweren't within walking distance. They really weren't in bus distance, because\nyou had to go to town and change buses. I knew the Sephardic children because\nthey came to Sunday school. When we got to high school . . . Now I didn't know\nthem well, except through Sunday school. I didn't know them well during grammar\n[school] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and junior high [school], but we only had one white high school.\nBecause we knew each other, we got to be friends in high school. Then after the\nWar, everybody began moving in the same neighborhoods. Transportation was better\nand all that, so, yes, you became . . . There's really not . . . to my way of\nthinking. Maybe some people do, but I don't think so. It is mostly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a cohesiveness.\n\nBERMAN: Besides the change in transportation and neighborhoods, do you think\nWorld War II broke down barriers for other reasons?\n\nHART: I'm sure it did. It had to, and I think the segregation laws broke down .\n. . People just realized, even if they were Jewish, they may have had\nprejudices, but that just wasn't acceptable ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anymore. I think it all worked together.\n\nEINSTEIN: You said that you were an advocate of public school, and therefore you\nwanted your children to stay in public school. There was so much upheaval around\nthat period of time, and starting a school for white kids ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who didn't want to be\nin school with the black kids. Were your children . . . Did their friends go to\nthis other school? Were they the only kids who ended up staying? What happened?\n\nHART: A lot of my children's friends did go to private school, but they made\nother friends. A lot of them didn't, particularly the boys. Then we got more\nthan one high school. Actually we had two white ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high schools. Then segregation\ncame along, and everybody . . . I think we had probably two black high schools\nby then. After segregation, then everybody was mixed up together.\n\nBERMAN: You mean integration.\n\nHART: Excuse me. Yes.\n\nEINSTEIN: Do you have a sense for where the Jewish kids went to school? Did they\nstay in the public school, or did they go to private school?\n\nHART: Probably half and half. It generally depended on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economics.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have discussions about all of this with any of your friends that\nyou can recall?\n\nHART: I remember having discussions about school, and I thought the public\nschools at that time were very adequate. More than adequate. I thought they were\nas well as the private school was. When my younger son got to senior high\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school, he finally decided that his education was not what it should be. That's\na long story. He did not go to private school and ended up, because of that,\nhaving lots of time on his hands. We had a wonderful YMCA youth legislature\nprogram, and he ended up as governor of Alabama, youth governor, which he would\nnot have had time [to do] if ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had been in private school. It had its balances.\nBy that time, it was integrated, and some of the boys who were running with him\nwere black.\n\nBERMAN: Can you tell me what some of your fondest memories are [of] growing up\nin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Montgomery?\n\nHART: I guess just the freedom of it that children today don't have. Like I\nsaid, we walked to school. That school was a mile. I'm not quite sure how far\nthe grammar school was, but it was a long way. The high school I know was a\nmile. We walked every morning, unless my daddy took us or unless it was raining.\nThen some ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"parent would take us or pick us up. We walked to our friends that\nlived within reasonable walking distance. You didn't have television, and I can\nremember my uncle lived next door and my aunt . . . These are on my father's\nside . . . She lived about three blocks away. A lot of times they would come\never, particularly in the summer, and sit on the screened ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"porch after supper and\ntalk a little bit. Then everybody would walk home, maybe a 10-minute walk at the\nmost. When I was about . . . I want to say eight, but I was probably 10, the\nstore that's now . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll tell you in a minute. Anyway, it was the big\ndepartment store. I went on the bus every day . . . not every day, maybe once a\nweek . . . and I learned to knit, because they had a knitting department. I went\non the bus [and] either walked to my daddy's store and came home with him or\nrode the bus home. There were no limits. You didn't have to be 15 or 16 to be\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"independent. I think that's probably the best thing about a small town.\n\nBERMAN: What about some of the Jewish holidays? How did your family celebrate?\nDid they celebrate the Sabbath? Did you have a Sabbath meal?\n\nHART: We ate every meal . . . you didn't have all the restaurants. We ate every\nmeal at home . . . mainly at home. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every night meal was a set meal. No, we\ndidn't light the candles Friday night, but we did celebrate the others. We\ncelebrated Hannukah, and [on] Purim we had a huge party at the Temple.\n\nBERMAN: And Pesach [Hebrew: Passover]? Did you have a seder?\n\nHART: We had a seder, and of course we celebrated the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"High Holy Days. We didn't\ngo to school.\n\nBERMAN: Was that okay with the school administration?\n\nHART: I guess so. I was a child, so, if it wasn't, that was my mother's problem.\nWe just stayed out of school. We probably had to make up the work.\n\nBERMAN: For the Passover seder, who did the cooking, your mother or the cook?\n\nHART: The cook. My mother was not a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"housekeeper. I don't think she would have\nexisted without Weezy.\n\nBERMAN: So did Weezy know how to make the seder?\n\nHART: I guess so. I assume she did since that's what we had. Who told her . . .\nI know my mother knew what to do. She just didn't know how to do it.\n\nBERMAN: That's great. I think on that note we've covered pretty much everything\nI have on my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"list.\n\nEINSTEIN: Did you send your kids to Jewish camp in the summer?\n\nHART: Originally I went to Girl Scout camp for a couple of years. Then when I\nwent to Maine for the summer, it was a Jewish camp, but there was no Jewishness\nabout it. We didn't celebrate Friday night. As far as I remember, except for one\nor two who may have been children of counselors, they were all Jewish. It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was\nrun by a woman whose father had been a fairly famous rabbi. He had been in\nCincinnati, and he had been in New Orleans, which was principally . . . His name\nis Heller.\n\nEINSTEIN: What about your children. Did you send them to Jewish camp?\n\nHART: They were lucky enough to also go. It was a different camp, but it was\nalso in Maine, and it was a Jewish camp. I don't think they celebrated any\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Friday nights or anything. I never thought to ask them, but I've never known\nthem to say anything, so probably not.\n\nBERMAN: I guess I do have one follow up question. When it came time for your\nchildren to start dating, was it important for you for them to date other . . .\n\nHART: It was, but they dated other people. Just like with me, it was sort of . .\n. I just grew up knowing that was important, and I'm very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fortunate. All four of\nthem married Jewish folks. All of them were Conservative Jews as it turns out.\nTwo of them have come over to the Reform temple, which doesn't make a bit of\ndifference. I'm very fortunate in that respect. It's been very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/transcript/23994/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"important to all\nof them I guess, because they have all done that.\n\nBERMAN: I think we will call it a day, and I appreciate it. Thank you very much.\n\nHART: You're welcome. If you want to give me a list of things you want me to\nlook at when I . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4260.0,4290.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA boarding house is a house, frequently a family home, in which lodgers rent one or more rooms for one or more nights, and sometimes for extended periods of weeks, months, and years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDry goods are products such as textiles, clothing, personal care, and toiletry items. In U.S. retailing, a dry goods store carries consumer goods that are distinct from those carried by hardware stores and grocery stores.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA narrow, zigzag braid or ribbon used as a trimming on clothing, linens, and other fabric items\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers (mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) against the Allies (mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States). It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Reform congregation in Montgomery, AL.  The congregation was formally formed in 1852 and was known as Kahl Montgomery.  In 1862, they completed a temple in downtown Montgomery and later changed the name to Temple Beth Or [Hebrew: House of Light].  It is listed in the National Registry of Historic Places and still stands today serving as a church.  Due to the increasing Jewish population, a new house of worship was built in 1902 and again in 1961, which is the location of Temple Beth Or today. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA division within Judaism especially in North America and the United Kingdom.  Historically it began in the nineteenth century.   In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture.   While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism.  It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance.  They also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis and bat mitzvahs).  Orthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the Written Torah and the Oral Law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle East and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAgudath Israel Etz Ahayem Synagogue in Montgomery, Alabama is the 2001 merger of two congregations: Agudath Israel, a Conservative synagogue, established in 1902, and Etz Ahayem, a Sephardic congregation established in 1912.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA group of women in a synagogue congregation who join together to offer social, cultural, educational, and volunteer service opportunities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA social organization of female students typically at a college or university; usually identified by Greek letters\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA social organization of male students typically at a college or university; usually identified by Greek letters\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1912 by Juliette Gordon Lowe, Girl Scouts of America is a youth organization that aims to empower girls and help teach values such as honesty, fairness, courage, compassion, character, and citizenship through various activities. Membership is organized by grade level.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrom 1931 to the late 1950’s, members of Atlanta’s Standard Club sponsored “Ballyhoo,” an annual courtship weekend attended by college-aged sons and daughters of the Temple community.  Over a long weekend, participants endured rounds of breakfast dates, lunch dates, tea dance dates, early evening dates, late night dates, formal dances, and cocktail parties, with the goal of meeting a “nice Jewish boy or girl” who might well become a spouse.  Similar courtship weekends in southern cities included Montgomery, Alabama’s “Falcon,” Birmingham, Alabama’s “Jubilee,” and Columbus, Georgia’s “Holly Days.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSee reference 14.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIndependence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from Great Britain (now part of the United Kingdom).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (WWII), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, though related conflicts began earlier.  It involved the vast majority of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies (France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China) and the Axis (Germany, Italy, and Japan).  In a state of \"total war\", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort.  WWII was marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (during which 11 million people were killed, including six million Jews) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centers (during which approximately one million people were killed, including the use of two nuclear weapons in combat).  Although the Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937, the War is generally said to have begun on September 1, 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom.  From late 1939 to early 1941, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. The United States entered the War after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSee reference 14.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA building that contains four separate apartments or units\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Civil Rights Act [PL 88-352) was enacted on July 2, 1964.  It outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.  It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVirginia Foster Durr (1903-1999) was a constant presence in Alabama politics and the movement for civil rights.  She became a nationally known figure recognized as a defender of justice, social equality and civil rights.  She spent years working to abolish the poll tax and to end segregation.  She was married to Clifford Durr, an attorney, who was also an activist and was involved with a number of civil rights cases.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClifford Durr (1899-1975) was a lawyer and defender of civil liberties during the post-World War II Red Scare, a supporter of the civil rights movement, and counsel to civil rights icon Rosa Parks.  With the help of his activist wife, Virginia Foster Durr, Clifford Durr defended those unable to defend themselves, often at the expense of his own livelihood.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1968.  Came to the office with the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963.  Often called ‘LBJ.’  He was a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Rights Movement encompasses social movements in the United States whose goal was to end racial segregation and discrimination against black Americans and enforce constitutional voting rights to them. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Montgomery Bus Boycott, in which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating, took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956.  On December 1, 1955, four days before the boycott began, Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, refused to yield her seat to a white man on a Montgomery bus.  She was arrested and fined.  The boycott of public buses by blacks in Montgomery began on the day of Parks’ court hearing and lasted 381 days.  The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWamsutta Mills was a textile manufacturing company located in New Bedford, Massachusetts, a port which was known as a center of the whaling industry.  The company was named after Wamsutta, the son of a Native American chief who negotiated an early alliance with the English settlers of the Plymouth Colony in the 17th century. Wamsutta Company's textile mill was founded by Thomas Bennett, Jr. on the banks of the Acushnet River in 1846 and opened in 1848.  It was the first of many textile mills that gradually came to overtake whaling as the principal employer in New Bedford.  Other mills in the area soon sprang up.  By the 1870s, cotton textile manufacture was more important to the local economy than whaling.  Wamsutta Mills became well known for producing fine quality shirtings, sheetings, and other fine cotton products.  The Wamsutta brand continues to this day (2015).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930’s or early 1940’s.  It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn organization of volunteers and advocates who turn progressive ideals into advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Parent Teacher Association (PTA) is a national organization with affiliations in local schools throughout the U.S. composed of parents, teachers and staff, and devoted to the educational success of children and the promotion of parent involvement in schools.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Eugene Blachschleger was elected as spiritual leader of Temple Beth Or in Montgomery, AL in 1933 and served until his untimely death in January 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1963 as Birmingham struggled in the throes of the Civil Rights era, Martin Luther King Jr. made pleas to the Birmingham clergy, including rabbis, to support his marches.  When the Jewish rabbis counseled patience and moderation and asked him to wait for desegregation laws to take effect, King called them out on their perceived passivity in a “Letter from a Birmingham Jail.”  The letter gained national attention and a few weeks later a group of 19 conservative rabbis from the North, outraged by the images they saw on the TV of black protestors being beaten, arrived in Birmingham.  They didn’t tell anyone in the Jewish community they were coming, which angered the rabbis and many Jews in Birmingham.  After talking with King in the Birmingham jail, they toured black churches making speeches of support.  Then they left.  The whole episode appeared high-handed to the Birmingham Jewish community, and they feared an antisemitic backlash from the Ku Klux Klan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Selma to Montgomery marches were three marches in 1965 that marked the political and emotional peak of the American Civil Rights Movement.  Selma and Montgomery were the focus of black voter registration drives which were resisted on every front.  The marches were to support voting rights for blacks. The first was on March 7, 1965 and came to be known as “Bloody Sunday” when 600 civil rights marchers were attacked by state and local police with billy clubs and tear gas.  Several marchers, both black and white, were beaten or murdered over the course of the marches. The second march was on March 9, 1965.  Martin Luther King Jr. led 2,500 protestors who were turned back after crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge.  The third march started on March 16.  The marchers marched along U.S. Route 80 protected by 2,000 soldiers of the U.S. Army, 1,900 members of the Alabama National Guard under Federal command, FBI agents and Federal Marshals.  They arrived in Montgomery on March 24.  The marchers in the third march were fed by women volunteers who cooked the food in the kitchen of the Green Street Baptist Church after which it was delivered to the gathering point for the march by truck.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWallace (1919-1998) was the 45th governor of Alabama, serving four nonconsecutive terms: 1963-1967, 1971-1979, 1983-1987.  He also ran for the presidency unsuccessfully.  In 1972 he was left paralyzed after an assassination attempt and was in a wheelchair for the remainder of his life.  During the Civil Rights Era he was noted for his Southern populist and segregationist attitudes.  Wallace’s most remembered utterance was:  “In the name of the greatest people that have ever trod this earth, I draw the line in the dust and toss the gauntlet before the feet of tyranny, and I say segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever.”  He tried to stop desegregation in schools by physically standing in the way of black students at several universities in 1963.  Federal marshals and the Alabama National Guard under federal command forced him to step aside.  He later renounced these views at the end of his life. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe President and Vice President of the United States are not elected directly by the voters. Instead, when Americans vote for a President and Vice President, they are actually voting for presidential electors, known collectively as the electoral college.  The Constitution assigns each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of the state’s Senate and House of Representatives delegations.  A majority of electoral votes, currently (2015) 270 of 538, is required to win. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club was formed in 1871 as a downtown Montgomery social club for Jews during an era when Jews were not admitted to other clubs. The club building was built in 1894 across from the Davis Theater, and members acquired the second lot in February 1913 in order to have a place in the country.  The Standard Club maintained the dual properties for over a decade. In 1929, notable architect Frank Lockwood built the current clubhouse.  Today, the Standard Club property is a community of residential homes. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStein Mart was founded in 1908 by Sam Stein, a Russian Jewish immigrant who opened his first store in Greenville, Mississippi.  The department store carried general merchandise until Stein's son, Jake, took over the company upon his death in 1932.  It was then that the store redirected its focus toward discounted clothing.  The chain targeted customers who shopped department stores on a regular basis, inducing them to purchase goods by offering discounts of 25 to 60 per cent off department store prices.  It remains a strong retailer today (2015). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMom and pop stores are businesses that are privately owned and usually operated by members of a family, rather than being part of a national chain of stores.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWalmart is an American chain of discount department stores that sell items such as electronics, toys, clothing, bedding, furniture \u0026amp; home decor.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Young Men’s Christian Association, commonly known as the ‘YMCA’ or the ‘Y’ is a worldwide organization founded in 1844 that aims to put Christian principles into practice by developing a healthy body, mind and spirit.  They offer recreational facilities, parent/child education programs, youth and teen development with after school programming, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat [Hebrew] or Shabbos [Yiddish] is the Jewish day of rest and is observed on Saturdays.  Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities, often with great rigor, and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘dedication.’ An eight-day festival of lights usually falling around Christmas on the Christian calendar.  Hanukkah celebrates the victory of the Maccabees in 165 BCE over the Seleucid rules of Palestine, who had desecrated the Temple. The Maccabees wanted to re-dedicate the Temple altar to Jewish worship by rekindling the menorah but could only find one small jar of ritually pure olive oil.  This oil continued to burn miraculously for eight days, enabling them to prepare new oil. The menorah with its eight branches commemorates this miracle.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Jewish holiday that commemorates the deliverance of the Jewish people in the ancient Persian Empire from destruction in the wake of a plot by Haman, a story recorded in the Biblical book of Esther.  According to the Book of Esther, Haman planned to kill all the Jews, but his plans were foiled by Mordecai and his adopted daughter Queen Esther.  The d\\y of deliverance became a day of feasting and rejoicing.  Some of the customs of Purim include drinking winy7e, wearing masks and costumes, and public celebration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “order”.  The ritual family meal eaten at home on the first and second nights of Passover, accompanied by the retelling of the story of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/annotation_set/397/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two High Holy Days are Rosh Ha-Shanah (Jewish New Year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=4080.0,4110.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Hart, Carol [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=25.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you could tell me a little bit about your family, your parents, their names, and your grandparents' names.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=25.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alabama","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family business","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"genealogy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=25.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=313.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's get a little bit to you now. What year were you born?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=313.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dating","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighborhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=313.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Race relations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1090.0,2085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's talk a little bit more about your home life. Did you have a lot of domestic help in the home?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1090.0,2085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civil Rights","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"domestic workers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"race relations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school integration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=1090.0,2085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2085.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did your parents participate in the greater community? Were they involved in clubs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2085.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clubs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish organizations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2085.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family business","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2961.0,3433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about the family business itself. When did that start to change?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2961.0,3433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family buisness","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wholesale","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=2961.0,3433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish life in Montgomery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3433.0,4280.513"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you think the future is for Jewish life in Montgomery?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3433.0,4280.513"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376/index/47753/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"change","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"future","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Montgomery, AL","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/39083/file/110376#t=3433.0,4280.513"}]}]}]}