{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/9k45q4s04t/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Cranman, Herman"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1998-11-20 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Savannah Jewish Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHerman Cranman was interviewed by Harriet Meyerhoff on November 11th, 1998 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eHerman Lewis Cranman was born March 14, 1924 to Philip and Jeane Litman Cranman in Savannah, Georgia. Herman’s father, Philip began work at a young age, first as an office boy and later went into the insurance business for himself. Both of Herman’s parents were born in Russia and made their way to the United States during their childhoods. His paternal grandparents, Jacob and Dora Cranman, came from Odessa, Russia, and they traveled with their children from Russia by foot to France, and later to Canada and then New York. Herman’s paternal grandfather owned a small grocery store in Savannah and their family lived in an adjoining apartment. Herman’s maternal grandparents, Isaac and Anna Litman, lived near Odessa, Russia. They migrated to the United States through Ellis Island in New York. Herman’s maternal grandfather owned a shoe shop, and later began whole selling leather for shoes once he had to give up his store. Herman grew up in the Savannah area, attending local schools like Charles Ellis Grammar School, Richard Arnold Junior High School, Savannah High School, and Benedictine Military School. Growing up, Herman’s social group spent time at Tybee Beach and the Tybrisa Pavilion in Savannah. Herman was also an active member of the local Aleph Zadik Alpeh (AZA) organization in Savannah. Herman first met his wife, Helen Schmalheiser when he was a young boy, and later reunited with her in high school. They dated on and off, and later got engaged while Herman was away at war. Herman joined the United States Air Force during World War II. While serving in the Air Force, Herman’s plane crashed and he was captured in Hungary. He was a prisoner of war for ten months following his capture by Hungarian farmers, and he experienced poor conditions during his time in various POW camps. Once Herman and his fellow American POWs were liberated, he returned safely home on a troop ship that took him to Boston, Massachusetts. Herman Cranman spent his life working as the owner of an insurance agency. He passed away on April 2, 2017 at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Herman discusses his family’s origins and the route they took to immigrate to the United States. He also discusses their lives in America and his experiences growing up in Savannah, Georgia. Herman attended high school at a Catholic military school, and his interview explores his time there and his experiences with any anti-Semitism within the Catholic school. Herman also talks about the social groups he was involved in as a teen and what teens would typically do during the summers. Herman briefly talks about his involvement in the local AZA chapter and their time at the Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) in Savannah. Herman also delves into his experiences in the Air Force and as a POW during World War II. Herman discusses what the conditions were like for him as a POW and what the conditions within the POW camps were like. Herman concludes his interview telling the story of how he got engaged to his wife by proxy while he was away at war.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/27940"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Cranman, Herman L., 1924-2017 (personal name)","Cranman, Helen Schmalheiser, 1926- (personal name)","Ellis Island (geographic term)","Savannah, Georgia (geographic term)","Benedictine Military School (corporate name)","Tybee (geographic term)","Jewish Educational Alliance (corporate name)","World War II (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHerman Cranman was interviewed by Harriet Meyerhoff on November 11th, 1998 in Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerman Lewis Cranman was born March 14, 1924 to Philip and Jeane Litman Cranman in Savannah, Georgia. Herman’s father, Philip began work at a young age, first as an office boy and later went into the insurance business for himself. Both of Herman’s parents were born in Russia and made their way to the United States during their childhoods. His paternal grandparents, Jacob and Dora Cranman, came from Odessa, Russia, and they traveled with their children from Russia by foot to France, and later to Canada and then New York. Herman’s paternal grandfather owned a small grocery store in Savannah and their family lived in an adjoining apartment. Herman’s maternal grandparents, Isaac and Anna Litman, lived near Odessa, Russia. They migrated to the United States through Ellis Island in New York. Herman’s maternal grandfather owned a shoe shop, and later began whole selling leather for shoes once he had to give up his store. Herman grew up in the Savannah area, attending local schools like Charles Ellis Grammar School, Richard Arnold Junior High School, Savannah High School, and Benedictine Military School. Growing up, Herman’s social group spent time at Tybee Beach and the Tybrisa Pavilion in Savannah. Herman was also an active member of the local Aleph Zadik Alpeh (AZA) organization in Savannah. Herman first met his wife, Helen Schmalheiser when he was a young boy, and later reunited with her in high school. They dated on and off, and later got engaged while Herman was away at war. Herman joined the United States Air Force during World War II. While serving in the Air Force, Herman’s plane crashed and he was captured in Hungary. He was a prisoner of war for ten months following his capture by Hungarian farmers, and he experienced poor conditions during his time in various POW camps. Once Herman and his fellow American POWs were liberated, he returned safely home on a troop ship that took him to Boston, Massachusetts. Herman Cranman spent his life working as the owner of an insurance agency. He passed away on April 2, 2017 at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Herman discusses his family’s origins and the route they took to immigrate to the United States. He also discusses their lives in America and his experiences growing up in Savannah, Georgia. Herman attended high school at a Catholic military school, and his interview explores his time there and his experiences with any anti-Semitism within the Catholic school. Herman also talks about the social groups he was involved in as a teen and what teens would typically do during the summers. Herman briefly talks about his involvement in the local AZA chapter and their time at the Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) in Savannah. Herman also delves into his experiences in the Air Force and as a POW during World War II. Herman discusses what the conditions were like for him as a POW and what the conditions within the POW camps were like. Herman concludes his interview telling the story of how he got engaged to his wife by proxy while he was away at war.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/096/944/small/Cranman__Herman.jpg?1619288836","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Cranman_Herman.mp3"]},"duration":2638.23674,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/096/944/small/Cranman__Herman.jpg?1619288836","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/096/944/original/Cranman_Herman.mp3?1599997477","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":2638.23674,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Cranman, Herman [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meyerhoff: Today is November 20, 1998 and I am interviewing Herman Cranman. We will start, Herman, I want you to tell me when you were born, and something\nabout your parents and siblings.\n\nCranman: I was born on March 14th, 1924. My parents were Philip Cranman and my\nmother was Jeane ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Litman Cranman. At the time I was born we lived on West Bolton Street.\n\nMeyerhoff: About where on West Bolton? Do you remember?\n\nCranman: It was actually at 310 West Bolton Street.\n\nMeyerhoff: Okay. What was the neighborhood like then? Were there still a lot of\nJewish families, or had they moved?\n\nCranman: Probably, but I don't remember. I was too young to tell.\n\nMeyerhoff: Too young to tell at that age. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You didn't stay there long?\n\nCranman: No. My first memory was at an apartment on East Duffy Street, which was\nclose to Paulson. There were two Jewish families that I recall. The Elton\nfamily, lived upstairs, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Myers family lived next door.\n\nMeyerhoff: What about Herman, I'm sorry, Philip. What was Philip doing at that\ntime? What business?\n\nCranman: My father started in his business world at quite an early age. He said\n12, I'm betting he was 12 or 13. He started as a gofer or an office boy along\nthe cotton brokers on Bay ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Street. Then he graduated into another job, which was\na similar job but with an insurance agency. It was the John D. Carswell Agency.\nHe stayed there for probably 10 years or so before he went into business for himself.\n\nMeyerhoff: I must add that was with limited education too.\n\nCranman: That was with very limited education. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father was a little boy and he\nhad an argument with, on a matter of principle at the school, with the school\nprincipal. He decided he was going to teach the principal a lesson, and he quit school.\n\nMeyerhoff: He did okay for himself. To ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jeane and Philip, they had how many\nchildren? Would you name them?\n\nCranman: Yes, I was the oldest and my brother Alvin was about four and a half\nyears younger than I was. He came along, I guess, I don't remember whether it\nwas on Duffy or Henry Street. We moved from Duffy Street to Henry Street during\nthat time, when I was in probably pre-Kindergarten or Kindergarten. I attended\nKindergarten ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the old Waters Avenue Street School on Waters and Anderson.\n\nMeyerhoff: Before we progress to your life, I think it's interesting to say how\nyour grandfather Jacob came here. Tell me that background.\n\nCranman: From what I know, they, my grandfather and my grandmother, and it was\neither their oldest daughter was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Annie, left Odessa, Russia, by foot. It might\nhave been Joe, I think Joe was the oldest child. Joe and Annie, I think, were\nchildren at the time. They walked from Odessa across Europe to LeHarve, France,\nwhere they would catch a boat to come to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Canada. Why Canada I don't know. But I\nalso heard that before they got on the boat, somebody stole most of the money\nthey had with them. God knows how they did it, but they got on the boat and\nprobably slept on the deck, because I doubt whether they had accommodations\nbecause they had little or no money. They landed in Canada, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from there they\nmigrated to Utica, New York.\n\nI'm not sure whether my father was born in Canada or in Utica. If he was born in\nUtica, I know he was very young. He was old enough to remember a few things\nbecause he told me his father, my grandfather, was in the upholstery business in\nUtica. Matter of fact, years later he went back to Utica to look up records and\nfound ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some from his father's business. How long they stayed in Utica I'm not\nsure, but they eventually got to Savannah and I don't know what brought them to Savannah.\n\nFrom what I know, my grandfather had a corner grocery store on Gwinnett and\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Burroughs I believe. I can recall going there. They lived next to the grocery\nstore. The little apartment they lived in was beside the store and opened in to\nthe store area. It was a very small place, both the apartment and the store, but\nit had an upstairs stairs. They had a large family at the time, because all the\nchildren, when I came along, of course, all the children were born. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"uncle\nbeing the youngest, Harry was next, Leona was older than Harry, and I think\nEdward came at that time, and then there was Jeannie and Annie and Joe. Of\ncourse my father was in that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"group too. My father was probably right after Annie\nor Jeannie, I'm not sure which.\n\nMeyerhoff: We have one minute, tell me the names of your grandparents.\n\nCranman: My grandfather, his name was Jacob, and my grandmother's name was Dora.\nI don't know what her maiden name was.\n\nMeyerhoff: For the record, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your mother's maiden name was L-I-T-M-A-N Litman.\n\nCranman: L-I-T as in Tom.\n\nMeyerhoff: Now going on, you said you were, you told me that you . . .\n\nCranman: Should I go on to my mother's . . .\n\nMeyerhoff: You can, sure.\n\nCranman: Yes. My mother's family came from Russia also. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think in the same\ngeneral area, but I'm not certain. Their names were Isaac and Anna Litman. They\nmigrated through Ellis Island I believe. I don't know\nhow they got here but Isaac was a shoe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maker, he wholesaled shoe leather when he\ngave up his shoe shop, and worked extremely hard. He carried his store on his\nback in a satchel and walked shoe maker to shoe maker all over town selling his\nshoes, selling his leather. They had a large family too, I think, their family\nwas, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the oldest was Sam, Aaron, Ben, Joe, Harry and then the three daughters\nwere Doris, Jeane, my mother, and Fannie. I think I got them ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all. Some of them\nlived in Savannah, some of them didn't. I think Harry lived here for a while. My\nmother and her sister Doris lived here. Fannie lived in Charleston, and the\nothers were scattered around.\n\nAt age, I guess I was about three years old when I developed some kind of\nstrange ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ailment. It actually turned out to be celiac spruce, which is what I\nhave presently. At that time it was thought to be a childhood disease, but it's\na digestive disease that you cannot tolerate gluten from certain grains and it\nruins your digestive system. And I looked like I was a starving child in Europe.\nI had a big belly and skin and bones everywhere ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"else. The doctors didn't\ndiagnose it as anything and I eventually after a couple of years of that I\ndeveloped a severe case of pneumonia and I had to stay in bed, as I recall,\nabout three months for the cure, they didn't have a cure for me. Probably I\nalmost died, I don't know. I never realized, I was too young to realize how sick\nI was, but I know I was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bed for a long time, but my spruce left after that\nand I grew up as a normal, healthy child. The celiac spruce didn't come back\nagain until I was probably 87, which sometimes that happens.\n\nI said I attended Kindergarten on Waters Avenue. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I was sick, I was also\nattending school at Waters Avenue. When I was sick that year, I was in third\ngrade and I got kept down because I missed three months of school. My brother\nAlvin, I believe, also attended at least Kindergarten there and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably one or\ntwo grades at Waters Avenue before we moved to a location on 49th Street, pretty\nclose to the old Savannah High School building. We both went to Charles Ellis\nGrammar School. We both went to Richard Arnold Junior High which is on Bull and\n35th. I attended Savannah High ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School for two years, I think, two and a half\nyears which would have been my junior year. Early on I transferred to\nBenedictine, and finished up, I think, two weeks after the term started, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transferred.\n\nMeyerhoff: Herman, what was it like for the Jewish boys in a Catholic school in\nthose days?\n\nCranman: Historically, the school would always have a Jewish student in almost\nevery class that graduated. When they had religious classes, we had study\nperiod. It was very comfortable in my opinion.\n\nMeyerhoff: Why did the Jewish boys choose to go to BC in those ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"days? Was it\nbecause you were troublemakers and your dad wanted you to get right or what?\n\nCranman: My reason was a number of things. I was not a very good student. At\nschool, I've always been one, you know, if I could what I was learning something\nfor, then I could do it. I would learn a lot easier and a lot better, but just\nto study for study's sake, I found it difficult at that point in my life ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do\nthat. I was borderline passing and I thought I'd do better without distractions.\nI was getting into the age of girls and so on my own I decided I would go over\nto BC. I also thought maybe it was a little easier, because the classes were\nsmaller and the priests who ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"taught, I don't know, I don't know what to think of\nthem. I didn't know anything about them, but I assumed there would be more, give\nyou more rope to hang yourself, so to speak.\n\nMeyerhoff: Now, you never ran into any anti-Semitism at BC. I guess the priests\nwere understanding, and what about your peers?\n\nCranman: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I had any anti-Semitism, I didn't know about it. It might've been\nbehind my back, but I think I had more at Savannah High School of that kind than\nI did at Benedictine, because I was extremely friendly with people in my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"class.\nWhen we had the school, the class dances, and so forth, I had my Jewish date,\nthey had their Catholic dates, and we all got along fine.\n\nMeyerhoff: What was socializing like as you got into your teens in the city with\nyour social group? Tell me about the social Jewish connections.\n\nCranman: The social group migrated from Tybee to Savannah and back and forth.\nTybee was a big factor ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in teenage social life. A lot of people went to Tybee for\nthe summer, and a lot of people just went down every weekend on Sundays. Kids\nhad what today would be a glorified hamburger stand and soda fountains. They had\nsandwiches that they served and Cokes and sodas, ice cream ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and juke boxes, where\nthey played the, it was the era of the big bands. I don't know whether people\nknow what big bands are today, they might think it's a marching band, but it's a\nbig orchestra that played the popular music of the day. Savannah happily was\nalmost midway from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Miami to New York. These bands would play in Miami and\nmigrate up north to New York, and Savannah, Tybee was a stopping off point. They\nwould spend a week at Tybee taking a sort of, a working vacation at the beach,\nand they'd practice every day on the old Tybrisa Pavilion. Saturday night before\nthey left, they would give a dance and probably make expenses by charging\nadmission for it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, at that time I was a little too young to go to the\nSaturday night dances, but they were there every afternoon practicing on the\npavilion, and a lot of kids would go out there to listen to them and catch a\nbreeze on the pavilion and listen to the orchestra play.\n\nMeyerhoff: Were you allowed to date non-Jewish girls, or was it just customary\nfor the Jewish boys to date the Jewish girls?\n\nCranman: I probably ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would have been allowed to date them, I was never told I\ncouldn't, but I never dated anything but Jewish girls. I met my wife, Helen, I\nshouldn't go backwards, but Helen and I met the first time when we lived on\nAnderson Street when I was probably in second, third, or fourth grade, somewhere\naround there. She lived across the street right after we moved there, but her\nfamily moved further ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"south, I don't know, a month or so after we moved there. So\nwe met there and when I went to visit my cousins who lived on 40th and Waters,\nHelen lived across the street. Helen was kind of a tomboy. She always liked to\nplay boy's games and I never cared for girls that kept interrupting our games at\nthe time. I used to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tell her to back off and tried to get rid of her. She\nfinally discovered that and quit coming when we were there. But my cousins\nalways played, they had a game around that area and they all played together.\n\nMeyerhoff: What was her maiden name?\n\nCranman: Helen Schmalheiser. S-C-H-M-A-L-H-E-I-S-E-R. They shortened it to\nSmall, S-M-A-L-L. Their family, her father was in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"roofing business and her\ngrandfather was in the roofing business. They both operated a roofing company\nuntil the war came along, and they had to close it because they couldn't get\nlabor and they couldn't get material.\n\nMeyerhoff: Now were you dating each other in high school before the war?\n\nCranman: Yes. We began dating, actually ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I, at Richard Arnold. I met her at\nschool and I didn't even know I knew her before. That's how much I paid\nattention to girls when I was younger. But I liked the looks at Richard Arnold\nand I asked her to a tea dance.\n\nMEYERHOFF: What is a tea dance Herman?\n\nCRANMAN: It was an afternoon dance at the school. They played records, famous\nband records, and they had a little phonograph, Victrola, I don't know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what\npeople would call it today. They would play the music through a speaker and the\nkids would dance.\n\nMeyerhoff: They served tea obviously? And tea was served, is that right?\n\nCranman: No.\n\nMeyerhoff: No?\n\nCranman: No, nothing was served, maybe a Coke or something. They called it a tea\ndance because it was an afternoon dance.\n\nMeyerhoff: Okay.\n\nCranman: I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went, I asked her to go to the dance. I had to walk over to her house\nand we walked to the bus stop, and we rode the bus to the school. I had\nforgotten that I didn't know how to dance, or I paid no attention to it. I\nfigured we'd have such a good time talking to one another that she would\noverlook that. Of course, that was a serious mistake on my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part because when we\ngot to the dance she wanted to dance, and I tried but I didn't know how. I\nbecame embarrassed and she tried to act like a lady, but as far as I was\nconcerned our date was a bad date, that first date. I mean I didn't date again\nuntil I could do something besides dance on the date. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I started again, I guess,\nafter I got my driver's license. I dated Helen when we could go to the movies or\nsomething besides going to a dance. At that time, she had I guess five or six\nguys interested in her, and I had to wait in line usually to date ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her.\n\nMeyerhoff: So you dated Helen but not steadily, but then you were also active in\nAZA. Tell me about that.\n\nCranman: AZA was, most Jewish boys were in AZA during my growing up days. There\nwas a rather large crowd, I can't remember how many, maybe 50 or 60. I think 20\nor 25 of us broke off and formed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"another chapter, which is called the David Finn\nchapter. I think that's the name it goes by today.\n\nMeyerhoff: How was David Finn?\n\nCranman: He was a local person, well liked in the community that was killed in\nan automobile accident. Nobody knows who he was today but he was well liked at\nthat time. Matter of fact, he was very close to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my wife, Helen and her family.\n\nThe JEA, and both AZA's met at the JEA and there were also gymnasium activities.\nWe had afternoon softball, basketball, and I think there was handball there too\nif I'm not mistaken. Every afternoon kids, teenagers, were there playing in the\ngymnasium or downstairs in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"locker room, and the handball court, or whatever\nthey were doing, but we always had activities --\n\n. . .Hungarian farmers who caught me asked me something about being Jewish, I\ndon't know exactly what they said. They wanted to know whether I was a Jew or\nnot. They were standing in front of me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with pitchforks pointed at my belly and\nall I had to say was yes and I wouldn't be here today. But I said no, I wasn't\nJewish, and they didn't do anything. All they did was beat me up a little bit.\nThere was one guy that wanted to take me into the nearest house, we were by a\nvillage, they caught me out in a field, and we were close to their village. This\nguy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would take me in, he took my arm, he had me under his custody. He was taking\nme to the house. Every time I turned my back on a group of them they'd come up\none at a time and they'd whack me on the back of the head, or back, or whatever.\nI turned around and they'd move away. Whenever I turned somebody else would come\nup and do it. That went on until we got to the Mayor's house and we went in. You\nnever ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saw such hatred in all your life. All the Hungarians were standing around,\nlooking through the windows, standing out in the street, yelling insults, and\nshaking their fists. I never knew what was going to happen. I didn't know what\nthey were saying, but all I knew is that I was at least safe for that point in\ntime. I was in the house and they made some phone calls, and I guess they called\nthe police to come get ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me.\n\nMeyerhoff: Did the military train you how to deal with fear, if that should happen?\n\nCranman: No, there's no way to train for somebody to deal with that kind of\nfear. They did tell me what could happen, but they didn't brief me on the\ncivilians. They said that there was no underground escape in Hungary. There was\nin Romania and Yugoslavia and Bulgaria, but nothing in Hungary or Austria or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany.\n\nThe police finally came, three of them. Three young guys in uniform, they put me\nin this open truck that was similar to one of our Jeeps, and they took me over\nto where my airplane crashed. I didn't know where we were going. There was a\ngreat big hole in the ground and metal was scattered all over. There was a group\nof ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farmers standing around in a semi-circle around, looking at the pit. I guess\nthey were looking for stuff that was available to them. A lot of them made snide\nremarks to me at that point. They looked at me and kind of leered and made\ngestures with their guns and all that nice ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stuff. I figured I had just about had\nit right at that particular time but nothing happened. They put me back in the\nJeep and they drove me to another village. By then it was dark. We had taken\noff, I guess, at dawn that day. We were shot down at about 10 o'clock in the\nmorning, and I was starving. I hadn't eaten anything since about four o'clock\nthat morning. I had some ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"water in the Mayor's house but that's it.\n\nIncidentally, when I bailed out I had a mezuzah on my dog tags and when I got to\nthe ground I needed to get rid of it. I pulled my dog tag chain out of my shirt\nand the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mezuzah was gone. I couldn't find it. I looked all over and, it had\nnever fallen off my chain before, but it was gone. I guess that was a sign, I\ndon't know.\n\nThe three policemen took me to this jail; it was an old country jail. They\nsigned me in, it was dark at that time and I was hoping against hope that I\nmaybe could get something to eat. But nobody mentioned ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything. They got my\nname and wrote it in some big police ledger and they took me to a cell. They\nopened the cell, and it was dark in the cell, it was a small cell, but I could\nsee a flat, wide, wooden bed. A slab sort of, not a bed, it was just made of\nwood. It had a bunch of boots on it. I could see boots and legs because it was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dark and the light from the doorway was shining in and all I could see was the\nboots and the legs there. I didn't know whether it was dead people or if they\nwere alive or not. I got in and they shut the door and there was the rest of my\ncrew in there sleeping. They had been captured earlier and we were glad to see\none ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"another. Being alone by yourself --\n\nMeyerhoff: I'm sure it was very comforting.\n\nCranman: --Was really terrifying.\n\nMeyerhoff: Now how long were you in the cell?\n\nCranman: We spent the night there. We slept on this wooden slab. They had been\nfed, by the way. Earlier they had given them something to eat, but still they\ndidn't give me anything. The next morning we got up, chained together on a\nlinked chain. My radio operator was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shot on the ground. When they captured him,\nI don't know what happened because I wasn't there but he was shot in the\nstomach. He survived the shot in the hospital. The tail gunner was killed so he\nwasn't there. The pilot was missing and he wasn't there, so the rest of us were\nthere. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took us and marched us through this village all chained together on\nthus chain with these jeering crowds to the train station. The crowds were\nfollowing us. They weren't big crowds but they were maybe 20 or 30 people. They\nwould make remarks or shake their fists and spit at you. We walked to the train\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"station, a little two bit train station. We got in and there was nobody else in\nthere who wanted to get on the train. The police wouldn't let the others in\nfortunately. They just stood there glaring at us through the windows. Every time\nyou'd look at one of them they make some kind of face or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gesture of some sort.\n\nFinally, the train came and they put us on. Nobody on the train made any\nacknowledgement about who we were or what we were. They paid no attention to us,\nthe passengers. We sat together, we were still chained, and they still hadn't\nfed us anything, and we rode to Budapest where we were, that's the capitol of\nHungary, where we were put in a panel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"truck with no windows in it. It was small,\nlike a pickup truck. I guess there were seven or eight of us. It was just big\nenough for us to get in and sit on either side. There was a little hole in the\npanel that I could peak through and see the city a little riding through it.\nLooked like one of our cities, it was a big city. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally, the truck stopped and\nwe were in a prison in Budapest with walls around it. This was a prison that I'm\nsure was used for criminals before the war. At this particular time, though I\ndidn't know it, at this particular time the prison was being used as an\ninterrogation center for people like me that were captured. They got us out of\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"truck and there I was, I think I had probably turned 20 by then, 20 years\nold in a prison in a foreign country with what was left of my crew. We had\nabsolutely nothing to look forward to, we had no way of getting out and we\ndidn't know what they were going to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do with us. There was a lot of uncertainty there.\n\nMeyerhoff: Just to move ahead, because I'm afraid we're going to move out of\ntime, tell me how long you were kept a POW?\n\nCranman: Ten months.\n\nMeyerhoff: In Budapest?\n\nCranman: No. That was the first stop, just the interrogation center. Do you want\nme to go on with the interrogation part?\n\nMeyerhoff: I think because we're on limited time, just tell me during the ten\nmonths, what were your conditions like?\n\nCranman: Conditions after the interrogation center ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were, we went into a\npermanent type POW camp in Germany. The ride to Germany was kind of horrible. We\nrode in boxcars, but we were a lot better off than the Jewish refugees who rode\nin the same boxcars. We were not as crowded and we got a little bit of something\nto eat and drink, but they didn't. I did see a refugee train there that pulled\nin one time when we were on one of those trains and it was horrible. They were\nin the same station that we were in with people walking up and down in the\nstation paid no attention to anything. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They walked past without even seeing them.\n\nMeyerhoff: Were you aware, at that time, of what was happening with the camps--\n\nCranman: Yes, oh yeah. That's why I was in there. That's one of the reasons I\nwas, it was well known what they were doing to the Jews. That's why I wanted to\nget into the Air Force and I wanted to go to Europe.\n\nMeyerhoff: At what point were your parents notified where you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were?\n\nCranman: I was shot down in July. They were notified in September, sometime in\nSeptember. I was shot down July 14 of 1944.\n\nMeyerhoff: During that time they knew you were missing, they just could not --\n\nCranman: They got a missing-in-action telegram.\n\nMeyerhoff: But they knew you were alive. Or they didn't know?\n\nCranman: No, they didn't know. Although Arthur, my uncle, managed to get to my\nairbase, he was in Italy at the same time I was and we had been planning to get\ntogether. By the time he got there, it was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"day that I got shot down; it was\nthe day after I got shot down. He interviewed some people who were on the\nmission that I was on and he found out that they saw eight parachutes. They saw\nthe plane was on fire and it blew up, but eight parachutes, they said, got out\nbefore the plane blew up. That's what he wrote my father. He wrote my father and\nmy mother separately. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They still have those letters. He gave them a little hope.\nThey said that chances are I was fine and fell through the flak and that kind of business.\n\nAnyhow, getting back to the POW situation, the first camp we were in was okay.\nWe got Red Cross food, very little in the way of German food. We couldn't live\nvery well on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it, but the Red Cross food that we got helped us. As the war\nprogressed, the food got less and less because transportation was being bombed\nand they couldn't get it to us, so they say. A big part of my POW experience was\nthe move from this one camp to another camp when the Russian offensive started\nin January, December or January of 1944 or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1945. At the same time, this was the\nsame weather that the Battle of the Bulge was fought. In January, early January,\nthere were blizzard conditions in Germany, and it was the time of the Battle of\nthe Bulge and the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weather was subzero. It was cold and there was ice on the\nground, and snow and hard winds blowing, and the Germans decided to move us from\nour camp to another camp. Of course, they didn't tell us where we were going but\nwe had to walk wherever it was. They got us out of our barracks at 10 o'clock at\nnight and lined us up. I had everything that I owned on, it was very cold out.\nWe waited in line for about two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hours and started walking. We walked all night\nand they promised us some shelter the next day. We got to where the shelter was\nsupposed to be and they didn't have any shelter. The place was overcome with\nPOWs, they were all over the place. There was probably 10,000 in our camp that\nwe evacuated ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and probably half of them were in this little village. This village\nwas extremely small. They had a little building about 3,000 square feet that\nthey tried to put some people under, but no building, no furniture, and no heat.\nI tried to get in there to get a half hour of sleep, but there was no place to\nsit down or no place to lay down, and it was just as cold inside as it was\noutside, so we went back out and slept on the snow and ice.\n\nThe next night, we started off again and we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"walked at night because of the\ndanger of air attacks. We walked all night and around one or two o'clock in the\nmorning I found myself dozing off and dreaming while I was walking. You can\ndream and walk at the same time and sleep, of course. You wake up occasionally\nwith a jolt in which you realize where you are. I just wanted to mention ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I\ndid experience this kind of thing with little food and no help. Everybody got\nsick, and a lot of people were left or killed because anybody that was\nstraggling, this was behind us and I don't know what happened to those people.\nVery difficult time.\n\nAfter I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"liberated, I had been in the prison camp for ten months and I hadn't\ngotten any letters from anybody. They had written but I never got them. They\nsent packages, which I never got. A lot of them were returned after I got home.\nThey got my letters but I didn't get theirs. I didn't know what was going on in\nSavannah or anywhere else, I was completely at a loss as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to anything that had\ntranspired except for maybe some of the war news. On the way home there was a\ntroop ship that I left France with and I ran into Bubba Horovitz on the boat. He\nand I met each other by accident, there were a lot of people on the boat, but we\nmet. During one of our many conversations he mentioned he wanted to congratulate\nme, he heard that I had become engaged. His ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fiancée Jennie Javetz, who he later\nmarried, had told him that. I said \"well, I don't know anything about being\nengaged.\" He got a little embarrassed and flustered and said, \"well, Jennie\nprobably didn't get the story straight.\"\n\nLater when I called, we landed in Boston, and I called, I put in two telephone\ncalls, one for my family and one to Helen. In those days, things didn't work\nwith telephones too easily, and you had to wait on them to go through,\nespecially when you were calling very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"long distances. The call to Savannah came\nthrough first and I talked to my family and they didn't mention anything about,\nI asked how Helen was and whether they heard from her, whether they were keeping\nup with her, and so forth. They said yes, and that was it. Finally, we hung up\nand Helen's call came through and I talked to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her. According to her I was\ntalking kind of strange because I didn't know what the situation was. She was\nin, she had actually become engaged by proxy while I was a POW and I didn't know\nall of this. This was arranged by my father when his brother, Arthur, went to\nCalifornia on his duty assignment, my father knew how I felt about Helen and he\nfigured ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen, if she felt the same way, she would accept his offer of\nengagement to me. He asked Arthur to take her out and ask her if she would marry\nme while I was indisposed. Arthur did that and she accepted. I didn't know any\nof this and when I called I wasn't talking like I was engaged, I was talking\nlike I just got back and what was going on. The first time I found out I was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"engaged was when Helen's mother came on and said \"congratulations son, how does\nit feel to be engaged?\" I almost dropped to the floor because I didn't know what\nto think of it. I was very happy about it. All this had come out, being\nliberated, coming home and finding yourself engaged was kind of a difficult\nthink mentally to really keep up with. I was overcome with everything that had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/transcript/18561/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transpired. Finding --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2640.0,2670.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCeliac disease, also known as celiac spruce or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a chronic disorder of the digestive tract that results in an inability to tolerate gliadin, the alcohol-soluble fraction of gluten.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenedictine Military School is a Roman Catholic military high school for boys located in Savannah, Georgia. It was originally established as Benedictine College in 1902, hence the nickname “BC”. In 1963, the school moved to its current campus located on Seawright Drive in Savannah. Military schools, or military academies, are private schools organized following some of the procedures of military life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe original Tybrisa Pavilion stood for three-quarters of a century as the landmark on the South Atlantic Ocean. Built in 1891 by the Central of Georgia Railroad, it became a well-known destination for day-trippers and seasonal visitors during a time when advertisements hailed Tybee as the \"Premier South Atlantic Resort.\" Its open dance floor amid a coastal setting made it a legendary stop on the \"Big Band\" tour and for five decades of entertainers. A fire destroyed the Pavilion in 1967. Led by efforts of the people of Tybee Island, Chatham County built the Tybrisa Pavilion II and dedicated it on August 9, 1996. The Tybee Pier and Pavilion have become one of the premier entertainment centers in Chatham County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Grand Order of the Aleph Zadik Aleph (AZA) is an international youth-led fraternal organization for Jewish teenagers, founded in 1924.It currently exists as the male wing of B’nai B’rith Youth Organization, an independent non-profit organization. AZA’s sister organization, for teenage girls, is the B’nai B’rith Girls (BBG).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) was chartered August 2, 1912 to meet the leisure and Americanization needs of the Jewish community in Savannah. In the original charter, objectives were outlined for promoting the English language and for providing a building for such endeavors as a kindergarten, a library, classes promoting domestic and professional skills and recreation. In 1914, two years after the original charter, the JEA leased a building on the northeast corner of Barnard and Harris streets. The JEA opened its own structure January 27, 1916, located at 328 Barnard Street at the corner of Barnard and Charlton streets. World War I disrupted activities, but after the war, the JEA had become a strong social force in the Jewish community offering family nights, dances, socials, plays, contests, lectures, concerts and sports. The JEA also offered social services such as transient relief, unemployment and social case work that were later taken over by the Savannah Jewish Council, now the Savannah Jewish Federation. In December 1950, the JEA purchased 11 acres on Abercorn Street just north of DeRenne Avenue for their second building which opened in the spring of 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003emezuzah\u003c/em\u003e is a piece of parchment contained within a decorative case and inscribed with specific Hebrew verses from the \u003cem\u003eTorah\u003c/em\u003e. Typically, a \u003cem\u003emezuzah\u003c/em\u003e is affixed to the doorpost of Jewish homes.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/annotation_set/96/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA prisoner of war (POW) is a non-combatant, whether a military member, an irregular military fighter, or a civilian, who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2040.0,2070.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Cranman, Herman [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Father's Family History","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=89.0,468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about Herman, I'm sorry, Philip. What was Philip doing at that time? What business?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=89.0,468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bay Street","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Canada","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cotton brokers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Odessa, Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Utica, New York","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=89.0,468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mother's Family History","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=468.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes. My mother's family came from Russia also. I think in the same general area, but I'm not certain. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=468.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ellis Island","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shoe maker","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=468.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growing Up in Savannah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=688.0,938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said I attended Kindergarten on Waters Avenue. When I was sick, I was also attending school at Waters Avenue. When I was sick that year, I was in third grade and I got kept down because I missed three months of school. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=688.0,938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Benedictine Military School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charles Ellis Grammar School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Richard Arnold Junior HIgh","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah High School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waters Avenue Street School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=688.0,938.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social Life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=938.0,1071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was socializing like as you got into your teens in the city with your social group? Tell me about the social Jewish connections.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=938.0,1071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big bands","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tybee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tybrisa Pavilion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=938.0,1071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dating in Savannah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1071.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Were you allowed to date non-Jewish girls, or was it just customary for the Jewish boys to date the Jewish girls?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1071.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen Small","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Richard Arnold Junior High","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tea dance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1071.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Organizations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1354.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You were also active in AZA. Tell me about that.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1354.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aleph Zadik Aleph","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AZA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"JEA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Educational Alliance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1354.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During Word War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1447.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hungarian farmers who caught me asked me something about being Jewish, I don't know exactly what they said. They wanted to know whether I was a Jew or not. They were standing in front of me with pitchforks pointed at my belly and all I had to say was yes and I wouldn't be here today.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1447.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Battle of the Bulge","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Budapest","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hungary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interrogation camp","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mezuzah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"POW","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prisoner of War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russian Offensive","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=1447.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Returning Home","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944#t=2429.0,2638.23674"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/29286/file/96944/index/47177/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After I was liberated, I had been in the prison camp for ten months and I hadn't gotten any letters from anybody. 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