{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/8c9r20sz27/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Shahar, Robin"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2023-05-23 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Shahar, Robin (Interviewee)","Langer, Adina (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Jewish Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRobin Shahar was interviewed by Adina Langer on May 23, 2023 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003e          Robin Shahar was born on April 7, 1963, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Edward Brown and Bunny Berman Brown van Adelsberg. She has one brother, Scott, a half-sister Stephanie and a few stepsiblings. She grew up in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, a suburb outside of Philadelphia, in a Jewish neighborhood. Robin attended Tufts University in Boston. After graduating from college, she moved to Atlanta and later came out as a lesbian. She met her first wife; Fran Greenfield in Atlanta and they married in 1991 in a Jewish wedding ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          Robin attended Emory University Law School as a Woodruff Fellow. During her second year of law school, she received a job offer from Georgia’s Attorney General’s Office. In 1991, she filed a lawsuit against the Attorney General’s Office after they withdrew the job offer when they learned she planned to marry a woman. The case known as Shahar v. Bowers was heard in federal district court, which ruled against her. On appeal to the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, a three-judge panel reversed the district court ruling. The state appealed that ruling and the full 11th circuit court of appeals ruled in favor of Bowers, stating Shahar’s termination did not violate her constitutional rights. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          In 1993, Robin went to work as an attorney for the city of Atlanta. During her time at the city, she wrote Atlanta’s domestic partnership ordinance, defended the affirmative action program, and later served as an advisor to the mayor on LGBT affairs. She retired from the city in 2019 and continues to work as an attorney focused on human rights issues.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          Robin has been active for many decades at Congregation Bet Haverim, Atlanta’s first gay and lesbian synagogues. She served as the congregation vice president, worked with the education committee, and was involved with the AIDS support group. Robin and Fran are parents to two children, Eli and Rosie with their co-parents, Martin Coles and Jay Beard. In 2009, Robin and Fran divorced. Robin later married Pam Joy in 2016 and they continue to live in Atlanta. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003e          The interview begins with Robin sharing details about her family and growing up Jewish in Pennsylvania. She reflects on realizing she was a lesbian, her decision to come out, and some of the challenges she faced with her family when she told them. Robin shares meeting her first wife, Fran, and her encouraging Robin to attend law school. She recalls her impressions of Atlanta when she moved to the city in 1985. She discusses her experience working for the Jewish organization B’nai B’rith Youth Organization.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          Robin shares her initial contact with Congregation Bet Haverim and meeting three of the four men who founded Atlanta’s first gay and lesbian synagogue. She spoke about some of her early memories of the early High Holidays and Pride seders at Bet Haverim. Robin discusses her leadership roles in the congregation when she first joined. She remembers the impact that the AIDS crisis had on the gay and lesbian community and how Bet Haverim worked to provide support to its members and others in the community. She details the difficulties the congregation had in being accepted and recognized by Atlanta’s Jewish communities and synagogues. She also details the impact this had on the members of Bet Haverim.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          Robin talks about her and Fran's decision to have a Jewish commitment ceremony. She recounts the events of the weekend they got married at Table Rock State Park in South Carolina. She discusses the details that lead up to her getting a job offer from the Georgia Attorney General’s office and why they withdrew the offer once they realized she had indicated she was marrying a woman. Robin talks about deciding to sue the AG’s office and how she got the National ACLU involved in the case known as Shahar v. Bowers. She remembers the fear she and Fran felt from death threats that individuals made against them. However, she also recalls the emotional support she received from family and friends. She details how the lawsuit played out in federal district court and the court of appeals. Robin mentions that even though she lost the case, it was still a victory because the court acknowledged that Fran and her union were protected under the Constitution. She reflects on how marriage equality and other rights for the LGBT community have changed since she filed the suit and why she believes it has changed so quickly. She shares her concern about what is happening to the trans community currently.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          She discusses that she and Fran separated in 2009 and how she has since married Pam in a formal legal marriage ceremony that is recognized by the government. She mentions her son and daughter that she has with Fran, Martin Coles, and Jay Beard. Robin talks about their children being raised in the Bet Haverim community and how their experience in Hebrew school varied from hers. She discusses her involvement in the Hebrew school at Bet Haverim. She also reflects on the debate among members to open up Bet Haverim to straight couples and families. Robin recalls how Bet Haverim decided to join the Reconstructionists and some of the early rabbis before Rabbi Josh Lesser. She describes the importance of music for the congregation and talks about the decision to purchase their own synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e          Robin shares how she came to work as an attorney for the city of Atlanta. She discusses some of the memorable work she did during her time at the city. She spoke about her decision to retire from the city and focus more on human rights work. She mentions the work she did around the election of D.A. Deborah Gonzalez and her work with Atlanta’s Police Alternatives and Diversion Initiative. She reflects on the changes she has seen in the LGBTQ+ community and what role the LGBTQ identity has played in Bet Haverim. Robin ends the interview by sharing how she believes Bet Haverim can stay relevant in today’s world and if she feels it's gotten easier to be a lesbian and Jewish in society today.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29145"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Shahar, Robin (b. 1963) (personal name)","Brown, Edward (personal name)","van Adelsberg, Belle (Bunny) Berman Brown (personal name)","Brown, Scott (personal name)","Brown, Stephanie (personal name)","Shahar, Francine (Fran) Greenfield (personal name)","Lesser, Rabbi Josh (personal name)","Piccola, Dr. Gary (1905-1989) (personal name)","Needle, Robert (1954-1989) (personal name)","Clark, Michael (personal name)","Levine, Tom (personal name)","Kleinbaum, Rabbi Sharon (personal name)","Golden, Betsy (personal name)","Bowers, Michael (b. 1941) (personal name)","Rubenstein, William (b. 1960) (personal name)","Joy, Pam (personal name)","Shahar, Eli (personal name)","Shahar, Rosie (personal name)","Robertson, Dr. Amy (personal name)","Berner, Rabbi Leila Gal (b. 1950) (personal name)","Coles, Dr. Martin (personal name)","Beard, Dr. Jay (personal name)","Jackson Jr., Maynard (1938-2003) (personal name)","Coleman, Michael (personal name)","Reed, Kasim (b. 1969) (personal name)","Bottoms, Keisha Lance (b. 1970) (personal name)","Gonzalez, Deborah (personal name)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (geographic term)","Cheltenham, Pennsylvania (geographic term)","Wyncote, Pennsylvania (geographic term)","Vining, Georgia (geographic term)","Amsterdam, Netherlands (geographic term)","Druid Hills (geographic term)","Toco Hills (geographic term)","Little Five Points (geographic term)","Decatur, Georgia (geographic term)","Athens, Georgia (geographic term)","Congregation Bet Haverim (corporate name)","The Temple (corporate name)","Rodeph Shalom (corporate name)","Shearith Israel (corporate name)","Atlanta Meeting of Religious Society of Friends (corporate name)","Tufts University (corporate name)","Harvard University (corporate name)","Emory University (corporate name)","Georgia State University (corporate name)","Charis Bookstore (corporate name)","B’nai B’rith Youth Organization/BBYO (corporate name)","The Synagogue Council (corporate name)","Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta (corporate name)","Table Rock State Park (corporate name)","Georgia Attorney General’s Office (corporate name)","United States Supreme Court (corporate name)","United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit (corporate name)","ACLU/American Civil Liberties Union (corporate name)","Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund (corporate name)","Atlanta Journal-Constitution (corporate name)","Jewish Reconstructionist Federation (corporate name)","Holocaust (named event)","Police Alternatives and Diversion (other)","Ku Klux Klan (other)","Gay and Lesbian Rights Project (other)","Shahar v. Bowers (other)","Bowers v. Hardwick (other)","Bostock v. Clayton (other)","Obergefell v. Hodges (other)","Coming Out Day (other)","AIDS/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (other)","HIV/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (other)","Lesbian (other)","Gay (other)","Transgender (other)","LGBTQ (other)","Hebrew School (other)","Confirmation (other)","Bar Mitzvah (other)","Bat Mitzvah (other)","B’nai Mitzvah (other)","Brit Mitzvah (other)","Rosh HaShannah (other)","Yom Kippur (other)","Seder (other)","Pride Seder (other)","Passover (other)","High Holidays (other)","Kosher/Kashrut (other)","Orthodox Judaism (other)","Reform Judaism (other)","Conservative Judaism (other)","Reconstructionist Judaism (other)","Torah (other)","Hata (other)","Havdalah (other)","Tzedakah (other)","Tikkun Olam (other)","Etz Chaim (other)","AIDS Chaim (other)","Chuppah (other)","Ketubah (other)","Sheva B’rachot/Seven Blessings (other)","Mikvah (other)","Shabbat (other)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eRobin Shahar was interviewed by Adina Langer on May 23, 2023 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin Shahar was born on April 7, 1963, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Edward Brown and Bunny Berman Brown van Adelsberg. She has one brother, Scott, a half-sister Stephanie and a few stepsiblings. She grew up in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, a suburb outside of Philadelphia, in a Jewish neighborhood. Robin attended Tufts University in Boston. After graduating from college, she moved to Atlanta and later came out as a lesbian. She met her first wife; Fran Greenfield in Atlanta and they married in 1991 in a Jewish wedding ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin attended Emory University Law School as a Woodruff Fellow. During her second year of law school, she received a job offer from Georgia\u0026rsquo;s Attorney General\u0026rsquo;s Office. In 1991, she filed a lawsuit against the Attorney General\u0026rsquo;s Office after they withdrew the job offer when they learned she planned to marry a woman. The case known as Shahar v. Bowers was heard in federal district court, which ruled against her. On appeal to the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, a three-judge panel reversed the district court ruling. The state appealed that ruling and the full 11th circuit court of appeals ruled in favor of Bowers, stating Shahar\u0026rsquo;s termination did not violate her constitutional rights.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; In 1993, Robin went to work as an attorney for the city of Atlanta. During her time at the city, she wrote Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s domestic partnership ordinance, defended the affirmative action program, and later served as an advisor to the mayor on LGBT affairs. She retired from the city in 2019 and continues to work as an attorney focused on human rights issues.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin has been active for many decades at Congregation Bet Haverim, Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s first gay and lesbian synagogues. She served as the congregation vice president, worked with the education committee, and was involved with the AIDS support group. Robin and Fran are parents to two children, Eli and Rosie with their co-parents, Martin Coles and Jay Beard. In 2009, Robin and Fran divorced. Robin later married Pam Joy in 2016 and they continue to live in Atlanta.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; The interview begins with Robin sharing details about her family and growing up Jewish in Pennsylvania. She reflects on realizing she was a lesbian, her decision to come out, and some of the challenges she faced with her family when she told them. Robin shares meeting her first wife, Fran, and her encouraging Robin to attend law school. She recalls her impressions of Atlanta when she moved to the city in 1985. She discusses her experience working for the Jewish organization B\u0026rsquo;nai B\u0026rsquo;rith Youth Organization.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin shares her initial contact with Congregation Bet Haverim and meeting three of the four men who founded Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s first gay and lesbian synagogue. She spoke about some of her early memories of the early High Holidays and Pride seders at Bet Haverim. Robin discusses her leadership roles in the congregation when she first joined. She remembers the impact that the AIDS crisis had on the gay and lesbian community and how Bet Haverim worked to provide support to its members and others in the community. She details the difficulties the congregation had in being accepted and recognized by Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s Jewish communities and synagogues. She also details the impact this had on the members of Bet Haverim.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin talks about her and Fran's decision to have a Jewish commitment ceremony. She recounts the events of the weekend they got married at Table Rock State Park in South Carolina. She discusses the details that lead up to her getting a job offer from the Georgia Attorney General\u0026rsquo;s office and why they withdrew the offer once they realized she had indicated she was marrying a woman. Robin talks about deciding to sue the AG\u0026rsquo;s office and how she got the National ACLU involved in the case known as Shahar v. Bowers. She remembers the fear she and Fran felt from death threats that individuals made against them. However, she also recalls the emotional support she received from family and friends. She details how the lawsuit played out in federal district court and the court of appeals. Robin mentions that even though she lost the case, it was still a victory because the court acknowledged that Fran and her union were protected under the Constitution. She reflects on how marriage equality and other rights for the LGBT community have changed since she filed the suit and why she believes it has changed so quickly. She shares her concern about what is happening to the trans community currently.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; She discusses that she and Fran separated in 2009 and how she has since married Pam in a formal legal marriage ceremony that is recognized by the government. She mentions her son and daughter that she has with Fran, Martin Coles, and Jay Beard. Robin talks about their children being raised in the Bet Haverim community and how their experience in Hebrew school varied from hers. She discusses her involvement in the Hebrew school at Bet Haverim. She also reflects on the debate among members to open up Bet Haverim to straight couples and families. Robin recalls how Bet Haverim decided to join the Reconstructionists and some of the early rabbis before Rabbi Josh Lesser. She describes the importance of music for the congregation and talks about the decision to purchase their own synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Robin shares how she came to work as an attorney for the city of Atlanta. She discusses some of the memorable work she did during her time at the city. She spoke about her decision to retire from the city and focus more on human rights work. She mentions the work she did around the election of D.A. Deborah Gonzalez and her work with Atlanta\u0026rsquo;s Police Alternatives and Diversion Initiative. She reflects on the changes she has seen in the LGBTQ+ community and what role the LGBTQ identity has played in Bet Haverim. Robin ends the interview by sharing how she believes Bet Haverim can stay relevant in today\u0026rsquo;s world and if she feels it's gotten easier to be a lesbian and Jewish in society today.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/190/452/small/Shahar_Robin.mp4_1686517803.jpg?1686517812","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Shahar_Robin.mp4"]},"duration":6017.064,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/190/452/small/Shahar_Robin.mp4_1686517803.jpg?1686517812","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/190/452/original/Shahar_Robin.mp4?1686517782","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":6017.064,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Shahar, Robin [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LANGER: Today is May 23, 2023. My name is Adina Langer, a curator at the\nMuseum of History and Holocaust Education at Kennesaw State University. I'm here\ntoday at the Breman Museum with Robin Shahar, where we will be discussing her\nlaw career and her involvement with Atlanta's Congregation Bet Haverim. Let's\nstart. Can you please start by stating your full name?\n\nSHAHAR: Sure, Adina. First of all, thank you for having me. My full name is\nRobin Joy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shahar.\n\nLANGER: Do you agree to this interview?\n\nSHAHAR: I do.\n\nLANGER: Great. Can you please tell me when and where you were born?\n\nSHAHAR: I was born in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania], April 7, 1963, so I just\nturned 60.\n\nLANGER: What were your parents' names?\n\nSHAHAR: My mom is Bunny. My dad is Ed. Actually, my mom's legal name is Belle,\nbut she's always gone as Bunny. And my father's Edward.\n\nLANGER: Their last name?\n\nSHAHAR: Brown is my dad's last name. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the name I grew up with. My mom's\nmaiden name was Berman. It's now Van Adelsberg.\n\nLANGER: Did you have any siblings?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, I have one brother, Scott. Then I have a half-sister, Stephanie,\nand some step-siblings.\n\nLANGER: What was your neighborhood like growing up?\n\nSHAHAR: When I turned seven, we moved to Cheltenham [Pennsylvania], which is a\nsuburb outside of Philadelphia, and it was very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish. I remember at the point\nwhen we turned bar and bat mitzvah age, the non-Jews wanted to have a b'nai\nmitzvah because it was like, everybody was doing it. We had off for Rosh\nHaShannah and Yom Kippur. Where I grew up, I didn't have any notion that Jews\nwere a minority. We had a great public school that we belonged to. It was one of\nthe best ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the country for public school education. I went to public school all\nthe way through high school.\n\nLANGER: When you say it was a very Jewish neighborhood, were there different denominations?\n\nSHAHAR: Oh, yes. My mom has now moved into a condo where - it's not for senior\ncitizens, but mostly it's seniors. On that road, there are five synagogues . . .\nOrthodox, Reform, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Conservative, and now the Reconstructionist movement, the\ncollege is in Wyncote [Pennsylvania], which is part of Cheltenham. I believe\nthere are Reconstructionist shuls around there as well.\n\nLANGER: When you were growing up, was your family a member of a particular synagogue?\n\nSHAHAR: Rodeph Shalom, which is Reform.\n\nLANGER: Did this form of observance resonate with you?\n\nSHAHAR: I would say my Judaism is very important to me. It's interesting because\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform has a lot of English in the prayers. I went to Hebrew school. I was\nconfirmed. I had a bat mitzvah. To say, \"did it resonate with me,\" what I would\nsay is that the values that I identify from my Jewish upbringing continue to\nresonate with me. There are messages associated with Jewish holidays that I take\nto heart, not because I observe the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Torah, but because they have personal\nmeaning to me, and I think they have a lot of value.\n\nLANGER: During your childhood, your young adulthood, when did you realize that\nyou were gay?\n\nSHAHAR: Not until after college.\n\nLANGER: We'll talk more about that. But did you have a sense for whether that\npart of your identity would or could be welcomed in Judaism?\n\nSHAHAR: At the time that I came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out . . . I'm remarkably naive. I have a son now\nwho's about to turn 26. He's quite the pessimist. He would say he's a realist.\nI'm an optimist, and I have no shame about it. I always, it's like I would\nrather expect the best and be proven wrong. It really for me, what I understood\nin my head - there was no reason to not be accepted, let's put it that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way. I'm\nnot talking about the Orthodox movement, but amongst the Jews that I knew, I\nwasn't particularly . . . It was scary to come out, but I didn't think, \"Oh, my\ngoodness the Jewish religion is going to shun me.\" That did not cross my mind.\n\nLANGER: What made you feel ready to come out?\n\nSHAHAR: I fell in love with a woman. It's funny because the first, I guess I was\na junior in college, and I was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"London for my first semester of school. I fell\nin love with someone that I was there with. I remember [that] I was also there\nwith my best friend from high school. I went to Tufts. She went to Harvard. We\nhung out in college, too. Now we were both in London together. The woman that I\nhad fallen in love with went back home; it was the end of the semester. I was\ntalking to my best friend Carol, and I said, \"My heart hurts now that she's\nleft. I don't understand why.\" I just didn't have a name for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. It wasn't\nreally until a couple of years later that it was like, \"Oh, I'm attracted to\nwomen.\" Sounds pretty naive, but anyway, so it took me until the year after\ncollege when I fell in love with a woman. Then it felt important for me to come\nout because she was on my mind, and I don't like secrets. I don't believe in\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lying. I think I came out to my mother probably pretty early on. I actually went\nto a support group about how to come out. Everyone in that group had been with\nwomen. I had never actually been with a woman. It was sort of odd in that way.\nIt was like I was trying to figure out how to come out before I was really\ndating anyone, but it was helpful.\n\nLANGER: This was the late 1970s?\n\nSHAHAR: Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no. It was about 1985, 1986. I graduated college in 1985.\n\nLANGER: You graduated college. You graduated from Tufts?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: What attracted you to the study of law?\n\nSHAHAR: First of all, let me think for a second. I was going to say something\nabout Atlanta, 1985. I moved down here in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1985. My first female partner and the\nwoman I ended up marrying was Fran. We met at Charis Bookstore, which is a\nfeminist bookstore in Atlanta, and they were having their winter solstice party.\nOne of my . . . Oh, I know what I was going to say. I worked for B'nai B'rith\nYouth Organization [BBYO]. Actually coming out there, it was very interesting in\nterms of coming out there, but that's another story. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, I was struggling\nwith coming out and one of my colleagues said, \"Oh, Charis Bookstore is having a\nwinter solstice party, you should go.\" I went and I met Fran. Our first\ndiscussion was actually an argument because I was applying to go to social work\nschool in Philadelphia, where my family was from. She's like, \"Why do you want\nto go to social work school?\" I said, \"Well, I really want to impact change in\nsociety.\" She said, \"Then you should go to law school. Social workers don't get\nrespect. You should go to law ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school.\" Anyway, ultimately, I think I ended up\nfeeling like, yes, I could make more change as a lawyer. That's what drew me to\nlaw school.\n\nLANGER: Hold that thought for a second. I realize we didn't talk . . . you said\nyou talked to your mother. You came out to your mother. How did the conversation\ngo? How was your family when this became part of what they knew about you and\nyou knew?\n\nSHAHAR: My mom cried. I think she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't necessarily believe that I was a\nlesbian. My grandmother, my mom's mom was very funny because she used to always\nsay, \"I believe you're hetero.\" It was years down the road when I understood\nthat when she said hetero, she actually meant bisexual. It was like, \"Ooh.\" My\ndad, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he didn't really . . . no one was terrible. No one was like, \"Oh, we're\ngoing to disown you,\" except for, my mom remarried and my stepfather did. [He]\nwanted nothing to do with me. But the rest of my family, sort of extended\nfamily, some had a lot of trouble. But my parents were okay. Then I know we'll\ntalk about our lawsuit [Shahar vs. Bowers], but when the lawsuit broke, I think\nfor my mother, that was a turning point. It was like - Oh, I'm going to fully\nsupport her. This ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a big deal.\n\nLANGER: Great. Thank you for telling me more about that. Kind of coming back\naround to wanting to make a difference and studying law. How did you decide on Emory?\n\nSHAHAR: I was in Atlanta. Pam and I-- oh my g-d, Pam's my new spouse; that's\nterrible. Okay, sorry. Fran and I were together. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We started dating shortly after\nwe met at Charis Bookstore. She was at Georgia State getting her Ph.D. in\npsychology. I wanted to be in the same city. Emory and Georgia State both had\nexcellent law school programs. I applied to get a Woodruff Fellowship with Emory\nand received one. That was quite an honor. So yes, I went to Emory Law School as\na Woodruff ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fellow.\n\nLANGER: Tell me about your impressions of Atlanta in 1985. What was it like?\n\nSHAHAR: I moved down here with a roommate of mine from Tufts. We picked Atlanta\nbecause it was warm, and it was young, and a place where women could get jobs.\nThat's what it felt like. Identifying as straight at the time, there were places\nto go dance and hang ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out. We lived up in Vinings [Georgia], so sort of a bit\nnorthwest. It was friendly. That was for me, it was like the weather, and could\nwomen get jobs here, and was it friendly? That's how it was. I wasn't really a\ndeep thinker at that time.\n\nLANGER: How did you know women could get jobs? Did you just know that there were\nwomen with good jobs?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, we researched it.\n\nLANGER: Were you interested in exploring Atlanta's Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community?\n\nSHAHAR: I'm going to guess because I don't have a clear memory that I probably\nwould have gone to synagogue for the High Holidays[RS1]. But other than that, in\nmy early twenties, I don't believe that I would have been involved in the Jewish\ncommunity. What am I saying? I worked for B'nai B'rith Youth Organization. I was\nvery involved in the Jewish community. When I came down here and I applied for a\njob, I ended up getting a job as the Program Director for BBYO. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I worked there\nfor two years. I was very involved with the Jewish community. But not, again, in\na religious sense. But in terms of . . . I worked with the boys and oversaw\ntheir whole part of BBYO, which was very much about . . . in fact, Rabbi Josh\n[Lesser] was one of the kids I worked with when he was a kid-- [I] worked with\nthem on leadership skills and religious [stuff], they had to put together\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"services. It was a great out-of-school first job.\n\nLANGER: B'nai B'rith Youth Organization, is it affiliated with any particular denomination?\n\nSHAHAR: If I had to guess, I'd say Reform, but I'm not sure.\n\nLANGER: From that angle, but not necessarily looking religiously at the time,\nwhat were your impressions of the Jewish community in Atlanta?\n\nSHAHAR: From BBYO's perspective?\n\nLANGER: Just from your perspective, you're working for a Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organization,\nbut . . .\n\nSHAHAR: It's very interesting. When you say that, what comes to mind is, for me,\ncoming out. But even before coming out, just being a feminist. I worked with the\nboys. We would have conventions, where we would go for a weekend or a long\nweekend. They [the boys] would put together all the programming. Once I helped\nthem with all the preparations, it was really theirs. I would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oversee it. We\nwent to a convention, and I found out that the boys had put together,\nunbeknownst to me, a calendar. I think it had some of the BBYO girls, and it was\ninappropriate. They also had, something happened there where they had like a\nstuffed animal. They basically pulled the stuffing out of the stuffed animal in\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a way that appeared to be sexual aggression. It was a stuffed animal, but it was\nalarming. For the boys who had put together . . . I addressed the stuffed\nanimal; but for the boys who put together the calendar, I suspended them from\nthe next convention, in discussion with and approval of the head of BBYO in\nAtlanta, who oversaw the boys and the girls, and also the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"woman who oversaw the\ngirls' part. It was a decision by the three of us. The backlash was incredible.\n\"Boys will be boys. How can you punish them?\" And I held my ground. But it was\nfascinating because I think a lot of the families I dealt with really hadn't\ndealt with consequences for their kids. That was sort ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of interesting, because\nbefore that everything was very easy. The people that I was working with were\nsimilar to the people I grew up with. They were upper middle-class Jewish\nfamilies who went to good schools. That was easy. But when this happened, it was\npretty startling. Then when I left [BBYO], right before I left, I was already\ncoming out. Can I keep telling the story? I was already coming out, but not to\nthe kids. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But maybe I was dating Fran at that point. The head of the board of\nBBYO came and he sat down with me, and he basically said, \"Oh, you know, people\nare talking.\" I said, \"Oh, what are they saying?\" He said, \"Some people think\nyou're rather butch.\" I said, \"Oh, that's what my girlfriend says.\" I just\nlaughed. It was like, he didn't know if I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was [serious]. I just wasn't going to\ngive him anything on it. I guess a couple months later, I decided I was going to\ngo to law school. I left BBYO, and the person who was running the girls division\n- for a convention - did a program on being a lesbian. She invited me to come\nspeak, and the kids knew me. What was fascinating is, according to her, the\nparents were okay with the topic of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lesbianism at the convention, but didn't\nwant me speaking at it because they [the kids] knew me. They didn't want someone\nwho had been a role model [to the kids] to be speaking to them about it, which I\nfound very fascinating. I don't know if that's the answer to your question, but.\n\nLANGER: It's a good answer. I feel like it touches on these threads of where\npeople are comfortable but where aren't they comfortable?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Moving forward a little ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bit or maybe simultaneously. How did you find\nout about Congregation Bet Haverim?\n\nSHAHAR: I'm sure that Fran is the one that told me about it. Because we got\ntogether, and I think we went to Bet Haverim within a month of meeting each\nother. She was much more religiously observant. She grew up in a kosher home,\nConservative. We went to a service which at that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time was at the Friends Meeting\nHouse, the old Friends Meeting House, sort of close to Little Five Points. It\nwas just a home.\n\nLANGER: What were your first impressions of the community?\n\nSHAHAR: I really liked it. It was just very friendly. It was small, and it was a\nhouse of friends. That's what Bet Harverim is. It was meaningful.\n\nLANGER: Do you remember meeting any of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the four men who had the idea to start\nthis? I want to make sure I'm speaking their names correctly.\n\nSHAHAR: Gary Piccola.\n\nLANGER: Gary Piccola, Robert Needle, Michael Clark, Tom Levene.\n\nSHAHAR: Everyone but Michael Clark. Not on that first visit, but over time yes.\nOf course Gary Piccola had a huge presence. Gary, to me, was the leader ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the\nsynagogue. What's interesting about Gary and what he has left behind is that\nGary had a beautiful singing voice. I think that's what drew people to Bet\nHaverim. What's fascinating is that decades later, it is still our music. I\ndon't know that Gary would have ever foreseen that, but his legacy has remained\nin that way.\n\nLANGER: That's such a lovely thing to know. Did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you attend any of the early\nPassover seders or Pride seders or High Holidays? You can talk about any you [attended].\n\nSHAHAR: Definitely High Holidays. I may have done Passover, but, and I'm sure\nprobably Pride. But the High Holiday services were amazing. I don't think, I'd\nnever been to High Holiday services like the ones we had at Bet Haverim. Sharon\nKleinbaum came in as our visiting rabbi, and there were maybe 100, 120 of us. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\nthink that the most powerful . . . first of all, we would always start out by\nmeeting people around us. I could go more into that. But the thing that stood\nout the most was at Yom Kippur, each of us would take two cards and write one\nchet on each, a way that we had missed the mark. Sharon . . . we didn't beat our\nchests. We acknowledged our missing of the mark with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kindness. We would write\none missing of the mark that we had done upon ourselves, and one upon the\ncommunity. We would pass around a big pot, stir it around, and everyone stood in\na circle. Everyone picked out two. We would read them out loud. Bet Haverim does\nsomething similar now, but there's so many of us that people are standing up at\nthe front and reading into the microphone. This is like, we're in a circle and\nwe're looking at each other. We're saying this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're looking around and\nthinking, \"Oh my goodness, these are what people are struggling with.\" It was\nincredibly powerful. Then at Havdalah, we burn them all. I have goosebumps\nthinking about it. There were . . . it was small enough to just have so much\nimpact. Sharon was such a great leader and so insightful that our High Holidays\n-- and Gary's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voice - you put those two together, it's like, whoa, there's just\nnothing like it.\n\nLANGER: Even at that time, was there a policy to not charge for tickets or to\nhave open High Holiday services?\n\nSHAHAR: I don't think we charged for anything. We were, most people were very\ncloseted. Our phone directory had first names and a last initial. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even that was\nsworn to secrecy. So the idea of . . . I don't think people would want to do\nanything but pay in cash. It was just so, people weren't out. It was not a safe\ntime to be out.\n\nLANGER: Were you drawn early on to any kind of a leadership role?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, right away. Probably next time we had elections I believe, or maybe\neven before then. I served as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the chair of the Tzedakah Committee. We were doing\ntzedakah. I don't like the word charity, but good acts to help society, tikkun\nolam .\n\nLANGER: At that time, what was your conception of what that should be?\n\nSHAHAR: I think the big thing we worked on when I first started were homeless\nshelters. I think The Temple had a homeless shelter that we staffed, and we\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"staffed Shearith Israel that was for women. We would cook and spend the night.\nWe had a lot of volunteers that would do that. What came up and I don't remember\nwhen - I'm trying to think. The AIDS [Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome]\nepidemic- it was probably pretty quickly after that, that our community started\ndealing with AIDS. So as the chair of the Tzedakah ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Committee, I started - along\nwith my spouse Fran, who was getting her Ph.D. in psychology - a support group\nfor people with AIDS, and families who had family members who had AIDS. There\nwas nothing in the Jewish community at that time that gave any kind of support\nfor families dealing with AIDS. Even at funerals, it was not uncommon for it not\nto be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mentioned when someone died of AIDS that, that's what they died of. We had\na weekly support group through Bet Haverim, through the Tzedakah Committee, that\nI think meant a lot to the people who joined.\n\nLANGER: It's amazing. That was kind of my next question but backtracking just a\ntiny bit. Do you remember when you first learned about HIV [Human\nImmunodeficiency Virus] and AIDS?\n\nSHAHAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have little flashes of memories. It was sort of like, knowing gay men\nat the time. It was all gay men that I knew that had AIDS. At the point I found\nout they had AIDS, it wasn't HIV. They had full-blown AIDS. It's sort of like,\nif you know a bunch of people, and it's like (Shahar pointing), \"Oh, yeah -\nthere, and there, and there, and there.\" It's like people start popping up [all\nover], that [you think], \"Oh my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"God, they have AIDS.\" At the time that was a\ndeath sentence. It was just a matter of how long.\n\nLANGER: I guess right at that point did you already have a sense of how it was\ngoing to affect this community that you were now a part of?\n\nSHAHAR: Not initially. We were figuring out what it was. I think finding out\nthat Gary [Piccola] had AIDS, then Gary ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dying of AIDS was a really big deal. He\nwas our leader. That was probably just a shock into serious reality of what was\ngoing on.\n\nLANGER: What was the timeline on that? Do you remember?\n\nSHAHAR: I don't remember. It would have had to have been late 1980s because I\njoined like in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1985, 1986. It would have to have been maybe a year. I don't\nremember. Do you know when Gary died?\n\nLANGER: I think it was 1989 or 1990, around then.\n\nSHAHAR: Late 1980s.\n\nLANGER: You mentioned the support group. Did you come up with the name AIDS\nChaim right at the beginning?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Tell me about that.\n\nSHAHAR: Because it's a play on etz chaim, which is [Hebrew for] tree (etz,\npronounced like eights) of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life (chaim). This was living with AIDS, AIDS Chaim.\nIt was the notion of being alive with AIDS or with family members who had AIDS.\n\nLANGER: What kinds of resources did you help connect people with?\n\nSHAHAR: Support that they needed. Then the weekly support, like physical tasks\nthat they needed, and then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emotional support through the weekly support group.\n\nLANGER: Did you connect with any members of the medical community around this?\n\nSHAHAR: No.\n\nLANGER: It was kind of a completely separate. Did any of the rabbis, visiting\nrabbis, were they involved or was it really community kind of bottom up?\n\nSHAHAR: At that time, our visiting rabbis visited for High Holidays. If I recall\ncorrectly, it wasn't like we had someone available to us ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year-round, and we\ndefinitely did not feel support from the Jewish community in general. We were\noff to the side and did not . . . they didn't want to . . . I could tell you a\nstory about that too. They did not want to deal with us. No, there was no\nsupport there.\n\nLANGER: Tell me more about that.\n\nSHAHAR: I was vice president twice, but the first time I was vice president,\nBetsy Golden was our president.\n\nLANGER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Excuse me. I apologize. I'm just going to take a quick drink of water.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, of course.\n\nLANGER: Sorry to interrupt you. It's a little dry in here.\n\nSHAHAR: Are you okay?\n\nLANGER: It's a persistent tickle. I am just going to step out for a second.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, absolutely.\n\nLANGER: Betsy Golden, you said was the president.\n\nSHAHAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Betsy Golden, I think lives in California now. Let me just say that I\nmay jumble things together timewise just because it's so long ago. Betsy is just\nthis remarkable woman. She really was one of those people who believed that you\nlive simply so people can simply live. She was very understated and soft-spoken\nand gentle and mentally brilliant. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We wanted Bet Haverim to become part of the\nSynagogue Council at the time. For the Synagogue Council, the members were the\npresident and I think the rabbi [of synagogues in the greater Atlanta area]. Of\ncourse, we didn't have a rabbi. We asked to be placed on the [Synagogue Council]\nagenda to make our case. The first issue was they refused to place us on the\nagenda. They wouldn't even let us talk. Betsy and I decided that we were going\nto go out to the meeting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anyway, and we were going to, in front of everyone, ask\nto speak. That's what we did. Betsy spoke just so eloquently and from her\nheart--but also very smart and powerful. We ended up speaking. One of the rabbis\ncame to us afterwards. They didn't vote on anything, but one of the rabbis came\nto us and basically said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"If you want to be part of the Synagogue Council, you\nneed to change your byline from 'Bet Haverim, a Gay and Lesbian Synagogue' to\n'Bet Haverim'\" . . . I think they were suggesting \"a Synagogue Serving the Gay\nand Lesbian Community,\" I think is what they were saying was okay. Sharon\nKleinbaum came in, I'm pretty sure, and we had a meeting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in someone's home. I am\nnot going to say whose home it was, because I think the person was very closeted\nand I think may still be. But I remember sitting in her, she had a big house,\nsitting in a circle. It was very emotional. I remember one person in particular\ncrying and saying, \"Being proudly lesbian and gay gives me life. If we take a\nstep back from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, it is so painful, I can't remain part of this synagogue.\"\nThere were others who were like, \"We need to become more recognized in the\nJewish community, and changing our byline to 'serving the gay and lesbian\ncommunity' is still embracing gay and lesbian.\" We voted to change the tagline\nand we lost members, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Synagogue Council voted not to accept us. It was\npainful. It shed poor light upon the larger Jewish community. It amazed me as a\nyoung lesbian how Jews could not translate their own ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience of\ndiscrimination to understand that discrimination is discrimination, no matter\nwho it pertains to. I mentioned my stepfather who wanted nothing to do with me.\nHe was a child in Amsterdam during the Holocaust. He hid, he survived. His\nparents died. It was like, how do you not get that essentially disowning me,\nit's discrimination. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's dangerous. The Jewish community, I was really\ndisappointed in, broadly speaking. But many of the members of the Jewish\ncommunity, including people with authority, I thought, did not rise to the\nvalues that I would have expected of them.\n\nLANGER: Going back to AIDS Chaim and some of the work that you were doing. Was\nthere ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then a sense that anything that you want to happen, you have to do it yourself?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes. Absolutely. The Jewish community was not going to start a support\ngroup for people with AIDS or their families, even though members of their\nsynagogues were dealing with that. No, we needed to do it.\n\nLANGER: You mentioned the challenges, the problem of funerals and burial. How\ndid you address that or was that something that was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"possible to address?\n\nSHAHAR: It was not. That would have been beyond our capabilities at that point.\nAgain, people were not out. To say, \"What would you do about that?\" We didn't\nhave much ability to make change that broad. To go into a funeral and say-- we\nwouldn't. It would be disrespectful to the family. We didn't want to do that.\n\nLANGER: Right. It seems like it was a balancing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"act.\n\nSHAHAR: We could do our own recognition, but we would never, I would never\nsupport interfering with a family's grieving process.\n\nLANGER: We'll come back to CBH [Congregation Bet Haverim] evolution and the\nrelationship with the larger Jewish community. But I wanted to spend a little\ntime talking about Shahar v. Bowers. You mentioned how you and Fran met.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Do you mind ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just saying what her full name was at that time?\n\nSHAHAR: Her full name was Francine Myrna Greenfield.\n\nLANGER: What made you decide that the time was right to have a Jewish commitment ceremony?\n\nSHAHAR: We were very Jewish identified. We were very involved with Bet Haverim.\nWe'd been together for four and a half years at the time that we got married.\nSo, figure we started planning about a year before ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. We wanted to make a\nlifetime commitment. We wanted to have kids. We obviously knew that this was not\nsomething we could do under Georgia law. But I don't know if, I think we felt .\n. . we must have talked to Rabbi Sharon Kleinbaum about it. Perhaps there were,\nwe were her first lesbian/gay wedding. I think ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some must have been starting at\nthe time, I'm not really sure. But she was willing to do it. We had a very\ntraditional, we had the chuppah, we had the ketubah, we had stepping on the\nglass. The only difference really was like for the seven blessings, instead of\nsaying husband and wife, it was partner and partner or spouse and spouse,\nsomething along those lines.\n\nLANGER: In your mind, how is this the same or different from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"marriage as you\nunderstood it before?\n\nSHAHAR: It was no different. We had a Jewish marriage license. We had our ketubah.\n\nLANGER: You mentioned that this was not legal in Georgia at the time. What were\nthe laws like in Georgia around same sex relationships?\n\nSHAHAR: Sodomy was outlawed. It was outlawed for heterosexuals as well. Marriage\njust wasn't recognized. It wasn't illegal. It just wasn't recognized. We weren't\nasking for any kind ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of state or other legal recognition. We weren't filing taxes\ntogether, anything like that. It was just recognized within our Jewish religion.\n\nLANGER: Tell me more about the wedding. Rabbi Sharon Kleinbaum officiated.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Where did you have it?\n\nSHAHAR: We had it at Table Rock State Park. It was a weekend affair. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had\npeople come up on Friday and the wedding itself was Sunday. We had a Shabbat\nservice Friday night. We had a small Shabbat service Saturday morning. Table\nRock is in South Carolina, and there are really pretty trails and a lake.\nBasically, Saturday afternoon people played. Fran and I did separately a mikvah\nusing the lake, Saturday night late. Then it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"poured Saturday night. Ah, it\npoured. That was hard; we were all in tents. Our family . . . we had rented . .\n. it was like a lottery system for cabins. We ended up getting like three\ncabins. We put our family members in the cabins. But then Sunday morning, it\ncleared up and we had the ceremony outdoors. Then we rented a big hall there at\nTable Rock and had a DJ and a catered event ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and party. It was great. We invited\neveryone from Bet Haverim. They didn't all come, but we had probably 100 guests\nand many from Bet Haverim. Our parents came. Frances, the woman who really\nraised me, came. She at that point was easily in her 70s, and some very close\nfriends came. It was beautiful.\n\nLANGER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It sounds wonderful. Then tell me what happened with the Georgia\nAttorney General's office.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes. You want me to explain that?\n\nLANGER: Yes\n\nSHAHAR: I have to rewind, like go back a little bit. I graduated from law school\nin 1991. I wanted to be a criminal ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prosecutor. It's very common for law school\nstudents to get a job after their second year of law school and be offered a job\n- to get a summer internship/ summer job, and if that employer likes you they'll\noften offer you a job for when you graduate. Law school is three years after\n[which] you graduate. I worked at the attorney general's [AG] office my second\nsummer, and they offered me a job [for after I graduate], and I accepted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it.\nWhen I worked there during the summer, I was doing criminal appeals. I was\ngaining knowledge in the area of criminal prosecution but on the appeal level. I\nwanted to be a trial lawyer. I really wanted to be in the courtroom. When it\ncame time to fill out the forms after accepting the job, there was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"section on\nconflicts of interest. Fran was a student at Georgia State University, and she\nwas teaching there, and I was working for the state of Georgia. It said, \"Do you\nhave any family employed by the state of Georgia?\" I thought about it and I\nthought, okay, this is where I'm going to work. I'm not going to walk into this\nlying. So, I put down Fran's name. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"put fiancée. We had a date planned and\nthat sort of thing. That was that. Some months later, I don't know how, trying\nto think. Somehow the attorney general's office found out. It wasn't like I was\nhiding it, but somehow it sort of percolated up to the top, and they looked at\nthe form and they said, \"Oh.\" They called Georgia State to see ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if Fran was a\nwoman. I said, Francine [on the form], right. [They] confirmed. I got called\ninto the AG's office, and they handed me a letter signed by Mike Bowers saying\nthat they were withdrawing my job offer because of my marriage to another woman,\nand to not do so would be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tacit approval. I asked to speak with Mr. Bowers, and\nthey refused, and I left. That was about two weeks before our wedding ceremony.\nWhen we went up for the wedding, I had to just put it away, which I did. We had\na great . . . somehow, I was just like, I'm not dealing with this now. At the\ntime I was distraught, but I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was darned if they were going to mess up what was\nso important to me. It was, that's what led to my filing suit [Shahar v. Bowers].\n\nLANGER: You said Mike Bowers, what was his position exactly?\n\nSHAHAR: He was the Attorney General for the state of Georgia. He was also the\nBowers from Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court\nruled - and has since been ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"overturned - I want to word it the right way, that it\nwas lawful for governments to outlaw sodomy. This [Bowers v. Hardwick case] was\na challenge to sodomy laws saying they were unconstitutional, and that challenge\nlost. Sodomy laws remained on the books. Mike Bowers was defending the laws, and\nmany people were like, \"Well, why would you go to work for him?\" What was\ninteresting is when I met Mr. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bowers that summer that I worked there, he talked\nabout honesty and integrity. It was like, look, I don't like that case at all\nobviously, it's horrible. But that's the case that fell in his lap. I'm going to\nlive my life honestly. If he'll accept me for who I am, this is the kind of work\nthat I want to do. Naively I figured it would be fine. I graduated sixth in my\nclass. I was a Woodruff Fellow. It's like I've proven that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am a good worker.\nHe's seen me, and I thought it was okay. I was wrong.\n\nLANGER: How did you make the decision to sue?\n\nSHAHAR: I knew right off the bat that I was going to challenge this. It was in\nwriting. l credit him for being honest. He didn't give some excuse. It was like,\n\"Yeah, you're marrying ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a woman. We're not having you.\" I called the ACLU\n[American Civil Liberties Union] of Georgia, I called Lambda Legal, and it was\ngoing nowhere. What was interesting- I knew I had a good suit. Lambda told me,\n\"You have no suit. Employees have no rights in Georgia. It's an at-will state.\"\nI was like, \"Yeah, but there are constitutional protections.\" What ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ended up\nhappening is the national ACLU has a Gay and Lesbian Rights Project. Bill\nRubenstein was the head of the project at the time. I had placed a call. There\nwas like a message for him to call me. This was after the wedding but before we\nleft for Greece, because we went to Greece for a month for our honeymoon. In\nthat short window, Bill was coming to Atlanta for a Bar conference. He saw my\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"number with the Atlanta area code and he thought I was calling about picking him\nup at the airport. So he called me. I said, \"I really appreciate your call.\" I\nstarted to tell him what had happened. He's like, \"Wait a second, wait a second.\nI thought you were picking me up at the airport.\" I was like, \"Oh, no.\" But I\nhad told him enough that he was like, \"But I want to meet for lunch.\" We met for\nlunch, and I laid it all out. I had the letter that Bowers had provided me. He\nwas like, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Okay, we need to clear it with the Georgia ACLU, which I think won't\nbe a problem. But go to Greece. When you come back, I'll have a definite answer\nfor you.\" When I came back, it was like, \"Yes, the national ACLU will represent\nyou.\" Which is good because you can't, to me, I wasn't going to just walk away.\nI didn't want to just walk away when he [Bowers] was saying, \"It doesn't matter\nwhat kind of employee you are, you're a lesbian. No . . . You're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not welcome\nhere.\" But anyway, I felt a personal need to challenge that.\n\nLANGER: How does this affect your daily life after the case started moving\nthrough the court?\n\nSHAHAR: My mom and Fran's mom begged us not to file this suit. It was scary.\nYears before . . . when Coming Out ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Day started . . . the first time there was a\nComing Out Day there was a full-page ad in the AJC [Atlanta\nJournal-Constitution], and Fran and I put our names in there. We got a death\nthreat. We got a horrible death threat on our phone. This was just like, okay\nthis is dangerous. We were aware of that. We were scared. Yes, we were scared.\n\nLANGER: Did you feel like you had anyone you could turn to for protection at\nthat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time?\n\nSHAHAR: Physical protection?\n\nLANGER: Any kind of protection?\n\nSHAHAR: We had a lot of emotional support. Tons of emotional support. Physical\n[protection] . . . you're out in the world. But I will say, I had people run up\nto me, but it was always to say thank you, or I mean just positive, beautiful\ncomments. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never had someone to my face intimidate me or say something disrespectful.\n\nLANGER: What ended up happening with the case?\n\nSHAHAR: It was filed in the federal court system and in the district court,\nwhich is the first level. We lost ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on summary judgment. It didn't go to trial. We\nfiled briefs and the attorney general's office filed a brief saying this case\nshould be dismissed because there's no . . . under the law, [Shahar] can't win.\nBut the loss was painted as a victory because, as part of this decision, the\ndistrict court judge ruled that gay and lesbian marriages are protected under\nthe constitution - our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relationships. I don't think they called it marriage; our\nunion was protected under the constitution. That was part of what the judge\ndecided. Even though he ended up saying [that], even with that [constitutional\nprotection] they [the AG] could fire her, that piece of that decision was\nenormous. I think even the AJC reported it as a victory. We appealed [to] the\n11th Circuit Court of Appeals. But that piece of it was huge. We had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our panel\nof three judges at the 11th Circuit. For me, it was just incredible because the\nhearing . . . I just remember distinctly that there were two males and a female\non the court, and the female judge was disrespectful. She ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like pursed her lips,\nit was like \"marriage\" (Shahar uses sardonic tone). It was hard. Then somewhere\nbetween that hearing and her decision, she must have gotten educated in some way\nbecause she wrote the most beautiful opinion. I was like, \"Oh my G-d.\" She\ntalked about our marriage and what it was and why it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"protected. We won. The\nthree judges, the three judges unanimously ruled in our favor. They each wrote\ntheir own opinion. They all found that the relationship was protected under the\nConstitution. The two men wrote that under the First Amendment, there was a\nstrict scrutiny standard. The state had to show a compelling interest for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why it\nwas okay, why it had to fire me. The female judge, I believe, actually wrote the\nright opinion where she said it's a balance test because it's an employment\nsituation. This is not out in a park or it's not . . . I am a First Amendment\nlawyer, so if I'm losing you anywhere [just let me know] . . . She said you have\nto do a balance test. It's protected under the Constitution. The marriage is\nprotected under the First Amendment. Now you have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to weigh the interests of the\nemployer against the interests of the employee. In this case, the interests of\nthe employee weigh out because all that the employer is talking about is\nbasically discrimination. That doesn't hold up when you do a balance test. They\nruled in my favor. One of my lawyers at the time . . . the decision was, it was\ngroundbreaking. It was like, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"whoa.\" One of my lawyers was like, \"It's too good.\nSociety's not ready for this.\" Sure enough, the 11th Circuit en banc, which is\nthe full court - I think there were 11 or 12 judges - decided to rehear the\ncase, and we lost. The decision was horrible. Eight judges [in the majority],\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"four dissented from the majority. The primary opinion basically said that the\ncase that it relied on to say it was okay to fire me was a case where a\nsheriff's deputy was an open member of the Ku Klux Klan. Because it was okay for\nthe sheriff's office to fire ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him, it was okay for the attorney general's office\nto fire me. That was just really . . . I still . . . don't really have words for\nthat. We appealed to the Supreme Court. [The] Supreme Court did not take the\nappeal, which I think was a good thing. I really didn't want them to take it\nbecause I was afraid of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was on it [the Court]. But I could not just let that\n[en banc decision] go [unchallenged].\n\nLANGER: Since that time, what's your impression of the evolution of law on the\nquestion of gay marriage and marriage equality and discrimination?\n\nSHAHAR: It's a really interesting question. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For gay men and lesbians, the law\nhas evolved so quickly. It's pretty remarkable. It is. It's remarkable. The fact\nthat our marriages have been given constitutional protection. The Bostock case\nwhich said, in employment situations under Title ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"VII, employers, most employers\ncan't discriminate based on sexual orientation and gender identity. That's even\nbigger than Obergefell, the marriage case. That touches so many people, to be\nprotected in their workplace because they're gay, lesbian, or trans. That's just\nlike . . . that happened. When you compare that to racial equality, gender\nequality. It's so fast. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Honestly, in my opinion, it's because most of the people\nfighting for LGBT rights are white men with money and power. They are in the\ncircles of politicians and judges. They have a whole lot more weight. It is not\npolitically prudent at this point for politicians to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"homophobic. Now trans\nissues, that's a whole different story. Frankly, for Title VII employment, I\nthink for trans people, it's the one way they've gotten a break . . . because\nthey were associated, they were put together with sexual orientation under Title\nVII and they got included. Frankly, their case was stronger to me under Title\nVII in terms of what qualifies as \"sex\" [under Title VII] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than for gay men and\nlesbians. But for Title VII, for trans folks, that's huge. But otherwise, the\ndiscrimination faced by the trans community is just horrific. Violence, murder,\nemployment discrimination. Maybe that's [employment discrimination] gotten\nbetter at this point. But it is completely different, at least in cities like\nAtlanta, from being gay and lesbian. So yes, in terms ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of evolution of rights in\ngeneral, great for gay men and lesbians. For trans - employment, they got a good\nwin. But in general, well, you could see it going across the country. The\ndiscrimination against trans folks is heartbreaking.\n\nLANGER: In terms of the constitutional underpinnings for all of these ideas, do\nyou feel . . . there should be similar ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"protections for the trans community?\n\nSHAHAR: Oh, well.\n\nLANGER: I know that maybe that's a little off topic.\n\nSHAHAR: No, it's not off topic. I'm just trying to think about . . . when you're\ntalking about the Constitution, you're talking about very specific\ncircumstances, right, because a case comes to the court within a set of facts.\nEmployment - that goes before the court and the court says equal treatment. I\ndon't know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you're going to . . . I'm just thinking about. . . Let's talk\nabout books for a second. I think the classroom \"don't say gay\" laws, I think\nbook banning, I think those are First Amendment violations.\n\nLANGER: In then thinking about those and also the bans on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drag performances . . .\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, I think they're unconstitutional.\n\nLANGER: Interesting. Thinking just about marriage for a moment. I had learned\nyou and Fran divorced in 2009.\n\nSHAHAR: We did. Yes, we separated in 2009. We signed a get a few years, a couple\nof years after that.\n\nLANGER: Then you remarried?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: When you remarried, was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that after Obergefell v. Hodges?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Was there a sense that it was any different at that time because the law\nhad changed?\n\nSHAHAR: I didn't think it would, but yes. After Obergefell, the marriage\nequality decision by the US Supreme Court ruling came down, Pam and I decided to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have a wedding, a formal legal marriage. It kind of blew me away. I can't really\ndescribe why except to say that . . . I don't know. . . For decades, I never\nthought that a lesbian marriage would have a legal document associated with it,\nand that we would be recognized under the law the way every other marriage is,\nor straight marriages ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are. It remains an adjustment, but it's a powerful adjustment.\n\nLANGER: You have a son.\n\nSHAHAR: And a daughter.\n\nLANGER: And a daughter. Were those with Fran?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: What has that experience in terms of step-parenthood with your spouse\nnow, or how has that related to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the . . .\n\nSHAHAR: My kids have two moms and two dads. We are an unusual family in that\nway. At the time that our kids were born, I think having gay or lesbian, just\ntwo parents was unusual, let alone four. Their dads are married as well. They've\nprobably been married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for almost 30 years. We have had to work out . . . divorce\nis hard. It's painful. It's painful with two, it's painful with four. Working\nthat out was a challenge.\n\nLANGER: Your children. How old are they now?\n\nSHAHAR: My son is 26. He'll be 26 next month. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daughter just turned 23.\n\nLANGER: Do you want to say what their names are?\n\nSHAHAR: Sure. Eli and Rosie. They are like [Shahar puts her hand on her heart].\nYou can tell . . . I didn't know my heart could be that big before I had kids.\n\nLANGER: Before we talk more about your law career after this case and\neverything. Going back into Bet ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Haverim. Were they raised in the Bet Haverim community?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes they were, which was great. One thing that all four parents agreed\nupon was that we wanted our kids to be in communities where being gay or\nlesbian, having gay parents was a non-issue. Bet Haverim was certainly a place\nfor that. Josh, our rabbi, is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gay. . . was our rabbi . . . is gay. The Hebrew\nSchool, it was feminist. Some kids had gay parents. Probably most kids had\nstraight parents. The really cool thing about Bet Haverim as we moved along was\n- maybe it was just me - but I didn't know who was gay or straight unless they\nwere there with a partner. It just felt like a non-issue. People were just\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. The Hebrew School, I didn't know . . . people would come with one parent\n. . . it didn't matter. But what mattered was that my kids were having, that\ntheir Jewish education had a foundation of equality. I'm going to say one other\nthing about Bet Haverim Hebrew School which is off topic but important to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me.\nBecause we're sitting here in the Holocaust Museum. When I grew up, I went to\nHebrew School. I was immersed in Holocaust education from an early age. The\nimages and just the history. At the Hebrew School at Bet Haverim- at least when\nmy kids were there ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Amy Robertson, who was the head of the school at the time,\ntalked about that when we do Holocaust education, first of all it needs to be\ncontained. Second of all, it needs to be rooted in talking about Jewish courage.\nSo much, when I learned about the Holocaust, Jews were victims. Our courage, our\nheroism was never part of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"message. I think it's so critical and I really\nvalue that. It pertains to the Holocaust, but it also pertains to how we live\nour lives. Are we going to live our lives with our heads up and stand up for\nwhat we believe in, or are we going to be victims? I appreciated that about the\neducation my kids were receiving.\n\nLANGER: Were you involved in the founding of the school?\n\nSHAHAR: No, but I was involved when the school ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was . . . sort of going through\ngrowing pains. It was a point where we needed to grow in a more significant way.\nI was part of a member committee of like five or six people where we looked at\nthe curriculum, we completely redid it. We excused the director of the school.\nWe hired Amy Robertson to take it over, and the school transformed. Amy was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"incredible. The school grew tremendously.\n\nLANGER: There were a lot of moments like that for Bet Haverim, these kind of\ntransformation moments. Going back before the original kind of school moment.\nThere was discussion about having a school and about inviting more straight\nfamilies to join. What do you remember about that?\n\nSHAHAR: I wasn't part of the school ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discussion. I didn't have kids. But I\ncertainly was part of the discussion about opening up to straight members. It's\nfunny because a couple of years before that . . . I was on the board of\ndirectors for Bet Haverim for years in one capacity or another. We had come to a\npoint where we were going to have a little brochure about Bet Haverim and what\nwe were. We still weren't using our last names, but this we could give to\npeople. We had a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"huge argument over the line on the front of the brochure that\nsaid, \"All are welcome.\" Did we really mean that? Did we want [all?] [Some Board\nMembers felt that], \"No, all were not welcomed; we don't want straight people.\"\nFor me, I believe in welcoming people. It's our shul. If people are here with\nopen arms, I welcome ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. I don't remember if \"All are welcome\" made it to the\nbrochure, but I certainly do recall that later we had the discussion about do we\nallow straight members to come in. Because so many people were closeted, it was\nvery threatening to them. I felt like we were stagnant. It was the same group of\npeople. We weren't growing and it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stale. It was like, this synagogue isn't\ngoing to make it if we don't start bringing in people that we trust, bringing in\nother ideas. At some point we have to trust, otherwise, we're just going to not\nexist anymore. Ultimately, that was the decision, and I am really glad that we\ndid that.\n\nLANGER: My understanding was that there was never an official ban on straight\nmembers, but it was you couldn't serve as president or vice president of the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"board if you were straight. Do you remember that to be correct?\n\nSHAHAR: I do recall the ban. Maybe there wasn't an official ban, but we didn't\nhave straight members and we weren't publicizing ourselves. We weren't, like I\nsaid, we weren't even using our last names. I guess word got out. I do think\nthere was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discussion. There was discussion about whether we allow straight\npeople to become part of our congregation. That is my recollection. The decision\nwas yes. The question you're asking, the issue of who can be president and vice\npresident is a separate issue.\n\nLANGER: You're talking about word getting out. I think maybe some of this has to\ndo with the decision to join the Reconstructionist Federation.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: What do you remember about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that?\n\nSHAHAR: We were interested in becoming more rooted in our Jewish identity. We\nwere clearly gay and lesbian identified. We weren't members of the Synagogue\nCouncil. The Jewish community had already rejected us. But it's like, okay . .\n.we thought it would make sense to affiliate ourselves with either the Reform or\nthe Reconstructionist movements. Both were willing to have us join their fold.\nIt would give ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us resources that we didn't have. We were struggling as a board.\nWe were young and inexperienced as board members, and we could get support in\nhow we grow. We were dealing with growing pains all the time with liturgy, and\nreally just with being seen as more official, and like a more official\nsynagogue. I know that we compared the two. I think we had visits from Reform\nand ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconstructionist. Anyway, we decided that even though the Reform movement\nwas more established and perhaps had more resources available, that we really\nwere a better fit with the Reconstructionist movement. That who we were as a\ncongregation, and our value system, fit more with Reconstructionist, so that's\nthe way we went.\n\nLANGER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That gave access perhaps to some rabbinical resources. Tell me about\n[that], you mentioned Rabbi Kleinbaum. Then I know that after that there was a\ntime when there was kind of an almost full-time rabbi or maybe not full-time,\nbut Rabbi Leila Gal Berner and then Rabbi Josh. What was that transition?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, and we had some part-times in there too - people who had come for\nHigh Holidays, and maybe they'd come down for like three or four other times\nduring the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year - our visiting rabbis, who were great. Our first - Sharon\nKleinbaum was never more than a visiting rabbi. I think we definitely would have\nloved for her to be our rabbi. But she went to New York, to the big, gay and\nlesbian synagogue in New York, where I saw her once. She's just wonderful. She's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"done a lot of good work from up there. I think the rabbi that we hired - I don't\nknow if she was full-time, but she was maybe three-quarters time, maybe - who\nwas here in Atlanta and was as close to full-time as we'd ever had, if not full\ntime, was Leila Gal Berner. She was our rabbi for a while, until she wasn't. I\nthink we lost some members when Leila ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left. Then ultimately, we hired Josh.\nRabbi Joshua Lesser, who was there for a long time.\n\nLANGER: What do you remember about [the] evolving spiritual practice at Bet\nHaverim? With Rabbi Josh coming on, you mentioned music ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before, but kind of what\nbecame the spiritual feel of Bet Haverim?\n\nSHAHAR: Music has always been at the heart of Bet Haverim. After Gary died, we\nhad Amy. I don't remember her last name, but she led . . . our ritual was led by\nmusic. And even when someone left, we thought, \"Oh, no, what now?\" Then someone\nelse came along and their style was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always different. But it was beautiful, like\nevery single time. Then ultimately the Bet Haverim chorus began. They're just .\n. . I love Hebrew prayers because I don't have to think about the words. When I\ndon't have to think about the words, I can be in my feelings, and I feel more\nspiritually connected. For a long time, I used to go to Bet Haverim Wednesday\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"morning chanting, which was Hebrew chanting. It was meditative. I would say for\nBet Haverim, our musical practice has always been at the core of what makes us a\nspiritual place.\n\nLANGER: How about the decision of the community to purchase a synagogue ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"space?\nSpecifically, the space that they have now, which is in Toco Hills, Druid Hill.\nNot really Druid Hill more north Decatur [Georgia]. Do you have a sense [of] why\nthat was important for people?\n\nSHAHAR: We had rented space for so long. We had grown tremendously. I wasn't on\nthe board for it when that was [being considered]. After my kids came along, I\ndid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"projects, but I wasn't on the board anymore. But I do know it was sort of\nlike, we need a permanent home. We need a place to call our home, and that made\nsense. We had over 200 families for membership. That's a lot. It was just a\nmatter of finding the right place at the right cost.\n\nLANGER: Were both of your kids, did they have brit mitzvah ceremonies at Bet Haverim?\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, they did. They both ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did.\n\nLANGER: With Rabbi Josh.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes. Correct.\n\nLANGER: You mentioned before they have two dads, too. Do you want to say what\ntheir names are?\n\nSHAHAR: Sure. Dr. Martin Coles and Dr. Jay Beard. Martin is a pediatrician and\nJay is a psychologist. Jay Beard, Martin Coles, and we're co-parents. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, I\nlove them very much.\n\nLANGER: Switching gears again, moving back to your career. Tell me about how you\nbegan to work for the City of Atlanta and kind of what that's been like.\n\nSHAHAR: When we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"filed, the ACLU filed Shahar v. Bowers. The story broke before\nwe were ready to file the complaint. Mike Bowers broke the story, it was kind of\ninteresting. Anyway, but I was basically a pariah. I couldn't get a job. I\ncouldn't even get an interview. But I ended up working for a group of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"six men\n[lawyers] who independently worked in one building. I basically was an associate\nfor them, an independent contractor for two years. During that time, right after\nabout a year and a half, I applied to the City of Atlanta. They had an opening\nin their law department. Maynard Jackson was in his third [mayoral] term, and\nMichael Coleman was the city attorney. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My understanding is that Michael brought\nmy resume to the mayor. The mayor said, \"Well, if the attorney general doesn't\nwant her, we want her.\" They brought me in to interview me. Basically, it was\nlike I had the job before I walked in the door, and I spent 26 years there. I\nloved my work for the city. Yes, go ahead . . . I don't want to ramble on.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LANGER: You're welcome to tell me about some of the most memorable things that\nyou've done. One of the things that I noted was when Mayor Kasim Reed invited\nyou to become his adviser on LGBT affairs.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes . . . let me sort of back up. I was hired by the city in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1993. I\nhave always been about human rights. I ended up being the city's basically First\nAmendment specialist. When the Olympics came along, I worked with the police and\nthe ACLU to figure out how we were going to allow protesters to meaningfully\nprotest, and also let people, pedestrians, hear them and also get where they\nwere going. We had no First Amendment lawsuits. It went really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"smoothly. I\nreally believe in building bridges where you can. I wrote the city's domestic\npartnership ordinances, defended the domestic partnership laws in court, [and]\ndefended the city's affirmative action program. I did employment law, and almost\nall my cases ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were defending the city where white male employees felt that they\ndidn't get the promotions that they thought they deserved because of their race,\nand it had nothing to do with their race. I felt like the work that I was doing\nfor the city was in keeping with my values. I did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4650.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not want to be seen as the\n\"lesbian lawyer\". People knew me that way because of Shahar v. Bowers. It was\nreally important to me to establish myself as just a good lawyer. Fast forward\nto 2013, and Mayor Reed asked me to serve as his Advisor on LGBT Issues. There\nwas not that position at the time; he was creating it. For me it was like, \"Oh,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4680.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was going to make me the LGBT lawyer, lesbian lawyer again.\" I talked to Pam\nabout it, and she was like, \"You know, you can really make some serious change\nin that role.\" The other thing is like -- the mayor, he called. If the mayor\ncalls you and asks you to serve in a position, of course I was going to say yes.\nBut I had to sort of get over my \"what does this mean?\" It was a tremendous\nopportunity. I ended ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up loving that position because with the name \"Mayor's\nAdvisor\" in my title, I could do things with such ease. For example, I got a\ncall from a couple of people in Massachusetts who were trying to get a company\nthat was headquartered here in Atlanta to add ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transgender protection to their\nnondiscrimination laws. They had been trying for over a year unsuccessfully. I\ncalled the lawyer for the firm, and I said, \"You all need to change this.\" They\ndid. They said, \"Give us three months.\" It happened. You understand how people\nwith power, if they're going to use it the right ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way, can do so much good. If\nthey're going to use it the wrong way, they're able to do it. It's a scary thing\nto think about that. But for me in that position, it was like, I feel like I did\nsome really good things that I could have never done, primarily for the trans\ncommunity. I was very grateful. Then after Mayor Reed left and Mayor [Keisha\nLance] Bottoms came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in, the position expanded some to be human rights more\ngenerally. My biggest project with her was being in the small group of folks who\neliminated cash bond for nonviolent misdemeanors. That was a huge accomplishment.\n\nLANGER: Then you decided to retire in 2019 from the city.\n\nSHAHAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes. When I was 11, I developed scoliosis, which is curvature of the\nspine, and I wore a back brace. When I hit my fifties, the scoliosis became a\nbigger problem. Ultimately by 2017, I was debilitated. I was having to work from\nhome in bed most of the time. I couldn't sit through ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a meeting with other\nlawyers without lying on the floor. It was horrible. My daughter, maybe in early\n2018, said to me, \"You need to stop being afraid of the surgery and just have\nit.\" It was like . . . it never crossed my mind that I was afraid of anything.\nRight? It was like \"afraid?\" Then I thought, \"Oh, my G-d, I've been afraid of\nthe surgery.\" It was like, \"She's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right.\" In June of 2018, I had a spinal\nfusion. I have two rods and 20 screws from my mid back all the way down to the\nbase of my spine, and it saved my life. There was a long recovery period. I was\nat home. It was 2018 and there was a lot about politics that concerned ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4920.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me. I\nthought, \"I could have died during the surgery. I'm in my fifties. I've got a\nlot of time left, but it's limited. Professionally, how do I want to use these\nfinal years?\" I just thought, I can't sit in a law office anymore. Part of what\nI do is great, but part of it is . . . it's just getting stuff [done]. It's\nstuff that has to happen, but I want to be doing human rights full-time. That's\nwhat I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want. I wrote a memo to the mayor and chief of staff and also informed\nthe city attorney that I wanted to be an advisor on human rights full-time,\ndoing policy work, or else I would retire. Because I'd been there for 26 years,\nI had a pension and I would do it on my own. They didn't want me in that job\nfull-time. I left. I've been doing human rights on my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"own. I've done some things\nthat have felt great, and I'm really - it was a good decision.\n\nLANGER: What are some of the things you've done that you're really proud of?\n\nSHAHAR: I'd say two things that really stand out for me. One is [my\nrepresentation of] Deborah Gonzalez. I don't know if you've heard of her. She is\nthe district attorney (DA) up in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Athens [Georgia], Oconee and Clark Counties.\nShe is the first Latinx DA in Georgia, and she's very progressive. There was a\nlaw passed by the state of Georgia in 2018 that allowed the state to essentially\ncall off an election for district attorney, and for the governor to appoint\nsomeone in that position for two years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and delay the election. Deborah, DA\nGonzalez, put in her name [for the 2020 Western Circuit DA election]. At the\ntime, Deborah Gonzalez, she had been a state legislator. She announced she was\nrunning for the [DA] seat, and the state implemented this process that became\nallowed under the 2018 law, and they canceled the election. I spoke with Deborah\nand I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"I think this is a constitutional violation.\" A friend/colleague of\nmine [and I] represented her. We challenged the 2018 law as unconstitutional. We\nwon. We won in the district court, federal district court. It got appealed to\nthe 11th Circuit [Court of Appeals]. The 11th Circuit referred the case to the\nGeorgia Supreme Court because it involved a Georgia law. The Georgia Supreme\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Court found the law unconstitutional, then the 11th Circuit came around and said\nit's unconstitutional. She ran for office, and she won. This case, first of all,\nit struck down this horrible law which disenfranchised voters. And it gave the\nright to vote back to these voters who elected a very progressive DA who\nbelieves in putting the right people behind bars, and using ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alternatives to\nincarceration where possible. The amount of lives that she touches . . . she's\namazing. I'm really proud of the work that she's done. I'm really, just really\npleased to have been part of her journey. The other thing that I did that I felt\nreally positive about was pro ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5160.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bono. I do a lot more pro bono now because I have\na pension. I led a group of volunteers and we wrote a law, a Georgia law, a bill\nthat ended up getting passed unanimously. It establishes a program where when\n911 calls come into public safety that emerge or are based on mental health or\naddiction, it establishes co-responder programs so that the police officer goes\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out with someone from the community service boards, which are the local public\nmental health agencies. At the time of the crisis, you've got the therapist\nthere. And then the therapist follows, their agency follows up afterwards to\nprovide wraparound services. That bill passed unanimously in 2022. Our team\ndrafted it, then we brought it. What was great ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that the lieutenant governor\ntook it on as a priority bill. Remarkably, we worked with his office to make the\ntweaks that had to be made, and to help get it pushed through. It's still being\nimplemented. It'll be a journey to have it fully implemented. It's so important.\nThose are the kind of things that make me just feel really good about the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5250.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decision to retire.\n\nLANGER: That's a state law, you said.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Is it sort of related to, I know Atlanta has a 311 program . . .\n\nSHAHAR: They do.\n\nLANGER: Where [it is an] alternative to calling 911.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, I'm actually a consultant for PAD now. Policing Alternatives and\nDiversion Initiative.\n\nLANGER: Now we're kind of in the looking back [period]. We're getting close to\nthe end, thank you for all of your time.\n\nSHAHAR: It's been a pleasure.\n\nLANGER: Thinking specifically ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about LGBTQ+ evolution. What's your impression of\nchange within that community, communities?\n\nSHAHAR: I feel old. It's like when I was the Mayor's Advisor on LGBT Issues, any\ntime I was going to write something, I had to first print out the most updated\nglossary of terms to keep up with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. It's fascinating. For my kids, LGBTQ+\nissues are just part of life. What I look forward to is a time when sort of the\nold guard politicians retire. Because when this newer generation comes into\noffice, there are things ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5340.0,5370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are being made political issues which I believe,\nfor my kids' generation, are just non-issues. I'm not speaking for everyone, but\nthe huge majority. It's like who you love, it just doesn't matter. The idea like\nsort of . . . rejecting male and female as the only options, . . . that's\nsomething ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the younger generation. It was interesting working for the city\nas that issue started to emerge. Because let's say you have a homeless shelter\nand it's separated by men and women, or a jail which has men's wings and women's\nwings. When you had transgender folks coming in, that was easier because if they\nidentified as women, they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5400.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went - if they so choose - they had the right to be\nput with the other women. But when you talk about a [gender] spectrum - for\nsomeone who's administering the law, I'm not sure how that works. There are some\nthings that are going to have to be figured out. When my parents and\ngrandparents were looking at me as a youth and trying to figure me out, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5430.0,5460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I sort\nof feel like I watch my kids and that generation, and I'm learning.\n\nLANGER: Moving kind of into that smaller community than that we've been talking\nabout with Bet Haverim. What role do you think evolving LGBTQ identity has\nplayed in the evolution of the synagogue?\n\nSHAHAR: I love the fact that Bet Haverim was started by a minority group and has\nexpanded to allow the majority. Because so often organizations go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5460.0,5490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the\nreverse: \"Oh, we want to invite, we want to open our doors so that everybody\nfeels welcome.\" [But for Bet Haverim] LGBTQ equality is part of our fabric.\nThere's an understanding for straight people who come in that like, that's who\nwe are. We've got the Prayer for the End of Hiding. Part of the Prayer for the\nEnd of Hiding, we are ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying, \"I as a lesbian, a gay man, a transgender.\" We're\nlisting all these things, whether that is how we identify or not, because we\nunderstand that we're all in it together. I just think there is more sincerity\nto that, and commitment to that, when you understand that you are here because\ngay men and lesbians took risks, started this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5520.0,5550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organization and decided to expand\nourselves to allow others in to join us. I think it's very, I think it's\npowerful. I think it helps in terms of other kinds of equality. Obviously we\ntry. . . racism remains alive and well, obviously. I think that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5550.0,5580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- I would like\nto think that because we are an LGBTQ synagogue, or have that as our foundation,\nthat would make us - I am trying to think of the right word - to have a better\nunderstanding of racism and what our role is in addressing it effectively.\nWhether ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5580.0,5610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're doing that . . . that takes time. But anyway, I think having that\nat our core makes us justice focused. I really appreciate that.\n\nLANGER: You mentioned the Prayer for the End of Hiding. Is that something you\nremember from the very beginning?\n\nSHAHAR: I do.\n\nLANGER: Do you know where it came from?\n\nSHAHAR: Maybe. When we met at the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5610.0,5640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old Quaker Meeting House, our prayer book was\njust like little black folders with some prayers, like loose leaf with the three\nbinders. The Prayer for the End of Hiding was in there, I believe. I believe I\nknow who brought it, but I'm not certain. But it was an individual. I think she\nmay have written it.\n\nLANGER: We can talk about that. If you have a person that you think I can maybe\nconnect with.\n\nSHAHAR: Oh, good. Okay. Yes. Sure, definitely.\n\nLANGER: I know that prayer itself evolved, to go from in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5640.0,5670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beginning,\nmentioning specifically lesbian . . .\n\nSHAHAR: And gay men.\n\nLANGER: . . . And gay men, and now having the full alphabet, and then also\ncalling out these specific identities and then including queer.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes.\n\nLANGER: Do you remember what that process felt like, that evolution, or did it\nfeel relatively smooth to you?\n\nSHAHAR: I was not part of those discussions. I would have . . . I think it's\nimportant for everyone to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5670.0,5700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feel represented, seen. I'm glad that we expanded it.\n\nLANGER: Given the many ways to be Jewish today, how does a synagogue stay relevant?\n\nSHAHAR: I think for Bet Haverim, our justice work helps us stay relevant.\nThere's so many of us. The other thing about Bet Haverim is there's so much\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happening. There are [many] ways that people can fit in. For me, I always found\nthat being involved with the synagogue, I got so much more out of it. And I'm\nnot as involved anymore. But when I was, I was so glad I was. There are so many\nopportunities to get involved with things that move you. For me, spirituality is\nwhat moves you. It doesn't have to be like \"religion,\" like reading from the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5730.0,5760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Torah or following kashrut. It's what makes me . . . for me, G-d is inside of\nme. It is the best me. It is the purest me, and what brings me to that purest\npart of myself. For me, that's justice work. To the extent that . . . when I'm\ndoing justice work, whether it's with Bet Haverim or in some other ways, I feel\nconnected to my Judaism. If I'm going to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5760.0,5790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"services, if I'm going to\npractice that kind of religion, Bet Haverim is where I want to be.\n\nLANGER: What about being out as a lesbian, as a member of the LGBTQ community\nand being Jewish? Do you feel like that's gotten easier than it was 40 years ago?\n\nSHAHAR: It's so funny because. . . I am who I am. When you're younger, I think\nyou're more self-conscious about, \"Who am I? How do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5790.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I fit in?\" My fifties were\nso . . . it was like, \"Okay, I am who I am. Take it or leave it.\" Now I'm 60.\nI'm hoping it will be more of the same. I don't leave room . . . I am who I am.\nI'm Jewish. I'm a lesbian. I'm a mother. I'm a spouse. I fight for justice. I'm\nall these ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things. I'm not quite sure if I'm answering your question.\n\nLANGER: No, you absolutely are. I think you're speaking . . . to personal\ngrowth, too. To what it is to be human and not necessarily only what it is . . .\nto be. At any one moment in your life, it's going to be different.\n\nSHAHAR: Yes, that is true. What stands out. It's been ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5850.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really cool. I have a\nniece who is lesbian. It's neat to have young adults who I can support in their\njourney. She's lesbian. I have a nephew who just is straight, exploring who he\nis; and another young woman . . . people in my life who I just love. As you're\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5880.0,5910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying, showing up as who I am. And that's many things. For some of these folks,\ncertain parts of who I am are more meaningful than others [parts]. Do you know\nwhat I'm saying? I love that.\n\nLANGER: Do you think there are still challenges in the Jewish community around\nacceptance of many ways and many different identities?\n\nSHAHAR: I have no doubt, but I'm not there. The Jewish community. . . when\nShahar v. Bowers was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5910.0,5940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"filed, I had a friend who worked here in the [Jewish]\nFederation. She said that people would say, \"Oh, why did she have to be Jewish?\"\nIt got so much attention, the case did. It was like [they were saying], \"Oh my\nG-d.\" Jews, they didn't want to be dragged [in]. They felt like they were being\ndragged into this gay and lesbian battle that they didn't want to be part of.\n\"Not in our community.\" . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5940.0,5970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". .Or think about how when I worked for BBYO, it was\nlike, \"Oh yes, the girls can have a program on lesbianism, but not someone that\nwe know [as speaker]. \"We don't want her speaking.\" I would imagine that there\nare many folks who remain progressive as long as there's a little distance.\n\nLANGER: Is there anything that I haven't asked you about that you want to share\nor talk about?\n\nSHAHAR: I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5970.0,6000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/transcript/63055/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just really appreciate your time. I think these oral histories are\nimportant and it's just been a pleasure speaking with you today.\n\nLANGER: Thank you so much for sharing all of your memories. I'm very inspired.\nThank you.\n\nSHAHAR: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=6000.0,6030.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdina Langer is the Curator at Kennesaw State University Museum of History and Holocaust Education. She works on oral history projects, curatorial work, exhibitions, research, and writing. She has previously worked on The National September 11 Memorial and was an instructor at Georgia State University.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKennesaw State University’s Museum of History and Holocaust Education is located in Kennesaw, Georgia. Its mission is to present public events, exhibits and educational resources focused on World War II and the Holocaust in an effort to promote education and dialogue about the past and its significance today. It is a unit within the Kennesaw State University Department of Museums, Archives, and Rare Books (MARB). MARB was formed in 2010 and includes the Museum of History and Holocaust Education, the Special Projects unit, the Bentley Rare Books Museum, KSU Archives, and Records and Information Management.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKennesaw State University is a public university in Georgia and is part of the University System of Georgia. The university was founded in 1963 and has two campuses in the Atlanta area, one in Kennesaw and the other in Marietta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. This interview of Robin Shahar is one of those transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Bet Haverim is a Reconstructionist synagogue founded in 1985 by gay and lesbian Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCheltenham Township is a home rule township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It is home to the historic neighborhoods in Wyncote and Elkins Park. The city was established in 1862 by 15 Quakers from Cheltenham, England.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003ebar mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: son of commandments, daughter of commandments respectively] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys and girls aged 13 years and one day, typically marked by their reading from the \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003ein synagogue. At that time, the boy or girl is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eB’nai mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e is a gender-neutral version of \u003cem\u003ebar/bat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It starts the Ten Days of Awe, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions during the past year. The tenth day is \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e, the Day of Atonement. The traditional belief is that on \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e, G-d decides who will be inscribed in the Book of Life for the coming year.  The Book of Life is not sealed until\u003cem\u003e Yom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e, and G-d may alter the decision of who is inscribed based on a person’s prayer, repentance, and good deeds during the Days of Awe.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur \u003c/em\u003eis a 25-hour fast day when Jews ask G‑d to forgive their misdeeds and seal their fate for the coming year in the Book of Life.  Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting \u003cem\u003eyizkor \u003c/em\u003efor deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003ereadings and sermons.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA synagogue is a Jewish house of worship where the congregation meets for religious services and education.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003eand the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a branch of Judaism, especially common in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003eremains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as Masorti Judaism, Conservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual, but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. In general, Conservative congregations also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis, and \u003cem\u003ebat mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e). The governing body for Conservative Judaism in the United States is the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism (USCJ), formerly known as the United Synagogue of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReconstructionist Judaism is a religiously progressive branch of Judaism that emerged in the early 20th century.  The movement views Judaism as an evolving civilization that encompasses Jewish law and ritual, but also Jewish culture, philosophy, historical memory and collective destiny.   It upholds Jewish law and traditions unless there are reasons to the contrary. The movement is gender-egalitarian on ritual matters, was the first to conduct a Bat Mitzvah, and the first to ordain openly gay and lesbian rabbis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWyncote is a neighborhood in Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania and is located 11 miles from Philadelphia’s city center. The Reconstructionist Rabbinical College is located in Wyncote.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShul \u003c/em\u003eis a Yiddish word for synagogue that is derived from a German word meaning “school,” and emphasizes the synagogue's role as a place of study.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Rodeph Shalom is a Reform congregation and is the oldest Ashkenazic synagogue in the Western Hemisphere. It was founded in 1795 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school is an educational program separate from secular education, typically focusing on topics of Jewish history, ritual, and learning the Hebrew language.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation classes are educational programs offered by Synagogues to Jewish teens after they become a B’nai Mitzvah.  “Confirmation” is a ritual marking the successful completion of the program, typically in the 10th grade, and signifying or “confirming” a commitment to Judaism and Jewish life.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: law or instruction] refers to the Five Books of Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy, commonly known as the Old Testament.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTufts University is a private research university located in the Greater Boston area. The main campus is located in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts. The university was founded in 1852 by Christian universalists who wanted to create a nonsectarian institution of higher learning . It was a small liberal arts college until the 1970s, when it became a large research university.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1636 and was named for its first benefactor, a Puritan clergyman John Harvard. It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharis Bookstore is the South’s oldest independent feminist bookstore. The bookstore opened in 1978 in Atlanta, Georgia in the Little Five Points neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB’nai B’rith Youth Organization (BBYO) is a Jewish youth organization for students in grades 8 through 12. The organization emphasizes its youth leadership model in which teen leaders are elected by their peers on a local, regional and international level and are given the opportunity to make their own programmatic decisions, and develop and lead their own programs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia State University is a public research university in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1913 and today has seven campuses around the Atlanta metro area. It is part of the University System of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEmory University is a private research university in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded in 1836 as \"Emory College\" by the Methodist Episcopal Church and named in honor of Methodist bishop John Emory, Emory is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Robert W. Woodruff Scholars and Fellows Program was established in 1980. The Woodruff Fellows program at Emory Law School provides a scholarship that covers all tuition and mandatory fees for the three years of study toward a juris doctor. Additionally, the fellows receive a small stipend to assist with the cost of books and personal expenses.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eVinings, Georgia is located in Cobb County Georgia, approximately 11 miles northwest of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah\u003c/em\u003e (Jewish New Year) and \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joshua Lesser served as Senior Rabbi at Congregation Bet Haverim for over 22 years. He founded the Southern Jewish Resource Network for Gender and Sexual Diversity (SOJOURN), cofounded the Faith Alliance of Metro Atlanta, and chaired Atlanta’s Human Relations Commission. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBBYO identifies as pluralistic and is not affiliated with any one Jewish denomination.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eKashrut\u003c/em\u003e is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term \u003cem\u003ekashérl\u003c/em\u003e, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Friends Meeting of Religious Society of Friends is used by Quakers to gather. The Friends Meeting House is open to all regardless of race, color, ethnicity, national origin, age, sex, material status, disability, religion, sexual orientation and gender identity. As of 2023, the Atlanta Friends Meeting House is located in Decatur, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLittle Five Points is a neighborhood on the east side of Atlanta, Georgia that earned its name from an intersection where five streets came together. In 2023, Little Five Points is known around Atlanta as a center for bars, restaurants, shops, and alternative culture.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGary Piccola, Robert Needle, Michael Clark, and Tom Levine were among the founding members of Congregation Bet Haverim. They, along with others, were important in the synagogue’s early development. Notably, Gary Piccola invited three of his friends, Robert Needle, Michael Clark, and Michael Feinstein, to a Passover Seder at his home in 1985 to discuss the possibility of founding a synagogue. As of 2023, Michael Clark is the only surviving member of this group of four men. Gary Piccola and Robert Needle both died from complications of AIDS in 1989. Tom Levene died of AIDS around 1990. Serge Bernstein, another founding member, also died of AIDS in 1990; he donated the synagogue’s first \u003cem\u003eSefer Torah\u003c/em\u003e shortly before his death. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePassover [Hebrew: \u003cem\u003ePesach\u003c/em\u003e] is a major Jewish holiday the commemorates the Biblical story of the Israelites’ escape from slavery in Egypt. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeder \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. The \u003cem\u003eseder \u003c/em\u003eincorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Israelites and their exodus from Egypt.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pride \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e was an annual event at Bet Haverim for many years. It commemorated the anniversary of the Stonewall uprising, a watershed moment for the gay rights movement that occurred in New York City on June 28, 1969. The Pride \u003cem\u003eseder\u003c/em\u003e also recognized important steps made towards civil rights for the LGBTQ+ community.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Sharon Kleinbaum (b.1959) is a rabbi who serves as the spiritual leader for New York City’s Congregation Beit Simchat Torah (CBST). She was installed as CBST’s first rabbi in 1992 and served as a visiting rabbi for Bet Haverim prior to going to New York. She is a long-time activist for LGBTQ and other human rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew: sin, derived from a verb meaning “to miss the mark or target.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHavdalah is the ceremony marking the end of the Sabbath or of a Jewish holiday. It includes blessings over wine, candles and spices. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTzedakah \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: righteousness; often used to mean acts of justice] is an ethical obligation that the \u003cem\u003eTorah \u003c/em\u003emandates, also known as a mitzvah. Many Jews give \u003cem\u003etzedakah \u003c/em\u003ebefore Shabbat and festivals (such as \u003cem\u003ePurim \u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003eShavuot\u003c/em\u003e). Its intention is to show the Jewish people's determination to improve the world. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTikkun Olam\u003c/em\u003e [Hebrew: repairing the world] is a concept in Judaism that refers to actions that can be taken by children and adults that improve the world. It is often synonymous with the idea of social action and pursuit of social justice.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation, established in 1867. In 1875 it built its first permanent worship hall in downtown Atlanta, and in 1895 it affiliated strongly with the Reform Movement. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1904, Congregation Shearith Israel became the first synagogue in DeKalb County. In the 1960s, they removed the barrier between the men’s and women’s sections in the sanctuary, and officially became affiliated with the Conservative movement in 2002. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAIDS/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a chronic immune system disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The disease greatly impacted the gay male community during the 1980s and led to crisis conditions around the world until effective treatments were developed in the 2000s. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHIV/human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. It is spread through blood products, sexual fluids, and from mother to baby during pregnancy, labor, or nursing. Although there is no cure for HIV, today the disease can be treated and prevented from spreading.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe systematic, government-sponsored persecution and mass murder of approximately 6,000,000 Jews and millions of others by the German Nazi regime and its allies and collaborators between 1933 and 1945. Other groups murdered during the Holocaust included Slavs, Romani people, homosexuals, political dissidents, and disabled people.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1991, Robin Shahar brought suit against the Georgia Attorney General, Michael Bowers, for terminating her employment based on her impending Jewish marriage to another woman. Shahar argued that the termination violated her constitutional First Amendment rights to Freedom of Intimate Association and Freedom of Religion. Bowers asserted that he had the right to terminate Shahar, claiming that because of her same sex marriage, her presence would interfere with the proper functioning of his office.  Ultimately Shahar lost the case, with the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals ruling en banc that any First Amendment rights were outweighed by Bowers’ interests as an employer and elected official.  (\u003cem\u003eShahar v. Bowers\u003c/em\u003e,  114 F.3d 1097 (11th Cir. 1997) (\u003cem\u003een banc\u003c/em\u003e), cert. denied, 118 S. Ct. 693 (1998)). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003echuppah \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: canopy] is the canopy under which a Jewish wedding takes place.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003eketubah \u003c/em\u003eis a Jewish marriage contract that is signed just prior to the wedding ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBreaking the glass at the end of a Jewish wedding ceremony symbolizes different things, including that marriage is fragile and will require care to maintain its sanctity.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReciting or chanting the Seven Blessings, or \u003cem\u003eSheva B’rachot\u003c/em\u003e, to the couple is a traditional part of the Jewish wedding ceremony that expresses joy and hope for the new union.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTable Rock State Park is located in Pickens County, South Carolina. It is a 3,083 acre park that sits on the edge of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Pinnacle Mountain, the tallest mountain totally within South Carolina is located in the park.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat \u003c/em\u003e(Hebrew) is the Jewish Sabbath that begins Friday night at sundown and lasts until Saturday night. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003emikveh \u003c/em\u003eis a ritual cleansing that often precedes a major life event.  By completely immersing in water prior to a wedding, the spouse becomes renewed and purified before entering their new phase of life.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMichael Bowers (b. 1941) was the Georgia’s Attorney General from 1981-1997. In 1997, he resigned as Attorney General to run for Georgia Governor but was unsuccessful. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cem\u003eBowers v. Hardwick\u003c/em\u003e, the Georgia Attorney General’s office defended the constitutionality of Georgia’s criminal sodomy law. The plaintiff, Michael Hardwick, had been arrested on charges of violating the state’s sodomy law for engaging in consensual sex in the privacy of his home. The United States Supreme Court upheld the law as constitutional in the\u003cem\u003e Bowers v. Hardwick\u003c/em\u003e decision (1986). In 2003, the United States Supreme Court’s  \u003cem\u003eLawrence v. Texas \u003c/em\u003edecision overruled \u003cem\u003eBowers v. Hardwick\u003c/em\u003e, finding that it had not been correctly decided. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the United States of America. Because of this, the Court leads the Judicial Branch of the United States Federal Government. It is the only U.S. court established by the United States Constitution. Its decisions must be followed by all other courts in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a national organization that fights to protect the rights guaranteed by the Constitution for all those living in the United States and its territories.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLambda Legal Defense and Education Fund is an American civil rights organization that focuses on protecting the rights of the LGBTQ community and people living with HIV/AIDS through impact litigation, education, and public policy work.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the ACLU established the Lesbian and Gay Rights Project which became a major force in the battle for equality. The project and their allies focused attention on passing laws against sexual orientation discrimination. Their first major victory came in 1996, when the Supreme Court struck down Colorado’s Amendment 2, which would have prevented lesbians and gay men from being protected by the state’s civil rights law. In Romer v. Evans, the court ruled the Colorado amendment was a violation of the 14th Amendment that guaranteed equal protection under the law.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Rubenstein (b. 1960) is an American legal scholar and the Bruce Bromley Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. He specializes in complex litigation and civil rights advocacy. He has advocated widely for gay and lesbian rights and HIV-positive individuals. From 1987-1990, he served as a staff attorney with the ACLU’s Lesbian and Gay Rights Project and served as director from 1990-1995.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNational Coming Out Day is an annual event promoting LGBTQ rights by serving “as a reminder that one of our most basic tools is the power of coming out.”  (\u003ca href=\"https://www.hrc.org/resources/national-coming-out-day\"\u003ehttps://www.hrc.org/resources/national-coming-out-day\u003c/a\u003e).  Beginning in 1988, it is observed on October 11, the anniversary of the 1987 National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Journal-Constitution (AJC) is a major daily newspaper in the metropolitan area of Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSummary judgement is a decision by the judge about which party wins a case or claim based on the law, without need for a jury trial.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit is the federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the US District Courts in Alabama, Florida and Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. It delineates the form of the government (executive, legislative, judicial), the doctrine of separation of powers. It describes the rights and responsibilities of the state governments and the states in relationship to the federal government. It was created on September 17, 1787, ratified on June 21, 1788, and became effective on March 4, 1789. It remains the oldest and longest standing national constitution in the world. It has been amended 27 times.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe First Amendment to the US Constitution prevents Congress from making laws that establish religion or prohibit the free exercise of religion. It also protects freedom of speech, the press, peaceable assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or “Knights of the Ku Klux Klan” today) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods have included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s, was repressed during Reconstruction, and then re-launched in 1915. Membership increased in the 1920s, and then again in the 1960s when the civil rights movement gained momentum. When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past its members dressed up in white robes and a pointed hat designed to hide their identity and to terrify. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBostock v. Clayton County \u003c/em\u003ewas a landmark case decided by the US Supreme Court in 2020. It ruled that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees against sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination by their employers or potential employers. (140 S. Ct. 1731 (2020). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTitle VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees and job applicants from employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin. It does not cover federal employees or independent contractors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eObergefell v. Hodges\u003c/em\u003e was a landmark Supreme Court case decided in 2015. The court ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment of the Constitution. (576 U.S. 644 (2015)). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe phrase LGBT refers to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. The term is often followed as well by Q+ which refers to Queer and other identities on a wide spectrum of sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe “Don’t Say Gay” law is the name given by opponents to a Florida law entitled “Parental Rights in Education” signed in 2022 by Governor Ron DeSantis. It prevents public school teachers in Florida from conducting classroom instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity. It states that “classroom instruction by school personnel or third parties on sexual orientation or gender identity may not occur in kindergarten through grade 3 or in a manner that is not age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate for students in accordance with state standards.” \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDrag performance is a form of entertainment featuring exaggerated forms of stereotypical gender expression often involving cross-dressing during which drag queens (usually male) perform femininely and drag kings (usually female) perform masculinely.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA \u003cem\u003eget \u003c/em\u003e[Hebrew: divorce] is a document in Jewish law that terminates a marriage between a Jewish couple. Once received it allows former spouses to freely remarry under Jewish law. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePam Joy is Robin’s second wife. They married in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDr. Amy Cooper Robertson has a Master of Theological Studies from Harvard University and a Doctorate in Religion/Religious Studies from Emory University. She worked as the Director of Education at Congregation Bet Haverim from 2007-2011 and later served as the congregation’s Executive Director from 2012-2020. As of 2023, she is Director of Lifelong Learning at Congregation Or Hadash.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Reconstructionist Federation was founded in 1955 and served as the synagogue arm of Reconstructionist Judaism. In June 2012, the Reconstructionist movement underwent a restructuring and the Reconstructionist Federation merged with the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College to form the RRC and Jewish Reconstructionist Communities. In 2018, the merged organization was renamed Reconstructing Judaism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Leila Gal Berner (b. 1950) holds a Ph.D. in History with a specialization in the Jews of Medieval Spain. She has taught at various universities and was ordained in 1989 at the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College. She has served congregations in Pennsylvania, Georgia, Washington D.C., and Virginia. She served at two LGBT congregations – Bet Haverim in Atlanta and Congregation Bet Mishpachah in Washington, D.C. In 1992, she was one of the first lesbian rabbis to “come out” in a mainstream congregation. Since 2021, she has served as Dean of Students for the ALEPH Alliance for Jewish Renewal Ordination Program.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis is a reference to Amy Bernstein who served as a lay cantor at Bet Haverim when she moved to Atlanta after graduating from Northwestern College in 1987. She received her rabbinical ordination from Reconstructionist Rabbinical College in 1997. As of 2023, she is Senior Rabbi at Kehillat Israel in Los Angeles, where she has served as a rabbi since 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBrit mitzvah\u003c/em\u003e is the plural of bar/bat mitzvah and also a way of creating a version of the Jewish coming-of-age ceremony that does not assert gender.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMaynard Holbrook Jackson Jr. (1938 – 2003) was an American politician and attorney from Georgia. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected in 1973 at the age of 35 as the first Black mayor of Atlanta, Georgia and of any major city in the South. He served three terms (1974–1982, 1990–1994), making him the second longest-serving mayor of Atlanta, after six-term mayor William B. Hartsfield. After his death, the William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport was re-named Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport to honor his service to the expansion of the airport, the city, and its people.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMichael Coleman was the Atlanta City Attorney from 1990-1994 under Mayor Maynard Jackson. He represented the city during contract negotiations related to the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. As of 2023, he is a partner at Thompson Hine, a law firm with offices in Atlanta, GA, Chicago, IL, New York, NY, Washington D.C. and Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus and Dayton, OH.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKasim Reed (b. 1969) is lawyer and politician that served as the 59th mayor of Atlanta from 2010-2018. He is a Democrat that was also a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1998-2002 and a Georgia State Senator, representing the 35th District, from 2003-2009.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia hosted the 1996 Summer Olympics. It was held from July 19 to August 14, 1996. A record 197 nations took part in the games, comprising 10,318 athletes. Marking the 100th anniversary of the 1896 Summer Olympics held in Athens, Greece, the 1996 Olympics were known as the Centennial Olympic Games.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta has two Domestic Partnership Ordinances which passed years before same-sex marriage was permitted in Georgia and throughout the United States.  The Domestic Partnership Registry Ordinance passed in 1993 and took effect in 1995 after being upheld as lawful by the Supreme Court of Georgia.  The ordinance offered legal recognition to same-sex and opposite-sex couples who lived together and had life-time commitments.  The Domestic Partnership Benefits Ordinance allowed Atlanta employees to extend their city health insurance coverage to their domestic partner.  The latter ordinance took effect in 1999 after years of court battles.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta’s affirmative action program, known as the “Equal Business Opportunity Program”, aims to ensure that “firms seeking to participate in contracting and procurement activities with the city are not prevented from doing so on the basis of the race or gender of their owners.” (Atlanta Code of Ordinances §2-1445).  The program is premised on studies showing “substantial barriers, disparities, underutilization, [and] continued and ongoing present effects of discrimination affecting the full participation of minorities and women” in the marketplace of the Atlanta region.  (Atlanta Code of Ordinances §2-1444).   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKeisha Lance Bottoms (b. 1970) is an attorney who served at the 60th mayor of Atlanta from 2018 to 2022. Prior to serving as mayor, she served on the Atlanta City Council from 2010-2018. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDeborah Gonzalez is the District Attorney for Georgia’s Western Judicial Circuit, which serves Athens-Clarke and Oconee counties.  Her term runs from 2021-2025.  She previously served as a Democratic member of the Georgia State Assembly from 2017-2019. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe law was codified at O.C.G.A. § 45-5-3.2.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe order of the Eleventh Circuit Appeals Court and Georgia Supreme Court respectively are located at: \u003cem\u003eGonzalez v. Governor of Ga\u003c/em\u003e., 978 F.3d 1266 (11th Cir. 2020); \u003cem\u003eKemp v. Gonzalez\u003c/em\u003e, 310 Ga. 104 (2020).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe law is named the “Georgia Behavioral Health and Peace Officer Co-Responder Programs.”  It is codified at O.C.G.A. Title 37 Chapter 12, § 37-12-1 through § 37-12-14, and became effective July 1, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eATL311 is the City of Atlanta customer service program.  People may call 311 to obtain city-related information and place non-emergency service requests.  The Policing Alternatives and Diversion Initiative, or “PAD”, responds to 311 calls concerning issues related to mental health, substance use or extreme poverty. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePolicing Alternatives \u0026amp; Diversion Initiative, commonly known as PAD, is a local non-profit organization that reduces arrest and incarceration of people experiencing extreme poverty, problematic substance use, and mental health concerns.  PAD responds to calls for help with on-site civilian-only response teams and follow-up wraparound services including housing assistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Prayer for the End of Hiding appears to have its start at Congregation Bet Haverim.  It is read at the end of each service and concludes with: “Creator of the Universe, we ask that our hiding draw to an end, that we no longer feel we have to pretend to promise falsely, to renounce ourselves, and that our fullest creative expression as Jews and as gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and queer people be among the blessings You bestow upon us.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/annotation_set/1281/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta raises funds, which are dispersed throughout the Jewish community. Services also include caring for Jews in need locally and around the world, community outreach, leadership development, and educational opportunities. 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It just felt like a non-issue.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3619.0,3805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Josh Lesser","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3619.0,3805.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growing pains for Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3805.0,4253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a huge argument over the line on the front of the brochure that said, \"All are welcome.\" Did we really mean that? Did we want [all?] No, all were not welcomed. We don't want straight people. For me, I believe in welcoming people and it's like it's our shul. If people are here with open arms, I welcome them. I don't remember if \"All our welcome\" made it to the brochure, but I certainly do recall that later we had the discussion about do we allow straight members to come in. Because so many people were closeted, it was very threatening to them. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3805.0,4253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Amy Robertson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gay and Lesbian Congregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Josh Lesser","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leila Gal Berner","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconstructionist","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconstructionist Federation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sharon Kleinbaum","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Straight People","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=3805.0,4253.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evolving spiritual practices at Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4253.0,4345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Music has always been at the heart of Bet Haverim. After Gary died, we had Amy. I don't remember her last name, but she led . . . our ritual was led by music and even when someone left, we thought, \"Oh, no, what now?\" Then someone else came along and their style was always different.  But it was beautiful, like every single time. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4253.0,4345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Music","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Spiritual Practice","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4253.0,4345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thoughts on Bet Haverim purchasing a synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4345.0,4404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I do know it was sort of like, we need a permanent home. We need a place to call our home and that made sense. We had over 200 families for membership. That's a lot. It's just a matter of finding the right place at the right cost.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4345.0,4404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4345.0,4404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Children's brit mitzvah and their fathers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4404.0,4454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jay Beard, Martin Coles and . . . we're co-parents. Anyways . . . I love them very much.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4404.0,4454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brit Mitzvah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jay Beard","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Josh Lesser","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Martin Coles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4404.0,4454.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Her work in city of Atlanta's attorney's office","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4454.0,4851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maynard Jackson was in his third term and Michael Coleman was the city attorney. My understanding is that Michael brought my resume to the mayor. The mayor said, \"Well, the attorney general doesn't want her. We want her.\" They brought me in to interview me. Basically, it was like I had the job before I walked in the door and I spent 26 years there. I loved my work for the\ncity.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4454.0,4851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ACLU","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Affirmative Action","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Attorney","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Domestic Partnership","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kasim Reed","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Keisha Lance Bottom","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LGBT Advisor","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maynard Jackson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Michael Coleman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Olympics","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4454.0,4851.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reason for retirement and current work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4851.0,5303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I could have died during the surgery in my fifties. I've got a lot of time left, but it's limited professionally. How do I want to use these final years? I just thought, I can't sit in a law office anymore. Part of what I do is great, but part of it's just getting stuff . . . It's stuff that has to happen, but I want to be doing human rights full-time.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4851.0,5303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"11th Circuit Court of Appeal","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Deborah Gonzalez","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Georgia Supreme Court","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Human Rights","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Police Alternatives and Diversion Initiative","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scoliosis","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surgery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=4851.0,5303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thoughts on changes within the LGBTQ+ community and the future","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5303.0,5467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I look forward to is a time when sort of the old guard politicians retire. Because when this newer generation comes into office, there are things . . . that are being made political issues, which I believe for my kids generation are just non-issues. I'm not speaking for everyone, but the huge majority. It's like who you love, it just doesn't matter.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5303.0,5467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LGBTQ+","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Transgender","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5303.0,5467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Impact of LGBTQ identity on Bet Haverim and staying relevant","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5467.0,5799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LGBTQ equality is part of our fabric. There's an understanding for straight people who come in that like, that's who we are. We've got the preference of hiding. Part of the prayer for end of hiding . . . we are saying, I as a lesbian, a gay man, a transgender. We're listing all these things, whether that is how we identify or not, because we understand that we're all in it together.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5467.0,5799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bet Haverim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LGBTQ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prayer for the end of hiding","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Racisim","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social Justice","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5467.0,5799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How things have changed for her being a member of LGBTQ community and Jewish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5799.0,6017.064"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have no doubt. But I'm not there. The Jewish community, when Shahar v. Bowers was filed, I had a friend who worked here in the [Jewish] Federation, and she said that people would say, \"Oh, why did she have to be Jewish?\" It got so much attention, the case did. It was like, \"Oh my G-d.\" Jews . . . they didn't want to be dragged. They felt like they were being dragged into this gay and lesbian battle that they didn't want to be part of, not in our community.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452#t=5799.0,6017.064"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/94168/file/190452/index/53114/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Acceptance of LGBTQ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gay","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lesbian","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LGBTQ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shahar v. 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