{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/7w6736n70w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Benatar, Leo"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1992-03-15 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Benatar, Leo (Interviewee)","Bregman, Shirley (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum Ester","Ester and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eLeo Benatar interviewed by Shirley Bregman on March 15, 1992, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eLeo Benatar was born on February 21, 1930 in Atlanta, Georgia to Marris H. and Mary (Levy) Benatar. He graduated from the Georgia Institute of Technology with a Bachelor of Industrial Engineering in 1951. After graduating, her served in the United States Navy. Leo completed postgraduate at Rochester Institute of Technology in 1956n and Harvard Business School in 1970. He married Louise Cure in 1956, who we had three children with: Morris L., Ann Marie, and Ruth Eileen. Throughout his career, Leo served as the former president of Mead, Packaging Company, the Atlanta chairmen of Engraph, Inc., as a board director of Sonoco Products Company, and other various roles. He attended Congregation OrVeshalom and was an active part of the Jewish Community. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eBenatar begins the interview by discussing is family origins in Rhodes and how they came to the United States. He talks about his father’s delicatessen business. Benatar reminisces on his childhood. He talks about his elementary school days and his schoolmates. Benatar discusses his Jewish upbringing and attending Hebrew school. He recalls his high school experience. Benatar then details his time at Georgia Tech before discussing his Jewish organization involvements as a teenager. He reflects on what Jewish holidays were like in his household. Benatar goes into his experience in the Navy after attending Georgia Tech. He reminisces on how he met his wife Louise and raising kids. Benatar discusses his career and his family’s time in Europe as a result of his job. He concludes the interview by talking about the relationship he holds with his children now that they’re all adults and reflects on the Jewish values that he has instilled in them. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29112"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Isle of Rhodes (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Europe (geographic term)","Atlanta Paper Company (corporate name)","Georgia Institute of Technology (corporate name)","Congregation OrVeshalom (corporate name)","Hebrew School (topical term)","United States Navy (topical term)","Passover (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eLeo Benatar interviewed by Shirley Bregman on March 15, 1992, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeo Benatar was born on February 21, 1930 in Atlanta, Georgia to Marris H. and Mary (Levy) Benatar. He graduated from the Georgia Institute of Technology with a Bachelor of Industrial Engineering in 1951. After graduating, her served in the United States Navy. Leo completed postgraduate at Rochester Institute of Technology in 1956n and Harvard Business School in 1970. He married Louise Cure in 1956, who we had three children with: Morris L., Ann Marie, and Ruth Eileen. Throughout his career, Leo served as the former president of Mead, Packaging Company, the Atlanta chairmen of Engraph, Inc., as a board director of Sonoco Products Company, and other various roles. He attended Congregation OrVeshalom and was an active part of the Jewish Community.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenatar begins the interview by discussing is family origins in Rhodes and how they came to the United States. He talks about his father\u0026rsquo;s delicatessen business. Benatar reminisces on his childhood. He talks about his elementary school days and his schoolmates. Benatar discusses his Jewish upbringing and attending Hebrew school. He recalls his high school experience. Benatar then details his time at Georgia Tech before discussing his Jewish organization involvements as a teenager. He reflects on what Jewish holidays were like in his household. Benatar goes into his experience in the Navy after attending Georgia Tech. He reminisces on how he met his wife Louise and raising kids. Benatar discusses his career and his family\u0026rsquo;s time in Europe as a result of his job. He concludes the interview by talking about the relationship he holds with his children now that they\u0026rsquo;re all adults and reflects on the Jewish values that he has instilled in them.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Benatar__Leo.mp3"]},"duration":4199.16,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/188/350/original/Benatar__Leo.mp3?1684888306","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":4199.16,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Benatar, Leo [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BREGMAN: This is Shirley Bregman interviewing Leo Benatar on March the 15,\n1992, for the Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta, co-sponsored by the\nAmerican Jewish Committee, the Atlanta Jewish Federation, and the National\nCouncil of Jewish Women. Let's start, Leo, with some information about your\nfamily. How about beginning with when did they come to Atlanta [Georgia]? What\nyear they came to Atlanta.\n\nBENATAR: My mother and father came approximately 1990, and my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother's brother,\nB Levy [sp], was sent for his mother and his sister and his brother. My mother's\nfather died when she was about eight years old. My Uncle B took over the family\nand he came to the United States about 1910, 1912. Then he sent his sister and\nhis mother and his brother and so they came over. My dad lived across the street\nfrom my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother, and his father died when he was eight also. He was supporting\ntwo younger brothers and his mother. They tell the story about the, my father's\nmother used to take in the washing from the poor. I mean, they really were\ndestitute. They used to live in different people's homes, and they had nothing\nin those days. My dad, but my dad and my mother were very close as young\nteenagers. He told ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his mother that he wanted to come to the United States\nbecause he wanted to follow Mary, his friend, girlfriend, and he worked his way\nover on the ship. When he got here, he asked my Uncle B if he could marry his\nsister and my Uncle B had already arranged for someone else to marry my mother\nand he told him if she loved him then that was okay if he had a job and could\nsupport her. Within a couple of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, he saved up enough money because he used\nto send half his money to his mother and two younger brothers on the Isle of\nRhodes. [He] saved up enough money and they got married in 1924. That's how we\ncame to Atlanta then.\n\nBREGMAN: I understand that both your mom and dad were born in Rhodes.\n\nBENATAR: That's right. Born in Rhodes.\n\nBREGMAN: Do you remember anything about grandparents?\n\nBENATAR: My mother's mother came over at that time, so she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived with us when I\nwas born in 1930. She lived with us all the time. My father sent for his mother\nin 1934, so we had both of them in our house for a number of years. Then she had\na heart attack and died when she was 58. Very young. I only knew her for a short\nperiod of time. I didn't know my two grandfathers because they died when my\nparents were really young.\n\nBREGMAN: Would you give me the full name of your mom and of your father?\n\nBENATAR: My father's name was Morris Hane ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Benatar, and my mother's name was Mary Levy.\n\nBREGMAN: Was the name always Benatar?\n\nBENATAR: Right. That's the correct pronunciation.\n\nBREGMAN: Okay.\n\nBENATAR: It's Benatar. If you go to Rhodes, you go to Israel, you go to any\nplace it's Benatar. I'm not sure if this is correct, but if you look at the Book\nof Jewish Genealogy, tar is supposed to be a pharmacist or a spice dealer, and\nits Arabic. It's not Hebrew or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish, it's Arabic. It means Spice Dealer and\nthat's in the Book of Jewish Genealogy, which I looked up.\n\nBREGMAN: Did anyone ever go into that particular . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: Not in this current generation.\n\nBREGMAN: They were sweethearts?\n\nBENATAR: That's right. Right across from me.\n\nBREGMAN: It did work.\n\nBENATAR: That's right. He got a job.\n\nBREGMAN: How long were they . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: He died in 1968. They got married in 1924. I guess 40 some odd years.\nMy dad opened ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this restaurant with Victor Pipe Shadow [sp] in 1923, Vicks on\nPeachtree, and they were there until 1968 at the same location for some 45 years.\n\nBREGMAN: What kind of restaurant was . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: Basically, it started out as a delicatessen and it was right across the\nstreet from a very, very high-quality grocery store called Camper's. This is\nwhere the Crawford Long Hospital is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now, on that corner. Because of the high\ntech, the very, very high-class clientele, they went across the street. They\nstarted carrying some of the better groceries, the old white rose, and the other\ntypes of fancy goods. They started dealing with the better clientele and they\ndealt with delicatessen foods. As Kroger I mean, as Camper's moved out, they\nthen went into a restaurant. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Type where they served meat and vegetables and\nsandwiches. My dad was always very proud of the fact he always served fresh\nvegetables. He was a fanatic about the fact that he didn't want to use any\ncanned or dried or frozen items.\n\nBREGMAN: What else was around that area where the restaurant was?\n\nBENATAR: At that time there were a lot of residential areas and on Peachtree\nStreet. This was at 555 Peachtree. The theater was right down, was just north of it.\n\nBREGMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Erlanger?\n\nBENATAR: Yes, the Erlanger.\n\nBREGMAN: Erlanger Theater.\n\nBENATAR: Then Meyers Furniture Company moved in when Camper's moved out.\nLawrence Myers, who really was a very, very influential person and in Atlanta.\nThat subsequently was bought out by Crawford Long. It was primarily a\nresidential, very, very nice colonial homes in that area.\n\nBREGMAN: How did you happen to choose that location? That was a gutsy thing.\n\nBENATAR: I really don't know the answer ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to that other than when I asked him\nabout some items that were related, he told me that there was some space\navailable and they had a few hundred dollars, put it up, and they opened this.\nThe landlord was a fellow named, the owner of the property was a fellow named\nJames L. Dickey, who was very influential in the city of Atlanta. In fact, his\nhome is the big white home across from the governor's mansion. I know he owned\nsome 60 or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"75 acres across the street from the governor's mansion, which has\nbeen subdivided subsequently. My dad used to visit Mr. Dickey every Sunday\nmorning. As a kid, I used to go over there with him and we would walk through\nthe gardens, in the rose gardens and all of these there. He then became\nincapacitated, but my dad went every Sunday faithfully. In fact, he was the only\nperson I used to visit. He had nurses in there, and so my dad was there for, as\nI said . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Leo, what kind ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of experience did he have as far as restaurant business,\nor did he learn as he went?\n\nBENATAR: When he first came over, he worked in a hamburger hot dog place at Five\nPoints making hamburgers and hot dogs. That was the extent of it. He got into\nthe business, and he learned, as did all of the immigrants when they came over\nhere, they didn't have any background in that. What they did was they were quick\nstudies. They figured out what it took to be successful. One of the ingredients,\nobviously, was hard work, dedication, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the other characteristic that most of\nthe people had that came over here and I can talk specifically about my dad, was\nthat he just loved people and he remembered everybody's name. He was, he always\nhad something good to say about anybody that came in. He made them feel good. He\nmade them feel like it was great to be there, to talk to him about things in\ntheir own personal life. He had a way. In fact, I meet people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"today that said\nthey came here as a child or people that are significantly older now. They tell\nme that. I used to see it when I was at the restaurant that he just had this way\nabout him, that people he made them feel good. If you can make people feel good,\nthey want to come back to your place. Food can be good, food can be average but\nif they feel good about the experience, then they're going to come back. That's\nwhat he did. He had a great ability to do that.\n\nBREGMAN: Did your mom work there?\n\nBENATAR: Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"absolutely. She was a, I kid her about this, she was probably one\nof the, if she would have been born about 50 years later, she would have been\nleading the women's movement because she was very, really was, she was very\nindependent. She worked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every day. She used to open up the restaurant and my dad\nwould come in about ten or 11 and then he would close. My grandmother used to\nmeet me at, when I came home from school, always prepared something for me. She\nworked in that every day. Up until about 1945, we were open seven days a week\nand then we started closing on Sunday. Because that area started becoming less\nresidential and so many people coming down there. We were only open six days a\nweek. She worked every day for the whole time that they had that restaurant.\n\nBREGMAN: There were a lot of mom-and-pop businesses then where you were. It's fascinating.\n\nBENATAR: Right.\n\nBREGMAN: We'll back up a little bit, if you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would, to your early days, and then\nwe'll move into the restaurant area and maybe your assistantship there, which\nI'm sure they can do that. Where were you born? What street and the area? If you\ncan tell me a little bit about the area of the neighborhood, that would be nice.\n\nBENATAR: My dad always felt like he wanted to give the best he could to his\nfamily because he didn't have anything. They moved from Pryor Street before I\nwas born, and we lived on 10th Street ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a duplex. I was born at home right across from 10th\nStreet School where there's a service station now, and 10th Street School was no\nlonger there. It's some rehabilitation school or something else, but it's right\nat the corner of 10th and Piedmont. I was born at home, and I joke with my\nmother. I said, \"Well, why was I born at home?\" She said, \"Well.\" She said, \"You\nknow, I didn't know. I didn't have to go to the doctor or the hospital.\" She\nsaid, she told me the first time she went to the doctor when she was pregnant\nwas after she was pregnant eight ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"months, after eight months. I asked her, I\nsaid, \"Well, why don't you go early?\" She said she knew she was pregnant.\n\nBREGMAN: She was independent.\n\nBENATAR: That's right. Then, of course, the doctor that delivered us was the\ndoctor took care of most of the Sephardic Jews, Dr. Matthews, who was on Forest\nAvenue. With the help of a couple of midwives, I was born at home on 10th\nStreet. Then . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Was he a pediatrician, this doctor?\n\nBENATAR: He was a general practitioner.\n\nBREGMAN: Do you remember his first name . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: He took my tonsils out . . .\n\nBREGMAN: . . . was it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sandy?\n\nBENATAR: No, no. Not Sandy. Sandy is a lot younger. This is, I don't remember\nhis first name, but it was on Forest Ave where the EPA [U.S. Environmental\nProtection Agency] building is now, but in a house. He was a general\npractitioner. We then moved to Parkway.\n\nBREGMAN: What year was it? You remember when you . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: No, it was probably about 1932 because I was born in 1930, so I was\nabout two years old, from what I understand. Lived over there for a few years.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then in 1936, we moved to my dad, bought a house, first house we bought on\nNorthview out near the end of the streetcar lot right near . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Highland?\n\nBENATAR: Past just the street before Morningside Courts. I'm going to pay. In\nfact, I've still got the papers. I paid $6,000 for the house, and after about\nthree years, couldn't pay the notes, which were about $50. They were $50 a\nmonth, and we couldn't pay the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"notes. You didn't want to sell it because things\nwere tough. What we did is we rented it and we moved to Washington Street, lived\nupstairs from the parks.\n\nBREGMAN: Which parks? City Park?\n\nBENATAR: City Park's. His family, his father, 457 Washington Street, which was\nright between the big shul [Yiddish: synagogue] and the little shul. I went to,\nfirst I started out at Samuel Lindeman, and I think it was about the third grade\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I moved to, we moved to Washington Street, and I went to [indistinct: 12:33] for\nabout five years and then things got a little bit better. We moved back into a\nhouse on Northview, and I went to Bass Junior High and, well, I went back to\nInman for a year and then went to Bass and then Boys High School. That's where I\ngrew up on Northview.\n\nBREGMAN: When you were in elementary school, in those schools.\n\nBENATAR: Yeah.\n\nBREGMAN: Can you think of any of the schoolmates you went to school with? You\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still know today?\n\nBENATAR: David Franco, who now lives in Savannah [Georgia], was a classmate of\nmine, and Owen Bressler was a classmate of mine that was in Inman. When I moved\nto Washington Street, I was in the class with Rachel Alhadeff and then, of\ncourse a lot of other Sephardic and other Jewish people I follow. Rachel was the\nonly Jewish person in my class, and I think she and I and two other people, the\nonly people in the class that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had shoes. I've got pictures. I've got pictures of\nwhat class . . .\n\nBREGMAN: They were barefoot?\n\nBENATAR: . . . pictures in our class that, of all the people that had no shoes.\nWintertime, summertime. These poor children had no shoes.\n\nBREGMAN: This is a thirties.\n\nBENATAR: This is in the, actually the late thirties and early forties.\n\nBREGMAN: You shifted a few times.\n\nBENATAR: Right.\n\nBREGMAN: Where were you going? Were you going to Hebrew school or . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: I used to. When I started, I used to catch ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the streetcar, as I said,\nthat streetcar was at the end of the line on the north end. It came all the way\ndown, the Holland Avenue streetcar, went all the way down through town, and when\nto Pryor Street. Place to get off there and go to a Hebrew school at Washington,\nI mean OVS [Congregation Or VeShalom], which was on Central Avenue, and that\nwould take about an hour, about hour by myself. I'd get home about 7:00 at night\non the streetcar. Those days you weren't worried about crime. Even though ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we\nwent through some pretty tough sections, I'd sit on the streetcar.\n\nBREGMAN: You by yourself, right?\n\nBENATAR: Right. I was.\n\nBREGMAN: Leo, do you remember your teacher?\n\nBENATAR: In Hebrew school? Yeah, it was, we all had one teacher in OVS and that\nwas Rabbi Corwin. He was incredible.\n\nBREGMAN: He did everything?\n\nBENATAR: Everybody. He had all the classes at one time.\n\nBREGMAN: Did he combined classes?\n\nBENATAR: We had a, what he would do is he would put them in different parts of\nthe room, and he would give assignments to each one and we went to school four\ndays a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"week in those days. Then I used to go on Saturday mornings as I got older\nand closer to my bar mitzvah and catch a streetcar, come all the way across town\nand that cut out some of the activity when I lived on Northview with some of the\nother people. I don't think I got harmed by it too much.\n\nBREGMAN: Do you have sisters or brothers?\n\nBENATAR: I have one older brother who's five years old, and I have picked a\nbetter tar and he was also born at home, and he was born on Pryor. As I said,\nthat was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before we moved. He went to 10th Street School; he went to Smillie\nSchool when we lived on Parkway. Then he went to Hoke Smith when we lived on\nWashington Street. Then went to Boys High. Always had to follow him through\nschool, and at least later on when I went to high school and everyone, they\nalways tell me that he was so bright, and they wanted me to be as good as he\nwas. That was tough.\n\nBREGMAN: Yeah.\n\nBENATAR: I wasn't quite as serious a student as he was. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was bright, He had a\nlot of talents, and he was a cheerleader, and he was involved in a lot of\nthings. I guess I really hadn't thought about what I wanted to do because I\ndidn't, I wasn't quite as focused as he was.\n\nBREGMAN: He was five years older than you, so by the time he got out of high\nschool, you were coming in, right?\n\nBENATAR: Couple of years, but we had the same teacher. They would constantly\nremind me that I wasn't as bright as he was.\n\nBREGMAN: What did you like in school most?\n\nBENATAR: I liked, man. I loved math and I loved history. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would. In fact, I can\ntell you about an incident when I was a senior in high school . . .\n\nBREGMAN: What happened?\n\nBENATAR: Basically, as I said, I was a senior in high school and I was taking\ncollege algebra and I used to do all of the problems and I would do them as I\nwas sitting between classes and in other classes, but I never would turn in the\nhomework. About, I guess it was about four weeks for us to graduate from high\nschool. I got a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deficiency, which meant that I was deficient and might not\ngraduate. My dad didn't get the opportunity to go to school. To him, education\nwas very, very important, extremely important to him. That was the most\nimportant thing that you could achieve. He always emphasized that. He saw this\nwhen he came home that night about 11:00, and he woke me up and asked me what\nthis was. He used the few other word adjectives in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there, and I told him it was\nnothing, that I make him good grades in the class and not to worry about it. He\nsays, \"I'm going to school with you in the morning.\" I said, \"Dad, you and I\ndon't have to do that.\" He said, \"We're going to meet and find out what\nhappened, what's the problem?\" The next morning, he went to school with me. My\ndad had never been to school and of course he treated every professional teacher\nor teacher with the greatest of reverence and respect because he said they were\nthe most important people in your life. He went up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the teacher and he said,\n\"My name is Mr. Morris. Morris Benatar. He said, \"Would you tell me what's\nwrong?\" The teacher was shocked. He couldn't believe that someone had come over\nthere to meet with him. He said, \"There's no big problem.\" He said, \"Leo just\ndoesn't turn in his homework.\" He said, \"But he makes a hundred on all the\ntests.\" My dad said, \"How long had he been doing this?\" He said, \"Oh, for about\ntwo months.\" He said, \"How many assignments were there?\" He told him, he says,\nmy dad ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"He'll have them by next week.\" The teacher said, \"Look, there's no\nway you don't have to do it\". My dad said he'll have it next week and walked out\nand I had them by next week.\n\nBREGMAN: Why didn't you turn them in? Just don't feel like it?\n\nBENATAR: I would just do them on pieces of paper and the independence and I\njust, I don't know.\n\nBREGMAN: Just like your mom.\n\nBENATAR: I just, I knew the work. I didn't take the homework's for that\nimportant. As I said, I make the grade because I love math but I . . .\n\nBREGMAN: You took the exam; you took the test.\n\nBENATAR: I made 100 on the, A's, on all the tests. Just the little thing like that.\n\nBREGMAN: I like that. Did any of your kids do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same thing?\n\nBENATAR: One time . . . one of my, my son did that, and he and I worked one\nwhole weekend. I went to see the teacher.\n\nBREGMAN: You tell them the same story?\n\nBENATAR: I did. I told the teacher, it was an advanced physics, and he had a\nproblem though with something he didn't quite understand it. He was supposed to\nturn in something. He didn't do it, but he got it. Teacher told him it was, it\nwas just repeat that again.\n\nBREGMAN: Growing up in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your younger years, I know the area that you lived in and\nthe schools that you attended. Were there any buddies that you had, good friends\nthat you hung around with all the time until you were a teenager? Can you\nremember who they were?\n\nBENATAR: When we I lived on Washington Street, I hung around with my cousin\nVictor Levy and Victor Hamlin and Max Bellator and Raymond Eric Geary [sp]. When\nwe, when I moved back to the north side, my close friends were David Franco, who\nsince moved to Savannah.\n\nBREGMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was so many David Franco's.\n\nBENATAR: This was, we called him middle David.\n\nBREGMAN: Which one was middle David?\n\nBENATAR: The middle David was the . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Not. Curly. Curly, reddish hair?\n\nBENATAR: No. Big David was, he was my brother's age. Middle David was . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Middle David.\n\nBENATAR: He was the middle one. His father was a tailor. Had a place on Houston\nStreet, a lot in Houston and Pryor Street. He wasn't in business with the other\nFranco brothers or such in the rocks of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"delicatessen. He was not in that\nbusiness. He was a tailor.\n\nBREGMAN: Was little David the one on Johnson Road?\n\nBENATAR: Right, that's little David.\n\nBREGMAN: Little David.\n\nBENATAR: That's right.\n\nBREGMAN: Okay.\n\nBENATAR: His father's name was Sam.\n\nBREGMAN: Okay, Got it. Those were your buddies.\n\nBENATAR: Victor and David, and a fellow named Albert Socrates, who lived on\nForest Avenue.\n\nBREGMAN: How did you spend your, what would, did you do for free time? I mean,\nwere you working or . . . ?\n\nBENATAR: I did two or three things. Obviously, I worked at my dad's restaurant.\n[I] use to catch the streetcar and go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over there after school a lot.\n\nBREGMAN: Regular hours or when you felt like?\n\nBENATAR: Not when I felt like it. When they needed me.\n\nBREGMAN: How'd you know when?\n\nBENATAR: My dad would tell me if he was short in the kitchen or in the make\nsandwiches or whatever it was, I'd go down. I generally was down there on\nSaturdays all the time, sometimes during, well that was to let some of the other\npeople off. Then during the afternoons and as I got older, as I went to Georgia\nTech, I work there at night a lot. That gave my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dad a chance to be off some,\nbecause by then he was, he'd been having some troubles and so with his health\nand changed to work two or three nights a week while I was going to Georgia Tech.\n\nBREGMAN: When did . . .?\n\nBENATAR: In high school, as I said, David, Victor had him and Sam Gladney moved\nover to [the] Street right behind Virginia Avenue. He had the transportation\nwhen we were younger. He had a truck, a pickup ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"truck, like we joked about that\nrecently, had this green pickup truck and we would go places in the, about 2 to\n3 people in the cabin, 3 or 4 in the back and we'd ride around.\n\nBREGMAN: Well, that was a big deal.\n\nBENATAR: We didn't have any other transportation.\n\nBREGMAN: You said you took the streetcar wherever you went. That's area of\nbusses. I mean, that's, and transferring and everything else. Who was the first\none of your buddies to get a car? Because everybody piled into one car too.\n\nBENATAR: Sam had the truck. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was the first one that had the truck because we\nwere 16. Most of us got licenses, but it was rare to, I don't know of anyone\nhaving a car . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Of their own.\n\nBENATAR: Of their own, their own. I can, when I was 21, because I was, I worked\nat a construction company when I dropped out of school for about three months\nbecause there was a good job available with the construction company. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helped\nbuild the richer store for homes and some apartments at Little Five Points and\nit paid me a dollar an hour, in those days, that was darn good money. I was\ngoing to, as I said, I was going to Tech, and I used to do the surveying form\nand so I dropped out for three months. My dad made me go back in in summer\nschool to make up those three months so I would graduate because I really did\nthink about dropping out of school and going to work for the restaurant because\nthe engineers in those days ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I was a junior in 1950 only making about $200 a\nmonth and I was making $200 a month working on this survey team. I said, \"Why\nshould I finish school?\" My dad told me that I didn't have a choice and that he\nwas, my dad was very generally, except when it came to education and application\nof yourself. To him, that was the most important thing in the world to get, an\neducation. When I was 21, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've worked with my dad, I've worked for a\nconstruction company, and I worked at Georgia Tech.\n\nBREGMAN: Doing what there?\n\nBENATAR: Basically, working in the aeronautical engineering labs, working in a\nnumber of other things. One of the deans over there helped me get jobs and that\nhelped me financially. I lived at home. I didn't, I couldn't afford to live over\nat school, so I lived at home and used to catch the bus, to go to school every\nday from Northview. You missed out on a few things when you live at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home, but\nthe tradeoffs so I was getting a good education. The point was that I did buy a\ncar when I was 21 and I didn't pay cash for it. I borrowed some money because I\nknew that when I graduated, I'd have a job. I was in the Naval reserves, and\nthey used to pay me $20 a meeting to go to the neighbors. I never missed a meeting.\n\nBREGMAN: I don't blame you. How did you decide to go to Tech? Was that always in\nthe back of your mind?\n\nBENATAR: If I wanted to go to law school, I wanted to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Duke [University].\nWhat happened was that I wrote off to Duke and I got the application, and it was\ngoing to cost $800 a year. Georgia Tech was 47 or $47.50 a quarter. $47.50 a\nquarter. I could live at home. This was $800 a year. I said, \"Well, you know,\nthere was really no choice.\" My dad wanted me to go to college and so I said,\n\"Well, I'll just go to engineering school.\"\n\nBREGMAN: Engineering and law . . .\n\nBENATAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Different.\n\nBREGMAN: Completely.\n\nBENATAR: Not totally. Both of them examined the facts. Both of them are\ninvestigated. Both of them looked at all of the information to come to\nconclusions and in a different way. I was inquisitive and then I did like math.\nI said, well, I'll go to Georgia Tech. It really wasn't a choice. If I wanted to\ngo to college, the only one I could afford was Georgia Tech, because I lived at\nhome, as I said. I want to, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it cost me. $47.50 a quarter.\n\nBREGMAN: Can you imagine what that is today? I mean, $800 for Duke. It's a joke.\n\nBENATAR: Right?\n\nBREGMAN: Did you enjoy your college?\n\nBENATAR: Oh, it was fun. It was good. In retrospect, when I see the college kids\ntoday living on the campus and the camaraderie, I miss some of that. I was lucky\nbecause I lived in Atlanta, and I knew a lot of people here and so I was very\nactive in the Alliance with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the various clubs. In fact, I used to coach some of\nthe girls' clubs over there and that made up for some of the things that you\nmiss in one place, you got another.\n\nBREGMAN: Tell me a little bit about the involvement as a youth at the Alliance.\nI mean, the old Alliance.\n\nBENATAR: Right.\n\nBREGMAN: Away in . . .\n\nBENATAR: Bristol . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Right.\n\nBENATAR: . . . Avenue.\n\nBREGMAN: Tell me about that place. What was the name of the group you were in\nand your buddies and how you spent your time?\n\nBENATAR: I was in LAP, which was primarily a Sephardic group of about 20 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boys.\nWe would meet at our . . . OVS or would meet at the Alliance. We played in the\nbasketball league. We played and well, we really didn't play in any of the other\nleagues because at that time that was the only well, they had a little,\nsometimes they had softball, but we didn't participate too much, but we\nparticipated in that and that was fun. It got us a chance to meet some of the\nother people in some of the other clubs. We participated in social events there.\nI can ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember very, very vividly the dances we used to have upstairs in the\nauditorium. They would have these two or three- or four-piece bands and we'd\ndance and just have a lot of fun. It really was a great experience because it\nbrought all the Jewish kids together in a in a good environment. It was just, it\nwas a, it was a lot of fun.\n\nBREGMAN: Do you remember branching out? Something comes to memory, after we had\nfunction at the Alliance, did you ever go to any of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hotels for functions or dances?\n\nBENATAR: We did . . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Community Center on 10th Street?\n\nBENATAR: We had a few there, and I can also remember we went to a few affairs at\nthe Mayfair Club before it burned down. I can remember those very, very clearly.\nSome of the groups would have functions there or some . . . a number of groups\nwould have them there. That was really, it was a lot of fun.\n\nBREGMAN: If we could move back a little bit to some early times in your Jewish\neducation, I'd like to know a little bit about that Sunday ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school, Hebrew\nschool. Tell me a little bit about that.\n\nBENATAR: Our Hebrew school was on Central Avenue and all of the boys and some of\nthe girls, not all the girls, were expected to go until they were 13 and also\nparticipate in the Saturday morning services until they bar mitzvahed. My dad\nwas religious, but he worked on Saturdays, and he couldn't go then, but he\nalways wanted me to go and so I would go on Saturday mornings and then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come\nback, come to the restaurant. We also had Sunday school classes and I really\nenjoyed it. I love the history and the history of the Jewish people and the\nobstacles that they overcame. In fact, Rabbi Cohen and I became very close.\nRight after, I guess it was I was 17, 16 or 17, I became a Sunday school\nteacher. I was the youngest Sunday school teacher that they had. I would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teach a\npeople, there were only about three or four years younger than I was, but it was\nfun, and I enjoyed it. Isaac Galanti, who since passed away and I we're the same\nage, so we both started teaching Sunday school at the same time. I think he was\na better teacher than I was, but we both had a lot of fun and we both enjoyed it\nand trying to the fun was getting the lesson prepared so the students when they\ncame on Sunday ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would really have interest in what we were trying to discuss and\nhave participation. For a young kid, it was a great educational experience\nbecause it gave me a chance to see what worked and what didn't. I made a lot of\nmistakes, I'll have to say, but it was helpful.\n\nBREGMAN: Were you teaching pre bar mitzvah age or 13, 14-year-olds?\n\nBENATAR: I was teaching 13, 14-year-old people. I guess between 12 and 14 years old.\n\nBREGMAN: Did you get a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good response from the kids?\n\nBENATAR: If we did a good job, we got a good response. If we didn't prepare the\nlessons properly and we didn't find a way to create the interest, then we didn't\nwe didn't get the exchange of information that we wanted. It really became a\nchallenge to prepare the lessons. I can remember when I was in Sunday school, as\nI said, I really enjoyed the history and, and because . . . the difference was\nin our Hebrew school, it was all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about Hebrew. It was nothing about anything\nelse but Hebrew. That's what we practiced. You learned about Judaism, and you\nlearned about the history of the Jews in Sunday school.\n\nBREGMAN: Who taught, not Rabbi Cohen again . . .\n\nBENATAR: He would teach one of the older classes. Then there were people like\n[indistinct: 31:18] taught. There were a number of primarily women that were\nteachers. As I said, I, Galanti and I started teaching Saul Betan [sp] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a\nteacher. We had about 5 to 7 teachers, and it was but it was really a lot of fun.\n\nBREGMAN: That's a nice experience to remember. Then how about sharing some\ninformation with me about holidays in your home specifically and with family? If\nyou can't, your favorite holiday, what you remember about.\n\nBENATAR: The, as far as holidays go, I can always remember that my mother always\nlet the Friday night candle ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with she would take a jar of water and then put all\non the top. Then we made our own candles out of cloth, and she would dip in the\noil, and she would light it. 90 percent of the time it would last through\nSaturday. She had this thing worked that way. It would, she knew how much oil to\nput in there. Every Friday night my dad wasn't home. She would light the\ncandles. I remember that experience from the time I was very, very young. As far\nas the holidays go, as I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, my dad was religious and in spite of the fact\nthat the business was open on Rosh Hashanah he would take off, and that left him\nvery short there, but he just would tell him. He would always close on Yom\nKippur. They had the businessmen around and he'd just tell them, we're going to\nclose. I guess the one that was always, we always celebrated with my mother's\ntwo brothers and their family, and we would have it at one of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"houses. They\nwould all stand around. I'd have to say that while the Rosh Hashanah was, it was\na lot of fun for that night and Yom Kippur after we breakfast was a lot of\nactivity. The one that I really always enjoyed was, is Passover because we would\nread the Haggadah, and everybody would have a good time. Everybody. They would,\nwe would, they would say it, each section and it just got, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was a lot of fun,\na lot of activity, a lot of wild things going on. I guess one of the reasons I\nenjoyed it so much was because the kids could run around, and nobody would yell\nat us. Everybody was relaxed and it was just a lot of fun.\n\nBREGMAN: Who did all of the cooking?\n\nBENATAR: The ladies that the cook. They would get together and they would cook,\nor they would bring the food over. My mother and my family and my Aunt Rachel,\ninevitably those would be, sometimes we'd have the Betan's so all of Betan's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family over. Sometimes we would do it with a family called the Peeha's [sp], who\nwere my grandmother's sister. They, the remaining family members that moved out\nto Seattle.\n\nBREGMAN: Did Sue Burke marry a Peeha?\n\nBENATAR: Yes, she married, it was another Peeha.\n\nBREGMAN: It's another family?\n\nBENATAR: Right, that was another family. They lived on Greenwood. David Peeha.\n\nBREGMAN: Right. Leo, are there any particular foods you remember from the\nholidays that were special?\n\nBENATAR: The party foods ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are primarily of the Middle East, and they, they're\ncombination of Turkish and Greek and so they vary a little bit from the other,\nthe way that the preparation. We always had chicken, rice, see Sephardic's eat a\nlot of rice. We always had chicken rice and lima beans on Friday night or fish\nand lima beans and rice. We have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rice at least 5 to 6 nights. Rice was a staple.\n\nBREGMAN: With us like potatoes.\n\nBENATAR: It was exact, we had potatoes occasionally, but we always had rice at\nleast five times and even more in some families. Then the course, but I guess\nthe staple with the Sephardic's was chicken. I'm not sure, I don't think they\nbrought that over now . . . I think it was just an economic situation. The\nchicken was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cheaper than meat.\n\nBREGMAN: They were already clucking here anyway. Did your grandma, now you had\ntwo grandmas living with you for a little while. Do did any of those grandmas do\nany of the preparation?\n\nBENATAR: My grandmother, my mother's mother, of course, she lived with us the\nlongest time. She, as I said earlier, she cooked for me when I came home from\nschool. She always had dinner ready for my mother. My dad didn't come home ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until\nvery, very late. She always played a big role in in the preparation of the food.\nI can remember even those days, the ladies would always argue about a little too\nmuch salt or just, because there were no such thing as a recipe. Everybody,\neverything was a little bit, or they all had a feeling of how much was enough.\nThey could multiplied by five and still know how much more to put in. There\nwould be some heated discussions ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about which one did the best job. They all work\ntogether. I can remember one time just a little anecdotal situation. We made,\nthey always used to make boyus and the pastels and the bourekas and one time\nthey were at my house they were making boyus and I love the spinach boyus. As a\njoke they would put cotton in one of them for somebody and I kept harassing them\nbecause I wanted one when they were coming out of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oven. I kept rushing and\nfinally I reached in and took one when it was finished, and it was the one with cotton.\n\nBREGMAN: No, and which one was . . .\n\nBENATAR: My aunts, my two aunts, my Aunt Emily, my Aunt Rachel could not believe\nit. My Aunt Rachel still kids me . . . kids me now about the fact that I ate the\nboyu with the cotton because I was impatient.\n\nBREGMAN: When you were at Georgia Tech, you told me that you in the Naval\nReserves. Then did you serve also for, in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"service, if so, when?\n\nBENATAR: My first experience in the Navy was, one time I went on a cruise in\n1947 while I was a freshman at Tech, and we went into the Caribbean on the Coral\nSea, which is the largest aircraft carrier. It was an unusual experience being\nwith all these older fellows and seeing how they operate in the Navy. I\nsubsequently stayed in the Naval Reserves. In 1950 I was called active duty, but\nI was still at Tech, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I was a senior. They allowed me to finish college and\nthen they called me to active duty. During that time, I was supposed to build\nofficer's training school, but I had a job that summer, so I didn't go. Then\nwhen I graduated from Tech, Lockheed [Martin] offered me a job and told me they\nwould get me a deferment, which they didn't. I was called active duty in\nDecember of 1951 during the Korean War, and I went to Bainbridge, Maryland, for\nboot ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp. Then I went out to California to Seabee School. went to, I was in\nSeabee School, and they then asked me to apply for Officer's Candidate School,\nbut by the time I could be considered, I was transferred to Jacksonville\n[Florida], but I was on the admiral staff there.\n\nBREGMAN: How did that happen?\n\nBENATAR: I finished Seabee School.\n\nBREGMAN: Yeah.\n\nBENATAR: Then you have different assignments, and I was assigned to the admiral\nstaff as an enlisted . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Right.\n\nBENATAR: . . . To ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do work in the drafting area. When I got down there, but I had\nalready been transferred before I could go to . . . My orders didn't come in for\nOfficer Candidate School, so I went to Jacksonville, and while I was there, they\nassigned me to the legal department.\n\nBREGMAN: Here comes law.\n\nBENATAR: Right, so I worked for two years, a little over two years in the legal\ndepartment at, in Jacksonville, reviewing court martials for the admiral. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That\nwas a lot of fun. During that time, I, toward the end of that time, my dad had a\nheart attack. I got a leave from the Navy for two months to come up and run the\nrestaurant and I ran the restaurant. When he got a little bit better, I went\nback and finished the time. By then, my orders came through two years later to\ngo to Officer's Candidate School, but then I was going to have to serve another\nthree years, so I just let the term ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expired and I got out of the Navy. I served\nin the Navy, and it was a lot of fun. It was a great experience.\n\nBREGMAN: Did you have to have any background reviewing these court martials?\n\nBENATAR: Just had to read the book on uniform, a justice, manual for uniform\njustice. It really wasn't that complicated to review it. It was interesting\nbecause I got a chance to go to the cases and go to the courts and review the\ncourt martials.\n\nBREGMAN: That's different. Following the time that you served in the Navy, you\ndecided ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to leave. You came back to Atlanta and then, what was on the book then?\nWhere to from there?\n\nBENATAR: I had to get a job. Because I was at Lockheed, and I was called active\nduty. I was eligible to go back to Lockheed as an engineer.\n\nBREGMAN: They hold a slot?\n\nBENATAR: Yeah, they have to for veterans.\n\nBREGMAN: Okay.\n\nBENATAR: I went out and talk with them and I just decided I didn't want to go\nback. There was, it just really was, it was too much of a country club. It\nreally wasn't demanding. They didn't, they had government contracts and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it\nreally didn't make much difference, at least my judgment, that whether they did\nthings better or different, it was whatever the government says to do, that's\nwhat we'll do. I started looking for a job through Georgia Tech, and there was\na, they had advertised for an opening at Atlanta Paper Company.\n\nBREGMAN: In what capacity?\n\nBENATAR: As an industrial engineer.\n\nBREGMAN: Engineer. Yeah.\n\nBENATAR: Which is where I got my degree. I met with them and signed, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they\noffered me a job and I took it as industrial engineer.\n\nBREGMAN: What year is this?\n\nBENATAR: 1954.\n\nBREGMAN: Okay.\n\nBENATAR: July 5, 1954.\n\nBREGMAN: Independent.\n\nBENATAR: I went out and I went to work just right after 4th of July. I started\nout as an industrial engineer and within a year or two I became assistant chief\nindustrial engineer. Then I got I met Louise in Chattanooga [Tennessee].\n\nBREGMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How'd that happen?\n\nBENATAR: On a blind date, the Canon's was . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Helen's.\n\nBENATAR: He became engaged to Helen Jacob's, and he wanted to go up and meet her\nparents because they were engaged. He asked me to go in. Helen and Louise were\nfriends, so they, she arranged for her to have a date with me. The next morning,\ncoming back on Sunday, we went up on Saturday and Sunday coming back. I told\nVic, that's the girl I'm going to marry. It took me two years to ask ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her.\n\nBREGMAN: That was a good move.\n\nBENATAR: That's right I did better than I deserved but . . .\n\nBREGMAN: You met Louise, fell in love with Louise, decided you were going to\nmarry her. Two years later. You made up your mind. Finally. What did you do? Commute?\n\nBENATAR: Right. Every, on the weekends. I would go up on Saturday and have a\ndate. Saturday night. We'd go out Sunday morning somewhere, and then I'd come\nhome Sunday afternoon. Every once in a while, she would come to Atlanta and stay\nwith Sylvia or Giddy [sp]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After two years, we got married in September of 1956,\nand it was a great experience during that time going back and forth because it\nwas Highway 41. It took a lot longer than it does today. Right after we got\nmarried, we looked for places to stay. I remember when Louise was shocked when I\nasked her when she went, what she was going to do when she got down here, what\nwas it. When was she have a job and because she thought that she wasn't going to\nhave to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work and . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Surprise.\n\nBENATAR: Yeah, right. We lived on Little Five Points in an apartment. It costed\nus $77.50, and we really had to struggle. We had one car and she used to have to\ncatch the bus to go to work because right after we got married, they asked me if\nI wanted to be the night superintendent, so I accepted. I worked at night. She\nworked in the daytime.\n\nBREGMAN: What was Louise doing?\n\nBENATAR: She worked the . . .\n\nBREGMAN: You're on.\n\nBENATAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louise, worked for Young Judaea as a secretary. I remember she was\nmaking $40 a week and we took her money and we put it in the bank, and we tried\nto live on what I made. Then, as I said, I worked at night. I worked at night,\nand she worked in the daytime for a couple of years. Then we had a child and\nthen she quit working. I worked at night for, I guess three and a half to four years.\n\nBREGMAN: What were your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hours?\n\nBENATAR: I used to, when she was working, I'd meet her for lunch and then I\nwould go into the office to the plant about 2:30 in the afternoon and get home\nabout three in the morning because I had the second shift and part, and I had\nresponsible to get the third shift started. I'd get home at three in the\nmorning. We first got married. I mean, when I first took the job, Louise would\nbe up for me, fix me something to eat. We'd sit and talk, and then then she'd go\nto sleep about 4:30, and we'd have to be up about six. After a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while it got old,\nespecially after we had the child then it really got old.\n\nBREGMAN: Young love.\n\nBENATAR: Yeah, that's right.\n\nBREGMAN: After your first child was born, she stopped.\n\nBENATAR: She stopped working.\n\nBREGMAN: You stayed with the same company, right?\n\nBENATAR: I worked for Atlanta Paper Company for 28 years.\n\nBREGMAN: What happened after night's . . .\n\nBENATAR: Night superintendent?\n\nBREGMAN: Yeah.\n\nBENATAR: Then I took over the planning and schedule. Then I took over as\nproduction manager for the Atlanta Plan and then all the plans. We had about\nfive plants at that time. Then I took ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the financial and administrative\ncontrol and then the purchasing director, and then I was operations manager in\n1965. They asked me to go to Europe to start up the international operation. We\nmoved over to Europe. What really happened was that they asked me to come over\nthere for about six weeks and once I got over there, they told me that I had to\nstay. I tried to figure out how I could explain this to Louise. I called her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up\nand told her that while I was supposed to come home in six weeks, I couldn't. We\nhad a few more things to do and it would be the same thing for her to come to\nEurope as me to come home. Louise has never been to Europe, as had I had never\nbeen there. She got off the plane, I can remember very vividly and said, \"This\nis wonderful.\" I took a few days off and we went down to Switzerland, and we\ndrove up the Rhine. She just kept telling how wonderful this was. I kept saying,\n\"You really like this? \" Then that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"night, one night, just before she supposed to\ncome back, we had all of the managers in a hotel, and she was the only female.\nThey all toasted her, and their language were Italian, French, Swedish. She ate\nit up. That night she would tell me how much she really enjoyed it now. I told\nher, \"Well, if you really like it, that's great because we're going to stay.\"\n\nBREGMAN: How long were you going to stay? Did you know?\n\nBENATAR: What she did is, I never came back. She came back and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then brought the\nchildren over for the summer. Then she came back and sold the house and packed\nup all our belongings and then brought them back over there. We lived in a city\nin Holland for about six months. Then we moved into Belgium, into a little town\ncalled Brusca, which is right outside of Antwerp, and we lived there for a\ncouple of years.\n\nBREGMAN: Kids enjoyed that experience?\n\nBENATAR: They loved it. It was the greatest experience for them because we put\nthem in a French school. That's the reason we moved into Belgium, because only 9\nmillion ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people in the world speak Dutch and who would they talk to?\n\nBREGMAN: That's right.\n\nBENATAR: We didn't want to go to an international school.\n\nBREGMAN: Yeah.\n\nBENATAR: We moved. Our plant was right on the Dutch-Belgian border so I could\ndrive 30 miles a day to get into Holland where our plant, where we were building\na plant. We put them in a French school. Then three months, they were, 3 to 4\nmonths they were tested and then found to be fluent in French. They put them in\ntheir regular classes, and they did our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"standard.\n\nBREGMAN: How old were the children when you made this move?\n\nBENATAR: Four, six and eight.\n\nBREGMAN: Eight.\n\nBENATAR: The two oldest still are fluent in French. They still speak French and\nthe youngest would never learn to read, but so she didn't learn as much French\nas the others did.\n\nBREGMAN: Do they use French at all today?\n\nBENATAR: Ann uses it more than our son Morris. She of course, continued with,\nboth of them continue, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came back to this country in high school and they both\nwon the French awards for the state of Georgia. Then Ann went on to Vanderbilt\n[University] and majored in business and French. She lived over in; she went to\nschool in France one summer. She worked over there. What Louise did also, I\nshould have said, was that when we came back, she hired a Belgian teacher to\nmeet with them one day a week so they could keep up their French. They did a\ngood job.\n\nBREGMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was an experience for kids.\n\nBENATAR: Oh, yes. They learned different culture. They understood how other\npeople looked at things. Not that you have to agree with it. In fact, one of the\none of the greatest experiences I ever had was being exposed to the cultures\nover there. At first, I couldn't understand because they weren't like Americans.\nOnce you understood the reason for what they did, then there was some logic to\nit. You may not agree with it, but there was some logic behind ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the practices\nthat they used. What it did was it taught me that different cultures have\ndifferent reasons for doing the things that they do, and you have to appreciate it.\n\nBREGMAN: That was a big step for you.\n\nBENATAR: Absolutely right. Absolutely.\n\nBREGMAN: Opening it up to an entirely different area of work as well.\n\nBENATAR: It was a great experience because it gave me a chance to start a\ncompany from scratch. Gave me a chance to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"introduce American marketing\ntechniques, technology into Europe in this process. You got to remember, this is\n1965, 1966 and 1967, 1968, when they really weren't as progressive as they are\ntoday. It was just, and they were very thirsty for American ideas. America\nreally has always been a leader in marketing technology. It gave us a chance to\nintroduce marketing techniques and that was a lot of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fun.\n\nBREGMAN: Were they receptive to all of this?\n\nBENATAR: Some are more receptive to others, but we were successful enough to\nbuild a strong business over there.\n\nBREGMAN: How did they know that Belgium, where they actually wanted this plant?\nWhy . . .\n\nBENATAR: We located in Holland.\n\nBREGMAN: I mean, why Holland? Why not somewhere else?\n\nBENATAR: Where we started, first place in those days, the Dutch were considered\nmore exporters than any other place. Secondly, we had a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"partner, we had met a\nman over there which we thought would be a partner. By the time I worked with\nhim for a few months, it became evident that his philosophies and I weren't in\nsync. We bought him out just during the first couple of months that I was there.\nThen we decided to build a plant. The government gave us some good subsidies to\nbuild a plant, good incentives. It was a good move.\n\nBREGMAN: I'll tell you. How long were you there?\n\nBENATAR: About three and a half years.\n\nBREGMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was there anything or one story in particular that you remember about\nthis period of time that you would like to share?\n\nBENATAR: I think it was in 1967 or 1968 when the excuse me, the Vietnam War was\ngoing on. As it was in this country, there was even more protest in Europe about\nus being involved in the Vietnamese more than there was in this country. I\nhappened to be in Paris [France] one day. Hubert Humphrey, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was the vice\npresident at the time, was in Paris. His role was to lay a wreath at the at the\nArc de Triomphe. He was going up the street of George Sank and I watched him.\nAll of a sudden, I saw these people throwing things at him. It really was\nfrustrating because they had thrown eggs at him in Rome [Italy] just before he\nhad gotten up to Paris. I can remember this very vividly from the papers. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was\nwatching from the hotel of the Prince de Galles because I was to meet Arthur\nHarris there. I saw this group of people coming up the middle of the street and\nthey stopped. There's an American church just below the hotel and this American\nflag hanging out front. They grabbed the flag, and they were bringing it up the\nstreet. I told this fella I was with, I said, \"You know,\" I said, \"these are not\nbad people.\" I said, \"They're waving the American flag.\" They got up to the\ncorner and they formed a circle, and all of a sudden, they start burning the\nAmerican flag. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd never seen the American flag burned. I took off and went in\nthe middle of the group and I grabbed the flag and I put it out. It appeared on\nthe front page of the Herald Tribune, National Herald Tribune. These people\npushed me a little bit, but nobody bothered me. They just yelled at me, being\nAmerican all that. I got the flag anyway and I saved it, and I gave it back to\nthe American church. It was, so I did get some notoriety being on the front page\nof ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Herald Tribune.\n\nBREGMAN: By the way, did you pick up French as well?\n\nBENATAR: Very little. I picked up more Dutch than French because our plant was\nin Holland.\n\nBREGMAN: Over there.\n\nBENATAR: We . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Did you have to really learn the language, or you picked it up because\nyou had to from just communicating with people.\n\nBENATAR: I wanted to communicate some, but basically, people were so anxious to\nlearn English in those days that they wanted you to speak English to them. I\nreally took the cowardly way out. I should have learned more. I went to Berlitz\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a while and then I learned some Dutch, but . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Now.\n\nBENATAR: I wasn't very good at it.\n\nBREGMAN: Did Louise learn any French?\n\nBENATAR: She learned French. She went to school, and she speaks French now.\n\nBREGMAN: That is great.\n\nBENATAR: She's very good at it.\n\nBREGMAN: Do you recall any problems with antisemitism as a kid or a teenager\ngrowing up or in your adulthood?\n\nBENATAR: I guess all of us from time to time run into some unpleasant\nexperiences. I can recall when I was at Inman Elementary School ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that one of the,\none of my fellow classmates was going to have a party at this play club. They\ndidn't, they invited everybody but David and I because we were Jewish and Jews\nweren't acceptable at this swimming pool and so . . .\n\nBREGMAN: Did he tell you that?\n\nBENATAR: What? Yeah. Yeah.\n\nBREGMAN: They told you?\n\nBENATAR: Yeah, they told us, and the teachers didn't do anything about it. It\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes you feel a little bad at the time. From time to time, you'd hear some\ncomments in the Navy. I had some discussions about that a couple of times. You\ntry to get them resolved without violence, but you've got to stick up for the\nfact that you are Jewish and you're proud of the fact that you're Jewish. When I\nlived in Europe, in spite of the fact that in Holland, the Dutch generally\nprotected the Germans, and hit them, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was some antisemitism little bit\nthere. I always felt a little uncomfortable. Remember this in 1965 and 1966 when\nI went over to Germany. One of my one of my sales managers I later found out was\nin the SS [Schutzstaffel]. One time I asked him, I said, \"Heinrich.\" I said,\n\"Tell me what you did in the SS.\" The first thing he said was, \"Leo, I didn't\nknow any of these things were happening.\" I said, \"You know,\" and I just made\nthe comment that it's amazing that 50 million people ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't know anything that\nwas happening in the country when they saw Jews being hurt at all.\n\nBREGMAN: How did you find out that he was in the SS?\n\nBENATAR: One of my employees told me.\n\nBREGMAN: Because Or VeShalom is an important part of your life, and you spent a\nlot of time there as a as a young person. Later on, did you get involved in the\nsynagogue? And if so, in what way?\n\nBENATAR: I got involved in two meaningful ways to me. One was, as I indicated\nearlier, my dad was religious, and we couldn't go to service on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saturday. He\nwent to the Rabbi Cohen one time and asked them if they could have a Sunday\nmorning service, a daily service because we didn't used to have one. Rabbi Cohen\nof course answered now, we could. He said that if they could arrange to have ten\npeople there, he would have the service. My dad volunteered that he would drive.\nHe also volunteered me to be the other driver to go up and pick up enough men to\ngo. We would always have ten or 12 people. They made no difference what time ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\ngot home Saturday night, Sunday morning, I knew that I had to be up in time for\n8:30 service to go pick up a few of the older gentlemen.\n\nBREGMAN: Where was the shul at that point?\n\nBENATAR: It was on Highland Avenue. We started the practice, and I got involved\nin that. I continued since then for some 25 years to go to Sunday morning\nservice and then put on the tefillin because it's enjoyable. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've just continued\nthat. That's been one part of the special relationship with the synagogue.\n\nBREGMAN: You still picking up the men?\n\nBENATAR: No, not all of that. We got more fluid people now and so they all drive\ntheir cars. The other part is that I guess like most of the other people at OVS,\nwe all work, and I got active in the synagogue, and I came up to first vice\npresident. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helped him with the fundraising. The problem with my continuing to\nbecome president was, it was difficult because I travel so much. I asked him if\nI could be relieved of that, and they were kind enough to let me do that. I've\nbeen actively involved in both parts of OVS.\n\nBREGMAN: Now Rabbi Ichay is there. How long has Rabbi Ichay been.\n\nBENATAR: 1969. He's been that quite a while.\n\nBREGMAN: Tell me about the children in your family.\n\nBENATAR: We have three children, a son, Morris, who was born in 1957, a\ndaughter, Ann that was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"born in 1959 and a daughter, Ruth, born in 1961. You can\nsee the Morris was named in the Sephardic tradition. We name after, the first\nborn is named after the male side and the second born . . . My dad's name is\nMorris, and so my son became Morris and Ann is named after Louise's mother,\nwhich was Helen. Then Ruth was named after my grandmother, Rashi [sp]. We've\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kept the name pretty simple.\n\nBREGMAN: Do the children live in Atlanta?\n\nBENATAR: They all do now. Our son moved down from Boston [Massachusetts], I\nguess was about two years ago. They all went away to school and subsequently got\nmarried. They all live here though, all about Mackworth. In fact, they all live\nwithin two miles of each other. When they were growing up, they really didn't\nget along. They fought like most children, of course, ages. Now ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they get along\nand all of them work. My son works for Georgia-Pacific as a marketing director\nand works as a vice president, Trust Company Bank. They all have two children,\nby the way, and Ruth works for her husband, David, in the insurance business.\nWe're very fortunate in that we have three and a half years ago, within three\nmonths we had three grandchildren and then last year, within four months, we had\nthree more grandchildren, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"each one of them. The grandchildren are all the same\nbracket around the same age. They get along. They really look out for each\nother, and they like each other, and they get along.\n\nBREGMAN: Now, when the holidays come, are you at your house or one of the children?\n\nBENATAR: No, we're at our house. We have, we have my brother, and his family\ncomes over. He has three children and their grandchildren. We get about, we\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"invite some friends over, some neighbors of our children or others that we know\nare in town. We'll have 20 to 25 people over for Rosh Hashanah, for Yom Kippur\nand for Passover.\n\nBREGMAN: Which is really very soon approaching.\n\nBENATAR: You're right.\n\nBREGMAN: You mentioned that the children lived in Athens [Georgia].\n\nBENATAR: I'm in Alpharetta. I don't know.\n\nBREGMAN: Alpharetta. They're all pretty much children, grandchildren . . .\n\nBENATAR: Oh, we don't know since we become senile as we get older. I had my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"62\nbirthday the other day. I'm becoming senile. Alpharetta. Alpharetta\n\nBREGMAN: Do you think that you can still get around enough to coach girls' basketball?\n\nBENATAR: Barely. The women have a lot more talent that I've got intelligence.\n\nBREGMAN: Leo. Now, do your children have time to spend with your mother?\n\nBENATAR: She's been ill recently, and I'll have to commend them because they go\nby there about at least once every two weeks and spend a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couple of hours with\nher. They take their children over. That really makes her day because she loves\nto see the grandchildren. Whenever we bring her over our house, they'll all come\nby and see her, and the grandchildren like to hug her.\n\nBREGMAN: When you were very young, and all of the family lived close together\nand everybody's kind of spread out. Do you get together other than the holidays?\nIs that pretty much the only time that the whole family gets together?\n\nBENATAR: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our immediate family, our children, we get together, I guess about once\na month we'll have dinner together or we'll, they'll have Louise, they'll have\nthem over the house, or there'll be a special party for something. If somebody\ngets a promotion, we'll try to do something.\n\nBREGMAN: Celebrate.\n\nBENATAR: Right.\n\nBREGMAN: Are you doing traveling now? Like you used to when you were go? You\nstill travel a lot?\n\nBENATAR: Travel about 3 to 4 days every week.\n\nBREGMAN: I'm aware of your involvement, but I really want you to share the\nactivities of Louise, because she also ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was involved in the community.\n\nBENATAR: Louise was, has been heavily involved in the Jewish community, probably\nmore so than I, in that she was president of our sisterhood. She's been actively\ninvolved in that and through the sisterhood. She's been actively involved in a\nnumber of the Jewish organizations, D'arte and a number of other Jewish\norganizations that she's participated in.\n\nBREGMAN: That's good. I know that you were with one place ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of business for a long\ntime. You said for 20 some odd years. When did you make the change?\n\nBENATAR: In 1981, I was offered the opportunity to become the chief executive\nofficer of a small packaging company in Charlotte, North Carolina, called\nEngraph. At the same time, Mead wanted me to go to Dayton [Ohio] to become a\ngroup vice president to head up all the mills and the corrugated box shops.\nThere was a significant promotion, but I would be the group vice president. Even\nthough this other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"company was significantly smaller than what I was president of\nat Mead Packaging, I was president of Mead Packaging. It was 1972 when I came\nback. After I came back from Europe until 1981, this was a chance to run a\npublicly held company and see what you could do and build a company from really\nnearly scratch because it was only about $22 million at the time. I took the job\nand moved to Charlotte for a couple of years. Although we did keep a home here,\nwe would ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come home over the weekends sometimes.\n\nBREGMAN: Louise went with you. The children were already . . .\n\nBENATAR: They were in school, or they were all in school at the time, in college.\n\nBREGMAN: Louise moved with you to Charlotte, right?\n\nBENATAR: We kept a home here, and she spent some time here and she spent some\ntime up there. The idea was we were going to move the corporate headquarters to\nAtlanta because we wanted to make it a national company. It wasn't so much an\naccommodation to Mead as people think, but it really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was important. Engraph was\ngoing to be a national company. Credibility being in Atlanta was greater than\nbeing in Charlotte. In 1982 we moved the corporate headquarters to Atlanta, and\nwe've grown the company from $22 million to a lot. In the end of 1991, we were\ndoing $200 million.\n\nBREGMAN: That's a nice growth.\n\nBENATAR: We've had, it's been about 17, 18% a year and our earnings have grown\nand now and our shareholders have benefited because their stock is appreciated\nby ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"26.\n\nBREGMAN: That's a nice return.\n\nBENATAR: It's pretty good.\n\nBREGMAN: It's very good. Now you're going to stick within Engraph because you\nbuilt it up.\n\nBENATAR: Because I'm 1962 and nobody else will have me.\n\nBREGMAN: That's true. You've made quite a few marks. You work with family. A lot\nto be proud of. Are there any attributes that you and Louise have? I'll back up\na generation. You mentioned to me that your dad was a real stickler for\neducation. Did he pass some of that on to you? Did you pass that on to your children?\n\nBENATAR: We've tried ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to emphasize education to our children. We're very\nfortunate. They were all good students, and they did well in school. They went\non to college and did very well in college. They all are ranked at the top of\ntheir classes, and they achieve quite achieved achieve more in school than I\ndid. I can tell you that. From that point of view, it was very satisfying and\nrewarding to see them develop as they did. The other thing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that over the years,\non Louise and I's 25th anniversary, we went to Israel alone and we went around\nthe country, and we saw what was happening there. It was just a moving\nexperience. One of the things that I've seen in Lebanon is I've seen the Jewish\ncommunity go through a number of cycles. When I when I was young, I didn't see\nthe cohesiveness because I think that the various groups of Germans and\nso-called Russian Jews and Sephardic Jews ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were separate. They really didn't look\nat themselves as Jews. Then this ethnic variance. During the last ten or 15\nyears, I've seen the Jewish community coalesce into were Jewish first and then\nwe're Sephardic. I was Canarsie or whatever sect it is. I think that's one of\nthe most meaningful things that I've seen happen in this community, is there's a\nthere's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an awareness of being Jewish. Pride in it. We're certainly American, but\nwe're proud of our Jewish heritage, Jewish heritage. I see more understanding of\nother areas than I did when I was young. I think that's been beneficial to us as\nindividual, as Jews and to the Christian.\n\nBREGMAN: It's a different image.\n\nBENATAR: Absolutely.\n\nBREGMAN: It's a cohesiveness.\n\nBENATAR: Absolutely right.\n\nBREGMAN: It's great because you're such a lover of history. When you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get\ntogether with the kids, are you still sharing facts?\n\nBENATAR: We always talk history and our family we bring up. In fact, we used to\nwhen we travel, we would always see who could bring up some fact about history\nthat no one else knew. That was a lot of fun.\n\nBREGMAN: It's great. Do you see any qualities in the children that you really\nfeel like you've planted there?\n\nBENATAR: I think that they all care about religion in a meaningful way and that\nmakes me ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feel good. They care about the children. They are interested in\neducation to the same degree that we've tried to instill in them. After that,\nthey're just so much smarter than I was when I grew up. They're more\nknowledgeable. They get more information. They know how to utilize it better\nthan we did. It's not only my children, it's all the children today.\n\nBREGMAN: Leo, what would you like to see happen? You said you're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"62. You're\nprobably thinking retirement in the next 20 years. What would you really like to\ndo, like to accomplish in the next ten years?\n\nBENATAR: Obviously, I will retire when I'm 65 from Engraph, and then I will\nprobably, from a professional point of view, serve on some boards of which I am\nnow. They'll have me on a continuing basis.\n\nBREGMAN: What boards do you serve? We skip that.\n\nBENATAR: I'm on the Interstate Bakery Board, which is the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"largest independent\nbakery in the United States out of Kansas City. I'm on the board in Mobile,\nAlabama, called KMS large printer. I'm the deputy chairman of the Federal\nReserve Board here in Atlanta, which is the sixth District, which helped set the\nmonetary policy. I'm on Engraph as an employee. The other thing I'd like to do\nis maybe do some consulting. I've talked to one of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the universities about\npossibly teaching a little bit if they see the need that I hope to . . .\n\nBREGMAN: In which capacity?\n\nBENATAR: We're not sure. We're talking about, one of the areas that I really\nlike to work on is as business strategy.\n\nBREGMAN: Throw in a little math and a little engineering and a little basketball.\n\nBENATAR: Very little engineering and a lot of basketball.\n\nBREGMAN: That's great. I appreciate allowing me interview with you this evening.\nIt's a real plus and you're a special part of the state. Thanks so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/transcript/43810/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=4200.0,4230.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Benatar, Leo [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Jewish Committee (AJC) was founded in 1906 to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews worldwide. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Council was created in 1945 when a committee of 20, appointed by the president of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, met to consider how the adult Jewish organizations in the community could be coordinated to participate more effectively in the community service. In 1967, the Jewish Community Council merged into the Atlanta Jewish Federation along with the Atlanta Federation for Jewish Social Service and the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund. The Council became a department of the Atlanta Jewish Federation (now the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta) called Community Relations and Internal Jewish Affairs (later changed to the Community Relations Committee). By 2009, the Council became an independent entity, the Jewish Community Relations Council of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Council of Jewish Women is an organization of volunteers and advocates who turn progressive ideals into advocacy and philanthropy inspired by Jewish values. They strive to improve the quality of life for women, children, and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRhodes is a part of the Dodecanese, which is a group of Greek islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIsrael is a country located in Western Asia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCrawford Long Hospital is now Emory University Hospital Midtown and is located in Atlanta, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Erlanger Theater was built in 1926 and closed in 1987. The theater originally hosted vaudeville acts but converted to movies in the 1940’s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFive Points is a district of Atlanta, Georgia that primary refers to the downtown area of the city. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTenth Street School was an Atlanta public elementary school located at 140 E. 10th Street. The school opened in 1904 and closed during the 1930s, replaced by the Clark Howell School. Mrs. Ellie Dunlap Newport (1875-1938) was its principal for 26 years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is an independent executive agency of the United States that was founded in 1970 after President Richard Nixon signed an executive order to establish the government agency. The agency focuses on environmental protection matters. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBass High School was a Junior High School in Atlanta, Georgia that was build in 1923. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMidtown High School, formerly Henry W. Grady High School, is a public high school located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It began as Boys High School and was one of the first two high schools established by Atlanta Public Schools in 1872. The school began using the name Grady in 1947. In 2020, it was renamed Midtown High School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew school can be either the Jewish equivalent of Sunday school (an educational regimen separate from secular education, focusing on topics of Jewish history and learning the Hebrew language), or a primary, secondary, or college level educational institution where some or all of the classes are taught in Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Or VeShalom was established in Atlanta, Georgia by refugees of the Ottoman Empire, namely from Turkey and the Isle of Rhodes. The Sephardic congregation began in 1920 and was based at Central and Woodward Avenues until 1948 when it moved to a larger building on North Highland Road. Or VeShalom’s current synagogue is located on North Druid Hills Road. As of 2022, the congregation’s rabbi is Josh Hearshen.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ella Smillie School was an elementary school on North Avenue in Atlanta’s Old Fourth Ward neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Georgia Institute of Technology is a public research university and institute of technology located in Atlanta, Georgia established in 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDuke University is a private researched university located in Durham, North Carolina, founded in 1838.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Alliance (JEA) operated from 1910 to 1948 on the site where the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was later located. The JEA was once the hub of Jewish life in Atlanta. Families congregated there for social, educational, sports and cultural programs. The JEA ran camps and held classes to help some new residents learn to read and write English. For newcomers, it became a refuge, with programs to help them acclimate to a new home. The JEA stayed at that site until the late 1940s, when it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Center was officially founded in 1910, as the Jewish Educational Alliance. In the late 1940s it evolved into the Atlanta Jewish Community Center and moved to Peachtree Street. It stayed there until 1998, when the building was sold and the center moved to the suburb of Dunwoody. In 2000, it was renamed the “Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Mayfair Club was a defunct Jewish social club that was located on Spring Street in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joseph Isaac Cohen (1896-1985) was born in Constantinople (now Istanbul), Turkey. He was trained for the rabbinate in Turkey and accepted his first pulpit in Havana, Cuba in 1920. In 1934 he moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he was installed as the rabbi of Congregation Or VeShalom, a Sephardic synagogue. Rabbi Cohen officially retired in 1969, but remained active at both the synagogue and in the community until his death.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosh HaShanah [Hebrew: head of the year] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh HaShanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or the Book of Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippur may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYom Kippur [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the shofar (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePesach [Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzo, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoyus are a spinach and cheese filled Sephardic pastry. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBourekas is a popular pastry in Sephardic Jewish cuisine and Israeli cuisine described as hand pies. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Navy is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Force. The branch was founded in 1794 and oversees naval warfare, sea control, power projection, deterrence, maritime security, and sealift. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Caribbean is a region within the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea and its islands. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLockheed Martin Corporation is an American aerospace, arms, defense, information, and technology corporation that was founded in 1995. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/92290/file/188350/annotation_set/1048/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the support of the United Nations, principally from the United States). The war began on June 25, 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the south. 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