{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/6d5p845d48/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Lutz, Harry"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2024-08-26 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Lutz, Harry (Interviewee)","Fishman, Casey (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Lutz was interviewed by Casey Fishman on August 26, 2024, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eHarry Lutz is a retired actuary. Mr. Lutz was born in Chicago, Illinois and later grew up in Albany, Georgia. Mr. Lutz served as president of his local chapter of NFTY his senior year of high school at Albany High School and was the first Jewish Boy Scout in Albany to receive the Ner Tamid Award. He received his bachelor’s degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology in mathematics and his master’s degree from Northeastern University in actuarial science. He also briefly took classes at Georgia State University where he participated in their newly created actuarial science program in the 1960s. Mr. Lutz worked as an actuary in Boston, Massachusetts and Nashville, Tennessee for the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company and William Mercer. Mr. Lutz later settled down in Atlanta, Georgia where he currently resides.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eThe interview starts off with Harry speaking about how his family moved from Chicago, Illinois to Albany, Georgia after his father’s return from Europe following the end of WWII. Harry’s father worked in agriculture and horticulture with the Department of Agriculture, where he was assigned to work at an agricultural experiment station in Albany. He spoke more about where his family grew up in the United States of America and how his grandparents had immigrated from the Ukraine in the early-twentieth century. Harry goes on to explain how his family did not live on a farm but rather owned farmland just north of Leesburg, Georgia. Harry worked on the farm on the weekends to help his father.  The interview then shifts to life in Albany, Georgia in the mid-twentieth century, both in general and in regard to the Jewish community. He jests that rural Southwest Georgia did not have much of a Jewish presence and therefore, his family attended the local Reform synagogue - Temple B'nai Israel. Harry details the names of the rabbis and how they worked in the congregation. Harry also recalls that Albany was an amicable place for a Jewish family to live in and that he did not recall any anti-Semitism in the community. At the time, Albany had local Jewish businesses and people from smaller rural communities would make the drive to worship at their synagogue on Sunday mornings.  Harry later reflects on his childhood and how he was both the treasurer and president of his congregation’s chapter of the North American Federation of Temple Youth, as well as the first Jewish Boy Scout and Eagle Scout in Albany. He notes that he was very active in Boy Scouts and would go on to receive the Ner Tamid Award. Harry was later asked in Eagle Scouts to represent the Jewish Scouts by the Boy Scout Council to different communities in the area, speaking out about what it meant to them to help others. Harry discusses that he was influenced by his parents to give back to others through volunteer work and how he would later pass on those characteristics to his children and grandchildren.  Harry goes on to discuss life after leaving Albany. He explains that although his family came from a line of farming, he wanted to study mathematics. Harry would end up studying math and actuarial sciences at both Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University. While in Atlanta, Georgia during his undergraduate years, Harry interned with the Life Insurance Company of Georgia. He shares that he later moved to Boston, Massachusetts to get his master’s degree in actuarial science at Northeastern University. Harry was sponsored by the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company during that time and would later go on to work for them as an actuary following graduation. Harry mentions that he met his wife Rosanne during this time through a family connection of one of his fraternity brothers. By the mid-1970s, Harry and his wife, along with their three future daughters, would move to Nashville, Tennessee. Harry explains that he took a job with William Mercer in Tennessee and was later offered a transfer to their Atlanta office. The interview comes to a close as Harry makes final reflections on his childhood, his life in Albany, and his relationship with his family – laughing and smiling as he reminisces on his past.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Lutz, Harry (1945- ) (personal name)","Rabbi Hinchin-Kaplan, Martin (1919-2022) (personal name)","Rabbi Freedman, Joseph (personal name)","Rabbi Landau, Edmund A. (1875-1945) (personal name)","Jordan, Hamilton (1944-2008) (personal name)","President Carter, Jimmy (1924- ) (personal name)","Rosenberg Brothers Department Store (corporate name)","Temple B’nai Israel (corporate name)","Georgia Institute of Technology (corporate name)","Life Insurance Company of Georgia (corporate name)","Georgia State University (corporate name)","Northeastern University (corporate name)","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company (corporate name)","Marsh McLennan-Mercer (corporate name)","Albany High School (corporate name)","Chicago, Illinois (geographic term)","Albany, Georgia (geographic term)","Ukraine (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Boston, Massachusetts (geographic term)","Nashville, Tennessee (geographic term)","World War II (topical term)","The Great Depression (topical term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","Conservative Judaism (topical term)","Orthodox Judaism (topical term)","Confirmation (topical term)","Bar/Bat Mitzvah (topical term)","Hebrew Ladies Benevolent Society (topical term)","North American Federation of Temple Youth (topical term)","Boy Scouts (topical term)","Ner Tamid Award (topical term)","Eagle Scouts (topical term)","Jewish Welfare Fund (topical term)","Jewish Federation (topical term)","Society of Actuaries (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Lutz was interviewed by Casey Fishman on August 26, 2024, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarry Lutz is a retired actuary. Mr. Lutz was born in Chicago, Illinois and later grew up in Albany, Georgia. Mr. Lutz served as president of his local chapter of NFTY his senior year of high school at Albany High School and was the first Jewish Boy Scout in Albany to receive the Ner Tamid Award. He received his bachelor\u0026rsquo;s degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology in mathematics and his master\u0026rsquo;s degree from Northeastern University in actuarial science. He also briefly took classes at Georgia State University where he participated in their newly created actuarial science program in the 1960s. Mr. Lutz worked as an actuary in Boston, Massachusetts and Nashville, Tennessee for the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company and William Mercer. Mr. Lutz later settled down in Atlanta, Georgia where he currently resides.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview starts off with Harry speaking about how his family moved from Chicago, Illinois to Albany, Georgia after his father\u0026rsquo;s return from Europe following the end of WWII. Harry\u0026rsquo;s father worked in agriculture and horticulture with the Department of Agriculture, where he was assigned to work at an agricultural experiment station in Albany. He spoke more about where his family grew up in the United States of America and how his grandparents had immigrated from the Ukraine in the early-twentieth century. Harry goes on to explain how his family did not live on a farm but rather owned farmland just north of Leesburg, Georgia. Harry worked on the farm on the weekends to help his father.\u0026nbsp; The interview then shifts to life in Albany, Georgia in the mid-twentieth century, both in general and in regard to the Jewish community. He jests that rural Southwest Georgia did not have much of a Jewish presence and therefore, his family attended the local Reform synagogue - Temple B'nai Israel. Harry details the names of the rabbis and how they worked in the congregation. Harry also recalls that Albany was an amicable place for a Jewish family to live in and that he did not recall any anti-Semitism in the community. At the time, Albany had local Jewish businesses and people from smaller rural communities would make the drive to worship at their synagogue on Sunday mornings.\u0026nbsp; Harry later reflects on his childhood and how he was both the treasurer and president of his congregation\u0026rsquo;s chapter of the North American Federation of Temple Youth, as well as the first Jewish Boy Scout and Eagle Scout in Albany. He notes that he was very active in Boy Scouts and would go on to receive the Ner Tamid Award. Harry was later asked in Eagle Scouts to represent the Jewish Scouts by the Boy Scout Council to different communities in the area, speaking out about what it meant to them to help others. Harry discusses that he was influenced by his parents to give back to others through volunteer work and how he would later pass on those characteristics to his children and grandchildren.\u0026nbsp; Harry goes on to discuss life after leaving Albany. He explains that although his family came from a line of farming, he wanted to study mathematics. Harry would end up studying math and actuarial sciences at both Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University. While in Atlanta, Georgia during his undergraduate years, Harry interned with the Life Insurance Company of Georgia. He shares that he later moved to Boston, Massachusetts to get his master\u0026rsquo;s degree in actuarial science at Northeastern University. Harry was sponsored by the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company during that time and would later go on to work for them as an actuary following graduation. Harry mentions that he met his wife Rosanne during this time through a family connection of one of his fraternity brothers. By the mid-1970s, Harry and his wife, along with their three future daughters, would move to Nashville, Tennessee. Harry explains that he took a job with William Mercer in Tennessee and was later offered a transfer to their Atlanta office. The interview comes to a close as Harry makes final reflections on his childhood, his life in Albany, and his relationship with his family \u0026ndash; laughing and smiling as he reminisces on his past.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/252/549/small/Lutz_Harry.mp4_1726777556.jpg?1726777564","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Lutz__Harry.mp4"]},"duration":2768.51,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/252/549/small/Lutz_Harry.mp4_1726777556.jpg?1726777564","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/252/549/original/Lutz__Harry.mp4?1726777550","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2768.51,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Lutz, Harry [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Today is August 26th, 2024. My name is Casey Fishman, and I am with Harry Lutz, who has agreed to participate in this oral history interview for the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project for the William Bremen Jewish Heritage Museum. Thank you so much for your participation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Glad to help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=19.0,21.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: So, I just want to begin by talking a little bit about your background, Harry. So, can you please start by stating your name and where and when you were born?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=21.0,29.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Okay. My name is Harry Lutz, and I was actually born in Chicago, Illinois on June 21st, 1945.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=29.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Okay. And how long did you live in Chicago? Because I know that you grew up in Georgia, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=40.0,49.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: I -- from what my parents tell me -- lived in Chicago for about the first six months of my life. At least my mom and I did when I was born. My dad was actually overseas fighting in Germany in World War II. I guess [by the] time I was born, the war ended in Europe. He didn't return from overseas until that fall. And then, at that point, he was still in the active army, and I believe in January of '46 we moved to Camp McCoy in Wisconsin. And then I believe in the winter of '46 [or] '47, we moved to Albany, Georgia, which is where I grew up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=49.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: And what brought your family to Albany? Did you have grandparents there or did something else bring your family to that town?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=101.0,110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: No, we had no relatives at all in Albany. My dad was a farmer by profession. Before he entered the service, he studied agriculture and horticulture at Michigan State University and graduated during the Depression. [He] went to work for the Department of Agriculture, and was actually assigned to Albany, Georgia to work in an agricultural experiment station there. He liked the area, liked the land, and the people. And I guess he decided that whenever he got out of the army, he would start farming there in Southwest Georgia. So that's exactly what we did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=110.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: And where are your parents originally from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=161.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: My mom was born in Ligonier, Indiana, and she grew up and spent most of her life in Indiana until she . . . went to junior college in Chicago and got a job there afterwards. My dad . . . was born in Normal, Illinois, but I think when he was fairly young, his parents relocated in the Benton Harbor, Michigan area where my grandparents were fruit tree farmers. They had fruit orchards. Actually, I think it was Sodus, Michigan, which is a small suburb of Benton Harbor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=164.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: So, there was a history of farming and agricultural work in your family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=210.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: That's right. My grandparents emigrated from the Ukraine, I believe, somewhere between 1900 and 1910. And I'm fairly certain that their families were farmers in the Ukraine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=214.0,231.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Interesting. So, tell me about your father's work in Albany. What do you remember? Did you grow up on a farm? [How was] the work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=231.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Oh, that's an excellent question. No, actually, we had a home in Albany, and his farmland that he purchased was in Lee County, just north of Leesburg, which is about 17 miles from our home. And he actually commuted every day, I guess it was about maybe a half an hour drive . . . to where his land was. And he had some buildings there where they had an office. And that's where they started farming. He had a partner, and the partner actually lived on the farm. They built a house and [the partner] was there. But my dad lived in Albany . . . we never discussed this, but my feeling is that maybe he wanted us to live in Albany so I could grow up in an area where I could go to school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=239.0,296.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: And did you ever spend any time on the farm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=296.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Oh. Yes, I would go up on Saturday mornings. I would go out and work on the farm and do whatever I could do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=300.0,315.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: And what was the community like in Albany? Just the general community and then the Jewish community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=315.0,322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Albany, at the time I grew up, [there were] maybe around 30,000 to 35,000 people in total. And we did have a synagogue there. We had . . . a Jewish community in Albany -- to give you an idea -- my class had nine Jewish students. The congregation was a Reform congregation. You know, it's rural Georgia. You don't have a wide menu to choose from [laughs].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=322.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Do you remember the name of the rabbi that worked there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=358.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: The rabbi that was there when I was younger was Rabbi Martin Hinton. I think he had one daughter and a wife. At some point, he was replaced by Rabbi Joseph Friedman, who was even more steeped in traditional Reform Judaism than Rabbi Hinton was. I say that because I think there were one or two bar or bat mitzvahs when Rabbi Hinton was a rabbi. But Rabbi Friedman didn't think that Reform Jews should have a bar or bat mitzvah and [so we] had a confirmation ceremony instead . . . I think it was at the end of 10th grade. So, the nine of us had a confirmation ceremony at the end of 10th grade. He was our rabbi while I was probably in junior high and high school, and [the rabbi] stayed for a few years after that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Tell me a little bit more about the Jewish community in Albany. I imagine there probably weren't tons of Jewish families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=433.0,440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: No, there weren't, but I think the Jewish community was fairly active in the community itself. I don't recall there being any Jewish mayors or councilmen, but I know they were active and respected in the community. I don't recall any anti-Semitism when I was growing up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=440.0,463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Do you feel like the community was close knit? Would you celebrate holidays together?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=463.0,468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: I think so, to some extent. I do recall that we used to have a community 'break the fast' after Yom Kippur services were over. I remember that there were two or three other families that we were fairly close to that we would have Passover seders together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=468.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Did you have other family that lived in Albany, or was it just your nuclear family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=493.0,498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Just our immediate family. I had a younger brother and later a younger sister. We didn't have any relatives close by. Our vacations in the summer generally consisted of driving North to visit family [laughs]. My mother's sister lived first in West Orange, New Jersey and then in Indianapolis, and we would go to visit them. My dad had family still in Michigan. [My father] had an older brother that lived just outside of Washington [D.C.] in Maryland. He was a scientist in agriculture and [pauses] he and my dad, both . . . stayed in the agricultural field, and [my uncle] was a brilliant guy. I remember my aunt showing me later that he designed packaging for fruit that when you transport fruit from one place to another, he designed these corrugated boxes that the fruit could ripen in and not get bruised at the same time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=498.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Can you describe the place where you grew up? Just sort of give us a visual description. Was there a main street? Were there Jewish families that owned a store?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=585.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yeah, there were a number of department stores or apparel stores that were owned by Jewish merchants. The largest department store in Albany was called Rosenberg's, and that was owned by a family that had been there for years and years. And, I remember, we had -- one of the fellows I grew up with -- his dad and his uncle had clothing stores. [They were] small independent clothing stores. And another fellow, his dad owned a shoe shop and was a shoemaker. So, there were . . . other Jewish men that were salesmen of different types. I remember, one fellow [from] the Landau family in Albany, . . . the older Landau -- the patriarch of that family -- who I didn't meet -- I think he passed away before I was old enough to know him -- was actually the first rabbi, or he couldn't have been the first rabbi . . . but he was a rabbi in Albany prior to Rabbi Hinton. And he had two sons. Both of [the sons were] my dad's age. One was a dentist, and one was an attorney. The dentist's son was in my class [at Temple]. The congregation in Albany is fairly old one. Actually, it was established, I think, about 1880.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=599.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: What was it called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=707.0,709.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: It has always been called Temple B'nai Israel. And I remember they had a sisterhood and the Hebrew Ladies Benevolent Society, which was a little different from the sisterhood who were active when I was growing up. I don't know how long they were in Albany, but the congregation was pretty historic compared to some other synagogues in other areas. I think the nearest synagogue to Albany was one in Fitzgerald, Georgia, which is still there. I don't remember the name of it, but it's a Conservative synagogue. We probably drew from a radius of about 40 to 45 miles -- people coming to our synagogue -- on Sunday mornings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: From other smaller towns?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=760.0,762.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes, much smaller towns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=762.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Do you have one particularly poignant memory that gives us a window into what Jewish life was like in your community? It's okay if you don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=765.0,774.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yeah. I don't know of a particular one. I know I was active in our youth group -- a Jewish youth group -- in our congregation and I was treasurer for a couple of years. I think my senior year I was president of it. [Pauses] There's another memory I have -- it's not necessarily representative of the Jewish community in Albany -- but I was active in Boy Scouts. We did not have a Jewish Boy Scout troop, and I was probably the only Jewish kid in our Boy Scout troop. But I was very active in it and eventually earned first -- an award -- a Jewish religious award. It's called the Ner Tamid Award. And I remember Rabbi Friedman making a big deal about the first Boy Scout in Albany to qualify for that award. I think he recognized me on a Friday, and we had a little ceremony during our Friday evening services. We didn't have services on Saturday morning, just on Friday. And I later became an Eagle Scout . . . I was really proud of that, as was my family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=774.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: It's a big accomplishment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=854.0,855.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes, probably the first Jewish Eagle Scout in Albany [laughs]. I mention that because later on --I think it was my either my junior year or my senior year -- we had . . . the Boy Scout Council in Albany ask a representative of the Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish faiths -- three Eagle Scouts who had each won their respective religious award -- to go around to different communities and make a little talk about what scouting meant to us and so forth. I was obviously the Jewish scout that was in that group, and I didn't realize at the time that the Protestant Eagle Scout that was with us went on to more national fame. His name was Hamilton Jordan, and he was Jimmy Carter's Chief of Staff [trails off].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=855.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Wow. When you would visit your family in other parts of the country -- in the Midwest or the Northeast -- did you notice a difference in your small Southern town compared to where they lived, Jewish or otherwise?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=924.0,939.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Oh, sure. Yes. I didn't notice it too much in Atlanta because we never really spent much time here, but I feel like in Chicago and I guess around the Washington, DC area --and we had some relatives in South Florida too that we went to visit once or twice -- [that those parts of the country] definitely had a much bigger Jewish community with a lot of foods we didn't get here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=939.0,966.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Yes. But speaking of foods, can you . . . describe what your Jewish experience was like in your home? Which holidays were the most important? [Were there any] special family traditions, customs, or foods?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=966.0,983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: My mother didn't cook any traditionally Jewish foods per se. I remember when my dad's mother came to visit, she would make spinach pancakes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=983.0,995.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: She was Ukrainian?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=995.0,997.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes, she was [pauses]. My mother's mother came to stay with us. She would come -- she lived in Chicago -- and I don't remember exactly when -- maybe from the time I was 13 on -- she would come down. She'd come down in November and stay until April [laughs]. Because of the colder months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=997.0,1028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Oh, yes [laughs].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1028.0,1032.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: She did that until she passed away [during] my sophomore year in college. I don't recall that there were any particular foods that she prepared that were Jewish [pauses]. I remember my dad's mother would make a . . . fairly flat cherry cake that I thought was fantastic. We were never able to replicate her recipe [laughs] but --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1032.0,1070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Yes. Go ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1070.0,1071.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: You asked about traditions. We would always . . . light candles on Friday night and I think -- I don't remember if we had one every Friday night -- but we would always go to services. My dad, on three different occasions, served as president of our congregation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1071.0,1099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Three separate times?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1099.0,1100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: [Nods] Three separate times. On . . . each of those occasions, he had to sit on the bimah, and invariably he would fall asleep [laughs].  I mean, he worked all day, and Friday was no exception. He came home -- in a nutshell -- and would go to services.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1100.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: He finally had a chance to sit down and relax [laughs].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1122.0,1126.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1126.0,1127.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: It sounds like he was a very hard working person [doing] . . . physical labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1127.0,1133.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes. Sort of some big shoes for us to follow in. My mom was also active [in the congregation]. She was president of the Sisterhood once or twice . . . I know my dad was active in what we call the Jewish Welfare Fund. [This] may have been Albany's version of the Federation. I don't recall if they had an office, or anything organized. It may have just been fundraising effort for the Federation. [My father] was involved with that. I guess because of my parents’ involvement in the Jewish community and the volunteer work that they did, [it] influenced us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1133.0,1191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: In what ways did it influence you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1191.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: You have an obligation to do something for other people and not expect to get rewarded for it. Volunteering was something you did -- it is an obligation. And so that clearly passed on to me. I tried -- fairly successfully -- to instill that in my children and in my grandchildren.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1192.0,1217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: So, you were in Albany until you graduated from high school? . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1217.0,1221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1221.0,1222.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: . . . And then what happened after that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1222.0,1223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: After that I . . . went off to college in the big city of Atlanta. I went to the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), graduated in four years, and went on to graduate school up in Boston. I always felt though that someday I'd want to come back and live in Atlanta. I also realized from an early age that farming was not what I wanted to do for a living. Clearly, farming is in my blood to some extent, because I enjoy gardening -- but farming is such a risky business. My dad was fairly skilled at it, and . . . in addition to his college degree, he'd also done some graduate work. Regardless of how skillful you are, there are things way beyond your control -- when you get too much rain, or not enough rain, or some disease comes about that nobody knows about. I think it was more risk than I was willing to take on, besides the hard work and the long hours that you have to put in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1223.0,1304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: So, what path did you end up taking?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1304.0,1306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: I wound up studying mathematics at Georgia Tech, and I was fortunate enough [that] my junior year -- . . . the summer between my junior year and my senior year at Georgia Tech -- I was able to get a job as an intern with Life Insurance of Georgia and work in the actuarial department, because I thought I might want to become an actuary and that pretty much hooked me on it. I guess it was the May before I started that job that I took the first actuarial exam, which was primarily on calculus and algebra. Having gone through -- you know, studying for a math degree at Georgia Tech -- I really didn't study for it, I just took it and passed it [pauses]. In early spring, before I graduated, I took the second actuarial exam on probability and statistics and I also took a couple of courses at Georgia State University (Georgia State), which was just beginning an actuarial science program. I was able to pass that exam, too. After I graduated, I applied for and was accepted at Northeastern University in Boston, which had a graduate program in actuarial science and . . . to be in the program, you had to be sponsored by an insurance company. And so, I had five . . .  interviews with two insurance companies and I was hired by one of them, John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company (John Hancock). They sponsored me through this work-study program at Northeastern University -- I don't know if you're familiar with it -- but everybody that goes to Northeastern [University] goes on the co-operative plan. So, we were just like all the other folks -- we only knew half of the people because [we were] only there half of the time. But the actuarial science program was pretty unique in that instead of being four 13 week quarters, the actuarial program lasted ten weeks. The end of the tenth week just happened to occur the Friday before the week the actuarial exams were given. So that was pretty intense preparation for the exams -- three, four, five, or six . . . at that time, there were a series of ten professional exams that you had to pass to become a fellow of the Society of Actuaries. So, if you . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Yes, go ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1483.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: . . . Yes. If you applied yourself, and then put in the necessary number of hours you have to put in to prepare for it -- and if you were lucky as well -- then at the end of that two year program at Northeastern [University], you got a master's degree in actuarial science and you were successful in the exams three through six [laughs]. That pretty much launched you on your way to becoming an actuary. At that point, you can go to work . . . I wasn't obligated to continue at the time with John Hancock; but, you know, having two years of experience with them, we got a chance to see . . . how they operated, and they got a chance to see how I performed. So, I stayed on. I actually worked for them for another seven years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1483.0,1542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Did you stay in Boston during that time? --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1542.0,1544.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: I did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1544.0,1545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: -- Or did you come back to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1545.0,1545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: No, no, [I stayed] with John Hancock . . . in Boston. Unlike field people, salespeople, and different offices, . . . the actuaries pretty much worked in the home offices in whatever insurance company they were employed by. And so, I did [stay].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1545.0,1566.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: How did you make your way back down to the South?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1566.0,1571.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: I started working in the retirement area . . . with employee benefit pensions. Probably about [pauses] three years before I left, . . . my last rotation at [John] Hancock before I finished things was in the group pension department. John Hancock, like any other insurance companies, had a training program for their actuarial students where they would put them in different areas of the company to gain some experience and see where they fit best. So, the last place I worked in was the group pension area -- retirement pension -- and so, I was there for about five years and decided that at that point, I would consider taking a job further South [laughs]. I left [John] Hancock in 1976 and went to work for an employee benefit consulting firm. It was William Mercer, a subsidiary of the insurance broker Marsh McLennan-Mercer [thinking]. Yes, the employee benefits area. Marsh McLennan was a big insurance broker. I went to work for them in their Nashville office. It was an increase in pay and increase in responsibility . . . my job was to run their actuarial department in this small office of [William] Mercer. But it was kind of a personal challenge too, because when I got my master’s degree at Georgia Tech in 1969, I got married couple weeks after [laughs]. It's funny, I went up to Boston with the idea that I would have a chance to meet a lot of Jewish girls. As it turned out, I wound up marrying the first one I met. So -- I don't know if you are interested in how I met her -- but . . . one of my fraternity brothers at Georgia Tech lived in Boston -- a Boston suburb. When I moved up to Boston to start work, I stayed with him for about a week until I could find an apartment. The next day after I arrived in Boston, I had to start work and he said, \"well, my uncle works downtown. He'll give you a ride.\" And so, he did and in the same car going downtown was his cousin -- his uncle's daughter. We seemed to hit it off and . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1571.0,1769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: So, this was your fraternity brother's cousin?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1769.0,1771.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1771.0,1772.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1772.0,1774.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes, his first cousin. Less than two years later, we were married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1774.0,1780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Sweet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1780.0,1783.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: It was kind of ironic that her father was a banker in Boston. Prior to taking a job with that bank, he had worked for the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). He was a bank examiner who had been stationed in Atlanta for, I guess, maybe three or four years . . . [His] last year . . . my freshman year at Georgia Tech, she had probably come to our fraternity house to pick up her cousin -- my fraternity brother -- and take him home for the weekend. I never met her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1783.0,1825.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: That's funny [laughs]. When did you end up resettling here in Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1825.0,1833.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: We were in Nashville for ten years and then the company asked me if I would consider moving to their Atlanta office. Took me about ten seconds to make that decision [laughs]. Well, we thought about it . . .  I made sure that it was okay with her and of course it was. Having grown up in Atlanta, she was somewhat familiar with the South and certainly familiar with Atlanta. Convincing her to relocate to Nashville . . . was not too hard and convincing her to come to Atlanta was a no brainer. Her mom was not real pleased because at that time [my wife's] sister wasn't married and we had her only grandchildren. I mentioned there was a personal ordeal to move to Nashville, because at the time we moved, we had a three year old and six-month-old twin girls -- three daughters. So that was a challenge to move everybody . . . to Nashville. When we moved to Atlanta, the twins were just finishing fourth grade and our oldest was just finishing seventh grade. It took [my wife's mother] about two years before she would talk to me. She was not pleased to move.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1833.0,1931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Did you guys ever go to Albany to visit family? Did you still have family there at that point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1931.0,1936.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: At that point, yes, my mother and father were still alive and living in Albany. Of course, they were thrilled that we were moving to Atlanta -- they were thrilled when we moved to Nashville [because we were] much closer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1936.0,1946.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: [Agrees].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1946.0,1947.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: It was a fairly long day's drive, but it was certainly doable in one day. And then in Atlanta, it seemed like we were almost next door, comparatively speaking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1947.0,1958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: What was your impression of Atlanta and/or Albany coming back years later? Did you notice big changes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1958.0,1971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: You know, there were certainly lots of changes and Atlanta was larger, but we didn't have any trouble adapting to it. In Albany, . . . our congregation had moved into a different building farther out from downtown. There were some issues downtown with break-ins . . . Sometimes cars getting broken into on Friday night when people were coming to services. I don't know if they ever had a security guard or not, but there was some. . . they had some land farther out from downtown that they had purchased some time ago. They built a new building, but the size of the congregation has remained relatively stable. Maybe a little smaller now than it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1971.0,2030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: But it's still in existence?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2030.0,2032.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Oh, yes. Still existent. Oh, it's definitely smaller, because now they have a part time rabbi whereas we had a full time rabbi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2032.0,2046.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: You know, I've talked to a lot of people that grew up in small towns in Georgia and Alabama. By and large, you know -- sort of similar to what you said -- they really didn't have a lot of experience with anti-Semitism, even though they were a real minority in these communities. That seems to be your experience as well, is that correct?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2046.0,2069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes. That's true. I don't know if they are now -- if they're having any problems . . . with a synagogue downtown. I don't think it was anti-Semitic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2069.0,2083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Just downtown [laughs].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2083.0,2085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Just from downtown, yes. But no, I don't really remember having any anti-Semitic incidents, and maybe it just depends on the people and then the Jewish people -- how friendly and open they are to others. Now . . . they recognized that we were Jewish and that we celebrated our holidays, but it wasn't like we were strictly Orthodox and wore kippah all the time . . . or our tzitzit or anything. It was -- we were outwardly different -- but no, we took off for the High Holy Days. We weren't at school, and we didn't work on the High Holy Days and they understood that. They kind of let us go our own way and they respected that. In fact, I still have high school reunions every five years that I go to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2085.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: That you attend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2157.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yes, I do attend.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2158.0,2159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: What was the name of your high school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2159.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Albany High School. Which, at that time, was the only white high school in Albany. When I graduated high school . . . the schools were still segregated. I think they actually became desegregated the next year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2160.0,2180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: What was that like for you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2180.0,2183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: It's just the way it was. I mean, I didn't have black friends growing up other than the guys on the farm that work for my dad. [I] . . . had no problem working alongside them in the fields and we were friendly toward each other. And my dad was very respectful and paid a reasonable wage to the guys. I remember he was . . . strict. He had to do what he had to do. I guess maybe that was just his military training, but I do remember that he would drive around and pick up some people. They knew they had to be in certain places at a certain time, and he'd pick them up and take . . . these people who were living in Albany and were working for him and he would give them a ride up. One guy didn't show up [for] a couple of days, and he told him . . . \"you're out.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2183.0,2249.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: I'm wondering if there are any other anecdotes or stories you'd like to share? That's really lovely to hear about your experiences there growing up in your family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2249.0,2262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2262.0,2263.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Anything else that you felt like we missed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2263.0,2266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Well, I remember playing some sports in high school. I wore pretty thick glasses up until I was 16 when I got contact lenses, so I didn't participate a lot [trails off]. I remember when I was 15, I played baseball that year . . . not so much. Very unusual. I had a zero batting average but never made an out. I guess I wasn't that good, so I played sparingly. I think I went up to the plate six times and I walked five times. I was hit by a pitch once. So, 1,000% slugging average and 0% batting average [smiles].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2266.0,2327.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Any final reflections about your childhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2327.0,2330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Well, I [pauses] . . . Albany seemed to be a good place to grow up. You . . . started to ask me about the living conditions or [about] the homes I grew up in. The first home I remember, we lived in a small house on Mary Street. The road was a dirt road when we first moved in, and they eventually paved it.  My parents had this house built for them. It had two bedrooms [pauses] . . . three bedrooms on the first floor and a living room and a kitchen. It had a dining room too -- I remember a firebox in the front hallway. They had firewood and also, I guess we had a fireplace, but we didn't use it for heat. I remember we had -- they called it -- fuel oil that we used to heat the house in the winter. And I think we had a couple of window air conditioners. We didn't have central heating at that time, but they had this house built with a small apartment up above. It had a large kitchen, one bedroom, a living area and little inside staircase that went from top to bottom -- [there was another] outside staircase with a private entrance to the floor above. They built that and rented it out, and that was the way they paid for the house [pauses] . . . Probably I may have been about 15 or 16 -- no, maybe . . . I was about 13 or 14. My younger sister was 11 years younger than me, and she kept getting into my stamp collection, wreaking havoc [laughs]. Sometime around that point, my parents decided they could afford to not have a renter upstairs. My brother and I moved upstairs, and I think I had the room that had been the living room, he had the room in the bedroom, and we used the kitchen as a chemistry set [both laugh]. And I remember . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2330.0,2500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: That sounds like fun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2500.0,2502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: . . . we were spread out like that. I remember one year -- and I don't know why she went up the stairs -- but my grandmother, my mother's mother, had gone up the stairs and slipped and cut her head. And I remember I had put pressure on it and stopped the bleeding. This was my first aid training from Boy Scouts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2502.0,2526.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: It came in handy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2526.0,2528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Yeah, yeah. And so, they made a big fuss about how I had to stop the bleeding [laughs]. But . . . they were wooden stairs, so it was kind of slippery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2528.0,2544.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Is that house still there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2544.0,2547.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: You know I'm not -- it was there the last time I looked but it's been several years. Yes, it was a brick home, so I imagine that it probably is. And then when I was 16, we moved from there, farther out -- which was actually closer to the farm -- to a home that they also had built for them. It was just a Ranch, so it did not have an upstairs. It had three bedrooms as well. And there was central air conditioning. It had a heat pump on the outside that they used for heating and cooling. Oh, I didn't tell you before that when my dad worked at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Albany, the research work that he and his partner were doing was on pecan trees. It was [around] all of Dougherty County and the surrounding area was just one huge pecan orchard. And so, they experimented with different types of pecans and how to graft varieties on the trees. In fact, there's a radio station in Albany [called the] 'WGPC' which stands for the 'World's Greatest Pecans'. And so even the house in Albany, . . . -- the first house on Mary Avenue -- he was able to take the pecan trees there and graft some especially good varieties on them. So, we had tons of pecans to share with the neighbors. I don't think he ever sold them, but they shipped them to relatives and friends. And even more on the second home -- it was on Ken Gardens Road -- . . . that too was a dirt road for a while, but I don't think it was paved until after I moved out . . . after I went off to college. But I remember when we went down to visit my parents, we would pick up the pecans and the kids would pick up the pecans. I remember when Rosanne was pregnant with the twins, we flew down to Albany -- we were living in Boston -- and she was almost seven months pregnant, maybe six months pregnant. By that time, we didn't know we were having twins. We learned about them . . . with about a month to go [laughs]. She convinced her doctor to let her fly down so that [she] could actually get more rest down there, because [she had] other people to take care of the three year old that had no end of energy. And I remember that, you know, that our daughter was very helpful in helping her mom pick up the pecans because her mom couldn't see them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2547.0,2748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: Because of her belly? [Laughs] That's a sweet story. Oh, well, thank you so much, Harry. It was really lovely hearing about your memories and stories from growing up. We really appreciate it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2748.0,2763.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: Sure. Well, I hope that was helpful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2763.0,2765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FISHMAN: It was. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2765.0,2767.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/transcript/71357/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LUTZ: You're welcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2767.0,2768.51"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCasey Fishman is the Breman Museum’s Archives Director. She was previously an art therapist and did archival work at The Jewish Museum in New York, Boston’s Carter School, and the Archives of the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHarry Lutz (1945- ) was born in Chicago, Illinois and later grew up in Albany, Georgia. Mr. Lutz served as president of his local chapter of NFTY his senior year of high school and was the first Jewish Boy Scout in Albany to receive the Ner Tamid Award. He received his bachelor’s degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology and his master’s degree from Northeastern University. Mr. Lutz worked as an actuary in Boston, Massachusetts and Nashville, Tennessee before settling down in Atlanta, Georgia where he currently resides.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Foundation was founded in 1983 and is administered by the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. The Foundation supports the Oral History Project at the Breman Museum in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta celebrates and commemorates Jewish history, culture, and art through events and museum spaces. The Breman also contains the Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History, which houses thousands of manuscripts, oral histories, and photograph collections, related to southern Jewish history and the Holocaust. This interview of Perry Brickman is one of those transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLocated on the shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. It grew rapidly in the mid-19th century. In 1871, the Great Chicago Fire destroyed several square miles and left more than 100,000 homeless, but Chicago's population continued to grow.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=29.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II officially began in Europe when Germany invaded Poland on Friday, September 1, 1939. Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany on September 3. In 1939, Britain and France had signed a series of military agreements with Poland that formed a military alliance based on mutual assistance in case of a military invasion from Germany. The support of Britain and France proved only nominal, however. Within a month, Poland was defeated by a combination of German and Soviet forces and was partitioned between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Germany attacked western Europe on May 10, 1940. On April 9, 1940, Denmark was occupied by Germany. Belgium and the Netherlands surrendered in May and France signed an armistice agreement on June 22, 1940. Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. The war in Europe officially ended on May 7, 1945, when German General Alfred Jodl signed an unconditional surrender to the Allies in Reims, France. The following day, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel officially surrendered to Soviet forces in Berlin. May 8 was celebrated by the Allies as “V-E Day,” which stands for “victory in Europe.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=49.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFort McCoy is a United States Army Reserve installation on 60,000 acres between Sparta and Tomah, Wisconsin, in Monroe County. In 1909, there were two separate camps named Camp Emory Upton and Camp Robinson; in 1926, these camps were joined together to form Camp McCoy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=49.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbany is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. Located on the Flint River, it is the seat of Dougherty County, and is the sole incorporated city in that county. Located in Southwest Georgia, it is part of the Black Belt, a geological formation of soil conducive to cotton growth.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=49.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMichigan State University is a public land-grant research university. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the first of its kind in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=110.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries, it started in about 1929, when the American stock market crashed, and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century. The Great Depression is often seen as the major turning point in 20th-century world history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=110.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLigonier was platted in 1835 and named after the Pennsylvanian borough of the same name. At the end of the nineteenth century, the Jewish community had become a significant influence in the town. The Jewish community successes saw later generations move to larger cities, like Chicago and South Bend.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=164.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNormal was originally laid out with the name North Bloomington in 1854 before later being renamed in 1865. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area and is Illinois' seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=164.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1836, Benton Harbor was organized as a village and in 1891 it was incorporated as a city. It is the smaller, by population, of the two principal cities in the Niles–Benton Harbor Metropolitan Statistical Area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=164.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSodus Township is a civil township of Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=164.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which borders it to the east and northeast. A third of the Jews of Europe previously lived in Ukraine between 1791 and 1917, within the Pale of Settlement, prior to the pogroms of the early-twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=214.0,231.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeesburg is a city in and the county seat of Lee County, Georgia, United States. Originally known as \"Wooten Station\", the city was founded in 1870 as the Central of Georgia Railway arrived in the area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=239.0,296.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA synagogue is a Jewish house of worship where the congregation meets for religious services and instruction.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=322.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=322.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Martin Hinchin-Kaplan (1919-2022) was a rabbi for the Temple B’nai Israel, a Reform congregation in Albany, Georgia. He served Jewish congregations in Alabama and Georgia before finding a permanent home as head Rabbi at Congregation Gemiluth Chassodim in Alexandria, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Joseph H. Freedman was a rabbi for the Temple B’nai Israel, a Reform congregation in Albany, Georgia. He was ordained by the Jewish Institute of Religion in New York City, New York, and also later secured a Doctor of Divinity degree from Burton Seminary, Colorado.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “daughter of commandments.” A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday. Many girls have their bat mitzvah around age 13, the same as boys who have their bar mitzvah at that age. The bat mitzvah girl is now duty bound to keep the commandments. Synagogue ceremonies are held for bat mitzvah girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the approval of Orthodox rabbis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eConfirmation is a coming-of-age ritual that originated in the Reform movement, which scorned the idea that at 13 years of age a child was an adult. They replaced bar and bat mitzvah with a confirmation ceremony at about age 16 to 18. In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue and child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=360.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAntisemitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=440.0,463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn Judaism, a break fast is the meal eaten after Ta'anit (religious days of fasting), such as Yom Kippur. During a Jewish fast, no food or drink is consumed, including bread and water.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=468.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYom Kippur [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. The day ends with the blowing of the shofar (a ram’s horn).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=468.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePesach [Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzo, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=468.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSeder [Hebrew: order] is a Jewish ritual feast that marks the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted on the evening of the fifteenth day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar throughout the world. Some communities hold seder on the first two nights of Passover. The seder incorporates prayers, candle lighting, and traditional foods symbolizing the slavery of the Jews and the exodus from Egypt. It is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=468.0,493.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWest Orange is a suburban township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=498.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=498.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=498.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosenberg Brothers Department Store was founded in Albany, Georgia in 1896 by Jacob “Jake” Rosenberg (1870-1938). After his death, the family business was managed by his son Joseph Rosenberg (1904-1999) and his grandson Ralph Rosenberg (b. 1931). During its heyday, it was one of the largest and most successful stores in southwest Georgia. The business closed in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=599.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Edmund A. Landau (1875-1945) was the first permanent rabbi of Temple B’nai Israel, a Reform congregation in Albany, Georgia. He was born in Ontario, Canada and raised in Michigan. His family was originally from East Prussia. In 1909, the congregation of Temple Beth-El hired Rabbi Edmund Landau to lead services in Bainbridge, Georgia on every other Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=599.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple B’nai Israel in Albany, Georgia has been a Reform congregation since its founding in 1854 and was a charter member of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, now the Union for Reform Judaism. Edmund A. Landau was the congregation's rabbi for 47 years beginning in 1898. As of 2022, the congregation is led by Rabbi Larry Schlesinger.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Sisterhood is a group of women in a synagogue congregation who join together to offer social, cultural, educational, and volunteer service opportunities. Its male counterpart is called either a \"Brotherhood\" or a \"Men's Club.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe 13 original founders were all members of Temple B’nai Israel. The organization would later work in harmony with The Ladies Aid Society established in 1895, which later became the Temple Sisterhood, and with the Young Ladies Cooperative Society, which was founded in 1901. The Benevolent Society is considered to be the oldest extant Jewish women’s organization in the State of Georgia. In 1979, the board and congregation of Temple B’nai Israel passed a resolution recognizing the Hebrew Ladies Benevolent Society as the charitable arm of the Jewish community of Albany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFitzgerald is a city in and the county seat of Ben Hill County in the south central portion of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the 1930s the Jews in and around Fitzgerald, Georgia organized The Fitzgerald Hebrew Congregation. When the Methodist Episcopal Church building, built in 1906, became available in 1941 the congregation purchased the building and converted it into the synagogue which is used to this present day.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlso known as Masorti Judaism, Conservative Judaism is a form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism. It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance. In general, Conservative congregations also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis, and bat mitzvah). The governing body for Conservative Judaism in the United States is the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism (USCJ), formerly known as the United Synagogue of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=709.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn organized youth movement of Reform Judaism. Funded and supported by the Union for Reform Judaism, NFTY exists to supplement and support Reform youth groups at the synagogue level. About 750 local youth groups are affiliated, with over 8,500 youth members (2021).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=774.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boy Scouts of America (BSA, colloquially the Boy Scouts) is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with about 2.3 million youth participants and about one million adult volunteers. The BSA was founded in 1910, and since then, about 110 million Americans participated in BSA programs at some time in their lives. BSA is part of the international Scout Movement and became a founding member organization of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=774.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ner Tamid Award, earned by Jewish Boy Scouts, is not an award for Scouting skills but rather an emblem authorized by the Boy Scouts of America to be worn on the Scout's uniform after satisfactory completion of the necessary requirements.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=774.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA level of the Boy Scouts, a youth organization in the United States. It was founded in 1910 to train youth in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance through participation in a wide range of outdoor activities, educational programs and at older age levels, career-oriented programs in partnership with community organizations. They wear a uniform and earn merit badges for achievements in sports, crafts, science, etc. The boys start as a Cub Scout until age 11 and can move up to be an Eagle Scout.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=774.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Hamilton McWhorter Jordan (1944-2008) was an American politician who served as Chief of Staff to President of the United States Jimmy Carter. He grew up in Albany, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=855.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Earl “Jimmy” Carter Jr. (1924- ) was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a Georgia State Senator from 1963 to 1967 and as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. Founder of the Carter Center, he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize for work to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development. He is the author of numerous books, including Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (2006), An Hour Before Daylight (2001) and Our Endangered Values (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=855.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia is the capital and largest city in the state of Georgia. During the American Civil War, it was a strategically important city for the Confederacy until it was captured in 1864. The city was almost entirely burnt to the ground during General William Sherman’s March to the Sea. After the war, the city rebounded and became a national industrial center.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=939.0,966.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish holidays, as known as Jewish festivals or Yamim Tovim are the holidays observed by Jews during the Hebrew calendar. They include religious, cultural, and national elements from three sources: the biblical mitzvot, rabbinic mandates and history of Judaism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=966.0,983.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWomen traditionally do the lighting of the candles on Friday evening before sundown to usher in the Sabbath. After lighting the candles, the woman waves her hands over them, covers her eyes and recites a blessing: “Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to light Shabbat candles.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1071.0,1099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eShabbat (Hebrew) or Shabbos (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the Havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1071.0,1099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “platform.” The bimah is a raised structure in the synagogue from which the Torah is read and from which prayers are led.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1100.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Welfare Fund was one of the preceding organizations of the current Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. Its function was to fundraise for the Jewish community centrally and disperse it throughout the Jewish community (locally, nationally and internationally) rather than each Jewish institution trying to raise money individually.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1133.0,1191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Jewish Federation (often known as the \"Federation\" or the \"Fed\") is the secular primary Jewish nonprofit organization found within most metropolitan areas (or sometimes states) in North America that host a substantial Jewish community. Their broad purpose is to provide \"human services,\" generally, but not exclusively, to the local Jewish community. All federations at least operate an annual central campaign then allocate the proceeds to affiliated local agencies. There are 148 Jewish Federations. The national umbrella organization for the federations is the Jewish Federations of North America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1133.0,1191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Institute of Technology, which is commonly referred to as Georgia Tech is a public research university and institute of technology in Atlanta. It was founded in 1885 during Reconstruction as part of the plan to build an industrial economy in the post-Civil War South.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1223.0,1304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1223.0,1304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1891 five Georgians -- J. J. Carleton, William M. Dodd, D. Felton Owen, John N. McEachern, and Isham Mallie Sheffield—founded the company in Atlanta as a mutual benefit association under the name Industrial Aid Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia State University is a public research university in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1913 and today has seven campuses around the Atlanta metro area. It is part of the University System of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNortheastern University is a private research university with its main campus in Boston, Massachusetts. Established in 1898, it was founded by the Boston Young Men's Christian Association as an all-male institute before being incorporated as Northeastern College in 1916, gaining university status in 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Hancock Life Insurance Company, U.S.A. is a Boston-based insurance company. Established April 21, 1862, it was named in honor of John Hancock, a prominent American Patriot.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Society of Actuaries is a global professional organization for actuaries. It was founded in 1949 as the merger of two major actuarial organizations in the United States: the Actuarial Society of America and the American Institute of Actuaries.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1306.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBurroughs, Marsh \u0026amp; McLennan was formed by Henry W. Marsh and Donald R. McLennan in Chicago in 1905. It was renamed as Marsh \u0026amp; McLennan in 1906. The reinsurance firm Guy Carpenter \u0026amp; Company was acquired in 1923, a year after it was founded by Guy Carpenter. In 1959, it acquired the human resources consulting firm Mercer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1571.0,1769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNashville is the capital and most populous city in the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1571.0,1769.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe FDIC is a United States government corporation supplying deposit insurance to depositors in American commercial banks and savings banks. It was created by the Banking Act of 1933, enacted during the Great Depression to restore trust in the American banking system.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=1783.0,1825.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2085.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish men cover their heads during prayer with a small skullcap called a yarmulke (Yiddish) or kippah (Hebrew). Orthodox Jewish men wear it at all times to remind themselves of God’s presence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2085.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTzitzit are the four special fringes attached to the four corners of the tallit (prayer shawl) and tallit katan (everyday undergarment), one at each of the four corners. Any other tassels are just decorative. The four tzitzit are ritually constructed very carefully according to Hebrew law. The making of the tzitzit is commanded in Deuteronomy 22:12: “You shall make yourself twisted threats, on the four corners of your garment with which you cover yourself.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2085.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are the two holiest times of the Jewish calendar: Rosh Hashanah (new year) and Yom Kippur (days of atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2085.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlbany High School was a four-year secondary school located in Albany, Georgia, United States. It was a part of the Dougherty County School System and educated students in grades 9-12. The school closed in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2160.0,2180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549/annotation_set/1540/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Civil Rights Act (PL 88-352) was enacted on July 2, 1964. It outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace, and by facilities that served the general public.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/136114/file/252549#t=2160.0,2180.0"}]}]}]}