{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/513tt4h247/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Copelan, Ethel Aronson"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1986-09-22 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Copelan, Aronson Ethel (Interviewee)","Alpert, Merna (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta: Atlanta Jews"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEthel Aronson Copelan was interviewed by Merna Alpert on September 22, 1986, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eEthel Aronson Copelan was born in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1893 to Jacob and Mary Weyler Aronson. She had two siblings, Joseph Irving Aronson and Evelyn Aronson Goodman. Her mother was from New York. Her father was born in Czechoslovakia and came to New York as a boy. Her parents married in New York City. Her father opened a jewelry business in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1897, Aronson’s Jewelers, and traveled throughout the New England states for work.  \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Aronson family belonged to Touro Synagogue, an Orthodox synagogue, in Newport. The family attended High Holy Days services but were not very observant. Her parents, brother, and sister remained in Rhode Island their entire lives. Ethel met and married Michael A. Copelan in Newport. He was a structural steel engineer and graduate of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They moved to Philadelphia, where Ethel attended Pennsylvania School for Social Work for her graduate degree.  \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEthel and her husband moved to Atlanta in the 1940s to take the position of Executive Director of the Jewish Children’s Services. In 1962, Ethel retired from the position after 17 years of service. Ethel and her husband were members of the Temple and the Standard Club in Atlanta. Ethel remained a lifelong member of the Temple.  \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEthel and her husband have one daughter, Ruth Copelan Geller, and one granddaughter, Mary Lou Geller Winnick.  \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eEthel Copelan begins the interview talking about her family history in Newport, Rhode Island. She talks about her father’s jewelry business and how her brother has continued in the business. She mentions belonging to Touro Synagogue in Newport. She tells that the family attended High Holy Days services but that they did not fast and were not very observant. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShe talks about how she met and married Michael Copelan in Newport and their move to Philadelphia. Ethel discusses how she became interested in children’s services and attended the Pennsylvania School for Social Work in Philadelphia. She mentions that her thesis was home-finding and reflects on the importance of good studies of homes for placement of children. She reflects on her background and experience working in child care in Philadelphia in accredited agencies in both non-Jewish and Jewish agencies.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEthel discusses moving to Atlanta in the 1940s to take the position of Executive Director at the Jewish Children’s Services. She discusses changes she initiated under her tenure and the importance of qualifying the agency for membership of the Child Welfare League of America. She talks about other changes she initiated, including hiring a professional staff and paying good salaries. She talks in detail about what was important to her in that position and how it continues to be important to her. She talks about the board members and her relationship with them as director. She talks about the agency receiving funding from the prestigious Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. She reflects on relationships with other Jewish organizations in Atlanta. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEthel comments on the Board of Directors testimonial dinner in 1962 that marked her retirement as Executive Director of the agency. The interviewer reads the invitation for the dinner, citing the Board of Directors praise of Ethel’s tenure and acknowledged that she brought the Jewish Children’s Services as a member to the Child Welfare League of America. The interviewer continues reading the testament and their praise of her for years of devoted service to the agency and noting changes during her period there, from the postwar period of concern and care of refugee children to a residential treatment center care for emotionally disturbed children. The interviewer continues to read, noting that the agency witnessed the development of several Jewish family and child serving agencies in the region and the creation of community support agreements as a way of financing regional programs. It noted, also, the agency’s improved service to unwed mothers, coupled with placement and subsequent adoption of youngsters under Ethel Copelan’s tenure.  \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEthel talks about the testimonial dinner and discusses receiving refugee children from Europe in the period right after World War II. She mentions that some of the children she placed during this period have stayed in touch with her. She reflects that a very important part of her life was her job. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEthel talks about how she continued to attend annual meetings of Jewish Children’s Services in her retirement and describes how they would acknowledge her devoted service by asking her to stand to take a bow. She mentions that she still attends the annual meeting of the National Association of Social Workers as an alum of the Pennsylvania School for Social Work. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eShe talks about enjoying retirement, playing cards, and traveling frequently to Europe with other women. She reflects on how she has outlived everyone in her generation. She discusses the changes she has seen in Atlanta in the Jewish community and general community. She talks about being a lifelong member of the Temple.  \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShe talks about her husband and his work as a structural steel engineer and how proud he was of her work at the agency. She talks about her daughter, Ruth, their wonderful relationship, and her move to Atlanta. She talks about her granddaughter and their visits. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29287"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eEthel Aronson Copelan was interviewed by Merna Alpert on September 22, 1986, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthel Aronson Copelan was born in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1893 to Jacob and Mary Weyler Aronson. She had two siblings, Joseph Irving Aronson and Evelyn Aronson Goodman. Her mother was from New York. Her father was born in Czechoslovakia and came to New York as a boy. Her parents married in New York City. Her father opened a jewelry business in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1897, Aronson\u0026rsquo;s Jewelers, and traveled throughout the New England states for work. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eThe Aronson family belonged to Touro Synagogue, an Orthodox synagogue, in Newport. The family attended High Holy Days services but were not very observant. Her parents, brother, and sister remained in Rhode Island their entire lives. Ethel met and married Michael A. Copelan in Newport. He was a structural steel engineer and graduate of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They moved to Philadelphia, where Ethel attended Pennsylvania School for Social Work for her graduate degree. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eEthel and her husband moved to Atlanta in the 1940s to take the position of Executive Director of the Jewish Children\u0026rsquo;s Services. In 1962, Ethel retired from the position after 17 years of service. Ethel and her husband were members of the Temple and the Standard Club in Atlanta. Ethel remained a lifelong member of the Temple. \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eEthel and her husband have one daughter, Ruth Copelan Geller, and one granddaughter, Mary Lou Geller Winnick. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthel Copelan begins the interview talking about her family history in Newport, Rhode Island. She talks about her father\u0026rsquo;s jewelry business and how her brother has continued in the business. She mentions belonging to Touro Synagogue in Newport. She tells that the family attended High Holy Days services but that they did not fast and were not very observant.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eShe talks about how she met and married Michael Copelan in Newport and their move to Philadelphia. Ethel discusses how she became interested in children\u0026rsquo;s services and attended the Pennsylvania School for Social Work in Philadelphia. She mentions that her thesis was home-finding and reflects on the importance of good studies of homes for placement of children. She reflects on her background and experience working in child care in Philadelphia in accredited agencies in both non-Jewish and Jewish agencies.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr /\u003eEthel discusses moving to Atlanta in the 1940s to take the position of Executive Director at the Jewish Children\u0026rsquo;s Services. She discusses changes she initiated under her tenure and the importance of qualifying the agency for membership of the Child Welfare League of America. She talks about other changes she initiated, including hiring a professional staff and paying good salaries. She talks in detail about what was important to her in that position and how it continues to be important to her. She talks about the board members and her relationship with them as director. She talks about the agency receiving funding from the prestigious Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. She reflects on relationships with other Jewish organizations in Atlanta.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eEthel comments on the Board of Directors testimonial dinner in 1962 that marked her retirement as Executive Director of the agency. The interviewer reads the invitation for the dinner, citing the Board of Directors praise of Ethel\u0026rsquo;s tenure and acknowledged that she brought the Jewish Children\u0026rsquo;s Services as a member to the Child Welfare League of America. The interviewer continues reading the testament and their praise of her for years of devoted service to the agency and noting changes during her period there, from the postwar period of concern and care of refugee children to a residential treatment center care for emotionally disturbed children. The interviewer continues to read, noting that the agency witnessed the development of several Jewish family and child serving agencies in the region and the creation of community support agreements as a way of financing regional programs. It noted, also, the agency\u0026rsquo;s improved service to unwed mothers, coupled with placement and subsequent adoption of youngsters under Ethel Copelan\u0026rsquo;s tenure. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eEthel talks about the testimonial dinner and discusses receiving refugee children from Europe in the period right after World War II. She mentions that some of the children she placed during this period have stayed in touch with her. She reflects that a very important part of her life was her job.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eEthel talks about how she continued to attend annual meetings of Jewish Children\u0026rsquo;s Services in her retirement and describes how they would acknowledge her devoted service by asking her to stand to take a bow. She mentions that she still attends the annual meeting of the National Association of Social Workers as an alum of the Pennsylvania School for Social Work.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eShe talks about enjoying retirement, playing cards, and traveling frequently to Europe with other women. She reflects on how she has outlived everyone in her generation. She discusses the changes she has seen in Atlanta in the Jewish community and general community. She talks about being a lifelong member of the Temple. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eShe talks about her husband and his work as a structural steel engineer and how proud he was of her work at the agency. She talks about her daughter, Ruth, their wonderful relationship, and her move to Atlanta. She talks about her granddaughter and their visits.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Copelan__Ethel_Aaronson.mp3"]},"duration":9656.94694,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/239/376/original/Copelan__Ethel_Aaronson.mp3?1713049643","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":9656.94694,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Copelan, Ethel Aronson [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Interviewing Ethel Aronson Copelan in Atlanta in her apartment on\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"September 22, 1986. This is an interview for the Oral History Project of the\nNational Council of Jewish Women and the American Jewish Community. Mrs.\nCopelan, were you born in Atlanta or . . .\n\nCOPELAN:I was born in New Haven, Connecticut.\n\nALPERT: You were born in New Haven, Connecticut. Were your folks born there too\nor did they come from . . .\n\nCOPELAN:My mother [Mary Weyler Aronson] in New York City and my father [Jacob\nAronson] in Prague [Czechoslovakia].\n\nALPERT: I'd like to get a little bit of the background first, if I may. Would\nyou ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know how and when your father came to this country?\n\nCOPELAN:I did once upon a time. Let me think.\n\nALPERT: Maybe it will come to you.\n\nCOPELAN:Something like 1908. Could that be possible?\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN:That rings a bell. In don't know. My mother was born in New York City.\n\nALPERT: Were they married in New York?\n\n COPELAN:Yes.\n\nALPERT: Did they live there for a long time?\n\nCOPELAN:I wouldn't think so. But they came to New Haven. The long period was in\nNew Haven. I was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. Why I was born there, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I\ncouldn't tell you because the addresses that I have are from New Haven.\n\nALPERT: Was your father working there?\n\nCOPELAN:He was a traveling man. I can't say he had an address. He used to travel\nthroughout the New England states. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As far as I can recall, he was in the jewelry\nbusiness [Aronson's Jewelers] and he contacted jewelry shops. I mean, that was\nhis job for long after I was married. I mean, I know that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is so. It isn't\nsomething that I heard. He was traveling.\n\nALPERT: Did you have brothers and sisters?\n\nCOPELAN: I had. I was the oldest. I had one brother [Jacob Irving Aronson] and\none sister [Evelyn Aronson Goodman] living. The sister is two years younger than\nmy daughter.\n\nALPERT: Your sister is two years younger than your daughter.\n\nCOPELAN: Two years younger than my daughter. I only have one child.\n\nALPERT: Oh, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my. May I ask, when you were born?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. 19 . . . now I've forgotten. Is it 1984?\n\nALPERT: It is now 1986.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't remember when I was born. September 5th is my birthday. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ruthie,\nhow old is my daughter?\n\nALPERT: How old are you now? That would be good enough.\n\nCOPELAN: I am now 93.\n\nALPERT: That's wonderful.\n\nCOPELAN: I have lived a long, long time, and I certainly don't remember when I\nwas born.\n\nALPERT: I wouldn't expect you to.\n\nCOPELAN: I know that I was born in New Haven, Connecticut.\n\nALPERT: Did you live there most of your growing up childhood?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN:No. Most of my growing up childhood was in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania].\nWhy, I couldn't tell you, but that's where I . . .\n\nRUTH: Mother.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: You lived in Philadelphia.\n\nCOPELAN:Many years. I mean, I went to school and Philadelphia.\n\nALPERT: Were they public schools?\n\nCOPELAN:Yes. Outside of when I went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Pennsylvania School for Social work.\nThat was my graduate school. I'm trying to think what year I graduated. I got a diploma.\n\nALPERT: We can hold that for now, certainly. If your father was traveling on his\nbusiness, was your mother a very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strong lady in terms of running the household\nand caring for you?\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, yes. She was the boss without any doubt.\n\nALPERT: Was it an Orthodox household?\n\nCOPELAN: No. Definitely not. Far from.\n\nALPERT: Did you have any kind of Jewish background at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all?\n\nCOPELAN: That's the sad part. I haven't taken it either. I haven't gotten it, whatever.\n\nALPERT: But there was never any question in your parent's minds of a family that\nthis was a Jewish household.\n\nCOPELAN: No, we were reared as Jewish kids. We belonged to the synagogue in\nNewport. There was no such thing as a temple.\n\nALPERT: That's right.\n\nCOPELAN:We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"belonged to the synagogue, which was Orthodox. We went on the High\nHolidays [High Holy Days]. That was it. We didn't fast. We didn't do any of the\nthings that one is supposed to do. We just didn't. Neither my father nor my\nmother were religious people.\n\nALPERT: But was there a any kind of a feeling or observance of being Jewish in\nyour ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home. In your parents' home?\n\nCOPELAN: No, it was not an Orthodox household in any sense of the word. I mean,\nwe never denied we were Jewish. We kept the High Holidays. I mean, we didn't go\nto school.\n\nALPERT: I understand.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't say we fasted. I don't think we did. I don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recall fasting as\na child.\n\nALPERT: Were other holidays observed at all or anything special for Friday night\nor anything like that?\n\nCOPELAN: No.\n\nALPERT: Tell me, did you have a large family?\n\nCOPELAN: Very small. A very small family. My mother had one sister, and my\nfather had no brothers or sisters. My mother's sister lived in Providence, Rhode\nIsland. She had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one son, my only first cousin I had. He's dead many years now.\nI've outlived my family. I really don't have any. I have my daughter. Even my\nhusband [Michael A. Coplan] has been dead for 25 years. It's been a long period,\nwhat I call, by ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"myself.\n\nALPERT: Right. You've lived over this time. There have been so many changes in\nthe world.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. That I know.\n\nALPERT: What is the most outstanding change, either in things, like cars or\nairplanes or ideas that sort of come to your mind first?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know. I was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"card player. I spent my leisure time with a group\nof women that were similarly interested. We used to go to Florida in the winter.\nI think we stayed in Atlanta in most of the summer, but we took trips. We went\nto Europe. We did the things. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all did things. All of us in financial position\nto be comfortable. I don't say we were top row, but we had whatever we needed\nand wanted to do and were able to do.\n\nALPERT: That's great. Tell me, did you meet your husband when you were living in\nPhiladelphia or in . . .\n\nCOPELAN: No, when I lived in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newport, Rhode Island. I go back much further than\nPhiladelphia. I lived in Newport. I met my husband in Newport. He was stationed\nin Newport.\n\nALPERT: He was in the armed services?\n\nCOPELAN: It wasn't armed services. It was something else. He was a structural\nsteel engineer, a graduate of Tech. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology. A\nstranger in Newport contacting the Newport families. I was one of the contacts,\nalong with others.\n\nALPERT: Was this before or after you went to the Pennsylvania School of Social Work?\n\nCOPELAN: No, I did that after I was married.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: So, you met your husband in Newport, Rhode Island. Then you went to\nschool in Philadelphia after that. It meant you moved there.\n\nCOPELAN: That was with my family, my own family, not my original family. Not\nwith my parents. My family stayed and are ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still in Newport, Rhode Island. I have\na sister and a brother still living there. I am the oldest and in best health, too.\n\nALPERT: Great. That's the best of all.\n\nCOPELAN: My brother was in a serious automobile accident about four or five\nyears ago. I haven't seen him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since. I understand that he was pretty badly hurt.\n\nALPERT: I'm sorry.\n\nCOPELAN: We keep in touch on the telephone on Sundays, which is, \"How are you?\"\nI mean, they're not interested in what I'm doing. I'm sure I not interested in\nwhat they're doing in a little town. I have a sister and a brother, and they're\nstill living ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. He's a widower, and she's a widow. But they don't live\ntogether. They each have their own homes, and whatever. They have their own\nlives. My brother still runs his business, which is a jewelry business. It was\nmy father's for many years. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evelyn, I guess, does nothing. That's my sister. As\nfar as I know. I think they visited in all the years that I've lived here, my\nbrother hasn't been there. My sister has visited. But not my brother. He's\nalways too busy.\n\nALPERT: That's good that he's still running his business.\n\nCOPELAN: He still gets up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every day and goes to his store. He owns the streets,\nas he says. He's been there longer than anybody else on the street.\n\nALPERT: How did you get to Atlanta?\n\nCOPELAN: My job. I became the Executive Director of the Jewish Children's\nServices, which was a child caring agency here in the South, covering five\nstates. Hi.\n\nRUTH: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hi.\n\nALPERT: In other words, you came to Atlanta because of your job.\n\nCOPELAN: My job.\n\nALPERT: And your husband came with you?\n\nCOPELAN: No, his job at the time was down in Miami. From Miami, he went to\nChicago. He was the lead structural steel engineer. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always worked. Up until\nthe time he died, he was working. He had a job. He was a graduate of Tech. Not\nGeorgia Tech [Georgia Institute of Technology], but MIT. And a top scholar, by\nthe way. Very bright man. I guess you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't want to know anything about him, but\nhe really was quite unusual. His thesis has recently been erected by the fact\nthat his thesis was a moving stair walk in the Boston Commons. I think they've\ndone something with it. I don't know. I have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never been back, but I understand\nthat they used his thesis.\n\nALPERT: That's fascinating. Your husband also had a traveling job. He would go\nfrom one city to another.\n\nCOPELAN: Not in recent years.\n\nALPERT: But at the beginning.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. At the beginning he did whatever.\n\nALPERT: How did he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feel about your working?\n\nCOPELAN: Very proud. There weren't many women working in my day.\n\nALPERT: That's why I ask.\n\nCOPELAN: He thought I was most unusual, not that I was. He thought so. He was\nvery proud of the fact that . . . I was always the executive director of\nwherever I was.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Where else did you work besides the Jewish Children's Bureau here in\nAtlanta? Where were you the director of in any city?\n\nCOPELAN: I can't even remember.\n\nALPERT: Did you work before you came to Atlanta? This was your first job?\n\nCOPELAN: My first job.\n\nALPERT: And you were hired for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the director's post on your first job?\n\nCOPELAN: On my first job.\n\nALPERT: How come?\n\nCOPELAN: I was a top student, for one thing. And I was interested in coming to\nthe south because my husband was in Florida. I didn't realize it was that far\naway from Atlanta. That's how smart I was. I never was in the south. I thought,\nwhy not? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll come on this job. Where was I working before that, I'm trying to\nthink. I know where I worked before. I don't remember.\n\nALPERT: What led you to go to social work school in your youth?\n\nCOPELAN: In my youth, I worked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a person. It was called the Seibert Child\nStudy Home [sp] in Philadelphia. I had a job there. I played the piano, and I\ntaught kids music. I don't think I knew ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too much about social work or anything\nlike that. That came later because the director of the Seibert School of Child\nStudy was a social worker, a professional social worker, and insisted that I had\nto go to a school for social work. I went and I did graduate eventually. I held\nthe job ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the time that I was going to school. They kept me on the job.\n\nALPERT: It was a part time job.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. Whatever can I tell you about that? It's the most enjoyable period\nin my life. I enjoyed the people that I contacted, those I worked with, and\nthose I didn't work ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with. I traveled because we covered five states.\n\nALPERT: Was this a home for orphaned children?\n\nCOPELAN: I was originally but not in my day. When I came to the agency, whether\nI instituted it or not, I can't quite remember. But I was a child placing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agency\nover the five states. That's what I did, place children for adoption and for\nboarding care. Boarding care occurred in Atlanta. This was headquarters. It's\nwhere I lived.\n\nALPERT: I was talking about the home in Philadelphia. But you were talking about\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Children's Services in Atlanta.\n\nCOPELAN: Here in Atlanta.\n\nALPERT: It was a child placing agency?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know whether it was then, but it became one. I don't know what\nit was before, because when I got here, I found nothing but lay people running\nthe job. Very sloppy. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was imperative to me that we become a member of the\nChild Welfare League of America. I couldn't think of being attached to an agency\nthat wasn't eligible to be a member of the Child Welfare League of America. And\nwe did become a member of the Child Welfare League of America very shortly after\nI got here, because I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"felt it was most imperative. I couldn't see going around\nand saying we were not. We covered five states, and I felt it was imperative to\nthem to know that the background of the person they were contacting was worthy\nof their attention because there would be a lay group that I was contacting\nwherever I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went. There were no professionals. Agencies were run by lay people.\nThat was a long time ago, remember that.\n\nALPERT: I wish you could remember the decade. Was it in the Twenties or in the\nThirties or the Forties?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: I lived in Atlanta. Ruth, do you remember the date that we came to Atlanta?\n\nRUTH: You came before I did. I think I came in about 1948.\n\nALPERT: Maybe it will come back to you later. If so, just pop out with it.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, it's been a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"long time.\n\nALPERT: That's why I didn't ask for a specific date. I asked for the decade. It\nwas after World War I. Right?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: And before World War II.\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, yes. I lived through World War II. I don't remember too much about\nWorld War I. I'm trying to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think back. Was I in Newport? I lived a long time in\nPhiladelphia. Before I came to Atlanta, I lived in Philadelphia. I went to\nschool in Philadelphia.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: You lived with your husband in Philadelphia?\n\nCOPELAN: Philadelphia. He died here in Atlanta. That's a long time ago, too,\ncome to think of it. It's about 26, 27 years since he has been dead. I've gotten\nused to living by myself with my daughter.\n\nALPERT: Did she live with you also while your husband was alive, or no?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. She came to live with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us. I have one grandchild [Mary Lou Geller\nWinnick], who lives in Connecticut.\n\nALPERT: You are a widely scattered family. You need that telephone, don't you?\n\nCOPELAN: You're not kidding. I don't like the bills. But I say call me whenever\nyou feel like it. I'm glad to hear from them. So, Sundays is a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"busy telephone\nday with the family, what family I have. I have a brother and a sister in\nNewport. My daughter is here with me. My granddaughter lives in Connecticut. She\ncomes. She likes to travel, so she comes. Listen, I'm the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"matriarch. You have to\ncome. I got the money. Remember that. They keep in very close to touch with me.\nI always say that may not be. It has something to do with it, without a question.\n\nALPERT: But I'm sure it's not the only reason.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't think so. But, listen, it's good ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reason.\n\nALPERT: Maybe we can get more about the Jewish Children's Bureau here. First,\nyou professionalized it. You had contact throughout five . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Five states. Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.\nThat, I know.\n\nALPERT: And you placed children for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adoption.\n\nCOPELAN: Adoption and boarding care. Boarding care, primarily. Adoption, if it\nwas available. I mean, if it a child was available.\n\nALPERT: Jewish children.\n\nCOPELAN: Only Jewish children. We would take a child that was reared as a Jewish\nchild, whether the father might have been gentile. The mother was Jewish. That\ngave the proper context for our agency to place. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There had to be that. I mean,\nwe would not take it if it was a Jewish father.\n\nALPERT: Where did the children come from, in the sense that . . . how did you\nfind the children who needed placement?\n\nCOPELAN: They came to us. Come from anywhere in the United States. I didn't care\nwhere they came from if they were willing to have a placement ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in our five-state\narea. I didn't place outside of our five-state area, but I took the children\nfrom wherever.\n\nALPERT: Were these children either parents who were divorced or unwed mothers or what?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, unwed mothers for the most part. We served unwed mothers wherever\nthey came from. If they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"landed in the five-state area, we were available for\nservices to them, and we gave that service. If they wanted to keep that child,\nthat was okay too with us. We didn't force any separation to get a child.\n\nALPERT: But you worked with them even though they wanted to keep their child?\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, yes, sure. That is, financially, we helped more than we gave ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actual\nservice. The agency still has money. It's still in existence.\n\nALPERT: I know. Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: It's based on the fact that there was the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund\nthat we had, which is still going strong.\n\nALPERT: Was it here when you when you came to this job?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: That's wonderful.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: Never was it any problem along finance. Salaries. Whatever. We paid\ngood salaries to workers. I was from the North. I came to a place where salaries\n-- who paid salaries? For social workers, it was for nothing. I did institute\nsalaries. Social work as a professional job, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we wanted professional people.\nWe had to pay for them. The board went along with me, and that was it.\n\nALPERT: How long were you with that agency here in Atlanta?\n\nCOPELAN: I think it said 17 years. I think it's in there. I'm not sure. You\nbetter read. It's not that long.\n\nALPERT: I'll read it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was when you retired. You retired in . . . Let's get\na date. This was in 1963. That's when you retired from the agency?\n\nCOPELAN: Or 1962. At the end of 1962.\n\nALPERT: But in that time period.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. That man's picture is the person ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that took over my job, and he is\ndead. I'm still living. Faun [sp]. No. Armon Mae [sp] was my president, and he\nwas my vice president. They're both dead.\n\nALPERT: Oh, my. Yes, you are Faun---.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, and he's dead.\n\nALPERT: Oh my goodness.\n\nCOPELAN: I outlive everybody. I don't know whether it's because I'm so good or not.\n\nALPERT: I'm sure of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it.\n\nCOPELAN: But I do. I have outlived my generation, even with friends in Atlanta.\nI had very close friends here in Atlanta. I've enjoyed my life in Atlanta.\n\nALPERT: Good.\n\nCOPELAN: Every close friend I've had has passed away. I've enjoyed. Their\nchildren, somehow, have kept in touch with me, which I appreciate.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: How do you feel about outliving so many people you knew?\n\nCOPELAN: I have enjoyed my life. I still enjoy it. I go . . . I hate to cook. My\ndaughter and I hate to cook, so we eat out. Look at the cigarette matches that I\ncollect from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"restaurants. I still collect them, but I long longer smoke. Neither\ndoes my daughter. I was a heavy, not a light smoker, but a very heavy smoker for\nyears. I haven't smoked for years either. When I made up my mind to quit, I\nquit. Like everything else I did, I either did it, or I didn't do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. Whatever,\nI did, I did strongly. I mean, there was no halfway measure with anything that I\nattempted. It had to be the best. I mean, that was how I functioned. Either I\ndid it or simply gave up and didn't do.\n\nALPERT: It was not difficult for you to make decisions.\n\nCOPELAN: No. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ever. I stuck by them. I'm not sure if its good, bad, or\nindifferent. I wouldn't be talked into going back into a job again when I\ndecided to retire.\n\nALPERT: Why did you decide to retire from the Jewish Children's Services.\n\nCOPELAN: Age, I think.\n\nALPERT: Were you tired of that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of work?\n\nCOPELAN: No, I didn't get tired of it. But I did get to be 65. It was 67 when I\nwould retire. I thought two more years was enough. I decided if I would stay, I\nguess they would have kicked me out. I mean, I never had any problem around\njobs. Somehow or another, everything seemed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come my way as the job was concerned.\n\nALPERT: Tell me, while we're talking about that part of your life and job, what\nchanges took place while you were there? Or what changes did you initiate at the\nJewish Children's Services?\n\nCOPELAN: I got rid of all the volunteer workers, for one thing, and I had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"professional staff.\n\nALPERT: Then the staff grew during your period?\n\nCOPELAN: And it grew from one to four. I think four was my maximum, which\nincluded me. I dropped volunteer workers. I didn't appreciate that end of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job.\n\nALPERT: Did you see any place for volunteer workers within the total, besides\nthe board of directors, I mean.\n\nCOPELAN: They were on the boards, definitely. I gave them plenty of honor as\nboard members. I reported to them and made them feel very much a part of the\nagency, although they didn't contribute actually to the job.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Did they have special kinds of work that they did for the agency as\nboard members?\n\nCOPELAN: I imagine some of it was fundraising, but we didn't need money. It was\nthe Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. We had money. There is always money available in\nthe agency. The Simon Wolf Endowment Fund ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is still in existence, and the agency\nis still an agency.\n\nALPERT: Oh, I know that. Does it still place children or did that job function\nchange? And when did these the five states that you've covered, did that\ncontinue all while you were there.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, it's always been a five-state area. It still ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is.\n\nALPERT: Mrs. Copelan, I know that the Jewish Family Services now and at some\ntime in the past does the adoption process for Jewish families and children here\nin Atlanta. Was that happening while you were still with the Jewish Children's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bureau or after?\n\nCOPELAN: The Jewish Children's Services, it was called, not the Bureau.\n\nALPERT: Excuse me.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, I don't know whether that makes any difference, but it was not\nthe Bureau. If there was such a thing, it was not us.\n\nALPERT: Was there a Jewish Family Services in existence while you were with the\nJewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Children's Services?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. It was a separate agency. It had nothing to do with us.\n\nALPERT: Did they do adoptions?\n\nCOPELAN: No. Our agency did placement adoptions. Anything pertaining to\nchildren, was our job.\n\nALPERT: You don't know when that switched, do you? Because now the Jewish Family\nServices does the adoptions of Jewish children.\n\nCOPELAN: On it does? Not in my day.\n\nALPERT: I was just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"curious to know.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know when they did that.\n\nALPERT: It was after your period.\n\nCOPELAN: After I left. I was no longer in the agency. I have not kept up with\nthe . . . I have found other things to do.\n\nALPERT: Before we leave it, though, when you placed children, were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any of them\nfrom Europe. Was it before or after World War II?\n\nCOPELAN: We had the refugee group that came over. That was one of our busiest\ntime when I had a staff of five. We took in, I think we had about 40 refugee,\nwhat we called refugee children. And we served that group.\n\nALPERT: This was during World War II?\n\nCOPELAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, or right after. In that period.\n\nALPERT: They were Jewish children from Europe.\n\nCOPELAN: We didn't do work with non-Jewish. They were Jewish children.\n\nALPERT: Did you work with any of the other agencies that were helping refugees then?\n\nCOPELAN: If I did, I don't remember. I think they'd have a hard time taking it\naway from me if I had it. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mean, I wouldn't give up anything too easily as far\nas that was concerned. I don't think. I'm that kind of person still. I get\ninterested. I am.\n\nALPERT: But some other organization brought the children to the United States?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. Lala Marcusa [sp]. Did you ever hear that name?\n\nALPERT: Could you say it again?\n\nCOPELAN: Lala Marcusa. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marcus, I guess we would call her. She used to call her\nname Lala Marcusa. She was the person that tied Jewish children with whatever\nagency which was bringing in children from war-torn Europe.\n\nALPERT: That must have been quite something.\n\nALPERT: It was. It was a great job in those ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"days.\n\nALPERT: The children, I assume, knew no English when they came.\n\nCOPELAN: Some did, some didn't. We instituted a series of classes for teachers\nto teach them English. I remember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. It didn't last too long. I mean, Jewish\nkids were bright.\n\nALPERT: They learned quickly.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, they sure did. Do you know that I was thinking, not too long ago,\ndid I ever have trouble placing a child that was retarded? The only one I could\nthink of was a blind child ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who I finally placed for adoption. It took a long\ntime. I placed her with a gentile family to give her the security that adoption\nwould her than a series of boarding homes. I did lots of things that nobody else\nwould have. I didn't have that feeling of it's got to be Jewish. I still have\nthat strange ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of feeling. I still think that there are some nice gentile people.\n\nALPERT: Of course. Where did the children stay before adoption after they came\nto Atlanta?\n\nCOPELAN: I always had boarding homes, what I call temporary homes. I always had\nhomes that were available for the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"placement. Some would take two or three\nchildren. I never put more than three in a home, but I did sometimes have to do\nit. I didn't have enough for just a child per home. I did make more than one\nplacement in a home. But I never used gentile homes for anything but boarding\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"infants. Gentile homes. Jewish homes wouldn't take them. They would adopt them,\nbut they would certainly not board them. I think it's true as of today. I'm not\nso sure. I wouldn't be sure from my experience.\n\nALPERT: Why is that? Why would Jewish homes not take infants for boarding?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know. I had a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard time. They wanted to adopt for one thing\nalmost immediately. There was that problem that existed in every boarding home\nthat we ever used.\n\nALPERT: They all wanted to adopt.\n\nCOPELAN: If there was a baby and normal mentally. I mean, there was a problem\nfor them, but there never was a problem for me because if I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"felt that it was not\nfor adoption, they didn't get it whether the child was being boarded there or\nnot. I mean, it had to be sound in other ways than as a boarding home.\n\nRUTH: Would you rather have coffee or tea?\n\nALPERT: Interview with Ethel Copelan. Is there anything, Mrs. Copelan, that\nstands out about the refugee ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children besides the fact that they were quite\nfrightened when they came? Were they very young, very old?\n\nCOPELAN: I was just going to say, they weren't all very young children. I would\nsay that the youngest child of that group would be 13, 14 years old. There were\nno babies. No very young children. They were all children that had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very unhappy\nexperiences. I mean, they themselves had gone through a lot before they came to\nus. It was almost like a haven for some of the children, those that were\nsensitive one way. Always did you have a group that were indifferent.\n\nALPERT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every person is different from the other.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, there was a certain type that you had a feeling about them that\nyou wanted to do, which is different than doing because it was your job to do.\nThere is a difference.\n\nALPERT: Had any of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children have any family left in Europe, that you know\nof, or family here in the States?\n\nCOPELAN: They were alone. Alone kids. When we got them, they had no contact of\nany kind. They were really orphans. Orphans. Unhappy orphans, if you know what I\nmean. It wasn't a sudden something ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that happened to them. They lived through a\nvery painful experience. They were old enough to, you know, they weren't young\nchildren, so they got parents and they forgot. But these kids didn't forget.\nThey remembered their parents, which is a different kind of a something than a\nchild ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't have that kind of a memory of a family, a young child.\n\nALPERT: Oh, sure. Did you ever follow the experiences of any of them and know\nhow they developed, how they turned out?\n\nCOPELAN: One of them I remember very clearly because I see him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very frequently.\nHe remembers me more than I remembered him. I mean, he was the one that brought\nme up to date what I did for him, which made it very clear to me that I . . .\n\nALPERT: That's nice.\n\nCOPELAN: I still have contact with him. He's no youngster. He's married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and has\na family.\n\nALPERT: Wonderful. Can you tell us what it what it was? You said he reminded you\nof what you did. Can you describe that for us?\n\nCOPELAN: I remember saying to me only very recently that I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first person,\nthat he can remember, that I was really interested in him, which I thought was a\nrather . . . It made me feel good and, apparently, it did him. He now is an\nadult. Are you feeling a draft?\n\nALPERT: No.\n\nCOPELAN: You don't look at our terrace, did you? That's my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"joy. That's my exercise.\n\nALPERT: The plants.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, I take care of the plants. That's about as much as I do. I don't\nthink I can do anything else.\n\nALPERT: You got to the Temple yesterday for the meeting.\n\nCOPELAN: I never . . . We go out for dinner practically every night.\n\nALPERT: You do?\n\nCOPELAN: Listen, I don't have to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"walk. Get down to the garage is the extent of\nmy walking. It's a good thing I've got a hall to walk. I have to walk to the elevator.\n\nALPERT: A little exercise never hurts. But this young man who . . .\n\nCOPELAN: He still lives in Atlanta, and I bump into him. I will see him at\nTemple when I go there. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"greet. That's about the extent of it. I don't think\nhe likes to remember that he was at ward of the Jewish Children's Services once\nupon a time. And I don't make him think so either. If he doesn't make an effort\nto come over to say hello me, I don't make an effort to go over to say hello to him.\n\nALPERT: I understand.\n\nCOPELAN: He has to be the one that takes the initiative. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Interestingly enough,\nwe placed more boys than we did girls.\n\nALPERT: That is interesting.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know why, but that's the picture. The girls, without exception,\nhave married. The boys, some of them are still not married. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why, I don't have\nthe answers for that. They don't all live in Atlanta. If they don't live here, I\ndon't see them. I don't have any reason. However, I occasionally get a phone\ncall. Very occasionally. I don't say it is often. I'm always very pleased when I\nget a phone call. It gives ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me such a lift. It's ridiculous. I mean, I really get\na lift out of it.\n\nALPERT: Well why not?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't know, but I do.\n\nALPERT: In a sense, you helped give these children a life.\n\nCOPELAN: That's true.\n\nALPERT: A positive life.\n\nCOPELAN: Anyway, some of them have kept in touch with me. Some of them haven't.\nAnd if they haven't, I make no effort, whatsoever, to trace after ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them.\n\nALPERT: I'm curious, do you think any of them participate in the organizations\nfor children of Holocaust victims? Or don't you know?\n\nCOPELAN: I was going to say, I don't know. I don't know enough even about the\nones that I have contact with, what their daily lives are like, because I feel\nit's an intrusion. If they don't make the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"effort, I surely am not going to\nbecause what I think might be of importance, it may not be of any importance to\nthem, you know. That's a risk.\n\nALPERT: At this point, I think I would like to read a few sentences from the\ncomments in the newsletter of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Bureau reports from the\nsummer of 1963 when you retired, and then we'll go on. All right?\n\nCOPELAN:All right. Sure. I'm busy. I'm eating candy.\n\nALPERT: You eat while I talk. \"At its quarterly board meeting in January of\n1962, the Board of Directors attended a testimonial dinner for Mrs. Ethel\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Copelan to mark her retirement after 17 years of devoted service as Executive\nDirector of the agency. It was during this period that the agency moved from the\npostwar period of concern and care of refugee children to a demonstration\nprogram of subsidized residential treatment center care for emotionally\ndisturbed children. It witnessed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the development of several Jewish family and\nchild serving agencies in the region and the creation of community support\nagreements as a way of financing regional programs. Improved service to unwed\nmothers, coupled with placement and subsequent adoption of youngsters also were\ndeveloped. During Mrs. Copelan's tenure, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"JCS qualified for membership in the\nChild Welfare League . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Of America.\n\nALPERT: And joined the league's family standard-setting agencies.\" I think\nthat's a wonderful tribute to you and to your work. Now, I have another question\nfrom this little article. It says that you started demonstration programs of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"residential treatment center care. Can you tell us something about that?\n\nCOPELAN: Other than they were glorified foster homes.\n\nALPERT: Apparently, they were . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Above the average in terms of personality. They had to have extra room,\nphysical accommodations that were . . .\n\nALPERT: For the children.\n\nCOPELAN: Were very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"important. And the personality of the people.\n\nALPERT: That would be important but, apparently, these were children who have\nspecial problems who are placed in these homes.\n\nCOPELAN: I never felt a child had a problem, really. I felt it could be handled\nif the right person got into the picture. And it usually worked if they got\nsomebody that was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interested. You had to be a little bit more careful about\nwhere you placed them and be kind of sure about the person that you are placing\nthem with and not just a place to put them. They had enough of that.\n\nALPERT: So there was a lot more study of the home and family.\n\nCOPELAN: We always made good studies of homes. My thesis was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home-finding. That\nwas my big job when I graduated from school. My thesis was home-finding. And\nthey really went to town on that, because there was nothing on that. There was a\nsomebody by the name of Murphy who was one of my supervisors when I was a kid,\nreally, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that had written an article. She wrote an article. I have it somewhere.\nYes. I'm trying to think what her name was. I can't. Anyway, I remember her as a\nperson who was very helpful to me at the time. I remember her very, very\npleasantly and happily.\n\nALPERT: Good.\n\nCOPELAN: In a little while it will come to me. I have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often thought of her. She\nnever married. She made it her job, her life. I mean, she was that kind of a\nhuman being. Come to think of it, I thought she was a wonderful person. That was\none that I haven't thought of for a long, long time.\n\nALPERT: And she ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helped imbue you with the same kind of spirit, I gather.\n\nCOPELAN: She had a little of that drive of perfection, which I had an overdose\nof. I had too much of it, actually. Nothing was ever half way with me. It had to\nbe a whole . . . it became the most important thing I was doing or I didn't do\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it, which is a very wrong way to function, I guess, as an executive, because as\nan executive, you have to take the weak with the strong. I looked to the strong\nthan the weak. If they're weak, I was willing to let them go. I mean, I didn't\nfeel it was my responsibility to the agency ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to bring these people to standard.\nThat wasn't what I was hired for. I was hired to do a good job of childcare and\nthat's what I was going to do or bust in the intent. I mean, that was my way of\nfunctioning. It was terribly important to me. We had to be members of the Child\nWelfare League before I could I would really feel that I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"belonged. Up to that\npoint, I would be ashamed to say I was a director of an agency that wasn't a\nmember of the Child Welfare League of America.That would be a disgrace. I think\nI still would feel that way.\n\nALPERT: That you brought your agency . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Up to a standard that it could be accepted by the Child Welfare League\nof America. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The things have been very important to me.\n\nALPERT: Let me change the subject slightly. While you were, and this was a very\nimportant job that you had with the Child Service League . . . Jewish Children's\nServices. Get it straight, was your own family growing up? Your daughter.\n\nCOPELAN: This is my family?\n\nALPERT: Yes. Your daughter was she still small ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then?\n\nCOPELAN: No.\n\nALPERT: She was out of the home?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, she was married. She only came to live with me when she got divorced.\n\nALPERT: You really did not have children at home, and your husband was sometimes\nhere and sometimes in other cities. So you really could . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Could give a lot of time to my job. The job became . . . it was very\nimportant to me and it always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was. Very important part of my life was my job,\nwhich perhaps isn't good for the rest of the family, but that's how it was.\n\nALPERT: Obviously, your family didn't need you in the same way while you're\nworking because . . .\n\nCOPELAN: No. I mean, my daughter is still functioning. I couldn't get along\nwithout her. She could ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get along without me, but I wouldn't be able to get along\nwithout her. That's the difference.\n\nALPERT: That happens. When you retired from that, and you have spent a lot of\nyour time with work and contacts, how did you spend your time after you retired?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: Playing cards.\n\nALPERT: Not as much as work.\n\nCOPELAN: I belonged to the club. This is the Standard Club. Tuesdays and\nThursdays was regular games with the same group, half of whom are dead now. I'm\nthe living end of my close friends in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta. It's about four years when Paula\ndied. I guess it's about maybe three years ago. I don't know whether you knew\nPaula Weinstock. Did you know her?\n\nALPERT: No, but I interviewed somebody from that family, I think. The family\nthat had the Weinstock Nurseries?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: I interviewed someone from that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family for this project.\n\nCOPELAN: Really?\n\nALPERT: I don't think it was Paula Weinstock, though.\n\nCOPELAN: Paula is dead. I'm telling you, I am the last of that generation. We\nall belonged to the Standard Club. We were all card players. Retired and\nfinancially ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"secure. What more can I tell you? I mean, we were a congenial crowd.\n\nALPERT: From the time you first came to Atlanta, the city has grown.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: I think the Jewish community has grown even since I've been here.\n\nCOPELAN: Tremendously.\n\nALPERT: What differences do you see or how do you see the changes in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't like what I see.\n\nALPERT: Okay. Why?\n\nCOPELAN: I think we got so where we're not interested in each other as we used\nto be. I mean, if you met a Jewish person, it had some meaning. And, now, who\ncares. I'm not even interested in who is the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"head of the Jewish Children's\nServices now? It doesn't function as a child care agency anymore. It calls\nitself the Jewish Children's Services. It raises money as the Jewish Children's\nServices. I'm sure they haven't placed a child in maybe 10 to 15 years.\n\nALPERT: I think there's been a development among the Jewish service agencies\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I know the Jewish Family Agency has taken the adoption part of it.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, I was going to say, they've been taken over.\n\nALPERT: I know they're housed now in the same building, separate agencies. I'm\nsure there are big areas of cooperation between them.\n\nCOPELAN: That, I don't know. up with the present situation. I haven't been\nsufficiently ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interested, which is the reason. If I was interested, I'm sure I\nwould. I do go to their annual meeting. Why I go to that, I don't know.\n\nALPERT: It's part of your history.\n\nCOPELAN: It's a compulsion almost. They always call on me and I have to stand\nand take a bow. There will come a time I can't do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. I won't be here. But\nthey would never forget me if I am present at the annual meeting. I'll go this\nyear like I always go, and I will stand up and take a bow.\n\nALPERT: All right. Tell me, you mentioned before that out on the porch you have\nplants and that's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sort of your hobby now.\n\nCOPELAN: That's my exercise.\n\nALPERT: You have flowering plants, I saw.\n\nCOPELAN: They grow very nicely. I've been very lucky. However, they haven't done\nas well this year as they have in the past. I used to have geraniums like crazy.\nAnd they didn't take this year. Whatever. I planted, something that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grows.\n\nALPERT: Did you always live in an apartment?\n\nCOPELAN: Since I've lived in Atlanta. Except I've lived in the hotel for years.\nThe Georgian Terrace in my early days in Atlanta, maybe the first 10-15 years.\nThat's where I made my contact with the board members. My contacts ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were with\nboard members. If I wanted a job, I got it because the board members knew me. I\nmean, that's the answer. I don't say it because I was any better than anybody\nelse that applied.\n\nALPERT: They knew you and that helped.\n\nCOPELAN: They knew me, and it was a help. I always have felt that about it. I\ndon't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know if it was or it wasn't.\n\nALPERT: The Georgian Terrace. I know the name. I've been in the main lobby, but\nI understand it has a tremendous history in Atlanta.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, it really has. And it was a joy to live there. The friends that I\nmade, until they died, we remained friends. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am the Last of the Mohicans. I\nreally am. My generation is gone.\n\nALPERT: It happens, I know. Tell me, in the Georgian Terrace, were there\napartments or just furnished rooms like a hotel.\n\nCOPELAN: Like a hotel. Let me see. I say no fast. There ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were apartments, but I\ndidn't have an apartment. Certainly, the contacts that I made apparently didn't\nhave apartments, but there were apartments in that.\n\nALPERT: Some residential hotels do have some suites.\n\nCOPELAN: There were a few. Not many. A few. You had an apartment.\n\nALPERT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet you seem to have a love and a joy of growing plants. I thought\nperhaps you had a house with a garden.\n\nCOPELAN: I had a room that faced on a roof. And, baby, that roof was covered. No\none ever objected to it. I used it.\n\nALPERT: Great.\n\nCOPELAN: I always had growing plants, always. My plants ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do grow for me. Even\nwandering Jew. It wanders.\n\nALPERT: Yes. Where did your daughter grow up? She did not grow up in Atlanta.\n\nCOPELAN: No. Philadelphia originally. She was born in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Boston. When Matt, my\nhusband, got a job in the south, in Florida, I think it was first time south,\nnearest in Atlanta, so I came to Atanta.\n\nALPERT: By then, she was grown.\n\nCOPELAN: And then then she, no she didn't come to me right away.\n\nALPERT: I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meant when she was growing up. When she was a little girl, it was in Philadelphia?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, In Philadelphia. I mean, she went to Women's Medical College [of\nPennsylvania] in Philadelphia. She didn't finish. She got married instead to a\nNewport person. My family is still in Newport, Rhode Island.\n\nALPERT: Tell me, when your own youngster was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little, in terms of your own home\nlife, were you any more Jewishly observant as an adult than your parents were?\n\nCOPELAN: No. I don't remember anything. I lived in Newport, Rhode Island. We\ndidn't have a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rabbi most of the time in the days when I was . . . It was a very\nspasmodic something. If we had a big event, we had a rabbi for High Holidays or\nsomething. Now, I guess, it's big enough to . . . there's more than one\nsynagogue in Atlanta now. In Newport.\n\nALPERT: In Atlanta, they've been growing.\n\nCOPELAN: In Newport. I'm ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not talking about Atlanta. Newport was where my youth\nspent. It was in Newport. I married in Newport. Met my husband in Newport.\n\nALPERT: You say you have traveled at various times in your life.\n\nCOPELAN: I've been in Europe maybe five, six, seven times until I don't want to\ngo ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anymore.\n\nALPERT: Did you travel with your husband or with a group or what?\n\nCOPELAN: With girlfriends usually. Somebody that could afford to travel. It's\nnever been a cheap experience.\n\nALPERT: True.\n\nCOPELAN: Travel is expensive. So you had to get somebody that could afford to\ntravel. It may not have been your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closest friend, but they became your closest friend.\n\nALPERT: Well, when you travel together. Sure. Which countries have you visited?\n\nCOPELAN: Many of those I haven't. I didn't go to Japan or China. I'm trying to\nthink. Mainly European countries.\n\nALPERT: Did you go to France?\n\nCOPELAN: France, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Italy, Spain. I mean, I went to European countries.\n\nALPERT: Did you go to Germany too?\n\nCOPELAN: Germany.\n\nALPERT: Have you been to Russia?\n\nCOPELAN: No. But my granddaughter has been to Russia twice. She's interested.\nDon't ask me why. She graduated from Wellesley [College] and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a good scholar.\nHer husband is Dartmouth [College]. An attorney. They like to travel, and they\nhave the wherewith to do, so they do.\n\nALPERT: Have you been to Israel?\n\nCOPELAN: No. I'm not interested, which is a very bad thing with me.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: I'm curious to know your thinking. Your reason.\n\nCOPELAN: I'm not interested in anything. I don't identify too closely with\nanything Jewish. I mean, my friends. I have a lot of gentile friends. I have\nJewish friends, too, but I don't have to have. I don't have to be somebody that\nhas a background the same as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mine. I mean, as long as they're congenial, I don't care.\n\nALPERT: I think some people like to go to Israel to visit it as they would any\nother country.\n\nCOPELAN: I'm the kind of person that would stay clear of it because I don't like\nthings too ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish. That's the answer. I prefer something more \u003cunintelligible\u003e.\nI don't know what it is. I certainly have not identified Jewishly too much, even\nin contacts in the community.\n\nALPERT: This just occurred to me. While you were working at the Jewish Children\nServices, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did you feel it was important to be identified with some other\norganization or synagogue in the Jewish community? No?\n\nCOPELAN: I wasn't. I belonged to the Standard club. That was my closest Jewish contact.\n\nALPERT: You didn't feel that hampered your work because you were not a member of\na synagogue or anything ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like that?\n\nCOPELAN: No. If it did, I wasn't aware of it.\n\nALPERT: Different people have different feelings.\n\nCOPELAN: If anybody that I have contact with that was Orthodox, I was very\naccepting of it. I never criticized it or felt it was different or anything. So\nthat that was that. They were interested in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. All power to them. I wasn't.\n\nALPERT: You placed children with some Orthodox families?\n\nCOPELAN: It didn't make difference to me. I mean, the study of a home had to do\nwith the people that were there. They had to say they were Jewish, whether they\nwere or not. If they accepted the fact that they were Jewish, it was okay with\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4650.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me. They could be even more lukewarm than I was.\n\nALPERT: All right. Let's hold it for a minute.\n\nALPERT: In other words, when you first came to Atlanta, did you have any\npersonal contacts? Friends? And how did you . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4680.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: A job. I came here to a job.\n\nALPERT: How did you end up living at the Georgian Manor?\n\nCOPELAN: The Georgian Terrace.\n\nALPERT: The Georgian Terrace.\n\nCOPELAN: I had a wonderful secretary, who has since died, Merilee Batch [sp].\nYou might hear the name sometime.\n\nALPERT: Merilee.\n\nCOPELAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Batch. Who was my brains. I mean, as far as contacts were made. She\nwouldn't let me live anywhere but at the hotel. I was ready to go into a rooming\nhouse. I wasn't fussy about where I was living. In Atlanta, it's important where\nyou live. She selected the Georgian Terrace for me to live in, and I lived there\nfor ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years. And made some of the best contacts that I have even to this day is\nwhen we moved into the Georgian Terrace Hotel.\n\nALPERT: When was your husband was free, he joined you . . .\n\nCOPELAN: He came. He could come. We had nice living quarters at the Georgian\nTerrace. It was a separate . . . other than we didn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"live together. We were\nnever separate, never any legal separation of any kind. I mean, when the job\ntook him away, it and took him away. That was all. And when he got over, he came home.\n\nALPERT: To wherever you were.\n\nCOPELAN: Wherever I was. That was home for him.\n\nALPERT: That's lovely. From the Georgian Terrace, did you move here to this\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apartment or did you live somewhere else?\n\nCOPELAN: I lived on West Peachtree [Street], which was an apartment house. It is\nnow Church's home for girls. That red brick building on the corner was an\napartment house. I lived there. I had a very nice apartment in that place. It\nwas an elevated apartment in those days. It was almost unheard of in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those days.\nYou know, either a hotel or an apartment house to have an elevator.\n\nALPERT: It was above . . . what is it five, six stories high.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. It still is. It's still there. I pass it every once in a while,\nand say, \"Hmm, I used to live there.\" With pleasant ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"memories.\n\nALPERT: Good.\n\nCOPELAN: I have a lot of pleasant memories. A lot of memories, and they get more\nand more and more. They build up every year.\n\nALPERT: That's what happens.\n\nCOPELAN: People die, and I'm out moving on. My closest friends are not living.\n\nALPERT: After that apartment on West ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Peachtree, why did you move if, as you say,\nthere were pleasant memories. It was a lovely apartment. Why did you move?\n\nCOPELAN: Ruthie came to live with me. I needed area.\n\nALPERT: You needed a bigger place, then, for the two of you. Ruth came to live\nwith you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4920.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after your husband died and after her divorce? Okay. What other changes\nhave you felt in Atlanta over the years, good, bad, and indifferent, in the\nJewish community, in the general community? Whatever.\n\nCOPELAN: To tell you the honest truth, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have lost contact with the community.\nMy life now is more centered with Ruth. Where are we going to eat tonight? I get\nthe Carriage Trade book. We go through the book, and we pick out a place to eat.\nWe both like movies. We go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the movies. We go to the theater. We both like\ngoing to the art museum and the exhibits down there. We follow through. I mean,\nwe subscribe to it. Atlanta . . .\n\nALPERT: The High Museum [of Art].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: The High Museum.\n\nALPERT: I hate to sound as though I keep asking you about the past only.\n\nCOPELAN: This is right now. This is how I've been going out for maybe 20 years.\nIt's a long time without a husband and with Ruth with me without a husband. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The\ngranddaughter visits twice a year, never more. Never less. But she comes. I\ndon't go. I'm the bank. That is a help. The young people's interest. My great\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandchildren. They visit me.\n\nALPERT: That's nice.\n\nCOPELAN: And they come.\n\nALPERT: That's nice. For whatever reason.\n\nCOPELAN: I accept it for whatever reason it is. I'm glad to see them. And I'm\nalways glad when they go, too. They sure take over when they come, and we don't\nhave the room and they won't go to a hotel. They want to stay ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here. That is a\nbed. They have to sleep on that because I don't give up my bed.\n\nALPERT: No, of course not.\n\nCOPELAN: I wouldn't ask Ruthie to give them her. If you want to come and you\nwant to sleep on the day bed, you are very welcome. You are going to have to\nmove the table every night. Not me.\n\nALPERT: Right, of course. They're younger. They can handle it better.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, if they want do that, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's okay. And if they want to go to a\nhotel, it's okay, too, with me.\n\nALPERT: I guess what I'm trying to get at are the changes that you have sensed\nor seen or feel are good or bad or indifferent in Atlanta over the years, either\nin the social service community or the Jewish community or the general\ncommunity, whichever. As I've said, it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5160.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the past.\n\nCOPELAN: You've got to remember, it's not too recent, anything for me. I haven't\nbeen active in anything. I don't belong to anything. I used to belong to a lot\nof things, I mean, women's organizations and the club.\n\nALPERT: What kind of women's organizations?\n\nCOPELAN: It was called the women's organization. Whatever. It was a\nnon-sectarian agency. And I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived in a, for a time, I went from a hotel to\nsomething that was called . . . it was a woman's hotel. I mean, a women's set\nup. I went to live there from the Georgian Terrace. I made a lot . . . you make\ncontacts there. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Smaller than the hotel was. I still have friends that lived\nthere when I lived there.\n\nALPERT: Great.\n\nCOPELAN: A friend. I was going to say friends. One of our friend is gone. I've\nhad two for a long time. Now I have one. more. And I used to have a lot.\n\nALPERT: What did the women's organization do? Was it mostly a card palying\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5250.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recreation kind of thing?\n\nCOPELAN: No, we did social services. I'm trying to think. What did I do?\n\nRUTH: \u003cUnintelligible\u003e That was a women's club on Peachtree, that women's club.\nThat's where my mother went to live first. Then she went to the Georgian\nTerrace. And Armon Mae made her a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"member of the Standard Club.\n\nALPERT: That's right. He used to be president.\n\nRUTH: They gave her a car to ride around in \u003cunintelligible\u003e When she didn't go\nint the car, she took the railroad into Washington. Sometimes she went . . .\n\nCOPELAN: I had free passages on all the trains.\n\nALPERT: Because of your job?\n\nCOPELAN: I had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a pass. I could go anywhere from Washington to the tip of\nFlorida. Anytime I wanted.\n\nALPERT: I'll bet they don't do that anymore.\n\nCOPELAN: No more. But I had a pass.\n\nALPERT: Did you also have to learn to drive as part of the job?\n\nCOPELAN: I knew how to drive. I always had a car. My first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5340.0,5370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"car was a Tin Lizzie.\nA Ford. I remember. We used to call it a Tin Lizzie. That's a long time ago.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: I've graduated since that time. I don't have Ford's anymore. Oh, it is\na Ford. I have a Ford right now.\n\nALPERT: But it's not a Tin Lizzie.\n\nCOPELAN: No. What kind of a car do we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got, Ruth?\n\nRUTH: A Taurus. We have a Taurus.\n\nCOPELAN: It's a great big car. Something small, I can't have. It can't hold me.\nIt has to be big. Ruthie, you ought to remember things that I don't remember\nabout my life at the Georgian Terrace. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5400.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You came to live there.\n\nALPERT: Is that when you came back to Atlanta to live with your mother, Ruth?\n\nRUTH: I'm from Boston. I was born in Boston.\n\nALPERT: I'm trying to get your mother to remember some of the changes in\nAtlanta, but I think most of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5430.0,5460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them took place quite a while back, right?\n\nCOPELAN: Those that I remember. I mean, that I'm not sufficiently interested to\nwant to go on to . . .\n\nRUTH: You belonged to the social work group \u003cunintelligible\u003e . . . recently at\nthe Barclay, I think they had meetings. It's the National Association, not the\nJewish agency, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5460.0,5490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think . . . . the University of Pennsylvania, I think.\n\nCOPELAN: I have a graduate degree from the University of Pennsylvania.\n\nALPERT: Do you belong to the National Association of Social Workers?\n\nCOPELAN: Sure. And I go to my Philadelphia group that meets here in Atlanta. We\nhave occasional meetings and a picnic once a year.\n\nALPERT: I didn't know there was that many alumni from the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia school.\n\nRUTH: One time I went with my mother, went down to, the Coca-Cola Company. They\njust explore Atlanta, I guess.\n\nALPERT: That's nice.\n\nRUTH: Very interesting.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5520.0,5550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: So you do belong to that group. Do you belong to any other groups?\nNational Association of Social Workers. How about the Child . . .\n\nRUTH: The Council of Jewish Women.\n\nALPERT: Have you been active in that?\n\nRUTH: No.\n\nCOPELAN: I'd say no. Membership. I go to the meetings. They just had a meeting.\n\nALPERT: Yes. I think it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5550.0,5580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called Women and Power. Did you go to that one?\n\nCOPELAN: I go. I don't stay. I've got the kind of daughter that will go anywhere\nI want to go. I'm lucky.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: She doesn't say, \"Mother, you don't want to do that.\" She does it.\n\nALPERT: I think meeting with other people and the change of scenery ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5580.0,5610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just the\nintellectual stimulus is good, don't you?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, I guess.\n\nRUTH: I imagine there must be a great number more Jewish people . . .\n\nALPERT: Yes. Excuse me, Ruth. Are you getting tired? We've been talking.\n\nCOPELAN: No.\n\nALPERT: I wasn't sure if you were getting tired or not.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't take a nap.\n\nALPERT: Some people do and some people don't, and I didn't know.\n\nCOPELAN: Not that I couldn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5610.0,5640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go to sleep. I have no problem sleeping.\n\nALPERT: Great. That's terrific.\n\nCOPELAN: Either night or day. If I felt like it, I would go on the couch and go\nto sleep. I don't have to worry about am I going to go to sleep. If I feel like\nit, it's there to go. You see, I got a cover.\n\nALPERT: I noticed the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5640.0,5670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Afghan. Did you make that or somebody make it for you?\n\nCOPELAN: No. Nobody made it for me. A gift. I have, what, three different kinds\nof Afghans around. This is the heaviest. So when I want an Afghan, I want it to\nbe warm.\n\nALPERT: Sure.\n\nCOPELAN: I don't want a lightweight . . .\n\nRUTH: My mother, more or less, raised my daughter.\n\nCOPELAN: What?\n\nRUTH: I said you said you more or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5670.0,5700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less raised Mary Lou.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. I practically raised my granddaughter.\n\nRUTH: She took her wherever she had to go. She went to Grady High School here.\n\nALPERT: You were not living in Atlanta.\n\nRUTH: No. I lived here, but my mother did most of the taking care of.\n\nALPERT: Because you were working.\n\nRUTH: Yes, I was working. My mother was working too, but she had . . .\n\nCOPELAN: I had the kind of a job that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it didn't matter whether I took her along\nwith me when I went to Savannah or someplace.\n\nALPERT: September 24, beginning the second tape. We're going to talk for a few\nminutes with Ruth, who is Mrs. Copelan's daughter. Ruth, I don't even know your\nlast name.\n\nRUTH: Geller.\n\nALPERT: All right. Ruth ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5730.0,5760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Geller. And when did you come to Atlanta?\n\nRUTH: 1948, I think.\n\nALPERT: Was your father still alive at that time?\n\nRUTH: Yes.\n\nALPERT: Did you come with your family? Your husband, your children?\n\nRUTH: No. Just my daughter.\n\nALPERT: And at that time were you working?\n\nRUTH: No.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5760.0,5790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Did you live with your parents then?\n\nRUTH:When I came here?\n\nALPERT: When you first came here.\n\nRUTH: I lived with my mother. No, I had an apartment for a while. Then we moved\nin together.\n\nALPERT: And your daughter also lived with you?\n\nRUTH: Yes.\n\nALPERT: With the three of you. I see. After that, I gather you went back to\nwork. What kind of work did you do?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5790.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RUTH: I worked, at first I worked as a saleslady in Franklin Simon's and at\nDavison's. Then for 27 years, I worked for the Communicable Disease Center.\n\nALPERT: What kind of work did you do there?\n\nRUTH: I was a medical biology technician.\n\nALPERT: At any point, did your work and your mother's work with the Jewish\nChildren's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Services interact, across each other? Did your work with the CDC come\nin contact with your mother's, at all?\n\nRUTH: No. At first, as my mother told you, she had to watch over the Simon Wolf\nEndowment Fund. Then finally the United [Jewish] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5850.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Appeal started to contribute to\nthe Jewish Children's Services. That was the only time that we ever, I mean,\nthere was no interaction.\n\nALPERT: And you have stayed on with your mother as your daughter grew?\n\nRUTH: Yes.\n\nALPERT: All right. I wanted to get this straight because I think it was confused\non the first tape. I do appreciate your help in this matter.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5880.0,5910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Mrs. Copelan, I read the report from December, 1944, which you shared\nwith me and which is appended to this tape. It raises many fascinating questions\nfor me. When did you first come to Atlanta?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5910.0,5940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: The day that the war ended. When was that, 1945?\n\nALPERT: It ended in the spring of 1945.\n\nCOPELAN: It was September.\n\nALPERT: This report is December, 1944, that you gave. It was an annual report.\n\nCOPELAN: I have been here it must have been a year if I was giving an annual report.\n\nALPERT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5940.0,5970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right. And the report was to the president and the board of directors of\nthe Hebrew Women's Home for Children.\n\nCOPELAN: Okay. They hadn't changed the name yet.\n\nALPERT: When did they change the name? Do you recall?\n\nCOPELAN: It must have been awfully early because it made me sick to hear the name.\n\nALPERT: When you first came to this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5970.0,6000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job, it was still a home for children?\n\nCOPELAN: Oh yes, it was an agency . . . doing placement. The Weil's were here.\nMr. and Mrs. Weil.\n\nALPERT: W-E-I-L?\n\nCOPELAN: I guess that's how they pronounced it. W-E . . . yes, I guess it would\nbe Weil.\n\nALPERT: And they were on the board?\n\nCOPELAN: No, they were paid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6000.0,6030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. Husband and wife.\n\nALPERT: Oh, paid staff.\n\nCOPELAN: They were staff. And their daughter became a professional social worker\nin New York City later. I forget her name, but she worked . . . They came here.\nAnyway, they were here when I came in. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6030.0,6060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't remember what he looked like to\ntell you the honest truth. I can see her. She might have been much more active\nthan he, I imagine.\n\nALPERT: And when you first took the job, it was Home for the Children.\n\nCOPELAN: Hebrew Orphan's Home, which is a misnomer if there ever was one. I\ndon't think we had any orphans.\n\nALPERT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6060.0,6090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Really?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't think so. I mean, full orphans. They might have been half\norphans. I hardly remember a full orphan.\n\nALPERT: Had they started placing children in foster homes when you came or after\nyou came?\n\nCOPELAN: I didn't find any foster homes here. Whether they had any or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6090.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know, I\ndidn't know it. They sure didn't leave me any residue of foster homes. I had to\ngo find foster homes. First job I ever did around here was to get some homes. I\nwas getting, what I call, temporary homes because I didn't know enough about\nthem. I needed homes, and I was really going off on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6120.0,6150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"light impressions for them.\nI didn't begin to be what I considered real studies. If they had rooms and\ndidn't have any records in the jails. I thought, well . . .\n\nALPERT: Why did you need so many homes when you first came?\n\nCOPELAN: Because I was finding children in groups ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6150.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in nonsectarian homes. I mean,\nthey were not being reared as Jewish kids at all. I mean, they were displaced.\nThey started a placement agency. The Weils were attempting to do a placement\njob. Whether they truly emptied out the institution, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6180.0,6210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't be sure, because\nthe institution was there because it got sold after I was here. I was in that\nsale of that institution.\n\nALPERT: Do you remember which year it was?\n\nCOPELAN: Oh God, no. All I can tell you is that I came here in 1945 for a job,\nand this was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6210.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job.\n\nALPERT: To find homes.\n\nCOPELAN: I didn't have any other job in Atlanta. My entire work experience was\nwith the Jewish Children's Services, which was a name that came much later.\n\nALPERT: You don't remember when, of course.\n\nCOPELAN: No, but I can't really because I objected to the Hebrew Orphans Home\nbecause we were not an orphan's home. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6240.0,6270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I must have, I would say . . . you know,\nwhen I started something, it got done.\n\nALPERT: I believe you. I do.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, there was no question about it. The board never questioned me\nabout a thing. I had the nicest board, I remember. They never said no. If I said\nit was something like that, it was okay.\n\nALPERT: Do you remember some of the people who were on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6270.0,6300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"board then?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. Dr. Rosenberg [sp], for one. He's dead, I guess. I remember him\nbecause . . . I insisted that every child get a physical examination. I wasn't\nfinding that the kids had gotten even . . . You know, we intake what we call an\nintake examination. You can't place a kid without a physical examination.\n\nALPERT: Right, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6300.0,6330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, that's right.\n\nCOPELAN: I had a good background in child care. I worked in Philadelphia for\nmany years in very accredited agencies, both non-Jewish and Jewish. I finally\nended up in a Jewish agency. I started out in a non-sectarian agency.\n\nALPERT: Can you remember other board ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6330.0,6360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"members who were active at the beginning?\n\nCOPELAN: I truly can't. I'm trying to think. I don't even know who the board\nmembers are now, to tell you the truth. In the old staff . . . do we got any old\npieces of stationery? One of the things I used to object ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6360.0,6390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to, had to do, was to\nlist board members names on stationery.\n\nALPERT: They still do that these days, most organizations.\n\nCOPELAN: When I got here, they weren't. I felt board members got to get some\nrecognition. I'm going to give them a lot. Their names will show up here.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6390.0,6420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Were most of the board members sort of helping you and supporting you in\nplacement of children?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't recall any board member ever, even later, active in the job. As\nsoon as I got here, I felt a need for assistance in staff.\n\nALPERT: \u003cUnintelligible\u003e Mr. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6420.0,6450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Mrs. Weil.\n\nCOPELAN: No. They had disappeared. I didn't know anything about them. I never\nmet Mr. or Mrs. Weil.\n\nALPERT: I thought you knew them.\n\nCOPELAN: No. I never met them. They had a daughter that was, I don't know\nwhether she was in social work or not, but she lived in New York but had many\nfriends in Atlanta because she grew up in Atlanta. The Weil's must ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6450.0,6480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been\nvery active here for a long time before I got here.\n\nALPERT: Did you have any board members, again, in those early years who objected\nto placing the children in homes rather than, no?\n\nCOPELAN: They were ready for change. Baby, they got a change too, when they got\nme. They got a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6480.0,6510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"change.\n\nALPERT: I'm sure. But it's nice to find board members who are ready to change\nthe focus.\n\nCOPELAN: They were very ready and a very cooperative board. I've always had a\ncooperative board because I feel that board members have to get some\nsatisfaction because I'm not going to give them a job, physical job. They're not\ngoing to do any placement, and they're not going to find homes. They're going to\nbe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6510.0,6540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"advisers. I used to consult with them and listen to what they had to say, but\nI never put them in a job.\n\nALPERT: And yet you say that an appeasement plan had been put forward. Can you\nrecall any parts of it or pieces of it?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6540.0,6570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: I know they wanted to keep certain people on the board. I was wondering\nwhy they were there because, to me, they had been only names. They were still\nnames when I got here. They were names. And ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6570.0,6600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were still names when I asked\nfor who are they? Where are they? And I got very little answers that were worth\nanything. They weren't aware of it, that they came. I don't know how long the\nWeils were here before me. I'm trying to think if I had any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6600.0,6630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knowledge of it.\n\nALPERT: But shortly after you came, the name Hebrew . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Got changed. Naturally. I mean, there were no Hebrew Orphans Home anymore.\n\nALPERT: Did the sale of that building provide money for . . .\n\nCOPELAN:We always had money in the agency. Don't you know it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6630.0,6660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Simon Wolf\nEndowment Fund? You know, there was money in the agency. Every agency, the\nFamily Agency, the Jewish Family Agency. I don't know if you ever met Mike\nGettinger, did you? He's a tough guy, you know. And I had plenty of fights with\nMike. He wanted control of the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund, and I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6660.0,6690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wouldn't give it\nto him. You can imagine what went on between Mike Gettinger and me. He finally\nended up in a Florida agency somewhere.\n\nALPERT: No, no.\n\nCOPELAN: He's still here?\n\nALPERT: Yes, he is, or has been in the Atlanta Jewish Federation [Jewish\nFederation of Greater Atlanta] developing endowment funds for the Federation.\n\nCOPELAN: He really learned about endowment funds from our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6690.0,6720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"setup because they\nnever had any endowment funds. We had the endowment funds. We had money, and we\nwere very much in demand because we had money. I remember every worker that ever\nwas at the Jewish Family Services couldn't understand why we couldn't be more\nliberal with the Family ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6720.0,6750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Agency, with money.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: Get your own.\n\nALPERT: I guess you'd want to use the money from your endowment for the children.\n\nCOPELAN: That's right. It was a children's agency. That is what it was raised\nfor. The five states was for kids. I have a lot of backing from little\ncommunities throughout the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6750.0,6780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"area that I used to visit. They never knew that they\nwere even listed as having people of activity in any way, other than they gave\nmoney occasionally to remembering somebody they made a contribution to the\nagency was the way they expressed their interest.\n\nALPERT: You built a five-state ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6780.0,6810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"constituency in essence.\n\nCOPELAN: I certainly made them a part of it. They were very, very well aware\nthat they weren't just names. We expected support from them. As much as . . . I\nmean, we didn't demand a minimum or a maximum. We just said we got a feel that\nyou really want the services we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6810.0,6840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have. We have professional service to offer your\ncommunity. If we need more, we'll get more. But at the moment, I'm the\nprofessional person here, and I feel that it's got to be recognized as such. One\nneeds to have that kind of service. May I present to you? It was imbued with my\nimportant ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6840.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"importance. I used to feel very important in those days because I was\ngoing around preaching all the time. I was always. \u003ca knock at the door\u003e Who can\nthat be?\n\nCOPELAN: I didn't know the Weil's. I never met the Weils.\n\nALPERT: You never met the Weil's. When you came, there were no paid workers.\n\nCOPELAN: Nobody here.\n\nALPERT: And Dr. Rosenberg on the board was very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6870.0,6900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helpful in insisting the\nchildren have a physical.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. He was delighted. And the kids loved going there because he always\nhad lollipops. I don't think a kid ever walked out of that office without a lollipop.\n\nALPERT: Can you remember. You've ever had disagreements with people who were on\nthe board of directors?\n\nCOPELAN: I never had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6900.0,6930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what?\n\nALPERT: I'm asking the question, did you ever have disagreements with people who\nwere on the board?\n\nCOPELAN: The board was very limited in any activities when I got here. I mean,\nif they wanted to be, I was not aware of their . . . I mean \u003cunintelligible\u003e\npresent if. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6930.0,6960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I became active with board members, but I don't think any\npredecessor or me had been particularly interested in the board because they\nwere brand new to me, and they were brand new to the agency.\n\nALPERT: I see.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, they yes, they were on the board.\n\nALPERT: I'm still curious as to what you meant by the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6960.0,6990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statement you proposed an\nappeasement program.\n\nCOPELAN: It must have meant something. To try to satisfy somebody, I must have\ndone something. Now what do I do?\n\nALPERT: I wasn't here. I don't know.\n\nCOPELAN: I didn't change the board, that's for one thing.\n\nALPERT: Could it be the proportion of children who were placed against ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6990.0,7020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those who\nwere still in the orphan home?\n\nCOPELAN: No. The Orphan's Home got so it was empty.\n\nALPERT: Was it empty when you came?\n\nCOPELAN: I think it was empty. If I remember rightly, it was empty. I was\nwondering why we were keeping ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7020.0,7050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. I mean, it was in the south part of the city,\nwhich we had already moved into the better location. Fixed up offices. And there\nwas no need for that.\n\nALPERT: So, the home was already empty when you . . .\n\nCOPELAN: There were no children in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7050.0,7080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the institution. I mean, the Weil's emptied\nthe institution. There was an institution. It was there. It was taken over by a\ngroup of Catholic . . . they were nuns. They ran the . . . I guess they had an\ninstitution there. They were nuns. They had a Catholic ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7080.0,7110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something or another.\nThat I remember. I didn't do that. That was a completed something. The Weil's,\nevidently, were a very progressive, knowledgeable group of people. Husband and\nwife. They functioned together, which interests me very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7110.0,7140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much, because I don't\nthink my husband ever found out what I was doing.\n\nALPERT: Really?\n\nCOPELAN: I don't think he was ever enough interested to know what I was doing.\n\nALPERT: And yet you say he was very proud when you got your degree.\n\nCOPELAN: Very proud. Especially when the board began to recognize me, and he\nhappened to be in town. You know, he was he was structural steel and went where\njobs were. He was MIT ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7140.0,7170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"man. He was a very busy man. He was busy.\n\nALPERT: Did he have much time between jobs when you actually lived together in\nthe same city?\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, yes. Towards the end, he gave up. He gave up. I never gave up.\nDuring his lifetime, I was going on and on. I mean, I had the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7170.0,7200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time and the\ndesire. He never stopped me. In fact, I think he was very proud of what I was doing.\n\nALPERT: That was helpful.\n\nCOPELAN: If he wasn't, he certainly professed to be. You know what I mean. He\nnever blocked me in anything I wanted to do. He was a very easygoing human ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7200.0,7230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being\ncompared to what I am. I mean, I was the difficult person, not he. If there were\nany difficulty, it was me.\n\nALPERT: I'm wondering about your own thinking. Were you still working when the\nAtlanta Jewish Federation began and began raising money for all the Jewish\norganizations? Were you still working then?\n\nCOPELAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7230.0,7260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a Federated group, you mean?\n\nALPERT: The Atlanta Jewish Federation. It may have been called [Atlanta Jewish]\nWelfare Fund before that.\n\nCOPELAN: I think it was still in existence.\n\nALPERT: It was still in existence while you were working?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. There was a Jewish Family Agency. It must have got its support\nfrom somewhere. It didn't come from us.\n\nALPERT: True. I was just wondering about your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7260.0,7290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thinking about that kind of\ncoordinated fundraising for social agencies. I know it didn't affect your agency\nbecause you have the endowment fund. But I was wondering what you thought about\nthat kind of fund raising.\n\nCOPELAN: I thought it was important. In fact, I think we became part of it. I\nthought we should be part of it. We were part ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7290.0,7320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a community here. We were as\nmuch Atlanta as we were in some other communities through the five-state area.\nThis was home base, you see. It seemed to me that we should be part of anything\nthat was . . . anything that was Atlanta, we should be part of. And we became\npart of it. Whatever. I don't know whether we got any money particularly from\nthem, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7320.0,7350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we certainly functioned as part of it. There was a need to change\nboard members too. I remember that of their board and our board.\n\nALPERT: Can you think of some of the people who were interchanged that way?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7350.0,7380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: I frankly can't.\n\nALPERT: At one point you mentioned Mike Gettinger.\n\nCOPELAN: Because I used to fight with him. I mean, he was a difficult person,\nand I was a difficult person. And one two people with strong minds get together,\nthey fight. He felt they had the right to the endowment fund. I fought with him\nwith every single thing of my being that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7380.0,7410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would fight him. He never got a penny\nout of that endowment fund.\n\nALPERT: At that time, he was with the Jewish Family Services or the Federation? Which?\n\nCOPELAN: Family Services. Yes. I don't remember them as a Federation person.\n\nALPERT: This is only lately.\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, is it because I only remember him with the Family ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7410.0,7440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Agency. Is he\nstill living?\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: Is he in Atlanta, too?\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: You see, I don't even have any contact with Atlanta anymore.\n\nALPERT: Did you know an Ed Kahn?\n\nCOPELAN: So sad. We fought too. But we're friends. We were friends. It wasn't\nlike . . . I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7440.0,7470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looked down on Mike Gettinger. Don't ask me why, but I didn't like\nhim. I think it shows when you don't like a person. I got along very well with\nEd Kahn, who was a very smart man. I miss him even to this day. He was good. He\nwas a good friend and a nice person to work with. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7470.0,7500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"respected me. I respected\nhim. And he wasn't always thinking about the Simon Wolf Endowment. I don't think\nI ever heard him mention the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. I don't think I ever saw\nMike Gettinger when he didn't mention the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. The\ndifference in the human beings. I always felt that should not be the reason for\ncontact ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7500.0,7530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with our agency because we had the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. I guess it\nwas a good reason to have my contact with us. I mean, we didn't demand this,\nthat, or the other thing. If we didn't get it from the community, we had it. I\nalways felt we were entitled as a community agency for this, that, or the other\nthing. And ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7530.0,7560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it was possible, they got it from the community, if it were\npossible to get it. I mean, we are a community agency.\n\nALPERT: Of course.\n\nCOPELAN: Thankfully, we didn't make too many demands, but we were a part of it\nvery much from the financial end of it as well as from a cooperative ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7560.0,7590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"angle. The\nFamily Agency was Ed Kahn, and Ed Khan and I got along very well. We didn't\nfuss. Or if we fussed, it wasn't bad fussing. You know what I mean. It was\nlegitimate. We had a right to be annoyed.\n\nALPERT: You know, over the years, organizations change also.\n\nCOPELAN: Sure, I'm ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7590.0,7620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sure they do. I don't have any contact. I haven't had a\ncontact with a social agency, I bet in 20 years. I mean, easy that. I was trying\nto think, we've been here over a little more than 20 years in this apartment. I\nused to have meetings in my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7620.0,7650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apartment. I remember maybe one or two meetings that\nI brought them here. Not many. I ended that. I ended the social aspects of my\nrelationship with board members and staff people. I mean, it was different. I\nused to feel ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7650.0,7680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there was quite a separation, but there needed to be a\nseparation. Board needed to feel very important. There is not too many ways that\nyou can make them feel important. I mean, when you are professionally staffed.\nLay people can't do the job that you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7680.0,7710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expect. They hadn't been doing, which is a\nbig thing. We're talking about what to overcome. That was the biggest thing I\nhad to overcome.\n\nALPERT: Explain that a little bit more.\n\nCOPELAN: Was to lop off what they called volunteer service. Yes, we can have\nvolunteer service, but there is a certain ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7710.0,7740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"limit to volunteer service. I put\nthose limits on, and it wasn't too liked. They didn't like it so well. I didn't\nhave to give much difficulty pointing out differences of what was what was\nbetter and what wasn't.\n\nALPERT: And they accepted it?\n\nCOPELAN: Eventually. It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7740.0,7770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took a little while. I remember there always somebody\nobjecting. Finally, even the objectors came around to not objecting. It didn't\ndo any good. I objected a little bit harder. That's all. I'm not the easiest\nperson in the world when I make up my mind to do something. It got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7770.0,7800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"done. I was\ngoing to make a professional agency out of that place or die in the attempt. I\ncouldn't conceive of myself being attached to an agency that couldn't be a\nmember of the Child Welfare League of America. I couldn't conceive of it. I had\nalways worked for an agency that had it. I did it in Philadelphia. I just never\ndid it. I didn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7800.0,7830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think that you could do a job without having that type of\ncontact. Not that you do get that kind of leadership. Maybe more now than we\nused to. But I thought it was terribly important in those days.\n\nALPERT: It still is. Believe me. It still is.\n\nCOPELAN: You had to be accepted by people. You know, a standard-setting agency.\nThat, to me, was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7830.0,7860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"important.\n\nALPERT: All right. But you do know of the Jewish Children's Services and the\nwork they do now, which is different than when you were there, for the most part.\n\nCOPELAN: All they do now is grant scholarships. They don't do any placement\nwhatsoever. Family Agency does all that now. Family and children's.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: That came much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7860.0,7890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"later. I guess they're doing all right. I never heard\ndifferently. I don't know what they do over there. I am not sufficiently\ninterested anymore. You got to get me. If you want my interest, I give it, but\nit has to be given to me somehow or another. They make no effort. I sure make no\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7890.0,7920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"effort. I did have a very good contact with the . . . what do they call that\nplace where the old people live.\n\nALPERT: The [William Breman] Jewish Home?\n\nCOPELAN: I guess it was called the Jewish Home then too. Where was it? It was\ndown on 14th Street. I remember that. It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7920.0,7950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was nowhere near where it is now. I\nforget who was there. It was an easy person to work with. Pleasant person to\nwork with. I had no problems with her at all.\n\nALPERT: When you were placing children in the Atlanta area for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7950.0,7980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adoption or\nfoster home, did you arrange for the older people who might have been living in\nthe Jewish Home to be substitute grandparents or anything like that?\n\nCOPELAN: I offered homes to an agency that was responsible. \u003ctalking to someone\nelse in the room\u003e You don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7980.0,8010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"need me for anything?\n\nALPERT: I didn't turn it [the tape] off. We'll all be on it. I was just\nwondering, because I think now groups are beginning to have that kind of\ninteraction. Adolescents and young children, not orphans, but through the Sunday\nschool classes or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8010.0,8040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B'nai B'rith Youth Organization, they go and they help out\nwith some of the older people. Back and forth. That kind of thing.\n\nCOPELAN: No. If we had it . . . there was a Family Agency, I know that. Ed Khan\nwas the head of that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8040.0,8070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agency. I had a very comfortable relationship with Ed Kahn.\nHe didn't bother me, and I didn't bother him. They came to my board meetings. I\nwent to his. Annual meetings, always. No question. Because we fed everybody,\nthey came to an annual meeting. Jewish Children ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8070.0,8100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Services came as our guests. We\nalways had money. The Jewish Children's Services always had money.\n\nALPERT: That must have made it a little bit easier in many respects.\n\nCOPELAN: I'm sure it did. It made us welcome, in many respects, too. And we\ngave. I don't say we actually supported any other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8100.0,8130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agency, but if your intentions\nare good and you pay dues or whatever that they require, you are accepted. That\nis in places like . . . you know, Washington used to be an active part of our\nset up at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8130.0,8160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one time.\n\nALPERT: Washington, D.C.?\n\nCOPELAN: Washington, D.C. When I was with the agency that broke away during the\ntime when I was in the . . . a busy worker. When the Washington agency broke\nties with the regional setup, it was no longer regional. It was a local agency,\nwhich ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8160.0,8190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was very interesting and very upsetting to some members of our board. I\nmean, they felt what was wrong with it? You know, there must be something wrong.\n\nALPERT: If Washington broke away?\n\nCOPELAN: Broke away. You couldn't see that it had grown enough to want to be . . .\n\nALPERT: Independent.\n\nCOPELAN: By itself. That was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8190.0,8220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job too, you know, to get a board to accept that\nkind of thing. I think they thought that I was doing something wrong, you know.\nIf they wouldn't want to stay part of the setup. I had, what you call, had to\ndefend myself with my own board.\n\nALPERT: That must have been quite a time.\n\nCOPELAN: Nothing ever ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8220.0,8250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bothered me. It doesn't bother me now. It damn sure didn't\nbother me then. I didn't let things bother me. To say \"bother,\" I loved my job.\nI liked it every, not minute. I did it because I loved it. I liked my job. I\nliked working. I never felt, oh, I have to get up to go to the office. I was\nglad to get ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8250.0,8280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up and go to the office. It became my life.\n\nALPERT: Certainly. When you retired from that job, did you do so because you\nwanted to retire?\n\nCOPELAN: My husband insisted that I retire. He thought it was just ridiculous.\nHe thought it was the silliest thing in the world that I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8280.0,8310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wanted to keep going.\nHe never heard of such a thing. Why? Why? I think it was because I refused to\ntake any money for a job from Jewish Children's Services.\n\nALPERT: You never got a salary?\n\nCOPELAN: I did but when I retired, I retired. I felt that my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8310.0,8340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"services were not\nthat important. What I give, I would give to anybody that wanted it. And I\ndidn't need it, is another thing. You got to remember. I never needed money, not\nfrom the agency, from my household, from my husband, or anybody. I didn't need\nit. And it makes a difference.\n\nALPERT: Oh yes.\n\nCOPELAN: It makes a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8340.0,8370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big difference.\n\nALPERT: You are much more independent.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, I didn't want it. I didn't need it. Everybody was glad to be in\nthat position with me, you know. What's good for them is what's good for me. I\ndon't think I ever mentioned the fact that I did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8370.0,8400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it.\n\nALPERT: You mean when you retired, they didn't give you a big, big gift of some sort?\n\nCOPELAN: Yes.\n\nALPERT: They did?\n\nCOPELAN: I have to show it to you. Do you want to see it?\n\nALPERT: Sure.\n\nCOPELAN: It's jewelry. Did I give it to Ruthie? I may not find it. Wait until\nshe comes. When she comes home.\n\nALPERT: They did give you a big gift.\n\nCOPELAN:I had a turn out like nobody in the . . . the President of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8400.0,8430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United\nStates wouldn't have had a more glorious send off than I got. It really was\nmagnificent. I don't know whether you know anything about the Standard Club here\nin Atlanta. I don't know what it is today because I finally resigned. I mean, I\nhad no reason to go there. My friends are all dead. There ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8430.0,8460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were a lot of kids up\nthere. I didn't need them. I just got out of it. To me, I don't spend money\nwhere I don't need to. That would be spent for something that I felt was totally\nunnecessary. I didn't have to say I belonged to whatever. It was important at\none time. It became ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8460.0,8490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unimportant, as most things have come to me now. Why get\nexcited about them? It's unimportant. It's a nice feeling.\n\nALPERT: That's true.\n\nCOPELAN: It is. I have been very grateful. I am grateful for what has happened\nto me. I've been enjoying an old ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8490.0,8520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"age. Most people don't, you know. They grow old\nand unhappy. I am happy in my old age.\n\nALPERT: Great.\n\nCOPELAN: I've got a nice daughter. Without her, I couldn't exist, who gives me\nmanicures and pedicures and makes sure that I don't go out without ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8520.0,8550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lipstick. I\nmean, she's . . .\n\nALPERT: On the ball. So you've had a good life. You've enjoyed it.\n\nCOPELAN: I've had a good life. I had a nice husband, a successful husband. An\nundemanding husband, who thought I was the queen bee. It was a big, big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8550.0,8580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"help. I\nmean, right through my life. He kept me on a pedestal, which I have missed with\nhis going, very, very much, because he certainly thought I was the queen bee,\nwithout a doubt. And if I didn't think so myself, he made me feel so. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8580.0,8610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's been\na good life. I can't complain about my life. It's been a very, very . . .\n\nALPERT: That's so nice to hear. It really is.\n\nCOPELAN: Well, it has been. And it still is.\n\nALPERT: Good.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, I've already decided where I want to go to eat tonight. You\nknow what I mean? The big deals. What are we going to eat tonight? Do we eat at\nhome or do we go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8610.0,8640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out? More often out than in, if you watch where the matchboxes\nare. I throw the matches away because we don't smoke. Both of us were very, very\nheavy smokers. We both quit. And when we I say quit, we don't touch a cigarette.\nYou won't find a cigarette in here. She used to buy them by the carton. I bought\nthem by the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8640.0,8670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carton. Never was without a carton of cigarettes around.\n\nALPERT: I'm just trying. Now you're enjoying whatever you can enjoy. Would you\nsay that is your philosophy at this stage, to enjoy whatever you can?\n\nCOPELAN: Whatever I can. We don't eat just to eat. We go to, what I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8670.0,8700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call,\nfirst-class restaurants. I don't go to see how much money I can save to eat.\nI've got the money. Let's spend it for this. If you want to go to the theater,\nthe best seats are not too good for us. I like to sit to the front so I can hear.\n\nALPERT: Right.\n\nCOPELAN: And I have to have an end seat where I can put my walker up against the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8700.0,8730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wall. I'll feel like I've got to buy an extra seat to sit the walker against. I\nmean, I have no problems. Really, my problems are nothing. If you don't have\nmoney problems, what kind of problems. I don't have health problems. I have\nbackaches. Good grief, at my age why shouldn't I have? I've got I have something\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8730.0,8760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's not good. And it's a backache.\n\nALPERT: I'm trying to get at what you might call your . . .\n\nCOPELAN: Philosophy of life.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: It's to get as much pleasure out of living as I can get.\n\nALPERT: Great. That's terrific.\n\nCOPELAN: I'm not going to worry about what I eat. I don't have to worry ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8760.0,8790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about\nit. I don't know of anything I have to worry about. My daughter, whether she's\nunhappy or happy, I wouldn't know because she wouldn't make me aware of it. I\ncertainly do everything that I can to make her life as pleasant as I possibly\ncan. I don't put demands on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8790.0,8820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her. If I voice anything, it's done before I . . . I\nhave to think what it was I asked you to do. I don't remember. You know, it gets\ndone. There is there is no problem between Ruth and me. There was just none. She\nlikes to stay up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8820.0,8850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very late at night, so I. If I turn it . . .\n\nALPERT: You've indicated to me that you're not really too interested in the\nsocial service scene in Atlanta now. When did you begin to lose interest in\nthat? Because you certainly have interest in other things.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8850.0,8880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN:I'm trying to think when. Ed Kahn died. Whenever he died. I was very\nclose to the set up over there. With him, we were very close friends, good\nfriends and professional ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8880.0,8910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends. I never tied up with whoever came after him.\n\nALPERT: Ed Kahn was sick, I know, for a number of years before he died because I\nmet him when he was when he was . . .\n\nCOPELAN: When he was at the home.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: I used to go over there to visit him. I liked Ed very much. He was a\nnice, warm ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8910.0,8940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"human being.\n\nALPERT: Because I was wondering what you're thinking about. There have been\nchanges over the years and even long before that. I'm wondering what you were\nthinking about the changes. Do you think they're going in the right direction or\nshould they go in another direction? Or what.\n\nCOPELAN: Listen, if you can know it. This is true. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8940.0,8970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once I lose interest, it's\ngone. It isn't something that happens over slowly dying and gradually. Something\nhappened, and I lost interest and when I lost interest, it's gone.\n\nALPERT: And that was related to Ed Kahn and his health.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8970.0,9000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: I never tied up with the new people. I don't know who's over there now.\n\nALPERT: Leonard Cohen.\n\nCOPELAN: Oh, sure, I know Leonard.\n\nALPERT: He's the head of it now.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. I know. He was . . . in the days when I was working, he was just beginning.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9000.0,9030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ALPERT: Well he's the head of it now.\n\nCOPELAN: I guess he's entitled to it. I'm sure he's grown up in the days when I\nknew him. This was 25 years that I've been out of any contacts at all, even\nthinking about.\n\nALPERT: Is there anything ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9030.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you can think of that I haven't thought of?\nWhether it was any trips that you took over the years . . .\n\nCOPELAN: I went away every year. I went to Europe with friends, women. I have\nnever tied up with another man. I had a good husband and a happy husband, a\nhappy married life. I never felt the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9060.0,9090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"need for more companionship, which a lot of\nwomen do.\n\nALPERT: I know.\n\nCOPELAN: But I am one of the strange human beings that don't.\n\nALPERT: If you could, if it were possible for you to live parts of your life\nover, would you change any part of it? Which parts would you change?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9090.0,9120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: It's been a good life. I don't know. I don't think I ever had an\nunhappy time. I've had deaths that have left me pretty badly shaken.\n\nALPERT: Sure.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, both my parents are gone. I have a brother living in assisted\nliving. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9120.0,9150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He lost his wife, and she's lost her husband. They live in Newport,\nRhode Island, which is where I come from. I don't go back there. If they want to\nsee me, they have to come here. I'm the old lady. They are much younger. I mean,\nRuth, my Ruth is two years younger . . . two years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9150.0,9180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"older than my younger sister.\nI have a sister that is two years older . . . two years younger than my sister.\nI have a sister that is two years younger than my daughter.\n\nALPERT: That's unusual.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes. She has no children. My brother never had a child, which I think\nis interesting. Both of them attempted to adopt.\n\nALPERT: Through you?\n\nCOPELAN: And I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9180.0,9210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"refused.\n\nALPERT: Why?\n\nCOPELAN: My brother is a drinker, and I didn't like his set up. He's got money,\nbut what is it? You got to have more than that. And my sister is a cold fish. I\ncouldn't see her warm enough to care, enough to . . . A kid has to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9210.0,9240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"placed.\n\nALPERT: Needs extra.\n\nCOPELAN: He has to have more than just here's my mother or my father. You've got\nto have something different. Unless I could find those qualities in my brother\nand sister, they wouldn't get it because they were my brother and sister, and\nknew why because I never hesitated to tell them why I didn't. Because they knew\nI was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9240.0,9270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"placing.\n\nALPERT: Sure.\n\nCOPELAN: Of course, I always had the good excuse, too, is they lived in Rhode\nIsland. When do we go to Rhode Island? We got five states to work in.\n\nALPERT: Yes.\n\nCOPELAN: I can't place them in Rhode Island. I never made any enemies of my\nsister or my brother. We are very good friends because I always had that excuse.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9270.0,9300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It never was on the basis of them. It would have been on my brother. My brother\nstill is what I call a heavy drinker. I don't approve. Its none of your business\nor mine.\n\nALPERT: Well, family relations. I want to say, I think we've covered just about\neverything that I can think of, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9300.0,9330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except one thing. I never did ask you your\nopinion about Israel.\n\nCOPELAN: I have no feelings about Israel. That is the answer. I have no desire\nto go there. I'm not Jewishly inclined, if you want to know something. I've not\nidentified with anything that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9330.0,9360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"truly has a religious connotation. I think I'm\nirreligious, if anything. I mean, I go to Temple.\n\nALPERT: You do belong, though?\n\nCOPELAN: I've always have a membership at Temple. I mean, the first thing I did\nwhen I came to Atlanta was to join the Temple. You joined the club. You joined\nthe Temple.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9360.0,9390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: . . . Granddaughter identify with anything Jewish. Isn't that funny.\nAfter all, she was not reared that way. I mean, we went to the Temple. She\ngraduated from Sunday school. Religion, she didn't get from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9390.0,9420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me, nor from her\nmother either, for that matter. We are pretty much alike.\n\nALPERT: And she's picked it up.\n\nCOPELAN: She got it from her husband or their family. She doesn't even live\nhere. I see her maybe twice a year when she comes here. She is in Israel right\nthis very minute. I think she's been in there maybe three or four ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9420.0,9450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"times. She\ngoes back. She likes it. She has identified with everything that you could think\nof. The boards of every agency. Every social agency. That is something she grew\nup with and she became in New Haven, Connecticut is where she lives. I don't\nthink there's a board . . . even the YMCA, she's on the board. I mean, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9450.0,9480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's\nshe's active. She's a very active . . . in social services as far as a board\nmember. She's typical, as I say, you're a typical board member. What does that\nmean? It means to me you give money. You give time, which a lot of them don't\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9480.0,9510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do. They just give the money. I have appreciation of that. She says, \"Where did\nI get that from?\" I always get the glory of anything that goes on between\nanybody. In my family, I can do no wrong, and I never did a wrong. And I sure am\nnot far from perfect. I mean, I've had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9510.0,9540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that kind of relationship with my family.\nThey think I'm pretty good, which is okay too.\n\nALPERT: I want to thank you very, very much for the whole oral history project.\nBecause of what you have done, you've given us a little piece of Jewish history\nin Atlanta that we wouldn't have gotten otherwise, and I want to say thank you\nvery much.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9540.0,9570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"COPELAN: There is a Jewish Orthodox group here that I have no contact with whatsoever.\n\nALPERT: That's all right.\n\nCOPELAN: I mean, I've been a Temple membership all my life that . . . where I\ncould join or something. Have been with Temple group, not the Orthodox group at\nall. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9570.0,9600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newport has the oldest synagogue in the United States. I got pictures of\nmyself standing in front of the synagogue. So, I must have had some\nidentification even with the synagogue . . .\n\nRUTH: You taught Sunday school, Mother. I thought you taught Sunday school at\none time.\n\nCOPELAN: Yes, I taught Sunday school. Sure, I did.\n\nALPERT: So you were identified, more than you wanted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9600.0,9630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/transcript/66407/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to lead me to believe.\n\nCOPELAN: I forgot that I taught. It is true. I did.\n\nALPERT: Was that in Philadelphia or here?\n\nCOPELAN: In Philadelphia. That's a long time ago. That's your smoker's cough. I\nhad it for a long time. Give up your smoking, it will go away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9630.0,9660.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Copelan, Ethel Aronson [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCzechoslovakia is the common reference for the Czechoslovak Republic, a state established by the Versailles Treaty in 1918 from several provinces after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian state at the end of World War I. After the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, Germany demanded the “return” of the Sudetenland—a border area of Czechoslovakia where 3 million ethnic Germans lived, which had been taken away from Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I. In the late summer of 1938, Hitler threatened war unless the area was ceded to Germany. At the same time, Hungary annexed territory in southern Slovakia, and Poland annexed part of Silesia. In an effort to ensure peace, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime MinisterNeville Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact on September 30, 1938, which gave the Sudetenland to Hitler. In the wake of the Munich Pact, the leaders of the democratic government in Czechoslovakia resigned. The state restructured itself into an authoritarian regime and was renamed Czecho-Slovakia. However, external demands on its territory continued to plague the state. Encouraged by Germany, Hungary annexed territory in southern Slovakia in the autumn of 1938, and Poland annexed the Tešin District of Czech Silesia. Then on March 15, 1939, Germany invaded and occupied the Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia. The Germans split what remained of Czechoslovakia into Slovakia (an independent state with a fascist, authoritarian regime that allied with Germany), and the rest was merged into the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the Greater German Reich. Two months later, in May, Hungary seized and annexedSubcarpathian Rus. In just two decades, Czechoslovakia had disappeared from the map.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAronson’s Jewelers opened in 1897 in Newport, Rhode, Island, and has operated continuously byEthel’s brother, Joseph Irving Aronson.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Holy Days are the two holiest times of the Jewish calendar: \u003cem\u003eRosh HaShanah \u003c/em\u003e(Jewish New Year) and \u003cem\u003eYom Kippur\u003c/em\u003e (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eShabbat \u003c/em\u003e(Hebrew) or \u003cem\u003eShabbos\u003c/em\u003e(Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. \u003cem\u003eShabbat\u003c/em\u003e begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the \u003cem\u003ehavdalah\u003c/em\u003e blessing\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Hebrew Orphans’ Home was located at 478 Washington Street in Atlanta, Georgia. The residence facility was open from 1876 to 1930. It was originally called the Hebrew Orphans’ Asylum and was originally an actual orphanage. In 1901, the name was changed to the Hebrew Orphans’ Home. Then, its services were phased into placing children in foster home care and helping with adoptions instead of an actual orphans' home, during which time it was called the Jewish Family and Children's Bureau (and another variation—Jewish Children's Services). It eventually got out of the children's institutional care business entirely. In 1988, the organization’s mission changed, and it became the Jewish Education Loan Fund (JELF) with the goal of providing low-interest post-secondary education loans for Jewish students.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Boston Common is a public park in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest city park in the UnitedStates.Boston Common consists of 50 acres of land bounded by Tremont Street, Park Street, Beacon Street, Charles Street, and Boylston Street.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Child Welfare League of America (CWLA) is a charitable organization that coordinates efforts for child welfare in the United States and provides direct support to agencies that serve children and families. The CWLA is run by professionals in the children's services field. As a national organization, it lobbies for both child protection and delivery of services to children. It is the oldest child welfare organization in the United States with its formation in 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called the First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that, in 1914–18, embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in 1939–1945, but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA gentile is a person of non-Jewish faith.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSimon Wolf Endowment Fund Inc. is a registered non-profit organization in Atlanta, Georgia. The IRS recognizes it as a non-profit under religious, educational, charitable, scientific, and literary organizations. Simon Wolf (1836-1923) was aUnited Statesbusinessman, lawyer, writer, diplomat and Jewish activistborninBavaria.He emigrated to the United States in 1848, making his home in Ohio. He graduated from the Ohio LawCollege in Clevelandin 1861. He was active in Jewish charitable and educational movements and was a frequent lecturer on social, literary, and political topics. He was the founder and president of the Hebrew Orphans' Home in Atlanta, Georgia, and president of the Board of Children's Guardians, Washington. He was very active in the independent Order B'nai B'rith, of which he was president from 1903 to 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Family Services of Atlanta was an organization that began its life in 1890 as the Montefiore Relief Association. Its name and focus changed multiple times. It became a constituent agency of the Jewish Federation of Atlanta. In 1982, Jewish Family Services was incorporated as a separate organization, although it continued to maintain its affiliation with the Federation. It operated the Jewish Family and Children’s Bureau and the Ben Massell Dental Clinic. Jewish Family Services merged with Jewish Vocational Services in 1997 to become Jewish Family and Career Services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Temple, or “Hebrew Benevolent Congregation,” is Atlanta’s oldest Jewish congregation. The cornerstone was laid on the Temple on Garnett Street in 1875. The dedication was held in 1877 and the Temple was located there until 1902. The Temple’s next location on Pryor Street was dedicated in 1902. The Temple’s current location in Midtown on Peachtree Street was dedicated in 1931. The main sanctuary is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Reform Congregation now totals approximately 1500 families. As of 2024, its Senior Rabbi is Peter S. Berg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe systematic, government-sponsored attempt by the German Nazi government to annihilate the Jews of Europe between 1939 and 1945, which resulted in the deaths of 6,000,000 Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Standard Club is a Jewish social club that started as the “Concordia Association” in 1867 in Downtown Atlanta. In 1905, it was reorganized as the “Standard Club” and moved into the former mansion of William C. Sanders near the site of Center Parc Credit Union Stadium (formerly Turner Field). In the late 1920s, the club moved to Ponce de LeonAvenue in Midtown Atlanta. Later, the club moved to what is now the Lenox Park business park and was located thereuntil 1983. In the 1980s, the club moved to its present location in Johns Creek in Atlanta’s northern suburbs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Jewish Educational Loan Fund had its origins in 1961 when the Jewish Children’s Services (JCS), which grew out of the Hebrew Orphans’ Home in Atlanta, Georgia, shifted its focus to providing interest-free, needs-based loans to college students within the five-state region that was originally served by the Orphans’ Home. The JCS board combined some assets from the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund with JCS’s scholarship fund. In 1989, the organization changed its name to the Jewish Educational Loan Fund (JELF). Currently, its endowment totals $5.1 million (2018).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArchitect William Lee Stoddart designed the Georgian Terrace Hotel in Midtown Atlanta in a Beaux-Arts style intended to evoke the architecture of Paris. Construction began in 1910, and the hotel opened in 1911. A 19-story wing was added in 1991, and a major renovation was completed in 2009. The Georgian Terrace is a member of Historic Hotelof America, the official program of the Women’s Trust for Historic Preservation.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe movie \u003cem\u003eThe Last of the Mohicans\u003c/em\u003e is based on James Fenimore Cooper's 1826 novel of the same name. Set during the French and Indian War, it is about the last members of a dying Native American tribe. It is a work of fiction and not a historical account.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe wandering Jew she refers to is a species of creeping plant in the Tradescantia genus. Common names include silver inch plant and wandering Jew, or the alternative, wandering dude.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe High Museum of Art in Atlanta is the leading art museum in the southeastern United States. Located on Peachtree Street in Midtown, the High is a division of the Woodruff Arts Center. It was founded in 1905 as the Atlanta Art Association and was renamed after the High family donated their house as an exhibit space in 1926. In 1983, a new 135,000-square-foot building designed by Richard Meier opened to house the Museum. In 2002, three new buildings designed by Renzo Piano more than doubled the Museum's size.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ford Model T was an automobile produced by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927. It is generally regarded as the first mass-affordable automobile, which made car travel available to middle-class Americans. The Model T was colloquially known as the Tin Lizzie.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGrady High School was founded in 1924 as a Boys’ High School. It later merged with Tech High and became coeducational and became known as Henry W. Grady High School. It is part of the Atlanta Public School System and has many notable alumni, including S. Truett Cathy, the founder of Chick-fil-A. It is located in Midtown Atlanta. In 2020, the Atlanta School Board voted to rename the school “Midtown High School” beginning in the 2021-2022 school year.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFranklin Simon \u0026amp; Co. was a New York City-based department store chain specializing in women's fashions and furnishings. The store was conceived as a collection of specialty shops rather than a traditional U.S. dry goods store. Each \"shop\" had a specialty product line, such as ready-to-wear apparel for women, misses, girls, boys, men, young men, and infants. The chain closed in 1979\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eDavison's of Atlanta was a department store chain and an Atlanta shopping institution. Davison's first opened its doors in Atlanta in 1891 and originated in the Davison \u0026amp; Douglas Company. In 1901, the store changed its name to Davison-Paxon-Stokes after the retirement of E. Lee Douglas from the business and the appointment of Frederic John Paxon as treasurer. Davison-Paxon-Stokes sold out to R.H. Macy \u0026amp; Co. in 1925. By 1927, R.H. Macy built the Peachtree Street store that still stands today. That same year, the company dropped the “Stokes” to become Davison Paxon Co. All Davison’s stores were completely absorbed into the Macy’s nameplate in 1986, rendering the store defunct.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute in the United States. The CDC is a United States federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services, headquartered near Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United Jewish Appeal (UJA) was a Jewish philanthropic umbrella organization that collected and distributed funds to Jewish organizations in their community and around the country. UJA existed from 1939 until it was folded into the United Jewish Communities, which was formed from the 1999 merger of United Jewish Appeal (UJA), Council of Jewish Federations, and United Israel Appeal, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5850.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMax C. (Mike) Gettinger (1911-2000) forged a life-long career in Jewish social services in the United States and Israel. He became the executive director of the Atlanta Jewish Federation in 1962, a post he kept until 1982. During his leadership, the Federation experienced tremendous growth and reorganization. Gettinger authored the book Coming of Age: The Atlanta Jewish Federation, 1962-1982, which was published in 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6660.0,6690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Federation of Greater Atlanta is a regional branch of the Jewish Federations of North America. It is an organization that focuses on serving the Atlanta Jewish community through philanthropic endeavors such as supporting infrastructure, including schools and synagogues. Federation supports the Jewish community but also welcomes people of various backgrounds, including interfaith, LGBT+, and multiracial people and families.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7230.0,7260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Jewish Community Council was created in 1945 when a committee of 20, appointed by the president of the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund, met to consider how the adult Jewish organizations in the community could be coordinated to participate more effectively in community service. In 1967, the Jewish Community Council merged into the Atlanta Jewish Federation along with the Atlanta Federation for Jewish Social Service and the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund. The Council became a department of the Atlanta Jewish Federation (now the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta) called Community Relations and Internal Jewish Affairs (later changed to the Community Relations Committee). By 2009, the Council became an independent entity, the Jewish Community Relations Council of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7260.0,7290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe William Breman Jewish Home is a nursing home in Atlanta providing short and long-term dementia, Alzheimer’s, and nursing care. Formerly the Jewish Home, it first opened in 1951 at 260 14th Street, NW, on land that had been donated by real estate developer Ben J. Massell. The Home’s growth called for a larger, updated facility, leading to the construction of a new building at 3150 Howell Mill Road, NW. The second Jewish Home opened on February 16, 1971. In 1991, it was renamed the William Breman Jewish Home to honor and recognize its third president, Bill Breman, as the prime motivator of the modern-day facility.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7920.0,7950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB’nai B’rith Youth Organization (BBYO) is a Jewish youth movement for students in grades 8 through 12. The organization emphasizes its youth leadership model in which teen leaders are elected by their peers on a local, regional, and international level and are given the opportunity to make their own programmatic decisions\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8040.0,8070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeonard Lincoln Cohen (1925-2010) was Executive Director of Jewish Family Services of Atlanta from 1960 to 1988. He earned a Bachelor's degree at the University of Akron and a Master's degree in Social Work from the University of Pittsburgh. He served in active duty in the U.S. Army and was a Lt. Colonel in the U.S. Army Reserves\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9000.0,9030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/annotation_set/1311/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Touro Synagogue, or Congregation Jeshuat Israel, is a synagogue built in 1763 in Newport, Rhode Island. It is the oldest synagogue building still standing in the United States, the only surviving synagogue building in the United States dating to the colonial era, and the oldest surviving Jewish synagogue building in North America. In 1946, it was declared a National Historic Site. The first congregation was made up of Sephardic Jews, who are believed to have come via the West Indies, where they participated in the trade with Dutch and English settlements. They practiced Spanish and Portuguese Jewish liturgy and ritual. Since the late 19th century, the congregants have been primarily Ashkenazi.-------The congregation at Newport, never large, was initially composed of Jews with roots in the Sephardic Spanish and Portuguese diaspora, and by the eighteenth century, with some Ashkenazim. The first Jewish residents of Newport, fifteen Spanish Jewish families, arrived in 1658. It is presumed that they arrived via the communities in Curaçao, home to the oldest active Jewish congregation in the Americas, dating to 1651, and Suriname. The small community worshiped in rooms in private homes for more than a century before they could afford to build a synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9600.0,9630.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Copelan, Ethel Aronson [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Talking about Family Origins in the United States","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=43.0,145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My mother in New York City and my father in Prague.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=43.0,145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Haven, Conneticut","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parents","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prague, Czechoslovakia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=43.0,145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Family Business: Aronson's Jewelers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=145.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He used to travel throughout the New England states. As far as I can recall, he was in the jewelry business and he contacted jewelry shops.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=145.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aronson's Jewelers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Father's Career","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=145.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siblings: Growing up as the eldest child","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=192.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was the oldest. I had one brother and one sister living. The sister is two years younger than my daughter.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=192.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siblings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=192.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evelyn Aronson Goodman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacob Irving Aronson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siblings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=192.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birthdate and current age","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=214.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't remember when I was born. September the 5th is my birthday.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=214.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birthday","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=214.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birthday","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"September 5","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=214.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growing up and schooling in Philadelphia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=271.0,345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No. Most of my growing up childhood was in Philadelphia. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=271.0,345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growing up","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Public school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=271.0,345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pennsylvania School for Social Work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Public School system","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=271.0,345.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Practicing Judaism during childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=345.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you have any kind of Jewish background at all? That's the sad part. I haven't taken it either.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=345.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Synagogues","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=345.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Extended family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=465.0,614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My mother had one sister, and my father had no brothers or sisters. My mother's sister lived in Providence, Rhode Island.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=465.0,614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=465.0,614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Providence, Rhode Island","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=465.0,614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel's Husband, Michael A. Copelan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=614.0,714.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I go back much further than Philadelphia. I lived in Newport. I met my husband in Newport. He was stationed in Newport.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=614.0,714.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Michael Copelan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MIT","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newport, Rhode Island","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pennsylvania School of Social Work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=614.0,714.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newport, Rhode Island","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=614.0,714.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adult Relationships with Brother, Jacob Irving Aronson and Sister, Evelyn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=714.0,822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel speaks about the distance between herself and her siblings in adulthood. They stayed in Newport, Rhode Island, while Ethel moved to Pennsylvania and eventually Atlanta.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=714.0,822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My brother was in a serious automobile accident about four or five years ago. I haven't seen him since. I understand that he was pretty badly hurt. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=714.0,822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacob Irving Aronson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=714.0,822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Car Accident","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evelyn Aronson Goodman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacob Irving Aronson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=714.0,822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coming to Atlanta and Living Separately from Michael, her husband","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=822.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel moved to the Atlanta area for work, separately from her husband who worked in Miami and later in Chicago.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=822.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I became the Executive Director of the Jewish Children's Services, which was a child caring agency here in the south covering 5 wsates. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=822.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, GA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=822.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=822.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Career Pride and Path from School to Work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=964.0,1132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel's first job in Atlanta was at the Executive Director of Jewish Children's Services. As a top student, she recalls this being her first job after college.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=964.0,1132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Very proud. There weren't many women working in my day.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=964.0,1132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, GA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Career","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=964.0,1132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Bureau","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=964.0,1132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why Social Work?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1132.0,1244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel began working in an institution for social work as a part-time job teaching kids music. She later went to school for social work due to the encouraging of the school's director. She held her job here while completing school. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1132.0,1244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In my youth, I worked for a person. It was called the Seibert Child Study Home in Philadelphia. I had a job there. I played the piano and I taught the kids music. I don't think I knew too much about social work or anything like that.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1132.0,1244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seibert Child Study Home","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seibert School of Child Study","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1132.0,1244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seibert School of Child Study","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social Work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1132.0,1244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Improving the Integrity of Jewish Children's Services through the Child Welfare League of America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1244.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel talks about how she drastically improved the credibility of Jewish Children's Services, especially by becoming a member of the Child Welfare League of America.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1244.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I don't know whether it was then, but it became one. I don't know what it was before, because when I got here, I found nothing but laypeople running the job. Very sloppy. It was imperative to me that we became a member of the Child Welfare League of America. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1244.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Child Welfare League of America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1244.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Child Welfare League of America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1244.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Living with Ruth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1343.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Et","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1343.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's about 26, 27 years since he has been dead. I've gotten used to living by myself with my daughter.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1343.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moving","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1343.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1343.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Keeping in Touch with Family Over the Phone","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1491.0,1565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel says her remaining family keeps in touch with her regularly, especially over the phone. She comments that since she's \"got the money\" the youngest members of her family are most eager to talk with her.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1491.0,1565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I say call me whenever you feel like it. I'm glad to hear from them. So, Sundays is a busy telephone day with the family, what family I have.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1491.0,1565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Generational wealth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Matriarch","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1491.0,1565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Matriarch","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Telephone","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1491.0,1565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1565.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Jewish Children's Bureau was primarily a boarding care agency for Jewish children, though they also offered adoption services if homes were available.Their placement spanned five states, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and they accepted children of Jewish mothers exclusively though from all over the country.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1565.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe we can get more about the Jewish Children's Bureau here. First, you professionalized it. You had contacts throughout five states...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1565.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adoption Agency","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Boarding Care","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1565.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adoption Agency","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gentile","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Boarding Care","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Bureau","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1565.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Connecting Unwed Mothers with Services Beyond Adoption","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1677.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If unwed mother's wanted to keep their children, the Jewish Children's Bureau offered financial assistance from the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1677.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they landed in the five-state area, we were available for services to them, and we gave that service. If they wanted to keep that child, that was okay too with us.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1677.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Financial Assistance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1677.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Single Mother's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1677.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solid Foundation due to Endowment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1728.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Jewish Children's Bureau has a strong financial foundation in the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund. There were never payroll anxieties at the organization, and they were able to offer competitive salaries at a time where social workers were paid hourly.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1728.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's based on the fact that there was the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund that we had, which is still going strong.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1728.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social Work Salaries","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1728.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1728.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retiring after 17 Years","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1799.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel retired after 17 years at the end of 1962 or 1963.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1799.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll read it. This was when you retired. You retired in... let's get a date. This was in 1963. That's when you retired from the agency?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1799.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1799.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1799.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Outliving Friends and Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1892.0,2047.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you feel about outliving so many people you knew?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=1892.0,2047.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Changes to Jewish Children's Services under Ethel's Leadership","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2047.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel got rid of all volunteers at Jewish Children's Services under her leadership, having a total of four staff at maximum. She still had a board that she reported to, but she wanted to separate the everyday work from lay people. She also had an influx of Jewish refugee children after World War II.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2047.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tell me, while we're talking about that part of your life and job, what changes took place while you were there? Or what changes did you initiate at the Jewish Children's Services?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2047.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Professionalizing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Refugees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Volunteers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2047.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Children's Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2047.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Creatively Placing Jewish Children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2486.0,2662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel's main goal was placing Jewish kids in the best environment for their well-being, sometimes this meant placing children with Gentile families.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2486.0,2662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The only one I could think of was a blind child who I finally placed for adoption. It took a long time. I placed her with a gentile family to give her the security that adoption would rather than a series of boarding homes. I did lots of things that nobody else would have. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2486.0,2662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adoption","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gentile","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2486.0,2662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rough Experiences of Refugee Children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2662.0,3702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of these children were not infants, but young teenagers who had diverse childhoods riddled with loss and grief.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=2662.0,3702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there anything, Mrs. Copelan, that stands out about the refugee children besides the fact that 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When Ruth arrived to Atlanta in 1948 with her daughter Mary Lou, and lived in an apartment together before moving in with Ethel.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5733.0,5973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"September 24, beginning the second tape. We're going to talk for a few minutes with Ruth, who is Mrs. Copelan's daughter. 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Mr. and Mrs. Weil, a husband and wife duo, led the professional staff before Ethel joined as the Executive Director. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5973.0,6651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right. And the report was to the president and the board of directors of the Hebrew Women's Home for Children.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5973.0,6651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Rosenberg","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First Job","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5973.0,6651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew Orphans Home","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hebrew Women's Home for Children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=5973.0,6651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6651.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel talks about how her agency always had the financial backing of the Simon Wolf Endowment Fund, which helped to fund numerous Jewish agencies in Atlanta. At times she would clash with directors of other agencies, including Mike Gettinger of Jewish Family Services, about controlling funds.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6651.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did the sale of that building provide money for --","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6651.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Federation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Family Agency","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mike Gettinger","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6651.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Federation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Family Agency","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mike Gettinger","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simon Wolf Endowment Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=6651.0,7247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Other Atlanta Organizations: Atlanta Jewish Federation (Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta), The William Breman Jewish Home, and B'nai B'rith Youth Organization","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7247.0,8262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Though the Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund existed before Ethel retired, she was not working when it became a Federated group and began raising money for Jewish agencies in Atlanta. She reflected on different people connected to Federation including Ed Kahn and Mike Gettinger. Ethel describes herself as particularly strong-minded and so she often clashed with people with strong personalities. She recalls getting along well with Ed Kahn from The Family Agency. Other organizations also working in her field included B'nai B'rith Youth Organization and the William Breman Jewish Home.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7247.0,8262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Were you still working when the Atlanta Jewish Federation began and began raising money for all the Jewish organizations? Were you still working then?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7247.0,8262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Federation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B'nai B'rith","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B'nai B'rith Youth Organization","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BBYO","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edward Kahn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fundraising","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mike Gettinger","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Breman Jewish Home","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7247.0,8262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Federation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta Jewish Welfare Fund","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B'nai B'rith","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BBYO","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Breman Jewish Home","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=7247.0,8262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Working for the Greater Good -- Not Salary","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8262.0,8863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel talks about how important working was for her, and how difficult it was for her to retire. Her husband insisted that she retired, and after she did, she continued to work for Jewish Children's Services without pay after retirement.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8262.0,8863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I loved my job. I liked it every, not minute. I did it because I loved it. I liked my job. I liked working. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8262.0,8863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Financial Independence","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8262.0,8863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Retirement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8262.0,8863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leaving the Atlanta Social Services Scene","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8863.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel talks about how she slowly became disconnected from the social services scene of Atlanta overtime. She remembers Ed Kahn's death as the final link broken between her and the community. After retirement, she never met the new people who began working in the community. At the time of the interview, Ethel has been without contacts for at least 25 years.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8863.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've indicated to me that you're not really too interested in the social service scene in Atlanta now. When did you begin to lose interest in that? Because you certainly have interest in other things.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8863.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ed Kahn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edward Kahn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leonard Cohen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8863.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ed Kahn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edward Kahn","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Atlanta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=8863.0,9060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reflecting on Her Life -- Trips, Not Remarrying After Husband's Death and Any Regrets","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9060.0,9332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethel reflects on her husband as someone that gave her a happy marriage that never left her wanting more companionship. She feels that she's had a good life and she couldn't think of anything she'd want to change. There were difficult moments in her life, like refusing to adopt out children to her siblings (including her brother who was an alcoholic), family and friends dying or becoming ill, and moving away from Rhode Island. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9060.0,9332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there anything you can think of that I haven't thought of? Whether it was any trips that you took over the years..","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9060.0,9332.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Opinions of Israel and Feeling Irreligious","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9332.0,9656.94694"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Though Ethel worked in the Jewish community proudly, she often mentions her dissonance between herself and practicing Judaism. She did not have feelings about Israel, saying she had no desire to go and that she was not \"Jewishly inclined\". As a lifelong member of the Temple, and didn't identify with the Orthodox synagogue where she was raised.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9332.0,9656.94694"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never did ask your opinion about Israel.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9332.0,9656.94694"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orthodox","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9332.0,9656.94694"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376/index/83126/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Temple","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/127526/file/239376#t=9332.0,9656.94694"}]}]}]}