{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/4x54f1nn0b/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Guthman, Aaron"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1964-04-04 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Guthman, Aaron (1867-1967) (Interviewee)","Messer, Alfred Dr. (1923-2005) (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Savannah Jews Project"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAaron Gutman was interviewed by Dr. Alfred Messer on April 4th, 1964 in Savannah, Georgia. \u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eAaron Guthman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1867 to German immigrants Istor and Helena Guthman. As a child, Aaron lived in Atlanta, Georgia before moving to Savannah, Georgia in the early 1900’s. He joined his uncle’s food brokerage business, the Haas-Guthman-Singer Company, and operated its Savannah branch. Aaron married Jennie Schindler in 1894. The couple had three sons: Max (1896-1976), Walter (1903-1972), and Richard (1907-1993). Aaron died in 1967 at the age of 99. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eAaron begins his interview with a few details about himself before reflecting on the changes he has witnessed throughout his time in Savannah, such as population growth in the city’s suburbs. He shares some of his childhood memories, including the Philadelphia Centennial celebration and using a tin-lined bathtub. Aaron then recounts various political events over the course of his lifetime. He shares his perspective of the controversial 1876 election and discusses political leaders such as Ulysses Grant, William McKinley, Tom Watson, and Teddy Roosevelt. Amidst his discussion of these figures, Aaron also recollects events such as the Cleveland Panic, the Spanish-American War, the assassination of James Garfield, and his son Max’s involvement in World War One. He then reflects on the lynching of Jewish Atlantan Leo Frank, who he knew personally, and the overall treatment of Jews in Atlanta during the 1900’s. Aaron shares that he doesn’t believe Jews were treated poorly and cites his uncle, Aaron Haas, being offered the Atlanta mayorship as an example. He then goes into a discussion of racial lynchings in Georgia and his overall impression of racial integration. Another interviewee, possibly Aaron’s son Max Guthman, jumps into the discussion as well and details living conditions for black populations in Savannah. Aaron’s sister, Lena Guthman Fox, and his other son, Walter Guthman, also contribute some of their thoughts throughout the interview. Aaron then shifts to detail his family’s immigration to the United States from Germany and how many early Jewish immigrants adopted the practice of peddling. He spends some time recalling Jewish social and political involvement in various Atlanta and Savannah affairs and speaks a bit about the history of the Savannah Jewish community. Aaron concludes the interview by discussing his knowledge of the slave trade, Abraham Lincoln, and racial tension due to a black bookkeeper that worked in his uncle’s store. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/29080"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Guthman, Aaron (1867-1976) (personal name)","Tilden, Samuel Jones (1814-1886) (personal name)","Hayes, Rutherford B. (1822-1893) (personal name)","Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885) (personal name)","Lee, Robert E. (1807-1870) (personal name)","Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820-1891) (personal name)","Alger, Horatio (1832-1899) (personal name)","Uhry, Alene Fox (1909-2002) (personal name)","McKinley, William (1843-1901) (personal name)","Taft, William Howard (1857-1930) (personal name)","Bryan, William Jennings (1860-1925) (personal name)","Watson, Tom (1856-1922) (personal name)","Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919) (personal name)","Wheeler, Joseph (1836-1906) (personal name)","Garfield, James Abram (1831-1881) (personal name)","Guiteau, Charles Julius (1841-1882) (personal name)","Wilson, Thomas Woodrow (1856-1924) (personal name)","Guthman, Max (1896-1976) (personal name)","Frank, Leo Max (1884-1915) (personal name)","Phagan, Mary (1899-1913) (personal name)","Haas, Aaron (1841-1912) (personal name)","Mims, Livingston (1833-1906) (personal name)","Hurt, Joel (1850-1926) (personal name)","Straus Family (personal name)","Paderewski, Ignancy Jan (1860-1941) (personal name)","Slotin, Morris (1882-1949_ (personal name)","Guthman, Walter (1903-1972) (personal name)","Solomons, Philip (1919-2011) (personal name)","Fox, Lena Guthman (1877-1973) (personal name)","Haas, Edwin (personal name)","Myers, Herman (1847-1909) (personal name)","Rich Family (personal name)","Rich, Richard (1902-1975) (personal name)","Oglethorpe, James (1696-1875) (personal name)","Washington, George (1732-1799) (personal name)","Benjamin, Judah Philip (1811-1884) (personal name)","Saloman, Haym (1740-1785) (personal name)","Morris, Robert (1734-1806) (personal name)","Clark, William (1770-1838) (personal name)","Harte, Bret (1836-1902) (personal name)","Davis, Jefferson F. (1808-1889) (personal name)","Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865) (personal name)","Watterson, Henry (1840-1921) (personal name)","Haas, Isaac (personal name)","Centennial International Exhibition (corporate name)","Democratic Party (corporate name)","Confederate States Army (corporate name)","Populist Party (corporate name)","Rough Riders (corporate name)","Republican Party (corporate name)","National Pencil Company (corporate name)","Georgia State University (corporate name)","Savannah State University (corporate name)","University System of Georgia (corporate name)","Haas and Howell (corporate name)","East Lake Golf Club (corporate name)","Capital City Club (corporate name)","Temple Mickve Israel (corporate name)","Fortune Magazine (corporate name)","Clark University (corporate name)","Spelman College (corporate name)","Louisiana State University (corporate name)","Dun \u0026amp; Bradstreet Corporation (corporate name)","Underground Railroad (corporate name)","Union Army (corporate name)","DeSoto Hotel (corporate name)","Colonial Park Cemetery (corporate name)","Union Station (corporate name)","Crew Street School (corporate name)","Louisville Courier-Journal (corporate name)","Western Union Company (corporate name)","Otranto (corporate name)","Savannah, Georgia (geographic term)","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Nashville, Tennessee (geographic term)","New York (geographic term)","Washington D.C. (geographic term)","Georgia (geographic term)","Florida (geographic term)","South Carolina (geographic term)","Louisiana (geographic term)","Miami, Florida (geographic term)","Jacksonville, Florida (geographic term)","Elberon, New Jersey (geographic term)","Tybee Island, Georgia (geographic term)","Irish Sea (geographic term)","Marietta, Georgia (geographic term)","Statesboro, Georgia (geographic term)","Thunderbolt, Georgia (geographic term)","Newnan, Georgia (geographic term)","Germany (geographic term)","Kingdom of Prussia (geographic term)","Talbotton, Georgia (geographic term)","Columbus, Georgia (geographic term)","Florida (geographic term)","Poland (geographic term)","Newport, Rhode Island (geographic term)","Baton Rouge, Louisiana (geographic term)","Russia (geographic term)","Romania (geographic term)","Nassau, Bahamas (geographic term)","England (geographic term)","Charleston, South Carolina (geographic term)","Louisville, Georgia (geographic term)","Sarsaparilla (topical term)","Panic of 1893 (topical term)","Spanish-American War (topical term)","Battle of San Juan Hill (topical term)","World War I (topical term)","Yankee (topical term)","Atlanta Race Riots (topical term)","American Civil War (topical term)","Peddling (topical term)","Polack (topical term)","American Revolutionary War (topical term)","Gentile (topical term)","Reform Judaism (topical term)","Orthodox Judaism (topical term)","Sephardic Jews (topical term)","Ashkenazi Jews (topical term)","Bison Hunting (topical term)","Mulatto (topical term)","Labor Unions (topical term)","New Year's Eve (topical term)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAaron Gutman was interviewed by Dr. Alfred Messer on April 4th, 1964 in Savannah, Georgia.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAaron Guthman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1867 to German immigrants Istor and Helena Guthman. As a child, Aaron lived in Atlanta, Georgia before moving to Savannah, Georgia in the early 1900\u0026rsquo;s. He joined his uncle\u0026rsquo;s food brokerage business, the Haas-Guthman-Singer Company, and operated its Savannah branch. Aaron married Jennie Schindler in 1894. The couple had three sons: Max (1896-1976), Walter (1903-1972), and Richard (1907-1993). Aaron died in 1967 at the age of 99.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAaron begins his interview with a few details about himself before reflecting on the changes he has witnessed throughout his time in Savannah, such as population growth in the city\u0026rsquo;s suburbs. He shares some of his childhood memories, including the Philadelphia Centennial celebration and using a tin-lined bathtub. Aaron then recounts various political events over the course of his lifetime. He shares his perspective of the controversial 1876 election and discusses political leaders such as Ulysses Grant, William McKinley, Tom Watson, and Teddy Roosevelt. Amidst his discussion of these figures, Aaron also recollects events such as the Cleveland Panic, the Spanish-American War, the assassination of James Garfield, and his son Max\u0026rsquo;s involvement in World War One. He then reflects on the lynching of Jewish Atlantan Leo Frank, who he knew personally, and the overall treatment of Jews in Atlanta during the 1900\u0026rsquo;s. Aaron shares that he doesn\u0026rsquo;t believe Jews were treated poorly and cites his uncle, Aaron Haas, being offered the Atlanta mayorship as an example. He then goes into a discussion of racial lynchings in Georgia and his overall impression of racial integration. Another interviewee, possibly Aaron\u0026rsquo;s son Max Guthman, jumps into the discussion as well and details living conditions for black populations in Savannah. Aaron\u0026rsquo;s sister, Lena Guthman Fox, and his other son, Walter Guthman, also contribute some of their thoughts throughout the interview. Aaron then shifts to detail his family\u0026rsquo;s immigration to the United States from Germany and how many early Jewish immigrants adopted the practice of peddling. He spends some time recalling Jewish social and political involvement in various Atlanta and Savannah affairs and speaks a bit about the history of the Savannah Jewish community. Aaron concludes the interview by discussing his knowledge of the slave trade, Abraham Lincoln, and racial tension due to a black bookkeeper that worked in his uncle\u0026rsquo;s store.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Guthman_Aaron.mp3"]},"duration":3528.25469,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/184/075/original/Guthman_Aaron.mp3?1680554899","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":3528.25469,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Guthman, Aaron [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MESSER: You came here [Savannah, Georgia] when?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I came here in the fall of 1900.\n\nMESSER: Is that right? You came here in 1900 from Philadelphia [Pennsylvania]?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, from Atlanta [Georgia].\n\nMESSER: From Atlanta. What did you say . . . where did Philadelphia come into this?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I was born there.\n\nMESSER: You were born there. How long ago?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Ninety-six and a half years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ago.\n\nMESSER: Is that right?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nMESSER: Ninety-six. When is your birthday?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: August. I'll be 97 if I arrive there.\n\nMESSER: Ninety-seven. What do you think about . . . what do you think about\nchanges you've seen here in this time, Uncle Aaron?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: In this town?\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Not much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changes in the city, but all of the changes have been on\nthe outskirts, suburbs. This town is surrounded by a whole lot of little\ntownships that got charters. As far as population is concerned, Savannah can't\ngrow much.\n\nMESSER: Why not?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: On account of having so many townships right on . . . it's run\naround with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"municipalities that won't give them up on account of taxes.\n\nMESSER: How many people are there here now?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I don't know exactly. I don't think there's over 125,000 in the city proper.\n\nMESSER: How many were here when you came?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I guess about 100, 000.\n\nMESSER: One hundred thousand.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It hasn't grown. The city itself, to me, isn't as good as when I\ncame ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here.\n\nMESSER: You keep up with political change too, don't you, on the radio?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: And newspapers. Yes.\n\nMESSER: What's the first memory you have?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: The first that I can remember distinctly, is when my grandfather and\nolder brother, who died when he was 26 years old, went to the Centennial, I\nthink, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 19 . . . 1876.\n\nMESSER: What Centennial was that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: The Centennial held in Philadelphia. The hundredth anniversary of\nour liberation.\n\nMESSER: That's the first memory you have?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It's the first, what I say, of any importance.\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: But I remember little things when I was a little boy. Little things.\n\nMESSER: What do you remember?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, the chewing gum, you couldn't buy in little pieces. It\nwas a nickel a box. It was made in Nashville [Tennessee], and it had a\nsarsaparilla flavor. It was very hard. You used to cut off a little piece at a\ntime. Our servant used to chew it up for me because I couldn't chew it, it was\nso hard. When she chewed it up good, then I'd take it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on.\n\n[visitor interrupts, then interview resumes]\n\nGUTHMAN: That's about the first thing I remember . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . you remember when Atlanta didn't have any paved streets,\ndon't you?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Really?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. And hardly any sidewalks.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: And a tin-lined bathtub if you want to mention that.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I can remember when they used to wash me in a tin, oval-shaped\nbathtub that you couldn't . . . galvanized iron or tin.\n\nMESSER: We're going to do this in sequence, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though. We want to go back to\nPhiladelphia for a minute. When I say the centennial, you remember the centennial?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I remember the time of the centennial.\n\nMESSER: You remember the time.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I'll tell you why.\n\nMESSER: Why do you remember that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That was the time that Tilden got beat out of the nomination.\n\nMESSER: Who did?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Tilden. He was Governor of New York and was elected by the\nDemocratic Party, or by the people, as President, the electors, when they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"met,\nmaybe in Washington [D.C.] . . .\n\n[visitors interrupt, then the interview resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Some of the elected electors were elected from Georgia. Not from\nGeorgia, but from Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana. They chipped off two\nor three of them from the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voting for Tilden . . . voting for [Rutherford B.]\nHayes. It was really a . . .\n\nMESSER: You remember that election then?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. Oh, yes.\n\nMESSER: Hayes . . . this was quite a thing, wasn't it? They didn't . . . they\nweren't sure for quite a time who got elected to that one.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They were after the electors. They couldn't do anything about it.\nThe electors, whether the states went Democratic or not, and they all did go\nsolidly. Somehow ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or other they got one or two votes from Louisiana, one or two\nfrom South Carolina, and one or two from Florida that voted against their . . .\n\nMESSER: Wait a minute. That election changed . . . after that they changed . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . No, they never did. They could do the same thing over again if\n. . .\n\nMESSER: There was something funny following that election, wasn't there? Some\nkind of a . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes. There was a great deal of . . . I think if the South was\nable, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they'd have gone to war again.\n\nMESSER: After that one?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes, after that episode. But they . . .\n\nMESSER: This is 18 . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . 1876.\n\nMESSER: 1876. You were then how old?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Nine.\n\nMESSER: You were nine years old.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: General [Ulysses S.] Grant had just gone out office.\n\nMESSER: Where were you then?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: In Atlanta.\n\nMESSER: You were in Atlanta?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. I was one year old when General Grant was first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elected\nPresident. He was a great general. He had the troops and the war material. The\nConfederates didn't have anything at the end of the war. They had to give in. He\nwas magnanimous in his accepting the surrender of General [Robert E.] Lee. I\nalways liked General . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the memory of General Grant for that reason.\n\nMESSER: He was very magnanimous . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . but as a President, he was a poor one.\n\nMESSER: He was a general, not a president.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. He drank a lot.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember . . . well, you must have seen what [William Tecumseh]\nSherman did to the area, from Atlanta to . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, I didn't see it.\n\nMESSER: When I say see it, didn't you see . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . I didn't see any of the results because the country ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"began to\nbuild up. The South was thoroughly broken on its back, and the people that had\nanything were those that had property. I don't know how much Sherman destroyed\nit all, but he left it pretty bare.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember the stories of the Indian fighting in the 1880's? Did\nyou hear those stories?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I used to read them in books. I lived on them. Lived on ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those kind\nof stories. I read all those Indian stories I could lay my hands on.\n\nMESSER: As a kid, those are the stories you read?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nMESSER: What other stories did you read as a child?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I used to read, this fellow, \"rags to riches\", who was the author of\nall those books . . .\n\nMESSER: Horatio Alger?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Horatio Alger. He was my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"favorite.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: [indistinct: 8.31]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Later on, I liked the French novels. They were sort of immoral, but\nthey were well written, mostly.\n\nMESSER: Alene is smiling about that.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They weren't as bad as South Pacific.\n\nMESSER: What do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember about the 1890's?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Panic.\n\nMESSER: The panic.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I remember that well.\n\nMESSER: What do you remember about it?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Because we went clean broke in that year.\n\nMESSER: You did?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nMESSER: What were you doing?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I was working . . . I was in the twenties . . . working with my\nuncle in the brokerage business and food. Brokerage business. He went broke ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too.\n\nMESSER: This was what? The panic . . . what year was it?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: We called it the Cleveland Panic.\n\nMESSER: Why? Because he was the president at the time?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He was the president, and he formed the Democrats. They are yet, low\ntariff people. No tariff. I was a Democrat up until about 1900. I was glad when\n[William] McKinley was elected. Although I couldn't vote against the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Democratic\nticket, I was glad he was elected. I was glad when [William Howard] Taft was\nelected too.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember William Jennings Bryan?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes. That's the reason I liked McKinley.\n\nMESSER: What about, you know, this was the time of the Populists.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He was a surprise candidate. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a delegate to the convention. He\nwas such a fine speaker. It was a kind of a locked . . . locked convention, and\nfinally they all went to Bryan. He was only a fine speaker. He was a newspaper\nreporter to start with.\n\nMESSER: You remember Tom Watson at that point?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes.\n\nMESSER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You remember him in his good days?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He was a . . . he was one of the principal Populists, they called\nthem then. Yes, he was pretty strong.\n\nMESSER: You know then of course . . . do you remember the Spanish-American War?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes.\n\nMESSER: What do you remember about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: All of it.\n\nMESSER: All of it?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was married and had two children at that time. They didn't need\nanybody for that war, I mean, not much. After I came to Savannah and spoke to .\n. . Savannah was a great military town. Every young fellow that was able joined\nthe military. I used to hear some of the fellows talk. They used to say they got\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"corns. They went to have fun in Miami [Florida] and Jacksonville [Florida], and\nthey got corns from dancing all night.\n\nMESSER: Did Teddy Roosevelt make much of an impression on you?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No. He got, you know, he got a big reputation of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being the hero of\nSan Juan Hill battle. He was, in fact, come might near being the goat. He was on\nhis way down . . . his regiment was on the way down, badly beaten from all those\nSpanish guns. They couldn't stand it, when an old Confederate general named\n[Joseph] Wheeler came along and rallied ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Rough Riders and got them started again. He really won the\nvictory, which Roosevelt got credit for, which led to his being the\nvice-presidential nominee in the election, and afterwards president. He made a\ngood president.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember New Year's Eve, 1900?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I don't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember that particularly.\n\nMESSER: This was the turn of the century. Anything special about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No. We never celebrated anything in those days like they do now.\n\nMESSER: You went from the 1800's into the 1900's. Nothing particular about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No. As far as I know, it wasn't any particular event.\n\nMESSER: What was the mood? What ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mood were you in? What mood was the country in\nat the turn of the century? Do you have any feeling about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It was all Democratic down here. Worse now. Although the Republicans\nare trying to get up a party, which they can't do under circumstances now. Labor\nunions all Democratic because they really run the country. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The darkies will all\nbe 100% Democratic. The teenagers arriving at voting age will be Democratic. The\nconservative Republicans are greatly in the minority. That's what I belong to\nnow. Although, I haven't voted for several elections in years.\n\nMESSER: Do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember McKinley's assassination?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nMESSER: Did any . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . I remember [James] Garfield's assassination. That was . . .\nabout 18 . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . 1887.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: 1880 or something like that.\n\nMESSER: 1887. Remember the guy's name who did it?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: [Charles] Guiteau.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember how Garfield lingered on?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes. They took him to Elberon, New Jersey. He was shot in the\npassenger depot in Washington.\n\nMESSER: So you remember McKinley's assassination?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. I had a paper on McKinley, but it got lost. I saved it a long\ntime. I wanted to give it to my grandson in Atlanta. Looked for it and couldn't\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"find it anymore. I had put it away so good.\n\nMESSER: What about the period from 1910 to 1914? What do you remember about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: 1910 to 1914?\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It was hard times just getting over. I lived down here then.\n\nMESSER: Where? In Savannah?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: In Savannah, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yes.\n\nMESSER: Then World War I. What do you remember about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That was the war that [Woodrow] Wilson was going to prevent.\n\nMESSER: Did you vote for Wilson?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I did the first time, but the second time I didn't vote. I didn't\nlike him.\n\nMESSER: Did it bother you when we got into the first ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"war?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. It did because Max was a soldier . . . that you just met here.\nHe was about 18, 19 years old.\n\nMESSER: Was he in the war?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes, but he wasn't sent across. Fortunately, the company he was in\nwas in training down at Tybee. His company wanted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"across, but the top sergeant,\nwho was asked to, for so many sergeants and so many corporals and so many\nenlisted men, he kept who really ran the company. He kept Max in training camp\nbecause Max kept the books. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saved him a good deal of trouble. Max had gone to .\n. . well, he learned a little stenography and bookkeeping. A little of that\nsort. He saved the sergeant a good deal of work, so he kept all . . . to finish\nup. All of that company that went across was on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Otranto to . . . that had\na collision in the Irish Sea. Got torpedoed out of the wake, and they all died.\nAll those that went across. The whole company.\n\nMESSER: Is that right?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. The whole company.\n\nMESSER: Is that right. You know, in 1914 or so, 1915, they had the Frank\nbusiness here. You remember that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Sure.\n\nMESSER: What do you remember about that?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All about it, because I'll tell you why. He worked for my\nbrother-in-law at the Pencil Company. Also, his wife was the cousin of my wife.\nWe were down in Savannah when that trial took place. When we went up to visit\nAtlanta, I went to jail to see him. I talked to him through the bars. He stood\nup to the bars, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I talked to him about it. That fellow wasn't guilty.\n\nMESSER: Why did it happen, Uncle Aaron?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He stayed too late in the factory.\n\nMESSER: No, no.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: What happened?\n\nMESSER: Why . . . it's pretty clear he was not guilty. But why did they . . .\nwhy did they credit him?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They always, even today, and in those days, it was worse, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was\nalways a blatant bigotry against the Jews. The Jews rarely got into trouble.\nWhenever they could get one that was in trouble, they never let up on him.\n\nMESSER: But you know, most of the time, there are underlying social causes for\nthis kind of thing. I mean, why should . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: This ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"girl [Mary Phagan] was a country girl from Marietta [Georgia], and she worked\nin the pencil factory. Frank was in the factory.\n\nMESSER: No, I know the story. I read all the books on that. I know the report.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: In case you forgot.\n\nMESSER: In your memory, what socially . . . you know, most of the time, there\nare social ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"events that this thing screens. Or there is some turmoil that they .\n. .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . there wasn't anything of that sort except bigotry against the\nJews. That's the only thing that . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . what about the fact that he was a Yankee? Did that make any difference?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, that made no difference.\n\nMESSER: Did the Jews have a tough time here in the 1900's? In the early 1900's?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, not here.\n\nMESSER: In Georgia.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No.\n\nMESSER: In Atlanta?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No. Some of them got rich ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. That was early . . . No, there\nwasn't much of that. My uncle Aaron Haas was offered the mayorship. The mayor .\n. . the mayor-elect . . . I mean the candidate for mayor on the opposition, he\nwas ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always on one side or the other, came with his friends down to the office. I\nwas working for him at that time, but he was supporting the rival of the fellow\nthat was willing to come out of the race. My uncle would take it, they would\nsupport him, and it would be almost a unanimous election. He had given his word\nto the man he supported, and I was in the office when he told ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. He said, \"My\nword's out. I'm for Mr. Mims.\" He . . . Mims was elected and made a poor\nmayor, I remember. Man running against him was one of the big men of the town\nnamed Joel Hurt.\n\nMESSER: Weren't there race riots here in the 1900's?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Race riots?\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No.\n\nMESSER: There were some in Atlanta.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They were . . . no, there ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weren't. There were lynchings. Now and\nthen, there was a lynching.\n\nMESSER: In Savannah, there wasn't any of this?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes, there was.\n\nMESSER: There were?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: There was a case up in Statesboro [Georgia] when there was a darkie\nin jail. Committed rape.\n\nMESSER: How long ago . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was in the early . . . just about a year or two after I came\nhere, about 1901 or 1902. The governor sent a company from here to protect him.\nThey always protect the prisoner against a mob, whether he was white or black.\nThe captain of this company that went up, when the mob ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came . . . they wanted to\nlynch this fellow. When they . . . he recognized among the mob a great many of\nhis friends, and he didn't resist them. He let them take the prisoner, and they\nlynched him. He was tried and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dishonorably discharged from the state militia.\nThere was a big to-do about that. A lot of people thought he ought to have shot\ninto the mob, but many people agreed with him. It was a tough decision on him.\nHis name was Hitch. He was afterwards elected mayor. He had gotten his\ncitizenship ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back 10 or 15 years later and was afterwards elected mayor. He was a\ngood man, but he just . . . he didn't . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . he didn't follow his . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . he didn't follow military regulations. His first lieutenant\nsaid if he'd been in command of the company, he said he wouldn't have given a\nhoot who was in the mob, friends or not. He said he'd have fired in at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. It\nwas a tough decision on this man.\n\nMESSER: You've followed this whole business with integration now for a long\ntime, haven't you?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nMESSER: What do you think about it?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I wouldn't mind the integration if it wasn't for the fact that they\nwant property rights. In other words, they got a right to go into a restaurant,\nand if they're not waited on, lay down on the floor, sit in a chair. In old\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"times, they'd be tossed out the door, but they can't do that now.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I don't think there's a law yet.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: You couldn't do it anyhow. The preponderance of opinion is in the\nfavor of those people up North that are so in favor of integration, don't know\nwhat the darkies are down here and how they live. It's not so much the color ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as\nit is their . . .\n\nMESSER: Their living conditions.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Not the living conditions, just the way they keep their bodies. They\ngot the smell of the jungle.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: It's a health hazard and an educational problem in this part of\nthe country. Although, we have negro schools here every bit as good ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as white\nschools today, physically, and educationally. The teachers are well qualified.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They got a college on the edge of town in one of those little\ntownships. This all-negro college is . . . it's a fine college.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There's one out at Thunderbolt called Georgia State [Savannah\nState]. It would be a credit to any community or state.\n\nMESSER: It's a negro school?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all negro. It's a part of the University of Georgia system.\nThose negros, if you drive out there, they're clean, well clothed, educated.\nExcept for the color of their skin, they'd probably could go for whites in every\nother way.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I'd say half, I just guess this roughly, half of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the negros . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I think we've got 42% blacks here.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Half of them, you might say, are well acquainted with a cake of\ntoilet soap.\n\nMESSER: Yes, but it's a kind of a vicious circle, isn't it? They have no\neducation. They're deprived of the opportunity.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: In recent years, they're earning much better wages, which means\ntheir standard of living is changing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"considerably. You used to go in a grocery\nstore, and you could almost know what items the negroes would buy. We call them\nstaples, like hominy grits and rice and lard and bacon and things like that.\nToday, you go in a supermarket, and they'll buy almost the same things as the\nwhite ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people because they can afford it, and they want to taste some of the\nthings they've never had before. There's no such thing as negro trade here anymore.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember slavery, Uncle Aaron?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Slavery? No, lord no. I was born two years after the war was over,\nthe Civil War was over.\n\nMESSER: Yes, but there was no hang over of that to your memory?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: At that time, when I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little boy, I remember, and even as a\nyoung man, when I was a bookkeeper in Atlanta, there was a good relationship\nbetween the whites and the blacks. The darkies were mostly all Republicans in\nthose days. They got, under Republican administrations, they got a good many\ngood jobs. For instance, when I went . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . maybe you'd like to have this? We don't need it, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think\nit would be some things of interest to you. I found it in that pamphlet, a\nbrochure that Haas and Howell put out on their 75th anniversary. Goes back to\nolden days in Atlanta. See that first page 18 . . .\n\n[interview pauses, then resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: My father married in this country. Newnan [Georgia]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newnan was a\nbig town. My grandfather moved from Atlanta to Newnan in 1800 . . . high\nForties, so his children could go to school. He had three then of school age.\nThere wasn't a school in Atlanta. They had more pine trees.\n\nMESSER: They came over here from Germany. Your grandfather came over here in the\n1840's . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . my father and mother too. Of course, my mother was a little\ngirl and my father was a young man.\n\nMESSER: So, they came here in the 1840's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . No, they came here . . . my mother came along with her father.\nI think something about 1840 or something like that.\n\nMESSER: There was a big migration from Germany in 1840 . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes.\n\nMESSER: Why did your father come here, or his grandfather, do you know why?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I'll tell you why. Germany was not a confederation at first, or an\nempire, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the Kingdom of Prussia overpowered all those little duchys. I\nremember my grandfather hated the Prussians as much as he hated the Frenchmen.\nThey used to . . . they had no rights or anything. They were all poor. The only\nchance they had was to emigrate.\n\nMESSER: Do you know then, there were a lot of people who came around then. A lot\nof German-Jews came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over here at that time.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, yes. They all went to peddling. For later on, there was . . .\n\nMESSER: What are some of the names that you remember? Do you know the Straus's?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I don't remember, but I remember the name. They came from Georgia,\nthe Straus's. Talbotton, Georgia. A little town near Columbus [Georgia].\n\nMESSER: Does the name Paderewski mean anything to you?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He was a Polack. I didn't know anything about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him, except he was a\nmusician that got to be . . .\n\nMESSER: Does the name . . . did you know the Paderewski's here in Savannah? Does\nthat name mean anything to you?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Oh, the Paderewski's you're talking about, that's a different kind\nof a Paderewski. He got to be the . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I don't know if they were Poles or Russians, the Paderewski's.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I think they were Russian.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: They were the only ones I know of that had a tailor shop on West\nBroad Street. There's a doctor . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . is that tailor shop still in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"operation?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I don't know.\n\n[phone rings, interview stops, then resumes]\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There's a dentist. Do you know if Paderewski is a dentist?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He's a dentist.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I know him. That's a younger generation.\n\nMESSER: Did you know the grandfather Paderewski, the tailor? The man who started\nthe tailoring business.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No.\n\nMESSER: He was a peddler.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I don't know, but I . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I think Morris Slotin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a peddler once, wasn't he?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. No, Morris Slotin's father.\n\nFOX: They had a bakery.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: He's dead. No, Slotin never had a bakery.\n\nFOX: Oh, Slotin. I thought you said . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Slotin, Morris Slotin's father was a peddler. My grandfather was a\npeddler. They were all peddlers.\n\nFOX: Everybody was.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There is a tailor shop on West Broad Street running ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under the name\nof Paderewski, but it may just be a name only because the only Paderewski in\nthis book is a dentist. So he couldn't be in the tailoring business.\n\nMESSER: You don't remember the . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . I think that Paderewski . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I just remember the location . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . they used to run the national tailors.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Why did you pick out that name?\n\nMESSER: Because I met a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"man in Florida, Mr. Pader, whose . . . this was his\ngrandfather. He told me all about this man peddling around. He was . . .\n\nW. GUTHMAN: . . . probably the same crowd.\n\nMESSER: What's that?\n\nW. GUTHMAN: Probably the same bunch.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: He said he was related to him?\n\nMESSER: Yes. I was just curious whether or not you . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . this young dentist would probably be a grandson of the one\nwho started the tailoring business, so the dentist must be . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . his father or his uncle.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . fifties, 40's or 50's. Don't he live near you, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Walter?\n\nW. GUTHMAN: Not too far from me.\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: He lives out there by about one block from Philip Solomons.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: He is related to the pianist.\n\nMESSER: Yes. Paderewski, the pianist, as you probably know, many Jewish families\nin Poland would give their children into convents to give them an opportunity.\nThis is how . . . but these . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's how they became Catholics and that's\nhow they got ahead. The musician was related to this family here . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . he was?\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: In fact, when he came in . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . that's right. He was here in 1928 or 1926. They had dinner. They\nhad some kind of a little family . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . Paderewski was an international figure, the pianist. He\nafterwards got to be the head man in Poland.\n\nMESSER: What about this. You know, we've been talking with Ms. Lena and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"others.\nWhat about being a Jew in Georgia? Is that a problem or not?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It don't show, but there's more or less prejudice. You can't deny it.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: In the cities . . . so much in the interior . . . whole towns,\neven socially the Jews mix in a lot of these small towns. But when you come to\nthe cities, the largest ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cities, there is. There's not as much here as there is\nin Atlanta, I don't think. Tell him about Edwin Haas, and that East Lake Country\nClub incident.\n\nFOX: You tell him. I've forgotten it.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He was my first cousin, Doctor. He was a charter member. As a young\nman . . .\n\nFOX: . . . he was a brother of Lenard.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . Papa works for his father, who is Aaron. Aaron Haas of Haas\nand Dodd.\n\nMESSER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You worked for him?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. My uncle was the most popular man in Atlanta. Being a Jew, I\ndon't think made any difference for the respect that people had for him.\n\nMESSER: Edwin Haas was . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . Edwin Haas was his son.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . has his name right here in this book.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: His grandfather, who was also mine, was very religious. But this\nyoung fella, he probably wasn't religious. He had Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pride. He was the only\nJew asked to start with the East Lake Country Club. That's the swell . . .\n\nFOX: . . . not now, it's not swell.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They opened a city club called the Atlanta . . .\n\n[interview pauses, then resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . he noticed that at every meeting, Jews names posed for the\nelection were blackballed, regardless of their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"standing. Just so they knew he\nwas a Jew, and they'd get blackballed. He resigned. The committee came to call\non him, asking why he resigned. He told them. He said, \"If I wasn't a member,\nand I'd start now to want to belong, I'd be blackballed.\" He said, \"So I don't\nwant to belong.\" They never persisted. They didn't entreat him to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stay.\n\nFOX: It's too embarrassing [indistinct: 38.34].\n\nMESSER: What?\n\nFOX: They don't want to rub up against us at [indistinct: 38.38]. I mean at that club.\n\nMESSER: I thought . . . who was it that founded the Capital City Club?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Wasn't it Alex Andrew?\n\nFOX: [indistinct: 38.48] Did Harry Alexander have anything to do with the\nfounding of the Capital City Club?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I don't know. I don't think so.\n\nMESSER: In the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1880's and the 1890's, Uncle Aaron, Jews were aldermen and all\nthat kind of thing in Atlanta, were they not?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. Yes, they were.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There was the first Jew mayor here.\n\nMESSER: Say what?\n\nFOX: Myer.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes, we had a Jewish mayor here for years who . . .\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: His name was Leroy . . . Herman Myers.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Herman Myers was . . .\n\nMESSER: . . . was the mayor of Atlanta?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, here.\n\nMESSER: In ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Some of his family were part of the Rich family in Atlanta.\n\nFOX: Richard Rich.\n\nMESSER: But the Jews in Savannah had a better time of it than the Jews in Atlanta.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yeah.\n\nMESSER: Because here they don't . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I don't think so. The Jews in Atlanta that started on a firm\nfoundation got somewhere. All those that started here . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all those that\ndidn't move to New York failed because they didn't keep up with the . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . but the Jews here were better represented in civic life than\nthose in Atlanta.\n\nMESSER: Here.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes. Much better.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Didn't the original Jewish settlement here?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Not now.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Oh, yes. The Jews came over with [James] Oglethorpe. This city was\n200 years old in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1933. Our synagogue is almost as old as the city itself.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: This synagogue . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I think Newport [Rhode Island] claims to have . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . it has . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . the oldest synagogue and Savannah ranks second.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That's right.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: They've got a charter that Oglethorpe brought over. I mean, the\nJews that came with Oglethorpe brought it over with them.\n\nFOX: You got it here?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The synagogue has the original charter.\n\nFOX: They've got a letter from George Washington too, I think, here.\n\nMESSER: What about . . . do you remember Judah Benjamin?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Remember the name. He was war secretary, Secretary of War for the\nConfederacy. That's all I remember about him.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Is that right?\n\nMESSER: Yes, he was secretary . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . what was the name of that Jew that helped finance Washington?\n\nMESSER: That's Haym ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Salomon.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: And Salomon and another one . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . that's the one I was thinking of.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That family went broke on account of the Revolution and never picked\nup. I read that in Fortune magazine about 15 years ago, and there was another\none named Morris, I believe, from New York. This country's never paid them back\nfor the money. Helped ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Washington.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Don't know if there's any family left to even . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Must be some heirs.\n\nMESSER: Now the Solomon's that we're going to . . . Lena is . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No kin.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: How is that the same?\n\nMESSER: How is that the same?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That's Solomon. We're talking about the revolutionary . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . S-A-L-O-M-O-N.\n\nFOX: Oh, Salomon. That's right. Salomon.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: The one you're talking about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here has got an S on it and two O's\nand no A's.\n\nMESSER: I see.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: They're more the English Jews, all of them.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: They're in the wholesale drug business here that goes back to\n1845. That's pretty old for one concern to be in business. That's nearly 120 years.\n\nMESSER: Who? Solomon's?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes. Here.\n\nMESSER: Here?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes.\n\nMESSER: In Savannah?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes. For 120 years next ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Now, is the fact that the Jewish community in Savannah is such an\nold Jewish community?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I didn't hear you.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I was wondering if the fact that the Jewish community in Savannah\nwas such an old Jewish community. After all they came, as you said, with\nOglethorpe. Did this not make things easier for them socially, as far as\ngentiles were concerned?\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: There's been a few families here that tried to buy their way into\nsociety, but you can't do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that.\n\nFOX: How does one do it?\n\nMESSER: What?\n\nFOX: I don't know why . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I didn't mean society necessarily. I just meant, you know .\n. .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: . . . it's just the way the darkies went over to white restaurants.\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I think there's always been some Jewish men here that have stood\nvery high in the business world.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Doctor, there's universities, two of them in Atlanta, that were\nbuilt 25 years before there was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"college in Atlanta. That's the Clark\nUniversity and the Spelman University.\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Both of them were standard order officials. Those colleges, you go\nout there, those colleges [indistinct] community of darkies there. They are\nreally representative. They're the kind of darkies that nobody could object to.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children would mix. My niece has a party . . . a little boy is\nfour years old today and they got a . . .\n\nFOX: . . . tomorrow.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: The party is out there this afternoon, and I was out there a while\nago. They had some Christian or gentile children. That'll continue up until the\ntime that they are either in high school or go off to college. That's where ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the\nbarrier, or the prejudice, comes in. We've got neighbors across the street.\nThey've got one child, and he's now at LSU [Louisiana State University] down in\nBaton Rouge [Louisiana], but he went to a private school here. The Christian\ngirls and boys would invite him to their parties, but when he comes back from\ncollege, that's all out.\n\nMESSER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this is not . . . but this is now, you're talking about social class\nin general. I don't think this has so much to do with the Jews as it does with a\nsocial class thing in general. For instance, in New York, where I'm familiar\nwith it, if you belong to a social class, you're invited. Doesn't make that much\ndifference whether it's Jewishness or not. I mean, I don't know.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: It's a little different.\n\nMESSER: Yes, but I don't know. Let me ask you if I can. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Within the Jewish\ncommunity itself, are there . . . is there a social class structure? Within the\nJewish community?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes. There is in most every community. It's worse in Atlanta than\nit is here. In Atlanta, they look you up in Dun \u0026 Bradstreet. I mean, they go by\nyour bank rating, so to speak. More there than they will here.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then resumes]\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There's some prejudice here among Reform and Orthodox Jews. I\nthink that exists in other places too. Not as much now as it used ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In some\ncommunities where there's a group of friends, say they play cards together or\nthey do this together, most of them are in a certain financial strata or range.\nHere it isn't as much that way as in a larger city. I used to . . . I have been\nplaying cards with a group here on Saturday night for many years. One of the\ncouples was the daughter of the Rich that founded that big store in Atlanta. She\nmarried a local boy. Right in the same group of five or six couples, there were\nsome that were really poor. Really poor, but they were all good friends. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't\nthink you'd find that in Atlanta or in a large city because one could entertain\nand spend money and buy clothes and do this and do that. The others couldn't\nkeep up.\n\nMESSER: Yes, but does the length of time your family has been in this area have\nanything to do with it?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I don't think it does today, but it did. It did because, as I\nsaid, there was prejudice between ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orthodox, some of the Orthodox Jews, and the\nold Reform Jews. Some of them were brought up to think they were better than\nthose that came over from Russia or Romania.\n\nMESSER: You mean the Sephardic versus the Ashkenazi?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Yes, but the new generation, that's a thing of the past.\n\nMESSER: Let me ask Uncle Aaron something more about this. Did you used to hear\nstories about the slaves, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Underground Railroad, and things like that? Do you\nremember stories about the Underground Railway?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember stories about the plantations?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I used to like to read stories of out West between the buffalo\nhunters and the Indians and between ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the settlers and the rustlers. My favorite\nauthor was a captain. What was his name? I think it was Clark that wrote all\nthose stories. I used to like Bret Harte's. I think the plantations were down\nthis way more than in the northern part of the state.\n\nMESSER: Yes.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Uncle ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aaron, tell him about your uncle who was a blockade runner.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That's Edwin Haas's father? Originally, he was . . . his\nheadquarters were in Nassau [Bahamas]. He used to get supplies from England and\nrun them in ships to Savannah and Charleston [South Carolina] and from there\nthey distributed. That played ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out on account of the federal army getting\npossession of both Charleston and Savannah. So, my uncle, Aaron Haas, used to\nforage behind the Union lines, hunting for something to eat for the soldiers. He\ngot in a good many awkward ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"positions. We used to sell flour. In fact, we got\nstuck a good deal by him too. He was a baker for the Confederate Army. He told\nme that he used to grind up wormy corn. He saw the worms in the meal, but there\nwasn't enough of that. He used to grind up acorns, that is the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oak acorns, and\ngrind them up and mix them with the meal so they'd stretch further. The soldiers\nwere fed that stuff.\n\nMESSER: Ms. Lena is turning up her nose.\n\nW. GUTHMAN: When y'all drive back to Atlanta, there's a little town halfway\nbetween here and Atlanta. Louieville, Georgia, or Louisville. They got the slave\nhuts in the street.\n\nMESSER: Did we drive through there?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: No. We didn't drive through there.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's where the slave market is.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: It's a market, but it's just a reconstructed one.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There's a square right by the DeSoto Hotel. This is South, going\nthis direction. It belongs to a church now, but that was General Sherman's headquarters.\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: If you want to see something, you ought to see the colonial\ncemetery. Now going to . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, there are graves in there that are not legible anymore.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No. They're made out of . . .\n\n[indistinct group discussion, then interview resumes]\n\nA. GUTHMAN: You can see where sir this and lady that were buried.\n\nW. GUTHMAN: There's the old Jewish cemetery where the Union Station was. There's\nsome old Jewish graves over there.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I've been in it.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Where was Oglethorpe buried?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Lena, what school did you teach in Atlanta?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Carter.\n\nFOX: Crew.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Crew?\n\nFOX: Crew Street School.\n\nMESSER: Uncle Aaron, do you remember any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stories about Jefferson Davis?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: I got his signature.\n\nFOX: He's got his signature.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Manny wrote to him for his signature. He wrote it on a card.\n\nMESSER: Do you remember any stories about him?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I know he and his war secretary, Benjamin, were hunted down by ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the\nUnion troops. I don't know how they escaped. Anyhow, the vice president of the\nConfederacy was a Georgia man. He was very much respected by everybody.\n\nMESSER: What about Lincoln? Did you hear any stories about Abraham Lincoln?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I heard a lecture on him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a Louisville editor. In those days to\ncome down here and lecture on Lincoln was . . . took a good deal of bravery you\nmight say. But I forgot his name.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Etheridge?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Etheridge?\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Etheridge was . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: [Henry] Watterson?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Watterson. Watterson was the editor of the Louisville Courier-Journal.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He delivered lectures all through the South on Lincoln. I heard him.\n\nMESSER: Each age is, you know, nowadays we say that we are living in the most\ncrucial age because of the nuclear war, that kind of thing. But if you go back\nin history, doesn't each age say that about its own time? For instance, in the\n1880's, didn't they think that things were pretty ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rough then? Or in the 1890's?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: No, they didn't. No.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: There's so many advances and everything now . . .\n\nA. GUTHMAN: I can remember when we had darkie federal officials. They could have\ntaken white men if they wanted to, but the darkies they selected were\nrepresentative darkies because one of them was the internal revenue collector. I\nhad to go to him the first of every ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"month and make a report what oleo margarine\nwe had sold. It was taxed then.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: My father worked for Aaron Haas in Atlanta. Aaron Haas had a\nbrother here named Isaac Hass. They were in the same line of business, and he\ncame down to Savannah to help Isaac Haas. I think I was four or five years old.\nI don't remember. But I remember the colored bookkeeper they had. Wasn't his\nname ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William?\n\nFOX: William.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: William. Cost him a lot of business too.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Our father told the story more than once that they had customers\nwho wouldn't buy from Mr. Haas because he had a colored bookkeeper. And that's\nover . . .\n\nFOX: That was 19 years ago.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: That's 1901 or 1902.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: That's nearly 60 years ago, so you see, there's been prejudice\nthat we know of that far ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back. Some of that's still . . . well, you couldn't go\nin a store here today and find a negro in a white man's job. You might in a few\nyears from now, but you couldn't do it today. I don't know how come he had to be\nthere. I mean, he probably was the smartest man he could get at that time for\nthe job.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He raised him up from a . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . that was unheard of though.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: But after he got up, he got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to drinking. He used to come in late in\nthe morning.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: He was a mulatto.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes. I had to discharge him.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Nice looking.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: He got in bad company though. He used to come in the morning with\nhis eyes all red. He used to be a delivery boy for the Western Union. Smart\nlittle fellow. Uncle Ike told me how he'd come to hire ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. He couldn't get any\nwhite people, so he sent this boy to bookkeeping and shorthand school . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . I've never been in any kind of store since then and seen a\nnegro working in it.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: But in those days they used to . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . a clerical job for white people.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: The banks all had negros. Bank runners, they called them. They used\nto take drafts around to . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . those were delivery ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boys.\n\nA. GUTHMAN: Yes, they were . . .\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: . . . porters, you might call them. Messenger boys. That was all\nright, but to find one working in an office with white people, that was unknown.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: Where did he learn his bookkeeping and stenography? What school?\n\nA. GUTHMAN: My uncle had him in front in the office. We got that old standing\ndesk yet. He was in front there. When I got there and took charge, I moved him\nfurther ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/transcript/42217/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back.\n\nUNIDENTIFIED: You could walk in and wouldn't be more than five feet away from\nhim through the window.\n\nW. GUTHMAN: I think we've talked enough about this.\n\nMESSER: Uncle Aaron, I have to show you something because . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3510.0,3540.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSavannah is a coastal city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is known for its well-preserved architecture and rich history. It is about a four-hour drive from Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia is the largest city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is known as the birthplace of the United States due to its significance during the American Revolution and is home to historic sites such as Independence Hall and the Liberty Bell. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAtlanta is the capital of the U.S. state of Georgia. It played an important part in both the Civil War and the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. Today it has a bustling arts culture, a number of sports teams, and is home to the busiest airport in the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAaron Guthman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1867. He moved to Atlanta, Georgia and then to Savannah in the early 1900’s where he joined the family food brokerage business and operated the Savannah branch of the Haas-Guthman-Singer Company. The business later became the Haas-Guthman Company. Aaron married Jennie Schindler in 1894 and had three sons: Max (1896-1976), Walter (1903-1972), and Richard (1907-1993). Aaron died in 1967 at the age of 100. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, the first official World's Fair to be held in the United States, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from May 10 to November 10, 1876, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia. The exhibition gave the United States a chance to show off the technological and industrial progress it had made in its first 100 years of existence. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and home to Vanderbilt University. It is known for its country music scene. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSarsaparilla is a tropical plant from the genus Smilax. It became popularized as a soft drink very similar in taste to root beer. It was also used as a home remedy and served in bars. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSamuel Jones Tilden was an American politician who served as the 25th Governor of New York and was the Democratic candidate for president in the disputed 1876 United States presidential election. He played a prominent role in reorganizing the Democratic Party in the post-Civil War era and was instrumental in exposing William “Boss” Tweed as a corrupt leader of the Tammany Hall political machine. Tilden was the loser of one of the most contested elections in United States history. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNew York is a northeastern U.S. state known for New York City, which is one of the major commercial, financial, and cultural centers of the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States. Founded in 1828, it was predominantly built by Martin Van Buren, who assembled politicians in every state behind war hero Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest active political party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is home to the three branches of federal government and also houses a number of national monuments and museums. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States with terrain spanning from coastal beaches to farmland to mountains. It was founded in 1732 as the Province of Georgia, first settled in 1733, and officially made a British royal colony in 1752. It was the last and southernmost of the original Thirteen Colonies to be established. Today, the state is known for its peach production, southern hospitality, and culturally rich cities. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFlorida is the southeasternmost U.S. state, with the Atlantic on one side and the Gulf of Mexico on the other. It has hundreds of miles of beaches.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina is a southeastern U.S. state known for its shoreline of subtropical beaches and marsh like sea islands. In 1712 the Province of South Carolina was formed. One of the original Thirteen Colonies, South Carolina became a royal colony in 1719. Today, the state is known for its role in the Civil War, white beaches, golf, and southern hospitality. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisiana is a southeastern U.S. state on the Gulf of Mexico. Its history includes a melting pot of French, African, American, and French-Canadian cultures, which is reflected in the state’s Creole and Cajun cultures. The largest city, New Orleans, is known for its colonial-era French Quarter, Mardi Gras festival, jazz music, Renaissance-style St. Louis Cathedral, and wartime exhibits at the huge National WWII Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRutherford B. Hayes was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. He oversaw the end of Reconstruction, began the efforts that led to civil service reform, and attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War. Hayes was the beneficiary of one of the most contested elections in United States history. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUlysses S. Grant was an American military officer and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877. As Commanding General, he led the Union Army to victory in the American Civil War in 1865 and thereafter briefly served as U.S. Secretary of War. During his time as President, Grant worked to implement Congressional Reconstruction and to remove the vestiges of slavery.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Confederate States Army (CSA) was the military ground force of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Lee was a Confederate general who led the South's attempt at secession during the Civil War. He challenged Union forces during the war's bloodiest battles, including Antietam and Gettysburg, before surrendering to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, achieving recognition for the crushing campaigns that he led throughout the South. He is most well known for his March to the Sea, which is the name given to his war campaign through Georgia from November 15, 1864 to December 21, 1864. The campaign began with Sherman’s troops leaving the captured city of Atlanta, Georgia and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah. The campaign inflicted significant damage on the South, particularly to industry and infrastructure (per the doctrine of total war), and also to civilian properly.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHoratio Alger Jr. (1832-1899) was an American writer who became famous for writing over 100 books for young working-class males, portraying \"rags to riches\" stories. His characters gain wealth and honor and ultimately realize the “American Dream.” Alger’s stories contributed to the American ideology that anyone could grow rich from hard work. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAlene Fox Uhry was the daughter of Lena Guthman Fox and Alfred Fox. She was born in 1909 in Atlanta, Georgia. She attended Wellesley College in Massachusetts, where she majored in psychology, before marrying Ralph Uhry in 1931. The couple had two children: Dr. Ann Uhry Abrams and Alfred Fox Uhry, a famous playwright. Alene died in 2002 at the age of 93. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Panic of 1893, also known as the Cleveland Panic, was an economic depression in the United States that began in 1893 and ended in 1897. It deeply affected every sector of the economy and produced political upheaval. President Cleveland was largely blamed for the crisis. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam McKinley was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. His leadership as President led to the success of the Republican Party, which dominated politics until the 1930’s. McKinley presided over American victory in the Spanish–American War of 1898; gained control of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Cuba; restored prosperity after a deep depression; rejected the inflationary monetary policy of free silver; and raised protective tariffs to boost American industry and keep wages high.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Howard Taft was the 27th president of the United States and the tenth chief justice of the United States, the only person to have held both offices.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jennings Bryan was an American lawyer, orator and politician. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, running three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States in the 1896, 1900, and the 1908 elections.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTom Watson was an American politician, attorney, newspaper editor and writer. He is known for his active role in the Populist political party and his egalitarian, agrarian agenda. He was nominated to be the vice-presidential candidate by the Populist party in the 1896 election. In his later years, Watson promoted white supremacist, anti-Catholic, and anti-Jewish rhetoric.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Populists were an agrarian-based political party aimed at improving conditions for the country's farmers and agrarian workers. They were primarily prominent in the 1880’s and 1890’s. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Spanish-American War was a military conflict between the United States and Spain in 1898. It began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. The war ended with the 1898 Treaty of Paris, negotiated on terms favorable to the United States. The conflict ended Spain's colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere and established America’s reputation as a global power, particularly in the Pacific.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMiami, officially the City of Miami, is a coastal metropolis and the seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida. With a population of 442,241 as of the 2020 census, it is the second-most populous city in Florida. It is known for its Latin-American cultural influences, notable art scene, and nightlife.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJacksonville is a coastal resort city in the U.S. state of Florida. It is known for its urban park system and stunning beaches. It is about a two-hour drive from Orlando.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTheodore Roosevelt, Jr. (1858-1919) was the 26th President of the United States from 1901-1909. He briefly served as vice-president and when President McKinley was assassinated on September 6, 1901, Roosevelt became President. Known as “TR” or “Teddy Roosevelt,” his famous slogan was “Speak softly and carry a big stick.” He is also known for the “Rough Riders,” a volunteer cavalry regiment he formed that fought in Cuba in the Spanish-American War. He was a Democrat and started a third party of his own, the Bull Moose Party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Battle of San Juan Hill was a major battle of the Spanish-American War fought between an American force under the command of William Rufus Shafter and Joseph Wheeler against a Spanish force led by Arsenio Linares y Pombo. It was one of the most significant American victories of the war and contributed to Teddy Roosevelt’s fame.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph \"Fighting Joe\" Wheeler was a Confederate military commander and politician. He was a cavalry general in the Confederate States Army in the 1860s during the American Civil War, and then a general in the United States Army during both the Spanish-American and Philippine–American Wars near the turn of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Rough Riders were the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, which was raised in 1898 for the Spanish-American war. Colonel Theodore Roosevelt (later Vice-President and then President) was its commander when it conducted its most famous assault, the decisive battle on San Juan Hill near Santiago, Cuba. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. The GOP was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists who opposed the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which allowed for the potential expansion of chattel slavery into the western territories. t has been the main political rival of the Democratic Party since the mid-1850s.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Abram Garfield was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881, until his death six months later—two months after he was shot by assassin Charles J. Guiteau.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Julius Guiteau was the assassin of American President James A. Garfield. Guiteau falsely believed he had played a major role in Garfield's election victory and should have been rewarded with a consulship. After Garfield’s administration repeatedly denied him a consulship, he shot the President.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eElberon is an unincorporated community that is part of Long Branch in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. It was a beach resort community in the late 18th century and during the 19th century was known as the \"Hollywood\" of the east, where some of the greatest theatrical and other performers of the day gathered and performed. President James Garfield was brought to Elberon in the hope that fresh air and quiet might aid his recovery after he was shot by Charles Guiteau, but he died shortly after. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePresident McKinley was shot and killed on September 14, 1901 by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. Czolgosz shot the President during one of his public appearances at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War I, also called First World War or Great War, was an international conflict that embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions from 1914 to 1918. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. He was a Democrat. After a policy of neutrality at the outbreak of World War I, Wilson led America into war in order to “make the world safe for democracy,” establishing a new role for America in global affairs. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMax Guthman (1896-1976) was the son of Aaron and Jennie Guthman. He served as a soldier during World War I and later worked with his father at the Haas-Guthman Company.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTybee Island is a barrier island and small city near Savannah, Georgia. It’s known for its wide, sandy beaches, including South Beach, with a pier and pavilion. In the island’s north, Fort Screven has 19th-century concrete gun batteries and the Tybee Island Light Station and Museum. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Irish Sea is an extensive body of water that separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is linked to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the North Channel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLeo Max Frank (1884-1915) was a Jewish factory superintendent in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1913, he was accused of raping and murdering one of his employees, a 13-year-old girl named Mary Phagan, whose body was found on the premises of the National Pencil Company. Frank was arrested, tried, convicted, and sentenced to death for her murder. The trial was the catalyst for a great outburst of antisemitism led by the populist Tom Watson and was at the center of powerful class and political interests. Frank was sent to Milledgeville State Penitentiary to await his execution. Governor John M. Slaton, believing there had been a miscarriage of justice, commuted Frank’s sentence to life in prison. This enraged a group of men who styled themselves as the “Knights of Mary Phagan.” They drove to the prison, kidnapped Frank from his cell, and drove him to Marietta, Georgia where they lynched him. Many years later, the murderer was revealed to be Jim Conley, who had lied in the trial, pinning it on Frank instead. Frank was pardoned on March 11, 1986, although they stopped short of exonerating him.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Pencil Company was a Jewish-owned manufacturing aggregate, based in Atlanta, Georgia, and founded in 1908. The company’s business office and factory were located on South Forsyth Street. Most of the laborers were pre-teen and teenaged children. Leo M. Frank was a superintendent at the factory who was falsely accused in the murder of 13-year-old factory worker old Mary Phagan. Frank was kidnapped from jail and lynched in 1915.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThirteen-year-old Mary Phagan worked in a pencil factory in Atlanta, Georgia in 1913. She was found murdered in the basement of the factory around 3 a.m. on April 27. Her murder led to the conviction and hanging of Leo Frank by a lynch mob in 1915 in Marietta, Georgia. Frank was later pardoned.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarietta is a city in and the county seat of Cobb County, Georgia, United States. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 60,972. The 2019 estimate was 60,867, making it one of Atlanta's largest suburbs. Marietta is the fourth largest of the principal cities by population of the Atlanta metropolitan area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYankee” or \"Yank\" has several meanings, all referring to people from the United States. In Southern American English, “Yankee” refers to a Northerner.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAaron Haas was an alderman, a member of the city council, and in 1875 the first mayor pro tempore of Atlanta. Haas moved to Atlanta from Newnan, Georgia in 1860 where he had been working as a store clerk. During the Civil War, Haas gained his notoriety as a blockade-runner selling Confederate cotton. After the war he became a successful member of the fledgling Jewish community. He established several profitable enterprises, including forays into finance, insurance, and real estate. He co-founded the Metropolitan Streetcar Company and in1892 he founded Haas-Howell Company, an insurance company.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLivingston Mims was an American politician who served as the 37th Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia during the early 20th century. He served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, and following the war, he became southern manager of the New York Life Insurance Company. Livingston was also a charter member and served 20 years as president of the Capital City Club. He was elected mayor in 1900 and was supported by prominent Atlanta businessman Joel Hurt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoel Hurt was an American businessman and developer in Atlanta, Georgia. He co-founded and was the president of Trust Company of Georgia, and also ran the Atlanta Building and Loan Association. Joel designed and developed the Atlanta neighborhood Inman Park and also opened Atlanta’s first electric streetcar line. He supported Livingston Mims for Atlanta mayor during the 1900 election.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Race Riots were a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta, Georgia that began the evening of September 22 and lasted until September 26, 1906. An estimated 25 to 40 African Americans were murdered and scores more were wounded. Considerable property damage was also done. On September 22, 1906 Atlanta newspapers reported four alleged assaults on local white women by Black men in lurid detail. Soon, some 10,000 white men and boys began gathering on Decatur Street in the Five Points area downtown. While the newspaper story was the catalyst, the deeper causes lay in increasing racial tensions between Blacks and whites, Jim Crow segregation, and Reconstruction politics. Attempts to calm the mob failed and it turned violent to people and property. The militia was summoned, and streetcar service was suspended in an attempt to drive the rioters from the streets. There was even a gun battle between the militias and armed Black men. It took four days for the riot to be brought under control. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eStatesboro is the largest city and county seat of Bulloch County, Georgia, United States. Statesboro is home to the flagship campus of Georgia Southern University and is part of the Savannah–Hinesville–Statesboro Combined Statistical Area.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThunderbolt is a town located in Chatham County, Georgia, United States. It is approximately five miles southeast of downtown Savannah and is part of the Savannah Metropolitan Statistical Area. Thunderbolt runs along the western shore of the Wilmington River and is important to Georgia’s shrimping industry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorgia State University is a public research university in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded in 1913, it is one of the University System of Georgia's four research universities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSavannah State University is a public historically black university in Savannah, Georgia. It was established in 1890 and is the oldest historically black public university in the state. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe University System of Georgia is the government agency that includes 26 public institutions of higher learning in the U.S. state of Georgia. The system is governed by the Georgia Board of Regents. It sets goals and dictates general policy to higher educational institutions under its discretion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil War, widely known in the United States as the “Civil War” or the “War Between the States,” was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. In January 1861, seven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, often called the “South,” grew to include 11 states, and although they claimed 13 states and additional western territories, the Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by a foreign country. The states that did not declare secession were known as the “Union” or the “North.” The war had its origin in the issue of slavery. After four years of bloody combat, which left over 600,000 Union and Confederate soldiers dead and destroyed much of the South's infrastructure, the Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring national unity and granting civil rights to freed slaves began.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHaas and Howell was an insurance and mortgage lending company founded by Jewish businessman Aaron Haas in 1891. The company was originally named Aaron Haas and Co. before it became Haas and Howell and then later Haas-Howell and Dodd.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNewnan is a city in Metro Atlanta and the county seat of Coweta County, Georgia. It is about 40 miles southwest of Atlanta and is known for its historic homes.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGermany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second-most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom located on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea that existed between 1701 and 1918. It was the driving force behind the unification of Germany in 1871 and was the leading state of the German Empire until its dissolution in 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePeddling is the practice of selling goods from place to place. In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, peddling made it possible for immigrant families to save up money and eventually start businesses.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Straus Family was a German-Jewish immigrant family that owned Macy’s Department Store and built it into a national retailer. Brothers Isidor and Nathan Straus first acquired the company in 1896. Isidor and his wife, Ida, died aboard the Titanic in 1912.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTalbotton is a city in Talbot County, Georgia, United States. It was established in 1827 and is located about two hours from Atlanta by drive.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColumbus is a city in western Georgia. It is home to Fort Benning and the longest urban whitewater course in the world. It is 1.5 hours from Atlanta, Georgia by car.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIgnacy Jan Paderewski was a Polish pianist, composer, and politician. His global fame as a musician opened the door to the media and politics, and he a spokesman for Polish independence. In 1919, Ignancy served as Poland’s prime minister and foreign minister, during which he signed the Treaty of Versailles, which ended World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePolack is a derogatory reference to a person of Polish descent. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMorris Slotin was a member of the Savannah Jewish community. He was born in Belarus in 1882 and raised his family in Savannah. He died in March of 1949 at the age of 67.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFlorida is the southeasternmost U.S. state, with the Atlantic on one side and the Gulf of Mexico on the other. It has hundreds of miles of beaches.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWalter Guthman (1903-1972) was the son of Aaron and Jennie Guthman. He worked with his father at the Haas-Guthman Company and married Jean Guckenheimer in the early twentieth century. The couple had two children: Jane (b. 1933) and Margery (b. 1938).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip Solomons (1919-2011) was a native and lifelong resident of Savannah, Georgia. His career spanned 47 years at Solomons Company, a family pharmaceutical distribution business which was founded as a small apothecary shop in 1845. He served as both president and CEO during his time with the company. Philip achieved the rank of Eagle Scout and the Order of the Arrow in Boy Scouts of America and received the Silver Beaver award as an adult volunteer. He attended Armstrong College, subsequently renamed Armstrong Atlantic State University (AASU), then Atlantic State University, and currently known as Georgia Southern University–Armstrong Campus. He graduated from Georgia Tech with a bachelor’s degree in industrial management. He was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Letters Degree from AASU. He was in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II and the Korean War, attaining the rank of Captain before beginning his career at Solomons Company. He was a member of Congregation Mickve Israel in Savannah, the Rotary Club of Savannah, and was past president of the Savannah Benevolent Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePoland is a central European nation known for its diverse topography and rich history. Prior to the antisemitic movements that emerged in Russia and Germany, the country was considered to be the center of European Jewish life. But starting in the early 1900’s, Russian pogroms forced a large number of Polish Jews to seek refuge in the United States. Then, following the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939, nearly 85% of Polish Jews were killed in the Holocaust. Mass emigration to the U.S. occurred again in 1968 when more than half of Poland’s Jewish population was stripped of citizenship and forced to leave. Today (2022), the Jewish community in Poland is slowly rebuilding. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLena Guthman Fox was the sister of Aaron Guthman and the mother of Alene Fox Uhry. Lena was the model for the character “Miss Daisy” in Driving Miss Daisy, which was written by her grandson, Alfred Uhry. She was a teacher in Atlanta for over ten years, teaching at locations such as Crew Street School.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEdwin Haas was an Atlanta businessman. His father, Aaron Haas, founded an insurance and mortgage lending company in 1891 called Aaron Haas and Co., and Edwin began working there in 1891. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEast Lake Golf Club is a private golf club located approximately 5 miles east of downtown Atlanta, Georgia. Established in 1904, East Lake is the oldest golf course in the city of Atlanta. It was the home course of golfer Bobby Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Capital City Club is a private social club founded in Atlanta in 1883. It is among the oldest social organizations in the South. The Club presently operates three facilities, the oldest of which is the downtown Atlanta club. The Capital City Country Club, located in Brookhaven, was leased in 1913 and purchased in 1915. In the autumn of 2002 an additional club facility, the Crabapple Golf Club, was completed in the city of Milton, in the northern portion of Fulton County.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerman Myers was the first Jewish mayor of Savannah from 1895 to 1907. He was instrumental in the development of Savannah, leading the construction of City Hall and establishing other businesses such as Hotel Tybee and the National Bank of Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Rich Family is a Hungarian-Jewish family that formed, owned, and operated Rich’s Department Store. The store was headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia and operated throughout the southern U.S. from 1867 until 2005 until it merged with the national retailer Macy’s. Rich's symbolized the retail shopping experience in Atlanta during the twentieth century. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRichard Rich was a member of the family that founded Rich’s Department Store. He served as chairman of the executive committee for Rich’s Incorporated from 1949 until his death in 1975. Richard also served as board chairman of the Atlanta Arts Alliance and president of the National Retail Dry Goods Association.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJames Oglethorpe (1696-1875) was a British general, member of Parliament, philanthropist, and founder of the colony of Georgia in 1732.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTemple Mickve Israel, located in the Historic District of Savannah on Monterey Square, is home to the third-oldest Jewish congregation in America. The congregation was founded in 1733 by Sephardic Jewish settlers who had been living in difficult circumstances in London. The temple was constructed in 1820 and was the first synagogue built in Georgia. Today (2022), Congregation Mickve Israel is a Reform Jewish synagogue led by Rabbi Robert Haas.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNewport is an American seaside city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island. It is famous for its historic mansions, sailing history, and upper-class populations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorge Washington (1732-1799) was the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Washington was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJudah Philip Benjamin served as the Attorney General, Secretary of War, and Secretary of State for the Confederacy. He was the first Jewish-American to serve on an executive cabinet in American history and is often referred to as the “brains of the Confederacy” for his close ties and work with Confederate President Jefferson Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHaym Salomon was a Polish-born Jewish businessman and political financial broker who was the prime financier of the American army during the American Revolutionary War.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Revolutionary War, also called the “American War of Independence,” was fought between American colonists and Great Britain between 1775 and 1783. It resulted in the independence and formation of the United States of America.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFortune is an American multinational business magazine headquartered in New York City. It was founded by Henry Luce in 1929. The magazine regularly publishes ranked lists, including the well-known Fortune 500 list, a ranking of companies by revenue that it has published annually since 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Morris was an English-born merchant and a Founding Father of the United States. From 1781 to 1784, he served as the Superintendent of Finance of the United States, which led to his common title of the \"Financier of the Revolution.\" Morris is widely regarded as one of the founders of the financial system of the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA gentile is a person of non-Jewish faith.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eClark University was founded in 1869 by the Methodist Episcopal Church, which later became the United Methodist Church as the nation's first four-year liberal arts college to serve a primarily African-American student population. The school was chartered and incorporated in 1877. In 1988 it consolidated with Atlanta University, the first historically black college or university in the Southern United States. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSpelman College is a private, historically black, women's liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1881 as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary and received its collegiate charter in 1924, making it America's second oldest private historically black liberal arts college for women.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisiana State University is a public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The university was founded in 1860 near Pineville, Louisiana, under the name Louisiana State Seminary of Learning \u0026amp; Military Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBaton Rouge is the capital city of the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the home of Louisiana’s flagship university, LSU, and also has a rich Cajun and Creole culture.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Dun \u0026amp; Bradstreet Corporation is an American company that provides commercial data, analytics, and insights for businesses. Its global database contains commercial data on more than 240 million companies. The corporation was established in 1933 from the merger of two rival credit agencies, R.G. Dun \u0026amp; Company and John M. Bradstreet Company. R.G. Dun \u0026amp; Company was first formed in 1841, while the John M. Bradstreet Company was established in 1849. Today, Dun \u0026amp; Bradstreet is extremely skilled at improving business profits, marketing, and risk management for their clients. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReform Judaism is a division within Judaism, especially in North America and the United Kingdom. Historically it began in the 19th century. In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture. While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah, and women rabbis), instrumental music is allowed in the services, and most of the service is in the local language as opposed to Hebrew.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRussia is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. The country has a rich history, including the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRomania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It is the twelfth-largest country in Europe and the sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Romania is known for its natural landscapes, such as the Carpathian Mountains and Danube Delta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSephardic Jews are the Jews of Spain, Portugal, North Africa, and the Middle East, and their descendants. The adjective “Sephardic” and corresponding nouns Sephardi (singular) and Sephardim (plural) are derived from the Hebrew word Sepharad, which refers to Spain. Historically, the vernacular language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish, incorporating elements from the old Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula, Hebrew, Aramaic, and in the lands receiving those who were exiled, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian vocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAshkenazi Jews [also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim] are Jews who originally lived in northern and eastern Europe. They once lived in the area of Rhineland and France and after the crusades they moved to Poland, Lithuania and Russia. In the 17th century, avoiding persecution, many Jews moved to and settled in Western Europe. As of 2018, Ashkenazim account for about 75% of the world's Jewish population.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Underground Railroad was a network of people and safe houses established in the Southern United States to help enslaved people escape to free states or Canada. The network operated from the late 18th century until the Civil War and was assisted by abolitionists and others sympathetic to the cause of the escapees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBison (buffalo) hunting was fundamental to the economy of the Plains Indians peoples who inhabited the Interior Plains of North America, prior to the animal's near-extinction in the late 19th century following US expansion into the West.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Clark was an American explorer, soldier, Indian agent, and territorial governor. He is remembered for his contributions to the Corps of Discovery expedition, which collected information about the American west, negotiated agreements with Native Americans, and launched westward expansion.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBret Harte was an American short story writer and poet best remembered for short fiction featuring miners, gamblers, and other romantic figures of the California Gold Rush. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNassau is the capital and largest city of the Bahamas. It is the center of commerce, education, law, administration, and media of the country.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEngland is a European country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest, and the Celtic Sea area of the Atlantic Ocean lies to the southwest. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCharleston is a port city in Charleston County, South Carolina. It is known for its rich history, antebellum architecture, and southern cuisine. Charleston is about a two-hour drive from Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Union Army was the military force of the American government that fought to preserve the collective union of the states during the American Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisville is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. It was formerly the state capital of Georgia from 1796 to 1806. It was a center of trade, legislators, and political influence. Louisville's historic open-sided market house, Old Market, (Old Slave Market) still stands in the center of downtown.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe DeSoto is a boutique hotel in Savannah, Georgia. It was first constructed in 1834 upon the site of the original Oglethorpe Barracks. Then, in 1879, the Savannah Hotel Corporation acquired the site with the hopes of redeveloping the structure as a cutting-edge boutique hotel. It was reopened in 1890 with 300 magnificently equipped guestrooms, as well as a swimming pool, a solarium, a barber shop, a soda shop, and a miniature golf course. The hotel grew in popularity throughout the early 20th century, hosting upscale clientele including Hollywood superstars, renowned musical entertainers, and powerful political leaders. The DeSoto closed its doors in 1965 but was modernized and reopened in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eColonial Park Cemetery is a historic cemetery located in downtown Savannah, Georgia. It became a city park in 1896, 43 years after burials in the cemetery ceased. The cemetery was first established in 1750.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUnion Station was a grand passenger train station in Savannah, Georgia that was built around 1900. It sat on what was then West Broad Street and is now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. Union Station and the surrounding area became an economic and cultural hub for the African American community in Savannah, largely due to business brought in by train passengers. Union was demolished in 1963 to make room for Interstate 16, which has since largely contributed to economic decline in the area. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCrew Street School was the first grammar school opened in the Atlanta Public School System. Crew Street Grammar School opened in 1872, which also happened to be the end of Reconstruction in Georgia. The original structure was located at 97 Crew Street between Washington Street and Capital Avenue. It was demolished and rebuilt twice in 1895 and 1911. In 1957, it was one of the nearly 500 buildings demolished for construction of the Interstate 20 expressway.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJefferson F. Davis was an American politician who served as the first and only president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865. He represented Mississippi in the United States Senate and the House of Representatives as a member of the Democratic Party before the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAbraham Lincoln (1809-1865) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. He successfully led the country through the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery. He was a Republican.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHenry Watterson was a prominent journalist and the part-owner and editor of the Louisville Courier-Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Louisville Courier Journal is the highest circulation newspaper in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It was formed through the merger of several other Kentucky newspapers in the 19th century and began officially operating as The Courier-Journal in 1868. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMulatto is a racial classification to refer to people of mixed African and European ancestry. Its use is considered outdated and offensive in several languages.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/annotation_set/1020/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Western Union Company is an American multinational financial services company. Founded in 1851 as the New York and Mississippi Valley Printing Telegraph Company in Rochester, New York, the company changed its name to the Western Union Telegraph Company in 1856 after merging with several other telegraph companies. It dominated the American telegraphy industry from the 1860s to the 1980s, but after experiencing financial difficulties, it began to move its business away from communications in the 1980s and increasingly focused on its money-transfer services.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3420.0,3450.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Guthman, Aaron [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Personal Background, Early Memories, and Changes in Savannah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You came here [Savannah, Georgia] when?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aaron Guthman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nashville, Tennessee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia Centennial","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sarsaparilla","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Memories of the 1876 Election and Discussion of the Civil War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=239.0,473.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're going to do this in sequence, though. We want to go back to Philadelphia for a minute. When I say the centennial, you remember the centennial?\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=239.0,473.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Confederates","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Democratic Party","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Electors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Florida","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louisiana","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New York","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert E. Lee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rutherford Hayes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Carolina","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tilden","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ulysses S. Grant","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Washington D.C,","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Sherman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=239.0,473.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His Favorite Childhood Stories","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=473.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember the stories of the Indian fighting in the 1880's? Did you hear those stories?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=473.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Rags to Riches\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Horatio Alger","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Indian Fighting","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=473.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His Recollection of the 1890's ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=540.0,806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you remember about the 1890's?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=540.0,806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cleveland Panic","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacksonville, Flordia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Joseph Wheeler","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Miami, Florida","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Populists","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rough Riders","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"San Juan Hill battle","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Spanish-American War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Teddy Roosevelt","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tom Watson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Howard Taft","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William Jennings Bryan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"William McKinley","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=540.0,806.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mood of the Country at the Turn of the 20th Century","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=806.0,901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember New Year's Eve, 1900?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=806.0,901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Labor Unions","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Year's Eve","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Republicans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Turn of the Century","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=806.0,901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His Recollection of Presidential Assassinations ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=901.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember McKinley's assassination?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=901.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charles Guiteau","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Elvira, New Jersey","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"James Garfield's Assasination","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"McKinley's Assassination","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=901.0,992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Max Guthman's Service in World War I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=992.0,1130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then World War I. What do you remember about that?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=992.0,1130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Irish Sea","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Max Guthman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Otranto","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tybee Island, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Woodrow Wilson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=992.0,1130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His Recollection of the Leo Frank Case","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1130.0,1278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, in 1914 or so, 1915, they had the Frank business here. You remember that?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1130.0,1278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leo Frank","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marietta, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mary Phagan","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"National Pencil Company","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yankee","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1130.0,1278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Acceptance in Georgia in the Early 1900's","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1278.0,1371.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did the Jews have a tough time here in the 1900's? In the early 1900's?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1278.0,1371.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aaron Haas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Joe Hurt","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mayorship","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pete Meinhat","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1278.0,1371.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Racial Tensions in Georgia in the Early 1900's","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1371.0,1827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Weren't there race riots here in the 1900's?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1371.0,1827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hominy Grits","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Integration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lard","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lynchings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Race Riots","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Savannah State University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Slavery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statesboro, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thunderbolt","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"University of Georgia System","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1371.0,1827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Immigration From Europe to the United States","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1827.0,2156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father married in this country. Newnan [Georgia].","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1827.0,2156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Columbus, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"German-Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ignancy Paderewski","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kingdom of Prussia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Morris Slotin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newnan, Goergia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Paderewski Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Peddling","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philip Solomon","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polack","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Strauss Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Talbotton, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Walter Guthman","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"West Broad Street","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=1827.0,2156.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Prejudice in Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2156.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, we've been talking with Ms. Lena and others. What about being a Jew in Georgia? Is that a problem or not?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2156.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alex Andrew","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Capital City Club","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"East Lake Country Club","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edwin Haas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Haas and Dodd","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harry Alexander","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Herman Myers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lena Guthman Fox","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rich Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2156.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early Jewish Settlement in Savannah","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2416.0,2468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Didn't the original Jewish settlement here?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2416.0,2468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Washington","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"James Oglethorpe","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newport, Rhode Island","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2416.0,2468.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Influential Jewish Figures in American History","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2468.0,2633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about . . . do you remember Judah Benjamin?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2468.0,2633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American Revolution","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fortune Magazine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Haym Salomon","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judah Benjamin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2468.0,2633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Racial and Jewish-Gentile Relations in Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2633.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doctor, there's universities, two of them in Atlanta, that were built 25 years before there was a college in Atlanta. That's the Clark\nUniversity and the Spelman University.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2633.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Baton Rouge, Louisiana","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christian","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clark University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gentile","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louisiana State University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Spelman University","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2633.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Class Structure in the Jewish Community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2761.0,2934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Within the Jewish community itself, are there . . . is there a social class structure? Within the Jewish community?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2761.0,2934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ashkenazi Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dun \u0026 Bradstreet","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orthodox Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reform Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Romania","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sephardic Jews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2761.0,2934.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Childhood Stories","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2934.0,3001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me ask Uncle Aaron something more about this. Did you used to hear stories about the slaves, the Underground Railroad, and things like that? Do you remember stories about the Underground Railway?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2934.0,3001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brett Harte","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Buffalo Hunters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clark","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Indians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Plantations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Underground Railroad","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=2934.0,3001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family Stories","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3001.0,3179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uncle Aaron, tell him about your uncle who was a blockade runner.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3001.0,3179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Acorns","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Blockade Runner","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Charleston, South Carolina","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Colonial Cemetery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Crew Street School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DeSoto Hotel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"England","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louisville, Georgia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nassau, Bahamas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oak Trees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Slave Market","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Union Army","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Union Station","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3001.0,3179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His Recollection of American Civil War Figures","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3179.0,3281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uncle Aaron, do you remember any stories about Jefferson Davis?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3179.0,3281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Abraham Lincoln","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jefferson Davis","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Louisville Courier-Journal","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waterson","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3179.0,3281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Racial Prejudice","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3281.0,3528.25469"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Each age is, you know, nowadays we say that we are living in the most crucial age because of the nuclear war, that kind of thing. But if you go back in history, doesn't each age say that about its own time? For instance, in the 1880's, didn't they think that things were pretty rough then? Or in the 1890's?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3281.0,3528.25469"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075/index/52756/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bank Runners","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Black Federal Officials","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Internal Revenue Collector","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Isaac Haas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nuclear War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oleo Margarine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Porters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Western Union","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/88629/file/184075#t=3281.0,3528.25469"}]}]}]}