{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/4b2x34n291/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Miller, Sol"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2014-09-03 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eSol Miller interviewed by Sandra Berman on September 3, 2014, in Huntsville, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eSol’s grandfather, Louis Miller, came to the United States in 1913 from Minsk, Belarus and originally lived in New York, working in the garment industry.   After visiting his brother who lived in Tennessee, Louis decided that he liked the pace of living in the South.  He heard of a business opportunity, which led him to move to Huntsville, AL.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol’s grandmother, Elise Ratner, came from a town near Minsk.  The interview does not explain how she ended up in Huntsville.  Her first husband died of cancer, and she then married Sol’s grandfather, Louis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol’s father, Israel Bernard ‘Buddy’ Miller, was born in 1926.  Upon graduation from Georgia Institute of Technology, Buddy joined his father in the business.  He married Sol’s mother, Dolores Evelyn Katz in 1947.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol was born in Huntsville in 1955, and grew up there.  He went to religious school at Temple B’nai Sholom from kindergarten through confirmation.  He became bar mitzvah and was influenced by several of the spiritual leaders of the congregation over the years.  He never experienced any antisemitism and enjoyed growing up in Huntsville. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from Vanderbilt University and then law school at Cornell University, Sol practiced law in Nashville for several years before returning to Huntsville to join the family business.  In 1981, he married Elizabeth Dembo, and they had two children, Isabel and Louis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol and his wife raised their two children in Huntsville, and the family scrap metal business remains active to this day.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eSol discusses how his grandfather, Louis Miller, came to Huntsville, Alabama after leaving Minsk, Belarus to come to the United States.  He lived in New York while working in the garment industry, and after a visit to this brother in Paris, Tennessee he decided he liked the pace of life in the South.  Sol describes the business opportunity that was available in Alabama with Ike Denbo, Ben Denbo, and Jake Bernstein.  It was a scrap metal business, which included other merchandise, and through several changes over the years became L. Miller \u0026amp; Son.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol provides a timeline of the marriage of his grandparents, who met in Huntsville, the birth of his father, Israel Bernard ‘Buddy’ Miller, and marriage to Dolores Evelyn Katz, and his own birth in 1955 and marriage to Elizabeth Denbo in 1981.  The timeline includes when Sol’s father joined the business, and when Sol joined the business after graduating from law school, practicing law in Nashville, Tennessee for several years, and then returning to Huntsville to join the business.   \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol describes his experiences growing up Jewish in Huntsville.  He never experienced antisemitism and has fond childhood memories of Temple B’nai Sholom and several of the spiritual leaders there.  He also describes the early days of the Jewish community there in the late 1800’s and the changes over time.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol discusses the German rocket scientists, including Werner von Braun, who were brought to Huntsville.  Their past was white-washed, and the community embraced them.  Some, like Sol’s grandfather, had a hard time doing business with them. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol describes his awareness as a child about segregation.  He explains the impact that NASA had on the peaceful integration of blacks, since the government threatened to move the location out of Hunstville if black engineers who were applying for jobs there would be segregated in restaurants, housing, hotels, etc. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol talks about his family memories growing up Jewish in Huntsville, family holidays, and raising their own children there.  Their children are now young adults, and he describes where they are now and what they are doing.  It is unlikely either of them will settle in Huntsville, thus ending the long family history there.  \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28437"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eSol Miller interviewed by Sandra Berman on September 3, 2014, in Huntsville, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSol’s grandfather, Louis Miller, came to the United States in 1913 from Minsk, Belarus and originally lived in New York, working in the garment industry.   After visiting his brother who lived in Tennessee, Louis decided that he liked the pace of living in the South.  He heard of a business opportunity, which led him to move to Huntsville, AL.  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol’s grandmother, Elise Ratner, came from a town near Minsk.  The interview does not explain how she ended up in Huntsville.  Her first husband died of cancer, and she then married Sol’s grandfather, Louis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol’s father, Israel Bernard ‘Buddy’ Miller, was born in 1926.  Upon graduation from Georgia Institute of Technology, Buddy joined his father in the business.  He married Sol’s mother, Dolores Evelyn Katz in 1947.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol was born in Huntsville in 1955, and grew up there.  He went to religious school at Temple B’nai Sholom from kindergarten through confirmation.  He became bar mitzvah and was influenced by several of the spiritual leaders of the congregation over the years.  He never experienced any antisemitism and enjoyed growing up in Huntsville. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from Vanderbilt University and then law school at Cornell University, Sol practiced law in Nashville for several years before returning to Huntsville to join the family business.  In 1981, he married Elizabeth Dembo, and they had two children, Isabel and Louis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol and his wife raised their two children in Huntsville, and the family scrap metal business remains active to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSol discusses how his grandfather, Louis Miller, came to Huntsville, Alabama after leaving Minsk, Belarus to come to the United States.  He lived in New York while working in the garment industry, and after a visit to this brother in Paris, Tennessee he decided he liked the pace of life in the South.  Sol describes the business opportunity that was available in Alabama with Ike Denbo, Ben Denbo, and Jake Bernstein.  It was a scrap metal business, which included other merchandise, and through several changes over the years became L. Miller \u0026amp; Son.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol provides a timeline of the marriage of his grandparents, who met in Huntsville, the birth of his father, Israel Bernard ‘Buddy’ Miller, and marriage to Dolores Evelyn Katz, and his own birth in 1955 and marriage to Elizabeth Denbo in 1981.  The timeline includes when Sol’s father joined the business, and when Sol joined the business after graduating from law school, practicing law in Nashville, Tennessee for several years, and then returning to Huntsville to join the business.   \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol describes his experiences growing up Jewish in Huntsville.  He never experienced antisemitism and has fond childhood memories of Temple B’nai Sholom and several of the spiritual leaders there.  He also describes the early days of the Jewish community there in the late 1800’s and the changes over time.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol discusses the German rocket scientists, including Werner von Braun, who were brought to Huntsville.  Their past was white-washed, and the community embraced them.  Some, like Sol’s grandfather, had a hard time doing business with them. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol describes his awareness as a child about segregation.  He explains the impact that NASA had on the peaceful integration of blacks, since the government threatened to move the location out of Hunstville if black engineers who were applying for jobs there would be segregated in restaurants, housing, hotels, etc. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSol talks about his family memories growing up Jewish in Huntsville, family holidays, and raising their own children there.  Their children are now young adults, and he describes where they are now and what they are doing.  It is unlikely either of them will settle in Huntsville, thus ending the long family history there.  \u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/106/429/small/Sol_Miller.png?1619301334","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Miller_Sol.mp4"]},"duration":2892.003,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/106/429/small/Sol_Miller.png?1619301334","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/106/429/original/Miller_Sol.mp4?1614019053","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2892.003,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Sol Miller [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is September 3, 2014. I am with Sol Miller, who has agreed to\nparticipate in the Alabama Project of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\nI want to thank you for being here today. My name is Sandra Berman. I'll be\nconducting the interview. I'd like to begin by having you talk a little bit\nabout your background, and when and how, or why, your family came to Huntsville [Alabama].\n\nMILLER: My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather . . . his name was Louis Miller . . . his name in the old\ncountry was Laibl Mishkind [sp] . . . came to America in 1913. He lived in New\nYork [City--New York], where he had some brothers and sisters. He worked in the\ngarment industry. He had a brother who lived in Paris, Tennessee. He went to\nvisit this brother, maybe in 1916, and really liked the pace of life in the\nSouth a lot more than in New ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"York, although he was from Minsk [now in Belarus].\nHe was from a big city in the old country. He liked Tennessee, and he heard of a\nbusiness opportunity in Decatur, Alabama. He met at the Lyons Hotel, which was\nin Decatur, with the two brothers, Ike Denbo and Ben Denbo. They had another\npartner, Jake Bernstein, and my grandfather went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into business with them. He\nmoved to Huntsville around 1916, and they were in the scrap metal business. They\nbought and sold wild roots, nuts, poultry, [and] hides . . . a typical start-up\nbusiness in those days among Jewish immigrants that didn't require a lot of\ncapital to get into. I guess around the time the United States went into World\nWar ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I, Ike Denbo was drafted into the Army. I think he actually volunteered and\nhe was sent to the trenches in France. Before he left, he didn't know if he\nwould return or not, so he sold their Huntsville business to Jake Bernstein and\nmy grandfather, Louis Miller. That was the beginning of Tennessee Poultry \u0026 Hide\nCompany. That was the beginning of what later became L. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Miller \u0026 Son, which\noperated . . . it was Tennessee Poultry \u0026 Hide from 1918, say, until 1948, when\nmy father graduated from Georgia [Institute of ] Tech[nology--Atlanta, Georgia]\nand came into the business, Buddy Miller. It operated as a partnership between\nmy father and my grandfather for ten years. It was incorporated as L. Miller \u0026\nSon, Inc. In the year 2000, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"merged the scrap metal portion of L. Miller \u0026\nSon, Inc. into Tennessee Valley Recycling, which combined the old Denbo\ncompanies and my company. We put everything back together in the year 2000.\n\nBERMAN: That's amazing. It came full circle.\n\nMILLER: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: Your grandmother . . .\n\nMILLER: My grandmother was married to Jacob Bernstein. She came to Huntsville .\n. . she could have been here in 1915. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not sure exactly when she arrived. Her\nname was Elsie Ratner [sp]. She was a country girl from near Minsk. Her husband\ndied of cancer in around 1922 or 1923, and she married my grandfather at that\npoint. Jake Bernstein and my grandmother had a daughter, Hilda Bernstein, who\nvery sadly died at age 18 in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1934. She was an undiagnosed diabetic, and she went\ninto, I guess, insulin shock and died. My father was born in 1926, Israel\nBernard 'Buddy' Miller. He married my mother, Dolores Evelyn Katz [sp], from\nColumbia, South Carolina, whose father was in the scrap business, too. Solomon\nKatz. They were married in 1947 and moved back ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Huntsville in 1948. My older\nsister, Joy Greenberg, was born in 1948. I was born in 1955, and my sister, Sara\nMiller Denbo [sp], was born in 1957. Growing up we were friends with Joel Denbo.\nMy grandparents were great friends of Ike Denbo and his wife, Jeanette [sp], up\nin Pulaski, Tennessee, which was where his business ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was. My father knew Morley\nDenbo . . . knows . . . they're both still living. He's known Morley Denbo since\nMorley Denbo was born, and Joel Denbo has known me since I was born. The\nfamilies do have a lot of history together. My sister, Sara, married Joel Denbo\nin 1980. It gets a little more confusing here. I married, in 1981, Elizabeth\nDembo, with an 'm', not an ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'n'. They're sort of related somewhere, the 'Denbos'\nand 'Dembos,' but we haven't figured out exactly how. My wife's parents came to\nHuntsville in 1968. Her father was with the [U.S. Army] Corps of Engineers. Her\nmother was a refugee from Vienna [Austria]. She was one of last children to get\nout of Vienna in 1939, without her parents. What else do you want to know about me?\n\nBERMAN: I have lots of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"questions. Going back, do you remember your family\ntalking . . . Do you remember your grandparents?\n\nMILLER: I do remember my grandparents very well.\n\nBERMAN: Did they speak about their first reaction of coming to the South? Did\nthey talk about what they . . .\n\nMILLER: I never talked to my grandmother about it. She lived in Cincinnati\n[Ohio] with her sister after she came to the United States. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never really\ntalked to her so much. I don't think I ever asked my grandfather, but my father\ntells me stories that he heard from his father. My grandfather, as I said,\nreally liked the pace of life in the South and decided he would rather live here\nthan in New York [City]. As I said, he did have a brother in Tennessee. He made\nfriends with the Denbos and went into business with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. More than anything, I\nguess it was the friendliness of the people. It's still true. In New York people\nwon't even look at you, much less talk to you. He found in the South . . . One\nthing he said, he was taking the train from Paris, Tennessee, to I guess\nNashville [Tennessee] and down to Huntsville [Alabama], and he noticed that\neveryone who got on the train said 'hello' to him. He thought to himself, \"They\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"must be mistaking me for somebody they know, because why else would they be\ntalking to me.\" He realized later that it was just the friendliness of the people.\n\nBERMAN: What was the Jewish community like for them, your parents and maybe your grandparents?\n\nMILLER: I can talk about my grandparents first. When my grandfather came to\nHuntsville in 1916, the predominance of the community were the German Jews. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They\nwere the founders of the congregation and later built the Temple [B'nai\nSholom)]. It's the story . . . in other big cities [and] small towns you had the\ninflux of the German Jews who came to Huntsville probably in the 1840's, became\nprosperous, and then all these upstart immigrants from Russia and Poland came\nin. My grandfather grew up in an Orthodox environment, but in Huntsville he had\njust one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"choice. He had the Reform synagogue, and he affiliated with it, as did\nall the rest of the Russian immigrants. It was a very small congregation. The\nTemple [B'nai Sholom] was built in 1898 and completed in 1899. We had a\nfull-time rabbi that year for the first time, and we had full-time rabbis until\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1913. I'll just tell you something about the second to the last full-time rabbi\nwe had. His name was Jacob Z. Lauterbach. When I was in college at Vanderbilt\n[University--Nashville, Tennessee], I had a professor Lou Silberman, who was a\nrabbi. I took a course in Jewish history from him. He found out I was from\nHuntsville. He said, \"I'll tell you something interesting I know about\nHuntsville. When I was at the Hebrew Union College . . . there was a very, very\nrevered professor named Jacob Z. Lauterbach. He had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a solid gold pocket watch.\nHe would show it to his students. This was presented to him by the grateful\ncongregation, [Temple] B'nai Sholom, in Huntsville.\" He was a scholar even when\nhe was here, so how did we get such a prominent rabbi here? He wanted a quiet\ncommunity where he could write some books, so he was here for a couple of years.\nHe did his writing, and then he moved on. Our last full-time rabbi left in 1913,\nand we didn't have another one until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1963. For 50 years, we had lay readers.\nThere was a man named Gustav Marx, who was a lay reader. [He] led services when\nmy father was a kid. Starting in the 1950's, as the Huntsville community started\nto grow, the Jewish community got an influx of people who were in the defense\nindustry, worked for the Army, were in the Army, later worked for NASA [National\nAeronautics and Space Administration]. The congregation was able first to hire\nstudent rabbis who would come in every ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two weeks from [Hebrew Union College in]\nCincinnati [Ohio]. One of those student rabbis was named Sherman Stein, and he\nlater, in 1963, became our first full-time rabbi in 50 years. We had the Rabbi\nSherman Stein. After he left, we had a wonderful retired rabbi from Chattanooga\n[Tennessee], Abraham Feinstein, who bar mitzvahed me. He was here for several\nyears. He commuted every weekend. Michael ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eisenstat, recently out of the Air\nForce, became the next rabbi. I'm trying to remember the name of the next one.\nWe've had permanent rabbis since then. The community grew . . . I think we had\nmaybe 170 families in the congregation. When I was a kid in Sunday school, we\nhad lots of kids. There were 14 kids in my confirmation class. The demographics\nhave changed over the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, and there are a lot fewer children in the religious school.\n\nBERMAN: What was it like being Jewish growing up in Huntsville? Did you\nassociate mainly with the kids in your confirmation class, or did you associate\nmainly outside that group?\n\nMILLER: I want to mention one thing before I answer that. In 1962, a second\ncongregation was formed. Fred Glusman, who you may ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know from Atlanta, started\nthat congregation, Etz Chayim. My grandfather didn't have a choice, but a lot of\nthe new people who came in were Orthodox and Conservative, and they couldn't get\ninto the Reform practice. They started that congregation. In answer to your\nquestion, Joel was in my confirmation class. There was a girl from Athens,\nAlabama; a boy from Fayetteville, Tennessee, and the rest of them were from\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Huntsville. They weren't really my friends, though . . . they didn't go to the\nsame . . . a couple of them went to my high school, but most of them didn't.\nMeanwhile, there was a whole separate group of kids at Etz Chayim that we never\nassociated with. I had known them in religious school in kindergarten and first\ngrade, but after that we were cut off from them. I met a few of them recently,\nand I think, \"I would have liked to have known you growing up,\" but we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kept\nseparate. My friends were just my friends in elementary school, junior high,\nhigh school. I didn't really have any close Jewish friends.\n\nBERMAN: Was there ever an issue with you being Jewish?\n\nMILLER: I never had a single issue. When I was in elementary school, they said\nthe Lord's Prayer every day. My parents told me, \"That's a Christian prayer, and\nyou don't have to participate,\" but it never bothered ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me. I was used to it.\nEverybody, I assume, knew I was Jewish, but I don't remember a single instance\nof being singled out or antisemitism.\n\nBERMAN: What about your father. Did he ever talk about that? Was it a problem\nfor him at all?\n\nMILLER: My father was very happy growing up here. I don't think he had a problem\nwith it, although I do know that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he started wearing Jewish symbols around his\nneck or in his belt buckle. Maybe he thinks people didn't realize he was Jewish\nback then, but I think everybody knew. I've never heard him talk about any\nantisemitic behavior toward him.\n\nBERMAN: What about living in a Southern community during the years of Jim Crow\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that segregated South. As a child, did you think about it much?\n\nMILLER: My father pointed it out to me. I've got a couple of stories. One\ninvolves me and the other the Temple. I was riding on a Saturday morning . . . I\nwas probably seven years old, and we were riding down the street. I was going to\ngo to the office with him on a Saturday morning. We were stopped at a stoplight,\nand he pointed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a service station. He says, \"Look over there.\" What I saw was\na black man and a young black boy. The dad had gotten a cup out of his truck.\nThere was a faucet. He was filling up the cup from the faucet. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He turned it off\nand gave it to this boy to drink. My father said, \"Let me explain to you what's\ngoing on there. He's not allowed to drink from the water fountain, because he's\na negro. I think that's terrible, but that's the way it is here.\" That really\nmade an impression on me and, of course, then I started noticing that sort of\nthing. For example, at my doctor's office there were two waiting rooms. One had\na sign 'White,' and the other had a sign ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'Colored.' Yes, I was real aware of\nthat. Now in our congregation . . . my father was president of the Temple in\n1957 and 1958. There was a man who was a technical writer for the Army named\nColeman Balisok. A brilliant man. Spoke many languages. Very scholarly. In fact,\nhe trained me for my bar mitzvah. He trained all the kids for bar [mitzvah] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and\nlater bat mitzvah. He asked my father . . . he says, \"I'd like to invite a guest\nto Temple this Friday night.\" My father says, \"You don't have to ask me. Just\nbring your guest.\" He says, \"Buddy, there's one thing. His skin is a few shades\ndarker than ours.\" My father says, \"It doesn't matter. It's a synagogue. Of\ncourse bring him.\" It really hit the fan. At the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"next board meeting, everyone\nwas irate. Not everyone, but a few people were irate. They said, \"How dare he\nbring a negro into the Temple. What are the other people going to think of us?\nBesides, Balisok's son, Leon, hangs out with the black kids. They're going to\nfind him at the bottom of the Tennessee River one ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"day.\" It wasn't received real\nwell, but that's the way it was.\n\nBERMAN: Did that change you, those two incidents? Did you take a more active\nrole during those . . .\n\nMILLER: I was pretty young then.\n\nBERMAN: What about your dad?\n\nMILLER: My dad took black employees down to the court house to register them to\nvote. They grudgingly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"registered these people, but I think they were afraid to\ngo vote. He would do that, and I'm sure everyone talked about him after he left\nthe courthouse.\n\nBERMAN: Did he ever get any hate mail?\n\nMILLER: I don't remember him getting any hate mail, but I know the temple in\nGadsden [Alabama] was bombed in the Fifties, I think. They were afraid that\nwould happen here, too, but didn't really have any incidents here. What happened\nin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Huntsville, in the early Sixties . . . I don't know if it was President [John\nFitzgerald] Kennedy or if it was President [Lyndon Baines] Johnson . . . after\nNovember of 1963 [who] called John Sparkman, our senator, to the White House. He\nsaid, \"John, we located this NASA facility in Huntsville, but we have black\nengineers coming down from the North to apply for jobs. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They can't stay in\nhotels. They can't eat in restaurants. They're not being hired. Huntsville is\ngoing to have to change, or else we're going to just take the NASA facility out\nof Huntsville and put it somewhere else.\" That got everybody's attention. The\nmayor and the county commissioners and a lot of the business leaders got\ntogether and said, \"We're not going to have riots here. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're going to integrate\npeacefully, and we're going to change things.\" That's the reason that Huntsville\ndidn't have as a big a problem as they did in Birmingham [Alabama].\n\nBERMAN: That's a great piece of history. A great story. I want to ask you a few\nmore questions about yourself. You went to Sunday school?\n\nMILLER: I did. I went from kindergarten through confirmation. I had a bar mitzvah.\n\nBERMAN: Was there a particular ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spiritual leader there that had any kind of\nlasting impression on you?\n\nMILLER: Rabbi Feinstein especially, the rabbi that did my bar mitzvah, but more\nthan anybody else was Coleman Balisok.\n\nBERMAN: How do you spell that?\n\nMILLER: C-O-L-E-M-A-N B-A-L-I-S-O-K. Not every day, but most days, I'll hear\nsomething and I'll think, \"I learned about that first from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coleman Balisok.\" [He\nwas] just a brilliant man. My grandfather and he talked one day, and they\ndecided when I was 11 years old . . . I was ten years old . . . they would have\nme start reading through the Torah in Hebrew, learning the vocabulary, learning\nhow to translate it. I started in the book of Genesis, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bereshit. I got through a\ncouple of chapters, and then he had me continue there and start chapter one,\nverse one again. I had four sections going at the same time. When I finished the\nlast chapter the last time through I had a little ceremony, a tsium [Hebrew:\ncompletion] where I completed the book. I'm really happy I did that, because my\ngrandfather was there, and he didn't live to see my bar mitzvah. I would say\nAbraham Feinstein, the very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"distinguished retired rabbi from Chattanooga, and\nColeman Balisok were great influences on me, and to a lesser extent Rabbi\nEisenstadt, who taught our confirmation class.\n\nBERMAN: What about as you got a little older and you started dating? Was it an\nissue for your family who you dated?\n\nMILLER: No, it wasn't. The girls I went out with in high school were not Jewish,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but my parents didn't care because they thought, \"This is not serious. When you\nget to college maybe you should think about seeking out some Jewish girls.\" It\nwas never an issue.\n\nBERMAN: Did you go to Jewish summer camp?\n\nMILLER: I never did. I wish I had. I went to a YMCA camp once, and then I went\nto a camp in Charleston [South Carolina]. It was not a Jewish camp. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wish I had\nhad that experience. I didn't. My children and my nieces went for years and\nyears to Camp Barney [Medintz]. They just loved it and are still friends with a\nlot of the kids they met. I missed out on that.\n\nBERMAN: Did you always know you would come back to Huntsville and Decatur [Alabama]?\n\nMILLER: Not really. Well, I sort of did. I went to Vanderbilt\n[University--Nashville, Tennessee] to college, and then I went to law school at\nCornell [University] in Ithaca, New York. I practiced ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"law in Nashville for a few\nyears. I just felt there was a need for me to come back. I felt the pull, and I\ncame back. It's been 32, 33 years now.\n\nBERMAN: Are you sorry you came back?\n\nMILLER: Not really. I like Huntsville, and I like the scrap business.\n\nBERMAN: I asked your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"brother-in-law, Joel, that question a couple of years ago,\nand he said, \"Who would ever want to live in Decatur?\" I asked him if he was\nhappy . . .\n\nMILLER: I agree with him. Huntsville is different.\n\nBERMAN: Different, yes. Did you have a hangout when you were growing up, a\nparticular place where you went to meet friends?\n\nMILLER: No, not really. We were just in school together and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you just go to\nfriends' houses, go out on dates, and that sort of thing.\n\nBERMAN: What about your parents? Did they get involved in local civic activities?\n\nMILLER: My father did. Of course, he was president of the Temple, but he was\ninvolved in the Huntsville Rotary Club and he was a Mason. My grandfather was a\nMason almost from the time he came to Huntsville and was treasurer of the Helion\n[Masonic] Lodge, which is the oldest lodge ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the state of Alabama, for 35\nyears. He said he never wanted to be master of the lodge because he was\nself-conscious of his accent. When I was a kid, I didn't think he had an accent.\nI thought Mr. Wilinsky [sp] had an accent, and the other older Jewish men. They\nhad accents, but my grandfather didn't. My father made a reel-to-reel audio tape\nof my grandfather telling the story of his departure from Russia, his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"escape\nfrom Russia. I listened to that and I thought, \"My\n\nG-d, he sounds like Boris Badenov with a Southern accent,\" because most of his\nEnglish he learned here. It was wonderful to hear that again. I have it on a DVD\nnow. My father was very active in different Masonic organizations and the\nCouncil for International Visitors. He was on the board of the Salvation Army.\nThere were a lot of civic activities that he was interested ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in.\n\nBERMAN: One of my big questions that I've been saving up to ask is . . . I know\nHuntsville changed when the scientists arrived. Did your father talk about the\neffect that had on the Jews living in Huntsville or himself?\n\nMILLER: It didn't have much of an effect that I was aware of on the Jews in\nHuntsville. It had a big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"effect on the economy of Huntsville and the economy of\nour business. A lot of companies came in. L. Miller \u0026 Son was also in the steel\nbusiness and welding supplies and gasses. All these companies and NASA and the\nArmy needed that stuff, so it was good for our business. My father knew some of\nthe Germans through the Rotary ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Club. There was one in particular who he really\nliked named Walt Wiesman, who came over here as a PR [public relations] man for\nthe German scientists. He was very effective. He knew some of the others, but he\nwas always leery of them. He was quite surprised when they named the civic\ncenter in Huntsville after [Wernher] von Braun. When my sister married Joel,\nthey had the wedding, and the reception was at the von Braun Civic Center. He\nwouldn't put 'von Braun' on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"invitation. He just called it the Huntsville\nCivic Center. He had business dealings with some of them. Some of these\nengineers would come in looking for certain types of steel. They had these\nprojects they were working on. My grandfather really had a hard time dealing\nwith them.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember anything?\n\nMILLER: I don't remember any specific instances, although my father told me that\nwhen they would come in my grandfather would say, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Buddy, take care of these\npeople.\" I'll tell you one thing. My grandfather . . . during the war, they had\nGerman POWs [prisoners of war] in Huntsville, at the Huntsville Arsenal. My\ngrandfather had a lot of scrapping projects out there. The Army had the POWs\nload stuff, and he could understand German. He knew exactly what they were\nsaying. They were talking about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him, the Jew. He never let on that he\nunderstood, because he wanted to hear what they were saying. I remember that\nstory, but as far as the Germans that moved here in as part of the von Braun\nteam, I didn't hear many stories about them.\n\nBERMAN: Did you go to school with any of their children.\n\nMILLER: I did. In first grade I was in a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carpool with a boy, and his dad was a\nvon Braun man. His mother drove one of the days of the week. I remember she had\nan old 1951 Chevrolet. An old car . . . older than most of the cars you saw\naround. She was very, very sweet. A very sweet lady. I'm still friends with her\nson that I was in first grade with on Facebook. I don't see him very often, but\njust a nice guy.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever talk about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it?\n\nMILLER: No, we didn't. We never talked about it. Some of the other I people I\nremember early . . . I went to Randolph School for the first four years, and a\nlot of the Germans had their kids there. I can remember a Christmas pageant in\nsecond grade. We went out into the hall. It was a very wide hall, and this one\nGerman girl was playing the violin so beautifully. Her father was a rocket\nscientist, and the von ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Braun children were at that school. I remember seeing\nthem, real tall and blonde and nice looking kids. They were there. When I was in\nfifth grade, there was a boy whose father was on the team. This kid was born in\nthe United States, but he had an accent. His momma dressed him in lederhosen and\nsandals. He'd bring lunch ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to school, and it was flat bread with German sausage.\nKids made fun of him. He was my friend, and I didn't, but I kind of felt sorry\nfor him. Most of the Germans wanted their kids to be Americanized, but this one\nkid . . . His parents wanted him to be strictly German, I think.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever find out what happened to him?\n\nMILLER: Yes. I'm not in contact with him now. I know he went to Princeton\n[University--Princeton, New Jersey]. I think he's a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"physicist somewhere.\n\nBERMAN: Does it intrigue you or ever interest you to have those conversations\nwith any of them?\n\nMILLER: If I could see them again, I would. In fact, if I ever see Hans, my\nfriend whose mother drove in the carpool, I might talk to him about that,\nbecause I think he'd be really open to it. Hans was . . . a lot of these German\nkids were regimented and very determined. Hans was a free ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spirit. His older\nsister was . . . she did what the parents wanted, but Hans didn't. He was . . .\nI'm sure his mother probably liked the way he was, but I'm sure his father gave\nup on him.\n\nBERMAN: Did your grandfather talk . . . did he ever mention being upset that\nthey were all here? So many of them were in the Nazi party, were in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SS, and\nhere they are . . .\n\nMILLER: My grandfather didn't like it very much. I wish I had spoken to him\nspecifically about it, but I never did. He had friends and family in Minsk that\ndidn't survive the war. Yes, he wasn't very happy about it.\n\nBERMAN: Von Braun, his whole past was white-washed. It's well known now. The\nfact that he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a major in the SS. That was brushed under the carpet, and it\nwasn't really until Arthur Rudolph, who lived in Huntsville . . . the Justice\nDepartment, Elliott . . . Rosenbaum, I believe it is . . . Eli Rosenbaum . . .\nbrought the case against [Rudolph]. There was a real strong reaction in\nHuntsville. \"How dare they? He's a hero,\" not mentioning that he was in charge\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of getting the workers for the Dora-Nordhausen rocket plant, which von Braun was\nalso at. There were a lot of letters to the editor, and my father could never\nlet a negative letter to the editor be unanswered. He would write letters . . .\nwonderful letters. I remember one time, I was in high school, I guess. It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a\nSaturday afternoon and got a phone call. This angry man was on the phone. \"Is\nBuddy Miller there?\" I said, \"He's not here right now.\" \"Yes, he is. You let me\ntalk to that kike right now.\" Whoa. I guess I must have gotten a number. He must\nhave given me a number, but I hung up and I told my father when he came home,\n\"You got this call. You're probably not going to call him back.\" He said, \"Yes,\nI'm going to call him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back.\" I didn't want to listen to the conversation. I\nthought it was going to be not very pleasant. I went back in my room, and 30\nminutes later I came out. My father was laughing and talking to this guy. \"Yes,\nwe'll have to get together sometime.\" Then he hung up the phone. I said, \"What\nwas that all about?\" He said, \"He was just angry. He didn't really mean it. We\ngot to talking, and I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"explained my position. I said, 'You really shouldn't have\ncalled me that.' He said, 'I feel really bad I did call you that. I'm sorry.'\"\nThey had that conversation, and that little scene really stuck with me about how\nmy father . . . I guess there's some proverb in the Bible about 'a kind word\nturneth away wrath,' or something like that. I thought that really embodies that.\n\nBERMAN: Now that we're in the year ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"2014, has there been any change of opinion in\nthe Huntsville community about the past of these guys? I know they were lauded\nfor so long.\n\nMILLER: No. People still glorify them here. This is may be the one place where\nthey're still glorified. I've got some English friends who actually started out\nas pen ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pals when we were 10, and back in 1998 they came to Huntsville for the\nfirst time. They were trying to find our house, and they stopped at the\nvisitor's center, which was in the von Braun Civic Center. They got to our\nhouse, and they said, \"What's this von Braun Civic Center?\" I said, \"Yes, they\nnamed it after him.\" He said, \"My parents were bombed by that guy.\" He was\nshocked, but in Huntsville it's . . . he's still a saint here.\n\nBERMAN: Because he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"brought the industry . . .\n\nMILLER: He brought it all here. It's not like the people here know about his\npast and think he was a bad guy, but he did do a lot for Huntsville. They don't\nwant to hear anything about the bad stuff.\n\nBERMAN: He was very charismatic, from what I hear.\n\nMILLER: Very charismatic. Yes, he was. I never met him personally.\n\nBERMAN: Did you meet his kids?\n\nMILLER: They were older than me. I knew who they were, but I didn't meet ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them.\n\nBERMAN: Do any of them still live in the area?\n\nMILLER: No, they don't. One lives in Washington . . . one of the girls . . . I'm\nnot sure where they all live, but they're not here anymore.\n\nBERMAN: How would you describe Huntsville today and the Jewish community?\nConnected? Disconnected? Are they a cohesive group?\n\nMILLER: I have not really been active in the community for about five years now.\nThat's another ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"story, but I was very active. I was on the board for many years.\nI never wanted to be president. I was treasurer for a number of years, and I\nheld other offices and committee chairmanships. The Huntsville community has\nchanged since I was a kid. When I was a kid, it seemed like there was more\nactive ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involvement in the Temple by congregants. There was an active\nBrotherhood, an active B'nai B'rith, lots of kids, as I mentioned before, who\nwere in the religious school. There just doesn't seem to be that level of\ninvolvement anymore. I guess that's because, it's probably true everywhere,\npeople are busy, and they don't want to spend their time in the Men's Club and\nB'nai B'rith. Huntsville is not unique ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. There's a core of people who are\nvery involved, and I believe they get pretty good attendance at Shabbat\nservices, although I haven't been. High Holy Day services are well attended. Etz\nChayim, the other congregation, seems to be thriving. I guess you know we have a\nChabad rabbi in Huntsville, Laibel Berkowitz.\n\nBERMAN: Who knew?\n\nMILLER: Who knew. Why is he here? I'm not sure, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody says he's a nice guy.\n\nBERMAN: Do any of your children . . . have they stayed in Huntsville?\n\nMILLER: No. Well, yes and no. My daughter married a Brazilian fellow.\n\nBERMAN: What's her name?\n\nMILLER: Isabel [sp]. She went to college at Northwestern [University--Evanston,\nIllinois]. He was at the Kellogg School [of Management--Evanston, Illinois]\ngetting his MBA [Master of Business Administration degree]. She met him probably\n10 years ago. They got married four years ago, moved ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Sao Paulo [Brazilian:\nSão Paulo]. We see them several times a year. Our daughter comes up twice a\nyear for extended periods, maybe three weeks or so. We've been down there a\ncouple of times. They're very active with their synagogue in Sao Paulo and with\nthe Jewish club there, which is the most amazing place I've ever seen in my\nlife. It is several city blocks, with a large wall around it. It's like an\noasis. Twenty thousand ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"members. They're active in that. I hope they come back. I\ndon't think they'll come back to Huntsville. The work he does . . . he's an\ninvestment banker. Huntsville is not the place for him, but anywhere in the\nUnited States would be better than what we've got now. My son is Louis Miller,\nnamed for my grandfather. He went to IU [Indiana University] in Bloomington.\nWhen he was a freshman or sophomore, he went on a Birthright trip. My daughter\nwent on one, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too. He was really taken with Israel, and he took a semester off.\nFortunately, he had enough AP [Advance Placement] credits where he could do that\nand still graduate on time. He went to Israel for six months for an ulpan, and\nthe next summer he went back as a volunteer on an ambulance. In December of\n2010, he made aliyah ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and went back to the kibbutz where he had been on the\nulpan. He was drafted and served two years in the sanchanim, the paratroopers.\nHe really enjoyed it. Last January, he came back, and he's working with us now.\nI still think his heart is in Israel. He's going back in November for reserve\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"duty. We'll see if it's permanent here, but it wouldn't surprise me if he went\nback. He's got so many friends there.\n\nBERMAN: So you don't have a next generation.\n\nMILLER: If Louis stays, he's the next generation. Other than Louis, we don't\nhave one.\n\nBERMAN: Does that make you sad that your family will not have a . . .\n\nMILLER: In a way it makes me sad, but I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want Louis to do what Louis wants to do,\nto do what makes him happy. If I knew he was doing something he wasn't happy\nwith, it would greatly outweigh any sense of sadness I had about the company not continuing.\n\nBERMAN: Right. I suppose I should ask you, before we get to the end of the\ninterview, how did you meet your wife?\n\nMILLER: Good question. I knew her in Sunday ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school. She was three grades younger\nthan me. Her older sister was a year ahead of me. I knew her in high school. It\nwas . . . at my sister's wedding . . . Sarah and Elizabeth's mother, Regina, got\nto talking. They said, \"We really ought to put Elizabeth and Sol together. Give\nthem an opportunity to meet each other.\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was in 1980, on July Fourth.\n[Elizabeth] had been living in Chicago, and she was in town. We went over . . .\nSarah, Joel, and I went over to see her, and that was the start of it. She moved\nto Nashville while I was there, and we got married in 1981. That's the story.\n\nBERMAN: A couple of other things. You mentioned that you're not so active in the\nsynagogue anymore, but growing up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was Judaism an important part of your home\nlife, like Passover seders and all of that?\n\nMILLER: Yes, it was very important. I may have been the only kid who really\nenjoyed going to Sunday school, but I really enjoyed it a lot. My father . . .\non Friday nights, we would have a service before dinner, light the candles,\ndrink wine, break the bread, and bless the children. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have such warm memories\nof that, and Passover at my grandparents' house. It was a small group of us.\nThere weren't many of us there, but just very happy memories of my grandfather\ndoing the seder and then later my father officiating at the seder. Then the\nfamily grew, and it got to be . . . now we've got the Denbos with us. We weren't\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"real regular synagogue attenders for a lot of years, but then we would go\nthrough periods where we would go all the time. In the summers, typically the\nrabbis would take off, and my father would lead the services and I would help\nhim. I have very good memories of that.\n\nBERMAN: A lot of families that we've talked to over the years said that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their\nreligious observances in the home were sometimes--the culinary part, the cooking\npart--a combination of Jewish cooking and Southern cooking. Do you remember any\nof that?\n\nMILLER: No. My mother was a wonderful cook. My grandmother was a wonderful cook,\nbut there was no Southern aspect to it that I recall.\n\nBERMAN: Did you have help in the home?\n\nMILLER: When I was a small kid we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did. We had a lady named Evelyn, who I was\nreally, really fond of. We did have help, but later on we didn't.\n\nBERMAN: Do you remember any of the interactions you had. I know there's all the\n. . . ever since the book The Help came out, but was she . . .\n\nMILLER: One thing that I remember in particular . . . She died when I was maybe\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nine or ten years old. She had cancer. I remember her sitting . . . she would\ncome to work, and she felt terrible. My mother said, \"You just sit on the porch,\nwhere it's cool,\" and she would just sit all day and read. I can remember one\ntime, and I didn't understand this at the time. We would go to Columbia [South\nCarolina] in the summers to visit my grandmother and my cousins and my uncle and\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"aunt, the Katzes, and Evelyn came with us once. I think she went . . . I just\nremember this one time in particular. My father went to Columbia to pick us up,\nand we drove back to Atlanta. I can remember we had lunch at the Heart of\nAtlanta Hotel or Motor Hotel, and she wasn't there with us. She had to find\nanother place to eat. I remember ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, but didn't understand the significance of\nit until much later. I can't remember any other interactions with her, since I\nwas so young when she died. I just remember that Sarah and I were very fond of her.\n\nBERMAN: If you could sum up your life in Huntsville in just ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few sentences,\nwhat would you like to say for posterity's sake?\n\nMILLER: I think it's been a very pleasant place to grow up in and to live in. I\nhave such warm memories of my family and the home life, of my friends. I still\nam close to a number of my friends from throughout my school years here. Some of\nmy best friends are those ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends. It's been a good place to live. It was a\nwonderful place to bring up our children. Our children went to the same school\nthat I went to those first four years. They were very happy growing up here. We\ntook them out of town a lot, took them [to] lots of different places, because\nyou can get pretty stagnant just staying in Huntsville. We made sure we traveled\nquite a bit with them from a very early ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"age. They have happy feelings about\nHuntsville, too.\n\nBERMAN: Do they come back for the holidays at all? I know your daughter is in\nBrazil, but . . . Did your son try to . . .\n\nMILLER: No. We didn't insist on it. No. I didn't want to be a drag on him. I\nfigured he had things he needed to do.\n\nBERMAN: Is there anything we haven't touched upon that you'd like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/transcript/23811/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to . . .\n\nMILLER: No. I think I've blabbed quite enough.\n\nBERMAN: I'd like to thank you very much. It's been a real pleasure.\n\nMILLER: Thank you very much for coming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2880.0,2910.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Army Corp of Engineers is a federal agency and is staffed by civilians and military personnel.  It is involved in public engineering, design and construction management.  It provides engineering services such as dredging waterways, flood control, building locks and dams.  It helps after disasters in the environmental sense.  It builds and maintains military bases.  They were established in 1775 when it had one engineer and two assistants.  In World War II, the built bridges and built roads vital to the Allied advance across Europe.  In the Pacific they were combat engineers who cleared jungle, prepared routes of advance and established bridgeheads for the infantry\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1879 as a Reform congregation.  The current building was dedicated in 1899.  It is the oldest synagogue building in continuous use in Alabama.  As of 2015 its current rabbi is Rabbi Elizabeth Bahar.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOrthodox Judaism is a traditional branch of Judaism that strictly follows the written Torah and the oral law concerning prayer, dress, food, sex, family relations, social behavior, the Sabbath day, holidays and more.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA division within Judaism especially in North America and the United Kingdom.  Historically it began in the nineteenth century.   In general, the Reform movement maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and compatible with participation in Western culture.   While the Torah remains the law, in Reform Judaism women are included (mixed seating, bat mitzvah and women rabbis), music is allowed in the services and most of the service is in English.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew Union College is the oldest Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main training seminary for rabbis, cantors, educators and communal works in Reform Judaism.  It has campuses in Cincinnati, New York, Los Angeles and Jerusalem.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the United States government agency responsible for the civilian space program as well as aeronautics and aerospace researched.  It was established in 1958.  Its missions have included the Apollo moon-landing missions, the Skylab space station and later the Space Shuttle.  Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBar mitzvah is Hebrew for ‘son of commandment.’  A rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day.  At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes.  He is now duty bound to keep the commandments, puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship.  He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA coming of age ritual that originated in the Reform movement which scorned the idea that at 13 years of age a child was an adult.  They replaced bar and bat mitzvah with a confirmation ceremony at about age 16 to 18.  In some Conservative synagogues the confirmation concept has been adopted as a way to continue a child’s Jewish education and involvement for a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEtz Chayim Synagogue was founded in 1964 as a Conservative congregation.  As of 2014, it had about 60 families as members.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA form of Judaism that seeks to preserve Jewish tradition and ritual but has a more flexible approach to the interpretation of the law than Orthodox Judaism.  It attempts to combine a positive attitude toward modern culture, while preserving a commitment to Jewish observance.   They also observe gender equality (mixed seating, women rabbis and bat mitzvahs).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Lord’s Prayer, also called the ‘Our Father’ and the ‘Pater Noster,’ is a venerated Christian prayer that, according to the New Testament, was taught by Jesus to his disciples.  The prayer begins, “Our father who art in heaven, hallowed by thy name.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965.  The name seems to have originated in the song “Jump Jim Crow,” a song-and-dance caricature of blacks performed by white actor Thomas D. Rice in blackface in 1832.  As a result of Rice’s fame, “Jim Crow” became a pejorative expression meaning “Negro” by 1838 and the later segregation laws became known as “Jim Crow” laws.  Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the southern state of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly “separate but equal” status for black Americans, although in reality this was not so. Some examples of Jim Crow laws are the segregation of public schools, places, and public transportation and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants and drinking fountains for whites and blacks.  Private businesses, political parties and unions created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring blacks from buying home in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. In the twentieth century, the Supreme Court began to overturn Jim Crow laws on constitutional grounds.  Rosa Parks defied the Jim Crows laws when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man, which became a catalyst to the Civil Rights movement.  Her actions, and the demonstrations that followed, led to a series of legislative and court decisions that contributed to undermining the Jim Crow system.  The Civil Rights Act of 1964 officially ended Jim Crow laws.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘daughter of commandment.’   A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday.  Many girls have their bat mitzvah around age 13, the same as boys who have their bar mitzvah at that age.  She is now duty bound to keep the commandments.  Synagogue ceremonies are held for bat mitzvah girls in Reform and Conservative communities, but it has not won the universal approval of Orthodox rabbis. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCongregation Beth Israel in Gadsden was firebombed on March 25, 1960.  Its windows were smashed during a Friday service.  Two members who rushed outside were wounded with a shotgun by the attacker, Jerry Hunt, a 16-year-old Nazi sympathizer. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCommonly known as ‘JFK.’  He was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until November 22, 1963 when he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.  He was a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1968.  Came to the office with the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963.  Often called ‘LBJ.’  He was a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe United States Senate is a legislative chamber in the bicameral legislature of the United States, and together with the U.S. House of Representatives makes up the U.S. Congress.  Each state has two elected senators who serve as representatives in the Senate.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘teaching. ‘Torah’ is a general term that covers all Jewish law including the vast mass of teachings recorded in the Talmud and other rabbinical works.  ‘Sefer Torah’ refers to the sacred scroll on which the first five books of the Bible (the Pentateuch) are written.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew: “in the beginning.”  The first word of the first weekly Torah portion (parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading; from the Book of Genesis, the first of the five books in the Hebrew Bible (tanakh). \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYoung Men’s Christian Association, commonly known as the ‘YMCA’ or the ‘Y.’  Worldwide organization founded in 1844 that aims to put Christian principles into practice by developing a health body, mind and spirit.  They offer recreational facilities, parent/child education programs, youth and teen development with after school programming, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eCamp Barney Medintz is a Jewish overnight summer camp located in Cleveland, GA.  It is owned and operated by the Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA network of local clubs that form Rotary International, an international association of professional and business men and women founded in the U.S. in 1905 to promote community service\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFreemasonry began in medieval Europe as a guild for stonemasons, but lives on as a social organization.  It traces its origins to the local fraternities of stonemasons, which from the end of the fourteenth century regulated the qualifications of masons and their interaction with authorities and clients. The Masonic Lodge is the basic organizational unit of Freemasonry.  The lodges are usually supervised and governed at the regional level by a Grand Lodge.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA fictional character in the 1960’s animated cartoons Rocky and His Friends and The Bullwinkle Show, collectively referred to as Rocky and Bullwinkle for short. He is voiced by Paul Frees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe International Services Council is a volunteer organization officially sponsored by city and county to provide international-related services to the community, e.g. information and referral in matters concerning countries, cultures, customs, embassies and consulates, and contacts with local international groups.  The Council provides professional programs for international visitors sponsored by the United States Department of State, including necessary protocol, and establishes contacts with community families for international military officers and their dependents.  The Council is affiliated with the National Council for International Visitors (NCIV) and the United States Department of State Office for International Visitors in Washington, D.C.  \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Christian organization founded by William and Catherine Booth in 1852 in London, England.  The Booths worked among the poor in the East End, seeking to bring salvation to the poor, destitute and hungry by meeting both their physical and spiritual needs.  Today it is in 126 countries, running charity shops, operating shelters for the homeless, and providing disaster relief and humanitarian aid to developing countries.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA German rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect (1912-1977) and one of the leading figures in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany during World War II and, subsequently, in the United States.  He is credited as being the “Father of Rocket Science.”  Von Braun was the central figure in the development of the design and realization of the V-2 rocket which used slave labor to build the rockets and which killed 9,000 civilians in England and Belgium in late 1944.  Some 12,000 slave laborers died in the production of the rockets.  After the war, he and some select members of his rocket team were brought to the United States as part of the then-secret Operation Paperclip.  He worked for NASA and served as director of the newly formed Marshall Space Flight Center and was the chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle, which took the astronauts to the Moon.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eToday’s Redstone Arsenal was originally formed as three separate entities in 1941 and 1942 as part of the War Department’s ramp-up for World War II, Huntsville Arsenal, Redstone Ordnance Plan (later Redstone Arsenal), and the Huntsville Chemical Warfare Depot (later Gulf Chemical Warfare Depot).  Once World War II ended, the focus shifted from production to the demilitarization and salvaging of munitions along with the deactivation of the huge manufacturing facilities at the arsenal complex.  In the 1950’s, with the arrival Wernher von Braun and his rocket team, the arsenal became the center of Army missilery and rocketry.  In the 1960’s, in support of the newly formed NASA, the Marshall Space Flight Center was established, focusing on putting a man on the moon.  Space and rocket and missile defense programs have continued to grow since that time, and NASA and Redstone Arsenal remain an important part of Huntsville’s economy.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFacebook is an online social networking service headquartered in Menlo Park, California.  It was launched in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University students.  The founders originally limited the membership to Harvard students, but later expanded it to other universities and then the private sector.  After registering to use the site, users create a profile, add other users as ‘friends,’ exchange messages, and share videos and images.  Facebook had over 1.44 billion monthly active users as of March 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA private college prep school chartered in 1959 in Huntsville Alabama.  It started in an antebellum home on Randolph Avenue in downtown Huntsville with just a few elementary classes.  Later it moved to Drake Avenue, and kept adding grades until the 1970’s.  They are currently expanding and moving again (2015).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGerman for leather breeches.  They can be either short of knee length.  Many had shoulder straps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945.  The party’s leader was Adolf Hitler. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois and anti-capitalist rhetoric.  In the 1930’s the party's focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes.  Racism was also central to Nazism.  The Nazis aimed to unite all Germans as national comrades, whilst excluding those deemed either to be community aliens or of a foreign race.  The Nazis sought to improve the stock of the Germanic people through racial purity and eugenics, broad social welfare programs, and a disregard for the value of individual life, which could be sacrificed for the good of the Nazi state and the ‘Aryan master race.’  The persecution reached its climax when the party-controlled German state organized the systematic murder of approximately 6,000,000 Jews and 5,000,000 from the other targeted groups.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe SS or Schutzstaffel was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. It began at the end of 1920 as a small, permanent guard unit known as the “Saal-Schutz” made up of Nazi Party volunteers to provide security for party meetings in Munich. Later, in 1925, Heinrich Himmler joined the unit, which had by then been reformed and renamed the “Schutz-Staffel.” Under Himmler’s leadership, it grew from a small paramilitary formation to one of the largest and most powerful organizations in the Third Reich. Under Himmler’s command, it was responsible for many of the crimes against humanity during World War II. After World War II, like the Nazi Party, it was declared a criminal organization by the International Military Tribunal and banned in Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eArthur Louis Hugo Rudolph (1906-1996) was a rocket engineer who played a key role in the development of the V-2 rocket and a former high-level Nazi given sanctuary by the United States government following World War II.  He worked for the Army and NASA where he managed the development of several important systems.  In 1974 he was investigated for possible war crimes, and he agreed to leave the United States and renounce his American citizenship in return for not being prosecuted in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNordhausen was also known as Mittelbau-Dora, Dora-Mittelbau or Nordhausen-Dora.  This was a camp system with about 40 sub-camps around the main camp of Mittelbau (or Dora).  It was established late in the war on August 28, 1943 to manufacture missiles and rockets.  The assembly place for the V-1 and V-2 missiles was actually inside a mountain for protection from air raids.  The prisoners worked underground building tunnels.  The workers were mostly miners and construction workers.  At its peak over 40,000 prisoners worked in the camp system.  They lived and worked underground, although at the end of 1944 some barracks were built outside the tunnels for the additional workers.  The conditions were catastrophic and the mortality rate was very high.  In early 1945 trainloads of weak and exhausting prisoners from Auschwitz-Birkenau and Gross-Rosen began arriving.  The dead were burned on pyres and the rest were separated into those who could still work a little more and those who were simply dumped in airplane hangars and left to die.  Some were shipped on to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and left to die.  On April 3 and 4, 1945, the Royal Air Force obliterated the city of Nordhausen and after that the evacuations began with senseless death marches to Bergen-Belsen, Ravensbruck and other camps and places as far away as Austria.  Nordhausen was liberated by the United States Army on April 11, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e‘Kike’ is a derogatory word used to refer to Jews.  It appears to have originated on Ellis Island when Jewish immigrants who were illiterate were asked to sign the entry forms with the customary ‘X.’  They refused as they associated the X with the Christian cross.  Instead they drew a circle as the signature on the entry forms.  The Yiddish word for ‘circle’ is ‘kikel’ and the little circle was called ‘kikeleh.’  Before long immigration inspectors began referring to anyone who signed ‘O’ instead of ‘X’ as ‘kikes.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eProverbs: 15:1:  “A gentle answer turns away wrath.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHe is referring to the ‘V weapons,’ which were the V1 and V2 rockets that were used by Germany at the end of World War II.  They were the world’s first cruise missiles. Although the research and development was done by Nazi scientists (including Dr. Wernher von Braun, who later was allowed to come to the United States and work in our space program) the actual work assembling the rockets was done by slave labor under murderous conditions at the Dora-Nordhausen complex.  Both rockets carried one ton of high explosives and neither could be aimed with much precision other than launching them in a general direction and preprogramming the engine to stop at a certain point so that they would fall into a general area.  The area of destruction of a V-2 was 800 to 1,200 yards wide.  The lack of precision was not a problem though as the weapons’ premier purpose was as a terror weapon.  There was no time for air raid sirens or to take shelter, they appeared at all times of the day or night (some 70 to 100 V-1s fell each day), and they fell randomly.  No one was safe anywhere at any time of the day or night from random death.  London and southern England was the premier target with nearly 8,000 V-1s falling on them, so much so that the period of time from June to August 1944 to was called the “Second Blitz.”  The V-2 rocket was more sophisticated. The V-2 was the world’s first long-range ballistic missile. It was developed during the Second World War in Germany as a “vengeance weapon,” designed to attack Allied cities in retaliation for Allied bombing of German cities. It looked a lot like our modern drones—a small airplane with a T-tail with an engine in it.  Nearly 1,000 V-2s fell on London and the surrounding area (as well as in Belgium) after September 1944.  In total the rocket weapon killed or wounded over 6,000 people and seriously injured and maimed another 18,000.   If they could not be shot down before they arrived there was little anyone on the ground could do about them, other than hope that when the noise of the engine stopped, it wasn’t right above you.  You may hear this sound at: http://www.flyingbombsandrockets.com/V1_into.html.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International (from Hebrew: “Children of the Covenant\") is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Shabbat [Hebrew] or Shabbos [Yiddish] is the Jewish day of rest and is observed on Saturdays.  Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities, often with great rigor, and engaging in restful activities to honor the day.  Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing.  It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two High Holy Days are Rosh Ha-Shanah (New Year’s) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eChabad-Lubavitch is a Chasidic movement in Orthodox Judaism.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTaglit-Birthright Israel is an organization that sponsors 10-day trips to Israel for young Jewish adults age 18-26, with the vision of strengthening Jewish identity, Jewish communities, and solidarity with Israel.   \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn ulpan is an institute or school for the intensive study of Hebrew.  The Hebrew word means “teaching” or “instruction.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAliyah is Hebrew for the immigration of Jews to Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA kibbutz is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture, although today they are also based on industrial plants and high­tech enterprises.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIndependence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from Great Britain (now part of the United Kingdom).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “order”; the ritual family meal eaten at home on the first and second nights of Passover, accompanied by the retelling of the story of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew: Pesach.  The anniversary of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage.  The holiday lasts for eight days.  Unleavened bread, matzah, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise.  On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday is celebrated.  The seder service is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.  In addition to eating matzah during the seder, Jews are prohibited from eating leavened bread during the entire week of Passover. In addition, Jews are also supposed to avoid foods made with wheat, barley, rye, spelt or oats unless those foods are labeled ‘kosher for Passover.’ Jews traditionally have separate dishes for Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/annotation_set/383/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Help (2009) was first a novel by Kathryn Stockett and then a film in 2011.  It is about a young white woman, Eugenia “Skeeter” Phelan, and her relationship with two black maids, Aibileen Clark and Minny Jackson, during the Civil Rights Era in 1963 Jackson, Mississippi.   It is actually about a book being written inside a book because it is written by Eugenia Phelan but is from the point of the view of the maids (referred to as “the help”), exposing the racism they are faced with as they work for white families.  The film received four Academy Award nominations.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2670.0,2700.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Sol Miller [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=18.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to begin by having you talk a little bit about your background, and when and how, or why, your family came to Huntsville [Alabama].","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=18.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"genealogy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hunstville, AL","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=18.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=460.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was the Jewish community like for them, your parents and maybe your grandparents?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=460.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Huntsville","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"synagogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=460.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prejudice","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=789.0,1534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was there ever an issue with you being Jewish?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=789.0,1534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"race relations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"racism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"segregation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=789.0,1534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans in Huntsville","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1534.0,2281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of my big questions that I've been saving up to ask is . . . I know Huntsville changed when the scientists arrived. Did your father talk about the effect that had on the Jews living in Huntsville or himself?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1534.0,2281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NASA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scientists","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wernher von Braun","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=1534.0,2281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2281.0,2892.003"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do any of your children . . . have they stayed in Huntsville?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2281.0,2892.003"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429/index/47745/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"courtship","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wife","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35889/file/106429#t=2281.0,2892.003"}]}]}]}