{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/416sx6656k/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hurwitz, Marilyn Goldstein"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2007-11-28 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Berman, Sandra (Interviewer)","Hurwitz, Marilyn (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Collection","Jewish Oral History Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Hurwitz was interviewed by Sandra Berman on November 28, 2007, in Marietta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Joan Goldstein was born in Chicago Illinois on February 13, 1931. She was the only child of Joseph and Dorothy Goldstein. As a young child, her parents moved to Marietta, Georgia, where Dorothy’s family lived. After she graduated from Marietta High School in 1947, Marilyn moved to Atlanta and attended the Atlanta Division of the University of Georgia. Then, in 1949, she married Atlanta native Alvin Howard Hurwitz (1928-1998). The couple had three daughters before they divorced. After they retired, Marilyn took over her parents’ fabric store in Marietta, the Mill End Store. She operated the store until she retired to Atlanta in 1992. Marilyn passed away on September 24, 2005, at the age of 94.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eMarilyn introduces her family and their experiences as a Jewish family in Marietta, Georgia in the early 1900s. She shares her mother's memories of the Leo Frank lynching and the following riots. Marilyn recalls incidences of antisemitism in Marietta. She talks about how her perspective changed when she left Marietta as a young adult and later returned. Marilyn considers enduring prejudices and how the perpetrators were viewed later. She describes how Marietta has changed. Marilyn reviews her family’s experiences. \u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Hurwitz was interviewed by Sandra Berman on November 28, 2007, in Marietta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarilyn Joan Goldstein was born in Chicago Illinois on February 13, 1931. She was the only child of Joseph and Dorothy Goldstein. As a young child, her parents moved to Marietta, Georgia, where Dorothy\u0026rsquo;s family lived. After she graduated from Marietta High School in 1947, Marilyn moved to Atlanta and attended the Atlanta Division of the University of Georgia. Then, in 1949, she married Atlanta native Alvin Howard Hurwitz (1928-1998). The couple had three daughters before they divorced. After they retired, Marilyn took over her parents\u0026rsquo; fabric store in Marietta, the Mill End Store. She operated the store until she retired to Atlanta in 1992. Marilyn passed away on September 24, 2005, at the age of 94.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarilyn introduces her family and their experiences as a Jewish family in Marietta, Georgia in the early 1900s. She shares her mother's memories of the Leo Frank lynching and the following riots. Marilyn recalls incidences of antisemitism in Marietta. She talks about how her perspective changed when she left Marietta as a young adult and later returned. Marilyn considers enduring prejudices and how the perpetrators were viewed later. She describes how Marietta has changed. Marilyn reviews her family\u0026rsquo;s experiences.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/289/579/small/1756657876_hurwitz_marilyn.m4v_1756657880.jpg?1756657881","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 1756657876_hurwitz_marilyn.m4v"]},"duration":1328.86087,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/289/579/small/1756657876_hurwitz_marilyn.m4v_1756657880.jpg?1756657881","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/289/579/original/1756657876_hurwitz_marilyn.m4v?1756657879","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1328.86087,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Hurwitz, Marilyn  [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Today is November 28, 2007. I am here with Marilyn Hurwitz, who has agreed to be interviewed for the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. Thank you, Marilyn, for agreeing to be here today. I would like to begin by asking you a little bit about your family and how they ended up in Marietta, Georgia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=5.0,26.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay. I had an aunt who was named … Well, first, Bertha Lehman that came to Marietta, and she had a sister, Anna Algasi, and they had a grocery store in Marietta. She had a daughter, Katie. My grandfather, through the years, would come in and out of Marietta. My uncle Bill was born in Atlanta in 1905. My grandmother was married in Atlanta in 1903. My mother was born, in Washington, D.C., Dorothy, in 1908. So, we call my grandfather the wandering Jew because he was in Marietta, Atlanta, Washington, Chicago [Illinois]. He just wandered a lot trying to find a business. He finally opened his business in Marietta in 1912, but he had done a lot of things in Marietta before that, but opened his business in 1912, which seemed to start doing very well. He and my grandmother had the business going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=26.0,103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e And what was his name and the name of the …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=103.0,107.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e His name was Philip Goldstein, and my grandmother was Mary. My grandmother passed away in August 1919. Philip remarried again in 1921 and started a whole new family. Somewhere in between, he moved to Chicago. My mother left when she was 16, but sometime in between there, he moved to Chicago and was back in Chicago until 1932. The mayor of Marietta, Mr. [Thomas Brumby, Jr.], looked him up in Chicago and asked him to come back to Marietta. That's when he and the family moved back. My mother did not come back until 1936.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=107.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, this is all very intriguing. So, getting back to when he was first in Marietta, what was the name of the store and what …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=159.0,167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Goldstein's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=167.0,169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=169.0,170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e A general store, and he had that … We're trying to figure it out. We do know that he opened it in 1912, and he was in Marietta in 1915. My grandmother, my grandfather, my mother, and my uncle were in their store. I guess … They didn't realize that my [great] aunts were Jewish, too, but the whole area around their store was ringed with people, very agitated people, and this was in 1915. My [great] aunt, who I said had been married three times [and] wasn't afraid of anything by this time, pushed through the crowd and got my grandfather, my grandmother, and the two children out and on the streetcar. And the crowd was so irate, they tried to turn the streetcar over.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=170.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Was this following the commutation of the sentence by the governor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=239.0,243.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e It was the day that they hung Leo Frank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=243.0,247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, it was that day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=247.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and they took the last streetcar out of Marietta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=250.0,254.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What was it like in Marietta before that? Were they happy there, and with their relations with the general population?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=254.0,262.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure that they were. [It was] a business situation because my grandfather spoke Jewish [Yiddish] with a Southern accent, but he was able to carry on his business and everything. But it was very tight, very hard. Mother said it was really hard to just get downtown in Marietta when this thing occurred.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=262.0,292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, they actually feared for their lives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=292.0,294.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, Marietta is the county seat of Cobb, and that's where they had the courthouse, which was very near my grandfather's store.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=294.0,307.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you know your grandfather personally? Did you know him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=307.0,310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=310.0,311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Did he talk about this incident with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=311.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e No, but my mother did. It kept bothering my mother. She was only seven at the time, but it left a lasting impression with her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=313.0,321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What other memories did she have of that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=321.0,325.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Just she was very uncomfortable. I know when I was in the third grade of school, at show and tell one time at school, somebody brought a piece of rope to school to show and tell that was a piece of the rope … Leo Frank … that … They had that. I will also say, in the latter part of 1980, I was traveling up the four-lane highway and turned onto a road and they were still … They had a [Ku Klux] Klan rally. This was the latter of 1980 and I was in bumper-to-bumper traffic at that time, trying to get through to see somebody. This is the latter part of 1980.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=325.0,378.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember what you thought when you saw that show and tell piece of the rope?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=378.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, it was horrible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=383.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you say anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=386.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e No, not in Marietta, you didn't. You just … I had the same second and third grade teacher that my mother did in school. That's how small town it was way back there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=388.0,402.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, living in Marietta, was there a common knowledge about who was involved with the lynching? Did you kind of know who was involved?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=402.0,414.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Not until I got older. I do know some people personally that were involved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=414.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you never … Your family did not really discuss that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=420.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=424.0,425.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Because you mentioned that one of the Brumbies asked your grandfather to return …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=425.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e He was involved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=433.0,434.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e … and he was involved. Well, how do you rationalize that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=434.0,440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Not only that, I used to have lunch about three times a week at this place in Marietta and some of the time, this gentleman would pick up my ticket for my lunch bill. His grandfather was the one that went to that fishing camp that they had, and he was the one that went to Milledgeville [Georgia] to pick up Leo Frank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=440.0,466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know who that was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=466.0,467.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I do. His name was Frasier. It's Tubby Frasier. He was with Dobbin's funeral home for many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=467.0,479.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Why do you think you picked up your lunch tab?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=479.0,482.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e He has always tried to be friendly to my folks and myself, but he told me that his family was originally from Germany. They were Jewish in Germany, but when they came over here, they converted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=482.0,505.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, after the family left on the streetcar, when did they return?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=505.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it was about three days before they returned. They stayed with friends in Atlanta, and it was about three day before they returned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=510.0,520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the atmosphere like then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=520.0,522.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e It was still very tight. It took quite a time for it to settle down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=522.0,530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the individuals that they were friendly with before, did anybody speak up on their behalf or …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=530.0,536.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I have no idea. As I said, they didn't talk about it a lot. We never did. I lived in Marietta until, I guess I was about 19 when I got married, and it was a foregone conclusion that … I mean, they knew I was Jewish. I went to school. I think I was about the first Jewish girl that ever graduated from Marietta High. But there was just a separation there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=536.0,569.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, in Marietta, no one ever talked about the lynching?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=569.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e [No], tried not to. It was more or less a subject that they really didn't want to get into, I guess. But you had that knowing feeling that it was something you didn't broach with anybody. You didn't broach it to somebody. It was just afterwards—I had a business in Marietta—that I got to know Tubby Frasier. He sat, and talked to me one day, and told me about his grandfather, and how they had gone to this fishing camp, and then on to Milledgeville to get him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=575.0,615.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you grew up in Marietta knowing that? When did you know that Leo Frank was lynched? When did you know the story?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=615.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Before the third grade because … Yes. Mother, I guess, told me some of the background before that, but I was very young and it really didn't make an impression at that time. I would say it made a big impression in the third grade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=630.0,652.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e When the boy …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=652.0,655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=655.0,655.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e [Yes]. [Yes]. Did you go home and ask questions about it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=655.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, I did, but I didn't get too many answers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=656.0,662.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Growing up in Marietta, did you have a lot of friends or was it difficult?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=662.0,667.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I had friends, but it was difficult. Really and truly, I was only in Marietta until I was about 16. Marietta had an 11-year system. I graduated and was at school. By the time it was my 17th birthday, I was at college.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=667.0,695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, did you feel like an outsider growing up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=695.0,698.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, but I had a real good family. I really did. [They were a]real close, real good family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=698.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you think of Marietta today?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=707.0,711.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e As I said, I had a business in Marietta until 1992. I retired in 1992. Let's just say I had a business there in 1980, where the Klan was on every corner of the street there. \u003cto someone off camera\u003e Did you say you were from Marietta? No. \u003cturns back to Berman\u003e But in 1980, in the latter part of 1980, something came up and they were on all the corners in the square.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=711.0,747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you feel threatened?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=747.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=748.0,751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it the same kind of Klan that there was in the early days, or was it more of …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=751.0,756.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e They had their complete uniform on with the crown, but they had to show their face, but they had their uniform on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=756.0,766.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e You do not remember what happened to … Any recollection of why they were on every street corner?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=766.0,774.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know what the reason was at that time, but they did it a couple of times. But I remember distinctly one time they were on every corner at the square.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=774.0,785.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What was your business?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=785.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I had a decorating place and a shop that made all kinds of things, which my folks had started there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=787.0,798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=798.0,799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e The Mill End Store. They were there from 1939. They opened their store.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=799.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Besides Mr. Frasier, did you make acquaintance or know any of the other people that today we know were involved?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=807.0,814.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I know the Brumbies, I guess, because the Brumbies were running the newspaper in Marietta, so I knew them, but nobody else except Frasier because he took time, I guess, trying to be friendly to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=814.0,834.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you think he felt guilty?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=834.0,836.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I would imagine that there would be some guilt there, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=836.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Did he ever discuss it directly with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=840.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, as I said, he told me about his family coming over from Germany, explained about his grandfather, what they did. I went to school with Tubby and when I came back, he was one of the people that was very nice to me when I went back to Marietta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=842.0,866.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e But did he address his grandfather's actual involvement? Did he talk about it in great detail?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=866.0,874.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, he did. He was saying …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=874.0,875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you elaborate on that a little bit more?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=875.0,878.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, he was just saying how they all got together, and went to that fishing camp, and evidently, it was fishing, and drinking, and having a good time before they went to Milledgeville.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=878.0,890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know where that was, the fishing camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=890.0,892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Somewhere near Kennesaw [Georgia].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=892.0,894.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Because I know they went there, again, after the lynching to get out …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=894.0,898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e But they were there before. I guess it was to rev them up, but they were there before, I guess in the planning stages of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=898.0,910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What can you tell me … I know it is a hard feeling to express, but when your mother spoke about it, could you still see the fear?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=910.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, she was still … The fear was still there definitely. She died when she was 72, and there were still remnants of it way back then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=924.0,940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, just to change the subject a little bit, I wanted to know, growing up in Marietta … So, you moved away when you were 16, but until then, did you come into Atlanta? Where did you go to synagogue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=940.0,953.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e [Ahavath Achim], and in fact, my grandfather went to AA. I have a little cute anecdote. My grandfather raised his own chickens in the backyard, and he had a cage that he took the chickens on the streetcar live to Atlanta to have them killed, and then he brought them back to Marietta. But that was way back when. He used to do it kosher and everything way in Marietta. So, I thought that was a … Can you imagine on the streetcar with the chickens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=953.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e That is great. And Goldstein's, is it still in the square?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=990.0,993.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e They have just recently … My uncle [Herbert Goldstein] sold it, but it was there for many years. My uncle had it, I guess, until maybe six years ago, seven years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=993.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it general merchandise still?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1009.0,1011.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e He changed it to a men and boys' shop, but mainly it was a general store, and you could get everything in it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1011.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Your uncle, did he talk much about the Frank case or the relationship between the Jews and the non-Jews in Marietta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1023.0,1030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Not really. Well, really and truly, that was like in my grandfather's first family because then, my grandfather remarried in 1921, and he had a second family. So, they weren't really exposed to it as much as my aunts and my grandfather in the first family part of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1030.0,1053.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e And your nephew … [Yes]. [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1053.0,1055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e [Yes].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1055.0,1055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e [Yes]. [Yes]. … has gotten very involved in Marietta politics, has he not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1055.0,1058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, he has. Well, Philip owns a tremendous amount of property in Marietta. In fact, I'd say a good third of the square. So, we might call it Goldstein soon. But that was from his daddy. His father used to buy property in Marietta, and they owned a great deal of property there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1058.0,1085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e I spoke with him in length about this also, and he suggested that you would be much more knowledgeable about …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1085.0,1094.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Philip has an extensive family tree of the whole family, and he's checked it. My father in Chicago and my aunts that were there prior to my grandfather coming there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1094.0,1114.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What year did you move back from Chicago?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1114.0,1116.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In 1936.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1116.0,1119.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you were in Marietta, you went up north, and then you came back. What was that like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1119.0,1125.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e That was my grandfather that did that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1125.0,1127.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e No, what year did you come back?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1127.0,1129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e My mother left Marietta when she was 16 and went to Chicago to live with family up there in Chicago, and met my father, and then she brought him back to Marietta in 1936. We came back in 1936, and they ultimately opened their store in 1939.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1129.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e What was your … So, how long did you live in Chicago?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1149.0,1154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I was born in Chicago, and then came back to Marietta in 1936, and started school there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1154.0,1164.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, so you basically pretty much grew up in Marietta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1164.0,1169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, that was my hometown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1169.0,1175.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you like the changes that have been happening in Cobb County? It is kind of a different Marietta and a different Cobb County now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1175.0,1184.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e That's just like Atlanta. If you don't … Because this morning, seeing all that's happening down … I may live here, but coming downtown to Atlanta is a big thing, to travel around here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1184.0,1201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e But do you like the changes? Do you like what has happened in the county with all the new people, all the people and all the …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1201.0,1207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e It's wonderful to see the shuls [Yiddish: synagogues] that are out there. I've been to them, and it's good to see that. I like to see it in Marietta. As I say, we go back to 1900 on my grandmother's side in Marietta, and her two sisters had the business. As I said, the one was married three times. How, we don't know, but she married three times and lived in Marietta, and then also, I think, [Tallapoosa or] someplace in South Georgia. She had a husband there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1207.0,1245.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Just for the purpose of this taping for our exhibition, could you describe again how your mother described the crowd, the mob, and …","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1245.0,1258.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e It was sheer panic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1258.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Start from the beginning, and just try to go back in time, and remember how she described it to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1260.0,1268.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e She said it was sheer panic and that my grandfather and grandmother had put them into the very back in the store and was trying to hide them in their store because there was such a crowd outside. I don't think they would have left the store if my aunt hadn't come in to get them. They may have perished at that time because the crowd was so angry and irritated. They really wouldn't have let my grandfather out of the store, but as I said, this aunt who pushed her way through didn't take any … no-nonsense situation. She got the family on the streetcar and even then, they almost turned over the streetcar. The people were so irate at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1268.0,1318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I thank you very much. You're very welcome. You're very welcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1318.0,1321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e You're very welcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1321.0,1321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e You're very welcome. You're very welcome. I am very appreciative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1321.0,1323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHurwitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know if this will help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1323.0,1324.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/transcript/88998/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBerman:\u003c/strong\u003e It helped quite a bit. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1324.0,1327.5"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarietta is a city located in Cobb County, Georgia, approximately 18 miles (29 kilometers) northwest of Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=5.0,26.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Klein sisters, Mary (1881–1919), Bertha (1875–1942), and Annie (1878–1939), immigrated to the United States from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. All three navigated nomadic paths through the country but established deep roots in the South. Annie was married to Israel Algasi (1874–1943). Bertha had three husbands. Her first marriage to David Brenner (1879-1944) produced one daughter, Katie Brenner Finkelstein (1900-1990). She then married merchant Abraham Lehman (1860-1925). All three sisters and their husbands settled in or near Marietta around 1910. Following Lehman’s death, Bertha married Israel Mitnick (1861-1934) and relocated to Tallapoosa, before ultimately retiring to Atlanta. Meanwhile, Annie and Israel eventually retired to Florida near their niece, Katie.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=26.0,103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1912 by Romanian immigrant Philip M. Goldstein (1878-1956), Goldstein’s was a cornerstone of the Marietta Square for nearly a century. Uniquely, the business operated on all four sides of the Square during its 94-year tenure, managed by Philip alongside his wives, Mary Klein Goldstein (1881-1919) and Rose Schwartz Goldstein (1899-1967), and their six children. In 1946, Philip’s son Herbert S. Goldstein (1923-2017) assumed leadership, later transforming the general store into \"Goldstein’s Men’s and Boys’ Shop,\" a premier local clothier. While the retail business closed in 2006, the Goldstein family continues to shape the city’s landscape through historic property stewardship and decades of dedicated civic leadership.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=26.0,103.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip Goldstein (1878–1956), born Ephraim Goldstein in Romania, immigrated to New York City in 1900 before settling in Marietta, Georgia. Around 1912, he and his first wife, Mary Klein (1881–1919), established Goldstein’s, a general store that would remain a beloved family-run institution on Marietta Square for 94 years. Following Mary’s death, with whom he had two children, Philip married Rose Lee Schwartz (1899–1967) and had four more children. He later retired to Atlanta and was an active member of the Ahavath Achim synagogue.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=107.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThomas Micajah Brumby, Jr. (1878-1938) was a Marietta businessman and civic leader. He assumed leadership of the family business, the Brumby Chair Company in 1923, and successfully guided the firm through the economic hardships of the Great Depression. He also delved into politics as a councilman and served five consecutive terms as mayor, from 1929 until his death. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=107.0,159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Atlanta Northern Railway was an 18 mile (29 kilometer) electric streetcar line that connected downtown Atlanta and Marietta, as well as intermediate towns. Its terminus was in Marietta Square. It operated from 1905 until 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=170.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1913, Jewish factory superintendent Leo Max Frank (1884-1915) was accused of raping and murdering a 13-year-old girl from Marietta named Mary Phagan at Atlanta’s National Pencil Company. Frank was arrested, tried, convicted and sentenced to death for her murder. The trial was the catalyst for a great outburst of antisemitism led by the populist Tom Watson and the center of powerful class and political interests. Frank was sent to Milledgeville State Penitentiary to await his execution. After two years of failed appeals by Frank, Governor John M. Slaton, believing there had been a miscarriage of justice, commuted his sentence to life in prison. This prompted the “Knights of Mary Phagan,” a group of 25 prominent men—including ex-Governor Joseph M. Brown, Judge Newton Augustus Morris, Solicitor General Eugene Herbert Clay, Legislator John Tucker Dorsey, businessman Bolan Glover Brumby, and attorney Fred Morris—to put a highly organized plan into motion. Telling their wives they were going fishing, they caravanned to the state prison in Milledgeville, Georgia. They stormed the prison with guns, and meeting no resistance from the prison staff, kidnapped Frank from his cell, and drove him the 100 miles back to Frey’s Gin, a site about two miles east of Marietta Square. At 7:05 on the morning of August 17, 1915, the men, assisted by other farmers and merchants hung Frank from a large oak tree. An increasingly unruly crowd of 3,000 men, women and children soon gathered to celebrate, some taking pieces of the rope and Frank's clothing as souvenirs.  Undertakers had to wrestle Frank’s body away before it could be further battered. Ironically, Judge Morris, who had kicked the table out from under Frank’s feet at the lynching, was credited with bringing calm to the scene as the body was taken away. Despite the perpetrators’ well-known identities, none were ever indicted and their family names still resonate in high places and adorn prominent buildings across Georgia. Decades later, it was revealed that witness Jim Conley had committed the murder and framed Frank. Consequently, on March 11, 1986, the State of Georgia granted Frank a posthumous pardon, acknowledging the state's failure to protect him, though it stopped short of a full exoneration.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=243.0,247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eYiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=262.0,292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or Knights of the Ku Klux Klan today, also referred to as the KKK) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-Black secret society, whose methods have included terrorism and murder. It was founded in the South in the 1860s and then died out and has come back several times, most notably in the 1920s, and then again in the 1960s during the civil rights era. When it was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain. In the past, its members dressed up in white robes and pointed hoods designed to hide their identity and to terrify. It is still in existence.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=325.0,378.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBolan Glover Brumby (1876-1948) and James Remley Brumby, Jr. (1882-1949) were brothers who participated in the 1915 lynching of Leo Frank. Bolan was a prominent businessman who operated the Marietta Chair and Table Company. Bolan was also a key conspirator and influential member of the group that plotted the lynching. His younger brother, James Remley Brumby, Jr. (1882-1949) served as a Marietta city councilman twice and then as mayor from 1916 until 1922, when he resigned during his fourth term. He owned a garage that serviced the \u003cbr\u003eautomobiles used to bring Frank from Milledgeville to Marietta the night he was lynched. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=425.0,433.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMilledgeville is a city in Baldwin County in Georgia. It is northeast of Macon and bordered on the east by the Oconee River.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=440.0,466.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMayes Ward Dobbins Funeral Home is a family-owned Marietta institution formed in 1983 by the union of Dobbins Funeral Home and Mayes Ward Funeral Home (founded 1929). Dobbins Funeral Home was established in 1923 by John S. Dobbins and Albert Dobbins. It was located on Cherokee Street directly adjacent to where the current funeral home is today. In 1983, Albert Dobbins sold Dobbins Funeral Home to Mayes Ward Funeral Home, which is today, Mayes Ward Dobbins Funeral Home. Today, the funeral home is still family owned and operated by the Pendley family.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=467.0,479.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHerbert “Tubby” Leroy Frasier (1930-2008) was a Marietta native and Army veteran who was employed as an undertaker at Dobbins Funeral Home for many years. It is unclear which side of his family was originally Jewish and which of his grandfathers he believed to have been involved in the Leo Frank lynching. At the time of the lynching, his paternal grandfather, William Jefferson Frasier (1872-1934), was living in Rome, about 40 miles (64 kilometers) northwest of Marietta. However, his maternal grandfather, John D. Sauls (1870-1950), was a farmer living in Marietta at the time.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=467.0,479.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1892, Marietta High School is the only public high school serving the Marietta City School District within the city limits.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=536.0,569.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMarietta Square, also called Glover Park, is a park and traditional city center in Marietta, Georgia, United States. When the Cobb County courthouse burned in 1848, Mayor John Glover donated the land to the city on the condition that it would stay a park or return to its heirs. Since then, the new courthouse has moved to its existing location, across the street from the southeast corner of the park.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=711.0,747.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Goldstein (1903-1987) and Dorothy Goldstein (1908-1981) first opened the Mill End Store in 1939. While it offered a diverse array of home goods, it was most renowned for its vast selection of fabrics. Named for its original location at 205 Mill Street, the shop moved through various downtown sites and eventually passed to their daughter, Marilyn Goldstein Hurwitz (1931-2005), who managed the store until its closure in 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=799.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOtis Arnoldus Brumby (1889–1953) was the fourth son of Thomas M. Brumby (1858–1925), a co-founder of the Brumby Chair Company. In 1916, Otis founded the Cobb County Times, later serving as vice president of the family business and president of the Georgia Press Association. Following the 1951 merger of his paper with the Marietta Daily Journal, he chaired the combined company until his death. His son, Otis A. Brumby Jr. (1939–2012), became publisher in 1967, expanded operations with the Neighbor Group in 1969, and held leadership roles in state education and transportation boards as well as the Georgia Press Association. He was succeeded by his son, Otis Brumby III, who continues to publish the newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=814.0,834.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKennesaw is a suburban city northwest of Atlanta in Cobb County, Georgia, located within the greater Atlanta metropolitan area. Known from its original settlement in the 1830s until 1887 as Big Shanty, it became Kennesaw under its 1887 charter. It is approximately seven miles (11 kilometers) north-northwest of Marietta.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=892.0,894.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAhavath Achim Synagogue (often referred to as \"AA\") was founded as an Orthodox congregation in 1887 in a small room on Gilmer Street. In 1901 they moved to a permanent building at the corner of Piedmont Avenue and Gilmer Street. In 1921, the congregation constructed a synagogue at Washington Street and Woodward Avenue. It joined the Conservative movement in 1952. The final service in the Washington Street building was held in 1958 to make way for construction of the Downtown Connector (the concurrent section of Interstate 75 and Interstate 85 through Atlanta). The synagogue moved to its current location on Peachtree Battle Avenue in 1958. As of 2022, Ahavath Achim is the largest Conservative synagogue in the Atlanta area, and its current Senior Rabbi is Laurence Rosenthal.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=953.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKashrut is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). Jews who keep kosher buy their meats from a shochet, which is an adult male Jew who is trained and accredited by a rabbinic authority to slaughter animals in a way prescribed by Jewish dietary laws to avoid pain to the animal as much as possible, and to safeguard the health of the consumer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=953.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePhilip Michael Goldstein (b. 1959) is a prominent Marietta businessman and politician who served on the City Council for nearly four decades (1980–2017). The son of Herbert and Mary Stewart Goldstein, he earned degrees from the University of Georgia and John Marshall Law School before serving as a prosecutor in the Cobb County Solicitor General’s Office. He has also served on the board of directors and as President of the Georgia Municipal Association. Alongside his wife, Elise, he raised two sons, Joseph and David. Joseph now continues his family’s legacy of service and has been on the Marietta City Council since 2018. The Breman Museum houses the Philip M. Goldstein papers, which include family photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1058.0,1085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579/annotation_set/2281/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 2008, the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum curated an exhibit called “Seeking Justice: The Leo Frank Case Revisited,” which later toured museums through the country.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/158878/file/289579#t=1245.0,1258.0"}]}]}]}