{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/3n20c4t17k/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Goldsmith, Margaret Anne"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2011-05-24 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith interviewed by Sandra Berman on May 24, 2011 in Huntsville, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith was born in Huntsville, Alabama to Lawrence Goldsmith, Jr. and Marguerite Newton Goldsmith. She was raised by her grandparents, Annie and Lawrence Goldsmith, Sr., who have roots in Germany. Her grandparents came to Huntsville from New York in the late 1800s to build the Dallas Mill, one of the first cotton mills. Margaret’s grandfather developed the Russel Erskin Hotel in Huntsville, where Margaret lived with her grandmother until they moved to a house when Margaret was 12 years old.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHer family belonged to the Temple in Huntsville and attended High Holy Days services, but her family didn’t light candles or have Sabbath at home. The Jewish Sunday school was started in Huntsville in the 1950s. The Temple’s first full-time rabbi was in the early 1960s. Her family belonged to a non-Jewish country club.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret attended prep school in Washington, DC, at the age of 15. She attended Mount Vernon Seminary. She graduated from H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, where she met her husband, John Jerome Hanaw. They married in 1963 and have three children, John Hanaw, Barbara Hanaw Wyso, and Laurie Hanaw Rothschild.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret belonged to the Jewish Endowment Foundation Board in New Orleans. She remained in New Orleans until 1995 when she returned to Huntsville after her father’s passing. She established a nature preserve on the Flint River in Huntsville named in memory of her ancestors who were early settlers of the area. The Goldsmith-Schiffman Elementary School in Huntsville is named for her ancestors.\u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith begins the interview talking about her grandparents who came to Huntsville, Alabama, from New York, and built the Dallas Mill. She relates that the Dallas Village homes are still standing and is now a designated historic district. She relates other contributions and legacies of her grandparents include helping the founding of Huntsville Hospital in 1898 and starting the boy scouts in the area. She relates that her grandmother organized the United Charities to feed the poor in Huntsville.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret speaks about her childhood and what it was like to grow up in a hotel. She remembers that it was a lovely hotel with a grand ballroom and a lobby. Margaret relates that she had number of childhood friends and have remained friends. She talks about being raised by her nurse, Cora Barley Binford, who she has remained in close contact with. She recalls going to movies and sitting in the balcony with Cora, the designated black section, and reflects that she did not understand why they couldn’t sit downstairs.  She remembers going with Cora to visit her mother, who lived down the street, and playing with Cora’s nieces and nephews.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret describes Hunstville as a small Jewish community and speaks of the history of the earliest Jewish families in Huntsville dating from 1859. Margaret traces their contributions to the business and Jewish community. She tells that the Jewish Sunday school was started in the 1950 and remembers the first full-time rabbi at the Temple in the early 1960s. She recalls rabbis talking about integration and the need to be positive and proactive. She recalls her parents discussing it and their concern about their own vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eShe speaks about her achievements as a contributor with a Charitable Trust for the Jewish Foundation for education in Alabama and emergency needs of the international Jewish community in Israel and throughout the world. She talks about establishing a nature preserve on the Flint River in Huntsville in memory of her ancestors who were early settlers of the area. Margaret talks about attending H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College of Tulane University, where she met her husband, John Jerome Hanaw. She talks about their three children, their Jewish identities, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28377"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith interviewed by Sandra Berman on May 24, 2011 in Huntsville, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith was born in Huntsville, Alabama to Lawrence Goldsmith, Jr. and Marguerite Newton Goldsmith. She was raised by her grandparents, Annie and Lawrence Goldsmith, Sr., who have roots in Germany. Her grandparents came to Huntsville from New York in the late 1800s to build the Dallas Mill, one of the first cotton mills. Margaret’s grandfather developed the Russel Erskin Hotel in Huntsville, where Margaret lived with her grandmother until they moved to a house when Margaret was 12 years old.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHer family belonged to the Temple in Huntsville and attended High Holy Days services, but her family didn’t light candles or have Sabbath at home. The Jewish Sunday school was started in Huntsville in the 1950s. The Temple’s first full-time rabbi was in the early 1960s. Her family belonged to a non-Jewish country club.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret attended prep school in Washington, DC, at the age of 15. She attended Mount Vernon Seminary. She graduated from H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, where she met her husband, John Jerome Hanaw. They married in 1963 and have three children, John Hanaw, Barbara Hanaw Wyso, and Laurie Hanaw Rothschild.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret belonged to the Jewish Endowment Foundation Board in New Orleans. She remained in New Orleans until 1995 when she returned to Huntsville after her father’s passing. She established a nature preserve on the Flint River in Huntsville named in memory of her ancestors who were early settlers of the area. The Goldsmith-Schiffman Elementary School in Huntsville is named for her ancestors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Anne Goldsmith begins the interview talking about her grandparents who came to Huntsville, Alabama, from New York, and built the Dallas Mill. She relates that the Dallas Village homes are still standing and is now a designated historic district. She relates other contributions and legacies of her grandparents include helping the founding of Huntsville Hospital in 1898 and starting the boy scouts in the area. She relates that her grandmother organized the United Charities to feed the poor in Huntsville.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret speaks about her childhood and what it was like to grow up in a hotel. She remembers that it was a lovely hotel with a grand ballroom and a lobby. Margaret relates that she had number of childhood friends and have remained friends. She talks about being raised by her nurse, Cora Barley Binford, who she has remained in close contact with. She recalls going to movies and sitting in the balcony with Cora, the designated black section, and reflects that she did not understand why they couldn’t sit downstairs.  She remembers going with Cora to visit her mother, who lived down the street, and playing with Cora’s nieces and nephews.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMargaret describes Hunstville as a small Jewish community and speaks of the history of the earliest Jewish families in Huntsville dating from 1859. Margaret traces their contributions to the business and Jewish community. She tells that the Jewish Sunday school was started in the 1950 and remembers the first full-time rabbi at the Temple in the early 1960s. She recalls rabbis talking about integration and the need to be positive and proactive. She recalls her parents discussing it and their concern about their own vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eShe speaks about her achievements as a contributor with a Charitable Trust for the Jewish Foundation for education in Alabama and emergency needs of the international Jewish community in Israel and throughout the world. She talks about establishing a nature preserve on the Flint River in Huntsville in memory of her ancestors who were early settlers of the area. Margaret talks about attending H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College of Tulane University, where she met her husband, John Jerome Hanaw. She talks about their three children, their Jewish identities, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/264/small/Goldsmith_MargaretAnne.mp4_1612896854.jpg?1612878855","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Goldsmith_MargaretAnne.mp4"]},"duration":6996.091,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/264/small/Goldsmith_MargaretAnne.mp4_1612896854.jpg?1612878855","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/264/original/Goldsmith_MargaretAnne.mp4?1612878848","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":6996.091,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Margaret Anne Goldsmith [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is May 24, 2011. I'm with Margaret Anne Goldsmith, who has agreed\nto participate in the Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project of the\nWilliam Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. My name is Sandy Berman. I am the\narchivist at the Museum. I'm very pleased to have this time to be with you and\nto have the opportunity to interview you about your family, your roots, your\nconnections, your life in Huntsville [Alabama]. I'd like to begin by just asking\nyou ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some basic questions: your name, where you were born, when you were born,\nand a little bit . . . I'm not going to interrupt because I know that you can\nstart telling me about your family background, the families that first came here\nand how far back your roots go in Huntsville. If you can begin . . . a little\nbit about yourself and then going back to the family.\n\nGOLDSMITH: My name is Margaret Anne Goldsmith. I was born October 6, 1941 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in\nHuntsville [Alabama] at the Huntsville Hospital. I lived here until I went away\nto prep school in Washington, D.C. I went to Mount Vernon Seminary for the last\ntwo years. Then I went to [H. Sophie] Newcomb [Memorial] College of Tulane\nUniversity [New Orleans, Louisiana] for four years and graduated. Then after\ngraduation I married John Jerome Hanaw of New Orleans [Louisiana]. [I] lived\nthere until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1995, then I returned to Huntsville when my father had passed away\nto take care of family business. During the time that I was in New Orleans, I\nworked for the Welfare Department and then Traveler's Aid right after college.\nJobs were very limited in those days for ladies. I started taking real estate\ncourses after my children were born . . . real estate appraisal . . . to prepare\nmyself for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the job that I knew I would eventually have here in Huntsville. I had\nthree children. The eldest is John who lives in Jerusalem [Israel]. His name now\nis Yonah Hanaw, and he has five children . . . five grandchildren there, and my\nlovely daughter-in-law, Brocha. They live in Mekor Baruch, which is near Mea\nShearim [in Jerusalem, Israel]. Then my second daughter ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is Bobbie . . . Barbara\nWyso, and she's married to Marc, who . . . Marc is not Jewish, but they are\nraising their children Jewishly. They have two little boys, Ezra Eugene and Ilan\nIsaac. Then my third is Laurie. Laurie is married to Charles Rothschild. They\nchanged their name to Lev, so she is Laurie ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hanaw Lev . . . he is Charles\nRothschild Lev . . . because they wanted a Hebrew name. They have two children:\ntwo little boys, Shalem Emet Lev and Reuben Ari Lev.\n\nBERMAN: That's a wonderful family . . . and your parents' names?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Our parents . . . Lawrence Goldsmith Jr. . . . Lawrence Bernstein\nGoldsmith Jr. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My natural mother was Marguerite Newton Goldsmith. She wasn't well\nand my father got custody of me when I was less than a year old. Then I was\nraised by my father. We lived with my grandparents, Annie and Lawrence Goldsmith\nSr., for years. There was a wonderful woman in my life during that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time. Her\nname was Cora Barley Binford. We lived in the Russel Erskin Hotel during the\nwinter and the 206 Gates [Avenue] house in the summer. When I was . . . first,\nwhen daddy first got custody of me . . . I was a little baby but just beginning\nto stand up, I had a nurse who took care of me all the time. Her name was Alice.\nAlice was old and Alice ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really wasn't able to take care of me. Cora was a maid\non the hall [11th floor]. Cora would come in and play with me all the time. In\nfact, she would tell me that I was so upset when she would leave that she had to\nget down on the floor and crawl out of the door so that I wouldn't have a fit.\nThat summer following, my grandmother . . . Alice told my grandmother that she\ncouldn't take ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"care of me anymore. My grandmother had a fit. \"What am I going to\ndo?\" [Alice] said, \"Don't worry, Margaret Anne has found my replacement.\" As\nCora said, \"God was in the plan and he led us to each other.\" It was just a\nmarvelous relationship; she was indeed a mother to me all those years . . . very\nbright, very capable. She got her GED [General Educational Development] while\nshe was taking care of me, married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a fellow who was a minister and an educator.\nThey had a marvelous life together. But Cora and I stayed in contact through the\nyears. When she died . . . in an African-American funeral people talk . . .\nthere's usually a child from the family talks, a neighbor and so on. So I was\nthe child. I spoke and I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gave her obituary.\n\nBERMAN: Did she have any of her own children?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No children. She did marry, but she had had an operation as a younger\nwoman which was often . . . [it] often happened if there was some kind of\nproblem . . . she couldn't have any children.\n\nBERMAN: So you really were her child.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes. She referred to me as her daughter and I referred to her as\nmother in later years. So my father remarried . . . he married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewel Shelton,\nwho had been married previously. But also Jewel had . . . they were unable to\nhave children. She had had that same surgery. I was 12 years old when they\nmarried. We moved from my grandparents in the Hotel . . . to the house on Gates\nStreet. That was just wonderful for me to have a mother that I hadn't had. That\nwas . . . I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"12. Then when I was 15, I went away to prep school, for 16 and\n17 [years of age]. So then I had some wonderful years there at home. Then it\nseemed after I went away [that] I was just away forever because then there was\ncollege and working after college and marrying, then raising my children, and\nthen coming back here in 1995.\n\nBERMAN: Let's go back even further . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: All right.\n\nBERMAN: . . . and talk a little bit about how ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your original couple of families .\n. . there's a few we're going to get to . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right.\n\nBERMAN: . . . came here [to Huntsville] originally. The Hersteins, the\nBernsteins, the Schiffmans and I guess the Goldsmiths . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . and the Goldsmiths. So all of . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . also. Let's start with the first ones.\n\nGOLDSMITH: The Bernsteins were probably the first. There's no record in\nHuntsville when these early Jews came because our city directories were burned\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the earliest one is 1859. That directory shows that Robert Herstein was here\nin business with a fellow by the name of Smith . . . Smith and Herstein. They\nwere actually renting this building that we are in now because I have a picture\nin the collection that shows Smith and Herstein. He had a dry goods store. He\nwas married to Rosa Blimline ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Baltimore. I have a little flower basket that\ndocuments their marriage in 1859 at the Har Sinai congregation, which was one of\nthe very early Reform congregations in Baltimore [Maryland].\n\nBERMAN: A quick question: do you have any idea how he met her . . . how they got together?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I would think that he probably came through Baltimore on his way or\nhis family may have settled in Baltimore earlier, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he made his way to\nHuntsville and went back there to fetch her.\n\nBERMAN: Fetch her.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes. They married and came back here. They bought a house eventually\non Madison Street that I will show you tomorrow. Robert was an alderman and\nduring Reconstruction he was Treasurer of city government. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He and Morris\nBernstein were on the bank board. I have reference to that in the collection,\nwhich was interesting that they would have made that transition so early. So\nthat was Robert Herstein. But I got ahead because we were talking about Morris\nBernstein. So Morris . . . he came from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hannover, Germany. He had been a\nwatchmaker. He had learned watchmaking in Switzerland as a young man. I'm not\nsure where he went first because I have no record of how these early Jews . . .\ntheir settling in America . . . but he came to Huntsville. He met Henrietta\nNewman and they married. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is documented in 1854.\n\nBERMAN: She was another member of another family . . . that was already here.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes, the Newman family had come . . . I don't know when they came.\nThey're buried in the cemetery. But that family--other than\nHenrietta--acculturated. Morris--like Robert--was also on the bank board. Morris\nwas very astute in business. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather always said that he [Morris] knew\nthat the South would lose the war . . . he just had that intuition. He invested\neverything he could in real estate. There are several houses and buildings\naround that he had constructed. He left quite an estate. But he began with his\nlittle watch repair shop on the south side of the [Court House] Square. We're on\nthe east side, so the south side is over there.\n\nBERMAN: So ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he did not have the problem with all those Confederate dollars that\nso many people had?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Correct. Robert also invested in property, so they were able to get\nthrough those years and play a part in the development of Huntsville. They were\nvery accepted judging from the fact that they were on the bank board. I'm not\nsure if they were Masons ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or not. All right. So then there were the Goldsmiths.\nThe Goldsmiths . . .\n\nBERMAN: Did the Schiffmans come before the Goldsmiths?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Those were uncles . . . so the Goldsmiths . . . David and Henrietta\nwere also great-great-grandparents, but they were in New York. They had settled\nin New York. That's where their son Oscar Goldsmith was born. Oscar came here. I\nwant to go back, but I just wanted to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bring in the Goldsmiths. Oscar moved here\n. . . came here on business, met his wife, Betty Bernstein and stayed here. In\nmuch later years, they . . . [ringing phone interrupts interview] . . . In later\nyears they brought David and Henrietta Goldsmith here. So they lived with them .\n. . the Goldsmiths lived with the Goldsmiths. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They died here. So . . . all of\nthese ancestors are buried in Maple Hill Cemetery. So that's how the Goldsmiths\ngot here . . . the Bernsteins, the Hersteins, and the Goldsmiths. The\nSchiffmans. Daniel and Solomon Schiffman were great-great-uncles. They came from\nBirkenfeld, Germany . . . from that area . . . . Hoppstadten and Birkenfeld.\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They came through Kentucky because I have a Masonic order document that shows\nthat Solomon received that in Kentucky. So they came to Huntsville. This was\nslightly before the Civil War, but somewhat later Solomon had a store on the\nnorth side of the [Court House] Square. He was in the dry goods ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business.\nDaniel, I think . . . I'm not real sure about Daniel . . . if he was in business\nwith Solomon . . . but I know that my father mentioned he had . . . a mule barn\nand so on. Daniel died rather young. He had married twice. He had two sets of\nchildren, but he died young. I know more about Solomon because Solomon and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his\nwife, Bertha, had no children. They brought my great-grandfather, Isaac, over\nfrom Germany to live with them and help them in the store . . . I suppose to be\na son . . . to help take care of them in their old age. Isaac worked for Solomon\nin the dry goods store until Solomon died around 1898. At that point, Isaac\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bought this building that we're in. He bought it in 1905.\n\nBERMAN: Daniel fought for the Confederacy, correct?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right. He fought for the Confederacy, but this was before he got . .\n. it seems like it was before he arrived in Huntsville. I'm not sure.\n\nBERMAN: Do you know anything about where he served or what he . . .?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No.\n\nBERMAN: Have you ever researched that?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I haven't, but each year the veterans put flags on various graves and\nthey ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always put one on Daniel's grave. There's another interesting thing about\nDaniel that someone told me. Henry Marks, who was a local historian, said, \"Did\nyou know that he was a member of the Ku Klux Klan?\" I said, \"No.\"\n\nBERMAN: The original Ku Klux Klan?\n\nGOLDSMITH: The original Ku Klux Klan. I said, \"No.\" Then Henry explained to me\nthat the early Klan was formed right after the war . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to create law\nand order. So it was a positive thing but it had the seeds of hate embedded in\nit. In later years, it developed into the Klan that we all know.\n\nBERMAN: Right, they were different.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes, yes.\n\nBERMAN: You also said that he married Rosa Wise?\n\nGOLDSMITH: He married . . . Daniel first married Rosa Wise from Cincinnati\n[Ohio]. Possibly he came through Cincinnati ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and went back to marry her there.\nBut Rosa was related to Steven and Isaac Meyer Wise. I'm not sure what the\nrelationship was, but they had several children. She died and she's not buried\nhere. Her family was concerned about our Jewish community here and insisted that\nher body be sent back to Cincinnati, where she's buried.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: They're all here now, right?\n\nGOLDSMITH: They're all here . . .\n\nBERMAN: We've gotten them all to Huntsville.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . except for Isaac's parents . . . that other set of\ngreat-great-grandparents, Carolyn and Joseph Schiffman. They're buried in\nHoppstadten, Germany.\n\nBERMAN: They're all here. Let's now talk a little bit about the early years of\nthe Jewish community in Huntsville. I know you've been very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involved in getting\nthese stories out. I'd like for you to talk a little bit about the founding of\nthe Temple . . . your family's involvement with that . . . also the cemetery.\n\nGOLDSMITH: During the [Civil War], very few Jews came. Through the years . . .\nJews had been in here as early as the 1830's: the Andrew brothers, the Solomon .\n. . the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[American] Revolutionary War.\n\nBERMAN: Solomon, right?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes, Solomon. What was his name? It was . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . . Solomonson?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Solomon. He's buried in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania].\n\nBERMAN: I know who you mean. We'll come to names.\n\nGOLDSMITH: But, the Andrews were related. They . . . opened stores on the south\nside of the [court house] square. Then they left and went to Mobile [Alabama].\nBut they're referenced in Bertram Korn's The History of Mobile, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Alabama\nJews. They were here. Other Jews had come through, but none remained to my\nknowledge except perhaps the Newman family . . . who I don't know anything\nabout, [except] Henrietta was a Newman. So these early Jews were as I said . . .\nthe Hersteins and the Bernsteins were part of the business community at the bank\n[and] they were part of the city government, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they were very well integrated\nimmediately. I think their talents were much needed at that time. They were very\n. . . quite well respected as I've seen notes and various books that were\nwritten during that time. Then . . . but there weren't . . . where they met, I\ndon't know . . . if they met in each other's houses or at the opera house for\nservices. But after the [Civil War] . . . in the mid 1870's . . . there were\nenough ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people here in the Jewish community to approach the city to request a\nHebrew burial ground. So an area was set aside for the Jewish community. So\nthat's the early communal presence of a Jewish community. We were there this\nmorning. You saw several graves of children that were obviously of families that\nhad come and gone. That area of the cemetery was used ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the 1960's when it\nwas filled. Then after that Temple B'nai Sholom and Etz Chayim, the conservative\nsynagogue, have bought areas from Maple Hill Cemetery. So you have other\nsections not connected. But we have other Jewish sections in the cemetery. So\nafter . . . we come back to what happened . . . the next thing that occurred was\nin ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1875. The B'nai B'rith . . . the brothers came from the Memphis [Tennessee] .\n. . Memphis must have been the center for B'nai B'rith in the southeast . . .\nseveral brothers came to Huntsville. They had an organizational meeting at the\nOdd Fellow Hall . . . that was the first meeting. But thereafter they met at the\nold Masonic lodge. It burned some years later, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the replacement is in the\nsame place that the early lodge was in. So a lot of the brothers were Masons. I\nthink that was typical of the early Jewish community. So B'nai B'rith formed.\nThe Breman [Museum--Atlanta, Georgia] has the early ledger, which . . .\n\nBERMAN: The Minute Book actually . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . the Minute Book, right, which I have read for those first\ncouple of years . . . in that ledger . . . in that Minute Book, there's a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mention the first year that the brothers would have divine services . . . all\ntheir stores should be kept closed. So that was the first service. My thought is\nthat they realized they needed two organizations . . . in 1875 Congregation\nB'nai Sholom was formed. It was pretty much the same group of families and men .\n. . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the charter members are . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . the same . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . almost the same for both, but they were two separate\norganizations. They met and shared a room at the Masonic Lodge for over 25\nyears, until the Temple . . . there was enough money to build Temple B'nai\nSholom. The Temple was built in 1898 . . . the cornerstone . . . my\ngreat-grandfather, Isaac Schiffman, was chairman of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Building Committee. But\nbefore we leave the cemetery, let me just go back to that. Some years ago . . .\nSaul Miller was walking through the cemetery. He found a grave of a little boy,\nSimon Loman, buried in a whole other area . . . [an] older area of the cemetery.\nIt had Hebrew on it. Another little boy [was buried] near him . . . his name was\nSolomon. So we knew these were two Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children of families that had come\nthrough [Huntsville]. This past year, I've been doing a lot of work on the\ncemetery, doing some work and restoring monuments and so on. I talked to the\nRabbi [Elizabeth Bahar] about moving those stones. She said it would be all\nright. She checked all of the 'powers that be.' I moved the headstones of these\ntwo little boys ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and put a replacement stone on their graves. As I told you, I\ncross-referenced them . . . there's engraving on them showing that there is a\nreplacement stone at the actual grave. On the actual grave it tells that the old\nstone has been moved to our section, so we can remember the little boys.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Now I want to talk a little bit more specifically. We have great\nbackground, but I wanted to talk a little bit more about . . . or get to some of\nyour early experiences in Huntsville . . . growing up. What kind of community\nwas it when you were a child?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Do we want to go back to that middle generation or do you want to\nstick . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . I want to get that . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . or do you want to get me first?\n\nBERMAN: . . . I want to kind of get into that with this . . . talk about that\nmiddle generation . . . and your parents. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You were talking about your parents\nand your grandparents . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: And the great-grandparents . . . we did great-great . . . but we\ndidn't go through great . . .\n\nBERMAN: Why don't we finish that first. We'll talk about the next couple of\ngenerations. Then we can talk because I really want to get specifically into\nyour life here. So, we got up to the great-great grandparents . . . let's get to\nthe great-grandparents and the grandparents and your parents: what they did and\nhow they . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their lines of work in Huntsville, and what they did for the\ncommunity . . . their community involvement.\n\nGOLDSMITH: All right. Oscar Goldsmith . . . let me do the Goldsmiths . . . Oscar\nGoldsmith came from New York and married Betty Bernstein. They lived with her\nparents for a while. Then after they had . . . Oscar and Betty had their\nchildren . . . my grandfather Lawrence and his sister ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theresa . . . the\nBernsteins built a house. They owned the whole block, so they built the house\nnext door for them. So they lived next door to each other. Interesting[ly],\nOscar and Betty built two houses on the rest of the block for their son and\ndaughter. So it was a whole . . .\n\nBERMAN: A Goldsmith-Bernstein block.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . a Goldsmith-Bernstein block. So Oscar was . . . what Oscar did\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was . . . I don't know exactly what he did at the very beginning of his career\nhere, but he knew a fellow in New York, who [was] quite wealthy. I think his\nname was O'Shaughnessy. [O'Shaughnessy] encouraged [Oscar] to come here and\nstart one of the first cotton mills . . . the Dallas Mill. O'Shaughnessy . . .\nthere's nothing in any records to tell me this except that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he came here and\nbuilt Dallas Mill. Oscar was treasurer of that mill for the rest of his life. I\nhave an \"In Memoriam\" about him. So that was what Oscar did. He and Betty . . .\nBetty is the first woman in the family that became very involved in the\ncommunity. My grandfather ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said we wouldn't have a hospital if it weren't for his\nmother. She was very involved during that time. Remember, there's the mills . .\n. so she and group of well-heeled ladies--Jewish and non-Jewish--were interested\nin the poor and the problems that were going on at the mill. She would take soup\nin her horse and buggy to different families and note the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problems. She\norganized a group of ladies called the United Charities. Their first meeting was\nat the Jewish synagogue, which would not have been the Temple . . . it wasn't\nbuilt. It would have been at the Masonic lodge. They met there. I don't know\nwhere they met after that. But that means to me that Betty really organized the\ngroup, although she wasn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"president. So their first order of business was to\nget a hospital for Huntsville. Betty was appointed . . . I read somewhere in\nsomebody's letters . . . the \"most outspoken of our group\" . . . was chosen to\ngo to the city fathers and request a hospital. Betty did so, and they refused.\nShe went back to the ladies ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and got the ladies together and most of the\nhusbands. They went back to the city fathers and this time the city fathers\nagreed to start a hospital. The first one was a little cottage. Then later, it\nwas interesting . . . a madam, Molly Teal, left her home here for a hospital. So\nthey moved from the little cottage ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the house. Then after that . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . [house] of ill repute?\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . of ill repute. Then shortly thereafter the first hospital was\nbuilt. The hospital is . . . today . . . Huntsville Hospital is on the present\nsite. So Betty and Oscar were on the board of control, and very involved with\nthe hospital. So that's Betty and Oscar Goldsmith . . .\n\nBERMAN: What year was the hospital founded . . . what year would that have been?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Gosh . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1898, I think . . . in the late 1800's.\n\nBERMAN: And the company town that the Dallas Mill created . . .?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Dallas Village.\n\nBERMAN: . . . Dallas Village. Is that still standing . . . are the houses still there?\n\nGOLDSMITH: The houses are still there. This mill village is now . . . that was\noutside of Huntsville at that time . . . today that village is a historic\ndistrict. It came into the corporate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"limits.\n\nBERMAN: The homes are still residences there?\n\nGOLDSMITH: They're still residences.\n\nBERMAN: Are any of the mills still . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: The Dallas . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . in operation?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No, none of them are still in operation. That stopped in Huntsville.\nI can't remember . . . I was not here when they began to phase out. Dallas Mill\nburned. We have\n\nLowe Mill which was purchased by a fellow recently . . . not that recent . . .\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jim Hudson. That is an art center now. It has art stalls for amateur artists or\nprofessional artists . . . small rooms. It's quite a thriving place. Lincoln\nMill also is being revitalized into apartments by a doctor in town.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: So that was Oscar Sr.?\n\nGOLDSMITH: That was Oscar . . . then we had . . . the other great-grandparents\nwere Isaac Schiffman. Isaac came to work for his uncles . . . for his Uncle\nSolomon from Germany. He married Betty Herstein, who was Robert Herstein's\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daughter. Isaac and Betty had three children: Bob, Annie, my grandmother, and\nIrma. Bob died young. He worked for Isaac in the business. My grandfather\neventually came into the business with him. Irma moved to New York. Isaac ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"died\nof diabetes as a relatively young man, but he was quite an entrepreneur. After\nhis Uncle Solomon died, he bought this building that we're in. It was somewhat\nof a banking business because the dry goods store had evolved into banking. Land\neventually was acquired, but it was a property . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was a partnership at\nthat time. When Isaac . . . the things that Isaac did in the community . . .\nIsaac was chairman of the Temple Building Committee. He went back to Germany on\nan occasion. I have a picture of my grandmother. She looked like she was about\n10 years old. They stayed . . . they went back to Frankfurt [Germany]. They\nstayed in this ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beautiful hotel in Frankfurt. I guess that was his ambition to go\nstay in that hotel, because he had done very well. I think it was the\nFrankfurt[er] Hof or something, I'm not sure . . . my daughter and I visited\nthere many, many years later. It was so expensive. I think we ordered a coke. It\nhad one of the first elevators. So Isaac went back there and visited his family.\nWhile he was there, I learned later ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he gave the city money to establish the\nfirst water system that they had. He [went] back and he did ask his nieces and\nnephews what they wanted. One nephew said, \"I want to come to America.\" So he\nbrought Leo to America. Leo lived with him until Leo was an adult. Shortly\nthereafter . . . this was well before ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Holocaust . . . Jewish children were\nnot allowed to go to school with the Christian community any more. They wrote\nIsaac . . . now Isaac died in 1910 . . . but they wrote him that they needed\nmoney for a Jewish school. Isaac sent them money . . . sent money back to the\nJewish community for a Jewish school. So he was quite philanthropic. Then when\nhe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"died, the next generation took over the business.\n\nBERMAN: His name was . . . the next generation was . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: Isaac . . .\n\nBERMAN: Isaac Jr.?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No, no. Isaac had my grandmother, Annie, [and] Robert . . . who\nprobably was named for Robert Herstein, Betty's father . . . and Irma. So the\nnext generation is my grandfather . . . or my grandparents . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lawrence\nGoldsmith, who is the grandson of Morris Bernstein and the son of Oscar and\nBetty Goldsmith. [He] married Annie Schiffman who is the daughter of Isaac\nSchiffman and Betty Herstein. Her grandparents are Robert Herstein. Robert and\nhis wife [Rosa] . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm getting . . . I don't have my little chart here to\ntell who married . . .\n\nBERMAN: A little cheat sheet.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . but do you . . . have them together? How these two . . . the\nmarriage of these two brought the two families together.\n\nBERMAN: Then I have in my notes . . . in 1933 . . . the company because of\nRobert . . . was finally incorporated as . . . I. Schiffman and Company.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right. I think . . . in the Thirties . . . Betty Schiffman had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"passed\naway . . . then it made sense to incorporate into a C-Corporation. It's for the\nease of . . .\n\nBERMAN: What was the business really doing then?\n\nGOLDSMITH: At that time, it was still the loan business. They had acquired . . .\nI'm not sure just at that time because all those papers are at the public\nlibrary . . . right after the [Great] Depression, they had acquired a lot of\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farmland and were loaning on farmland. So they acquired some farmland. So they\nbegan to farm the properties: cotton and corn and so on. They had tenant farmers\nand some they farmed themselves. The buggy business that had been in the family\n. . . eventually evolved into the first automobile dealership--a Dodge\ndealership. There was property . . . they used ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this building for all of the\nbusiness. Because of [that] this building, which is a main character for the\nlast hundred years, it was a place . . . it was a repository for everybody to\nput information. When somebody died, they didn't have to throw away papers. They\nsaid, \"Just put them in the vault\" or \"Put them downstairs in the vault.\" So I\nhave . . . tons of artifacts and papers from all of these ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"generations that have\nbeen put into this building.\n\nBERMAN: It's an amazing family history. It's absolutely amazing.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So let's see, after the farm . . . we farmed for all those years. We\nraised cotton and corn and soy beans. Then my father raised polled Herefords . .\n. those are the Herefords without horns. He thought they were pretty. He got\ninto the registered cattle business for a while. That was quite ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"profitable, and\nhe enjoyed it. Then an unfortunate thing happened. He had some dwarfism in the\nherding, so he had to liquidate the herd. He got into the grade cattle business.\nBut as time went on, farming changed. [The] equipment was larger and prices\nchanged. We had more of a global community so farmers then could rent a lot of\nproperty. So we rented our ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm out to different farmers for a number of years\nbecause those farmers would rent acres. In more recent years, if you want me to\ncontinue with I. Schiffman and Company. When I came back at that point to\nHuntsville, my grandfather had died. A few years earlier, we realized that a\nC-Corporation was an unfortunate way to hold property. We had a partial\nliquidation of the company and took all the farmland out, so that my father and\nI would hold that individually. [tape is interrupted then resumes]\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . the business . . . the I. Schiffman and Company business. We\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a partial liquidation and took the land out. I had bought some of the\ndowntown property out of the company. What was left was just the portfolio of\nstock. So then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my children had some stock . . . when my father had died, then I\nhad to figure out what to do with this corporation because I knew if I died . .\n. if we all died . . . there would be a double tax because the laws had changed.\nSo I used a good many of the assets in the company to buy out . . . to\nliquidate, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"terminate, whatever you call . . . the stock of the grandchildren\n[and] my step-mother that Daddy had left in his estate . . . so that I was the\nsole owner of what was left, which at that time was about $1,000,000 in a stock\nportfolio. What I did is I set up a Charitable Remainder Trust with most of\nthose assets ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that way I won't be devouring the assets . . . I have to be the\nperson in charge of that because of some strange Alabama law. But at the end of\nthe Charitable Trust, which at that time was 20 years or the end of my life,\nwhichever comes first, they will go to the Birmingham Jewish Foundation to fund\ntwo funds. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is for the Huntsville, Alabama and North Alabama Jewish community\nfor various needs . . . really to center on educational needs . . . the other\nfor the emergency needs of the international Jewish community in Israel and\nthroughout the world. Actually, I have gone ahead and started those funds with\n$50,000 each, so they're in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place when the Charitable Remainder trust goes on.\nIn my will, whatever I have left of . . . I. Schiffman and Company will go into\nthose funds. So we got past Uncle Sam. I decided that that was exactly what the\nancestors would have wanted to do for the Jewish community . . . it was a\nwonderful asset to find a way to utilize . . . I wanted to do something, and it\nwas the right asset to . . .\n\nBERMAN: That's amazing . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . to do with that. .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: . . . it's a wonderful gift, I'm telling you.\n\nGOLDSMITH: That was that part of the business. I was still left with the land\nand the farm property out in the Big Cove. Before Daddy died, we were seeing a\nlot of changes where the city was beginning to grow. There was a lot of urban\ndevelopment nearby. I've been faced with that transition ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the farm property to\nurban. Some of it is commercial and a good bit of it is residential. I've had a\nteam of very capable people helping me to do this. Most of it I actually have\ntransferred in an appropriate way to my children, so they own all of the farm\nproperty now . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that it's transferred out of my estate. You can do that\nappropriately. The IRS has ways for gifting. I had gifted to the kids through\nthe years so I was able to sell their property and let them buy from me . . .\n\nBERMAN: And the land for the Nature Preserve?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I wanted to do something for the city, as I was saying. In addition\nto the Jewish community, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wanted to do something for the Huntsville community,\nin memory of the ancestors. Those two funds are named in memory of the\nancestors. So we had . . . how many acres? . . . 300 acres or so on the Flint\nRiver, which is a tributary to the Tennessee [River]. This is bottomland forest\nand farmland . . . this bottomland is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the flood zone. The interesting thing\nis you can't farm or destroy wetlands today, but land that has already been\nconverted to farmland, which about 100 of these acres had been converted years\nand years ago . . . as long as it's continued to be farmed, it's grandfathered\nin. The [U.S. Army] Corps of Engineers ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"created something called a \"wetland\nbank.\" In the wetland bank, if you have prior converted farmland, you can take\nthat and go through a process with the Corps and . . . make sure the soils . . .\neverything . . . that it is wetland, and then convert it back. This is a huge\nprocess [and] it takes years to do. Then you sell those acres to developers. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If\nyou're a developer, and you have 100 acres but five of them happen to be wetland\nand you can't develop them, you can go to . . . but you need to develop them for\nwhat you're doing, or if you're the Department of Transportation . . . at times\nthey have to go through wetlands. Many, many times the wetlands have to be\ndestroyed, so they go to a wetland bank, so that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no net loss of\nwetlands. Buy two acres . . . it depends on the state, but usually it's buying\ntwo acres for one . . . so you buy these two acres. Now these acres are selling\nfor $7,000 to $20,000 an acre. So in giving this land to the city for a park, at\nthe same time I gave them a wetland bank. With that wetland bank, they have an\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"asset. They're converting it . . . they'll be able to convert it back to\nwetland. We have a . . . one of my agreements was that the city would put in\n$35,000 a year, so we had to wait for a number of years to get enough money\naccumulated. Then they were able . . . the city has hired a geotechnical\nengineer and he has started the process of the wetland bank. When that's\napproved, they'll be able to start selling ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the credits. That money will stay in\nthe park and build a visitor's center. I named it the \"Goldsmith-Schiffman\nWildlife Sanctuary\".\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful. It really is . . . it's just such a gift.\n\nGOLDSMITH: It's a . . . magnificent wildlife preserve.\n\nBERMAN: When did it open?\n\nGOLDSMITH: It's open to the public now, but we haven't had our official opening\n. . . but there are trails. I'd love to take you down there . . . and see the\nwild . . . one of the most interesting things, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have a heron rookery in the\nriver that's been fun, but there are deer . . . tons of deer, water fowl, wild\nbirds . . . these kind of urban havens are very necessary for the migration of\nsong birds and different birds.\n\nBERMAN: Now I'm going to get to you.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Let me tell you one thing before we go further.\n\nBERMAN: See, she won't let me.\n\nGOLDSMITH: I want to . . . this is me too, but with the park. It hadn't opened\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I was a bit distressed that it hadn't opened. Clayton Bass, who was at that\ntime President and CEO of the Huntsville Museum of Art, called me up. He wanted\nto get together, and I thought . . . he said, \"Let's get together for coffee.\"\nThe first thing he said was, \"I bet you thought I was going to solicit you for\nour new museum.\" I said, \"That had crossed my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mind.\" He said, \"No, I'm an\nartist. What I'd really like to do is [to] do a painting of the sanctuary and\nsell it and contribute it to the city.\" I said, \"You know something, let's do\nthis. You have the clout and you know all the best artists in town. Let's get\nthem all together. We'll call them the 'Sanctuary Artists.' We'll go down and\ntake ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hikes. Everybody will paint and so on and get their work out in the\ncommunity. It will be the best PR [public relations] we could have. That kind of\npressure will force the city to move a little bit faster.\" But we didn't limit\nit to painters . . . fine art painters . . . landscape painters. We included\nphotographers, a story teller, Sarah Mcdaris, who was the story teller at the\nlibrary for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, a poet, a potter. We've now got a wood turner, and one woman,\nMarian [Moore] Lewis, who is a wildlife photographer and a scientist. She used\nto work for the [Redstone] Arsenal. She has documented our hikes with all the\nflora and fauna. She eventually wants to publish that. She and Sarah McDaris\nhave just collaborated ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a children's story, where Sarah's written a story, and\nMarian has provided the illustrations with her wildlife photography. So this\ngroup is very exciting. We kept meeting at my apartment upstairs periodically to\ndo show-and-tell of what we were doing. This went on for a little over a year.\nThen Clayton said, \"How many works do we have?\" We had about 60 works. He said,\n\"It's time for an exhibit.\" So we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have now had an exhibit at the Salmon Library\nin Huntsville, we've been to Guntersville and Decatur and Gadsden. We're next\ngoing to Montgomery to the Department of Archives . . .\n\nBERMAN: Wonderful.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . and have an exhibit this summer. So this has been a very\nexciting offshoot. So the last thing . . . this is including me . . . I'm\ntalking about me.\n\nBERMAN: Yes, you are.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GOLDSMITH: Very close to the Wildlife Sanctuary, we had a good bit of acreage\nleft . . . what to do with that . . . to develop it . . . it needed a road\nthrough the middle. That would've cost quite a lot. This belonged to the\nchildren at that point. The city was continuing to expand. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They needed to widen\nOld Taylor Road. They needed to go through this property to get to Old Big Cove\nRoad. I needed a road through, and the city needed another elementary school.\nThey had Hampton Cove School, which was taking care of this area out in the Big\nCove . . . Hampton Cove when it was developing. Hampton Cove Elementary ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was\noverflowing. They had these little trailers in the yard. So we worked together .\n. . amazing that you could get the city and the school board and a private\ndeveloper to work together. So what happened finally . . . it wasn't easy. I\nnever knew that it was going to happen, but it did happen. So I gave the land\nfor the school . . . the children and I gave the land for the road . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we gave\nit all to the city. The city then sold the parcel to the school, so that the\ncity provided the labor to build the road. The price that the school paid helped\nput the materials into the road. So they built the new school. It was fair to\neverybody ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we all benefitted. So now the property around the school . . . . .\nthe school is named Goldsmith-Schiffman Elementary, of course.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful.\n\nGOLDSMITH: It's going to work together with the Park which is just within\nwalking distance. This is such a neat neighborhood. It's such a model. If I had\na land planner to start with, it couldn't have been better. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it just evolved\n. . . the Park coming first. So the city has a group called \"Earthscope\" . . . a\ngroup of teachers that do all the field trips. They have moved to the\nGoldsmith-Schiffman Elementary. So they will work from there and the new school\nwill be able to act as host for all the schools in town to come work with\nEarthscope and go to the park and do all kinds of water testing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on in the\npark. The other neat thing is that there are sidewalks all over there. The\nneighborhood . . . the kids can ride their bikes to school, as this develops.\nThe other day I was out there and I saw all the kids riding their bikes home.\n\nBERMAN: Just like the old days.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Just like the old days . . . so that's been . . . these have been my life.\n\nBERMAN: Let's go back a little bit to your life! ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's talk a little bit about\nyour early . . . you left here at the age of 15 and went to prep school, right?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right.\n\nBERMAN: But what was Huntsville like for you as a child growing up, living in a\nhouse . . . in a hotel . . . there's got to be . . . I'd love to know just what\nyou . . . who your friends were, and where you went to school.\n\nGOLDSMITH: I went to kindergarten. Then I went to West Clinton, which was down\nthe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"street . . . West Clinton is where the Von Braun Civic Center is now. That's\nhow Huntsville has changed. But Huntsville was 15,000 [in population] when I\ngrew up. It was very small. I could walk with my nurse, Cora, all over town. In\nliving in the Russel Erskin [Hotel] during the wintertime . . . we had to bring\nchildren . . . children had to come play with me. Cora was so wonderful . . . so\nthe other parents . . . were perfectly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"willing for their children to come visit\nme because Cora would take care of us all. I had a number of little friends.\nThere were five girls that went to West Clinton. We were all only children and\nwe became good friends. We remained friends until now. One lives here . . . they\nlive in different parts of the country.\n\nBERMAN: Why did you live half the year in the Hotel?\n\nGOLDSMITH: My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather . . . the land where the Russel Erskin is, was\noccupied . . . owned by I think the Goldsmiths . . . Oscar may have owned it at\nsome time, but it was owned by them. My grandfather, who was quite a wonderful\nbusinessman . . . we do have to go back to him . . . he saw the need for a grand\nhotel. He got a group of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"investors together . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . this is Oscar?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No, this is Lawrence.\n\nBERMAN: . . . Lawrence Sr.?\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . Lawrence Sr. . . . he got a group of investors together . . .\nsome family members also to put up the money to build the Russel Erskin [Hotel].\nThis was in the late Twenties. It was really a lovely hotel at that time . . . a\ngrand ballroom, a lobby, a wonderful coffee shop, and waiters. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It served the . .\n. first it had to get through the [Great] Depression. They were able to get\nthrough the Depression because right when they were ready to open, the\nDepression occurred. They opened just a few . . . kept a few floors opened. Then\n[when] the Depression was over, the hotel was able to come back, and it was\nthriving. Jimmy Taylor, who was the manager of the hotel, said, \"Huntsville had\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything at the hotel except for funerals.\" All of the fraternal organizations\n. . . the Masons, the Rotary . . . all of them met there in that ballroom. There\nwere proms there, parties, weddings, wedding receptions . . . my wedding\nreception was there. The other interesting thing is when . . . we have to talk\nabout my grandfather and the [Redstone] Arsenal. When the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"generals came . . .\nthe fellows from the government were looking for a place for a munitions center\nduring the [World War II], they stayed . . . my grandfather wined and dined them\nat the Russel Erskin [Hotel]. They chose Huntsville as the site for Redstone\nArsenal, which we'll get back to. I think the hotel played a major role in\nselling Huntsville!\n\nBERMAN: Why did you live there?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Why did I live there? Since my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather had developed it, my\ngrandmother wanted to live there. So they lived there. They had an apartment\nthere. Bob Schiffman, my grandmother's brother, he and his wife lived there also\nwith their little girl, Carol. So it was just the new thing. My grandmother\ndidn't like to keep the house and all and she liked the Hotel. That's why we\nlived there. They were living there when my father had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"custody of me. We moved\ninto a room in the Hotel. Then daddy said that he thought that I needed to have\na house. The house was being rented, but they discontinued that. The concession\nfrom my grandmother was, \"We'll live there in the summer.\" So we lived in the\nhouse in the summer and the Hotel in the winter.\n\nBERMAN: Did you feel at all isolated from . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . the larger community?\n\nBERMAN: . . . the larger community because you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived there?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I really didn't like the Hotel. It was very limiting. I remember\nhaving one little girl spend the night one night. We were jumping rope and then\nthe operator downstairs called me and said, \"What is that noise?\" I had to stop.\nI had to get dressed to go outside. There were some limitations to being\nisolated into one room or two. I had a room, Daddy had a room, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and my\ngrandparents had a suite.\n\nBERMAN: Where would Cora stay?\n\nGOLDSMITH: She stayed with me . . . Cora married . . . Cora was studying for her\nGED and she was doing all this work by herself, but she needed help with\nalgebra. Someone told her about this fellow that could help her. Reverend\nBinford started helping her and he courted her. He would bring her chocolate\ncovered cherries ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and different kinds of candy. They married . . . when . . . I\nthink I was . . . about seven or eight years old. I remember going to the\nwedding. I was so distressed . . . he was going to take my Cora away from me. I\nwas about to cry. It was a hot summer day [and] there was no air conditioning.\nSo I took my dress and I started fanning myself. I was seven years old . . . and\nCora told me later that she was so upset she could hardly concentrate ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the\nwedding. She wanted to go over and tell me that she was . . . it was hard for\nme. But at that point, she stopped staying at night. She would come in the day\ntime to take care of me. I certainly didn't need someone around the clock like I\nhad, except that I was so attached to her.\n\nBERMAN: What was it like between the races back then in Huntsville?\n\nGOLDSMITH: It was . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: How was . . . everything was separate . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: What was my experience?\n\nBERMAN: Yes, what was your experience at that . . . ?\n\nGOLDSMITH: My experience. Of course, Cora was black and we couldn't go to the\nmovies . . . we went to the . . . we couldn't sit downstairs. There was a\nSaturday program called the\n\n\"Kiddie Club.\" Of course, I couldn't go. Cora and I had to sit in the balcony.\nMiss Bradley, who worked for my grandfather and my father and then for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me for\nover 50 years, told me the story that when I went to the movies the first time\nwith Cora . . . we had to sit in the balcony. Cora said, \"I can't sit\ndownstairs.\" I came up to the office here and she said I had a tantrum because I\nwas so upset. I couldn't understand why Cora . . . why couldn't sit downstairs .\n. . why Cora wasn't accepted. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She took me with her to visit her mother who lived\ndown the street. I played with her nieces and nephews and didn't think anything\nabout it. I know that at one time . . . I'm not sure exactly why . . . my father\nsaid that she needs to just play with the little girls. Cora took that . . .\nhandled it very well. She said, \"The boys are going to play over here, and the\ngirls are going to play over here.\" So then I didn't play with the little ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boys\nanymore. That was . . . it didn't click that that was a problem . . . that there\nwas anything with integration. I didn't . . . since I played with the children\nall the time . . . I didn't see color. Years later when there've been Barley\nfamily reunions . . . I've gone to them. Once I said, \"You all know me, you all\nknow my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name. How do you all do that? I can't remember all of you.\" They said,\n\"You don't look alike.\" We don't look alike! I said, \"My gosh. I totally\nforgot.\" So I had a different experience than most people. But there were no\nblacks in the movies. They weren't at the pool, they weren't at the park.\n\nBERMAN: Do you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember discussing it with your father, the whole . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . the segregation thing?\n\nBERMAN: . . . segregation issues . . . what was their take on it?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I think their take was what the general community was . . . whereas\nmost of the Jewish community in larger cities were more liberal. Either they\nweren't . . . because of just being part of it, they didn't know any different.\nThey were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"influenced by the whites of their community, either that . . . but it\nwas also because Huntsville had such a small Jewish community . . . that there\nwas fear. I do remember when we . . . we haven't talked about the Temple, but we\nhad some student rabbis coming at this point.\n\nBERMAN: What year are we talking about?\n\nGOLDSMITH: This would be in the Fifties. Daddy ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married in 1952. I went away in\n1959 so it was in that period that the student rabbis . . . that I would go to\nTemple. I remember that there was a discussion. The rabbis would be talking\nabout . . . integration and being positive . . . proactive. I remember my\nparents discussing it . . . that we need to talk to the young rabbi, that we\nhave a non-Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"choir, and we really don't want talk about integration. We're\na small community. We were concerned about our own vulnerability. If the choir\nwould talk in the community about what was going on. This community was not . .\n. the Jewish community was not as proactive as you've found in Birmingham . . .\nother communities.\n\nBERMAN: We really haven't found many communities that were proactive.\n\nGOLDSMITH: They weren't?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: It was the same kind of fear.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Larger, well . . .\n\nBERMAN: Even in Atlanta where you have the rabbi becoming involved . . . the\ncongregation was not so involved.\n\nGOLDSMITH: They weren't.\n\nBERMAN: So it's similar . . . the fear. But it's interesting about . . . whether\nit was discussed in the home and how the . . . family dealt with . . . What\nabout in the place of business? Did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the company employ African-Americans . . . blacks?\n\nGOLDSMITH: On the farm there were tenant . . . there were people on the farm\nthat were tenant farmers. Not in the office . . . everybody was Caucasian who\nworked in the office, but in the automobile . . . we were in the automobile\nbusiness, did I mention that?\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . there were African-Americans there. So ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't experience\nintegration until I went to college. It wasn't until my senior year . . . I was\nat [H. Sophie] Newcomb [University] in Tulane [Alabama] . . . when Tulane\nstarted integrating.\n\nBERMAN: How important was the synagogue in your family's life growing up?\n\nGOLDSMITH: The synagogue, the history of the synagogue . . .\n\nBERMAN: There was a temple.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . the Temple. The Temple for the early years . . . from 1875 to\nsomewhat after the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"turn of the century, I think around early 1900's, according\nto the records, they had no more rabbi. In fact, the congregation . . . the\ngenerations moved away . . . after the kids went to college and then they moved\nto larger communities for economic reasons and to marry within the faith. The\ncongregation here was so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"small during my Daddy's early years that they didn't\nhave Sunday school, they didn't have enough children. The parents were so\nacculturated because . . . Morris Bernstein and then the next, my grandparents,\nwere that third generation . . . or second after the immigrants. We didn't have\n. . . I never had a seder because they didn't know how to have a seder. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At home\nthey didn't feel comfortable with . . . we always had matzah, but they didn't\nhave the ritual. So as Daddy was growing up, what did they do? They sent the\nchildren--there must have been just a handful--to the Christian Science Sunday\nschool because they thought that was the closest. It was some sort of religious\ntraining for the children. During those years, they had lay readers ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the\nTemple, and during High Holy Days they would have enough money to get a rabbi\nfrom the Union [for Reform Judaism]. What changed things . . . when I was six\nyears old the Sunday school was reorganized. There were two young girls here who\nstarted a Sunday school at the Temple. I remember Daddy taking me for a ride. He\nsaid, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Let's look for a Sunday school.\" He said, \"This is . . . isn't this a\nnice place?\" He didn't explain to me that I was Jewish or anything. He said,\n\"How about here?\" I said, \"Okay, we'll go in.\" So I went and we colored pictures\nof Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and played in the sandbox. I said I wanted to go\nback. But this was after the [World War II]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was a time the Arsenal had\nstarted to bring in more families so the community started to grow. That's how\nwe were able to have a religious school again. Eventually, we could have a\nstudent rabbi every other month, and every month, and so on. When I married in\n1963, right then at that point was the first time we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a full-time rabbi at\nthe Temple. Since then the Temple has had a full-time rabbi continuously. In the\n1960's . . . I think it was in the 1960's . . . there had been enough folks\ncoming here who were more Conservative . . . so there was a split at the Temple.\nI wasn't here at the time, but . . . Etz Chayim is the Conservative\ncongregation. I know that it took years for the healing to occur. But in more\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recent years, the Jewish Federation has been very active and that has brought\neverybody together.\n\nBERMAN: I have to go back to one thing you said. Did you know when you were\nyoung that you were Jewish, before you went . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: I'm trying . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . did you have a concept of whether you were Jewish?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes. I'm trying to identify when . . . I'm not really sure when I\nknew that I was Jewish. I guess when I started going to Sunday school. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then in\nschool things happened. One little girl said, \"Don't you want to go to church\nwith me?\" and then, \"You don't know about Jesus?\" Cora then came up and she\nsaid, \"She has her own Sunday school to go to! She's Jewish.\" Cora was\nmarvelous. We started having Sunday school plays and I was always given the best\npart because they knew that Cora would make sure ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4260.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I knew it. She taught me the\nprayers . . . so Cora . . . there was never any kind of an issue. She celebrated\nwho I was and helped me with identity.\n\nBERMAN: Your grandmother, Betty, who . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: Annie was my grandmother.\n\nBERMAN: No, the one who lived in the Hotel.\n\nGOLDSMITH: That's Annie . . . my grandmother.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4290.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Did she talk about being Jewish at all? Did she have any kind of . . . ?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I think it was more from my grandfather . . . he went to services\nalways on . . . he went to services fairly often and he always fasted on High\nHoly Days. He was treasurer of the Temple for years. He was . . . right after\nthe . . . let me go back with his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involvement . . . but see this really wasn't\ndiscussed with me. But in the late 1930's, my grandmother's cousins, Isaac . . .\nhad left a brother and a sister. His brother . . . remember he had brought Leo\nover. Leo was able to bring all of his sisters and brothers over during the late\n1930's. He knew what was going to happen. The sister ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Johanna had died, and she\nhad five children. My grandparents had . . . my grandmother may have met them as\na very young girl, when she went over. But these families began to write. My\ngrandmother, I'm sure, said, \"Lawrence, I don't know what to do here.\" My\ngrandfather took over the letters and he corresponded [with] one . . . first one\nwrote and then the others. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Only one, the Ludwig Marxes wrote in English.\nEveryone was writing in German. So he'd have to take everything over to Leo and\nwait for Leo to translate and go back and forth. In any event, he made the\ndecision . . . with these letters, \"We will bring you over and when you get over\n. . . we'll do one at a time.\" But very shortly he realized the necessity to\nbring everyone. His efforts to bring ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these five families . . . the only family\nhe was able to bring over were the Ludwig Marxes. Several did survive and made\nit to Israel. But I don't know the outcome of all five families. The letters\ncontinued from around 1937 or 1938 through 1941. They abruptly stop in 1941. He\nnever talked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the others. He was always so pleased with the progress the\nLudwig Marxes made. I'm very in touch with the children and the Ludwig Marxes.\nBut after I went to Israel and went to the [Yad Vashem] Holocaust museum and\nlearned everything that had happened and got involved in New Orleans [Louisiana]\nwith the Holocaust program and so on, I was going through the vault [and] I\nfound these records. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4470.0,4500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I found them . . . I understood then what I had found.\nThey were in perfect order . . . back and forth and back. He kept copies of\neverything. There are letters from Senator [John] Sparkman (D-AL), his efforts .\n. . it's an unbelievable collection. I didn't know. I put them all . . . he had\nalready done the order . . . I put them together, cleaned them up. Then it was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what to do with them. At that time the Precious Legacy had occurred and Marc\nTalisman was in . . . Mark Talisman's involvement with the Precious Legacy. It\ncame to New Orleans and so I requested an audience with Mark. I had some of the\npapers there. He met with me and he told me that this was indeed a very unusual\ncollection. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said, \"What am I going to . . . what to do with it?\" He said,\n\"We're going to be building a Holocaust museum, but it's going . . . it's some\nyears away.\" Again I started to worry, \"What if I die, what's going to happen?\"\nYou always worry if you don't do something . . . even though I was younger. I\nwent up to Washington and I met with the new director. What we came up with is I\ndonated them ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4560.0,4590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Project Judaica. I made a cash gift at that time. The agreement\nwas that Project Judaica would hold them, and when the building was built, they\nwould pass on the contribution and the papers. So they finally got there . . .\nthe building was built . . . they finally got there. It took years because they\nhad so many papers, but they're finally catalogued. They've got a number and\nthey're there. They're available all over . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4590.0,4620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: It's amazing because it took . . . a lot of people didn't do what your\nfather did. They thought about it but . . . there was no 'Final Solution' and so\nthey thought \"Well, nothing is . . . .\"\n\nGOLDSMITH: The other thing that he did at that time was . . . what was the year\nthat the United Jewish Appeal? Because that year they met . . . it was in the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4620.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"late Thirties . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . Thirties . . . there was . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . was it after the war or right before?\n\nBERMAN: . . . the United Jewish Appeal really . . . in Atlanta, the first\ncampaign was in 1936 . . . so that . . . it had to start earlier nationally. I\nthink early Thirties.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Somewhere in the Thirties, in the late . . . my grandfather was\ncontacted by . . . I guess ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4650.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"national . . . they were contacting key figures in\ndifferent communities. They wrote him and he began to collect from our local\nJewish community. Not just the local, but he collected from his non-Jewish\nfriends. He always gave the largest gift himself. So he did this from the late\nThirties until the 1950's by himself in this community. That whole . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4680.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he kept\nthose records too so when I gave the Holocaust collection to the [United States\nHolocaust Memorial] Museum, I gave these papers along with them. Because they're\nall part of the same story of what he was . . . how he was involved. So you\nasked about being Jewish, he definitely . . . he very much was. My grandmother\nwas supportive . . . I guess she went to Sisterhood meetings. But we weren't . .\n. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we didn't have rituals at home, there were no . . .\n\n[tape in interrupted to be changed then resumes]\n\nGOLDSMITH: So you were asking about being Jewish? I didn't know all this\nactivity that my grandfather was doing. I didn't learn this until years . . .\nafter he had died . . . that I learned that. But we didn't . . . we went to\nTemple on High Holy Days . . . we would go occasionally . . . but we didn't\nlight candles [and] we didn't have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4740.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sabbath at home.\n\nBERMAN: Did you ever experience any anti-Jewish feeling growing up here in . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . here . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . Huntsville?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Occasionally, not a lot. I do remember one of my little friends who .\n. . we have talked about it years later . . . she was talking about . . . she\nand her mother were going to buy a house . . . looking at a house. The woman who\nowned it was Jewish. Anna said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"She just wants too much for it.\" I said, \"I\nunderstood that she put a lot of money into her house.\" She said, \"I'll tell you\nhow . . . she's doing it because she's a Jew.\" That she's asking too much. I\nsaid, \"That's not a very nice thing to say.\" It just really . . . I never\nforgave that . . . we talked about it at our 25th reunion.\n\nBERMAN: Did she remember also?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GOLDSMITH: She remembered it. She said that it was . . . she gave the reason\nthat she was mad at me . . . for something very different. She was using that to\nbe hurtful. I've never been totally sure about that . . . but we are friends.\nI've visited and she's visited me so whatever that was . . . I remember that\nincident . . . the little ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"girls at school knowing that I was the only Jewish\nchild at West Clinton.\n\nBERMAN: What about your parents, did they associate with mainly . . . socially .\n. .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . socially . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . was their social circle mainly Jewish people . . . the few Jewish\nfamilies that were here or was it everyone?\n\nGOLDSMITH: No. They did have . . . by the time my step-mother and Daddy married,\nthere was a fairly nice Jewish community ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so there were mostly . . . their\nfriends were this small group in the Jewish community. I remember they would get\ntogether and play poker. They were good friends. The Jewish community, when my\nstep-mother married Daddy, had been welcoming. They came over to see her . . .\nso they were socially good friends. They weren't that active in the larger\ncommunity, but sometimes that just . . . it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both parts. I don't remember them\nentertaining or having a big party. I think they could have . . . I think there\ncould have been more social interaction.\n\nBERMAN: You don't think it was because they were outsiders.\n\nGOLDSMITH: I don't know because we didn't talk about it so I'm not sure . . . is\nit self-imposed or is it imposed from the outside?\n\nBERMAN: When was the country club founded here?\n\nGOLDSMITH: The country club ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4920.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was founded . . . I'm not sure when it was founded,\nbut my grandfather was one of the early . . . they had to collect . . . they had\nto sell membership and he bought a membership.\n\nBERMAN: Were you a member growing up?\n\nGOLDSMITH: He was a member. Then for years . . . he had let his membership lapse\nbecause he didn't play golf and he didn't use it. When I was growing up, I said,\n\"Can we be members? Don't you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still have your membership because I'd like to go\nswimming in the pool.\" So he reactivated it and I went to the country club. But\nthere were probably limited number of Jews belonging to the country club.\n\nBERMAN: It wasn't a Jewish country club.\n\nGOLDSMITH: No, no, no, because the community was so small.\n\nBERMAN: That's what I questioned . . . because it was called the Standard Club .\n. .\n\nGOLDSMITH: It was a non-Jewish.\n\nBERMAN: . . . and the other?\n\nGOLDSMITH: The Standard Club! . . . Like the other Standard . . . that was just\na social club . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a part of the Jewish community. They didn't have a building,\nthey met . . . I think that was part of the Ladies Aid Society . . . that was\nthe early name of the Sisterhood. I think there must have been an offshoot of\nthe Standard Club [that] carried on the social doings of the Jewish community.\nThey probably had a rented room somewhere where they would have parties . . .\n\nBERMAN: I see so . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . but it was very small.\n\nBERMAN: But the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country club . . . there was no problem being Jewish and being\nmembers of the country club.\n\nGOLDSMITH: For me, no . . . but that didn't . . . that's not to say that in . .\n. you might find that out more with some of your other interviews of people who\ncame a little bit later. Our family was so integrated into the community and\nplayed such a role . . . of then, of course, my grandfather with the Arsenal, he\nwas so well respected that . . .\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Let's talk about the . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: We didn't . . . you can't compare our family with some of the Jewish\ncommunity that came later. One other thing that my Grandfather . . . my\nGrandmother was not very social, she was a very quiet, reserved person. He was\nvery out-going, besides for all of the things . . . his business and everything\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"else . . . he was a big sportsman. He and a group of men started . . . they\nformed a club called Byrd Springs Rod and Gun Club. He hunted and he fished. He\nwas the only Jewish person in this group. He left his membership to me because\nDaddy didn't hunt duck. So I kept that. Actually, the good old boys didn't want\nme. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they encouraged my father to take the membership from his father. So he\ntook it and then after a while he really didn't want it because he didn't hunt.\nHe didn't want to keep paying the dues so he offered it to my ex-husband. My\nex-husband said, \"We should keep it in the family.\" So he took it. Then when I\nmoved back to Huntsville, I said, \"I should have that membership.\" So I took the\nmembership back and, of course, I don't hunt or fish either, but I went to the\nmeetings because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was concerned with this for ecological reasons . . . what's\ngoing to happen to this wonderful club. Just in recent years I let my membership\ngo. I said, \"I want to be an emeritus member, but I'm not going to keep it.\"\nThey have a limited number and one of the fellows wanted his son to be able to\ncome hunt. I said, \"Go ahead and take the membership\" because my kids won't want\nthat membership. So here I am, a Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5160.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"woman in Huntsville, a woman and a\nmember of the Byrd Springs Rod and Gun Club. So you see I've crossed over all lines.\n\nBERMAN: You really have. Let's talk a little bit about the Arsenal and how your\n. . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . my grandfather . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . grandfather got involved in.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So the Arsenal, this was during the war . . . and different . . .\n\nBERMAN: Was it before we got into the war or is [it] after we got . . . ?\n\nGOLDSMITH: It was after we got into the war, but it was . . .\n\nBERMAN: So like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5190.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1942 . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: It was . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . early 1942?\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . no, it was . . . when did we get into the war? . . . no, this\nwas in the late Thirties, this was . . . I'm sorry, I was born in 1941, but it\nhad happened already, I think it was in 1940.\n\nBERMAN: Pearl Harbor was December 1941.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Why were they . . .\n\nBERMAN: They were probably revving up because we were sending a lot of military\naid to England already.\n\nGOLDSMITH: The country at that time was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different. Things were happening . . .\nwe wanted an airstrip . . . we lost that to some other community. But different\nthings were being given to different communities for the war . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . potential war effort.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes. One day my grandfather got a call from George Mahoney. George\nsaid, \"Lawrence, I've gotten a call from some people in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5250.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"government. Two\nfellows are coming down here by train. They want to look at property around the\nTennessee River.\" We owned farm land down there and my grandfather knew values.\n[Mahoney] said, \"Would you go with me and meet them at the train?\" My\ngrandfather said, \"Yes.\" So they met the fellows and they drove them around all\nday. Then when they left . . . my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5280.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandfather had been very supportive of\n[Senator] John Sparkman [D-AL]. He knew John very well. He knew all the\ncongressmen very well. As I said even during the Holocaust papers [incident], he\ncorresponded a lot and had their help. He called John and said, \"What's going\non?\" John said, \"Let me see . . . let me check.\" [Sparkman] found out that they\nwere looking for a site for a munitions center. \"Let me talk to [Senator] Lister\nHill [D-AL].\" ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they got . . . the fellows were coming back again and then my\ngrandfather knew what they were doing. So there are letters and I have copies of\nthese letters and telegrams. There's been an article written for the Huntsville\nHistoric Review--we have that all in the collection so you can see just what\nhappened. But they came back and looked some more. By then my grandfather was\nwining and dining them at the Russel Erskin [Hotel]. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5340.0,5370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think what they realized\n[was] that there's a nice . . . if we have it here it's going to bring a lot of\nhigh ranking generals and so on. The Hotel will provide a nice place to stay.\nThat's why I think the Hotel was a major player in this . . . that's just my own\nthought. So it was a very short period of time. There were other communities\nthat were vying for this, but they chose Huntsville. There were a number of\nreasons: the land was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available . . . where we had a farm there were a lot . . .\nit was a large, black community of private farms. Cora's family had a farm down\nthere. All of this farmland could be purchased at a reasonable price. We had the\nTennessee River, we were in the hinterland, we were surrounded by mountains,\nwe're not on the coast, we're not visible, we're safer. All of these reasons\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5400.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came into play. So the Redstone . . . they named it Redstone Arsenal because of\nthe red clay soil . . . it was formed. There was a tremendous boon to the town.\nIt brought in a lot of folks. That was when the Jewish community began slowly to\nrevive. Without the Arsenal, we would have become ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5430.0,5460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"extant. Is that the word?\n\nBERMAN: Extinct.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Extinct . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . \"extant\" is still around, but \"extinct\" . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes, still around. But we would have . . . what would have happened\nto our family? There would have been total acculturation, I feel if I hadn't had\na religious school . . . I'm not sure, you never know, you can't second guess\nit. But then after the [World War II] was over, the Arsenal . . . the munitions\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5460.0,5490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closed . . . the munitions center wasn't needed anymore. But all this land was\navailable. The German scientists that came over that we got . . . [Wernher] von\nBraun and his team . . . after the war . . . then it was where to put them. This\nwas a perfect site. So that's how the Arsenal then evolved to the Space and\nRocket Missile Center, and Huntsville became what it is today, a very diverse,\neducated community, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the largest number of Ph.D.'s of any community of its\nsize. We have seven faiths here, and only one is Christian. We have several\nmosques, we've got a Hindu Temple, we've got the Jewish community, we have\nUnitarian and Conscious Living churches. So it's quite diverse and it's a very\ndifferent kind of place. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5520.0,5550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You don't feel like you're in the South here anymore.\nThat brings you from the Arsenal up to now. He played a major role, my\ngrandfather in making that . . . that's probably one of the most important\nthings any member of our family did.\n\nBERMAN: When you talk about Huntsville and you talk about the South, just in\ngeneral, you can tell you have this real devotion to your community. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5550.0,5580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you\nthink just the longevity of your family instilled that in you or was it the way\nyour family spoke about Huntsville?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I think . . . you mean the . . .\n\nBERMAN: How you feel about your community? Where did that come from?\n\nGOLDSMITH: You mean the philanthropy?\n\nBERMAN: The philanthropy . . . the love . . . the wanting to come back and be a\npart of it again.\n\nGOLDSMITH: The coming back was because somebody needed to come take care of the\nbusiness. That was why I came back. But then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5580.0,5610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the involvement with the community\n. . . actually I had learned a lot in New Orleans. After I went to Israel, I\nbecame involved with Federation, and I just learned so much. I was on the Jewish\nEndowment Foundation Board in New Orleans, so I learned a whole lot there. So\nwhen I came here, I had a lot of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5610.0,5640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience that I was able to share. I got\ninvolved with our Federation and told them about some of the things that I had\nlearned and we greatly improved our Federation and our collections here. Then I\nknew of my grandfather's involvement. So a lot is taking what you've learned,\nbut also following in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5640.0,5670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"footsteps of ancestors. If I've known what they've\ndone and how they've conducted themselves and their values . . . they were role\nmodels. You don't dare not to try and step up to the plate as close as you can\nto what they did.\n\nBERMAN: I had a question also about Ruby again . . . I mean Cora, I'm sorry.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Cora.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5670.0,5700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: . . . did you ever talk about the separation with her? Did you have\nthose kinds of discussions?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I didn't know to have those. She didn't work for us after Daddy\nmarried. It was a bit of jealousy on my step-mother's part. So she was asked to\nleave ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5700.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was . . . I understand. Cora was so wise and she understood.\n\nBERMAN: That must have been devastating for you though.\n\nGOLDSMITH: That it was. Actually I was 12 and I was away at camp at the time. My\npeer relationships had become important, so I was devastated, but not as I would\nhave been a little bit earlier. Cora knew she had done ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5730.0,5760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what she needed to do for\nme and she knew it was time. I wrote a poem that I'll have to show you.\n\nBERMAN: Was it difficult to keep the relationship up after . . . ?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I didn't see her a lot, but then after I married and went to New\nOrleans, I would always come see her. Then after 1995 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5760.0,5790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I became very involved\nwith Cora, because she had dementia . . . it was very gradual. She had appointed\n. . . since Cora had no children, she appointed two of her nieces to take care\nof her as her executer and everything . . . her power of attorney and so on. In\nvisiting Cora, I noted that she wasn't . . . I went in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5790.0,5820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"refrigerator and I\nnoted she wasn't eating. So I contacted the nieces. I just feel badly that she\ndidn't put me in charge. I've talked to a mutual friend. I said, \"Was it . . .\nwhy did she do that?\" He said, \"It was family, it wasn't racial. It was family.\nShe couldn't move outside her family to put you in charge. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5820.0,5850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's where the\nmother/daughter thing stopped.\" In any event, the nieces . . . we got together\nand we made sure that . . . we took turns bringing a meal over every day so she\nhad something. Then she fell and she went to the hospital. I spoke to the\ndoctor. I said, \"Make sure she doesn't go home again, that she goes someplace.\"\nI tried to play whatever role I could, she was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5850.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in one . . . it wasn't a nursing\nhome, but it was more of a home where a lady had four or five ladies like Cora\nstaying there. I was satisfied with that. Then later that lady didn't keep her\nanymore and they moved her to some . . . another place. I was very unhappy with\nit because I saw Cora sink very fast, but there was nothing that I could do\nabout it. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5880.0,5910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I even made some calls to government agencies, but it's very . . . you\ncan't control these small at-home places. There was nothing I could do. Cora did\npass away very peacefully. But it could have been . . . she could have had\nbetter care. That's sort of what happened. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5910.0,5940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we did have some closeness during\nall these years. We didn't talk about segregation . . . it was over by the time\n. . . but she was a very proud person. We didn't go in places . . . she didn't\ntake me in places where she couldn't be served. We didn't go get an ice cream\ncone, she didn't humiliate herself.\n\nBERMAN: When you went to the movies with her . . . did you sit ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5940.0,5970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"upstairs . . .\nwith her?\n\nGOLDSMITH: Yes. That's when I realized the difference and had the fit.\n\nBERMAN: Yes, I just didn't know if . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: No, I sat with her.\n\nBERMAN: . . . sometimes you had to . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right, right.\n\nBERMAN: . . . sit by yourself.\n\nGOLDSMITH: I sat in the balcony with her. That was when I realized that there\nwas a difference.\n\nBERMAN: Boy! Let's get back to then your own children.\n\nGOLDSMITH: My own children.\n\nBERMAN: I know you wanted to speak a little bit about your own children and\nwhere they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5970.0,6000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are today.\n\nGOLDSMITH: My children . . . we'll go back to the Passover dinner . . . that I\nhad never had.\n\nBERMAN: Yes.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Then after I went to Israel I realized that I wanted to do more at\nhome. But I didn't know how to do a seder. I didn't know how. But then I\nrealized that I could do it just like they did at Sunday school. So I got a copy\nof the very simple seder . . . it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6000.0,6030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"copies, it's five pages long. We started\ndoing it that way. I thought there was no matzah ball soup back then. I don't\nhave to be intimidated by the food. So I could just fix the symbols on a small\nplate, and I did it. So we started having Passover at home. There were some\nother couples that had it, so I would say, \"Come over and we will have several\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6030.0,6060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"families together and have dinner.\" I remember some of the Passovers, were in\nFlorida. It was during Spring Break. I took the kids to Florida . . . the girls\n. . . after John was gone. I would invite the other little children over. We'd\ntake our traveling Passover plate, and we would have Passover right there. I'd\nuse my little ritual. So I did that. I want to get back to the children. But\nthen I took . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6060.0,6090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep on with Passover, I joined a Torah study class at\nTouro Synagogue in New Orleans. We were studying Passover. So one year we had a\nPassover dinner. We went back and explored what they really ate in the desert.\nSo we tried to duplicate . . . of course, there was no matzo ball soup. They\nwere talking about what they missed in Egypt or something, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6090.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so we had grape\nleaves stuffed and we reclined. We had incense because we figured surely they\nhad incense back then. So we had our Torah study with our Passover. So I'm over\nbeing intimidated by Passover, right?\n\nBERMAN: Right.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So my children . . . they grew up in . . . we want to talk about\nreligion or where they are now . . . that's what you're getting at or mostly . . .\n\nBERMAN: It's a wonderful thing that . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6120.0,6150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your family has sort of come back full circle.\n\nGOLDSMITH: Right. So here are the three children. We went to Temple Sinai [in\nNew Orleans], which is where Jerry, my husband at the time, had grown up. Temple\nSinai's extremely reformed . . . they were still using the 1932 Union Prayer\nBook. The kids . . . John didn't want to have a bar mitzvah . . . he didn't want\nto go through that. But I went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6150.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel in the interim and I was able to\nconvince Laurie to have a bat mitzvah. So she had her bat mitzvah. We were able\nto have all of that. But the Israel experience and whatever was going on with\nme, I think was an influence. I had written the family history and come to grips\nwith my own Jewish identity, even though my mother wasn't Jewish. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6180.0,6210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I felt that I\nwas Jewish even though people had said from time to time you're half and half or\nyou're not really Jewish or whatever. I was able to work through that and that\nmust have had some influence on the children. I made sure that all of them went\nto Israel. John went on a high school program with other high school kids.\nBobbie ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6210.0,6240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to Israel between high school and college for a year to work on a\nkibbutz. Laurie went on several programs herself. She had learned . . . she'd\nhad the bat mitzvah. So what happened? Where are they today? After a slow\nbeginning and then whatever influence . . . I can't tell you exactly what other\nthan I think Israel was important. My attitude was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6240.0,6270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"important because my husband\nat the time wasn't religious. He'd never had a bar mitzvah himself, so he wasn't\nreligious. But later he became president of the Jewish Federation in New Orleans\nafter I took him to Israel and so on. But today, John went to Wash[ington]\nU[niversity] for college. Then after college he went to Chicago ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6270.0,6300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to work for a\nwhile. Something led him to the religious community. He went to a book store and\nhe started reading. Eventually someone at the book store introduced him to a\nscribe. He began to go to this scribe, and he learned, he took baby Hebrew books\n. . . the little books . . . the scribe began to teach him Hebrew. He spent\nweekends with him, as John was working and then taking the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6300.0,6330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kaplan course. He\ncame back to New Orleans, and he went to Tulane [University] to get his MBA.\nWhile he was at Tulane, he started to go to Chabad and eventually to Young\nIsrael. It led . . . then he called the rabbi up and koshered his house. He was\nmaking steps gradually. Then one day he said, \"I've made up my mind. I'm going\nto Israel. I'm leaving my job at the bank, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6330.0,6360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and going to Israel. I'm going to Ohr\nSameach . . . to study.\"\n\nBERMAN: What does he do there?\n\nGOLDSMITH: What does he do? He worked for a while for some folks that do\ncommemorative plaques . . . like a law firm that would . . . are you familiar\nwith what I'm talking about? It's like plaques, when you win an award or\nsomething . . . but these are more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6360.0,6390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for businesses or if you are a law firm or\nsomething else. It's hard for me to explain it, but they do large numbers. So he\nwas working for a business that did that. He decided in the last year that he\nwanted to do this himself. So he is working on starting . . . he's just about\nready to start his own business . . .\n\nBERMAN: Wonderful.\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . and doing this. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6390.0,6420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's black hat, beard, the whole thing. He\nlives in Mekor Baruch, and has five children. Elisha and Elizar are twins, and\nthey're nine, and then Avigail and Itzhak and Devorah. They speak Hebrew and\nEnglish. In their schools they just speak Hebrew, but my one request is that\nthey . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6420.0,6450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's my gift is they have an English tutor, who comes all the time.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So they translate for me.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So that's John. Then Bobbie, my middle daughter married a fellow\nwho's somewhat older. He's retired, but he's not Jewish. They're living here\nright now. They're raising the children Jewish. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6450.0,6480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their names are Ezra Eugene, and\nIlan Isaac, so that should tell you all about them.\n\nBERMAN: That's right.\n\nGOLDSMITH: My third is Laurie who's married to Charles Rothschild. Charles's\nmother was my roommate at [Sophie] Newcomb [College]. They knew each other\ngrowing up, but they got together when they were both in Portland, Oregon, and\nlived together for a while and married. They decided to take a new name, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6480.0,6510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lev,\nbecause they wanted a Hebrew name so it's Laurie Hanaw Lev and Charles\nRothschild Lev. Their sons are Shalem Emet Lev and Reuben Ari Lev. I think I\nsaid that before, didn't I?\n\nBERMAN: Yes, but it's fine.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So they keep Shabbas [Sabbath] . . . they do the whole thing. Charles\nplays his guitar. They're hippies . . . my hippie Jews. But they celebrate all\nthe holidays. They don't eat . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6510.0,6540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say they're more Conservative . . .\nor Jewish Renewal more. Shalem went to a Jewish day school for a while. Now he's\nat the Montessori School. They don't eat pork, and they don't eat shellfish, and\nthey try not to do too much on Shabbas. So everyone has come back to the faith.\n\nBERMAN: I think that's wonderful.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6540.0,6570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GOLDSMITH: There's one thing that I didn't . . . this is kind of on the side.\nThere was one item that I had . . . the kids really didn't want all these family\nartifacts. It was just too much responsibility and all the papers. But Morris\nBernstein brought with him a little siddur that was printed in 1840 in Hannover,\nGermany. It was in really bad shape ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6570.0,6600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I re-bound it. I know you wonder about\ndoing those things, but I did have it rebound, so it could . . .\n\nBERMAN: . . . be used . . .\n\nGOLDSMITH: . . . so it could stay together and not totally fall apart. John has\nwanted that. He said, \"After all, I'm the first one since Morris Bernstein, who\ncould read it. You have to give it to me.\" I said, \"No, I can't take it away\nfrom the collection.\" But I gave it to him, but what I did was . . . how am I\ngoing to give ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6600.0,6630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it to him? What am I going to put it in? There's a Jewish book\nclub and we had just read People of the Book. Have you read it?\n\nBERMAN: I've read it.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So the book, the Haggadah in it travels . . . and the people are the\npeople involved with the Haggadah . . .\n\nBERMAN: Exactly.\n\nGOLDSMITH: So I thought, \"I know what I'll do. I will tell the history of the\nsiddur.\" So I had a silver box . . . a cigarette box . . . that we had given to\nmy . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6630.0,6660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gold-plated . . . that we had given to my grandparents on their\nfiftieth wedding anniversary. I thought, \"I'll put it in that.\" I took the\nwedding anniversary on the front and I said, \"Over for history.\" On the back I\nput, \"The siddur's history.\" I had it engraved that it came from Morris and date\nof [his] death, it passed to his daughter at that date. It's written in a way\nthat ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6660.0,6690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at her death to my grandfather, my grandfather to my father, my father to\nme, and me to Yonah in Jerusalem.\n\nBERMAN: That is so wonderful!\n\nGOLDSMITH: So that . . . I was inspired by People of the Book.\n\nBERMAN: My last question really is . . . something that you and I have been\ndiscussing a little bit on the phone . . . over the last couple months, since we\nmet . . . that's your desire . . . you're deciding what to do with all of your\nthings. Your desire to have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6690.0,6720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not just Jews in the South know there was a Jewish\npresence in the South, but to have more people realize that . . . Jewish life in\nthe south happened . . . that there was a Jewish life in the South. Why is that\nso important to you?\n\nGOLDSMITH: I think it's important . . . people all over the country, Christians\nand Jews . . . mostly Jews . . . think that the Jewish experience in the South\nwas a negative one because they see ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6720.0,6750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Ku Klux Klan, they see the kids that\ncame down during civil rights and the treatment of those kids, the Leo Frank\ncase . . . that's to most people the story of Jews in the South. But it is it's\nan aberration. These events are not the true story . . . that Jews were welcomed\nin the South ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6750.0,6780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the very beginning. When the early peddlers came they were\nwelcomed in people's homes. I can only tell you from my experience here that our\nfamily was . . . they were welcomed. My great-great-grandfathers became part of\nthe total community. Whether they were socially accepted? Probably not, but how\nmany immigrant groups with a different culture and a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6780.0,6810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different language are\naccepted anyway? They probably stayed more together, they worked hard, they\ndidn't have time for the foolishness of parties and balls and so on, so they\nprospered, they did very well. They shared, they were philanthropic . . . the\nfirst act of philanthropy was when Betty Goldsmith and Betty Herstein died, my\ngrandparents ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6810.0,6840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and her brother, Bob . . . I think Isaac had died, but Oscar\nGoldsmith was still living . . . they wanted to do something for the city. I'm\nsure they probably approached the city: \"What can we do?\" The city said, \"We\nneed a night playing ball field.\" So they gave land for a night playing field.\nIt's called the \"Goldsmith-Schiffman Field.\" That's why I kept using the name\nthroughout. But not a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6840.0,6870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"day goes by that I don't run into somebody . . . or at\nleast every week . . . that somebody doesn't tell me about their experience at\nthe Field. It's full of wonderful stories. It was such a wise decision. So they\ngave back to the community. My grandfather helped start the first Boy Scouts. I\nhave a little silver beaver that he received. All those records that he kept . .\n. that I gave to the library ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6870.0,6900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along with our business records. So we were . . .\nit was a very positive experience for each generation. There were little things\nthat happened every now and then. I did remember reading in one book that . . .\nit was like an early diary of the Civil War . . . that some young gentlemen were\nknown to break the windows at the synagogue . . . that would have been at the\nMasonic Lodge . . . they were probably reprimanded. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6900.0,6930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there were times . . . it\nwasn't all sweet . . . there were several incidents . . . but on the whole, our\nfamily and I think our Jewish community has been well received here. We've given\nback both in helping the town to grow economically from my grandfather's\nexperience . . . each experience, each generation contributed to the growth ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6930.0,6960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of\nHuntsville and help make it what it is today. The philanthropy is extended to\neach generation. I think what I've done is . . . the assets were here, the needs\nwere here, and I'm the last one here. It's hard to put an end to an era or a\nfamily, but it's a way to leave a lasting name of thank you to the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6960.0,6990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/transcript/22374/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you Margaret.\n\nGOLDSMITH: You're welcome.\n\nBERMAN: This was wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6990.0,7020.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Margaret Anne Goldsmith [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA neighborhood in Jerusalem, Israel.  Mea Shearim is also a neighborhood in Jerusalem.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eReconstruction lasted between 1865 (the end of the Civil War) and 1877.  It was the transformation of the southern United States as directed from Washington, including the re-establishment of state governments and instituting new standards for civil society, such as directing the legal status of freedman, rights to vote, etc.   In addition, the southern states had been devastated physically and literally needed to be rebuilt.  Each state had to reconstitute their government and then be formally reseated in Congress, to be restored to the Union.  This period was greatly resented by the southerners as it was in the hands of the interloping northern victors.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA war fought between the United States (or “Union” or the “North”) and several Southern states that had declared their secession and formed the Confederate States of American (the “Confederacy’).  After four years the Confederacy was defeated, slavery was abolished and the difficult process of Reconstruction was begun.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ku Klux Klan (or Knights of the Ku Klux Klan today) is a white supremacist, white nationalist, anti-immigration, anti-Jewish, anti-Catholic, anti-black secret society, whose methods included terrorism and murder.  It was founded in the South in the 1860’s and the died out and come back several times, most notably in the 1920’s when membership soared again, and then again in the 1960’s during the civil rights era.  When the Klan was re-founded in 1915 in Georgia, the event was marked by a cross burning on Stone Mountain.  It is still in existence.  In the past it members dressed up in white robes and a pointed hat designed to hide their identity and to terrify.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRabbi Wise was an influential and prominent American Reform rabbi, editor and author.  He was one of the founders of Reform Judaism in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1879 as a Reform congregation.  The current building was dedicated in 1899.  It is the oldest synagogue building in continuous use in Alabama.  As of 2015 the rabbi is Rabbi Elizabeth Bahar.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eB'nai B'rith International (from Hebrew: ‘Children of the Covenant’) is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and bigotry. Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe old headstones were moved to the Hebrew section that was set aside by the city, until it was filled in 1960.  That way the boys could be restored as being part of the Jewish community.  There were some empty spaces in the Jewish area that had no gravestones above them.  The actual graves of the boys in the non-Jewish section were left undisturbed and a newer headstone put on them referencing where the old headstones were placed. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II.  The time of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930’s or early 1940’s.  It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the twentieth century to date.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHereford cattle are beef cattle.  Polled Herefords is a hornless variant of the species\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Army Corp of Engineers is a federal agency and is staffed by civilians and military personnel.  It is involved in public engineering, design and construction management.  It provides engineering services such as dredging waterways, flood control, building locks and dams.  It helps after disasters in the environmental sense.  It builds and maintains military bases.  They were established in 1775 when it had one engineer and two assistants.  In World War II, the built bridges and built roads vital to the Allied advance across Europe.  In the Pacific they were combat engineers who cleared jungle, prepared routes of advance and established bridgeheads for the infantry.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA colony of breeding animals, generally birds.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Redstone Arsenal is a United States army post adjacent to Huntsville, Alabama.  Originally it was a chemical weapons manufacturing facility during World War II, but it has since become the focal point of the U.S. Army’s rocket and space projects, including development of the first U.S. ballistic missiles and space launch vehicles in the 1950s.  The Arsenal is now a garrison for various agencies relating to missile defense and NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center.  The base contains a government and contractor workforce that averages 26,000 to 40,000 personnel daily.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for “order”.  The ritual meal eaten at home on the first and second nights of Passover.  The family meal is accompanied by the retelling of the story of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn unleavened bread traditionally eaten by Jews during the week-long Passover holiday when eating bread and other food which is made with leavened grain (chametz) is forbidden according to Jewish law.  Matzah is an obligation during the seder meal, but optioned during the rest of the holiday.  It is hard and flat like a cracker.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two High Holy Days are Rosh Ha-Shanah (New Year’s) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Union for Reform Judaism, formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), is an organization which supports Reform Jewish congregations in North American.  In 1875 they created the Hebrew Union College (HUC) in Cincinnati, Ohio to train rabbis and later cantors and other Jewish professionals.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEtz Chayim was founded in 1964 as a Conservative congregation.  As of 2014 it had about 60 families as members.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4200.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJohn Jackson Sparkman (1899-1985) was the U.S. senator (Democrat) from Alabama from 1937 to 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4500.0,4530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“The Precious Legacy: Judaic Treasures from the Czechoslovak State Collection” was an exhibit that travelled the country for several years from 1983-1986.  The artifacts included manuscripts, printed books, glasswork and porcelain, precious metals and textiles, woodwork, and oil paintings. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=4530.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn December 7, 1941 the Japanese surprised the United States by attacking the United States’ fleet in Honolulu, Hawaii. The ships were all docked in Pearl Harbor. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was the beginning of World War II for the United States, which until that time had remained neutral.  A few days later, Germany declared war on the United States as well and we began fighting in the Pacific and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJ. Lister Hill (1894-1984) was a U.S. senator (Democratic) from Alabama from 1938 to 1969.  Before that he was a U.S. Representative between 1923 and 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5310.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA German rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect (1912-1977) and one of the leading figures in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany during World War II and, subsequently, in the United States.  He is credited as being the “Father of Rocket Science.”  Von Braun was the central figure in the development of the design and realization of the V-2 rocket which used slave labor to build the rockets and which killed 9,000 civilians in England and Belgium in late 1944.  Some 12,000 slave laborers died in the production of the rockets.  After the war, he and some select members of his rocket team were brought to the United States as part of the then-secret Operation Paperclip.  He worked for NASA and served as director of the newly formed Marshall Space Flight Center and was the chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle, which took the astronauts to the Moon.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=5490.0,5520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew: Pesach. The anniversary of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage.  The holiday lasts for eight days.  Unleavened bread, matzot, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise.  On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday is celebrated.  The seder service is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6000.0,6030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA dumpling made from matzah meal, an Ashkenazi custom.  The balls are dropped into chicken soup or boiling water.  They are popular during Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6030.0,6060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNot to be confused with another historic synagogue also called Touro Synagogue in Rhode Island.  The Touro Synagogue in New Orleans was founded in 1828.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6090.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘teaching.  Torah is general term that covers all Jewish law including the vast mass of teachings recorded in the Talmud and other rabbinical works.  Sefer Torah refers to the sacred scroll on which the first five books of the Bible (the Pentateuch) are written.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6120.0,6150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘son of commandment.’  A rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day.  At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes.  He is now duty bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship.  He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6150.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHebrew for ‘daughter of commandment.’  A rite of passage for Jewish girls aged 12 years and one day according to her Hebrew birthday.  She is now duty bound to keep the commandments.  Synagogue ceremonies are held for bat mitzvah girls in Reform and Conservative communities as it has not won the universal approval of Orthodox rabbis.  Usually a number of girls are called up together, often on a Sunday rather than a Saturday, and the girls read selections of other texts rather than from the Torah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6180.0,6210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA kibbutz is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture, although today they are also based on industrial plants and high-tech enterprises. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6240.0,6270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA scribe in Judaism is an expert (usually a rabbi) in the writing of Torah scrolls, tefillin, mezuzot and other legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6300.0,6330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKosher/Kashrut is the set of Jewish dietary laws.  Food that may be consumed according to halakhah (Jewish law) is termed ‘kosher’ in English.  Food that is not in accordance with Jewish law is called treif.  The word ‘kosher’ has become English vernacular, a colloquialism meaning proper, legitimate, genuine, fair, or acceptable.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6330.0,6360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJewish Renewal is a recent movement in Judaism which endeavors to reinvigorate modern Judaism with Kabbalistic, Hasidic, musical and meditative practices.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6540.0,6570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA siddur is a Jewish prayer book, containing a 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Germans.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6630.0,6660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/annotation_set/339/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Jewish text that sets forth the order of the Passover seder.  Reading the Haggadah at the seder table is a fulfillment of the scriptural commandment to each Jew to “tell your son” of the Jewish liberation from slavery in Egypt as described in the Book of Exodus in the Torah.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=6630.0,6660.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/index/47675","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Margaret 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I. Schiffman and Company. . .","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264#t=2149.0,3265.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/35959/file/105264/index/47675/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farmers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I. 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