{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/183416vg3p/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Polazzo, Fay"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2001-09-07 (captured)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Polazzo, Fay (Interviewee)","Kent, John (Interviewer)","Polazzo, John (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum","Esther and Herbert Taylor Oral History Project","Legacy Project of Atlanta"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAt the start of the interview, Fay Diamenstein Polazzo remembers her time in Germany, where she was raised until she was a teenager. Fay was born in 1921 in Heidelberg, Germany, which she describes as a beautiful city. Raised in a kosher home by her parents, Fay describes increasing antisemitism in Germany in the 1930s, such as being chased down by German children with knives. With the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, the pogroms and Kristallnacht that occurred in Germany became increasingly dangerous, and her family moved to Frankfurt, Germany, and then to Milan, Italy. While she was in Italy, she and her three brothers learned Italian, and became immersed in Italian culture. When depicting her family, Fay often repeats her mother’s struggle with mental health, her father’s hard work to secure food for the family, as well as her own struggles with mental health.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e Sometime in 1940, Fay chronicles her brother, Adolfo, and father’s detainment in an Italian jail, until the rest of family were moved to Ferramonti Di Tarsia, an Italian detainment camp. She and her family were there for just over three years, and during that time, she illustrates the life that the Jewish community at Ferramonti attempted to create. She discusses the library, school, and kitchen that the community helped put together, attempting to liven their lives while in detainment. While in Ferramonti, Fay married her first husband, Richard Deutsch, whom she later found out he was a peeping-tom, and later got divorced from him. Following the camp’s liberation in 1943, Fay got married to her second husband, Willy, from whom she had twins, David and Free. Fay stops to ponder about her bad luck with men, until she returned to Italy from America where she met her third husband, John Teseo Polazzo. He became an adoptive father to her twin boys, and they had another son, Alex. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e Towards the end of the interview, Fay and John begin to describe their life in New York after immigrating to America. They worked long hours, however lived a good life in the United States. Fay and John remember fondly together about their life and eventual move to Atlanta, Georgia in 1960, where Fay is involved in the Jewish community.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)","\u003cp\u003eFay Diamenstein Polazzo was a Jewish woman born in Heidelberg, Germany in 1921. Fay was raised in a kosher home to parents who had immigrated to Germany from Poland in order to escape rising antisemitism and pogroms. She had three brothers, Adolfo Diamenstein, one year older than her, and a younger brother, Leo Diamenstein. During her youth, Fay grew up moving between many German and Italian cities while her father worked running a furrier and quilt business. While in Germany, she moved from Heidelberg to Frankfurt, where she described German children chasing her with knives on her way home from school. After the Kristallnacht in Germany in 1938, Fay and her family moved to Milan, Italy when she was 17 years old to escape German antisemitism. Fay and her family were eventually placed in Ferramonti Di Tarsia, an Italian internment camp in Calabria, Italy in 1940. She and her family were there for over three years, where she later attempted suicide twice due to the poor conditions and depression she faced. Following the camp's liberation in 1943 by the British Army, Fay fled into the Italian mountains to hide from Nazi retreat and air strikes while her family left for Switzerland. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e During her time in Italy, Fay married twice, once to a man named Richard Deutsch, and second to a man named Willy, whom she both met in Ferramonti. While she was with Willy, she gave birth to her twins, Alex and Free, in 1944. In 1946 Fay emigrated to New York with her twins. She struggled in New York for just over a year, working in sweatshops, before returning to Italy to reunite with her family in Vincenza, Italy. There she met her third husband, John Teseo Polazzo, with whom had another son, Alex Polazzo. John and Fay got married on January 7, 1952. John later immigrated to America to join Fay, and the couple lived and worked there until moving to Atlanta, Georgia in 1960. During their time in New York, Fay received an education and John worked in the food industry. Fay began a B'nai B'rith in New York City, and the couple had another daughter, Janette Polazzo. At the age of just two years old, Janette passed away due to Leukemia, which Fay described as “the biggest tragedy of her life.” Following their move to Atlanta, Fay became involved in the Jewish community there and attended synagogue every Sabbath. \u003c/p\u003e (bioghist)","\u003cp\u003eFay Polazzo was interviewed by John Kent on September 7, 2000, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Diamantstein (personal name)","Fay Polazzo (1921 - 2007) (personal name)","John Teseo Polazzo (1926 - 2009) (personal name)","David Polazzo (1944 - ) (personal name)","Free Solomon Polazzo (1944 - 2023) (personal name)","Joseph McCarthy (1908 - 1957) (personal name)","Alex Polazzo (personal name)","Janette Rachel Polazzo (personal name)","Victor “Willy” Goldmark (1917 - 1987) (personal name)","Richard Deutsch (personal name)","Leo Diamantstein (1924 - ) (personal name)","Pope Pius XII (personal name)","Benito Mussolini (1883 - 1945) (personal name)","Adolfo Diamantstien (1920 - 2001) (personal name)","Paul Von Hindenburg (1847 - 1934) (personal name)","Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (personal name)","Heidelberg, Germany (geographic term)","Poland (geographic term)","Frankfurt, Germany (geographic term)","Frankfurt Am Main (geographic term)","Milan, Italy (geographic term)","Como, Italy (geographic term)","Calabria, Italy (geographic term)","Rome, Italy (geographic term)","Yugoslavia (geographic term)","Province of Vicenza (geographic term)","Arsiero, Italy (geographic term)","Padua, Italy (geographic term)","Vicenza, Italy (geographic term)","New York City, New York (geographic term)","Canada (geographic term)","Switzerland (geographic term)","Switzerland in World War II (geographic term)","Atlanta, Georgia (geographic term)","Argentina (geographic term)","American Red Cross (corporate name)","Metropolitan Opera House (corporate name)","The City of Hope (corporate name)","Leukemia (topical term)","Janette Polazzo Chapter (topical term)","Twilight Zone (topical term)","Quakers (topical term)","B’nai B’rith (topical term)","Yarmulke (topical term)","Yom Kippur (topical term)","Shabbat (topical term)","Displaced Persons (DPs) (topical term)","Holocaust (topical term)","Reparations (topical term)","McCarthy Era (topical term)","McCarthyism (topical term)","Sweatshop (topical term)","Affidavit of Support and Sponsorship (topical term)","Visa (topical term)","Furrier (topical term)","Lira (topical term)","Typhoid (topical term)","Ferramonti di Tarsia (corporate name)","Concentration Camp (topical term)","Kristallnacht (topical term)","Bar Mitzvah (topical term)","Antisemitism (topical term)","Kosher (topical term)","Passover (topical term)","Gypsy (topical term)","Aryan (topical term)","Hitler Youth (topical term)","Nazi Party / NSDAP (topical term)","Synagogue (topical term)","Yiddish (topical term)","Polish (topical term)","Pogrom (topical term)","Carnival (topical term)","Mardi Gras (topical term)","Immigration to Israel (Palestine) (other)","German Jewish Emigration 1930s-1940s (other)","Italian Campaign (other)","Children During the Holocaust (other)","Emigration of Jews from Germany (other)","“O Sole Mio” (topical term)","World War II (named event)","Holocaust’s Impact on Jewish Population of Poland (other)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAt the start of the interview, Fay Diamenstein Polazzo remembers her time in Germany, where she was raised until she was a teenager. Fay was born in 1921 in Heidelberg, Germany, which she describes as a beautiful city. Raised in a kosher home by her parents, Fay describes increasing antisemitism in Germany in the 1930s, such as being chased down by German children with knives. With the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, the pogroms and Kristallnacht that occurred in Germany became increasingly dangerous, and her family moved to Frankfurt, Germany, and then to Milan, Italy. While she was in Italy, she and her three brothers learned Italian, and became immersed in Italian culture. When depicting her family, Fay often repeats her mother\u0026rsquo;s struggle with mental health, her father\u0026rsquo;s hard work to secure food for the family, as well as her own struggles with mental health.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Sometime in 1940, Fay chronicles her brother, Adolfo, and father\u0026rsquo;s detainment in an Italian jail, until the rest of family were moved to Ferramonti Di Tarsia, an Italian detainment camp. She and her family were there for just over three years, and during that time, she illustrates the life that the Jewish community at Ferramonti attempted to create. She discusses the library, school, and kitchen that the community helped put together, attempting to liven their lives while in detainment. While in Ferramonti, Fay married her first husband, Richard Deutsch, whom she later found out he was a peeping-tom, and later got divorced from him. Following the camp\u0026rsquo;s liberation in 1943, Fay got married to her second husband, Willy, from whom she had twins, David and Free. Fay stops to ponder about her bad luck with men, until she returned to Italy from America where she met her third husband, John Teseo Polazzo. He became an adoptive father to her twin boys, and they had another son, Alex.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Towards the end of the interview, Fay and John begin to describe their life in New York after immigrating to America. They worked long hours, however lived a good life in the United States. Fay and John remember fondly together about their life and eventual move to Atlanta, Georgia in 1960, where Fay is involved in the Jewish community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFay Diamenstein Polazzo was a Jewish woman born in Heidelberg, Germany in 1921. Fay was raised in a kosher home to parents who had immigrated to Germany from Poland in order to escape rising antisemitism and pogroms. She had three brothers, Adolfo Diamenstein, one year older than her, and a younger brother, Leo Diamenstein. During her youth, Fay grew up moving between many German and Italian cities while her father worked running a furrier and quilt business. While in Germany, she moved from Heidelberg to Frankfurt, where she described German children chasing her with knives on her way home from school. After the Kristallnacht in Germany in 1938, Fay and her family moved to Milan, Italy when she was 17 years old to escape German antisemitism. Fay and her family were eventually placed in Ferramonti Di Tarsia, an Italian internment camp in Calabria, Italy in 1940. She and her family were there for over three years, where she later attempted suicide twice due to the poor conditions and depression she faced. Following the camp's liberation in 1943 by the British Army, Fay fled into the Italian mountains to hide from Nazi retreat and air strikes while her family left for Switzerland.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;During her time in Italy, Fay married twice, once to a man named Richard Deutsch, and second to a man named Willy, whom she both met in Ferramonti. While she was with Willy, she gave birth to her twins, Alex and Free, in 1944. In 1946 Fay emigrated to New York with her twins. She struggled in New York for just over a year, working in sweatshops, before returning to Italy to reunite with her family in Vincenza, Italy. There she met her third husband, John Teseo Polazzo, with whom had another son, Alex Polazzo. John and Fay got married on January 7, 1952. John later immigrated to America to join Fay, and the couple lived and worked there until moving to Atlanta, Georgia in 1960. During their time in New York, Fay received an education and John worked in the food industry. Fay began a B'nai B'rith in New York City, and the couple had another daughter, Janette Polazzo. At the age of just two years old, Janette passed away due to Leukemia, which Fay described as \u0026ldquo;the biggest tragedy of her life.\u0026rdquo; Following their move to Atlanta, Fay became involved in the Jewish community there and attended synagogue every Sabbath.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFay Polazzo was interviewed by John Kent on September 7, 2000, in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/242/807/small/Polazzo_Fay.mp4_1718731644.jpg?1718731645","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Polazzo_Fay.mp4"]},"duration":9154.481,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/242/807/small/Polazzo_Fay.mp4_1718731644.jpg?1718731645","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/242/807/original/Polazzo_Fay.mp4?1718731619","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":9154.481,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Polazzo, Fay [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Let's start with your current name and also your birth name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=0.0,8.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. Well my birth name was funny. Diamantstein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8.0,15.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=15.0,16.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Now it's Fay Polazzo. My husband's Italian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=16.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Let's start at the beginning. What was your family ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=22.0,29.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"situation like in your\nearly years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=29.0,32.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My early years were very nice. I was born in Heidelberg [Germany], a\nbeautiful city. My parents emigrated from Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=32.0,44.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=44.0,45.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, because they were persecuted in Poland, as being Jewish. They\nstarted pogroms and they threw people out of the trains. They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=45.0,58.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started running.\nMy mother, I understand, had just given birth to a little girl. Under all these\ncircumstances, she lost the girl. About a year later, the [indistinct: 1:35]\nstarted. She was pregnant with my older brother and the people don't want to\ntake a chance. It was getting so bad, so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=58.0,88.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they escaped to the nearest . . .\nGermany was closest. I don't know about geography too much, but a lot of people\ncame from Poland to Germany and established themselves there. By us it was\nHeidelberg, a beautiful city. My father . . . learned a trade in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=88.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland. He made\nquilts. He started a little store, and he made quilts in the back room. Little\nbaby cribs. . . . [He] worked himself up to a big store. We were very well-off,\nvery well-to-do. I remember when I got my little doll carried with the little\ndoll in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=118.0,148.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it that my father used to sort of sample for his business. We had a good\ntime there. My first year of school was there. I think I even have a picture of\nmy first day of school in Heidelberg. Everything was pretty normal. People liked\nus, we had ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=148.0,178.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends . . . I don't know what . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=178.0,183.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What language did your family speak?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=183.0,186.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, my parents spoke in a lot of Polish together, but they also\nspoke Yiddish. We learned Yiddish, which is a slang. All the other people that\nfollowed [from Poland] spoke Yiddish because nobody spoke Polish and people\ndon't learn Polish, but Yiddish and German are very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=186.0,208.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"close, so they could\nunderstand each other. We had a happy life there. Then they started with the\npogroms. I guess too many Jewish people came. \"What happens when they come?\"\nThey also form a synagogue and they get isolated from the other ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=208.0,238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. My\nfather didn't look Jewish. He is just completely like a German person. Very\ntall, all blond, very blunt, and blue eyes. My mother had pitch black hair,\nbrown eyes, and she was short. So everybody . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=238.0,268.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":". . it started getting bad. They\nstart saying to my father, why did you marry a Jewish woman? Because the oldest,\nmy father was not. Little by little these things came up. Something that is\nreally left in my memory . . . our neighbors that lived next to us. The German\nteenagers started wearing Nazi ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=268.0,298.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"uniforms. They had two different uniforms. One\nwas the brown uniform, and the other one was a . . . I don't remember the color,\nit was a different uniform. One of the uniforms were the bad Nazis. I mean, you\n[had] to stay out of their way. Even as a child, we were scared of them. The\nother ones, they were just plain Germans that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=298.0,328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sympathized. That was our\nneighbor. They were two brothers, and I was very friendly [with them] because\ntheir mother was crazy about my black hair and forever asked me to come in. She\nwould brush my hair, and just said \"don't ever neglect your hair, wherever you\ngo.\" The son that was a real Nazi said something that I never forgot. I was\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=328.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only, at that time, maybe ten years old. He said, \"you know what? When a Jewish\nbaby is born. They should strangle it immediately.\" The brother of this guy was\nalso in a uniform and he was very nice. He said, \"how dare you talk like that in\nfront of that little girl?\" I really was scared of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=358.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. He was really mean, this\nother guy. Then another neighbor was a little girl my own age, and we used to\nplay together all the time. The mother was a widow . We . . . played with dolls,\nand she used to come home from school . . . my school was with all the children\nthat were coming from Hungary and Poland, then the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=388.0,418.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other school was all German.\nWe used to play together, we were good friends. All of a sudden, one day I go in\nthere . . . that's something I don't think I [can] forget either . . . and she\nsaid to me, \"don't come so close to me.\" So I said, \"what's the matter?\" She\n[said], \"my teacher told us that all the Jewish children have lice on their\nhead, and if you come too close to me, I'm going to get all lice in my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=418.0,448.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hair.\"\nThat's how it started. It started with the children, teaching the children these\nthings. It really hurt me because she was a good friend and neighbor. So I said,\n\"well, you better don't come anymore.\" We don't see each other anymore. Little\nby little, the schools the children went [to] . . . I remember going home, maybe\n15 minutes from the school, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=448.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and children would follow me. I was only 11 years\nold. They had a knife in their hand, and they followed me all the way home,\nholding the knife. Like, \"If you if you slow down, they're going to knife you\nand kill you.\" I would run into the house, close the door. They would start\nringing the bell for hours just to bother us. My mother was working ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=478.0,508.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because she\nneeded something from the store, waiting for the kids to leave, and sent me to\nbuy something. Then the Germans started marching. There was one very famous\nsong. The song said that \"children will die and heads will fall.\" Marching\nthrough the streets . . . of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=508.0,538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"course, in German it sounds a little different.\nThose are pretty bad memories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=538.0,544.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Before the time of Hitler, did you remember any of this attitude even before?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=544.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No. All I remember [was] they called me \"Gypsy\" because I have black\nhair. Nobody bothered, really. We went to school, we came home, we went our way.\nWe were very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=551.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"free. That was Hindenburg. Hindenburg used to be the president, and\nhe didn't believe in any discrimination. But, when he died . . . he was old.\nHitler was starting to move in from Austria.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=567.0,588.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: When did the heavy immigration into Germany happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=588.0,593.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Into Germany or out?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=593.0,597.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=597.0,598.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Into Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=598.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Into Germany? Well it looked like the time my parents did . . .\nbefore we were born. My mother was pregnant with Adolfo. He's one year older\nthan me . . . that must have been 1920, something like that. Born in 1921.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=599.0,621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Were all of the immigrants Jewish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=621.0,624.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Mostly, yes. Yes, because the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=624.0,627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polish . . . non-Jews did the same\nthing the Germans did. That's why they left. My father was telling me when they\nsaw a Jew with a beard, because they're all wearing beards at that time, they\nthrew him out of the window. A running train. So, they packed up and left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=627.0,651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What did Jewishness mean to your family? Was it valued?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=651.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=656.0,657.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well . . . we had our organizations. First of all, my parents . . .\nwe belong to a synagogue. I always meant to synagogue, plus my mother was very,\nvery . . . religious. She kept everything by the [books] . . . when it was\nPassover we had to change all our dishes, put them away, get dishes for\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=657.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Passover. We kept all these holidays. She was very, very kosher. Everything was\nkosher at home. We were raised pretty . . . Jewish. My father had a lot of\nbusiness with non-Jews. Being that he looked like a non-Jew . . . he infiltrated\nhimself ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=687.0,717.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everywhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=717.0,718.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=718.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What are some of your other memories of Heidelberg? Especially the Jewish culture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=721.0,730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: It was okay until . . . when Hindenburg died and Hitler took over .\n. . it changed completely. The first thing he did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=730.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[was] make a pogrom. You were\nafraid to go in the streets. In school, the German school started teaching\nantisemitic things: \"to stay away from us, because we are all contagious. We all\nhad some terrible diseases.\" So, they advised their children not to come near\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=748.0,778.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us. We were very isolated. The more isolated you get, the more they throw you\ntogether with other Jews. The German Jews were not very nice to us either,\nbecause they consider themselves more . . . German than Jewish. We had two\nenemies there. We were just the foreigners . . . our parents spoke ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=778.0,808.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yiddish. They\ncould understand each other because German and English are very similar. When\nthings got very bad I remember that we were afraid to go to school because they\nfollowed us home with . . . the children . . . with knives, trying to scare us\nto death. We were afraid to call the shop for . . . my mother needed bread or\nsomething . . . she was afraid to send us. They would come ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=808.0,838.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ring the bell for\nhours. The street started being full of Germans saying that we should get out,\nthat they want kill us. Famous German songs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=838.0,853.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did you respond personally when people with kids at school and\nneighbors would talk like that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=853.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We were very scared. I got very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=863.0,868.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sick. When I was about ten years old\nwhen this started . . . my mother took me to a doctor . . . they said that my\nlungs were infected. I had a very bad time because they . . . took me out of\nschool. I wasn't allowed to go to school anymore. They sent me to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=868.0,898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sanitorium\nfor four weeks, in a German one. We had this German lady who was in charge. Boy,\ndid she make me suffer because I was not a German Jew. I was an emigrant. She\nmistreated me so bad and slapped me around for every reason. . . . By that time,\nI was about 11 years ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=898.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old. I had to stay there for four weeks. It was the\nscariest time of my childhood, when they sent me there. She . . . told me that\nwe didn't belong there. One time I ran away from there, they caught me, and took\nme back. I was not even 12 years old at that time, maybe 11. I was there for one\nmonth. Then when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=928.0,958.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went back, where they told me that . . . they didn't have all\nthis machinery that they have today for x-rays . . . I was a sick little girl. I\nwas weak and sick. When all this started happening, my father lost his business\nlittle by little, because the Jewish people were afraid to go out and non-Jewish\npeople boycotted ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=958.0,988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. So, he decided to sell out. My brother was just going to be\n13 and I was 12. He had a bar mitzvah. We went to the bar mitzvah, and . . . a\nfew days before that, the Nazis . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=988.0,1018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler . . . released all the prisoners\nand told them to destroy all the . . . Jewish stores. The prisoners threw rocks,\nand if a Jew was in the street, he was in trouble, he went to jail. We were all\nhiding. My father was hiding. My brother was having [his] bar mitzvah, and the\none person that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1018.0,1048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to his bar mitzvah was his teacher. Everybody was afraid to\ngo out because they were beating them up, breaking up stores, and all that stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1048.0,1062.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What year was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1062.0,1065.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I see . . . if I was 12 years, close to 12 years old. The\nThirties. Sometime in the Thirties, 1935? Something like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1065.0,1079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1079.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You were born in what year?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1080.0,1085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: 1921. I was 12 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1085.0,1091.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: 1933. 1934.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1091.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right. After his bar mitzvah, my father decided that we are leaving\nHeidelberg. We went to Frankfurt [Germany]. Frankfurt Am Main ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1093.0,1109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a very large\ncity. It's a very large city today, Frankfurt. A lot of Jewish people move[d] to\nFrankfurt. Most of the belongings we had were gone. My father had to start from\nscratch again. We were treated pretty good in Frankfurt. For some reason, there\nwas such a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1109.0,1139.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big Jewish community that [the Germans] were used to them. They used\nto say to me, \"why, why, why are they after you? What did you do?\" We had a\npretty good life for a couple of years in Frankfurt. It's a strange reason. They\ndidn't bother us too much. Then it started there too. Of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1139.0,1169.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"course, when Hitler\ncame to Germany, little by little [antisemitism] went all over. That is my\nmemory from Germany. I was a sick girl and scared, you know? Then Mussolini . .\n. actually, as long as Mussolini was not bothering with Germany . . . he made a\nbig ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1169.0,1199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"speech when we were in Italy still . . . Mussolini became . . . he was very\ngood to the Jews, he didn't care. Then all of a sudden, he became friends with\nHitler. They became allies. When that happened, we knew that we were doomed.\nThere was no way that becomes a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1199.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1229.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did you get to Italy and when?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1230.0,1236.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, that's where I was [going]. I didn't get to Italy really,\nuntil . . . I don't remember now. 19 . . . [Fay asks John] Teseo, when did I\nmeet ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1236.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1259.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 21:06] You went to Italy in 1936.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1260.0,1266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. Palazzo: Oh, okay, he's helping me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1266.0,1270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Do you remember what the circumstances were? To move your family from\nFrankfurt to Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1270.0,1280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The circumstances from Germany to Italy? Well, my father found out\nthat the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1280.0,1289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Italians don't care what what you are. It was true. They were very free\nthinkers. You were a human being, that was, for the Italians. There [was] music,\nthey liked music. They were all singing on the streets. We thought they were\ncrazy. [In] Germany, you don't do this. They're very tough people. Italians,\nthey were singing \"O Sole Mio\" on the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1289.0,1319.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"street. Happy people, you know? My father\ndecided when he saw what was happening. He left his business behind, put us in\nthe train, and went to Italy. A lot of people [came] from Austria, they came to\nItaly, they came from all over to Italy. That's before Benito [Mussolini] was\nallied with Germany. He had nothing to do with Hitler ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1319.0,1349.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yet. So we had a pretty\ngood life in Italy at that time, nobody bothered us, we could do whatever we\nwanted. I remember we didn't have a place to go to and no money. My father, four\nchildren, put on the train. Here I am in Italy, and there was no such thing as\nJewish organization that can help you. There were not many Jews there. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1349.0,1379.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"found\none family that was German Jews, a couple without children. They felt so bad\n[about] what happened to him . . . so, they said said, \"you know what? You can\nhave our apartment because my husband and I are going on vacation. In the\nmeantime, you can find something.\" We moved in there, it was a beautiful house,\nmarble floor . . . really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1379.0,1409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Italian. We lived here for a while, and all of a\nsudden, people come into Italy. Milan. They started looking for . . . places to\nhide. Benito made a big ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1409.0,1439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"speech . . . I'll never forget he was in a car, there\nwas some kind of a holiday. We had started school in Italy. My brother and I . .\n. I had two younger brothers . . . three brothers of [mine] . . . we had to go\nto the piazza because Mussolini was going to cross with a jeep. We had to salute\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1439.0,1469.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. The way he treated us, like any other Italian. My father took us there, and\neverybody was going crazy because we saw Mussolini in person, in this car going\nthrough the road. That's how that's how much we felt at home in Italy. Then, the\npolitics changed. Hitler became friendly ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1469.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Mussolini, when he had made a\nspeech that it will never happen in Italy. He broke his promise. I remember kids\nasking me where we were living. German kids were playing in the street together,\ngoing on bicycles . . . they didn't even know what a Jew was in Italy. They\nsaid, \"what is a Jew? What are you?\" I said, \"what do you think a Jew is?\" [They\nresponded] \"well, they told us that a Jew has four ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1499.0,1529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, three eyes, and they\nlooked very funny. They didn't even look like people.\" They were throwing that\nfrom the airplanes. They were throwing pamphlets against the Jews. The Italians\nwould pick it up and read it. \"Don't let me see you with a Jew.\" That's where it\nall started in Italy. It was pretty ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1529.0,1559.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1559.0,1559.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Do you remember anything about the Catholic cultural environment in Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1559.0,1564.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well that's right. I was going to come to these. [I'll] Never forget\nthese children we played with, I was 12 years [old] at the time. [They] asked me\n. . . I said, \"what do you think a Jew looks like?\" These kids said to me, \"Jews\nare supposed to have three eyes, four ears, and you look like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1564.0,1589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us!\" That was what\nwe call a pogrom. They started throwing leaflets down. They told them, we are\nmonsters. Children go to school. They told them that not not to play with us.\nEverything changed like in Germany. It was really pretty bad. It was scary. We\n[were] still there in Milan [Italy]. Well, I'm getting ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1589.0,1619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"confused . . . I was 12\nyears old, right. 12 years old [when I] went to Milan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1619.0,1625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . You said 1936?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1625.0,1627.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1627.0,1628.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You were 15 then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1628.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No. You went to Milan in . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1630.0,1633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was 12 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1633.0,1635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes. You were in 1933, that's when you went to Milan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1635.0,1639.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Because Adolfo had a bar mitzvah, and I'm a year younger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1639.0,1643.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Adolfo had his bar mitzvah, when he was 13. Then you went to Milan, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1643.0,1648.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1648.0,1649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1649.0,1649.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: There. You take us from there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1649.0,1653.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1653.0,1654.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Don't get confused, all right? Now you go . . . now you have to go\ndown, that is when you start from there. [indistinct: 27:45] Your father was\nthere with your brother. Then, when he came into [Milan], it was 1938. Right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1654.0,1674.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I guess so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1674.0,1676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Mussolini made ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1676.0,1678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a . . . united with Hitler . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1678.0,1682.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, with Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1682.0,1684.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. Polazzo: Because, he [joined] the war later because it came with where? When\nyou came to us . . . you remember? You came from Frankfurt, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1684.0,1695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Frankfurt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1695.0,1696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Germany and Italy. This is when Mussolini got scared away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1696.0,1701.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, he was scared of Hitler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1701.0,1704.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 28:28]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1704.0,1706.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, after he said ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1706.0,1708.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he will never do anything like this, he\nchanged. Hitler scared him, started taking power, and didn't keep his word.\nThat's when . . . that's why my father put us on the train and came to . . . the\nGerman Jews gave us a hard time too, in Germany, because we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1708.0,1738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"foreigners.\nWhen we went to Italy, we had nobody, we didn't speak the language. We had to\nlearn Italian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1738.0,1749.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did all these years of persecution and running affect you? What did it\ndo to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1749.0,1760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, we became very Italian. I almost never went to school. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1760.0,1768.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had\nno schooling whatsoever because we went from one place to the next place. I was\na sick child. It took me out. I was very little, I had very little schooling. My\nfather told me to have some food to eat . . . there were not [any] organizations\nin Italy or something like that . . . he went door to door trying to sell some\nmaterial ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1768.0,1798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for . . . priests. They were wearing these black tunics. He made a\nliving selling them to priests. Material. Then they would make them uniforms. My\nfather was a wheeler dealer. Somehow he always made a few dollars here and\nthere, and we survived. Then, they started organizing. More ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1798.0,1828.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people coming and\nmore people coming. I remember the German Jews saying, \"now we are going to be\nwithout a foreigner,\" which was us. . . . They lost their lives. A lot of them,\nmore than us. Most of us escaped in time. When Benito became allied with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1828.0,1858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitler,\nwe knew already it was bad. \"What are we going to do now?\" We started . . . my\nfather, my parents started changing apartments so they couldn't find us. We went\nfrom one apartment to another and he changed his name to [an] Italian ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1858.0,1888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name. For\na little while, it worked. These people would take us in. They knew, but they\ndidn't say anything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1888.0,1898.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How? How did anybody know that you were Jewish as a family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1898.0,1905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1905.0,1908.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: As foreigners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1908.0,1910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, the name was Diamantstein. Real Jewish name. Then my father\ncut the amount of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1910.0,1919.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"diamond. But, when we were hiding my father looked like a real\nGerman. My father said, \"oh, we need an apartment.\" We just left our apartment,\nwe needed an apartment, so he rented us an apartment. Then, France went into war\nwith Italy. While we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1919.0,1949.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were in an apartment we started being bombed. They would\nfly to Italy, which is right on the border, and they would start throwing bombs.\nWe'd had to run in shelters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1949.0,1960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What year was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1960.0,1962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was wondering, do you remember when that was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1962.0,1966.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I remember when you . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1966.0,1969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: When France started bombing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1969.0,1971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You've gone from one scene to another one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1971.0,1974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: That's why I try to keep it sort of . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1974.0,1978.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Too ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1978.0,1979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1979.0,1979.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Well, maybe we'll start with Kristallnacht?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1979.0,1982.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 33:05]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1982.0,1984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The Kristallnacht? Oh, yes, the Kristallnacht was when my brother\nwas bar mitzvahed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1984.0,1990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You were still in Germany?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1990.0,1992.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. That was the Kristallnacht . . . that's when they broke the stores.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1992.0,1998.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You went to Italy in 1933?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1998.0,2001.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2001.0,2002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: That's . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2002.0,2004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I think it was 1933.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2004.0,2007.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You think that was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2007.0,2009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1933?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2009.0,2009.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 1938.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2009.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Well, Kristallnacht is 1938, so you would have been 17.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2010.0,2014.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Whatever you say, I don't remember now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2014.0,2018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was . . . I was one year younger and . . . my brother was bar\nmitzvahed. Right after the Bar mitzvah, was the Kristallnacht. I remember that\nbecause he was bar mitzvahed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2018.0,2033.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You were still in Germany, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2033.0,2036.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The Kristallnacht, I was still in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2036.0,2039.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany. Yes, I guess I get a\nlittle bit confused with these years. That's when my father decided it's time to\nleave. There is no more waiting. He left all his belongings, everything behind,\nand just put us on the train. We went to Italy, which was close to the border,\nvery close between France and Italy. The lucky thing ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2039.0,2069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is, we didn't go to France,\nbecause in France they were pretty bad, too. Italy was the best place the Jews\nwent to because nobody roughed us up, was mean, or bad to us, not even to\nfascists. They treated us nice. We didn't have any food, and there were no\norganizations that could help us or anything like that. It was . . . my mother\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2069.0,2099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was tried to commit suicide twice because she didn't have dinner for us. She had\nno food for us. She locked herself in the kitchen and I tried to go into the\nkitchen. All the gas was open. She did that two or three times because she\ncouldn't feed us. It was a very bad time at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2099.0,2118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did you respond to that? How did you deal with that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2118.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: It was terrible. I mean, I was at that time . . . already at 12, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2122.0,2128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2128.0,2129.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, you are . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2129.0,2131.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polazzo: When I went . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2131.0,2134.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You're talking about when you went to Italy, right? Forget about\nGermany now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2134.0,2140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2140.0,2142.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Now, the big problem is that you went to Italy, and then Mussolini\nhad to go into war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2142.0,2150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2150.0,2151.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 1940. No, I remember that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2151.0,2154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We started changing apartments so they couldn't find ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2154.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2158.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You were not well, you were 16, 17 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2158.0,2162.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I came to Italy when I was 12 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2162.0,2166.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J.Polazzo: Then [indistinct 36:07] to me. You always said to me that when you\nwere in Italy you were 12 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2166.0,2173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I can't remember every detail, I'm old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2173.0,2176.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Do you want to stop and review a little bit? [interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2176.0,2181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I guess it was not too long after, that we left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2181.0,2185.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2185.0,2186.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: So, that's why I said I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2186.0,2189.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"14. You know, but by the time I was 17,\nI spoke fluent Italian. We went to Milano.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2189.0,2197.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You're young. Young people spoke the language. You guys spoke to me,\nbecause you were young.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2197.0,2205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: All right. We learned . . . Italian in . . . Italy. Milano.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2205.0,2212.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: So you're saying about how your mom had been so depressed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2212.0,2217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. She ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2217.0,2219.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't have food to feed us with and she tried to commit\nsuicide a few times. It was really scary. My brother . . . my mother sent my\nbrother down to the store, told them that my father is working. If they could\ngive us food and put it down, in a month we would pay whatever it accumulate[d].\nThey did ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2219.0,2249.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that so my mother could go shopping for food. They were . . . Italians\nsaved our lives, they were wonderful. They couldn't understand all this. Why was\nthis happening? Because of religion. Because they were not part . . . they were\njust not prejudiced. Of course, Italy is Catholic, [a] Catholic country. They\nfelt sorry for us because we were not Catholics . . . they let us know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2249.0,2279.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that.\nBut, we have good memories in Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2279.0,2284.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What happened after that? After the bombing period?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2284.0,2289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, when the bombing started. First of all, whenever he became\nallied . . . Mussolini became allied with Hitler, I was already a teenager. [Fay\naddresses John] You're right about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2289.0,2309.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, and Adolfo too. Yes, Adolfo was 18, I\nwas 17, you're right. They started picking up Jews and putting them in\nconcentration camps. So, my father started hiding with us. Every month we went\nto different [a] address, so they couldn't find us. He gave him any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2309.0,2339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name. After\nthat, we were in one apartment, the bell rings, and there were these two Italian\npolicemen not in uniform. They said, \"Diamantstein lives here?\" 6:00 in the\nmorning they found my father and my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2339.0,2369.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"brother. They said, \"you are 18 years old.\"\nHe said \"yes.\" So he said, \"okay. We have orders to pick you up and put you in\njail. You're going in a concentration camp.\" My father said to the agent, \"I\nexpected that sooner or later we were hiding. Would you give me\" . . . it was\n6:00 in the morning . . . \"Would you give me until ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2369.0,2399.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"9:00?\" I never forget that\nbecause it's really so Italian, you know? He said, \"if I have to go, I have a\nfew things to do, businesswise, that would help us. I promise you, at 9:00, I\nwill be back. I promise you.\" They did. They left. My father did some things he\nhad to do. They came back and they came back at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2399.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"9:00. They picked up my brother,\nwho was just about 18, my father, and put them in jail. No one should ever be in\njail, in an Italian jail. It was awful. They [were] put together with murderers,\nall in the same place. My brother was scared to death. I was a pretty little\ngirl. I mean, 17, you know, [a] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2429.0,2459.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teenager. Knowing the Italians, I would bring\nfood to the jail every day. I would fool around with the Italian sergeants that\nwere watching the . . . what do you call it? The ones that were . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2459.0,2479.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Prisoners?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2479.0,2480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2480.0,2482.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: The guards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2482.0,2484.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The people who were in charge of the jail. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2484.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'd start flirting with\nthem and say, \"would you mind if I bring some food to my father and my brother?\"\nHe says, \"no, go ahead.\" Every day I went to jail, and brought Adolfo and my\nfather food. My brother said, \"I'm so scared. They put us in the jail with\nmurderers.\" And, \"I'm scared to death. I hope we are leaving soon.\" The one day\nwhen I went to visit them, they told me that they are leaving. I said, \"where\nare they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going?\" [The guards said] \"well, there is a concentration camp in Italy\nnow, and we already have a lot of people in there. We are taking . . . two\nsergeants are taking him to the camp.\" We went to say goodbye. They all put them\nin a train, a whole bunch of them. They took them to Calabria [Italy] . . . to\nthis place here that you showed ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me . . . which is like day and night, because\nthis was North Italy and this was deep South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2550.0,2558.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Do you remember, were you citizens of Italy then, or still Germany?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2558.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We never were. When my father had a business in Italy, he employed I\ndon't know how many people. He opened up a store in Italy and he employed about\neight or ten people. He was making quilts. That's what he tried ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2563.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"originally. He\nwrote a letter to Rome that he would like to become an Italian citizen, and they\nwere antisemitic in that government. They said, no. We didn't . . . if we would\nhave been Italians, they would have left us there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2580.0,2603.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [Those are], kind of, issues with the North. Maybe now, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2603.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before,\nnever. The Italians love [indistinct 43:27] people because their own people were\nnot poor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2610.0,2618.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's what happened to . . . my father, okay? They refused him the\ncitizenship. My father just kept on working, and one day they just picked us up.\nThey started . . . they picked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2618.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up my father, my brother, we said goodbye to\nthem, and the train was full. They sent them . . . put them in a concentration\ncamp in . . . what was the name? What's the name of the concentration camp?\nWell, the famous name . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2640.0,2665.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes. That one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2665.0,2668.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Calabria? Yes, in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2668.0,2671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Calabria. Ferramonti di Tarsia, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2671.0,2673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Don't you go . . . did you go to [indistinct: 44:38] after?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2673.0,2678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: After, after, after! That was after.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2678.0,2681.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: So what are your memories of the [camp] . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2681.0,2685.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The memories of the concentration camp. They took my brother and my\nfather. They took all the men. They didn't touch the women. They didn't touch\nthe children. They just took the men. So, the women . . . what were women going\nto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2685.0,2701.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do? We didn't work, we had nothing to eat, and we were hiding. My mother\nrented a room. One family gave her a room . . . very big home with lots of pets\nin it . . . we moved into the room. Now my other brothers were only 15, 14, and\n13. I was one year younger than Adolfo, so I was about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2701.0,2731.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17 at that time. We had\nnothing to eat, and we couldn't go and say, \"hey, government, we are hiding.\"\nMost of these people like my mother, they just went to the government and said,\n\"can you . . . we heard that they were sending women and children too. My\nhusband is in the Ferramonti di ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2731.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tarsia. Could you . . . could we join him?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2761.0,2765.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: If you had been caught instead of being in hiding . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2765.0,2771.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They would have done the same thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2771.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: So women and children were . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2775.0,2779.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, they put them [on] the train with two agents. They even fed us\nbecause it was so far away from Milan. They gave us food and they apologized.\nThey ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2779.0,2792.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apologized. [Fay speaks to John in Italian] Yes, they had to do it because\nthey sent them. It was their job, they apologized. Before you know it, the\nFerramonti di Tarsia was a very familiar name to everybody, because that was the\nonly camp in Italy where they had families, children, women, men. There was\nanother camp that had old ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2792.0,2822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"men. It was horrible. The climate . . . everybody got\ntyphoid, all this kind of stuff. Mosquitoes there, the toilets were primitive.\nIt was just awful. I mean, the camp was awful. They let us take ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2822.0,2852.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in . . . valises\nwith clothes. Before we got in there, [they] opened up all the valises, whatever\nthey wanted and needed, they took out and kept. Left our clothes in there and\nsome books.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2852.0,2867.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: These were Jewish people or . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2867.0,2871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Mostly, but they were also non-Jewish. We had about 30 . . . I don't\nremember if they were Chinese and Japanese that were living ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2871.0,2882.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. They were\nthere, but mostly it was all kinds of Yugoslavia[ns] that came from Russia, that\ncame from all over and established themselves in Italy thinking they were safe.\nThen Mussolini broke his promise, we all wound up in Ferramonti, and we were . .\n. it was the largest camp in Italy. We were . . . I don't know how many\nthousands. They made a thing around the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2882.0,2912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp so that we couldn't go out. Fences\nand barracks. One side was all men. Even if he was married with a woman, it was\nthere. The children . . . they kept them all on one side, and then they put\nsoldiers in the middle. Until 6:00 in the evening we could all mix. After 6:00\nwas the curfew, the men had to stay ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2912.0,2942.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there and the women and children had to stay\nthere on one side. But if they gave him a pack of cigarettes, to the guys who\nwere watching . . . they came anyway. It was a joke, that camp, I swear to God.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2942.0,2962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What other memories do you have of a day-to-day life there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2962.0,2967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, it was tough. I, at that time, was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2967.0,2972.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17. I was a teenager, and I\ntried to commit suicide twice. I was very depressed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2972.0,2978.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did you try that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2978.0,2980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Overdosing with pills and stuff that some people had. I collected it\nand put it in the pocket . . . I just wanted to die. I didn't want to live\nthere. I was one of the young ones. We had a . . . they put us in a barrack,\nwhere they were all ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2980.0,3002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"women. We had no showers or anything. We had this little\nbasin with water, and we had to disrobe completely. There were about 20 beds in\nthere. I remember I was bashful to be naked in front of all these people and\nwash myself all over. Mosquitoes were eating us up, but I don't know. It was a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3002.0,3032.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"terrible life. They would come in every morning. They came in and they called\nout the names to make sure everybody was there. We had so much fun with those\nsoldiers that were guarding us because they were really illiterate. They didn't\neven know how to count until 50, these people. They never went to school. They\nwere our guards. They would start calling . . . all these foreign names like\nDiamantstein and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3032.0,3062.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Goldman, and they didn't know how to pronounce it to make sure\nthat everybody was there. We used to confuse them. They said, \"all right, how\nmany are supposed to be here? 20? They start counting, one, two, three, four,\nfive.\" I would say ten, and another one would say 12. They said, \"stop it. Now\nwe have to start all over again.\" I mean, that's the Italian . . . that's the\nway they treated us. They did it because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3062.0,3092.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had to, not because they wanted to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3092.0,3095.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Did you know of any organization within the camp or any? Power structures\nor . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3095.0,3102.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Not really. Not really. We did form a library cause they let us\nbring in the books. The library had all kinds of different languages because\npeople came from all over. That was the funny part. They escaped Yugoslavia,\nthey escaped Germany, they escaped . . . and they all wound up in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3102.0,3122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Italy. They\nnever thought it would happen in Italy. They never thought Mussolini was going\nto be allied with Hitler. This was a surprise. We had . . . they let us take the\nbooks in, so we had books in every language. We started a library . . . bring\nback the books and [get] some books to read. Then we had some very rich Jewish\npeople there who were hiding their money, and some like us, who had nothing. The\none who had no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3122.0,3152.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"money in the camp [had] big business going on. See? Who was\nbringing in all that stuff? The Italian agents. They made money. They bought\nsugar, they had big coats, they put [the money] in here and in here. [Polazzo\ntucks her hands in her coat] One Jewish guy gave him money . . . the one who\nbrought us in . . . made business with the Jews in the camp. That's how we ate.\nWe wouldn't have any ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3152.0,3182.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"food. Because by that time the Italians didn't have any\nfood either, it was very bad. Then, the Jews who had nothing just started . . .\nI had an aunt and uncle there. They started bak[ing] . . . they were kosher,\nvery, very religious . . . they started a kosher kitchen in there. [indistinct:\n53:29] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3182.0,3212.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"staff from these families there, agents, and people who had money gave\nhim a few cents. That's how . . . we had a whole business in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3212.0,3224.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Was there any Jewish culture or Jewish traditional life going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3224.0,3229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No, that we couldn't have. No. When it started getting bad. We\ncouldn't . . . we didn't know what was going on, no radio. We had no\ncommunication, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3229.0,3242.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the airplanes. Once, an American flier thought it was the\nGerman Nazi concentration camp or something like that, a camp. He threw a bomb\non us and killed one woman at that time. When that started happening, the men\nstarted digging . . . what do you call . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3242.0,3264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Trench?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3264.0,3265.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, digging trenches. So that when we heard a plane, we could go\ninto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3265.0,3272.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. Then the Vatican sent a man, sent one of his messages to the camp. I\nwant to show you the picture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3272.0,3281.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You remember his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3281.0,3283.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Teseo do you want to get the picture? I kept that purposely to show\nit to them. It's a . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3283.0,3292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3292.0,3294.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You know, the famous quote that never . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3294.0,3299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He converted a few people. He paid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3299.0,3303.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. [Polazzo holds up a picture\nof Pope Pius XII]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3303.0,3309.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Okay, who is this? Who is this picture [of]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3309.0,3315.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Pacelli.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3315.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Pacelli.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3317.0,3319.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Pope Pius.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3319.0,3321.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Pius? How do you say Pius? [Pope] Pius 12. Which was an important position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3321.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: It was just mentioned that [indistinct: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3330.0,3334.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"55:32].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3334.0,3334.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Yes. What is your memory of that visit?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3334.0,3338.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, he converted people, paid them. I said, \"what do we care?\" We\nare Jewish anyway. He paid them. He paid them like 2000 lira, whatever it was at\nthat time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3338.0,3354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Did he have a message to the people in the camp, or was there some policy\nthat he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3354.0,3363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was presenting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3363.0,3364.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Not really. They went actually . . . they went from barrack to\nbarrack . . . and asked people, why don't you become a Catholic, we support you,\nall these things. A lot of people said \"sure, sure.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3364.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: The ones that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3390.0,3393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"converted. What . . . does that change anything for them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3393.0,3398.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Actually, the people who didn't convert didn't like them very much\nfor doing it. It was kind of a no, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3398.0,3407.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: But the others . . . weren't released when they converted?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3407.0,3412.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No, no, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3412.0,3414.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: They had to stay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3414.0,3416.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They understood why they were doing it, for money. We had a bakery\nin the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3416.0,3423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"camp. They were baking. The people who had no money were selling them.\nThey made some money on it. We had our own library in every language. We had a\nsoccer game. The ground was all full of holes, and Adolfo, my brother, used to\nbelong to a team that used to play soccer. Sunday, everybody went to watch the\nsoccer team. The man who was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3423.0,3453.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"charge . . . what do you call that, Teseo?\nColonnello [colonel]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3453.0,3458.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, maresciallo [marshall].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3458.0,3460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Maresciallo didn't bother much with us because he has one person\nunder him who bothered with us. He required that when he was in the camp, when\nhe passed with his horse, or he walked, we all had to get up and salute. We made\nbig jokes out of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3460.0,3483.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that. He came to see the soccer game too on Sunday.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3483.0,3487.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: The times when you would . . . attempted to kill yourself. How did the\npeople around you respond to that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3487.0,3495.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Terrible. I mean, they felt terrible. They said, \"what did you do?\nWe're going to [get] out of here.\" They tried doing encourage me. My mother was\nnot much of a help. My mother was crying all the time. She was not a brave\nperson, she was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3495.0,3513.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scared. I didn't know where my father was. My father kind of\ndisappeared, and we didn't know where he was. We thought he was in the camp.\nNow, Adolfo was in the camp. Then I found out we had a doctor there. If somebody\nwas real sick . . . somethings were contagious. They were afraid. You go in the\nfront to the doctor, and he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3513.0,3543.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said that my father was contagious, that he had TB.\nWhich he did. He had a little bit of . . . thing on the lung, but he didn't have\nTB. He was not a good doctor. My father and I believed that he is very, very\nsick and everybody else is going to get it. It's contagious. So, he sent him\naway to [indistinct: 59:19: possibly 'sensa'], to the hospital. My father stayed\nthere the rest of the war. He ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3543.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't go to camp, but we didn't know where he was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3573.0,3578.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How long did you stay in that particular detention camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3578.0,3583.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Over three years. When we started seeing Germans passing by with the\ntrain . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3583.0,3592.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Well, let's stop for a moment and switch tapes to continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3592.0,3598.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3598.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. Palazzo: You want to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3600.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"add in anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3602.0,3603.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Like what, Honey?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3603.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You know, your life. It was, real, bad life. You had a very bad life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3605.0,3611.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well that . . . is understated, I had a bad time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3611.0,3616.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well, if you were [indistinct: 1:00:17: possible 'Christian'] today.\nYou mix you up. You went in there, then you went out, then you went to a funeral.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3616.0,3626.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was coming to that now. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3626.0,3629.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 1:00:28]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3629.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3630.0,3631.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3631.0,3631.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Whether for you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3631.0,3633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right, right. Well, it was turning out, We were getting so\novercrowded in the camp. They have no more room. Every day, new people. We used\nto go in the front, where the bus brought the people in, and we [were] looking\nif you know somebody or if it's family. My uncle and my aunt came in like that.\nThey caught them all the way . . . they tried to escape, I think, to Israel.\nThey caught the whole boat full ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3633.0,3661.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Jewish people. The British picked them up . .\n. oh, son of a bitch, I remember that . . . and sent them back. They send them\nright straight to the camp. We went every morning to see who was coming in. They\ntold us a lot of stories about what was going on outside, because they had no\nradio, we didn't know what was going on. We got our information from these\npeople who came in every day. So, we were all going there. My ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3661.0,3691.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"uncle, Mann, came\nthere and they had a hard time because they were kosher, they didn't want to\neat. You know what they did? They opened a kosher kitchen in the camp? People\nwere selling . . . people who had money, they were hiding it. We had a lot of\ndoctors that were caught [and] put in the camp. All ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3691.0,3721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kinds. It was tough. I\nremember saying to one guard, I was flirting with him, and I was saying,\n\"wouldn't you just let me go out the door and take a walk outside the fence? I\nam not going anywhere. I have no money, no documents. I promise I'm coming\nback.\" He said, \"I am sorry, but I can't. I know you would, but I can't do\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3721.0,3751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that.\" I got so . . . I started collecting pills, trying to kill myself. I\ndidn't want to live anymore. My mother was no help. She was always crying. She\nwas very depressed. My father was here and she was there. When it came to the\nend, there were so many people that they had no more room. They just could not\ntake them in anymore. They decided they are going ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3751.0,3781.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put us in villages. The\ngovernment in that little village is responsible for us. In other words, they\nhave to give us so much to buy food, you are not allowed to work, and we are not\nallowed to talk to anybody in the village. Even if you go in the store, we can\nbuy sugar or something, no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3781.0,3811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"conversation. Of course, it was wonderful for us to\nget out of the camp. Now very few people . . . you have to realize that very few\npeople spoke Italian. They came from Germany, they came from Poland, they came\nfrom Yugoslavia. They came from all over, hiding in Italy. Then they caught them\nin Italy. So there are many, many, many [that] didn't speak Italian. I was stuck\ntranslating because I spoke German and I spoke ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3811.0,3841.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Italian. I helped them out with\nthe language. While I was in the camp, I learned English. I had a teacher who\nspoke English, taught English, and I told him to teach me. He taught me English.\nI was pretty good [at] conversing in English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3841.0,3863.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How much communication, if any, did you have with the guards and the other\nauthority ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3863.0,3871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people during those three years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3871.0,3873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, not really, no. Now, because like I said, these people [had]\nnever been to school. They didn't know how to count more than 50. They're there\nto watch us. The guys gave them a pack of cigarettes or two cigarettes, and they\nwould let us get together. People who were married and people who were dating.\nThey found that a lot of people got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3873.0,3901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married later on. But they even allowed us\none cabin, a big cabin where you can put in 30 or 40 people. [They] allowed us\nto make a synagogue. So that on shabbats we used to go to the temple. It's like\nthe apologized because we were there and it wasn't their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3901.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fault. We were very\nlucky to be there instead of being in another camp or something. We had some\npeople that got caught from another camp, they escaped, and they voluntarily\nwent to that camp [Ferramonti] . . . to surrender because they knew that we were\ntreated well. They told some stories to us, and we knew how lucky we were to be\nin that camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3931.0,3959.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: After you were moved ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3959.0,3961.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into one of those villages, how long did that continue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3961.0,3969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We moved to the mountain[s] in Italy after . . . I don't know what\nyear it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3969.0,3984.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You left in 1943.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3984.0,3989.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Before? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3989.0,3991.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3991.0,3991.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 1943. You know in Italian, [indistinct: 1:06:33: possibly Italian]\nSo, you went up, they sent you all up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3991.0,4000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right. Yes. They told us they gave us a choice where we want to be.\nWe . . . that's the place that we . . . got my father to go with us. They split\nall the families in several ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4000.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"places, like in a province. One where he was living:\nProvince of Vicenza, then they had him in other places. They're made up of an\naverage of ten families. Between eight and ten families, not more. They made to\ncall them [so] they're responsible, the fascists, to watch us and give us so\nmuch a month that we could buy food. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody was allowed to work. Of course, my\nfather worked right away. He was a quilt maker. He made quilts and he sold\n[them] to the Italians there. It was tough because we were in the house all the\ntime, we couldn't go out. We had a barn to the left. The guy was . . . they\ncalled him Patty Johnny. Patterson, I think in English. He worked underground\nagainst ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fascists, so he protected us. My father started working, finding a\nlittle job, here and there so he could buy some extra money. But they would come\nin any time of the day to check on us. Maresciallo, to see if we were all here.\nIf you weren't here, we [were] in trouble. So, we lived up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. Then the\nGermans came into Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4110.0,4113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well, then they were already there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4113.0,4116.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They were already there, yes . . . did he know that we were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4116.0,4123.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: They did, because you had traveled to [indistinct: 1:08:46: possibly 'Albano'].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4123.0,4128.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, we escaped to [indistinct: 1:08:50: possibly 'Albano'].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4128.0,4132.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, [indistinct: 1:08:57] you went off in the mountains.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4132.0,4136.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I didn't, my mother didn't. Yes, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4136.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they . . . didn't look for\nwomen, they looked for men. Yes, they started looking for us. The new people\nwere hiding. My father and my brother went up in the mountains, they were hiding\nthem there. We stayed there, and nobody bothered us. Yes, it was pretty tough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4140.0,4161.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: There was a time they split you . . . when you got split up. You\nwent from ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4161.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there to [indistinct: 1:09:30], right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4170.0,4173.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My father and my brother?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4173.0,4177.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: We went to [indistinct: 1:09:41].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4177.0,4181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. My brother . . . Leo, the youngest one, he . . . went into the\ntrain. People started to go to Switzerland. Remember?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4181.0,4196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: This was when you were with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4196.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your [indistinct: 1:09:58: possibly 'children'].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4200.0,4201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. Yes, because Leo tried to go to Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4201.0,4204.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: He really . . . everybody tried to go to Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4204.0,4208.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, they tried to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4208.0,4211.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . But he had no papers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4211.0,4214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: But we had no papers. The Germans were going for the trains, asking\nfor papers. My youngest brother . . . he went in a train and somebody gave him\nsome papers with the Italian name. What happened is, they went to . . . a lot of\nJews went to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4214.0,4230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Switzerland. My father said, \"we have to get out of here. The\nGermans are starting to come in.\" The government in that little village gave him\nsome papers. That's how Adolfo met his wife. He just started a romance with an\nItalian girl there. He later married ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4230.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her, Adolfo. We went in a train, we did\ndocuments that were not real, and . . . how did . . . I don't remember anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4260.0,4274.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You went on the train. You wanted to go to . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4274.0,4282.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . We want to go to Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4282.0,4288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4288.0,4290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you couldn't [indistinct: 1:11:30].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4290.0,4292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We did reach Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4292.0,4294.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, through the mountains.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4294.0,4296.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, we found . . . they had the name[s] of 2 or 3 people who . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4296.0,4304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Guides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4304.0,4305.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Guides, the guides. They told us to go to a certain place . . . that\nwas near Como . . . where the lake is. They take you to Switzerland from there\nbecause it was the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4305.0,4320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"border of Italy and Switzerland. My father, my brother went .\n. . me and my mother. Did I go? No, I didn't go. I said, \"I can't do that.\" My\nmother went . . . oh, yes, I had a boyfriend! I had a boyfriend that didn't want\nto ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4320.0,4350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go. The whole family went to the border of Switzerland and Italy, and they\nhad a guide, the name of a guide. They wanted money. My father was a furrier, so\nhe saved some furs and gave him a fur. He took them all the way up the\nmountains. I remember my mother telling me that she couldn't hardly make ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4350.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. She\ncouldn't walk anymore. One of the guides carried her. They had to know where to\ngo because the Germans were standing. Because they knew already what we were\ndoing. A lot of them were caught and they had these big dogs. They attacked them\nand killed them, the dogs. The guy knew exactly how to avoid these people, so\nthey paid ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4380.0,4410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him with something. My father gave him a fur coat. They took . . . not\nme, but my brothers . . . my three brothers, him, and my parents to Switzerland.\nThey're [traveling] there and they didn't wanna let them in. The Swiss are\nresponsible for a lot of people who died. Unless you had documents. My father\nwas hiding. He knew about it. He had his Polish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4410.0,4440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"passport. They said, \"well, you\nare not even from here or there. We can't let you in.\" He said . . . \"if you\nsend us back, we will all get killed. Germans are upstairs waiting for us.\" They\ndid it to quite a lot [of people]. The Swiss people were terrible, terrible. The\nlot of them. Because theres German Swiss and Italian Swiss, see? They sent a lot\nof people back to their death. My father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4440.0,4470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"I am going to keep my passport.\nI'm going to hide it and I am not going to let go.\" He showed them the passport\nand they let him in. So, my three brothers and my parents were safe. That's how\nthey came out alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4470.0,4488.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You stayed back in Italy with your boyfriend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4488.0,4492.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, and got married and divorced later. Was not a very good choice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4492.0,4498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Tell me more about the final ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4498.0,4501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"period of the war . . . [the] year when you\nwere married?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4501.0,4507.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Even when you met me [indistinct: 1:15:11]. You married me with kids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4507.0,4514.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, I know. I married you with two kids. He married me with my\ntwins, when I met him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4514.0,4524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That was 1944, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4524.0,4527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4527.0,4528.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Talk about the last several ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4528.0,4531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"months of the war . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4531.0,4534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, the last month of the war we were in the village there and we\nwere hiding. My uncle and my aunt got caught and got killed. They put them in a\ntrain and gassed them, the Germans. You know about that because they gassed some\npeople from Poland, so they got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4534.0,4561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"killed. It was just a matter of luck, who the\nItalians were where you were next to, [if] they wouldn't tell anybody. We had\ntwo sisters that were living next to us in the mountains. They were real\nfascists, and they gave a lot of people away who got killed. My father went into\nthe stores and everybody thought he was German. He found out a lot of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4561.0,4591.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things\nthat were going on so we could hide. The guy next to us worked in the\nunderground, with the Parisons, so he protected us. It was . . . we really\nstayed there until the war was over, right? Then we went to Vicenza.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4591.0,4618.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes. See you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4618.0,4621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went . . . I thought you went back twice?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4621.0,4624.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4624.0,4625.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You went to Arsiero [Italy]. I want you to listen to me now, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4625.0,4630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4630.0,4631.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You went to Arsiero, and then you got [indistinct: 1:17:13], okay?\nYou went to Arsiero because you got sick, and really went to the [indistinct:\n1:17:16] the camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4631.0,4641.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I got married again, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4641.0,4644.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: When you got well, you went to the police and you told them that you\nwant[ed] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4644.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to go back to the camp because your husband was there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4650.0,4654.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right, yes he's right. Yes, I remember now, you're right . . . how\nfoolish you can be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4654.0,4661.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . Stupid that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4661.0,4664.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's what I did. I . . . my husband that I married there . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4664.0,4671.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What was his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4671.0,4673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Richard Deutsch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4673.0,4674.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, [indistinct: 1:17:53].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4674.0,4676.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: No, Richard wasn't . . . Richard. Willy was my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4676.0,4680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"second husband,\nyou're my third husband. Well, I was conscious they were all after me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4680.0,4688.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You said you were already married?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4688.0,4692.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: See, I was married only in a synagogue. I was not married legally .\n. . I was married in the . . . little synagogue we had. We had a ceremony ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4692.0,4710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there,\nand it was the worst choice I ever made because he was . . . we were there for\nanother ten months in the camp, and I found out that he was a peeping Tom. He\nwas a sick person. I caught him, and we had a little jail for the people who\ndidn't behave in the camp. They put him in there. I asked the guy, the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4710.0,4740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maresciallo in charge, to get him out of my sight, I don't want to see him\nanymore, that he's a sick person. They did, they put me back with all the other\nwomen. Boy, this guy made my life miserable. He followed me everywhere I went.\nHe scared me to death. He was going to kill me and all that stuff, you know?\nThat's all I needed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4740.0,4764.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Then you met Willy, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4764.0,4767.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Then I met a good looking, nice ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4767.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"guy who made . . . all these years\nhe was in the camp, he made business with the guards. He made a lot of money, he\nwas gorgeous, he had this big coat, and all the stuff went underneath. He\nbrought food in. We would've starved to death. They had to close their eyes\nbecause we had some potatoes they gave us to eat, that's all we had. I met this\nguy, fell in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4770.0,4800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"love, and he fell in love with me. I had all the food I needed.\nThen when . . . the Germans started retreating . . . from the war in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4800.0,4830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trains,\nit got very dangerous in the camp. We knew if they found out that we were Jewish\npeople in there, even if they were running away because the British were lending\nall the way down, where this place was. There was the ocean there. Well, the\nBritish [were] landing there, they were coming in, so the Germans ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4830.0,4860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were\nretreating. If they found out there was a camp there, they would kill us, pick\nus up, who knows what. The guy that was in charge of us . . . that we had to\nsalute . . . he's the first one left. He knew that he was in trouble, too. He\npicked up his wife . . . we [got] up one morning, all the guards were gone and\nall the bosses were gone. We were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left alone in the camp. When we heard the\nGermans were coming through . . . that if they find out that we are in a camp,\nthey're going to find time to kill us. Either come in or pick us up. We all\ndecided to leave the camp. It was a horrible time. Whatever we had, clothes,\nwhatever we had, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4890.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4920.0,4920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Was anybody in charge among the prisoners?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4920.0,4924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, yes, we had some organizers. One was my other ex-husband, he\nwas a big organizer, he was a real [indistinct: 1:22:10: possibly 'Italian'].\nVery, very good looking and very smart. We went up in the mountains and we were\nhiding there. Nobody was left. Every day two guys would go down to find ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4924.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out if\nthey [were] still coming or what was going on. It was horrible up there. There\nwere barracks and a lot of olive trees, so we ate olives. No bathroom. You had\nto hide in the woods and somebody was watching . . . to do your business. It was\nhorrible . . . up there. One day, they came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4950.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up, they went downstairs, then it\ncame up and they said, \"the British are coming in.\" That meant that we can move\nback to the camp. We took whatever we had, which wasn't much. I was eaten up\nfrom mosquitoes from . . . my body, you couldn't even recognize my body, it was\nall mosquitoes. We ran downstairs, down. The British, of course, embraced us,\nkissed us, and gave us ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4980.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all kinds of canned fruit. The soldiers. They came with\nbig trucks. They had all these canned fruit. That was our salvation. They said,\n\"well, the camp is loose. You can go wherever you want.\" Where are we going to\ngo? There was a war. The cities were destroyed from the bombs. The houses were\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5010.0,5040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down, the railroad were completely destroyed, there was no train that you could\ntake. They had a couple of trucks. So they said, \"whoever wants to come with us,\nyou can go in the truck. If you can put up with it, the roads are bad. We [will]\ntake you all the way to Naples.\" This was also South Italy, Naples. Me and my\nhusband . . . me and my boyfriend . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5040.0,5070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went in a truck, took whatever we had .\n. . the few trucks were full with people . . . and we went to Naples [Italy]. In\nNaples, of course, they were already freed. There was no more war there. The\nJewish organization was already there and they helped us. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5070.0,5100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moved in with my\nboyfriend, we lived in one room, and he looked for a job or something where you\ncan make a living. We spoke Italian. Then . . . we got married . . .\nunfortunately. He was a dumb one. I mean, he liked a woman and I didn't see him\nfor days, then he came ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5100.0,5130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back. Then my girlfriend started telling me what he was\ndoing, and he told me \"he was doing this\" . . . he was doing this, with women.\nHe just liked women. I wasn't enough for him, I guess. I was pregnant and we got\nmarried. When I went to the hospital to give ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5130.0,5160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"birth, the roads were all broken. A\ntruck took me there to the hospital, to give birth to the baby. I saw a doctor\nonce, they had a Swiss hospital there . . . once or twice. He visited me and he\nsaid I was fine. I went into the hospital and, guess what? I gave birth to\ntwins. Double trouble.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5160.0,5187.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What are the names of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5187.0,5190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"twins?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5190.0,5191.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polazzo: One is David, and the other one is . . . you know, Free asked me a few\ndays ago, \"why did you call me Free?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5191.0,5205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Free Solomon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5205.0,5207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Free Solomon. Because I said we were expecting to go to America.\nBeing that David the twin, was a king who killed the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5207.0,5220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"giant, I had to give you an\nimportant name. I figured, Solomon the Wise. So I called him . . . but being in\nItaly, I called him Fred Solomon. Yes. I had my twins and my husband, well my\nex-husband. But my husband went and had a good time in Rome . . . I was in\nNaples . . . fooling around with girls and women. [He] left me even in the\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5220.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hospital with the kids. He already disappeared for a few days. I was very\nunlucky. Then my best friend told me, \"look, he didn't go to his brother. That's\nwhat he does. So and so and so.\" That was the end of my marriage. But I lived in\nNaples, Italy, with my twins and with him. I stayed with him ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5250.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until . . . I\ndecided I was going to stay with him until I get papers to go to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5280.0,5288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: When was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5288.0,5289.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That was in 1950 . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5289.0,5292.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5292.0,5293.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. I came to America [in] 1956. No?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5293.0,5297.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 1946.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5297.0,5298.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: 1946? Oh, you came in 1956.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5298.0,5301.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, I came in 1953.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5301.0,5304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I guess I don't remember dates anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5304.0,5307.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You came to America in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5307.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1946 with the kids. They were two years old.\nThen you [came] back in 1949 . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5310.0,5318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I was just coming to that, but I didn't know it was in the\nForties. Yes, I guess it was in the Forties, right? Yes. The kids are born 1944\n. . . the twins are born in 1944. It went by quarter, if you had a German\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5318.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quarter, Polish quarter, Italian quarter . . . you [could go] faster. I was\nunder the German quarter because I was born in Germany, so I was lucky. I got\nthe German quarter and I left with the kids without my husband. I went to\nAmerica. Of course, they were all ready to help us there, with [the] Jewish\norganizations. I['ll] never ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5340.0,5370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forget, they told me . . . my husband, my\nex-husband, he had family in America . . . so they picked me up from the boat,\nand his sister gave me a twin carriage. So I have it, they were only two years\nold, the boys, when I went to America . . . two years old. I had a twin\ncarriage, and now I had to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5370.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"find an apartment or something. Nobody wanted to take\nchildren into an apartment. I couldn't find an apartment to rent. I finally\nfound an old house to let me go in there, and we slept and lived all in one\nroom. In the meantime, we started to get bombed. The bombs were falling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5400.0,5420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5420.0,5421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: In . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5421.0,5423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: The government bombed Europe, not America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5423.0,5426.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Not in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5426.0,5428.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Not in New ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5428.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5430.0,5430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You're talking about Europe?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5430.0,5432.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I was talking about Italy. Yes, right. When the kids were born\n. . . I remember in Italy. I remember when they started bombing. I was living up\nthere. I was living in Naples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5432.0,5446.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: The German [indistinct: 1:30:49: possibly 'stopped over'] Naples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5446.0,5450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I lived . . . I put one kid under my arm and one kid under the other\narm, because the alarm sounded. That ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5450.0,5460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"means they are going to bomb. It was like a\nfire trap place to live in. I remember . . . people calling me and saying,\n\"bring the kids down, bring the kids down, leave the house!\" I said, \"I can't\nhold them,\" they were already three years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5460.0,5481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, no, no . . . now you're jumping to America. You're jumping from\nthe mountains to when you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5481.0,5490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were living in America . . . when the German planes\nwere there [in Italy] with the [indistinct: 1:31:37: possibly 'fires'].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5490.0,5498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, that was America. That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5498.0,5501.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: The kids must've been three in 1947.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5501.0,5504.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right, right. Right, because I went . . . I left Naples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5504.0,5509.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5509.0,5510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I left Naples, but without Willy . . . because he had a different\nquarter than I did. Right? Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5510.0,5518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You were in New York with two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5518.0,5521.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kids . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5521.0,5522.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5522.0,5523.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . just trying to make your way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5523.0,5527.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. They had a fire, I had to throw the kids down steps, and I got\ninhaled with smoke . . . they took me to the hospital. Then we had no place to\nlive. I went around with a twin carriage trying to find an apartment, nobody\nwanted kids. I finally, finally found two rooms. They rented it to me and then\nthe Jewish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5527.0,5551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organization jumped in [to] help me out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5551.0,5554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Was your family still in Switzerland?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5554.0,5557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I did not know where my family was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5557.0,5561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: She knew. Your relatives were there . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5561.0,5565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Before I left?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5565.0,5567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Before you left, they came out . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5567.0,5571.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, yes. Yes, before I went to America. Right. When my babies were\nborn, I was in the hospital, and I cried myself sick because I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5571.0,5582.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thought they\n[were] all gone. I didn't think they were leaving . . . my parents and my three\nbrothers. I [had] no news. They didn't know where I was. I didn't know where\nthey were. It was a terrible time for me. I gave birth to the kids and didn't\nknow if my parents . . . then I found out that they had a list with all the\npeople who are in Switzerland. I was hoping maybe they [were] still alive. I\nlooked at the list and my family was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5582.0,5612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. The whole family. My parents and my\nbrothers. I told the Red cross, if they can get in touch with them and tell them\nthat I married and I had twins. That's the news they got. Then I decided my\nhusband had to wait for his quarter . . . I was three quarter . . . he said to\nme, \"why don't you and the kids, go because I had a German quarter. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5612.0,5642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open,\nand I['ll] follow you.' That's what I did. I picked up my train, I went to\nAmerica. My husband's sister picked me up. Then it was downhill because he found\nhimself a different girl before he even came to America and started an affair\nthere. I was stuck with the two kids. It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5642.0,5672.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tough. I had to raise my kids by\nmyself. The organization helped me with food, then they told me to go to school\nand learn a trade or be a secretary . . . be somebody. I was so young still. I\nthink I was 26 years old at that time. I said, \"I have two children to take care\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5672.0,5702.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of.\" They're going to nursery all day. I'm starting to find a job, so they told\nme that they can put the children in a foster home so that I will be free to get\nan education . . . [that] they would take care of it. I said, \"no, I'm not going\nto put my children in foster home. No way.\" They already went through all that\n[in Italy]. I am not going to do that. \"There are Jewish foster homes.\" I don't\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5702.0,5732.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"care that they're going to stay with me. I finally decided . . . they showed me\na place where they put children [when] the parents have to work, they can't take\ncare of them. They only ha[d] about 15 children. It was very nice. They [were]\nnot all dressed alike, they [were] all dressed different[ly]. It was a Jewish\nhome. You can see them anytime you want to and you can go and be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5732.0,5762.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a secretary if\nyou want to. Something like that. I said, \"okay.\" So they sent me to school. I\nleft the children there and I visited them almost every day. Then I found that\none of my little boys started stuttering bad. Stuttered so bad that he couldn't\ntalk. I went . . . they told me that they didn't want to sleep separate. They\nhad two cribs next to each other. One would get ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5762.0,5792.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out and go into the other's crib\nand stay together. When I heard that I couldn't stand it, I said \"no. I'll take\nmy children back, I have to manage.\" I'll take them . . . so, I struggled. I\nstruggled a lot. I kept my kids. One son [is] in New York, I never even hear\nabout him at all. I don't even know he exists. One ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5792.0,5822.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"twin. Free is my good twin.\nHe's a wonderful son. Then we had a son together. [Fay gestures to John]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5822.0,5832.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Did your family come over?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5832.0,5835.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I was getting to that. I was . . . in America for about two\nyears with the children. I had my brothers coming to America, to me. My brother\nsaid, \"this is no ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5835.0,5853.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life for you. You have two kids. Your parents are in Italy.\nThey want you there. They're doing well.\" The father was doing well in business.\nHe says \"you go back to Italy. You don't belong here with the kids.\" So my three\nbrothers put the money together and they sent me back to Italy. That's how I met\nhim. [Fay gestures to John] The best thing that ever happened to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5853.0,5877.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Then the brother came back too!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5877.0,5880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He was such a wonderful father. Their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5880.0,5883.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"old father couldn't be . . .\nFree here, he adores him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5883.0,5888.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Let's talk about how you met your husband.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5888.0,5892.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I went back to Vicenza, which was the city. We were . . . prisoners\nup in [the] province of Vicenza, which was in the mountains. I mean, you go down\n. . . that's near Padua [Italy]. Padua, north Italy. He was in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5892.0,5913.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Vicenza and my\nfather had a business there. I [will] never forget, it was Carnival in Italy . .\n. which is a costume . . . what do you call it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5913.0,5927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Carnival is the way . . . like Mardi Gras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5927.0,5932.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Like Mardi Gras. They have it once a year. My father said, \"I'm\ntaking my help out to this place where there's music and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5932.0,5943.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dancing and you're\ngoing to come with me. Mother's going to take care of the kids.\" I said, \"okay.\"\nI had the best dress that I had, one fancy dress. I put it on, and my father\ntook out all the people that [were] with him, and he was there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5943.0,5965.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Who is he?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5965.0,5967.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My husband!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5967.0,5969.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What's his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5969.0,5971.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: John T. Polazzo, my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5971.0,5974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"angel. He takes care of me now because I'm\ngetting old. He's five years younger than me. I had it all figured out. He . . .\nI was there, and he danced with me. I had about ten . . . dates. They all knew\nthat I came from America, that I was divorced, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5974.0,6004.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that I had two kids because\nit's a small town. But I thought nobody knew about me. He asked me for a date,\ndanced with me, and I dated him. I didn't tell him I had kids, I was afraid.\nI'll never forget, John, when we had the first date, you came in a black outfit,\nand I looked at him because all the black outfit[s] [were] all fascists. He\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6004.0,6034.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes with his beautiful black suit and I say, \"you are fascist. Get out! I\ndon't want to see you anymore.\" Then later on he explained to me, he said, \"you\nknow what? It's my brother's suit. I didn't have a suit. I wanted to look good.\"\nHe started . . . I started dating him, and I didn't tell him about the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6034.0,6064.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kids. I\nfigured I better not. He all along . . . from the first night he met me . . . he\nknew I had kids and he didn't tell me. He waited till I told him that I had two\nkids. He knew I was taking them to the park. You know, it's a small city.\nFinally he confessed to me. He said, \"I know you have two kids, and it doesn't\nbother me a bit.\" So, we took them to the park ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6064.0,6094.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"together and we started dating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6094.0,6096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Then you went back to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6096.0,6099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I told him I have to go . . . ? Oh, yes. I had a visa! The visa was expiring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6099.0,6108.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Tell them . . . you had plans to go to Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6108.0,6113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I had plans to go to Israel because I figured it's my best\nplace to go to. I told him I'm going to Rome [Italy] and I'm ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6113.0,6124.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going to the\nIsraeli consulate. I'm going to tell them that I want to go to Israel with the\nchildren. He went with me to Rome, as a matter of fact. I went to the consulate\nand the consul had said to me, \"look . . . you were in a concentration camp\n[for] four years and you want to go to Israel? Do you know what expects you\nthere now?\" He said they're going to take the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6124.0,6154.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kids, put them in a camp, and\nthey'd take care of the kids. You were going to be out in the fields building\nIsrael with your hands. He said, \"you went through so much. If you have a choice\n. . .'' I told him I had a choice to go to America . . . \"if you have a choice\nto go to America,\" he said to me, \"Go to America.\" Was the best advice I ever\nhad! That's when I decided I was going ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6154.0,6184.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to [go]. Some kind of . . . my mother had\nsome kind of uncles in New York. A very, very good friend of ours from Europe,\nwho did emigrate to America, went to them and said, \"look, you have those\nDiamantsteins that want to come to America . . . [they] need a visa. The only\nway they can come is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6184.0,6214.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if an American citizen sponsors [them].\" He said, \"okay.\"\nSo, he sponsored me because they wanted to make sure that I'm not going to be\nsupported money-wise, or so on. They wanted to make sure that the emigrants that\ngo there . . . what are they going to do until I find a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6214.0,6244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6244.0,6244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: First you came back to Italy, and then went back to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6244.0,6248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I went back when the kids were . . . I went back when the kids\nwere two years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6248.0,6255.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No. Then you [came] back in 1948, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6255.0,6258.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6258.0,6259.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Then you went back to America in 1950, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6259.0,6263.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Who can remember all these things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6263.0,6266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: June 1953 we got married and you came back to America. See, the\nwhole story happen[ed] in two, three years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6266.0,6273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6273.0,6274.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6274.0,6274.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Okay. That's the way it happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6274.0,6277.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6277.0,6278.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That's when . . . after that, that's when we took your parents to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6278.0,6284.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, that's right. My parents came to America. Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6284.0,6288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 1:44:41] to America . . . [indistinct: 1:44:42] to Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6288.0,6293.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Yes. Could you repeat all that because it didn't pick up on the microphone?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6293.0,6298.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6298.0,6299.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You come back . . . to Italy, right? In 1948, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6299.0,6304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1949.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6304.0,6304.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I went back to Italy in . . . 1949. The kids were about what .\n. . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6304.0,6311.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Four and a half years old. In 1950 . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6311.0,6315.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . Then I had to come back because of my visa, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6315.0,6320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: After the consul, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6320.0,6322.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6322.0,6323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: After you went to Rome. You decided to go to America and then one\nweek . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6323.0,6329.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He told me, \"please stay in Italy. Don't go back to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6329.0,6333.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America. Maybe\nI'll never see you again.\" I said, \"look, if it was for me . . .\" Yes. I\nremember . . . that was one of the biggest decisions of my life: if I was\nstaying there I'm responsible for not taking the children to America. I said \"I\ncan't do that.\" Who knows? Because I was scared of Europe. Who knows what's\ngoing to happen? So that's what I did. I said, \"I'm sorry, but my visa ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6333.0,6363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not\ngood anymore. I have to leave.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6363.0,6366.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Did your parents have any recommendation[s]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6366.0,6368.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My parents . . . they were in Italy, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6368.0,6372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: They were in Italy. Then we . . . I just came to America one day\n[because] you wanted to come to America. It would have affected your mother or\nyour dad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6372.0,6384.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, yes. That's right. I started making papers. I had . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6384.0,6389.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . Your mother came. She stayed with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6389.0,6393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6393.0,6393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I had some relatives who were American citizens . . . my\nmother's aunt. Some of them went from Poland to America, the lucky ones. A lot\nof them went to Europe. My mother had an aunt and uncle, and they both had a\nstore . . . each had a store there. I told them to sponsor . . . me because the\ngovernment didn't want to take the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6393.0,6423.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"responsibility.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6423.0,6424.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You were in America trying to sponsor your mother . . . your mother\ncoming to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6424.0,6434.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6434.0,6436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Not you!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6436.0,6438.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, yes! Yes, my parents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6438.0,6442.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Well, how did you decide to finally get married to John?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6442.0,6448.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I was in America without John and . . . ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6448.0,6455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"struggling. The kids\nwho were in the nursery and I was working. I started working in a sweatshop in\nNew York. I packed . . . shoes with all the Spanish people there . . . packing\nshoes, slippers, and stuff like that. I worked in factories, then I worked in a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6455.0,6485.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sweatshop . . . making suites for men. It was tough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6485.0,6489.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Honey, the question was \"how did you . . . marry me?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6489.0,6495.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, I was coming to that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6495.0,6498.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You were writing to me . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6498.0,6502.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right. I was writing to him, and I told him that I'm going to try to\nmake papers, but I can't make papers. I'm not a citizen. I had to go ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6502.0,6515.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to family's\nto do it. Isn't that what happened?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6515.0,6518.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes. You decided to get them to come back and get married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6518.0,6523.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6523.0,6524.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You told me that you're going to make paper[s] until I find another\nway to come here. Go ahead and speak up, tell him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6524.0,6533.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Repeat this because it's not all getting to the microphone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6533.0,6537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: They want you to repeat what I'm telling you. So repeat it. You came\nback to marry me and say that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6537.0,6545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you [indistinct: 1:49:01].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6545.0,6546.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The other boys were about four years old?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6546.0,6550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Four and a half years old, you came back to America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6550.0,6555.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My ex-husband was in America, too. I gave the boys . . . they were\ngoing to a Jewish school . . . I didn't have to add to anybody to leave them\nwith. I was going to go back and get married to him. So, I asked my ex-husband\nto take care of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6555.0,6575.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them, and I'm going to go get married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6575.0,6579.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Maybe if you sit over here that way, the mic would pick you up? That might\n. . . [interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6579.0,6591.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I was telling . . . I want to say this . . . that she came to\nAmerica and we were separated for a year and a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6591.0,6606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"half. We [wrote] to one another.\nShe says, you can try to make the papers . . . this and that. I felt bad because\nat that particular time I didn't have any money. She . . . I was coming from a\nparticular family . . . my story is not part of her story. My father was a very\nwealthy man, but . . . [it] went bad after the war, they went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6606.0,6636.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bad. So I didn't .\n. . I could not send any money to her. Anyhow, she decided to come marry me in\n1953. When you reach there, we discover[ed] that she could not marry me because\nshe was a divorced person. In Italy they don't marry divorced people. From\nthere, we had to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6636.0,6666.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"England to get married. That's what we did. We went to\nEngland to get married and then we went back. There was a . . . we had a\nwonderful time. We had onion and tomato for a week! Anyhow, then she went back\nto America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6666.0,6684.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Then I got stuck there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6684.0,6687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Then she got stuck there because . . . you remember the famous\nMcCarthy law . . . we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6687.0,6696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stuck in between. I couldn't come to America because\nof McCarthy. Then all of a sudden he went out of politics and she sent the papers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6696.0,6705.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We tried all kinds of things. A lot of people came through Canada.\nThey went . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6705.0,6712.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . Yes, I tried to go to Canada. Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6712.0,6716.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They went to Canada first, and then from Canada, they came into America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6716.0,6721.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6721.0,6722.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6722.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . Get some good ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6723.0,6726.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people, some very good people helping me. I\nstruggled, I worked in sweatshops, and I packaged . . . I learned how to make\nstitches in men's sweatshops there. It was hard because . . . it was also\nantisemitic at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6726.0,6751.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6751.0,6753.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: This was in New ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6753.0,6756.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"York?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6756.0,6756.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. Actually, maybe it was not antisemitic, it was anti-foreigners.\nWell, it was a bad time because the soldiers, the American soldiers, were coming\nback and they had nowhere to live. They were looking for apartments. I took\ntheir apartment. They had kind of a resentment because they were going in the\nwar and they come home and they have nowhere to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6756.0,6786.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stay. They gave us a hard time.\nIt was . . . tough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6786.0,6790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: This was the earlier years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6790.0,6792.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6792.0,6793.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You went back now. Now you want to proceed . . . because you were\nleft alone . . . your husband, whatever we did, so on and so on . . . now you're\nmarried to me and back in the country. Now you're worried that I cannot come to\nAmerica because of politics or whatever, have you. Government in America\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6793.0,6815.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"government thing . . . they think we are communists . . . this is what happened\nto us. McCarthy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6815.0,6821.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: But I when I went back . . . that's when we got married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6821.0,6826.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, but I couldn't come right away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6826.0,6829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I know, I left the children with my ex-husband, with their father .\n. . to take care of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6829.0,6836.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right, but anyhow . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6836.0,6839.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He didn't take care of them, I remember that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6839.0,6843.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, but then after I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6843.0,6845.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came . . . then we started it with her\nparents, [which] is number one. Of course, then I promised my parents that I'm\ngoing to bring them over. We spent quite . . . all the money I make, we spent it\nfor parents, parents, parents, and more parents. I would always tell my son,\nFree, \"don't worry about your money. I spend all our money for our parents.\" We\nbrought our parent's here and I didn't send them to your mother-in-law, they\nstayed with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6845.0,6875.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me . . . your mother's parents . . . they stayed with us. This is\nthe way we did it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6875.0,6885.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: When did you add more children to the family? You mentioned three.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6885.0,6891.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Oh, yes, three. There's a saying . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6891.0,6896.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . When he married me, the boys were two years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6896.0,6903.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: They ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6903.0,6904.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6904.0,6905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You have children of your own already?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6905.0,6908.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, I married only one time. Her. For 48 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6908.0,6912.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We've been married 48 years. We had two children together. Yes. Our\nlittle girl died on us when she was two and a half . . . which was one of the\nbiggest tragedies of my life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6912.0,6924.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6924.0,6925.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I thought I went through a lot, with camp, and this and that . . .\nnothing to compare to something like this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6925.0,6933.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: To losing a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6933.0,6935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6935.0,6935.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: To losing . . . and I had all boys, this was my only little girl I\nhad. He was a father to Free and David . . . was a tough time. Alex was one year\n. . . when she died. They were one year apart, my girl and my boy. So, I had one\nbaby to take care of and that's why I survived, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6935.0,6962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How did that baby get his ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6962.0,6965.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6965.0,6965.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: My name? Free? I raised them. The father was . . . I never saw his\nfather until they were, I think they were around 12 or 14 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6965.0,6977.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He saw him . . . the father picked them up a few times . . . for the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6977.0,6985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: But I wasn't . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6985.0,6988.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They got to meet their father . . . I made it my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6988.0,6994.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6994.0,6994.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, but she . . . we never talk[ed] about the father because its\nnot right to talk bad about the father. The father's the father. Anyhow, that\nhappened . . . they wanted to . . . gain my name. [I] said, \"sure. Why not?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6994.0,7012.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: When they were 18 years old, they asked him permission to take his\nname because the other guy was not a father. They made the papers and took his\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7012.0,7024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"name. That's Free and David Polazzo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7024.0,7027.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7027.0,7028.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We have Alex. That's the only child that we have [together]. He's a\nwonderful son, and he lives here in Atlanta.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7028.0,7038.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That is the way it is. This has been a wonderful life. Of course, I\n. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7038.0,7047.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We have a mess here because we are trying to sell the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7047.0,7053.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"house. [Fay\ngestures around]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7053.0,7055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I work[ed] very hard in America. Very hard. I had a very good position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7055.0,7064.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: So did I! I always worked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7064.0,7069.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I gave my kids everything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7069.0,7073.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was teaching for a long time. I was teaching language. Made out\npretty ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7073.0,7082.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good, I had four or five people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7082.0,7085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What's it like for you to tell this story? It seems to touch you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7085.0,7091.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He's very emotional, that's him. What's the matter with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7091.0,7096.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I don't know . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7096.0,7099.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7099.0,7100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I don't know, it's that feeling. I'm very emotional. I already said\n. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7100.0,7107.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . Yes, but you shouldn't cry, you're with your wife ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7107.0,7113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here, we\nhave good sons. What is there to cry about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7113.0,7118.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Love tears. Love tears. I'm sorry, I apologize.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7118.0,7122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My son is building . . . our younger son Alex, that we have together\n. . . he is building a new home and we are going to move in with him. We have\nour separate quarters built. He has a wonderful wife. We ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7122.0,7143.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adore Alex's wife.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7143.0,7145.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: The past is very . . . this particular part is not very happy\nbecause the parents are not here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7145.0,7159.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You miss your parents? I miss my parents, too. That's life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7159.0,7167.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Anyhow, we did a lot in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7167.0,7172.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7172.0,7172.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Our sons, Free, and the other one too, they all adored him. Yes, he\nwas a good father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7172.0,7179.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I did my part. Yes. I'm sorry that I have to be such a baby.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7179.0,7185.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, real Italian. That's what you are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7185.0,7188.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I'm very emotional. This is the . . . only time I can take it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7188.0,7194.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: All Italians are like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7194.0,7196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Even when I was going with my son to the meeting there and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7196.0,7201.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they . .\n. [when] you all speak around the table . . . I couldn't speak. I can't speak,\nyou know that. Let me . . . I don't know. It must be, what do you call . . .\nsomething innate. I can take this thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7201.0,7223.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I can't believe my twins are going to be 56 years old!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7223.0,7229.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[interview pauses, then ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7229.0,7230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"resumes]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7230.0,7230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Let's continue talking about the earlier days when you were still putting\nyour family together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7230.0,7238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: What I wanna tell you is, when I came to America and I [spoke]\nfairly, fairly English to make myself understood. I put the children in a\nnursery, and the woman who was in charge of the nursery with them was much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7238.0,7260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"older\nthan I was. She took me in her . . . what do you say . . . she wanted to help\nme. She said to me, \"you know, you're young and good looking and you're tall.\nI'm going to send you to a club, and it's a women's club. That job would be\nperfect for you.\" She gave me the name, and I went ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7260.0,7290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. It was a women's club,\nthey had lunches there. I sit for the interview, and this wall by the desk says,\n\"you know you're perfect for this job because you are tall, we want somebody who\ncan oversee everybody . . . \" what was going on in the luncheon place . . . \"I\nthink you are really perfect for the job and when can you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7290.0,7320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"start? Give me your\nname?\" I can't believe this happened to me. I said, my name is Fannie . . . it\nwas Fannie, it was not Fay . . . Fannie Goldmark, which is a typical word.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7320.0,7341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: [indistinct: 20:02:21: possibly 'not'] Jewish?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7341.0,7344.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: A typical Jewish name, Goldmark. It is. I said, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7344.0,7350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fannie Goldmark. She\nsaid, okay. All of a sudden she said, \"oh, you know what? I made a big mistake.\nSomebody just hired somebody this morning. I didn't realize.\" The moment I gave\nher that Jewish name, I wanted to go back to Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7350.0,7369.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well they used to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7369.0,7372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . That that happened to me. I couldn't believe it now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7372.0,7378.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Maybe ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7378.0,7379.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not because of that, because of the foreigner [indistinct:\n2:02:59] . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7379.0,7383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . . No no no . . . no, because I spoke to the woman who sent me\nthere [to] the club. I told her what happened and she apologized to me. She\nsaid, \"I'm sorry this happened to you because they're going to hear from me.\" I\ndidn't even know they['d] do something like that. The moment she heard [a] name\ncalled Goldmark.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7383.0,7404.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7404.0,7405.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I mean . . . they couldn't come out and say, \"are you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7405.0,7410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish?\" I had\na lot of under-estimate . . . I worked in a sweatshop. I was working with a lot,\na lot of them. A lot of Italians! The ones from southern Italy, the pasta Italia\n. . . from Napoli, Naples, and Sicily. [They were] very, very ignorant people.\nThey had no education or anything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7410.0,7428.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: It all depends where you come in Italy to . . . it all depends on\nwhere you come from in the area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7428.0,7436.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Anyway, I worked in the sweatshop and I worked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7436.0,7440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrapping slippers. I\nsurvived, took care of the kids, picked them up in the morning, took them to the\nnursery, took another subway, [and] went to work. It was tough, but I wouldn't\ngive my kids to anybody. When I saw what happened to the kids there . . . they\nwere going into each other's crib . . . I took them out. Then I start[ed] to\nlook [after] the kids, and I wanted to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7440.0,7470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"learn something. I went to evening\nschools, I got a friend to stay with the kids. I learned some stenography at\nthat time . . . I used a lot of stenography, I learned some. I figured maybe it\ncan work in [an] office. Then, of course, the Jewish . . . the more people came\nto America, the bigger they got . . . the Jewish agencies. They started helping\nus ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7470.0,7500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out. I got an apartment with the kids, and they paid the rent . . . gave me\nso much a week for food so that I can go to school and do something. There were\na lot of people who resented that, because at that time, the soldiers came back\nand they had nowhere to go. It was a bad time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7500.0,7519.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Was there any money coming from Germany at the time to pay for what they\ndid to the people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7519.0,7525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I got . . . years later . . . I got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7525.0,7529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a one-time . . . $1,200.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7529.0,7531.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: For four years of your life?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7531.0,7534.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, one time. Well, at that time, $1,200.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7534.0,7538.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Four years in there . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7538.0,7542.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Would you believe that? $1,200? The $1,200 were enough for a down\npayment on a house, at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7542.0,7550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well, they were not enough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7550.0,7553.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7553.0,7554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, no . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7554.0,7557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Oh, yes. Your mother gave ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7557.0,7560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"$1,000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7560.0,7560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: It doesn't matter. The point . . . whatever I'm saying . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7560.0,7565.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's very important, it's very hard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7565.0,7568.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: She's right, because I'm very upset with the German[s]. She [made]\nall kinds of papers . . . she had papers! They got the [indistinct: 2:06:12] to\ntell her that she . . . that that was no concentration camp. In my eyes, [that]\nwas prison. I mean, I know where she was, and I know how they act. She wasn't\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7568.0,7589.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supposed to go on the street, to go to the movies, this and that. They're\nsupposed to stay there. To me, that's . . . it's prison! If you don't want to\npay for that, I'm not . . . we didn't do it, the Italians did it. But, they did\nit because you pushed them to do it. This is what it's all about. Just now, for\ninstance, they gave me $500 . . . from Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7589.0,7614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Got $500.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7614.0,7615.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I am very . . . I'm like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7615.0,7618.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this, I'm very emotional. I'm very\ntemperamental too. I take the check and send it back there and to keep it for\nthemselves. I mean, $500 . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7618.0,7629.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was supposed to get a monthly . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7629.0,7633.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . Pension.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7633.0,7635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Pension . . . from Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main. I made all the\npapers and I sent it out. I went even to the post office and sent them . . .\nregistered and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7635.0,7648.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything. Never heard from them. Then I went to the post office\nand sent another one, with a note. One of my brothers got a life pension, and I\nnever got it. I don't know how they work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7648.0,7663.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: There's still a lot of injustice done. It will be like that all the\ntime, I'm sure of it. But for instance, this Holocaust survivor . . . if they\nwait another couple of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7663.0,7678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years . . . they do have billions of dollars. Especially\nthe Swiss. The Swiss, believe me, they made a fortune on those people because\n[the] Swiss [were] taking money. They don't make money, that's the way the Swiss\nwork. I mean, [Switzerland] is a beautiful country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7678.0,7695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Do you know what they did with the people . . . my brothers who were\nthere? My parents and my three brothers were in Switzerland and they didn't feed\nthem. They were starving and they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7695.0,7708.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made them work, cutting trees, sweatshop,\nstuff like that. My parents lived in a different part of Switzerland . . . they\nweren't in the same place. My parents used to take the bread that they gave him\nto eat, wrap it up, and send it to my brothers in Switzerland. The bread . . .\nthey didn't eat . . . to send it to my brothers. That's the Swiss. The Swiss\nwere terrible and they made them pay ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7708.0,7738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"plenty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7738.0,7738.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, not good enough . . . I don't know how much money they [have]\nnow. I'm not after their money, I'm just saying . . . the last money, the last\npenny they had belonged to go to the Holocaust survivors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7738.0,7753.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7753.0,7754.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . To the prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7754.0,7757.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Today we could use the money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7757.0,7760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: There's no doubt this is very injustice, this or this. I'm not . . .\nAmerican people are the only ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7760.0,7768.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people in the world who helped humanity. I believe\nin that because . . . Europeans . . . for instance, Italy they are . . . they\ngive you anything, everything they have. Maybe now they are rich, but years ago\nthey had nothing. I understand now the Italian[s] want to bring back all the\nItalian . . . they [are] begging for me to go back. I never lose my citizenship.\nIn fact, I can go back there . . . now I'm old, but they want ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7768.0,7798.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me to go back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7798.0,7799.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You have American citizenship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7799.0,7801.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I know, I'm just saying they want . . . they would like to have all\nthe Italian[s] back to work now. Now that they are doing pretty well economically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7801.0,7811.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That was a wonderful time, when I became a citizen, because I was\nnobody, I wasn't Polish, I wasn't German.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7811.0,7818.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7818.0,7819.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was nothing, I had no citizenship at all, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7819.0,7823.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How would you say you found the strength to build a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7823.0,7827.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life alone with kids?\nIn a foreign country?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7827.0,7829.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I was very strong . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7829.0,7832.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . Considering a few years earlier you had been so depressed, you\nwanted to kill yourself. How did you . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7832.0,7840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I was very responsible to watch my children. I wanted my\nchildren to have a good life in America. When I went with the children to Italy,\nhe cried like a baby. He said, \"stay in Italy. We can have a good life here.\" We\nprobably would have had a good life in Italy. I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7840.0,7857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said to myself, I said, \"how can\nI take American citizenship away from my boys?\" I couldn't. I couldn't bring it\nover me to do that. My visa was good for another ten days, and we were still\ntalking. I said, \"I cannot do it to my children.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7857.0,7871.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well, you see . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7871.0,7873.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I had my children. What if something happens again in Europe? What\nif it is a war when we get killed? I came to it . . . which was for me, I would\nnever have come back to America. I did it for my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7873.0,7887.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"children. That's a mother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7887.0,7889.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, that's very true, what you're saying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7889.0,7893.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's why . . . that's why I don't hear from David anymore. I lost\none in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7893.0,7901.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Lost in the crowd.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7901.0,7903.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: In Brooklyn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7903.0,7905.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, america is a big country to offer too. I mean, I am not\ncomplaining about America, but . . . you have to work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7905.0,7916.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He worked ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7916.0,7918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7918.0,7918.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You have to work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7918.0,7920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We were happy. We sold and bought eight homes. He worked two jobs\nfor seven years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7920.0,7925.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Seven years . . . give me seven years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7925.0,7928.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, seven years. I counted it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7928.0,7930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You did?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7930.0,7931.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. Seven years he worked two jobs. In the morning, he worked at a\nclub . . . the Metropolitan Opera House in New York. He worked there [for] seven years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7931.0,7940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 15.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7940.0,7941.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: 15 years. Made good money there. That's how we started buying the house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7941.0,7945.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, but I'm going to say, I'm not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7945.0,7948.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"complaining about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7948.0,7949.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You could hardly speak English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7949.0,7951.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, I worked myself up to be a general manager of a Hilton. I had\nto work very hard for that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7951.0,7959.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7959.0,7960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Like I explain to my kids, either I work or I stay home with you.\nWhat do you want me to do? You want to go [to] a country, in the mountain[s]? I\ngotta go to work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7960.0,7973.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: When the kids were 18 years old, they surprised ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7973.0,7977.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him by saying \"we\nwant to change our name. We want to be your sons.\" Because he raised them. He\nwas the father.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7977.0,7985.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That's why sometimes I become so emotional. In my past . . . this is\nin my mind all the time. Especially when it comes to the older boys. My youngest\nson was [a] different story. We have more money. We have more for everything.\nBut don't forget, I give to the old one[s] too. I said to my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7985.0,8007.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wife, \"I don't care\nabout money. Just give it . . . You got to give it to them.\" I want to see what\nthey are doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8007.0,8016.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My ex-husband has children all over the place . . . Free . . . Free\nhas a half-sister in New York somewhere, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8016.0,8024.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8024.0,8025.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: It's true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8025.0,8026.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That's why I said to all my boys, \"don't worry about it. Do whatever\nyou have to do. Whether you feel to do with . . . if you have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8026.0,8036.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it.\" In my case, I\nsaid, \"I want you to have everything. I don't want you to tell me he's your boy\nand now we are not because you are all my boys. Very simple.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8036.0,8048.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That was the biggest . . . I think it was one of the biggest\ndecisions in my life to come back to America when I met him. The boys were young\nand he was like a father to them in Italy. I loved Italy so much, and I really\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8048.0,8066.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sacrificed . . . what I wanted all my life was to stay in Italy with him . . .\nso the children could be in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8066.0,8076.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8076.0,8077.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's what I did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8077.0,8079.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What brought you to the South from New York?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8079.0,8083.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That's a good question. Her brother was in Atlanta, Adolfo. He's\nalways going around . . . he knows in my business, food and beverage business.\nHe said, \"come to Atlanta, you're going to find a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8083.0,8097.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"job. You want to [indistinct:\n2:14:59] in that.\" I was already coming up in New York. In New York, it's\ndifficult for a foreigner to become a top. See? Especially when they promote within.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8097.0,8110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . and the accent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8110.0,8113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: . . . and the accent, of course. I had a tough time, I'm talking\nabout 30 years ago . . . I never went to school for English. She taught me\n[with] the books and the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8113.0,8127.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"newspaper. Anyhow, we moved through to Atlanta and I\ncut my salary in one third of what I was making in New York . . . [when] we came\nto Atlanta. I said to her, to Fay I said, \"six months, if I don't make enough\nmoney back, back we go.\" Because when we came, it was summer. In New York, I\nwasn't working at the Met. The Met was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8127.0,8157.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"close[d]. [The] season's only [a] six\nmonths job. We made a tremendous amount of money. Anyhow, I came to Atlanta and\nwe stayed. This is when I started going up and up and up. So, we stayed here. We\nwere out of Atlanta, in and out already . . . four times? Always in . . . we\nwere in Atlanta, we went in Georgia . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8157.0,8181.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . [indistinct: 2:16:25] Eight times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8181.0,8184.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, no . . . the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8184.0,8187.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"houses, eight times. In Atlanta . . . is the third\ntime because we were in and out all three times, right? Anyhow, we were down\nsouth for . . . from 1960 . . . to 1974. Not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8187.0,8217.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1974 . . . 1965. 1965, 35 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8217.0,8221.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, then we brought all his family here. His mother, father, sister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8221.0,8227.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: We spent so much money, even from my father and mother. Then in the\nend, just by talking like that, he said, \"you don't have to spend no money. Your\nfather's born in America.\" My father was born in America, South ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8227.0,8247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8247.0,8247.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: In Argentina.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8247.0,8248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: In Argentina. [They] said, \"you don't need nothing, just you need a\n. . . stamp.\" If you got any minor[s] in the family, she can come with him. She\nwas 18, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8248.0,8261.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Then I called my mother, my parents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8261.0,8264.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: That was before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8264.0,8266.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . They take X-rays. They used to do that, they used to take x-rays.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8266.0,8273.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, everything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8273.0,8274.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They let my mother ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8274.0,8276.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go and my father . . . they didn't let go because\nof his license . . . he wasn't sick, he had his car. So, my mother came by\nherself . . . crying for a few months. We took our parents only in our house . .\n. in our family. Because, number one, they do not know language, [they have] no\nmoney. You got to keep them with you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8276.0,8301.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8301.0,8302.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Okay. My brother-in-laws, they [indistinct: 2:18:24: possibly\n'whine'] don't want ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8302.0,8306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8306.0,8306.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 2:18:26]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8306.0,8307.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What was the southern culture like for immigrants, for foreign people\ncoming here . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8307.0,8312.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8312.0,8313.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . In the Sixties?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8313.0,8315.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The Sixties?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8315.0,8316.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Dio [God], it was tough!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8316.0,8318.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: You said your work was difficult. I'm wondering what the sense . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8318.0,8323.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: No, no, no, no. Not in this sense, there's . . . in my opinion, New\nYork already [is] rough, but if you become friendly, that's it. There's nobody\n[that] can beat New Yorkers. New York is a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8323.0,8335.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very . . . [John addresses Fay] We\nbelieve in that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8335.0,8339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes, we had good friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8339.0,8341.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Not only [us], everybody. If I tell you \"I see you tomorrow,\" I['ll]\nsee you tomorrow. Tomorrow is there. I don't care if you live a hundred miles\naway. In here, it's \"I'll see you later.\" You never see them. I said to my wife,\n\"what does this mean, 'I'll see you later?'\" It's just a saying!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8341.0,8360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That means you might never see them again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8360.0,8363.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: It was rough, and it's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8363.0,8365.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still been rough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8365.0,8366.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He worked for seven years in one place at the Metropolitan Opera\nHouse in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8366.0,8371.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: 15 Fay!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8371.0,8372.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: 15. Wait a minute, the club . . . ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8372.0,8375.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Oh, the club. The club, I worked . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8375.0,8378.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You worked in the morning in one place, then he went to the\nMetropolitan and worked there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8378.0,8383.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: I worked 15 years and I traveled 60 miles one way. Three hours every\nday, back and forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8383.0,8389.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: [Fay addresses Kent] Are you familiar with New York?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8389.0,8392.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Some.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8392.0,8393.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You lived in Long Island, that's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8393.0,8395.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8395.0,8395.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: But I enjoy it . . . that's why I was never home. She was the one\nwho raised the girl . . . the girl, the boys. I'm their own money . . . just [a]\nmoney machine!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8395.0,8409.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They spend their own [indistinct: 2:20:10: possibly 'book'] only in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8409.0,8413.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, only in America. We had a wonderful time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8413.0,8417.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: How has Jewishness been a part of your life in America?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8417.0,8421.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: That's a good question. I belong to a synagogue in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8421.0,8425.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta. In New\nYork, of course . . . everybody has . . . it's easy. But in Atlanta, it was not\nas easy because you have to travel all the way down downtown to go to a temple.\nI joined the temple and went there on Sabbaths. Many times he went with me to\nsynagogue on holidays. Even now, when Yom Kippur comes ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8425.0,8455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along, he goes with me.\nHe puts on a yarmulke.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8455.0,8459.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, because I'm old . . . cover my head.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8459.0,8463.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: He's a good Catholic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8463.0,8465.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Can you make any comments as to how you raised your children based on . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8465.0,8472.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8472.0,8474.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . the type of experiences you've gone through. What you'd want them to\nlearn about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8474.0,8481.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right. Well, we really . . . I really raised them ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8481.0,8486.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish. He never\nobjected to it. He wasn't much of a churchgoer, like you'd run to church.\nBecause I told him, if you want to go, go Sunday. He goes for service. But, the\nchildren had a Jewish father originally, and it was my duty that the children\nshould be Jewish. They were raised Jewish and went to temple with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8486.0,8516.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me. Later on,\nI formed . . . in Atlanta, I formed . . . was it in New York when I formed the\nB'nai B'rith?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8516.0,8525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8525.0,8526.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: New York. I formed a B'nai B'rith.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8526.0,8529.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, women of the . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8529.0,8532.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . I was the leader there and I worked very hard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8532.0,8537.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 2:22:23] Janet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8537.0,8539.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8539.0,8540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: What qualities of each of you would you want your kids to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8540.0,8545.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inherit or to\nlearn from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8545.0,8547.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well the thing is this: they have intermarriages too. Free is a . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8547.0,8554.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: He's Jewish, but . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8554.0,8557.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: They call it . . . Friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8557.0,8561.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: The Quaker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8561.0,8563.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The Quakers. He turned out to be a Quaker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8563.0,8567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: But he . . . he told me he's still a good Jew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8567.0,8573.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: We used to go to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8573.0,8576.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"service . . . Quaker service. It is a\nnon-denominational thing really. They say prayers that anybody can be Jewish or\nCatholic, and they are all friends. We went a few times with him, but I gave the\nchildren a Jewish education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8576.0,8595.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Alex did not . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8595.0,8599.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Huh?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8599.0,8600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Alex didn't want to be anything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8600.0,8604.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Alex? Well, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8604.0,8606.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alex is . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8606.0,8608.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Well, he had a tendency to be Jew[ish].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8608.0,8612.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Yes. Yes, Alex was . . . he was . . . pretty Jewish too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8612.0,8619.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Right, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8619.0,8621.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Then he got married [to] a Catholic. He's married to a Catholic, our\nyoungest son. I simply adore my daughter-in-law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8621.0,8630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Oh, she's wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8630.0,8632.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Catholic or non-Catholic. She's the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8632.0,8635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"best.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8635.0,8635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: I wonder if this is a Twilight Zone sort of a question . . . if you could\ngo back to when you were young, moving around in Europe, and always on the run,\nwhat would you want to tell yourself knowing what you know now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8635.0,8650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I would like . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8650.0,8653.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Tell yourself to do or not to do, you mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8653.0,8657.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Anything if you could . . . as an adult, if you could talk to yourself as\na teenager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8657.0,8663.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Right, yes I know what you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8663.0,8665.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8665.0,8665.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Especially considering you were so close to dying at one time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8665.0,8670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8670.0,8673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: . . . Something you learned later that would be helpful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8673.0,8678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, I guess I learned to be non-prejudicial. That is number one.\nIt doesn't matter if . . . that I learned from the Catholic country. I was\nliving in Italy, which is a Catholic ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8678.0,8694.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country . . . that they I never asked you\n\"oh, you're Jewish, are no good.\" I would say, non non-prejudicial. I raised my\nchildren like that. My son, David in New York, wrote me a letter that he's a\nteacher, and he has this boy . . . a black ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8694.0,8724.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boy . . . that needs to be away from\nhis family. Could I sent him to you and you take care of him for a while so he\ncan learn about family and family life? I said, \"send him.\" Well, he sent this\nlittle black boy to me. Alex at that time was not married yet, he was living\nwith us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8724.0,8750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: [indistinct: 2:25:59]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8750.0,8752.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My son was so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8752.0,8755.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"non-prejudicial that, he didn't know what it was . . .\nthat he shared a bed with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8755.0,8762.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, you want [indistinct: 2:26:02] . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8762.0,8766.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: . . . That's the way I raised my children. I got so much hurt\nbecause I was Jewish and I wanted my children to learn that religion has nothing\nto do with it. That people are people. That's why I like the B'nai B'rith,\nbecause the B'nai B'rith got ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8766.0,8786.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involved [with] a lot of non-Jewish people. As a\nmatter of fact, we used to go and meet black couples to learn how they live, how\nthey live in the neighborhood, and the children . . . we used to get together .\n. . in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8786.0,8803.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Along with teaching people not to be prejudiced, what would you want to\nteach young people who are on the victim end of that? How to . . . how to cope\nwith being a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8803.0,8816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"victim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8816.0,8816.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: How to cope with a victim? That's hard to answer. I think it's very\nindividual. I mean, I was raised . . . I must admit, I was a very strong person\nbecause I raised my children, I didn't give them away to anybody. No matter how\neasy that would have been [for] me. But, I think it's individual. Some people\nare strong. Some people have nervous ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8816.0,8846.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"breakdown. It's . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8846.0,8848.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: I ask because maybe in the future, people won't be able to relate to Nazis\nchasing after Jews. That will seem like history. But to be young and to be\ninsecure, to be alienated or to be down . . . people can still relate to that.\nI'm wondering what you learned that might be useful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8848.0,8870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: It's more . . . [indistinct: 2:27:51] the best part of the family\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8870.0,8876.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"type. Some firmly believe that family is the number one. That's where you learn\nmost of your mistakes or whatever. I, myself, recently went through a war. In\nAmerica, they went through a war, but they were not in the war. There's a\ndifference between European countr[ies] and this country. Otherwise, we are very\nunderstanding of a lot of tragedies in the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8876.0,8906.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"world. We are more sympathetic about\nit. We have . . . we are softer, we are more giving.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8906.0,8915.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: I taught my twins, when we were living in New York . . . when I\njoined the B'nai B'rith . . . that I used to go to a mentally disturbed place,\nwhere all the mentally disturbed people were. I took Free with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8915.0,8936.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me, because he\nwas driving. I brought [a] radio, food, and they got all ready. They got all\nexcited, they got dressed up because they knew we were coming. I danced with\nthem. One was telling me that the president is his friend, and they were waiting\nevery month for us like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8936.0,8966.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"manna from heaven. Free played ping pong, almost\ncolliding with them. I think Free learned a lot from them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8966.0,8974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Yes, you got an example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8974.0,8977.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: My sons learned a lot from me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8977.0,8981.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You got an example with Free. He learned from her. Free tells me all\nthe time, whatever he is like . . . is because of [his] mother. That's the way\nhe was brought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8981.0,8996.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up. To me, these things . . . it means a lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8996.0,9002.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Alex went to school because he was so much younger than the boys,\nand [John] was working all the time. Then I started working for retarded\nchildren. We . . . some children couldn't even walk. We got . . . we worked with\nthem to the point where they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9002.0,9026.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started going on their knees and then getting up.\nTeaching them where the sugar was. [Fay points along the wall] They had a car\naccident which affected their brain . . . oh, it did us a lot. Then, when we\nlost our little girl, I formed a . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9026.0,9049.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: Chapter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9049.0,9050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: A chapter and called it Janette Polazzo chapter. Her name ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9050.0,9055.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was\nJanette Rachel. Janette Rachel Polazzo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9055.0,9058.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: The City Hope . . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9058.0,9061.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: The City of Hope. I worked for the City [of] Hope for years in New\nYork. As a matter of fact, my daughter's name, when she died, Her name is in\nCalifornia. The city of Hope is named after Bob Hope. Bob Hope is the one who\nstarted at the city of Hope in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9061.0,9085.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"California. When people had children with\nleukemia or some kind of deadly cancer, they could call to the city of Hope and\nstay with the child until the child died. Bob Hope did that. He . . . my\ndaughter has a plaque there . . . California with her name in the city of Hope.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9085.0,9111.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Is there anything else you'd like to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9111.0,9115.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"add then? Before we close? Any other\nimages or messages?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9115.0,9122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: Well, the message is: don't be selfish. No matter what you go\nthrough, somebody else always has something worse than you do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9122.0,9138.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KENT: Well, thank you both.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9138.0,9141.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"F. POLAZZO: You're welcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9141.0,9144.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"J. POLAZZO: You're ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9144.0,9146.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/transcript/68040/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"welcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=9146.0,9176.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Fay Polazzo is a Jewish woman who grew up in Heidelberg, Germany. Around the age of 12 she moved to Milan, Italy, where she learned Italian and became enamored by the liberal Italian culture. With antisemitism increasing across Europe and Benito Mussolini’s partnership with Adolf Hitler, Fay and her family were placed in the Italian internment camp, Ferramonti Di Tarsia. She was there for three years until the camp was liberated in 1943. Following her liberation, Fay later moved to America, where she raised her three children with her husband, John Teseo Polazzo.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=16.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Heidelberg is a city in southwest Germany, near the Neckar River. Founded in 1386, Heidelberg is only 48 miles south of Frankfurt, Germany, and is home to Germany’s oldest university, the University of Heidelberg.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=32.0,44.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Pogrom is a Russian word meaning \"to wreak havoc, to demolish violently\" that historically refers to violent attacks on by local non-Jewish populations on Jews. Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire were large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting that first began in the 19th century. Pogroms began occurring after the Russian Empire acquired territories with large Jewish populations from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Ottoman Empire during 1772–1815.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=45.0,58.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Yiddish is the common historical language of Ashkenazi Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. It is heavily Germanic based but uses the Hebrew alphabet. The language was spoken or understood as a common tongue for many European Jews up until the middle of the twentieth century. Although the terms “Yiddish” and “Yid” are sometimes used to refer to Jews, Yiddish is a reference to a person's language and not necessarily their ethnicity, religion, or culture. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=186.0,208.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e A synagogue is a Jewish house of worship where the congregation meets for religious services and instruction.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=208.0,238.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The term “Aryan” when used in relation to the Third Reich means the Nazi vision of the blond-haired, blue-eyed physical ideal of men and women. According to the Nazis, “Aryans” belonged to the master race of perfect humans. Everyone else was considered to be racially inferior. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=238.0,268.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Hitler Youth [German: Hitlerjugend] was a youth organization of the Nazi Party in Germany. It existed from 1922 to 1945. It was modeled after its adult counterpart, the Sturmabteilung (SA), and was paramilitary in organization. It was for males 14 to 18 years of age. There was another section for young boys called Deutsches Jungvolk and a girls’ section called Bund Deutscher Madel [German: Association of German Girls]. The Hitler Youth were viewed as future “Aryan supermen” and were indoctrinated as such. The Hitler Youth put emphasis on physical and military training. The organization emphasized sports as a means of preparing boys for service as soldiers in the armed forces or, later, in the SS. They had uniforms like the SA with similar ranks and insignia. It also served to indoctrinate students with the National Socialist worldview.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=298.0,328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP), commonly known as the “Nazi Party,” was a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945. The party’s leader was Adolf Hitler. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric. In the 1930s the party's focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes. Racism was also central to Nazism. The Nazis aimed to unite all Germans as national comrades, whilst excluding those deemed either to be community aliens or of a foreign race. The Nazis sought to improve the stock of the Germanic people through racial purity and eugenics, broad social welfare programs, and a disregard for the value of individual life, which could be sacrificed for the good of the Nazi state and the “Aryan master race.” The persecution reached its climax when the party-controlled German state organized the systematic murder of approximately 6,000,000 Jews and 5,000,000 people from the other targeted groups.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=298.0,328.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAdolf Hitler (1889-1945) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer (“leader”) of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of Nazi Germany, he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and was a central figure of the Holocaust.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdolf Hitler applied for entrance into the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, Austria twice and was twice rejected, once in 1907 and again in 1908. For the next five years, Hitler struggled to earn money by selling small paintings, mostly images of buildings and other landmarks in Vienna that he copied from postcards. By 1914, Hitler was serving in World War I and would later enter politics. In his autobiographical manifesto, Mein Kampf, Hitler claimed that his antisemitic views formed during his time as a struggling artist in Vienna. His frustrated art career became part of the myth making—by Hitler himself and by his followers—that helped drive his fateful rise to power in Germany.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHitler was drafted for Austrian military service at the beginning of World War I but turned down due to lack of fitness. After moving to Germany, he enlisted as a German soldier in the summer of 1914 and was deployed to Belgium in October. Over the next two years, Hitler served first as an infantryman and then as a private. He won two decorations for bravery, including the Iron Cross First Class and was wounded twice. He was recovering from his second injury when the war ended.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHitler loved animals in general, but his favorite were dogs and especially German Shepherds. He was known to have had several dogs during his lifetime.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=544.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e “Gypsy” is a racial slur often used to refer to Roma, [singular Rom; also called Romany]. Roma are an ethnic group that originated in northern India but live worldwide today, principally in Europe. This minority is made up of distinct groups called “tribes” or “nations” and includes the Roma, Sinti and Lalleri family groupings. They were called “Gypsies” because Europeans mistakenly believed they came from Egypt. As a traditionally nomadic group, Roma have often been viewed as outsiders. For centuries, Roma were scorned and persecuted across Europe. Among the groups the Nazi regime singled out for persecution on so-called racial grounds were the Roma, Sinti, and Lalleri (Gypsies), whose fate was parallel to that of the Jews. Some 23,000 Roma in the Greater German Reich were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. At least 19,000 died there. Uniquely, entire families were housed together in a special compound that was called the \"Gypsy family camp.\" In the spring of 1944, camp leadership decided to murder the inhabitants of the Gypsy compound. After transferring as many as 3,000 Roma capable of work to Auschwitz I and other concentration camps, the SS killed the remaining inmates on August 2, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=551.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Paul Von Hindenburg was the president of Germany from 1925 to 1934. Born in Prussia, Hindenburg became a German field marshal who later led the German Imperial Army during World War I. Hindenburg’s political views were opposed to Adolf Hitler’s and the Nazi party, however, he ultimately played a large role in the Nazi rise to power when he appointed Hitler as the chancellor of Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=567.0,588.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the 1930s, antisemitism became more intense in Poland. At the universities, Jews experienced discrimination and exclusion. Unofficial quotas restricting Jewish enrollment to around 10 percent was introduced at some universities. Jewish students often endured harassment. Most were required to sit in segregated areas of the classroom known as “ghetto benches” [Polish: getto ławkowe]. There was physical violence as well. Right-wing students frequently assaulted their Jewish classmates. In Lodz, organized attacks wounded and killed Jews in April 1933, May 1934 and in September 1935. Wealthy Jews were arrested in 1938 and guards were placed outside Jewish shops to prevent non-Jewish customers from entering them. As the invading German forces advanced east in September of 1939, hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees fled westward. Most fled so suddenly, they took only what they could carry and had no specific destination in mind. Few made contingency plans or took the time to prepare adequately for a long journey. When the Russians then annexed eastern Poland and a German-Russian demarcation line was established, 300,000 Jewish refugees found themselves trapped on the Soviet side of a heavily guarded border. Some of the refugees returned home, while about 40,000 continued their flight fearing arrest and persecution in either German- or Russian-occupied territory. Many headed to Romania, Hungary, and Lithuania, only to later become victims of mass killing operations when German forces advanced deep into Soviet territory in 1941. The vast majority of the Polish refugees, however, remained in Soviet-occupied Poland. In 1940 and 1941, Soviet secret police officials arrested many of the refugees, who were considered “unreliable elements,” and deported them to Siberia, central Asia, and other locations in the interior of the Soviet Union. While they endured horrible conditions, this paradoxically saved the lives of a few hundred thousand Jewish refugees. Most of those Jews who survived were in Russian during the war – 170,000 returned to Poland during the first repatriation in 1946 and an additional 19,000-20,000 returned in the second repatriation from Russia in 1956. As German forces entered Poland, the Jews they encountered were immediately singled out for abuse or massacre. Anti-Jewish persecutions were introduced that impoverished and separated Jews from their Polish neighbors. After the German occupation of Poland, restrictions were immediately placed on Jewish communities that were meant to economically and socially isolate them. The Germans decreed that every Jewish business must have a German Treühander [German: trustee]. In November 1939, all Jewish bank accounts in German-occupied Poland were frozen and Jews were limited in the amount of money they could withdraw. In November 1939, all Jews in German-occupied Poland were forced to wear an armband or yellow star on their clothing to identify them as Jews. Jews in the Warthegau (the German-annexed territory of western Poland) were required to wear a badge on their chests, which was a yellow Star of David on a black field with the word \"Jew\" inscribed inside the star. In the General Government, that part of Poland directly occupied by Germany, Governor General Hans Frank ordered on November 23, 1939, that all Jews over the age of ten wear a \"Jewish Star\": a white armband affixed with a blue six-sided star, worn over the right upper sleeve of one's outer garments. There were heavy penalties for those caught not wearing it. As the Germans invaded and made their way east through Poland, Reinhard Heydrich, a high-ranking German official, instructed that Jewish communities of less than 500 persons were to be dissolved and their populations transferred to the nearest concentration center. 100,000 Jews from German-annexed territories in Poland (the so-called province of Danzig-West Prussia, District Wartheland, and East Upper Silesia) were deported in the fall and winter of 1939-1940. In October 1940, around 7,000 Jews from southwestern Germany were deported to unoccupied France and interned at the Gurs concentration camp near the French-Spanish border. In 1940 (one year before the Germans commenced their program of extermination), Soviet ruler Joseph Stalin ordered the deportation of at least 200,000 Polish Jews—including thousands of Jewish refugees who had fled from German-occupied Poland—from Russian-occupied Eastern Poland. They were sent to Siberia, central Asia, and other locations deep in the interior of the Soviet Union. Many died in appalling conditions in Gulag labor camps in Siberia, where they were forced to work excessive hours in extreme cold and little food. Those Polish Jews who were not deported by the Russians were not spared misfortune, however, as the majority were killed after the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. As German forces entered Soviet-occupied territories of Poland in 1941, the Jews they encountered were also immediately singled out through policies of exclusion for abuse or massacre. Mobile killing squads called “Einsatzgruppen” followed the German army as it advanced, carrying out mass-murder operations in Jewish communities in what is sometimes called the “Holocaust by Bullets.” Those who survived were typically forced into ghettos. Most of the Polish ghettos were short-lived and destroyed after the 1942 Wannsee Conference, which framed the policy of the \"Final Solution.\" Then, in June 1943, SS chief Heinrich Himmler ordered the liquidation of the remaining ghettos in Poland. Jews capable of work were removed to forced labor camps and those incapable of work were sent to killing centers. Throughout German-occupied Europe, a concerted effort was made to locate Jews in hiding. Anyone who aided Jews was harshly penalized and rewards were offered to individuals willing to turn in Jews. Neighbors often betrayed others for money or out of support for the regime and blackmailers squeezed money or property from Jews by threatening to turn them in to the authorities. Some German collaborators acted out of opportunistic motives and others from antisemitic sentiments. After the war, there were accusations some Jewish survivors had helped the Germans tack down others Jews living in hiding in exchange for the collaborators’ freedom or that of their relatives. In German-occupied Poland, helping Jews was a crime punishable by death for both the helper and his or her family. Nevertheless, according to Yad Vashem, Poles represent the biggest number of people, grouped by nationality, who rescued Jews during the Holocaust. Examples of Polish attitudes towards their Jewish neighbors varied widely from actively saving Jewish lives to passively refusing to inform on them. Only approximately ten percent of Jews in Poland survived the Holocaust. In all, approximately 3,000,000 of a pre-war Jewish population of around 3,300,000 were murdered. The Soviet defeat of Germany in Eastern Europe led to a tremendous geographic shift in Polish territory and, ultimately, to the establishment of a communist dictatorship in Poland which was largely antisemitic. After a surge of anti-Jewish violence in 1946, over 75,000 Jews streamed out of Poland into the Allied-occupied zones in Germany, Austria, and Italy. In many cases, emigration was illegal and Jews had to rely on clandestine organizations to escape Poland as the relationship between the western allies and Russia had significantly deteriorated. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=627.0,651.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Pesach [Hebrew: Passover] is the celebration of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzo, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelites during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday, is celebrated.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=657.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Kashrut is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jews are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law. Food that may be consumed is deemed kosher, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér, meaning \"fit\" (in this context, \"fit for consumption\"). In colloquial English, kosher often means \"legitimate,\" \"acceptable,\" \"permissible,\" \"genuine,\" or \"authentic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=687.0,717.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Antisemitism is prejudice against, hostility to, or hatred of Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=748.0,778.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e A bar mitzvah [Hebrew: son of commandments; plural: b’nai mitzvah] is a rite of passage for Jewish boys aged 13 years and one day. At that time, a Jewish boy is considered a responsible adult for most religious purposes. He is now duty-bound to keep the commandments, he puts on tefillin, and may be counted to the minyan quorum for public worship. He celebrates the bar mitzvah by being called up to the reading of the Torah in the synagogue, usually on the next available Sabbath after his Hebrew birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=988.0,1018.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrankfurt [German: Frankfurt am Main] is a central German city on the Main River. In 1933, more than 26,000 Jews lived in Frankfurt, making the city the second-largest Jewish community in Germany. As soon as the Nazis rose to power in January 1933, the Jews of Frankfurt, like Jews all over Germany, were subjected to discrimination. The city's Jewish mayor was immediately kicked out of office and many Jewish workers were fired from their jobs. The Nazis in Frankfurt began their anti-Jewish boycott earlier than the rest of the country, and continued boycotting Jewish enterprises after the official one-day boycott of April 1, 1933. The Jews of Frankfurt responded to their community's seriously deteriorating economic circumstances by establishing a widespread welfare system. By 1935, almost 20 percent of the Jews in Frankfurt were being assisted by the welfare network. The Jewish community also boosted morale by setting up its own cultural activities, including a symphony, theater groups, and sports programs. During the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938, many of the city's synagogues were burnt down, Jewish stores were attacked and pillaged, and homes were ransacked. The Frankfurt yeshiva was also destroyed. Soon, thousands of Jews were arrested and over 2,000 were sent to Buchenwald. The grave violence led many Jews to flee the country, and by May 1939, only about 14,000 Jews were left in Frankfurt. Just a few months after World War II broke out in September 1939, the Gestapo began the Aryanization process of confiscating Jewish property. The Frankfurt municipality bought Jewish community property for much less than its true worth, and the Jewish cemeteries were vandalized. In March 1941 Jews were made to do forced labor, and in October, the first Jews were deported to Lodz. On November 11, 1,052 Jews were sent to Minsk, and another 902 were deported to Riga on November 22. During 1942, 2,952 Jews from Frankfurt were sent to Theresienstadt. More Jews were deported eastward in late 1942 and throughout 1943. The last transport of Jews from Frankfurt was transferred to Theresienstadt in January 1944. Altogether, only 600 Jews from Frankfurt survived the war.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1093.0,1109.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBenito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (1883-1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party. He ruled Italy as Prime Minister from 1922 until he was ousted in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. He was known as “Il Duce” (“The Leader”). Mussolini was captured and executed near Lake Como by Italian partisans on April 27, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1169.0,1199.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e“O Sole Mio” is a Neapolitan love song created in 1898 by Giovanni Capurro, Eduardo di Capua, and Alfredo Mazzucchi. It is well known worldwide and translates to “my sunshine.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1289.0,1319.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Milan is a city in northern Italy and is the second largest city in Italy. It is the capital of Lombardy region. The city was heavily damaged by bombings in World War II, but was rebuilt after the war.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1409.0,1439.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWorld War II (abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Most countries fought in the years 1939–1945 but some started fighting in 1937. Most of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. World War II was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died. The majority were civilians. It included massacres, the deliberate genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1684.0,1695.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e In January 1933 there were approximately 523,000 Jews in Germany. Approximately 304,000 German Jews emigrated during the first six years of the Nazi dictatorship. When the Nazis came to power, there was an initial wave of emigration, mostly to neighboring European countries, which would later be occupied by the Nazis. In 1938—especially after Kristallnacht—Jewish emigration increased dramatically. Only about 202,000 Jews remained in Germany by the end of 1939. By October 1941, when Jewish emigration was officially forbidden, the number of Jews in Germany had declined to 163,000. Until October 1941, German policy officially encouraged Jewish emigration. However, American immigration quotas and the increasing reluctance of European and British Commonwealth countries to accept additional Jewish refugees combined with increasingly restrictive German policies to make emigration increasingly difficult. The cost for Jews to leave Germany was increasingly and prohibitively high in the years leading up to World War II. Most of the German Jews who managed to emigrate after Kristallnacht were completely impoverished by the time they were able to leave. In order to further pay the various taxes and restrictions imposed on Jews leaving Germany and the high cost of emigration, many Jews were forced to sell their real estate, possessions, and other assets for far less than their actual worth. To keep the purchase and sale of Jewish property and assets “legal,” local currency offices policed emigration. German authorities considered Jewish belongings and their financial capital to German property and Jews who emigrated were not allowed to take anything of material value with them. The amount of currency (10 Reichmarks, or about US $4) and assets Jews were allowed to take out of Germany was also highly restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1828.0,1858.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e On November 7, 1939, Herschel Grynszpan, a 17-year-old Polish Jew living in Paris, shot German diplomat, Ernst vom Rath in Paris. Grynszpan apparently acted out of despair over the fate of his parents, who are trapped along with other Polish Jewish deportees in a no-man’s-land between Germany and Poland. The Nazis used the shooting as antisemitic propaganda fervor, claiming that Grynszpan was part of a wider Jewish conspiracy. When Vom Rath died two days later, the Nazis used the incidence to fuel violent pogroms. On November 8 and 9, 1938, the Nazis started a state-sponsored nationwide pogrom. Across the country (and in Austria) Jewish synagogues, homes and businesses were looted and burned, Jews were attacked on the streets and 91 were killed. Thousands of Jewish men were sent to concentration camps for several weeks and released only when they agreed to leave the country as soon as possible. The Jews were made to pay for the damages to their premises. The pogrom was called “Kristallnacht,” which means “Night of Broken Glass,” because of all the damage done to Jewish shop windows. Thousands of German Jews and close to 6,000 Austrian Jews were arrested after Kristallnacht and deported to the Dachau or Buchenwald concentration camps in Germany. Most were released within a few weeks, but only if they promised to immigrate immediately, leaving their property behind.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=1979.0,1982.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Adolfo Diamantstein is the brother of Fay Polazzo. He was born in 1920 in Heidelberg, Germany, where he grew up with his two brothers and sister, Fay. With the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, Adolfo and his family fled Germany to Italy, where they lived and learned the Italian language. In 1940 Adolfo and his father were sent to the Italian internment camp, Ferramonti Di Tarsia, where they were imprisoned until 1943. Following his liberation, Adolfo traveled through the Italian mountains to Switzerland, where he lived with his family before later moving to America. There, he became involved in the toy manufacturing business as a sales representative and later retired in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2309.0,2339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The term “concentration camp” refers to a camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy. In Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945, concentration camps (Konzentrationslager; briefly “KL” or “KZ”) were an integral feature of the regime. The Nazis differentiated between concentration camps, which were used to contain slave laborers and prisoners of the Nazi state, and extermination camps, whose primary purpose was the systematic killing of prisoners. Shortly after coming to power in 1933, the Nazis began to set up a series of concentration camps across Germany. Those were mostly local initiatives: facilities that the SA, SS, and police established on an ad hoc basis, where they would detain and abuse real and imagined enemies of the regime. By 1934, there were over 100 of these early camps in operation. When the Nazi regime came to power, they systematically persecuted both Jewish and non-Jewish Germans perceived to be opponents of the regime. Political opponents (Communists, Social Democrats, liberals) were some of the first victims housed in “temporary” detention centers like Lichtenburg. Jews, homosexuals, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses, clergy who opposed the Nazis, and any others whose behavior—real or perceived—could be interpreted as being in opposition to Nazi political and racial ideologies were also persecuted and incarcerated. The Nazi regime refused to tolerate criticism, dissent, or nonconformity from the German people. Non-Jewish German political activists were treated harshly but other political opponents remained potentially valuable members of the German race. The goal behind their internment in and subsequent release from concentration camps was often a kind of reeducation that would see them fall into line with the regime’s political and racial ideologies. Between 1933 and 1939, tens of thousands of Germans were sentenced by the criminal courts. If authorities were confident of a conviction in court, the prisoner was turned over to the justice system for trial. If the outcome of criminal proceedings were unsatisfactory, the acquitted citizen or the citizen who was sentenced to a suspended sentence would still be taken into “protective detention” and incarcerated in a concentration camp. The first concentration camps were established in 1933. Various authorities set up the makeshift “camps” in empty warehouses, factories, and other locations. Camps were established in Oranienburg, north of Berlin; Esterwegen, near Hamburg; Dachau, northwest of Munich; and Lichtenburg, in Saxony. By the end of July 1933, almost 27,000 people were housed in these camps. Most of the prisoners were political opponents of the Nazi regime. By the end of 1934, most of these early camps were disbanded and replaced by a centrally organized concentration camp system under the exclusive jurisdiction of the SS.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2309.0,2339.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Also known as “Ferramonti,” Ferramonti di Tarsia was an Italian internment camp in South Italy during World War II. Located in the town of Tarsia, Italy in the Calabria region, Ferramonti was the largest of the Italian internment camps created by the Italian leader, Benito Mussolini. Ferramonti was established in June 1940 and there were over 3,800 Jews living there at its peak. During their time there, Jews like Fay Polazzo created a library, synagogue, and school within the camp. Ferramonti was the first Italian internment camp to be liberated by the British Army in September 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2671.0,2673.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Children were especially vulnerable to Nazi persecution. When World War II began in September 1939, there were approximately 1.6 million Jewish children living in the territories that the German armies or their allies would occupy. When the war in Europe ended in May 1945, more than 1 million and perhaps as many as 1.5 million Jewish children were dead and tens of thousands of Romani children, 5,000-7,000 German children with physical or mental disabilities living in institutions, as well as many Polish children and children residing in German-occupied Soviet Union. Jewish and non-Jewish adolescents (13-18 years old) had a better chance of survival, as they could be used for forced labor. Many of the younger children who survived the Holocaust did so in hiding. It was not uncommon for the Germans to carry out “children’s actions” to reduce the ghetto populations. Like the elderly, children were considered unfit for work and were, therefore, useless. After the surrender of Nazi Germany, thousands of orphaned children and juveniles found themselves in displaced persons camps. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=2731.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Axis powers invaded Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941, and Yugoslavia surrendered on April 17, 1941. The Axis powers dismembered Yugoslavia, exploiting ethnic tension to reinforce new territorial boundaries. Germany and Italy divided Croatia into zones of influence, in which each stationed troops. Split, Yugoslavia was initially in the Italian-occupied zone. After the Italian government surrendered to the Allies in September of 1943, the Germans occupied the former Italian zone of Yugoslavia. On September 28, 1943, all Jewish adult men remaining in Split were interned, and, eventually, they were deported to Sajmište, where they were all murdered. In March 1944, 300 women and children were deported from Split to Jasenovac, where they died. Sajmište and Jasenovac were extermination camps established in the Independent State of Croatia, a puppet state of Nazi Germany, which was controlled by the governing fascist Ustaše movement in part of Yugoslavia during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3102.0,3122.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Pope Pius XII (1939-1958) was elected to the papacy just as World War II was beginning. The Vatican was officially neutral throughout the war—even under Benito Mussolini’s Fascist rule and while Rome was later occupied by Nazi Germany. The role of Pius XII and the Catholic Church during the Holocaust has been the subject of much critical and supportive literature.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3315.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The lira was the currency of Italy between 1861 and 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=3338.0,3354.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Province of Vincenza is a province in the northeastern part of Italy within the Veneto region. Its capital city is Vincenza.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Leo Diamantstein was born in Heidelberg, Germany to a Jewish family. Leo was the youngest of four siblings, with two older brothers and an older sister, Fay. As antisemitism rose in Germany, Leo and his family fled to Milan, Italy, where they became immersed in Italian culture. In 1940 Leo and his family were sent to the Italian internment camp, Ferramonti di Tarsia, where they lived for three years. Following their liberation in 1943, Leo, his brothers, and his parents fled through the Swiss Alps to gain entry into Switzerland. In his later years, Leo moved to America, where he lived working as a language interpreter and professor at Furman University.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4181.0,4196.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Italian Campaign or the Liberation of Italy was fought from July 1943-May 1945. The Allied Forces invaded Sicily in July 1943, which lead to the collapse of Mussolini’s Fascist government. By September 1943 invaded the Italian mainland. German forces took over northern and central Italy. German paratroopers rescued Mussolini and established a puppet state (the Italian Social Republic) to oversee the German held territory. The fighting continued for the next two years with much of the battles between the Germans and the Allies occurring in the mountainous regions. The fighting continued until May 1945 when the Germans in Italy finally surrendered shortly after the fall of Berlin.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=4860.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e David Polazzo is the son of Fay Polazzo and John Teseo Polazzo. Born on October 9, 1944, in Naples, Italy, David was raised alongside his twin brother, Free. David, Free, and Fay later emigrated to New York City, where he lived and worked. He was later joined in America by his stepfather, John.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5191.0,5205.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Free Solomon Polazzo is the son of Fay Polazzo and John Teseo Polazzo. Born on October 9, 1944, in Naples, Italy, with the name Fred Solomon Goldmark. Free was raised with his twin brother, David, and younger brother, Alex, in New York City, N.Y., by his mother Fay, and was later joined by his stepfather, John. Free moved to Atlanta, Georgia in 1975 where he had two sons, Chad and Justin. Free worked within the computer business and remained involved in the local community where he worked with Uplifting People, West Georgians for Clean Air, and the Douglas county democratic party.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5205.0,5207.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Approximately 125,000 Germans, most of them Jewish, immigrated to the United States between 1933 and 1945. As World War II began, however, immigration became more and more difficult. After Germany annexed Austria in March 1938, the United States had combined the German and Austrian quotas into one “German” quota. Of the 27,370 visas available to Germans, 7,818 went unissued, even though increasing antisemitic persecution made the waiting list grew to over 139,000. In 1939, all of the German visas were issued. After World War II began in September of that year, the waiting list grew to more than 300,000 people, most of the Jewish. In 1940, the German quota was almost filled, but new restrictions were put in place that made it more difficult for Germans to obtain visas. By the summer of 1941, all U.S. consulates in Nazi-occupied territory had been closed. Only German refugees who had already escaped Nazi-occupied territory could obtain visas. When the U.S. officially entered the war in December 1941, Jews trapped in Europe had almost no hope of immigrating.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5280.0,5288.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe American Red Cross (ARC) is a humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief and education in the United States. It is the designated United States affiliate of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The ARC was founded in 1881 by Clara Barton.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5612.0,5642.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Carnival is a Christian farewell party before lent. During Carnival, participants enjoy eating, drinking, and dancing– commonly at masquerades and parades. Carnival is celebrated in many countries by Catholic communities. In Italy, Carnival is traditionally celebrated on Fat Tuesday and occurs around a month before Ash Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5913.0,5927.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Mardi Gras is the final day of Carnival.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5927.0,5932.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e John Teseo Polazzo was born on June 5, 1926, in Vicenza, Italy to parents Santa and Pietro Polazzo. John was raised Catholic and later married his wife, Fay Diamantstein Polazzo on January 7, 1952. John immigrated to New York City, N.Y., where he worked in the food industry at the Metropolitan Opera House. Together John and Fay had one son, Alex, and John adopted Fay’s twin boys, Alex and Free. In 1960 Fay and John moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where they later retired.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=5971.0,5974.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e After World War I, Britain took over Palestine. Although protested by the Arab states, the League of Nations authorized the British mandate over Palestine, which continued throughout World War II. Beginning in 1929, Arabs and Jews openly fought in Palestine. Britain attempted to limit Jewish immigration as a means of appeasing the Arabs. Jewish immigration had already been restricted by a series of official reports (known as White Papers) issued in 1922 and 1930 by the British government. The Arab Revolt of 1936–1939 further caused Great Britain to dramatically limit the numbers of immigrants allowed into Palestine in subsequent years and throughout the Holocaust. In 1939, a third White Paper was issued, which limited Jewish immigration to Palestine to 75,000 for the first five years, subject to the country's \"economic absorptive capacity,\" and would later be contingent on Arab consent. At the end of World War II, Britain continued to strictly limit Jewish immigration to Palestine. Jewish resistance organizations managed to smuggle hundreds of thousands of survivors from Europe into Palestine via “illegal” immigrant ships. The British intercepted most ships, however, and began to intern the immigrants they caught in camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6108.0,6113.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e An Affidavit of Support and Sponsorship was among the criteria applicants seeking an entry visa into the United States during the 1930s and 1940s had to meet. This required two sponsors who were United States citizens or had permanent resident status. Sponsors had to provide proof of their financial status (Federal tax returns and an affidavit from their bank and employer) to ensure that the immigrants would not become dependent upon social welfare programs. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6214.0,6244.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e A period in the United States known as the ‘Red Scare,’ lasting roughly from 1950 to 1956 and characterized by heightened political repression against communists, as well as a campaign spreading fear of their influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents. During the McCarthy era, thousands of American were accused of being communist sympathizers and became the subject of aggressive investigations and questioning before government or private-industry panels, committees and agencies. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6687.0,6696.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Joseph McCarthy (1908-1957) served as a United States Senator from Wisconsin (Republican) from 1947 to his death in 1957. He latched onto Communism and exposing Communist sympathizers in the government and military and made the issue his cause célèbre. The whole anti-Communist fever of the 1950s became known as “McCarthyism.” According to McCarthy there were 205 Communists in the State Department (or 87 or 51, depending on which speech he was giving). Although McCarthy carefully avoided any antisemitic innuendo linking Jews and Communism, many Jewish organizations responded negatively. In fact, 21 percent of people in 1948 believed that “most Jews were Communists” and more than half associated Jews with spying. Of the 124 people hauled before McCarthy’s committee (House Committee on Un-American Activities), 79 were Jews, thus leading to their sensitivity on the matter. McCarthy eventually got so carried away finding “Communists under every bed” that he himself was the subject of a congressional investigation and he was censured by the Senate. He died in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6696.0,6705.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Canada is a country in North America. It has ten provinces and three territories that cover 3.85 million square miles. It shares its southern and western border with the United States. Indigenous people have continuously inhabited the lands that make up of Canada for thousands of years. The county’s capital is Ottawa and the government is a parliamentary democracy. Canada is officially bilingual (English and French).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6705.0,6712.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Alex Polazzo is the youngest son of Fay and John Polazzo. He was raised in New York City, N.Y. by his immigrant parents following World War II. He later moved to Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=6935.0,6962.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e As a neutral country, Switzerland became a favored repository of capital in the years leading up to and during World War II. With the rise of Nazism, many European Jews sought to safeguard their assets by depositing their money in Swiss bank accounts and valuables in Swiss safe deposit boxes. During the war, the Swiss were the principal bankers and financial brokers of the Nazis, handling vast sums of currency, gold and other valuables they had plundered directly from individual Holocaust victims and from the reserves of conquered countries. Switzerland also purchased vast amounts of gold from Allied and Axis powers. It exchanged the precious metal for Swiss francs, the only free convertible currency at the time outside the American dollar. This trade benefited Germany in particular, effectively turning Switzerland into an enabler of the German war effort. After the war, survivors were often unable to provide the required documentation needed to retrieve the assets that belonged to them or their deceased relatives. \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7589.0,7614.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Between 1945 and 1947, the Allied governments enacted various legislation dealing with reparations to be paid to the victims of Nazi oppression. The Jewish Agency presented the first official claim to the Allied governments in September 1945. The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany (Claims Conference) was established in October 1951 to help with individual claims against Germany arising from the Holocaust. The Claims Conference initially recovered $100 million from West Germany, with direct compensation to Holocaust survivors paid in installments. In 1952, the government of West Germany reached an agreement with the state of Israel and the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany to pay reparations for material losses and injuries incurred during the Holocaust. Three separate German laws, known as the West German Federal Indemnification Laws, were adopted in 1953, 1956, and 1965. They further provided for compensation in the form of one-time payments and monthly pensions to Holocaust survivors. In the years since, other agreements for reparations have also been reached.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7633.0,7635.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e In the years immediately following World War II, survivors typically referred to the systematic state-sponsored killing of Jews as Sho’ah [Hebrew: catastrophe] or Hurban [Yiddish and Hebrew: destruction]. Scholars and writers popularized the term holocaust [from the Greek word holokauston, which is a translation of the Hebrew word olah, meaning a burnt sacrifice offered to G-d] in the 1960s and by the late 1970s, it had become widely used.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7663.0,7678.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e When hostilities ended on May 8, 1945 in Europe, as many as 100,000 Jewish survivors found themselves among the 7,000,000 uprooted and homeless people classified as displaced persons (DPs). In a chaotic six-month period, 6,000,000 non-Jewish DPs, who had been deported to Germany as forced laborers for the Nazis, wandered through Germany and Eastern Europe toward their homelands. The liberated Jews, who were plagued by illness and exhaustion, emerged from concentration camps and hiding places to discover a world in which they had no place. Bereft of home and family, and reluctant to return to their pre-war homelands, these Jews were joined in a matter of months by more than 150,000 other Jews fleeing fierce antisemitism in Poland, Hungary, Romania and Russia. In late 1945 and the summer of 1946, a series of horrific assaults against surviving Jewish communities occurred in postwar East Central Europe, particularly in Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine, Russia and Romania. Allied forces established temporary facilities (DP camps) across Germany, Austria, and Italy to house DPs. Often, shelter was improvised and DPs found themselves housed in everything from former military barracks, summer camps and airports to castles, hotels and even private homes. Initially, the Allies herded Jewish DPs and non-Jewish DPs together, but conflicts arose. The need to recognize Jews as a unique and stateless group of DPs was urgent, and became obvious to the Americans. They created the first exclusively Jewish DP camp at Feldafing, which began absorbing Jews from Dachau in the summer of 1945. Most DP camps had been designated as either Jewish or non-Jewish by the end of 1945. In 1946 and 1947, the number of DPs in the camps rose substantially and conditions were often overcrowded and harsh. New organization and policies eventually took shape that substantially improved the DPs camps. Refugees were given some authority to manage their own affairs and some survivors began to establish new political and cultural lives. Many DPs married and started families while in the camps. From 1945 to 1952, more than 250,000 Jewish displaced persons lived in camps and urban centers in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Allied authorities and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) administered these facilities. Displaced Jews registered with various aid agencies like UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), the IRO (International Refugee Organization), or the British Red Cross’ Central Tracing Bureau (which would later be renamed the International Tracing Service) in the hopes of reconnecting with their families. Eventually, DPs were repatriated to their home countries, reestablished themselves in new countries or immigrated outside of Europe. Most of the DP camps were closed by 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=7819.0,7823.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Argentina is a country in South America, which covers most of the southern part of the continent. It is the world’s eighth largest country. The capital is Buenos Aires.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8247.0,8248.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Shabbat (Hebrew) or Shabbos (Yiddish) is the Jewish Sabbath and is observed on Saturdays. Shabbat observance entails refraining from work activities and engaging in restful activities to honor the day. Shabbat begins at sundown on Friday night and is ushered in by lighting candles and reciting a blessing. It is closed the following evening with the recitation of the havdalah blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8425.0,8455.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Yom Kippur [Hebrew: “day of atonement”] The most sacred day of the Jewish year. Yom Kippur is a 25-hour fast day. Most of the day is spent in prayer, reciting yizkor for deceased relatives, confessing sins, requesting divine forgiveness, and listening to Torah readings and sermons. People greet each other with the wish that they may be sealed in the heavenly book for a good year ahead. 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Its mission is to unite persons of the Jewish faith and to enhance Jewish identity through strengthening Jewish family life, to provide broad-based services for the benefit of senior citizens, and to facilitate advocacy and action on behalf of Jews throughout the world.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8516.0,8525.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e Quakers, or Friends, are an international family of diverse Christian religious organizations. They are theologically diverse. They started in England in the 1940s by George Fox, who was convinced that it was possible to have a direct experience of Christ without clergy. He admonished his followers that they should tremble at the word of God, so they became derisively called the ‘Quakers.’\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8563.0,8567.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Twilight Zone is a television show that rose to popularity in the 1960s. In the show, characters would commonly experience strange occurrences, which is now widely referred to as “Entering the Twilight Zone.”\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807#t=8635.0,8650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/129674/file/242807/annotation_set/1379/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e The Janette Polazzo Chapter is a fundraising chapter of The City of Hope for cancer. 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