{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/0000000b3p/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Skvirenko, Anna Katz"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2006-08-09 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAnna Skvirenko interviewed by Sandra Berman on August 9, 2006 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e (general)","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview Anna mentions that her parents were evacuated from Moldova at the start of the war. Anna’s mother was a student at the Pedagogical Institute and the father was a professor at the Institute. She first encountered antisemitism at an early age, while in summer camp. After deciding to emigrate she received a compassion visa to the United States because she was diagnosed with breast cancer.\u003c/p\u003e (scope content)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archivesspace.thebreman.org/repositories/2/archival_objects/28318"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAnna Skvirenko interviewed by Sandra Berman on August 9, 2006 in Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview Anna mentions that her parents were evacuated from Moldova at the start of the war. Anna’s mother was a student at the Pedagogical Institute and the father was a professor at the Institute. She first encountered antisemitism at an early age, while in summer camp. After deciding to emigrate she received a compassion visa to the United States because she was diagnosed with breast cancer.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, recorded by any information storage and retrieval system, without the express written consent of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/082/original/TheBreman_SecondaryMark_Horizontal_Blue_Black.png?1713640889","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/103/821/small/Anna_Skvirenko.png?1619303346","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Skvirenko_Anna.mp4"]},"duration":4215.045,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/103/821/small/Anna_Skvirenko.png?1619303346","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-thebreman.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/103/821/original/Skvirenko_Anna.mp4?1609416389","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":4215.045,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Anna Skvirenko [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BERMAN: Today is August 9th, 2006 and I am here with--\n\nSKVIRENKO: Anna Skvirenko.\n\nBERMAN: Thank you, who has agreed to be interviewed for the Esther and Herbert\nTaylor Oral History Project of the Elliot and Judith Cohen Oral history\ncollection of the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum. I am thrilled that you\nhave decided to participate in this Project it's a very important project for us\nas part of our whole series of interviewing people who have emigrated and made\ntheir homes here in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=0.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta. I would like you to begin by telling me just where\nyou were born? And If you can tell me if you had a Jewish name and the city that\nyou were born?\n\nSKVIRENKO: OK, it's rather interesting, because I was born in the Urals, when my\nparents were in evacuation. They fled from the Nazis during the Second World ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"War\nand I was born by the end of the war in a small city of Buguruslan, which is in\nOrenburg Region. My mother was a student of a Pedagogical Institute and father\nwas a teacher there, a professor of the Institute and I was happy to be born by\nthe very end of the war and my mother wanted to, because of the victories she\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=60.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decided to call me Gloria and for short Laura, but my grandpa who was also with\nus then said I don't know this name. We have our family name which is Hanna. It\nwas the name of my mom and it will also be the name of my granddaughter. So, I\nwas named Anna Hanna Katz, but my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=90.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mom called me Laura, that's why I have two\nnames Hanna and Laura and sometimes it's a mess. But when I came to America, I\ndecided to use my real name so now I am Anna something between this, but my\nJewish name is Hanna.\n\nBERMAN: Same as my grandmother, exactly.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Hanna ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=120.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Katz. See, a lot of Hannas.\n\nBERMAN: Where were they evacuated from?\n\nSKVIRENKO: They were evacuated from Moldova. It is on the border of Romania and\nUkraine. And their Shtetel where my grandpa lived and grandma it was on the\nborder and it may be one of the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first, well, locations which the Nazis bombed\nand occupied, but they managed to leave earlier, because at the same time that\nthey were evacuated, my parents were evacuated my grandparents were victims of\nStalin Regime, because they were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"declared to be very rich people and they were\nsent off to Siberia and they lived--\n\nBERMAN: In the, in the--\n\nSKVIRENKO: It was in 1940 just before the war maybe on one side it was really\nbad, later they were rehabilitated, but at that time it was good, because it\ngave them an opportunity to leave. Because they stayed there their whole lives\nand my grandma died ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=210.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the end of the war and my grandpa died in the fifties.\nAfter Stalin died, he was allowed to come back to Moldova where they used to live.\n\nBERMAN: That's an amazing story. I, so they were actually victims first of Stalin?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, yeah.\n\nBERMAN: And it was because they were victimized by Stalin that they were saved\nfrom the Nazis.\n\nSKVIRENKO: They were saved from the Nazis. It was the only opportunity for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=240.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them\nto be saved, because of the people who stayed in this shtetel were perished, all\nof them perished and all of them were killed, because there was a ghetto there\nin Lipkan they were from Lipkan and they are gone with wind.\n\nBERMAN: How did your parents have the foresight to evacuate early?\n\nSKVIRENKO: My father ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=270.0,300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a journalist he worked for a newspaper and that's why--\nThe newspapers were evacuated by the government and he was not summoned to the\narmy because he was from Romania and he graduated from Sorbonne, lived in\nBucharest and that's why he was not trusted by the Soviet government and they\ndid not want to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=300.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"summon him to the army he was on his own and that's why when\nhe worked at the newspaper and the newspaper, the whole staff of the newspaper\nwas evacuated was evacuated to Russia they did not know where they were\nevacuated they went to Russia and there nobody wanted to hire him, because he\nwas from Romania, although he was a Romanian Communist ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=330.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was with the left\nforces, but nevertheless they did not trust him because he was from Romania. And\nthat's where they got to Tashkent and in Tashkent, they lived for one or two\nyears my mom gave birth to a boy and he died, because she could not raise him,\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she got sick she had Typhoid and he did not make it. After that they found out\nthat the college it was called the Pedagogical Institute was evacuated to the\nUrals and his brother was a student of her brother, I mean my mom's brother was\na student of the Institute and he ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=390.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"signed her out so they said, he wrote to all\nthe, well, organizations asking them to let her come to him and they allowed her\nand she went to the Urals and there they lived all together, her brother ,\nsister she and their families and they lived there three years till the\nliberation of Moldova till ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=420.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moldova was freed so they came back with the\nInstitute, because it was a pedagogical Institute. And Moldova was freed in\nAugust of forty-four. And then when Moldova was freed they decided that they\nneeded to open the schools the Soviet government and that's why the first\norganizations, the first thing that they did is they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=450.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reevacuated the pedagogical\nInstitutes and it was a pedagogical Institute and they came back and I was two\nweeks old. And when my mom came back, so when she was on their train I was five\ndays old, but she decided to go then, because she was so patriotic she wanted to\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=480.0,510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work she wanted to do something , you know for the country and that'/s why they\nreturned and I was two weeks old and all my mom's friends and she herself\ntaught. And there was no water there and there was nothing there when all, not\ndiapers, but you know how difficult it was and the students had friends went to\nthe engine took their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=510.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"palms and brought her water, because she needed to wash me\nup and she needed to do something. It was such very fun and they laughed. They\nwere very young and they joked when they told me about it how they saved me. And\nwhen we came there Kishinev was ruined it was leveled, because ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=540.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the main one of\nthe most important battles of the war went through Kishinev. It was Kishinev\nYash operation and we did not know anything about it. Then we found out what\nhappened to Kishinev the most, well the most part of all the houses ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=570.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were\ndestroyed and the authorities of the Institute told the students go through the\ncity and ask the people which apartment is free and you can occupy it we give\nyou permission for it. And the students in groups went to the city and they saw\nthat more, richer districts ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=600.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were not so ruined as one of the districts so\ncalled lower district. And they found out that it was Kishinev ghetto. Later we\nfound out that no one in Kishinev ghetto survived. And in many years when they\nbuilt a memorial to the Kishinev Ghetto, they wanted to find at least one person\nwho was in the ghetto and they wanted him to speak. So, they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=630.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could not find it.\nEverybody was killed. And when they went from one of those we call them courts,\nso you know such many houses built side by side and in the middle there was some\nplace and it was called court and it was very very poor the poorest of the poor\nlived there and also the Jews it was also a Shtet maybe not a Shtetell, but a\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=660.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shtet and lots of people lived there. They were poor Jews, but when they from\ncourt to court and asked is it vacant is it empty, can we take this one, so the\npeople said no , we know that this was evacuated this means that he might\nreturn, but you can occupy this one, because he was killed in the ghetto. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=690.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You\ncan take this one he the so the owner was killed in the ghetto. So as they came\nand they lived together in one small apartment back in Buguruslan in the Urals\nand they one two not bedroom, but how to say it two rooms maybe without a\nkitchen, without everything. only two rooms which were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=720.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comparatively not ruined\nthey were three families and they decided to live with this family, because they\nwanted to speak together, because they were afraid of it during the war, so they\nwere used to it. It was very difficult, but then the life went on and they moved\nout. And only my aunt, she is my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=750.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"uncle's wife. My mother's brother's wife she\nsaid that I don't want to go anywhere from this apartment, so she lived there\ntill 1973 when she emigrated to America. she was the first, you know, so--\n\nBERMAN: You grew up in Moldova?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I grew up in Moldova. I grew up in Moldova and Kishinev, but in the\npassport, it was written that I was born in Russia. That I am from Russia.\n\nBERMAN: So, you must've ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=780.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been one of the only Jewish families in that area?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Where? In Kishinev? No, Kishinev is a city of Jews.\n\nBERMAN: But I thought most of them did not come back.\n\nSKVIRENKO: You Know, after the war all were evacuated, they came back. That's\nwhy and they all settled in the same districts where they used to live before\nthe war and many of the people from the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=810.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"small shtetels, you know around Kishinev\nthey also moved to Kishinev, because it was impossible to live in those shtetels\nwhere they used to live. That's why in Kishinev by the end of the forties only\nseventy thousand people lived the population was not so big, but among them\nthere were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=840.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"approximately fifty-five thousand Jewish people. Later other people\ncame and when we left it was approximately one million and there were no Jews at\nall, but at first it was a small city where everyone knew one another we had\nmany friends many relatives it was such ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=870.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very small city. So, to say we had maybe\nonly twenty schools. But when I left, I am a teacher so I know for sure we had\ntwo hundred schools and a lot of institutions, so the city grew.\n\nBERMAN: What was it like being Jewish in a city like that?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I will tell you , at first I didn't understand it ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=900.0,930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I will tell you\nwhy I lived amidst the Jews our court where we lived was a court of the Jews we\ndid not have any other families so it was natural for me to wake up and the\nwindows were open and I saw this whole Yiddish ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=930.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"language, of course and once I\nremember very well such a moment when I woke up and I was listening to what was\ngoing on outside and I understood that, I realized that I understand each word.\nThey were talking in Yiddish and I understood. Ooh, I understand it, maybe I was\nfive years old. You see, that's why I didn't ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=960.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"understand it. My mom the whole\nfamily the friends so their neighbors all were Jews we did not even discuss\nthese problems, maybe they were somewhere outside but, we were children and we\ndid not understand it, my friends, all my friends were Jews. When I went to\nschool, so maybe ninety percent of my classmates were Jews, so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=990.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did not feel\nit. But once when I went to camp there was one girl, we did not know her, but\nshe was very popular and she was maybe two years older that we were. She started to ask\neverybody, \"Are you Jewish? Are you Jewish, who is Jewish? The Jewish should be\nkilled.\" I did not understand it and I did not want to be killed so I told her, \"No I\nam not Jewish.\" She believed me and then my mom came and I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1020.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"aske dher, \"why did\nshe ask if I was, if I am Jewish?\" She asked me, \"What did you say?\" I told her\nthat I wasn't Jewish. She told me, \"That is exactly what you had to say because don't go into troubles you were the only Jew there and I don't advise\nyou to it.\" But I was on the contrary very humiliated, and I told her, \"Is it bad to\nbe Jewish?\" She told me, \"No, it's not bad, but many ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1050.0,1080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people don't like Jews and\nthey think that it's bad.\" Ok, I am better than she is and I will tell her I am\nJewish. So, I came up to her and my mom left and told her, \"I am Jewish. What did you want to tell me?\" And she was so taken aback that she said, \"I did not want to tell you anything.\" I said, \"Why did you ask me if I am Jewish? I will go and tell\nmy instructor that you asked me if I was Jewish.\" And she said, \"Don't tell her I\ndid not ask you anything and she asked them. Did I ask her anything?\" And they all\nsaid, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1080.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"No, no you did not ask her.\" At that time I understood that if you are\ndefiant it's better because they start to be afraid of you and since that time\nif somebody asks me if I am Jewish, or not, \"Yes, I am and what over it what did\nyou want from me?\" And they all move aside because what could they tell me. And in our country it was the greatest compliment to say, \"Oh, are you are Jewish? I would not say you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1110.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are Jewish. You are not like\na Jew.\" And I always ask, \"Is it a compliment?\" And they did not know what to say,\nyou see it was our, my first impressions.\n\nBERMAN: And it was your first real interaction with a non-Jew.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes. And later I understood it. What I understood that among the Jews\nI felt myself at ease and when there was someone else who is not Jewish, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1140.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I felt\nthat I am not at home, you see?\n\nBERMAN: Well, it was under Stalin that you were born?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah.\n\nBERMAN: Well, what about going to synagogue or being able to practice Jewish\ntraditions in the home? Were you able to do that?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Well, you know, I understand your question, but there is one more\npeculiarity about it. First of all, I was eight years old when Stalin died\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1170.0,1200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's why I don't remember anything. I only remember the tears and I remember\none fat Jewish Woman she lived on the second floor and she went out and there\nwas something like a balcony and she went out on the balcony and she raised her\nhands in the air and started crying how will we live what will be, what will be\nhe died and we did not understand who died and I did not want to cry, because I\ndid not know him I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1200.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not said at all and when I came to school they all\nstarted asking me did you cry I told no and one of the mothers who also came she\nsaid, you know she didn't cry. And my teacher asked why didn't you cry I don't\nknow I did not know him, so, but that was the end of this story.\n\nBERMAN: Well, these were all Jewish people that were crying for Stalin?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, yeah, but they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1230.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knew anything about it they did not think it was\nStalin's fault this anti-Semitism and they did not understand it at all, nobody\nunderstood Not only the Jewish people nobody understood and they thought we were\nraised so, Stalin was everything for our country he was the leader he was the\nicon he was everything and how would we live without him. That's why the people\ncried the people were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1260.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in trouble they were in grief, you can't even imagine, I\nremember this well the only thing-- I was also ashamed that I could not cry, but\nI couldn't, you see--\n\nBERMAN: So, how was it though after Stalin died under the communists were you\nable to have these holidays?\n\nSKVIRENKO: No, we did not have we did not have any holidays, but I mentioned the\npeculiarity. You ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1290.0,1320.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see, our parents they were the children of the thirties. And\nthe thirties in the whole world it was the time of atheism. So, they didn't\nbelieve in anything it was their struggle with their parents. You see, because\ntheir parents my grandma, my grandpa were very religious. And they I told you\nthat my grandpa said I don't know this name. And he did not ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1320.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"want it and he\ninsisted on his. And you know it was such a challenge of my parents not to\nbelieve to show that they are above it they understand they were modern, they\nwere contemporary and did not suffer they were all Komsomol members they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1350.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sang\nthese patriotic songs and they were students of the Institute which the Jews\nbefore could not afford under Romanian or under the Soviet people, under the\nSoviet government they got their higher education so all of them graduated from\nthe college. So, it was good for them, it was good only my father graduated from\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1380.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such university, but he was an exception, but, all of them, so they did not\nunderstand that it was bad they lived their lives, they were young. They wanted\nto have a good full life that's why the fact that they could not attend the\nsynagogue it did not upset them at all, but I, we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1410.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived one block from a\nsynagogue it was a Jewish district it was a former ghetto and the synagogue was\nnot ruined, fortunately it wasn't ruined. It was such two-story building and we\nall knew that it was a synagogue. And every Friday evening we saw all the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1440.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jews,\ndressed in black with these hats and some of them were with the paces, well,\nthey went to the synagogue. And we took it as natural we did not understand if\nit was bad, or good I know only we knew that it was Passover, because my\nneighbors asked me so, I mean the adults, of course, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they called me and said, so\ntake matzah take this khomentashen, we call this Hamentaschen, so I knew that it\nwas Purim. Later I found out that my aunt was born on Purim it was the eighth of\nmarch, the eighth of march was one of the best holidays in our country it was\nthe holiday of all the women. You know this International Women's Day and at the\nsame time my aunt was it was her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"birthday and that's why I remember this quite\nwell. Then we loved Hanukkah, because we were given Geldt, Hanukkah Geldt, so we\nknew about these holidays, they were not forbidden maybe because we lived among\nthe Jewish. They spoke Yiddish they knew all the Jewish holidays, but they were\nnot so ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evelikhidim, you know what it means Evelikhidim, such earnest so they\nwere not Evelikhidim, but they were, so they tried to keep some traditions of\ntheir culture.\n\nBERMAN: Did they change as they got older? Your parents?\n\nSKVIRENKO: No, not my mom never believed. She died and she was not religious at\nall. And when somebody started to talk to her ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1560.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about religion, she said I do not\nbelieve in it, I don't think that it's very important. I believe only in people;\nI believe in their love. I think that everyone needs to be good to one another\nonly this, so she said whether it's God, or without God I don't care. She even,\nbecause she got a special education in history and literature, she told me about\nJesus Christ and she was not such ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1590.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a you know enemy Jesus Christ. The only thing\nwhich they were really strict about is that a Jew needs to marry a Jew it was\nvery important to them, that's why it was a challenge from my side. When I\ndecided to marry my husband, it was a great disaster for the whole family and\nthey tried to do everything to prevent it, but they couldn't--\n\nBERMAN: How did you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1620.0,1650.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meet?\n\nSKVIRENKO: See, at the university I was the leader of the club, poet's club. It\nwas a poet's club and a club for fans of literature and as he is a literary\nworker you understand he was the first to come to this club and we got\nacquainted and he was talented. He was interesting he was a good ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1650.0,1680.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"journalist, a\ngood writer, of course, I couldn't-- I could not help it, you see, but as my\naunt of all the generation only my aunt is still alive, she is in Boston. And\nwhen she called me, she told, see we were wrong, we were wrong we understand it,\nit happens.\n\nBERMAN: Were they hard on you was it, was it very difficult?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah.\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1680.0,1710.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was their reaction?\n\nSKVIRENKO: There were scandals. They tried to take me away from the city the\nsummer, for something else, but it didn't happen, you see--\n\nBERMAN: What year were you married?\n\nSKVIRENKO: We were married in nineteen sixty-four. I was not yet twenty.\n\nBERMAN: And what were you both doing then? What was your--\n\nSKVIRENKO: I was a student; I was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1710.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"student at the university. And he was\n\nBERMAN: In Moldova?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, yeah, yeah yeah-- My major was foreign languages. English and\nSpanish, two languages. Well, and he was a Journalist, but he did not become, he\nwas not a Journalist at the moment when we got married because that time, he\ngraduated from the Polytechnical Institute we had such one in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1740.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Odessa. And he was\nan engineer and he was a very capable engineer, but he was interested in\nliterature, he couldn't leave his interest in literature. And when we got\nmarried, he said I can't be an engineer and he quit everything, his work\nalthough he was already a big executive, so he quit everything and he started at\nthe very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1770.0,1800.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beginning journalist career. He went to work as a reporter for a\nnewspaper where he became a senior reporter. Then he became the editor in, so\nthe deputy editor in chief and so on and so forth and when we left he was the\neditor in chief of the Republic newspaper it was a government newspaper and he\nwas the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1800.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"counselor for the vice president, but as we decided to go to America he\nquit again and he followed us that's , that's how--\n\nBERMAN: Well, how, that, I guess that's what we would really like to talk about\nnow is how that decision came about? Why did you decide?\n\nSKVIRENKO: When did we decide? First of all, it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1830.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unbearable to live there,\nbecause of this nationalism, which we really felt after the collapse of the\nSoviet Union. In all the republics the nationalism raised its head, really\nraised. So, they didn't see if we were Jewish, we were Russian we were someone\nelse the most important was that you need to talk, to speak their ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1860.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"language,\nalthough it was not popular at all, because we had one country and everyone\nspoke Russian. But when they decided that their language should be the major\nlanguage in the country they didn't even give the people an opportunity for\npeople to learn it they demanded their language from them they didn't even give\nthe people the time to learn it. They didn't give-- I don't know ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1890.0,1920.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what exactly\nyou need to learn, you see, first of all you need time, you need good manuals\nfor studying a language. I know how to teach a language they didn't give it.\nThey only demanded. Oh, you don't know the language, go away and they had such a\nslogan it was suitcase, railroad station and Siberia. It ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1920.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"means that you should\ntake a suitcase, go to the railroad station and to Siberia. And when they came\nto us even sometimes to visit us, they looked at all this how we lived and said\nok, when you leave all of this will be ours, you see--\n\nBERMAN: When who came? Explain.\n\nSKVIRENKO: They came to us to visit us, let's say not so good friends, but,\nacquaintances and so on and they were sitting I remember quite well ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1950.0,1980.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such a case\nand they were sitting, they were looking around and then when they took one or\ntwo glasses of drink they say, ok when you leave all of this will be ours, Ok.\nThey were waiting for it and no matter who you were, what you did for the\nRepublic or if they needed you or not they hated everyone, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1980.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everyone and\nsometimes it was, it was simply-- Well, scary to live there, because I remember\none demonstration where young people, so one hundred or even more people they\nwere marching along the main street we have main streets there and they were, so\nchanting you know such ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2010.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their nationalist songs and they were writing Moldova is\nour home in Moldovan, so Moldova is our home, go out, go out, you see-- It was\nso scary I even can't tell you we decided that we are extra people there. We--\nThey don't need us.\n\nBERMAN: What year was this?\n\nSKVIRENKO: It was the nineties. The nineties starting with the collapse of the\nSoviet Union. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2040.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was even before the collapse it was the reason of the collapse,\nbut when the country collapsed it was, it became a completely--\n\nBERMAN: And you thought about leaving earlier when you were still part of the\nSoviet Union?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, we were thinking about it, but, you know it was very difficult,\nyou had to go through a lot of procedures and, but at the same time we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2070.0,2100.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"felt a\nlittle bit how you say a little bit more freedom, we felt it. So, it was the\ntime, which was called Thaw, yes, so then--\n\nBERMAN: Glasnost.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, Yeah, yeah it was the time of the Perestroika, you know this\nrebuilding and they gave us, it seemed that they gave us the possibility to work\nto do something, our hopes got up and we thought ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that maybe we could really\nbuild a new country, so let's say that I became the vice principal of a big,\nvery big lyceum and, but I wasn't appointed I was elected. I was elected by my\ncoworkers, because, so it was such kind of democracy and they couldn't, so\nreject it they had to accept it. And it was so interesting to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2130.0,2160.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work we made a\nnew-- So, we thought we were making a new kind of school, a school of new\nthought. So that's enough to say that our school was a big lyceum of more than\none thousand and five hundred students and we had seven languages there. It was\na linguistic so lyceum it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2160.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exactly what I dreamt about that's why it was very\ninteresting and when I was busy I couldn't think about it, although my friends\none after another left and some of them said, ok you will be the last and you\nwill go after the train which takes us away and you will be crying I am building\nthe Lyceum for the Moldovans. So, they were joking they were laughing at me, but\nnevertheless ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2190.0,2220.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was wrapped into it and it was interesting. But then after the\ncollapse, so everything collapsed, even our dreams, and the people, the teachers\ndidn't earn at all they were very poor it was so sad to look at them how poor\nthey were and they were not paid even their salaries it was very, very ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2220.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bad. And\nwe decided that we need to go and our daughter got married to a guy who lived in\nAmerica already and she left and she is our baby she was only nineteen years old\nand we couldn't live without her we decided to join her and unfortunately I got\nsick. I got very sick. I was diagnosed with breast cancer it was in ninety-seven\nand all my friends, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2250.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had a lot of friends who were doctors, good doctors, we\nhad a good Ancocenter there, but they all told me if you want to survive you\nshould leave as soon as possible, because we can diagnose, we can give you some\nadvice, but we don't have technology and we are not sure that you can survive.\nAnd that's why all of them gathered and they helped me so to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2280.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leave so when we\ndecided to leave we got the permission in three weeks I was made the last Chemo\nand the last session of my radiation I had two, so twice as much as it was\npossible to have radiation and they said that they conserved it you can go, but\nyou need to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2310.0,2340.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go to the doctor as soon as you come and you need the treatment and\nso on. And when I came here, so the Jewish Family and career Services--\n\nBERMAN: How did you come here to Atlanta?\n\nSKVIRENKO: My daughter was here.\n\nBERMAN: She was already?\n\nSKVIRENKO: She was the first, she was first here, but it was maybe one of the\nfew free cases which our Jewish Family and Career Services had because we are\nhandling with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2340.0,2370.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reunification cases and her the family of her husband was a free\ncase and only Atlanta wanted to take them and that's why, how they appeared in\nAtlanta. It was a chance only, you see and then my daughter came here and after\nmy daughter we joined her, and when we came here also the Irina, The Jewish\nFamily and Career Services they prepared ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2370.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything for me. I had the, I was\nscheduled for the appointment with Dr Feinberg, you know Dr Feinberg, he is in\nthe Atlanta Cancer Society, so the chairman and he saw me and he said, oh, but I\ndon't know what to do with you, because, everything is gone, you see, after\nChemo and after this radiation, but two ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2400.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years it recurred, two years later. And\nI was operated, that's why I am very grateful to America, because I went to\nAmerica with the thought that I go to die, but I wanted to die so to get, be\nwith my daughter, but after I came here I was operated, I understood that I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2430.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will\n, would be able to, you see and now six years passed--\n\nBERMAN: A granddaughter. Are you a grandmother?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes. I am a cancer survivor, but you know in this sickness in this\ndisease you can't say anything, you can't predict. That's why I am very careful.\n\nBERMAN: You look great.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Thank you, thank you.\n\nBERMAN: So, all of that had a lot to do with you ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2460.0,2490.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaving. How about the rest of\nyour family, did they also emigrate? Sisters, brothers--\n\nSKVIRENKO: You know, I am the only child in my family. I was, but my uncle's\nfamily, my uncle passed away and the year after he passed away, they could not\nstay there. It was in 1974 they left Kishinev for America and all of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2490.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them, thank\nGod, they are still alive and healthy they live in Boston. My aunt lives there\nand two brothers and one of them is a professor of IMT--\n\nBERMAN: MIT?\n\nSKVIRENKO: MIT, MIT. So, Massachusetts Technological Institute and I remember\nwhen he left, he graduated ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Moscow University and when he left in two years\nhe sent us a clipping from the newspaper where it was written that he is the\nfirst full professor from the immigrants, you see. He is a mathematician, all\nthree of them are mathematicians and of course for them there were no hopes\nthere, although they graduated from Moscow ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2550.0,2580.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"University, they were very smart,\nthey were very capable. He is a very well-known mathematician there is even a\ntheorem that is called by his name Katz, well so you see. But when he was\ninvited, he personally was invited to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2580.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"symposium or somewhere else so they did\nnot allow him to go and instead of him was sent someone who had nothing to do\nwith it, with the problem and that's why he decided to leave. Iit was 1976 when\nhe left. The other brother is working with artificial intellect at MIT and the\nyoungest of them is a professor of mathematics in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2610.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israel, but he became Orthodox\nJewish, Orthodox and that's why even though he graduated from Harvard he left\neverything and went to Israel. For more than ten years he has been living now in\nIsrael. It's the whole family only one cousin left in Kishinev, but--\n\nBERMAN: When you were living in Kishinev, did you know what was going on, were\nyou aware about the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2640.0,2670.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problems that the Jews in larger cities like Moscow were\nhaving with--\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes.\n\nBERMAN: With jobs and with just getting the right appointments and all of that\nthe whole Refusnik issue?\n\nSKVIRENKO: We knew about, of course we knew about it and we even tried to get\ninvolved, we tried to help them, but the Refuseniks were not only in Moscow, the\nrefusenik were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also in Kishinev and lots of other cities. And you know there\nwere different reasons why they explained why they refused them to leave the\ncountry, but the people were very, so insistent they wanted to go, so they left.\nOf course, after the collapse of the Soviet Union it was easier for them to\nleave, but the last years of Soviet Union's existence they also could ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2700.0,2730.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leave. It\nwas, you know in the eighties, in the seventies. We knew about it, of course and\nwe were sorry for them we have compassion for them, but you know all the Jews\nwere in the same position. We all felt the same I remember that once when ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2730.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of\nmy coworkers said that-- There was a position of vice principal that why can't\nwe ask her I was called Larissa Martinovna, Laura why can't she be our vice\nprincipal? And the principal tried to dodge this question to avoid it and she\nsaid, you see we can't we can't. Why can't we? she asked. And she started to\nexplain to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2760.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her She is Jewish. And she said Aah. Although they all, all of them\nwere my friends and they all such in everyday life terms we were on the best\nterms, but they knew that it was the policy.\n\nBERMAN: Do you keep in touch with anybody?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, of course. Yeah, of course it is ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2790.0,2820.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"funny that when I left, we\nwere afraid to even mention that someone was going away, it was alien. But when\nI left, so the Board, the city Board of the teachers, so education they came to\nsay goodbye to me you see that's why. And many of the parents of my students and\nmany students ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2820.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although we left it was four A.M. They came to the airport to say goodbye.\n\nBERMAN: Do you miss it? Do you miss being there?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I can't say so. I can't say so, because there was nobody who was very\ndear to me close relatives. I tell you that only my ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2850.0,2880.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cousin is still there, she\nis of my age and we are friends, but she afraid to leave, because she is afraid\nof different troubles and she doesn't know what will happen. She said that I\ndon't know the language as you know that's why it would be very difficult for\nme, what will I do, will I clean the rooms, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2880.0,2910.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"houses so I don't want to do it. And\nthat's why she is still there, but I call her very often she can't call me\nbecause it is very expensive and she says that she gets her pension, because\nthere they retire when they are fifty five now fifty seven, but she retired when\nshe was fifty five it was usual for women, and she told me that all my pension\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2910.0,2940.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is only one payment for the gas for the gas means natural gas, not gasoline\nbut natural gas she said. But we try to help her of course we send her money,\nbecause they need to survive.\n\nBERMAN: What was your first reaction on coming to-- What were some of the first\nthoughts on coming to America?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I was shocked. And I was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2940.0,2970.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shocked for two or three years. I could not\ncalm myself. I lived like in a haze, you know because I remember when my\ndaughter and her husband took us somewhere I don't remember in the evening and\nwe moved along this highway eighty five, you know I remember this river of white\nlights and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2970.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it seemed that it's endless I was so impressed I could not even\nspeak. I-- I-- I don't know I was very touched and when I came over the first\nyears I was ready to cry every time, because I was so grateful for the\ntreatment, for everything and I always said that we did not do anything for this\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3000.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country and they met us as we are best friends of theirs and they gave us\neverything and they treat me free. Because it was free I got the Medicaid and I\ngot the best treatment and I am still alive and I gave all my life to my country\nand they told us get out, get out the only thing which we had from them.\n\nBERMAN: Was it JFCS who arranged all of this for you all the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3030.0,3060.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treatments and everything?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, we can say so, because they were the people who scheduled the\nappointment, the first appointment and then Doctor Feinberg scheduled the others.\n\nBERMAN: So, you had a caseworker at JFCS?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, it was Irina.\n\nBERMAN: Irina the caseworker.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, it was Irina and then she invited me to Jewish Family Services,\nbecause ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they needed a translator for Torah group and they invited me as a\ncontractor translator, and I worked for some time for a while there and then, so\nthey invited me to work there. At first I worked with the Holocaust survivors\nthen I started to work in the Resettlement Program. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I work in Holocaust,\nResettlement then elder access and, you know I was happy. I will tell you why,\nbecause back in my country I always dreamt to work for my people. Sometimes I\nfeel so proud of them I even can't tell you. I don't know why, but such\nsentiments came to me and I thought if I could opportunity to do something for\nthem, I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3120.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will do everything. And now I feel that I can do it sometimes I am\nannoyed, sometimes I am sad with them and I know because I think they don't do\nthis and they do this wrong, but then the time passes and I think, Ok they are\nold people they saw so much back in the country so If they want something good\nhere, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3150.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they can do it. Maybe they are not eligible, because they did not do\nanything for this country, but if they have an opportunity to have it let them\nhave it. So that's why I always reconcile with this idea.\n\nBERMAN: Just getting back to your first reaction when you got here, what was\nyour first shopping experience like?\n\nSKVIRENKO: You see, as for shopping I was not that much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3180.0,3210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"impressed, because\nbefore that I visited my daughter in Israel, my elder daughter lives in Israel,\nand now it's our greatest pain, you understand. Well, and she has been living\nthere already for fourteen years and even when I was in my country, I went twice\nto see her. And it was really the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3210.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"impression it was the first, well maybe those\nwere the first stores which I saw such rich stores, but when we left from our\ncountry the shopping was not such a problem there, because we had superstores\nalready, we had -- It was already a country which took up capitalism. That's why\nwe were not, the shopping was not the issue.\n\nBERMAN: And when you came you could-- Because for some of the people that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3240.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came\nearlier it was a big--\n\nSKVIRENKO: I understand, but not for us. For me it was only social system, it\nwas the American people their smiles, their friendliness, their such openness.\nOnly this impressed me very much, you see.\n\nBERMAN: Well, the way you are speaking I can tell that you really love being in\nthis ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3270.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country You love being in America.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, really.\n\nBERMAN: What was-- You are a citizen?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, I am.\n\nBERMAN: What was that like? The whole experience?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Well, I was-- Of course, I was very proud. At this moment when I\nunderstood I was already a citizen and I was given this so certificate and I was\nsitting in this hall and Mrs. was her name the same as ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3300.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this writer Melville, you\nsee it's the way I remember all the names. Ok, Mrs. Melville congratulated all\nof us when she joked a little bit, so I understood that it was maybe the\ngreatest, one of the greatest moments of my life. I wanted again to cry I am not\na crying person, but I wanted to cry and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3330.0,3360.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I thought of myself so good, you see I\nam already a citizen and she was joking with us and when she gave me the\ncertificate she said, ok now you can be our officer, you see, I thought why not\nit was a very important moment of my life. It's such a great country, it's such\na so an important country and to be a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3360.0,3390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part of it. It was a pride.\n\nBERMAN: How did your older daughter choose Israel?\n\nSKVIRENKO: It was a time of the war in Russia-- In Moldova, you know maybe you\nheard about Prednestrovskaya Republic. So, it's the left Bank of the river\nDniester and they always struggled, because the right ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3390.0,3420.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bank, it was the Moldovan\nbank and the left historically it was the Ukrainian bank and the majority of\nUkrainian people lived there and they didn't want to be under the Moldovan\nRepublic. That's why after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and even before the\ncollapse, they wanted to become a separate Republic and they became and in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3420.0,3450.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1992\na war began between these two republics. And it was very dangerous to live there\nand even though her husband was not Jewish, now he became Jewish-- So they\ndecided to leave and my son in law told me that I can't stand anymore of this\ncountry, of this government, I need to leave and if I ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3450.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had the possibility to\nleave, the opportunity , because my wife is Jewish so, I can't lose this\nopportunity and they decided to go there . He is very smart, he is very clever\nhe is a very good engineer, he is a programmer, he is a very good guy and we\nknew that it was-- That we could trust him that's why we decided to let them go\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3480.0,3510.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there and we wanted to join them there. But then my daughter said that, mom you\nknow, of course it's very good here, my older daughter but you should know that\nthere are some Jewish People who don't like Non-Jewish. And I don't know if dad\ncan ride there. It's better for you to go to America, because in America it's\nall the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3510.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"same all people are equal and here, you know our dad he can be. Also, it\ncan be revealed that he can't stand such, from his point of view,\ndiscrimination. That's why I decide that I did not want to be discriminated\nagainst here in my country, I mean in the country where I was born and grew up,\nso why should he be discriminated in a country that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3540.0,3570.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is strange for him. That's\nwhy it's better to go to America and our younger daughter, our baby went to\nAmerica and she is his favorite daughter, she is also a writer and that's why\nhe-- Of course, we decided we decided to choose America and we don't regret it.\nAlthough I like Israel, I like it and now I am with them and now I understand\nhow difficult it is for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3570.0,3600.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them\n\nBERMAN: Very difficult-- So wonderful so far, we have talked a little bit about\nwhy you emigrated-- How you got to Atlanta. What about now do you-- You\ndescribed your parents as atheists. What about you today, are you religious?\n\nSKVIRENKO: At least I think about it. I can't say that I am religious, but I am very--\n\nBERMAN: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3600.0,3630.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I shouldn't say religious-- Observant.\n\nSKVIRENKO: I understand. No, I am not observant, but I feel great interest and\nlove for my culture and for my people and I am interested in it. And it is very\nhelpful that I work with Rabbi Soulson and that I translate the Torah lessons\nfor him. We have been working with this group of people for five ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3630.0,3660.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, you\nknow. And they are interested we have eleven, twelve people to us biweekly and\nfor more than two hours we are talking to them about the Torah, about holidays,\nabout everything. I can't say that we study Torah, but we speak about Judaism,\nabout Jewish law. It's very interesting. They like ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3660.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it. And they come with great\npleasure to these sessions. And for myself, so I am interested. I feel that I\nneed to go back to my roots. That's why I have a lot of Jewish books now and now\neven took a book which is called Manual of Yiddish, because I understand Yiddish\nI don't speak well, but I understand ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3690.0,3720.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it and it's I think that if I learn this\nlanguage that I maybe will be able to talk in Yiddish to write even. So, because\nI feel something very, very close, something mine you see, that's why I can't\nsay that I am religious, but I am very respectful to all, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3720.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything which is\nrelated to it. But, you know my children they are religious I mean maybe it's\nalso a challenge of the children to the parents, but my daughter and my son in\nlaw here they are very religious, Orthodox religious they are observant and they\nkeep Kosher.\n\nBERMAN: So, you must go to their home for the Holidays?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, of course, exactly they never come to us, because they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't\neat here. And although she like my cuisine, of course she likes, she says mom,\nexcuse me unfortunately we can't come to you, ok, and I need to take it.\n\nBERMAN: So, if you have-- Do you attend Passover Seders here?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yes, of course Passover Seder it is obligatory. So then Rosh Hashanah\nwe always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"celebrate the Holiday, so Sukkot they have such a Sukkot they have a\nspecial tent--\n\nBERMAN: So, this must've been a lot of new things for you in a short time?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, of course. And you have to see my husband when he is singing\nall this with his Kipa, because for him it does not matter he says, so I love my\ndaughter I love my wife, so it's the same for me, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3810.0,3840.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ok.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful.\n\nSKVIRENKO: And if you want, I can tell you what else we are busy with. My\nhusband had such a great dream to publish a magazine, but this magazine should\nbe only literary without any advertisements without everything. So now he\nrealized his dream to life true to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3840.0,3870.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"life, and I want also to show something it's\nthe last number of his -- Of course, it's in Russian--\n\nBERMAN: Why don't you hold it up.\n\nSKVIRENKO: It's modern Russian literature, but it's modern Russian literature\nfor people who live in America, you see and it was accepted, so it was accepted\nin Moscow and he was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3870.0,3900.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"awarded with a medal for great contribution, you see the\nmedal for great contribution into our Russian Literature.\n\nBERMAN: That's amazing. Now tell me your husband's name.\n\nSKVIRENKO: His name is Gennady Skvirenko, same as mine, but his pseudonym is\nGennady Petrov. He is-- I am the publisher Laura ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3900.0,3930.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Katz and he is the editor in\nchief and he is happy because it's only literature. It is called For the Fan of\nLiterature: Russian Literary Magazine in Atlanta.\n\nBERMAN: That's wonderful.\n\nSKVIRENKO: And now it became well known and the best Russian writers, really\ntalented Russian writers, are published here.\n\nBERMAN: That's amazing. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3930.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What a success story! So, I think we have covered just\nabout everything-- Oh, I did want to ask you just one more thing, cooking?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I like to cook.\n\nBERMAN: You like to cook. So, even though your parents were atheists, I bet they\nhad a lot of Jewish recipes.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Of course, of course.\n\nBERMAN: So, how do you translate it all to Southern ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3960.0,3990.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cooking? Do you combine it all?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Southern cooking? You mean the cooking of America, here? You know I\ndon't know such specific recipes, but what I can find in the newspapers in many\ndifferent editions I try to collect, because I have many books, cooking books of\ndifferent countries, of different cultures and I have a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3990.0,4020.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"special, so folder where\nI collect all American recipes. But you know we are not still very used to\nAmerican well, cuisine and I don't see specific American cuisine, because I see\nhere Chinese restaurants, I see even Persian, Iranian and so on and I don't see\nAmerican. And I would like to see ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4020.0,4050.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"real American cuisine.\n\nBERMAN: Go to a steakhouse.\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah? That's why we cook our favorite and familiar to us, well dishes\nand you know the Americans like them.\n\nBERMAN: What is your favorite?\n\nSKVIRENKO: You mean--\n\nBERMAN: Your favorite dish to make\n\nSKVIRENKO: There is such Russian, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4050.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well. dish called Pelmeni, maybe you heard\nabout it?\n\nBERMAN: Spell that.\n\nSKVIRENKO: P-e-l-m-e-n-i, Pelmeni.\n\nBERMAN: Kreplach?\n\nSKVIRENKO: Yeah, Yeah, but Kreplach are with how to say it meat which has been\nboiled already. And it is with raw meat it is more like Ravioli. You know a kind\nof Ravioli and we have different kinds of Pelmeni. We have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siberian Pelmeni, we\nhave Uralian Pelmeni, we have many different kinds. We like-- We prepare\nsomething in the middle you know, but it is the most favorite dish of my family.\nWhat else I have the fame of being a very good, well-- cake maker. You see I\nlike Russian cakes; we have a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4110.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"specific cake which is called you know the\nMoldovan part was called Bessarabia once you know about it. And we call it\nBessarabian Napoleon, so, of course it's abra cadabra as if to say, but it has a\nspecific cream and Bessarabian, because it's not such layer, but it's something\nelse. That's why we gave our own name to it, Bessarabian ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4140.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Napoleon. It's also\ngood, all like it. It's my favorite.\n\nBERMAN: And finally, the last question, have you been back? Have you gone back?\n\nSKVIRENKO: No.\n\nBERMAN: Do you think you would like?\n\nSKVIRENKO: I don't think, I don't think that I would go there, because best of\nmy friends left, and I have only one cousin and I would like her to come here\nand I don't want-- I don't need to go there, ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4170.0,4200.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/transcript/21482/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see. That's why if I can afford\nto go somewhere, I will go to Israel, of course.\n\nBERMAN: Very good. Thank you very much.\n\nSKVIRENKO: So, my pleasure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4200.0,4230.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eUrals are a mountain range that runs through Western Russia\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=30.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMoldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and by Ukraine to the North, East and South. Kishinev is the capital of the Eastern Europe Republic of Moldova.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA shtetl was a small town with a large Jewish population, which existed in Central and Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. They were mainly found in Russia, Poland, Austria, and Romania.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=150.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eJoseph Stalin (born December 6, 1878-died March 5, 1953). A Georgian revolutionary and Soviet politician who ruled the Soviet Union from the mid 1920’s until his death in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=180.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTashkent is the capital city of Uzbekistan.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=360.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePassover [Hebrew: Pesach] is the anniversary of Israel’s liberation from Egyptian bondage. The holiday lasts for eight days. Unleavened bread, matzah, is eaten in memory of the unleavened bread prepared by the Israelite during their hasty flight from Egypt, when they had not time to wait for the dough to rise. On the first two nights of Passover, the seder, the central event of the holiday is celebrated.  The seder service is one of the most colorful and joyous occasions in Jewish life.  In addition to eating matzah during the seder, Jews are prohibited from eating leavened bread during the entire week of Passover. In addition, Jews are also supposed to avoid foods made with wheat, barley, rye, spelt or oats unless those foods are labeled ‘kosher for Passover.’ Jews traditionally have separate dishes for Passover.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1470.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eInternational Women’s Day International Women’s day is celebrated on March the 8th. It has occurred for over a century with the first one being in 1911. It is not country, group or organization specific and belongs to all groups collectively everywhere.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePurim is one of the most fun holidays celebrated by the Jewish people but is often underrecognized. Held on the 14th day of the Jewish month of Adar (usually march or April) Purim commemorates the day Esther Queen of Persia saved the Jewish people from execution by Haman the advisor to the Persian King.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHamantaschen are a triangular shaped cookie made to commemorate the Jewish holiday of Purim. Hamantaschen are shaped to resemble Haman’s three-cornered hat and are traditionally stuffed with sweet fillings.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMatzah or Matzo is a unleavened flatbread that is a part of Jewish cuisine and forms an integral part of the Passover festival during which the five grains that can be leavened under Jewish Law are forbidden.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1500.0,1530.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe eight-day Jewish celebration known as Hanukkah commemorates the rededication in the second century B. C. of the Second Temple of Jerusalem where according to legend the Jews had risen up against their Greek Syria oppressors in the Maccabean Revolt.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1530.0,1560.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGlasnost in the former Soviet Union the policy and practice of more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2100.0,2130.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA refusnik was a person from the former Soviet Union who was refused or denied the exit travel visa to a foreign country.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2670.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAnna is referring to Irina Nikishin. Her oral history can be found here: https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34921.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3060.0,3090.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA Torah scroll [Hebrew: Sefer Torah] is the holiest book within Judaism, made up of the five books of Moses. It is hand-written by a pious scribe in the original Hebrew and must meet extremely strict standards of production. It is rolled up around two ornate wooden shafts, attached to either end of the scroll. Torah scrolls are routinely read aloud in all synagogues and are a core representation of Judaism itself. The desecration of Torah scrolls and other holy artifacts was one method of humiliation and abuse employed by the Nazis.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3090.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKosher/Kashrut is the set of Jewish dietary laws. Food that may be consumed according to halakhah (Jewish law) is termed ‘kosher’ in English. Kosher refers to Jewish laws that dictate how food is prepared or served and which kinds of foods or animals can be eaten.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3750.0,3780.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRosh Ha-Shanah [Hebrew: head of the year; i.e. New Year festival] begins the cycle of High Holy Days. It introduces the Ten Days of Penitence, when Jews examine their souls and take stock of their actions. On the tenth day is Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. The tradition is that on Rosh Ha-Shanah, G-d sits in judgment on humanity. Then the fate of every living creature is inscribed in the Book of Life or Death. Prayer and repentance before the sealing of the books on Yom Kippur may revoke these decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3780.0,3810.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePelmeni are dumplings of Russian cuisine consists of a filling wrapped in thin unleavened dough.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4080.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/annotation_set/294/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKreplach are small dumplings filled with ground meat, mashed potatoes or another filling usually boiled and served in chicken soup.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=4080.0,4110.0"}]},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Anna Skvirenko [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=48.0,155.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was born in the Urals, when my parents were in evacuation. They fled from the Nazis during the Second World War...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=48.0,155.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Genealogy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ural Mountains","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=48.0,155.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surviving World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=155.0,802.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They [my parents] were evacuated from Moldova. It is on the border of Romania and Ukraine...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=155.0,802.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adolph Hitler","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evacutation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Genealogy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holocaust","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Joseph Stalin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moldova","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Romania","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ukraine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=155.0,802.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Childhood","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=802.0,1623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I grew up in Moldova. I grew up in Moldova and Kishinev...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=802.0,1623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Antisemitism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moldova","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Romania","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shtetl","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Soviet Union","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ukraine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=802.0,1623.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1623.0,1857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They [my parents] were really strict about is that a Jew needs to marry a Jew it was very important to them..","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1623.0,1857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1964","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Intermarriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Journalist","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judaism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Student","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1623.0,1857.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Decision to Immigrate","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1857.0,2270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, it was unbearable to live there, because of this nationalism..","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1857.0,2270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cold War","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Glasnost","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nationalism","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Soviet Union","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=1857.0,2270.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sickness and Immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2270.0,3084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I got very sick. I was diagnosed with breast cancer it was in ninety-seven..","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2270.0,3084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1997","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atlanta (Ga.)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Breast cancer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cancer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chemotherapy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Family \u0026 Career Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Radiation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"United States","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=2270.0,3084.0"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Professional life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3084.0,4215.045"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[I was] invited me to Jewish Family Services, because they needed a translator for Torah group and they invited me as a contractor translator...","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3084.0,4215.045"},{"id":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821/index/47504/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Family \u0026 Career Services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish professional","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://thebreman.aviaryplatform.com/collections/994/collection_resources/34922/file/103821#t=3084.0,4215.045"}]}]}]}